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Miyahira AK, Kamran SC, Jamaspishvili T, Marshall CH, Maxwell KN, Parolia A, Zorko NA, Pienta KJ, Soule HR. Disrupting prostate cancer research: Challenge accepted; report from the 2023 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting. Prostate 2024; 84:993-1015. [PMID: 38682886 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 2023 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, themed "Disrupting Prostate Cancer Research: Challenge Accepted," was convened at the University of California, Los Angeles, Luskin Conference Center, in Los Angeles, CA, from June 22 to 25, 2023. METHODS The 2023 marked the 10th Annual CHPCA Meeting, a discussion-oriented scientific think-tank conference convened annually by the Prostate Cancer Foundation, which centers on innovative and emerging research topics deemed pivotal for advancing critical unmet needs in prostate cancer research and clinical care. The 2023 CHPCA Meeting was attended by 81 academic investigators and included 40 talks across 8 sessions. RESULTS The central topic areas covered at the meeting included: targeting transcription factor neo-enhancesomes in cancer, AR as a pro-differentiation and oncogenic transcription factor, why few are cured with androgen deprivation therapy and how to change dogma to cure metastatic prostate cancer without castration, reducing prostate cancer morbidity and mortality with genetics, opportunities for radiation to enhance therapeutic benefit in oligometastatic prostate cancer, novel immunotherapeutic approaches, and the new era of artificial intelligence-driven precision medicine. DISCUSSION This article provides an overview of the scientific presentations delivered at the 2023 CHPCA Meeting, such that this knowledge can help in facilitating the advancement of prostate cancer research worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Sophia C Kamran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tamara Jamaspishvili
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Catherine H Marshall
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kara N Maxwell
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medicine Service, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abhijit Parolia
- Department of Pathology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicholas A Zorko
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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Rogers GL, Huang C, Mathur A, Huang X, Chen HY, Stanten K, Morales H, Chang CH, Kezirian EJ, Cannon PM. Reprogramming human B cells with custom heavy-chain antibodies. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01240-4. [PMID: 39039240 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The immunoglobulin locus of B cells can be reprogrammed by genome editing to produce custom or non-natural antibodies that are not induced by immunization. However, current strategies for antibody reprogramming require complex expression cassettes and do not allow for customization of the constant region of the antibody. Here we show that human B cells can be edited at the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus to express heavy-chain-only antibodies that support alterations to both the fragment crystallizable domain and the antigen-binding domain, which can be based on both antibody and non-antibody components. Using the envelope protein (Env) from the human immunodeficiency virus as a model antigen, we show that B cells edited to express heavy-chain antibodies to Env support the regulated expression of B cell receptors and antibodies through alternative splicing and that the cells respond to the Env antigen in a tonsil organoid model of immunization. This strategy allows for the reprogramming of human B cells to retain the potential for in vivo amplification while producing molecules with flexibility of composition beyond that of standard antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey L Rogers
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chun Huang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Atishay Mathur
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hsu-Yu Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kalya Stanten
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heidy Morales
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chan-Hua Chang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric J Kezirian
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paula M Cannon
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hill TF, Narvekar P, Asher GD, Edelstein JN, Camp ND, Grimm A, Thomas KR, Leiken MD, Molloy KM, Cook PJ, Arlauckas SP, Morgan RA, Tasian SK, Rawlings DJ, James RG. Human plasma cells engineered to secrete bispecifics drive effective in vivo leukemia killing. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00386-1. [PMID: 38959896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies are an important tool for the management and treatment of acute leukemias. As a next step toward clinical translation of engineered plasma cells, we describe approaches for secretion of bispecific antibodies by human plasma cells. We show that human plasma cells expressing either fragment crystallizable domain-deficient anti-CD19 × anti-CD3 (blinatumomab) or anti-CD33 × anti-CD3 bispecific antibodies mediate T cell activation and direct T cell killing of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia cell lines in vitro. We demonstrate that knockout of the self-expressed antigen, CD19, boosts anti-CD19-bispecific secretion by plasma cells and prevents self-targeting. Plasma cells secreting anti-CD19-bispecific antibodies elicited in vivo control of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient-derived xenografts in immunodeficient mice co-engrafted with autologous T cells. In these studies, we found that leukemic control elicited by engineered plasma cells was similar to CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T cells. Finally, the steady-state concentration of anti-CD19 bispecifics in serum 1 month after cell delivery and tumor eradication was comparable with that observed in patients treated with a steady-state infusion of blinatumomab. These findings support further development of ePCs for use as a durable delivery system for the treatment of acute leukemias, and potentially other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler F Hill
