1
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Agrawal P, Zhuang S, Dreher S, Mitter S, Ahmed D. SonoPrint: Acoustically Assisted Volumetric 3D Printing for Composites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2408374. [PMID: 39049689 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Advances in additive manufacturing in composites have transformed aerospace, medical devices, tissue engineering, and electronics. A key aspect of enhancing properties of 3D-printed objects involves fine-tuning the material by embedding and orienting reinforcement within the structure. Existing methods for orienting these reinforcements are limited by pattern types, alignment, and particle characteristics. Acoustics offers a versatile method to control the particles independent of their size, geometry, and charge, enabling intricate pattern formations. However, integrating acoustics into 3D printing has been challenging due to the scattering of the acoustic field between polymerized layers and unpolymerized resin, resulting in unwanted patterns. To address this challenge, SonoPrint, an innovative acoustically assisted volumetric 3D printer is developed that enables simultaneous reinforcement patterning and printing of the entire structure. SonoPrint generates mechanically tunable composite geometries by embedding reinforcement particles, such as microscopic glass, metal, and polystyrene, within the fabricated structure. This printer employs a standing wave field to create targeted particle motifs-including parallel lines, radial lines, circles, rhombuses, hexagons, and polygons-directly in the photosensitive resin, completing the print in just a few minutes. SonoPrint enhances structural properties and promises to advance volumetric printing, unlocking applications in tissue engineering, biohybrid robots, and composite fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajwal Agrawal
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shengyang Zhuang
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Dreher
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarthak Mitter
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Kim Y, Yao K, Ponce C, Zheng Y. Optical Actuation of Nanoparticle-Loaded Liquid-Liquid Interfaces for Active Photonics. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15627-15637. [PMID: 38850254 PMCID: PMC11299852 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid interfaces hold the potential to serve as versatile platforms for dynamic processes, due to their inherent fluidity and capacity to accommodate surface-active materials. This study explores laser-driven actuation of liquid-liquid interfaces with and without loading of gold nanoparticles and further exploits the laser-actuated interfaces with nanoparticles for tunable photonics. Upon laser exposure, gold nanoparticles were rearranged along the interface, enabling the reconfigurable, small-aperture modulation of light transmission and the tunable lensing effect. Adapting the principles of optical and optothermal tweezers, we interpreted the underlying mechanisms of actuation and modulation as a synergy of optomechanical and optothermal effects. Our findings provide an analytical framework for understanding microscopic interfacial behaviors, contributing to potential applications in tunable photonics and interfacial material engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsun Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kan Yao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Carolina Ponce
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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3
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Xu M, Vidler C, Wang J, Chen X, Pan Z, Harley WS, Lee PVS, Collins DJ. Micro-Acoustic Holograms for Detachable Microfluidic Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307529. [PMID: 38174594 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic microfluidic devices have advantages for diagnostic applications, therapeutic solutions, and fundamental research due to their contactless operation, simple design, and biocompatibility. However, most acoustofluidic approaches are limited to forming simple and fixed acoustic patterns, or have limited resolution. In this study,a detachable microfluidic device is demonstrated employing miniature acoustic holograms to create reconfigurable, flexible, and high-resolution acoustic fields in microfluidic channels, where the introduction of a solid coupling layer makes these holograms easy to fabricate and integrate. The application of this method to generate flexible acoustic fields, including shapes, characters, and arbitrarily rotated patterns, within microfluidic channels, is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Callum Vidler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jizhen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Zijian Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - William S Harley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter V S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Graeme Clarke Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Graeme Clarke Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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4
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Liu B, Cheng Y, Pan X, Yang W, Li X, Wang L, Ye H, Pan T. Multicolor-Assay-on-a-Chip Processed by Robotic Operation (MACpro) with Improved Diagnostic Accuracy for Field-Deployable Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6634-6642. [PMID: 38622069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The ability to deploy decentralized laboratories with autonomous and reliable disease diagnosis holds the potential to deliver accessible healthcare services for public safety. While microfluidic technologies provide precise manipulation of small fluid volumes with improved assay performance, their limited automation and versatility confine them to laboratories. Herein, we report the utility of multicolor assay-on-a-chip processed by robotic operation (MACpro), to address this unmet need. The MACpro platform comprises a robot-microfluidic interface and an eye-in-hand module that provides flexible yet stable actions to execute tasks in a programmable manner, such as the precise manipulation of the microfluidic chip along with different paths. Notably, MACpro shows improved detection performance by integrating the microbead-based antibody immobilization with enhanced target recognition and multicolor sensing via Cu2+-catalyzed plasmonic etching of gold nanorods for rapid and sensitive analyte quantification. Using interferon-gamma as an example, we demonstrate that MACpro completes a sample-to-answer immunoassay within 30 min and achieves a 10-fold broader dynamic range and a 10-fold lower detection limit compared to standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (0.66 vs 5.2 pg/mL). MACpro extends the applications beyond traditional laboratories and presents an automated solution to expand diagnostic capacity in diverse settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyao Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
