1
|
Pols M, Brocks G, Calero S, Tao S. Temperature-Dependent Chirality in Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:8057-8064. [PMID: 39083667 PMCID: PMC11318036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
With the use of chiral organic cations in two-dimensional metal halide perovskites, chirality can be induced in the metal halide layers, which results in semiconductors with intriguing chiral optical and spin-selective transport properties. The chiral properties strongly depend upon the temperature, despite the basic crystal symmetry not changing fundamentally. We identify a set of descriptors that characterize the chirality of metal halide perovskites, such as MBA2PbI4, and study their temperature dependence using molecular dynamics simulations with on-the-fly machine-learning force fields obtained from density functional theory calculations. We find that, whereas the arrangement of organic cations remains chiral upon increasing the temperature, the inorganic framework loses this property more rapidly. We ascribe this to the breaking of hydrogen bonds that link the organic with the inorganic substructures, which leads to a loss of chirality transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mike Pols
- Materials
Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics and Science
Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Geert Brocks
- Materials
Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics and Science
Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Computational
Chemical Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute
for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Sofía Calero
- Materials
Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics and Science
Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Shuxia Tao
- Materials
Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics and Science
Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Balduini F, Molinari A, Rocchino L, Hasse V, Felser C, Sousa M, Zota C, Schmid H, Grushin AG, Gotsmann B. Intrinsic negative magnetoresistance from the chiral anomaly of multifold fermions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6526. [PMID: 39095356 PMCID: PMC11297145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The chiral anomaly - a hallmark of chiral spin-1/2 Weyl fermions - is an imbalance between left- and right-moving particles that underpins phenomena such as particle decay and negative longitudinal magnetoresistance in Weyl semimetals. The discovery that chiral crystals can host higher-spin generalizations of Weyl quasiparticles without high-energy counterparts, known as multifold fermions, raises the fundamental question of whether the chiral anomaly is a more general phenomenon. Answering this question requires materials with chiral quasiparticles within a sizable energy window around the Fermi level that are unaffected by extrinsic effects such as current jetting. Here, we report the chiral anomaly of multifold fermions in CoSi, which features multifold bands within ~0.85 eV of the Fermi level. By excluding current jetting through the squeezing test, we measure an intrinsic, longitudinal negative magnetoresistance. We develop a semiclassical theory to show that the negative magnetoresistance originates in the chiral anomaly, despite a sizable and detrimental orbital magnetic moment contribution. A concomitant non-linear Hall effect supports the multifold-fermion origin of the magnetotransport. Our work confirms the chiral anomaly of higher-spin generalizations of Weyl fermions, currently inaccessible outside solid-state platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Balduini
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, Säumerstrasse, Ruschlikon, Switzerland.
| | - Alan Molinari
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, Säumerstrasse, Ruschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Rocchino
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, Säumerstrasse, Ruschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Vicky Hasse
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marilyne Sousa
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, Säumerstrasse, Ruschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Cezar Zota
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, Säumerstrasse, Ruschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Schmid
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, Säumerstrasse, Ruschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Adolfo G Grushin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 25 Av. des Martyrs, Grenoble, France.