- University of Washington, Medical Scientist Training Program, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Parnal Narvekar
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gregory D Asher
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Nathan D Camp
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Annaiz Grimm
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kerri R Thomas
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Peter J Cook
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah K Tasian
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Rawlings
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington, Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard G James
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington, Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Renner A, Stahringer A, Ruppel KE, Fricke S, Koehl U, Schmiedel D. Development of KoRV-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors for efficient gene transfer into freshly isolated immune cells. Gene Ther 2024; 31:378-390. [PMID: 38684788 PMCID: PMC11257948 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-024-00454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Allogeneic cell therapies, such as those involving macrophages or Natural Killer (NK) cells, are of increasing interest for cancer immunotherapy. However, the current techniques for genetically modifying these cell types using lenti- or gamma-retroviral vectors present challenges, such as required cell pre-activation and inefficiency in transduction, which hinder the assessment of preclinical efficacy and clinical translation. In our study, we describe a novel lentiviral pseudotype based on the Koala Retrovirus (KoRV) envelope protein, which we identified based on homology to existing pseudotypes used in cell therapy. Unlike other pseudotyped viral vectors, this KoRV-based envelope demonstrates remarkable efficiency in transducing freshly isolated primary human NK cells directly from blood, as well as freshly obtained monocytes, which were differentiated to M1 macrophages as well as B cells from multiple donors, achieving up to 80% reporter gene expression within three days post-transduction. Importantly, KoRV-based transduction does not compromise the expression of crucial immune cell receptors, nor does it impair immune cell functionality, including NK cell viability, proliferation, cytotoxicity as well as phagocytosis of differentiated macrophages. Preserving immune cell functionality is pivotal for the success of cell-based therapeutics in treating various malignancies. By achieving high transduction rates of freshly isolated immune cells before expansion, our approach enables a streamlined and cost-effective automated production of off-the-shelf cell therapeutics, requiring fewer viral particles and less manufacturing steps. This breakthrough holds the potential to significantly reduce the time and resources required for producing e.g. NK cell therapeutics, expediting their availability to patients in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Renner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Department for Cell and Gene Therapy Development, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anika Stahringer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Department for Cell and Gene Therapy Development, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharina Eva Ruppel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Department for Cell and Gene Therapy Development, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Fricke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Department for Cell and Gene Therapy Development, Leipzig, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases, CIMD, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Ulrike Koehl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Department for Cell and Gene Therapy Development, Leipzig, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases, CIMD, Leipzig, Deutschland
- Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmiedel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Department for Cell and Gene Therapy Development, Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Dravid AA, Singh A, García AJ. Biomaterial-Based Therapeutic Delivery of Immune Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400586. [PMID: 38813869 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Immune cell therapy (ICT) is a transformative approach used to treat a wide range of diseases including type 1 diabetes, sickle cell disease, disorders of the hematopoietic system, and certain forms of cancers. Despite excellent clinical successes, the scope of adoptively transferred immune cells is limited because of toxicities like cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity in patients. Furthermore, reports suggest that such treatment can impact major organ systems including cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and hepatic systems in the long term. Additionally, adoptively transferred immune cells cannot achieve significant penetration into solid tissues, thus limiting their therapeutic potential. Recent studies suggest that biomaterial-assisted delivery of immune cells can address these challenges by reducing toxicity, improving localization, and maintaining desired phenotypes to eventually regain tissue function. In this review, recent efforts in the field of biomaterial-based immune cell delivery for the treatment of diseases, their pros and cons, and where these approaches stand in terms of clinical treatment are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya A Dravid