- Center for Intelligent Medical Equipment and Devices, Institute for Innovative Medical Devices, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yixin Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
- Center for Intelligent Medical Equipment and Devices, Institute for Innovative Medical Devices, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Pan
- Center for Intelligent Medical Equipment and Devices, Institute for Innovative Medical Devices, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Wen Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
- Center for Intelligent Medical Equipment and Devices, Institute for Innovative Medical Devices, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xiangpeng Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Lele Wang
- Shenzhen Shaanxi Coal Hi-tech Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518107, P.R. China
| | - Haihang Ye
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
- Center for Intelligent Medical Equipment and Devices, Institute for Innovative Medical Devices, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Tingrui Pan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
- Center for Intelligent Medical Equipment and Devices, Institute for Innovative Medical Devices, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
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Hong X, Xu B, Li G, Nan F, Wang X, Liang Q, Dong W, Dong W, Sun H, Zhang Y, Li C, Fu R, Wang Z, Shen G, Wang Y, Yao Y, Zhang S, Li J. Optoelectronically navigated nano-kirigami microrotors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn7582. [PMID: 38657056 PMCID: PMC11042735 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn7582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of micro/nanofabrication technologies, the concept of transformable kirigami has been applied for device fabrication in the microscopic world. However, most nano-kirigami structures and devices were typically fabricated or transformed at fixed positions and restricted to limited mechanical motion along a single axis due to their small sizes, which significantly limits their functionalities and applications. Here, we demonstrate the precise shaping and position control of nano-kirigami microrotors. Metallic microrotors with size of ~10 micrometers were deliberately released from the substrates and readily manipulated through the multimode actuation with controllable speed and direction using an advanced optoelectronic tweezers technique. The underlying mechanisms of versatile interactions between the microrotors and electric field are uncovered by theoretical modeling and systematic analysis. This work reports a novel methodology to fabricate and manipulate micro/nanorotors with well-designed and sophisticated kirigami morphologies, providing new solutions for future advanced optoelectronic micro/nanomachinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Hong
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bingrui Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fan Nan
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenbo Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weikang Dong
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haozhe Sun
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongyue Zhang
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chongrui Li
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rongxin Fu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Engineering Research Center of Integrated Acousto-opto-electronic Microsystems (Ministry of Education of China), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Engineering Research Center of Integrated Acousto-opto-electronic Microsystems (Ministry of Education of China), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Engineering Research Center of Integrated Acousto-opto-electronic Microsystems (Ministry of Education of China), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yugui Yao
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuailong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Engineering Research Center of Integrated Acousto-opto-electronic Microsystems (Ministry of Education of China), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiafang Li
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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6
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Chen W, Xia M, Zhu W, Xu Z, Cai B, Shen H. A bio-fabricated tesla valves and ultrasound waves-powered blood plasma viscometer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1394373. [PMID: 38720878 PMCID: PMC11076727 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1394373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There is clinical evidence that the fresh blood viscosity is an important indicator in the development of vascular disorder and coagulation. However, existing clinical viscosity measurement techniques lack the ability to measure blood viscosity and replicate the in-vivo hemodynamics simultaneously. Methods: Here, we fabricate a novel digital device, called Tesla valves and ultrasound waves-powered blood plasma viscometer (TUBPV) which shows capacities in both viscosity measurement and coagulation monitoring. Results: Based on the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, viscosity analysis can be faithfully performed by a video microscopy. Tesla-like channel ensured unidirectional liquid motion with stable pressure driven that was triggered by the interaction of Tesla valve structure and ultrasound waves. In few seconds the TUBPV can generate an accurate viscosity profile on clinic fresh blood samples from the flow time evaluation. Besides, Tesla-inspired microchannels can be used in the real-time coagulation monitoring. Discussion: These results indicate that the TUBVP can serve as a point-of-care device in the ICU to evaluate the blood's viscosity and the anticoagulation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mao Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiye Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Cai