| | - Bernd Gotsmann
- IBM Research Europe - Zurich, Säumerstrasse, Ruschlikon, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cordova DLM, Chua K, Kerr TA, Aoki T, Knez D, Skorupskii G, Lopez D, Ziller J, Fishman DA, Arguilla MQ. Atomically precise inorganic helices with a programmable irrational twist. NATURE MATERIALS 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-01963-4. [PMID: 39060470 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Helicity in solids often arises from the precise ordering of cooperative intra- and intermolecular interactions unique to natural, organic or molecular systems. This exclusivity limited the realization of helicity and its ensuing properties in dense inorganic solids. Here we report that Ga atoms in GaSeI, a representative III-VI-VII one-dimensional (1D) van der Waals crystal, manifest the rare Boerdijk-Coxeter helix motif. This motif is a non-repeating geometric pattern characterized by 1D face-sharing tetrahedra whose adjacent vertices are rotated by an irrational angle. Using InSeI and GaSeI, we show that the modularity of 1D van der Waals lattices accommodates the systematic twisting of a periodic tetrahelix with a 41 screw axis in InSeI to an infinitely extending Boerdijk-Coxeter helix in GaSeI. GaSeI crystals are non-centrosymmetric, optically active and exfoliable to a single chain. These results present a materials platform towards understanding the origin and physical manifestation of aperiodic helicity in low-dimensional solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth Chua
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tyler A Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Toshihiro Aoki
- Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David Knez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Diana Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dmitry A Fishman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Maxx Q Arguilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dold KG, Cordova DLM, Singsen S, Nguyen JQ, Milligan GM, Marracci M, Yao ZF, Ziller JW, Fishman DA, Lee EMY, Arguilla MQ. GaSI: A Wide-Gap Non-centrosymmetric Helical Crystal. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39038204 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The complex non-centrosymmetric and chiral nature of helical structures endow materials that possess such motifs with unusual properties. However, despite their ubiquity in biological and organic systems, there is a severe lack of inorganic crystals that display helicity in extended lattices, where these unusual properties are expected to be most pronounced. Here, we report a new inorganic helical structure, gallium sulfur iodide (GaSI), within the exfoliable class of III-VI-VII (1:1:1) one-dimensional (1D) van der Waals (vdW) crystals. Through detailed structural analyses, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and density functional theory (DFT), we elucidate the apparent noncrystallographic screw axis and the first example of an atomic scale helical structure bearing a "squircular" cross-section in GaSI. Crystallizing in the non-centrosymmetric P4̅ space group, we found that GaSI crystals exhibit pronounced second-harmonic generation. From diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, GaSI displays a sizeable bandgap of 3.69 eV, owing tostrong covalent interactions arising from the smaller sulfur atoms within the helix core. These results position GaSI as a promising exfoliable nonlinear optical material across a broad optical window.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G Dold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | | | - Sirisak Singsen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joseph Q Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Griffin M Milligan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Marcus Marracci
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Dmitry A Fishman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Y Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Maxx Q Arguilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Johansson A. Theory of spin and orbital Edelstein effects. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:423002. [PMID: 38955339 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad5e2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In systems with broken spatial inversion symmetry, such as surfaces, interfaces, or bulk systems lacking an inversion center, the application of a charge current can generate finite spin and orbital densities associated with a nonequilibrium magnetization, which is known as spin and orbital Edelstein effect (SEE and OEE), respectively. Early reports on this current-induced magnetization focus on two-dimensional Rashba systems, in which an in-plane nonequilibrium spin density is generated perpendicular to the applied charge current. However, until today, a large variety of materials have been theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated to exhibit a sizeable Edelstein effect, which comprises contributions from the spin as well as the orbital degrees of freedom, and whose associated magnetization may be out of plane, nonorthogonal, and even parallel to the applied charge current, depending on the system's particular symmetries. In this review, we give an overview on the most commonly used theoretical approaches for the discussion and prediction of the SEE and OEE. Further, we introduce a selection of the most intensely discussed materials exhibiting a finite Edelstein effect, and give a brief summary of common experimental techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Johansson