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Ankur Singh
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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Young DJ, Edwards AJ, Quiroz Caceda KG, Liberzon E, Barrientos J, Hong S, Turner J, Choyke PL, Arlauckas S, Lazorchak AS, Morgan RA, Sato N, Dunbar CE. In vivo tracking of ex vivo generated 89 Zr-oxine labeled plasma cells by PET in a non-human primate model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.24.595782. [PMID: 38903108 PMCID: PMC11188104 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
B cells are an attractive platform for engineering to produce protein-based biologics absent in genetic disorders, and potentially for the treatment of metabolic diseases and cancer. As part of pre-clinical development of B cell medicines, we demonstrate a method to collect, ex vivo expand, differentiate, radioactively label, and track adoptively transferred non-human primate (NHP) B cells. These cells underwent 10- to 15-fold expansion, initiated IgG class switching, and differentiated into antibody secreting cells. Zirconium-89-oxine labeled cells were infused into autologous donors without any preconditioning and tracked by PET/CT imaging. Within 24 hours of infusion, 20% of the initial dose homed to the bone marrow and spleen and distributed stably and equally between the two. Interestingly, approximately half of the dose homed to the liver. Image analysis of the bone marrow demonstrated inhomogeneous distribution of the cells. The subjects experienced no clinically significant side effects or laboratory abnormalities. A second infusion of B cells into one of the subjects resulted in an almost identical distribution of cells, suggesting a non-limiting engraftment niche and feasibility of repeated infusions. This work supports the NHP as a valuable model to assess the potential of B cell medicines as potential treatment for human diseases.
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7
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Laoharawee K, Kleinboehl EW, Jensen JD, Peterson JJ, Slipek NJ, Wick BJ, Johnson MJ, Webber BR, Moriarity BS. Engineering Memory T Cells as a platform for Long-Term Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Lysosomal Storage Disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.23.590790. [PMID: 38712248 PMCID: PMC11071424 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.23.590790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Enzymopathy disorders are the result of missing or defective enzymes. Amongst these enzymopathies, mucopolysaccharidosis type I, is a rare genetic lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA), ultimately causes toxic build-up of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). There is currently no cure and standard treatments provide insufficient relief to the skeletal structure and central nervous system (CNS). Human memory T cells (Tm) migrate throughout the body's tissues and can persist for years, making them an attractive approach for cellular-based, systemic enzyme replacement therapy. Here, we tested genetically engineered, IDUA-expressing Tm as a cellular therapy in an immunodeficient mouse model of MPS I. Our results demonstrate that a single dose of engineered Tm leads to detectable IDUA enzyme levels in the blood for up to 22 weeks and reduced urinary GAG excretion. Furthermore, engineered Tm take up residence in nearly all tested tissues, producing IDUA and leading to metabolic correction of GAG levels in the heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, bone marrow, and the CNS. Our study indicates that genetically engineered Tm holds great promise as a platform for cellular-based enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis type I and potentially many other enzymopathies and protein deficiencies.
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8
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Zhang TT, Cheng RYH, Ott AR, Dahl NP, Suchland ER, Stoffers CM, Asher GD, Hou D, Thouvenel CD, Hill TF, Rawlings DJ, James RG. BCR signaling is required for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in immunodeficient mice receiving human B cells. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadh8846. [PMID: 38598616 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adh8846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a major therapeutic challenge that has been difficult to study using human cells because of a lack of suitable models for mechanistic characterization. Here, we show that ex vivo-differentiated B cells isolated from a subset of healthy donors can elicit pathologies similar to PTLD when transferred into immunodeficient mice. The primary driver of PTLD-like pathologies were IgM-producing plasmablasts with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes that expressed genes commonly associated with EBV latency. We show that a small subset of EBV+ peripheral blood-derived B cells expressing self-reactive, nonmutated B cell receptors (BCRs) expand rapidly in culture in the absence of BCR stimulation. Furthermore, we found that in vitro and in vivo expansion of EBV+ plasmablasts required BCR signaling. Last, treatment of immunodeficient mice with the BCR pathway inhibitor, ibrutinib, delays onset of PTLD-like pathologies in vivo. These data have implications for the diagnosis and care of transplant recipients who are at risk of developing PTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Zhang
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rene Yu-Hong Cheng
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Andee R Ott
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Noelle P Dahl
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Emmaline R Suchland
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Claire M Stoffers
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Gregory D Asher
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Deyin Hou
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Christopher D Thouvenel
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Tyler F Hill