- School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Wu Y, Gai J, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Liu Y. Acoustofluidic Actuation of Living Cells. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:466. [PMID: 38675277 PMCID: PMC11052308 DOI: 10.3390/mi15040466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Acoutofluidics is an increasingly developing and maturing technical discipline. With the advantages of being label-free, non-contact, bio-friendly, high-resolution, and remote-controllable, it is very suitable for the operation of living cells. After decades of fundamental laboratory research, its technical principles have become increasingly clear, and its manufacturing technology has gradually become popularized. Presently, various imaginative applications continue to emerge and are constantly being improved. Here, we introduce the development of acoustofluidic actuation technology from the perspective of related manipulation applications on living cells. Among them, we focus on the main development directions such as acoustofluidic sorting, acoustofluidic tissue engineering, acoustofluidic microscopy, and acoustofluidic biophysical therapy. This review aims to provide a concise summary of the current state of research and bridge past developments with future directions, offering researchers a comprehensive overview and sparking innovation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA;
| | - Junyang Gai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA;
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA;
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8
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Harley WS, Kolesnik K, Heath DE, Collins DJ. Enhanced acoustic streaming effects via sharp-edged 3D microstructures. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1626-1635. [PMID: 38357759 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00742a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Acoustofluidic micromanipulation is an important tool for biomedical research, where acoustic forces offer the ability to manipulate fluids, cells, and particles in a rapid, biocompatible, and contact-free manner. Of particular interest is the investigation of acoustically driven sharp edges, where high tip velocity magnitudes and strong acoustic potential gradients drive rapid motion. Whereas prior devices utilizing 2D sharp edges have demonstrated promise for micromanipulation activities, taking advantage of 3D structures has the potential to increase their performance and the range of manipulation activities. In this work, we investigate high-magnitude acoustic streaming fields in the vicinity of sharp-edged, sub-wavelength 3D microstructures. We numerically model and experimentally demonstrate this in fabricating parametrically configured 3D microstructures whose tip-angle and geometry influence acoustic streaming velocities and the complexity of streaming vortices, finding that the simulated and realized velocities and streaming patterns are both tunable and a function of microstructure shape. These sharp-edge interfaces hold promise for biomedical studies benefiting from precise and targeted micromanipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Harley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
- Micro Nano Research Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kirill Kolesnik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel E Heath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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Bai C, Tang X, Li Y, Arai T, Huang Q, Liu X. Acoustohydrodynamic micromixers: Basic mixing principles, programmable mixing prospectives, and biomedical applications. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:021505. [PMID: 38659428 PMCID: PMC11037935 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Acoustohydrodynamic micromixers offer excellent mixing efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and flexible controllability compared with conventional micromixers. There are two mechanisms in acoustic micromixers: indirect influence by induced streamlines, exemplified by sharp-edge micromixers, and direct influence by acoustic waves, represented by surface acoustic wave micromixers. The former utilizes sharp-edge structures, while the latter employs acoustic wave action to affect both the fluid and its particles. However, traditional micromixers with acoustic bubbles achieve significant mixing performance and numerous programmable mixing platforms provide excellent solutions with wide applicability. This review offers a comprehensive overview of various micromixers, elucidates their underlying principles, and explores their biomedical applications. In addition, advanced programmable micromixing with impressive versatility, convenience, and ability of cross-scale operations is introduced in detail. We believe this review will benefit the researchers in the biomedical field to know the micromixers and find a suitable micromixing method for their various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, and School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoqing Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, and School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Tatsuo Arai
- The Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, and School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, and School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, and School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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10