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fonseca AG, Vaidya S, Christensen T, Rechtsman MC, Hughes TL, Soljačić M. Weyl Points on Nonorientable Manifolds. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:266601. [PMID: 38996300 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.266601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Weyl fermions are hypothetical chiral particles that can also manifest as excitations near three-dimensional band crossing points in lattice systems. These quasiparticles are subject to the Nielsen-Ninomiya "no-go" theorem when placed on a lattice, requiring the total chirality across the Brillouin zone to vanish. This constraint results from the topology of the (orientable) manifold on which they exist. Here, we ask to what extent the concepts of topology and chirality of Weyl points remain well defined when the underlying manifold is nonorientable. We show that the usual notion of chirality becomes ambiguous in this setting, allowing for systems with a nonzero total chirality. This circumvention of the Nielsen-Ninomiya theorem stems from a generic discontinuity of the vector field whose zeros are Weyl points. Furthermore, we discover that Weyl points on nonorientable manifolds carry an additional Z_{2} topological invariant which satisfies a different no-go theorem. We implement such Weyl points by imposing a nonsymmorphic symmetry in the momentum space of lattice models. Finally, we experimentally realize all aspects of their phenomenology in a photonic platform with synthetic momenta. Our work highlights the subtle but crucial interplay between the topology of quasiparticles and of their underlying manifold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Grossi Fonseca
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Sachin Vaidya
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Thomas Christensen
- Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Mikael C Rechtsman
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Taylor L Hughes
- Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Marin Soljačić
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Ma Y, Sun W, Li W, Li G. Structural and Electronic Chirality in Inorganic Crystals: from Construction to Application. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400436. [PMID: 38571318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Chirality represents a fundamental characteristic inherent in nature, playing a pivotal role in the emergence of homochirality and the origin of life. While the principles of chirality in organic chemistry are well-documented, the exploration of chirality within inorganic crystal structures continues to evolve. This ongoing development is primarily due to the diverse nature of crystal/amorphous structures in inorganic materials, along with the intricate symmetrical and asymmetrical relationships in the geometry of their constituent atoms. In this review, we commence with a summary of the foundational concept of chirality in molecules and solid states matters. This is followed by an introduction of structural chirality and electronic chirality in three-dimensional and two-dimensional inorganic materials. The construction of chirality in inorganic materials is classified into physical photolithography, wet-chemistry method, self-assembly, and chiral imprinting. Highlighting the significance of this field, we also summarize the research progress of chiral inorganic materials for applications in optical activity, enantiomeric recognition and chiral sensing, selective adsorption and enantioselective separation, asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, and chirality-induced spin polarization. This review aims to provide a reference for ongoing research in chiral inorganic materials and potentially stimulate innovative strategies and novel applications in the realm of chirality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuzhe Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- CISRI & NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Guowei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Okada D, Araoka F. Manipulation of Chiral Nonlinear Optical Effect by Light-Matter Strong Coupling. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38836611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Light-matter strong coupling (LMSC) is an intriguing state in which light and matter are hybridized inside a cavity. It is increasingly recognized as an excellent way to control material properties without any chemical modification. Here, we show that the LMSC is a powerful state for manipulating chiral nonlinear optical (NLO) effects through the investigation of second harmonic generation (SHG) circular dichroism. At the upper polariton band in LMSC, in addition to the enhancement of SHG by more than 1 order of magnitude, the responsivity to the handedness of circularly polarized light was largely modified, where sign inversion and increase of the dissymmetry factor were achieved. Quarter waveplate rotation analysis revealed that the LMSC clearly influenced the coefficients associated with chirality in the NLO process and also contributed to the enhancement of nonlinear magnetic dipole interactions. This study demonstrated that LMSC serves as a great platform for controlling chiral and magneto-optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Okada
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee SH, Qian Y, Yang BJ. Fermi Surface Spin Texture and Topological Superconductivity in Spin-Orbit Free Noncollinear Antiferromagnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:196602. [PMID: 38804945 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.196602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
We explore the relationship among the magnetic ordering in real space, the resulting spin texture on the Fermi surface, and the related superconducting gap structure in noncollinear antiferromagnetic metals without spin-orbit coupling. Via a perturbative approach, we show that noncollinear magnetic ordering in a metal can generate momentum-dependent spin texture on its Fermi surface, even in the absence of spin-orbit coupling, if the metal has more than three sublattices in its magnetic unit cell. Thus, our theory naturally extends the idea of altermagnetism to noncollinear spin structures. When superconductivity is developed in a magnetic metal, as the gap-opening condition is strongly constrained by the spin texture, the nodal structure of the superconducting state is also enforced by the magnetism-induced spin texture. Taking the noncollinear antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice as a representative example, we demonstrate how the Fermi surface spin texture induced by noncollinear antiferromagnetism naturally leads to odd-parity spin-triplet superconductivity with nontrivial topological properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hun Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Center for Theoretical Physics (CTP), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yuting Qian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Center for Theoretical Physics (CTP), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Bohm-Jung Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Center for Theoretical Physics (CTP), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Brinkman SS, Tan XL, Brekke B, Mathisen AC, Finnseth Ø, Schenk RJ, Hagiwara K, Huang MJ, Buck J, Kalläne M, Hoesch M, Rossnagel K, Ou Yang KH, Lin MT, Shu GJ, Chen YJ, Tusche C, Bentmann H. Chirality-Driven Orbital Angular Momentum and Circular Dichroism in CoSi. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:196402. [PMID: 38804933 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.196402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Chiral crystals and molecules were recently predicted to form an intriguing platform for unconventional orbital physics. Here, we report the observation of chirality-driven orbital textures in the bulk electronic structure of CoSi, a prototype member of the cubic B20 family of chiral crystals. Using circular dichroism in soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission, we demonstrate the formation of a bulk orbital-angular-momentum texture and monopolelike orbital-momentum locking that depends on crystal handedness. We introduce the intrinsic chiral circular dichroism, icCD, as a differential photoemission observable and a natural probe of chiral electron states. Our findings render chiral crystals promising for spin-orbitronics applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Suzanne Brinkman
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xin Liang Tan
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Bjørnulf Brekke
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Christian Mathisen
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Finnseth
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Richard Justin Schenk
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kenta Hagiwara
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Meng-Jie Huang
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Buck
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Kalläne
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Moritz Hoesch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Rossnagel
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kui-Hon Ou Yang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Minn-Tsong Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Jiun Shu
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jiun Chen
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christian Tusche
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bentmann
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun R, Wang Z, Bloom BP, Comstock AH, Yang C, McConnell A, Clever C, Molitoris M, Lamont D, Cheng ZH, Yuan Z, Zhang W, Hoffmann A, Liu J, Waldeck DH, Sun D. Colossal anisotropic absorption of spin currents induced by chirality. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn3240. [PMID: 38701205 PMCID: PMC11067995 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn3240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, in which the structural chirality of a material determines the preference for the transmission of electrons with one spin orientation over that of the other, is emerging as a design principle for creating next-generation spintronic devices. CISS implies that the spin preference of chiral structures persists upon injection of pure spin currents and can act as a spin analyzer without the need for a ferromagnet. Here, we report an anomalous spin current absorption in chiral metal oxides that manifests a colossal anisotropic nonlocal Gilbert damping with a maximum-to-minimum ratio of up to 1000%. A twofold symmetry of the damping is shown to result from differential spin transmission and backscattering that arise from chirality-induced spin splitting along the chiral axis. These studies reveal the rich interplay of chirality and spin dynamics and identify how chiral materials can be implemented to direct the transport of spin current.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Andrew H. Comstock
- Department of physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Cong Yang
- Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Aeron McConnell
- Department of physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Caleb Clever
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Mary Molitoris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Daniel Lamont
- Petersen Institute of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15260, USA
| | - Zhao-Hua Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhe Yuan
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Krieger JA, Stolz S, Robredo I, Manna K, McFarlane EC, Date M, Pal B, Yang J, B Guedes E, Dil JH, Polley CM, Leandersson M, Shekhar C, Borrmann H, Yang Q, Lin M, Strocov VN, Caputo M, Watson MD, Kim TK, Cacho C, Mazzola F, Fujii J, Vobornik I, Parkin SSP, Bradlyn B, Felser C, Vergniory MG, Schröter NBM. Weyl spin-momentum locking in a chiral topological semimetal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3720. [PMID: 38697958 PMCID: PMC11066003 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling in noncentrosymmetric crystals leads to spin-momentum locking - a directional relationship between an electron's spin angular momentum and its linear momentum. Isotropic orthogonal Rashba spin-momentum locking has been studied for decades, while its counterpart, isotropic parallel Weyl spin-momentum locking has remained elusive in experiments. Theory predicts that Weyl spin-momentum locking can only be realized in structurally chiral cubic crystals in the vicinity of Kramers-Weyl or multifold fermions. Here, we use spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to evidence Weyl spin-momentum locking of multifold fermions in the chiral topological semimetal PtGa. We find that the electron spin of the Fermi arc surface states is orthogonal to their Fermi surface contour for momenta close to the projection of the bulk multifold fermion at the Γ point, which is consistent with Weyl spin-momentum locking of the latter. The direct measurement of the bulk spin texture of the multifold fermion at the R point also displays Weyl spin-momentum locking. The discovery of Weyl spin-momentum locking may lead to energy-efficient memory devices and Josephson diodes based on chiral topological semimetals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A Krieger