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- MSTP and MCB Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David J Rawlings
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Richard G James
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Teixeira AP, Fussenegger M. Synthetic Gene Circuits for Regulation of Next-Generation Cell-Based Therapeutics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309088. [PMID: 38126677 PMCID: PMC10885662 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Arming human cells with synthetic gene circuits enables to expand their capacity to execute superior sensing and response actions, offering tremendous potential for innovative cellular therapeutics. This can be achieved by assembling components from an ever-expanding molecular toolkit, incorporating switches based on transcriptional, translational, or post-translational control mechanisms. This review provides examples from the three classes of switches, and discusses their advantages and limitations to regulate the activity of therapeutic cells in vivo. Genetic switches designed to recognize internal disease-associated signals often encode intricate actuation programs that orchestrate a reduction in the sensed signal, establishing a closed-loop architecture. Conversely, switches engineered to detect external molecular or physical cues operate in an open-loop fashion, switching on or off upon signal exposure. The integration of such synthetic gene circuits into the next generation of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells is already enabling precise calibration of immune responses in terms of magnitude and timing, thereby improving the potency and safety of therapeutic cells. Furthermore, pre-clinical engineered cells targeting other chronic diseases are gathering increasing attention, and this review discusses the path forward for achieving clinical success. With synthetic biology at the forefront, cellular therapeutics holds great promise for groundbreaking treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Teixeira
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichKlingelbergstrasse 48BaselCH‐4056Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichKlingelbergstrasse 48BaselCH‐4056Switzerland
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 48BaselCH‐4056Switzerland
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10
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Wemlinger SM, Cambier JC. Therapeutic tactics for targeting B lymphocytes in autoimmunity and cancer. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2249947. [PMID: 37816494 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202249947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
B lymphocytes have become a very popular therapeutic target in a number of autoimmune indications due to their newly appreciated roles, and approachability, in these diseases. Many of the therapies now applied in autoimmunity were initially developed to deplete malignant B cells. These strategies have also been found to benefit patients suffering from such autoimmune diseases as multiple sclerosis, type I diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis, to name a few. These observations have supported the expansion of research addressing the mechanistic contributions of B cells in these diseases, as well as blossoming of therapeutics that target them. This review seeks to summarize cutting-edge modalities for targeting B cells, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, chimeric antigen receptor-T cells, and small molecule inhibitors. Efforts to refine B-cell targeted therapy to eliminate only pathogenic autoreactive cells will be addressed as well as the potential for future B-cell-based cellular therapeutics. Finally, we also address approaches that seek to silence B-cell function without depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Wemlinger
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John C Cambier
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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David M, Monteferrario D, Saviane G, Jeanneau C, Marchetti I, Dupont CF, Dumont C, Fontenot JD, Rosa MDL, Fenard D. Production of therapeutic levels of human FIX-R338L by engineered B cells using GMP-compatible medium. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 31:101111. [PMID: 37790246 PMCID: PMC10543988 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
B cells can differentiate into plasmablast and plasma cells, capable of producing antibodies for decades. Gene editing using zinc-finger nucleases (ZFN) enables the engineering of B cells capable of secreting sustained and high levels of therapeutic proteins. In this study, we established an advanced in vitro good manufacturing practice-compatible culturing system characterized by robust and consistent expansion rate, high viability, and efficient B cell differentiation. Using this process, an optimized B cell editing protocol was developed by combining ZFN/adeno-associated virus 6 technology to achieve site-specific insertion of the human factor IX R338L Padua into the silent TRAC locus. In vitro analysis revealed high levels of secreted human immunoglobulins and human factor IX-Padua. Following intravenous infusion in a mouse model, human plasma cells were detected in spleen and bone marrow, indicating successful and potentially long-term engraftment in vivo. Moreover, high levels of human immunoglobin and therapeutic levels of human factor IX-Padua were detected in mouse plasma, correlating with 15% of normal human factor IX activity. These data suggest that the proposed process promotes the production of functional and differentiated engineered B cells. In conclusion, this study represents an important step toward the development of a manufacturing platform for potential B cell-derived therapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion David
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Davide Monteferrario
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Gaëlle Saviane