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Zhang Z, Cao Y, Caviglia S, Agrawal P, Neuhauss SCF, Ahmed D. A vibrating capillary for ultrasound rotation manipulation of zebrafish larvae. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:764-775. [PMID: 38193588 PMCID: PMC10863645 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00817g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Multifunctional micromanipulation systems have garnered significant attention due to the growing interest in biological and medical research involving model organisms like zebrafish (Danio rerio). Here, we report a novel acoustofluidic rotational micromanipulation system that offers rapid trapping, high-speed rotation, multi-angle imaging, and 3D model reconstruction of zebrafish larvae. An ultrasound-activated oscillatory glass capillary is used to trap and rotate a zebrafish larva. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that both the vibrating mode and geometric placement of the capillary contribute to the developed polarized vortices along the long axis of the capillary. Given its capacities for easy-to-operate, stable rotation, avoiding overheating, and high-throughput manipulation, our system poses the potential to accelerate zebrafish-directed biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Laboratory, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Yilin Cao
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Laboratory, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sara Caviglia
- Neuhauss Laboratory, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Prajwal Agrawal
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Laboratory, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Stephan C F Neuhauss
- Neuhauss Laboratory, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Laboratory, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Zhang Z, Shi Z, Ahmed D. SonoTransformers: Transformable acoustically activated wireless microscale machines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314661121. [PMID: 38289954 PMCID: PMC10861920 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314661121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Shape transformation, a key mechanism for organismal survival and adaptation, has gained importance in developing synthetic shape-shifting systems with diverse applications ranging from robotics to bioengineering. However, designing and controlling microscale shape-shifting materials remains a fundamental challenge in various actuation modalities. As materials and structures are scaled down to the microscale, they often exhibit size-dependent characteristics, and the underlying physical mechanisms can be significantly affected or rendered ineffective. Additionally, surface forces such as van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces become dominant at the microscale, resulting in stiction and adhesion between small structures, making them fracture and more difficult to deform. Furthermore, despite various actuation approaches, acoustics have received limited attention despite their potential advantages. Here, we introduce "SonoTransformer," the acoustically activated micromachine that delivers shape transformability using preprogrammed soft hinges with different stiffnesses. When exposed to an acoustic field, these hinges concentrate sound energy through intensified oscillation and provide the necessary force and torque for the transformation of the entire micromachine within milliseconds. We have created machine designs to predetermine the folding state, enabling precise programming and customization of the acoustic transformation. Additionally, we have shown selective shape transformable microrobots by adjusting acoustic power, realizing high degrees of control and functional versatility. Our findings open new research avenues in acoustics, physics, and soft matter, offering new design paradigms and development opportunities in robotics, metamaterials, adaptive optics, flexible electronics, and microtechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, ZurichCH-8803, Switzerland
| | - Zhan Shi
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, ZurichCH-8803, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, ZurichCH-8803, Switzerland
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12
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Dillinger C, Knipper J, Nama N, Ahmed D. Steerable acoustically powered starfish-inspired microrobot. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1125-1134. [PMID: 37946510 PMCID: PMC10795801 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03516f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Soft polymeric microrobots that can be loaded with nanocargoes and driven via external field stimuli can provide innovative solutions in various fields, including precise microscale assembly, targeted therapeutics, microsurgery, and the capture and degradation of unwanted wastewater fragments. However, in aquatic environments, it remains challenging to operate with microrobotic devices due to the predominant viscous resistances and the robots' limited actuation and sensing capabilities attributed to their miniaturization. The miniature size prevents the incorporation of onboard batteries that can provide sufficient power for propulsion and navigation, necessitating a wireless power supply. Current research examines untethered microrobot manipulation using external magnetic, electric, thermodynamic, or acoustic field-guided technologies: all strategies capable of wireless energy transmission towards sensitive and hard-to-reach locations. Nonetheless, developing a manipulation strategy that harnesses simple-to-induce strong propulsive forces in a stable manner over extended periods of time remains a significant endeavor. This study presents the fabrication and manipulation of a microrobot consisting of a magnetized soft polymeric composite material that enables a combination of stable acoustic propulsion through starfish-inspired artificial cilia and magnetic field-guided navigation. The acousto-magnetic manipulation strategy leverages the unique benefits of each applied field in the viscous-dominated microscale, namely precise magnetic orientation and strong acoustic thrust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornel Dillinger
- Acoustic Robotics and Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Justin Knipper
- Acoustic Robotics and Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Nitesh Nama