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Stolz
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Iñigo Robredo
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018, Donostia - San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Kaustuv Manna
- Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Emily C McFarlane
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Mihir Date
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Banabir Pal
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Jiabao Yang
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Eduardo B Guedes
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Hugo Dil
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig M Polley
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Fotongatan 2, 22484, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mats Leandersson
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Fotongatan 2, 22484, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chandra Shekhar
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Horst Borrmann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Qun Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Vladimir N Strocov
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Marco Caputo
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Watson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Timur K Kim
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Cephise Cacho
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Federico Mazzola
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, I-34149, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, 30172, Venice, Italy
| | - Jun Fujii
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ivana Vobornik
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Barry Bradlyn
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maia G Vergniory
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018, Donostia - San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Niels B M Schröter
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tanaka H, Okazaki S, Kobayashi M, Fukushima Y, Arai Y, Iimori T, Lippmaa M, Yamagami K, Kotani Y, Komori F, Kuroda K, Sasagawa T, Kondo T. Broken Screw Rotational Symmetry in the Near-Surface Electronic Structure of AB-Stacked Crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:136402. [PMID: 38613311 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.136402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the electronic structure of 2H-NbS_{2} and h-BN by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and photoemission intensity calculations. Although in bulk form, these materials are expected to exhibit band degeneracy in the k_{z}=π/c plane due to screw rotation and time-reversal symmetries, we observe gapped band dispersion near the surface. We extract from first-principles calculations the near-surface electronic structure probed by ARPES and find that the calculated photoemission spectra from the near-surface region reproduce the gapped ARPES spectra. Our results show that the near-surface electronic structure can be qualitatively different from the bulk electronic structure due to partially broken nonsymmorphic symmetries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tanaka
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Shota Okazaki
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masaru Kobayashi
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yuto Fukushima
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yosuke Arai
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takushi Iimori
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Mikk Lippmaa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamagami
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kotani
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Fumio Komori
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takao Sasagawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lange G, Pottecher JDF, Robey C, Monserrat B, Peng B. Negative Refraction of Weyl Phonons at Twin Quartz Interfaces. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2024; 6:847-855. [PMID: 38455509 PMCID: PMC10915867 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
In Nature, α-quartz crystals frequently form contact twins, which are two adjacent crystals with the same chemical structure but different crystallographic orientation, sharing a common lattice plane. As α-quartz crystallizes in a chiral space group, such twinning can occur between enantiomorphs with the same handedness or with opposite handedness. Here, we use first-principles methods to investigate the effect of twinning and chirality on the bulk and surface phonon spectra, as well as on the topological properties of phonons in α-quartz. We demonstrate that, even though the dispersion appears identical for all twins along all high-symmetry lines and at all high-symmetry points in the Brillouin zone, the dispersions can be distinct at generic momenta for some twin structures. Furthermore, when the twinning occurs between different enantiomorphs, the charges of all Weyl nodal points flip, which leads to mirror symmetric isofrequency contours of the surface arcs on certain surfaces. We show that this allows negative refraction to occur at interfaces between certain twins of α-quartz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar
F. Lange
- Theory
of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Juan D. F. Pottecher
- St.