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Caroline Jeanneau
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Irène Marchetti
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Coralie F. Dupont
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Céline Dumont
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Jason D. Fontenot
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005, USA
| | - Maurus de la Rosa
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - David Fenard
- Sangamo Therapeutics France, Allée de la Nertière, F-06560 Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
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12
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Fu ZH, He SZ, Wu Y, Zhao GR. Design and deep learning of synthetic B-cell-specific promoters. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11967-11979. [PMID: 37889080 PMCID: PMC10681721 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology and deep learning synergistically revolutionize our ability for decoding and recoding DNA regulatory grammar. The B-cell-specific transcriptional regulation is intricate, and unlock the potential of B-cell-specific promoters as synthetic elements is important for B-cell engineering. Here, we designed and pooled synthesized 23 640 B-cell-specific promoters that exhibit larger sequence space, B-cell-specific expression, and enable diverse transcriptional patterns in B-cells. By MPRA (Massively parallel reporter assays), we deciphered the sequence features that regulate promoter transcriptional, including motifs and motif syntax (their combination and distance). Finally, we built and trained a deep learning model capable of predicting the transcriptional strength of the immunoglobulin V gene promoter directly from sequence. Prediction of thousands of promoter variants identified in the global human population shows that polymorphisms in promoters influence the transcription of immunoglobulin V genes, which may contribute to individual differences in adaptive humoral immune responses. Our work helps to decipher the transcription mechanism in immunoglobulin genes and offers thousands of non-similar promoters for B-cell engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Heng Fu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontiers Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Si-Zhe He
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontiers Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontiers Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guang-Rong Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontiers Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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13
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Rice-Boucher PJ, Mendonça SA, Alvarez AB, Sturtz AJ, Lorincz R, Dmitriev IP, Kashentseva EA, Lu ZH, Romano R, Selby M, Pingale K, Curiel DT. Adenoviral vectors infect B lymphocytes in vivo. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2600-2611. [PMID: 37452494 PMCID: PMC10492023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells are the antibody-producing arm of the adaptive immune system and play a critical role in controlling pathogens. Several groups have now demonstrated the feasibility of using engineered B cells as a therapy, including infectious disease control and gene therapy of serum deficiencies. These studies have largely utilized ex vivo modification of the cells. Direct in vivo engineering would be of utility to the field, particularly in infectious disease control where the infrastructure needs of ex vivo cell modification would make a broad vaccination campaign highly challenging. In this study we demonstrate that engineered adenoviral vectors are capable of efficiently transducing murine and human primary B cells both ex vivo and in vivo. We found that unmodified human adenovirus C5 was capable of infecting B cells in vivo, likely due to interactions between the virus penton base protein and integrins. We further describe vector modification with B cell-specific gene promoters and successfully restrict transgene expression to B cells, resulting in a strong reduction in gene expression from the liver, the main site of human adenovirus C5 infection in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Rice-Boucher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samir Andrade Mendonça
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aluet Borrego Alvarez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alexandria J Sturtz
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Reka Lorincz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Igor P Dmitriev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elena A Kashentseva
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zhi Hong Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rosa Romano
- Walking Fish Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark Selby
- Walking Fish Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kunal Pingale
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David T Curiel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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14