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- Acoustic Robotics and Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Smith JA, Zhang D, Balram KC. Robotic Vectorial Field Alignment for Spin-Based Quantum Sensors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304449. [PMID: 37974523 PMCID: PMC10787065 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Developing practical quantum technologies will require the exquisite manipulation of fragile systems in a robust and repeatable way. As quantum technologies move toward real world applications, from biological sensing to communication in space, increasing experimental complexity introduces constraints that can be alleviated by the introduction of new technologies. Robotics has shown tremendous progress in realizing increasingly smart, autonomous, and highly dexterous machines. Here, a robotic arm equipped with a magnet is demonstrated to sensitize an NV center quantum magnetometer in challenging conditions unachievable with standard techniques. Vector magnetic fields are generated with 1° angular and 0.1 mT amplitude accuracy and determine the orientation of a single stochastically-aligned spin-based sensor in a constrained physical environment. This work opens up the prospect of integrating robotics across many quantum degrees of freedom in constrained settings, allowing for increased prototyping speed, control, and robustness in quantum technology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe A Smith
- Quantum Engineering Technology Labs and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Bristol Robotics Laboratory and Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TW, UK
| | - Krishna C Balram
- Quantum Engineering Technology Labs and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1FD, UK
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14
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Deliorman M, Ali DS, Qasaimeh MA. Next-Generation Microfluidics for Biomedical Research and Healthcare Applications. Biomed Eng Comput Biol 2023; 14:11795972231214387. [PMID: 38033395 PMCID: PMC10683381 DOI: 10.1177/11795972231214387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic systems offer versatile biomedical tools and methods to enhance human convenience and health. Advances in these systems enables next-generation microfluidics that integrates automation, manipulation, and smart readout systems, as well as design and three-dimensional (3D) printing for precise production of microchannels and other microstructures rapidly and with great flexibility. These 3D-printed microfluidic platforms not only control the complex fluid behavior for various biomedical applications, but also serve as microconduits for building 3D tissue constructs-an integral component of advanced drug development, toxicity assessment, and accurate disease modeling. Furthermore, the integration of other emerging technologies, such as advanced microscopy and robotics, enables the spatiotemporal manipulation and high-throughput screening of cell physiology within precisely controlled microenvironments. Notably, the portability and high precision automation capabilities in these integrated systems facilitate rapid experimentation and data acquisition to help deepen our understanding of complex biological systems and their behaviors. While certain challenges, including material compatibility, scaling, and standardization still exist, the integration with artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, smart materials, and miniaturization holds tremendous promise in reshaping traditional microfluidic approaches. This transformative potential, when integrated with advanced technologies, has the potential to revolutionize biomedical research and healthcare applications, ultimately benefiting human health. This review highlights the advances in the field and emphasizes the critical role of the next generation microfluidic systems in advancing biomedical research, point-of-care diagnostics, and healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dima Samer Ali
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad A Qasaimeh
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Wrede P, Aghakhani A, Bozuyuk U, Yildiz E, Sitti M. Acoustic Trapping and Manipulation of Hollow Microparticles under Fluid Flow Using a Single-Lens Focused Ultrasound Transducer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15. [PMID: 37917969 PMCID: PMC10658455 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Microparticle manipulation and trapping play pivotal roles in biotechnology. To achieve effective manipulation within fluidic flow conditions and confined spaces, it is necessary to consider the physical properties of microparticles and the types of trapping forces applied. While acoustic waves have shown potential for manipulating microparticles, the existing setups involve complex actuation mechanisms and unstable microbubbles. Consequently, the need persists for an easily deployable acoustic actuation setup with stable microparticles. Here, we propose the use of hollow borosilicate microparticles possessing a rigid thin shell, which can be efficiently trapped and manipulated using a single-lens focused ultrasound (FUS) transducer under physiologically relevant flow conditions. These hollow microparticles offer stability and advantageous acoustic properties. They can be scaled up and mass-produced, making them suitable for systemic delivery. Our research demonstrates the successful trapping dynamics of FUS within circular tubings of varying diameters, validating the effectiveness of the method under realistic flow rates and ultrasound amplitudes. We also showcase the ability to remove hollow microparticles by steering the FUS transducer against the flow. Furthermore, we present potential biomedical applications, such as active cell tagging and navigation in bifurcated channels as well as ultrasound imaging in mouse cadaver liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Wrede
- Physical
Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute
for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Amirreza Aghakhani
- Physical
Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute
for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ugur Bozuyuk
- Physical
Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute
for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Erdost Yildiz
- Physical
Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute
for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical
Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute
for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute