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Hill TF, Narvekar P, Asher G, Camp N, Thomas KR, Tasian SK, Rawlings DJ, James RG. Human plasma cells engineered to secrete bispecifics drive effective in vivo leukemia killing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554523. [PMID: 37662410 PMCID: PMC10473709 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies are an important tool for the management and treatment of acute leukemias. Advances in genome-engineering have enabled the generation of human plasma cells that secrete therapeutic proteins and are capable of long-term in vivo engraftment in humanized mouse models. As a next step towards clinical translation of engineered plasma cells (ePCs) towards cancer therapy, here we describe approaches for the expression and secretion of bispecific antibodies by human plasma cells. We show that human ePCs expressing either fragment crystallizable domain deficient anti-CD19 × anti-CD3 (blinatumomab) or anti-CD33 × anti-CD3 bispecific antibodies mediate T cell activation and direct T cell killing of specific primary human cell subsets and B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia cell lines in vitro. We demonstrate that knockout of the self-expressed antigen, CD19, boosts anti-CD19 bispecific secretion by ePCs and prevents self-targeting. Further, anti-CD19 bispecific-ePCs elicited tumor eradication in vivo following local delivery in flank-implanted Raji lymphoma cells. Finally, immunodeficient mice engrafted with anti-CD19 bispecific-ePCs and autologous T cells potently prevented in vivo growth of CD19+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia in patient-derived xenografts. Collectively, these findings support further development of ePCs for use as a durable, local delivery system for the treatment of acute leukemias, and potentially other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler F. Hill
- University of Washington, Medical Scientist Training Program, Seattle WA
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle WA
| | - Parnal Narvekar
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle WA
| | - Gregory Asher
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle WA
| | - Nathan Camp
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle WA
| | - Kerri R. Thomas
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle WA
| | - Sarah K. Tasian
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Philadelphia PA
- Department of Pediatrics and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia PA
| | - David J. Rawlings
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle WA
- University of Washington, Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, Seattle WA
| | - Richard G. James
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Immunity and Immunotherapy, Seattle WA
- University of Washington, Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Seattle WA
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15
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Teixeira AP, Xue S, Huang J, Fussenegger M. Evolution of molecular switches for regulation of transgene expression by clinically licensed gluconate. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:e85. [PMID: 37497781 PMCID: PMC10450161 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology holds great promise to improve the safety and efficacy of future gene and engineered cell therapies by providing new means of endogenous or exogenous control of the embedded therapeutic programs. Here, we focused on gluconate as a clinically licensed small-molecule inducer and engineered gluconate-sensitive molecular switches to regulate transgene expression in human cell cultures and in mice. Several switch designs were assembled based on the gluconate-responsive transcriptional repressor GntR from Escherichia coli. Initially we assembled OFF- and ON-type switches by rewiring the native gluconate-dependent binding of GntR to target DNA sequences in mammalian cells. Then, we utilized the ability of GntR to dimerize in the presence of gluconate to activate gene expression from a split transcriptional activator. By means of random mutagenesis of GntR combined with phenotypic screening, we identified variants that significantly enhanced the functionality of the genetic devices, enabling the construction of robust two-input logic gates. We also demonstrated the potential utility of the synthetic switch in two in vivo settings, one employing implantation of alginate-encapsulated engineered cells and the other involving modification of host cells by DNA delivery. Then, as proof-of-concept, the gluconate-actuated genetic switch was connected to insulin secretion, and the components encoding gluconate-induced insulin production were introduced into type-1 diabetic mice as naked DNA via hydrodynamic tail vein injection. Normoglycemia was restored, thereby showcasing the suitability of oral gluconate to regulate in situ production of a therapeutic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Palma Teixeira
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shuai Xue
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jinbo Huang
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Rogers GL, Huang C, Mathur A, Huang X, Chen HY, Stanten K, Morales H, Chang CH, Kezirian EJ, Cannon PM. Reprogramming human B cells with custom heavy chain antibodies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.28.546944. [PMID: 37425794 PMCID: PMC10327003 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.546944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
We describe a genome editing strategy to reprogram the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus of human B cells to express custom molecules that respond to immunization. These heavy chain antibodies (HCAbs) comprise a custom antigen-recognition domain linked to an Fc domain derived from the IgH locus and can be differentially spliced to express either B cell receptor (BCR) or secreted antibody isoforms. The HCAb editing platform is highly flexible, supporting antigen-binding domains based on both antibody and non-antibody components, and also allowing alterations in the Fc domain. Using HIV Env protein as a model antigen, we show that B cells edited to express anti-Env HCAbs support the regulated expression of both BCRs and antibodies, and respond to Env antigen in a tonsil organoid model of immunization. In this way, human B cells can be reprogrammed to produce customized therapeutic molecules with the potential for in vivo amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey L. Rogers
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chun Huang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Atishay Mathur
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hsu-Yu Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kalya Stanten