for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- School
of Medicine and School of Engineering, Koç
University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
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16
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Kshetri KG, Nama N. Acoustophoresis around an elastic scatterer in a standing wave field. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:045102. [PMID: 37978594 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.045102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Acoustofluidic systems often employ prefabricated acoustic scatterers that perturb the imposed acoustic field to realize the acoustophoresis of immersed microparticles. We present a numerical study to investigate the time-averaged streaming and radiation force fields around a scatterer. Based on the streaming and radiation force field, we obtain the trajectories of the immersed microparticles with varying sizes and identify a critical transition size at which the motion of immersed microparticles in the vicinity of a prefabricated scatterer shifts from being streaming dominated to radiation dominated. We consider a range of acoustic frequencies to reveal that the critical transition size decreases with increasing frequency; this result explains the choice of acoustic frequencies in previously reported experimental studies. We also examine the impact of scatterer material and fluid properties on the streaming and radiation force fields, as well as on the critical transition size. Our results demonstrate that the critical transition size decreases with an increase in acoustic contrast factor: a nondimensional quantity that depends on material properties of the scatterer and the fluid. Our results provide a pathway to realize radiation force based manipulation of small particles by increasing the acoustic contrast factor of the scatterer, lowering the kinematic viscosity of the fluid, and increasing the acoustic frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khemraj Gautam Kshetri
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Nitesh Nama
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
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17
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Deng Y, Paskert A, Zhang Z, Wittkowski R, Ahmed D. An acoustically controlled helical microrobot. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh5260. [PMID: 37729400 PMCID: PMC10511192 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh5260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
As a next-generation toolkit, microrobots can transform a wide range of fields, including micromanufacturing, electronics, microfluidics, tissue engineering, and medicine. While still in their infancy, acoustically actuated microrobots are becoming increasingly attractive. However, the interaction of acoustics with microstructure geometry is poorly understood, and its study is necessary for developing next-generation acoustically powered microrobots. We present an acoustically driven helical microrobot with a length of 350 μm and a diameter of 100 μm that is capable of locomotion using a fin-like double-helix microstructure. This microrobot responds to sound stimuli at ~12 to 19 kHz and mimics the spiral motion of natural microswimmers such as spirochetes. The asymmetric double helix interacts with the incident acoustic field, inducing a propulsion torque that causes the microrobot to rotate around its long axis. Moreover, our microrobot has the unique feature of its directionality being switchable by simply tuning the acoustic frequency. We demonstrate this locomotion in 2D and 3D artificial vasculatures using a single sound source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Deng
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Rüschlikon CH-8803, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Paskert
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Rüschlikon CH-8803, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Wittkowski
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Rüschlikon CH-8803, Switzerland
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18
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Liu Y, Wen Z, Huang Z, Wang Y, Chen Z, Lai S, Chen S, Zhou Y. Liquid Phase Graphene Exfoliation with a Vibration-Based Acoustofluidic Effector. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1718. [PMID: 37763883 PMCID: PMC10534619 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) has emerged as a promising method for the industrial-scale production of graphene. However, one of its critical steps, namely sonication, has faced challenges due to high power consumption and low efficiency, leading to limited applicability in industrial settings. This study introduces a novel, cost-effective microfluidic sonication device designed to significantly reduce power consumption while efficiently assisting the LPE process for graphene production. By coupling a capillary with a buzzer and applying an appropriate electric signal, simulation and particle tracing experiments reveal the generation of robust shear forces resulting from acoustic streaming and cavitation when the capillary end is immersed in the liquid. For the first time, the capillary-based sonication device was effectively utilized for graphene exfoliation in a DMF (N,N-Dimethylformamide) + NaOH liquid phase system. The SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and Raman characterization results corroborate the successful exfoliation of 100 nm with thicknesses below 10 nm graphene sheets from graphite flakes using this pioneering device. The values of I2D/IG increase after processing, which suggests the exfoliation of graphite flakes into thinner graphene sheets. The vibration-based acoustofluidic effector represents a versatile and scalable miniature device, capable of being employed individually for small-batch production, thereby optimizing the utilization of raw 2D materials, particularly in experimental scenarios. Alternatively, it holds the potential for large-scale manufacturing through extensive parallelization, offering distinct advantages in terms of cost-efficiency and minimal power consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yinning Zhou
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (Y.L.); (Z.W.); (Z.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.C.); (S.L.); (S.C.)