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Heidy Morales
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chan-Hua Chang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eric J. Kezirian
- Department of Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paula M. Cannon
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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17
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Cheng RYH, de Rutte J, Ito CEK, Ott AR, Bosler L, Kuo WY, Liang J, Hall BE, Rawlings DJ, Di Carlo D, James RG. SEC-seq: association of molecular signatures with antibody secretion in thousands of single human plasma cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3567. [PMID: 37322036 PMCID: PMC10272111 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The secreted products of cells drive many functions in vivo; however, methods to link this functional information to surface markers and transcriptomes have been lacking. By accumulating secretions close to secreting cells held within cavity-containing hydrogel nanovials, we demonstrate workflows to analyze the amount of IgG secreted from single human B cells and link this information to surface markers and transcriptomes from the same cells. Measurements using flow cytometry and imaging flow cytometry corroborate the association between IgG secretion and CD38/CD138. By using oligonucleotide-labeled antibodies we find that upregulation of pathways for protein localization to the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are most associated with high IgG secretion, and uncover surrogate plasma cell surface markers (e.g., CD59) defined by the ability to secrete IgG. Altogether, this method links quantity of secretion with single-cell sequencing (SEC-seq) and enables researchers to fully explore the links between genome and function, laying the foundation for discoveries in immunology, stem cell biology, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Yu-Hong Cheng
- Center of Immunotherapy and Immunity, Seattle Children Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Molecular Engineering and Science Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Cade Ellis K Ito
- Center of Immunotherapy and Immunity, Seattle Children Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Andee R Ott
- Center of Immunotherapy and Immunity, Seattle Children Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Lucie Bosler
- Partillion Bioscience, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wei-Ying Kuo
- Partillion Bioscience, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jesse Liang
- Partillion Bioscience, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - David J Rawlings
- Center of Immunotherapy and Immunity, Seattle Children Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Partillion Bioscience, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Richard G James
- Center of Immunotherapy and Immunity, Seattle Children Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
- Molecular Engineering and Science Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Brotman-Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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18
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Vamva E, Ozog S, Leaman DP, Yu-Hong Cheng R, Irons NJ, Ott A, Stoffers C, Khan I, Goebrecht GK, Gardner MR, Farzan M, Rawlings DJ, Zwick MB, James RG, Torbett BE. A lentiviral vector B cell gene therapy platform for the delivery of the anti-HIV-1 eCD4-Ig-knob-in-hole-reversed immunoadhesin. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 28:366-384. [PMID: 36879849 PMCID: PMC9984920 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Barriers to effective gene therapy for many diseases include the number of modified target cells required to achieve therapeutic outcomes and host immune responses to expressed therapeutic proteins. As long-lived cells specialized for protein secretion, antibody-secreting B cells are an attractive target for foreign protein expression in blood and tissue. To neutralize HIV-1, we developed a lentiviral vector (LV) gene therapy platform for delivery of the anti-HIV-1 immunoadhesin, eCD4-Ig, to B cells. The EμB29 enhancer/promoter in the LV limited gene expression in non-B cell lineages. By engineering a knob-in-hole-reversed (KiHR) modification in the CH3-Fc eCD4-Ig domain, we reduced interactions between eCD4-Ig and endogenous B cell immunoglobulin G proteins, which improved HIV-1 neutralization potency. Unlike previous approaches in non-lymphoid cells, eCD4-Ig-KiHR produced in B cells promoted HIV-1 neutralizing protection without requiring exogenous TPST2, a tyrosine sulfation enzyme required for eCD4-Ig-KiHR function. This finding indicated that B cell machinery is well suited to produce therapeutic proteins. Lastly, to overcome the inefficient transduction efficiency associated with VSV-G LV delivery to primary B cells, an optimized measles pseudotyped LV packaging methodology achieved up to 75% transduction efficiency. Overall, our findings support the utility of B cell gene therapy platforms for therapeutic protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Vamva
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stosh Ozog
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel P. Leaman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rene Yu-Hong Cheng
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Irons
- Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andee Ott
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claire Stoffers
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Iram Khan
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Matthew R. Gardner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - David J. Rawlings
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael B. Zwick
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard G. James
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruce E. Torbett
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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