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19
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Janiak J, Li Y, Ferry Y, Doinikov AA, Ahmed D. Acoustic microbubble propulsion, train-like assembly and cargo transport. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4705. [PMID: 37543657 PMCID: PMC10404234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving controlled mobility of microparticles in viscous fluids can become pivotal in biologics, biotechniques, and biomedical applications. The self-assembly, trapping, and transport of microparticles are being explored in active matter, micro and nanorobotics, and microfluidics; however, little work has been done in acoustics, particularly in active matter and robotics. This study reports the discovery and characterization of microbubble behaviors in a viscous gel that is confined to a slight opening between glass boundaries in an acoustic field. Where incident waves encounter a narrow slit, acoustic pressure is amplified, causing the microbubbles to nucleate and cavitate within it. Intermittent activation transforms microbubbles from spherical to ellipsoidal, allowing them to be trapped within the interstice. Continuous activation propels ellipsoidal microbubbles through shape and volume modes that is developed at their surfaces. Ensembles of microbubbles self-assemble into a train-like arrangement, which in turn capture, transport, and release microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Janiak
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, CH-8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Yuyang Li
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, CH-8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Yann Ferry
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, CH-8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A Doinikov
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, CH-8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- Acoustic Robotics Systems Lab (ARSL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, CH-8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
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20
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Liu Y, Yin Q, Luo Y, Huang Z, Cheng Q, Zhang W, Zhou B, Zhou Y, Ma Z. Manipulation with sound and vibration: A review on the micromanipulation system based on sub-MHz acoustic waves. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 96:106441. [PMID: 37216791 PMCID: PMC10213378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of micro-objects have been playing an essential role in biochemical analysis or clinical diagnostics. Among the diverse technologies for micromanipulation, acoustic methods show the advantages of good biocompatibility, wide tunability, a label-free and contactless manner. Thus, acoustic micromanipulations have been widely exploited in micro-analysis systems. In this article, we reviewed the acoustic micromanipulation systems that were actuated by sub-MHz acoustic waves. In contrast to the high-frequency range, the acoustic microsystems operating at sub-MHz acoustic frequency are more accessible, whose acoustic sources are at low cost and even available from daily acoustic devices (e.g. buzzers, speakers, piezoelectric plates). The broad availability, with the addition of the advantages of acoustic micromanipulation, make sub-MHz microsystems promising for a variety of biomedical applications. Here, we review recent progresses in sub-MHz acoustic micromanipulation technologies, focusing on their applications in biomedical fields. These technologies are based on the basic acoustic phenomenon, such as cavitation, acoustic radiation force, and acoustic streaming. And categorized by their applications, we introduce these systems for mixing, pumping and droplet generation, separation and enrichment, patterning, rotation, propulsion and actuation. The diverse applications of these systems hold great promise for a wide range of enhancements in biomedicines and attract increasing interest for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Qiu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yucheng Luo
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Quansheng Cheng
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bingpu Zhou
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yinning Zhou
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Zhichao Ma
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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21
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Zhang Z, Sukhov A, Harting J, Malgaretti P, Ahmed D. Rolling microswarms along acoustic virtual walls. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7347. [PMID: 36446799 PMCID: PMC9708833 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rolling is a ubiquitous transport mode utilized by living organisms and engineered systems. However, rolling at the microscale has been constrained by the requirement of a physical boundary to break the spatial homogeneity of surrounding mediums, which limits its prospects for navigation to locations with no boundaries. Here, in the absence of real boundaries, we show that microswarms can execute rolling along virtual walls in liquids, impelled by a combination of magnetic and acoustic fields. A rotational magnetic field causes individual particles to self-assemble and rotate, while the pressure nodes of an acoustic standing wave field serve as virtual walls. The acoustic radiation force pushes the microswarms towards a virtual wall and provides the reaction force needed to break their fore-aft motion symmetry and induce rolling along arbitrary trajectories. The concept of reconfigurable virtual walls overcomes the fundamental limitation of a physical boundary being required for universal rolling movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Acoustic Robotics Systems Laboratory, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8803 Switzerland
| | - Alexander Sukhov
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XHelmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Erlangen, 91058 Germany
| | - Jens Harting
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XHelmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Erlangen, 91058 Germany ,grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, 90429 Germany
| | - Paolo Malgaretti
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XHelmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Erlangen, 91058 Germany
| | - Daniel Ahmed
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Acoustic Robotics Systems Laboratory, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8803 Switzerland
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22
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Vashist V, Banthia N, Kumar S, Agrawal P. A systematic review on materials, design, and manufacturing of swabs. ANNALS OF 3D PRINTED MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stlm.2022.100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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