Catharine’s College, University of
Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RL, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron Robey
- St.
John’s College, University of Cambridge, St John’s Street, Cambridge CB2 1TP, United Kingdom
| | - Bartomeu Monserrat
- Theory
of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Peng
- Theory
of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu H, Yakobson BI. Creating chirality in the nearly two dimensions. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:316-322. [PMID: 38388730 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Structural chirality, defined as the lack of mirror symmetry in materials' atomic structure, is only meaningful in three-dimensional space. Yet two-dimensional (2D) materials, despite their small thickness, can show chirality that enables prominent asymmetric optical, electrical and magnetic properties. In this Perspective, we first discuss the possible definition and mathematical description of '2D chiral materials', and the intriguing physics enabled by structural chirality in van der Waals 2D homobilayers and heterostructures, such as circular dichroism, chiral plasmons and the nonlinear Hall effect. We then summarize the recent experimental progress and approaches to induce and control structural chirality in 2D materials from monolayers to superlattices. Finally, we postulate a few unique opportunities offered by 2D chiral materials, the synthesis and new properties of which can potentially lead to chiral optoelectronic devices and possibly materials for enantioselective photochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lopes EVC, Baierle RJ, Miwa RH, Schmidt TM. Noncentrosymmetric two-dimensional Weyl semimetals in porous Si/Ge structures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:185701. [PMID: 38215486 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad1e09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
In this work we predict a family of noncentrosymmetric two-dimensional (2D) Weyl semimetals (WSMs) composed by porous Ge and SiGe structures. These systems are energetically stable graphenylene-like structures with a buckling, spontaneously breaking the inversion symmetry. The nontrivial topological phase for these 2D systems occurs just below the Fermi level, resulting in nonvanishing Berry curvature around the Weyl nodes. The emerged WSMs are protected byC3symmetry, presenting one-dimensional edge Fermi-arcs connecting Weyl points with opposite chiralities. Our findings complete the family of Weyl in condensed-matter physics, by predicting the first noncentrosymmetric class of 2D WSMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel V C Lopes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Rogério J Baierle
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-990, Brazil
| | - Roberto H Miwa
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Tome M Schmidt
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 38400-902, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cheng B, Cheng D, Jiang T, Xia W, Song B, Mootz M, Luo L, Perakis IE, Yao Y, Guo Y, Wang J. Chirality manipulation of ultrafast phase switches in a correlated CDW-Weyl semimetal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:785. [PMID: 38278821 PMCID: PMC10817907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Light engineering of correlated states in topological materials provides a new avenue of achieving exotic topological phases inaccessible by conventional tuning methods. Here we demonstrate a light control of correlation gaps in a model charge-density-wave (CDW) and polaron insulator (TaSe4)2I recently predicted to be an axion insulator. Our ultrafast terahertz photocurrent spectroscopy reveals a two-step, non-thermal melting of polarons and electronic CDW gap via the fluence dependence of a longitudinal circular photogalvanic current. This helicity-dependent photocurrent reveals continuous ultrafast phase switches from the polaronic state to the CDW (axion) phase, and finally to a hidden Weyl phase as the pump fluence increases. Additional distinctive attributes aligning with the light-induced switches include: the mode-selective coupling of coherent phonons to the polaron and CDW modulation, and the emergence of a non-thermal chiral photocurrent above the pump threshold of CDW-related phonons. The demonstrated ultrafast chirality control of correlated topological states here holds large potentials for realizing axion electrodynamics and advancing quantum-computing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cheng
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Di Cheng
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Boqun Song
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Martin Mootz
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Liang Luo
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Ilias E Perakis
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-1170, USA
| | - Yongxin Yao
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Yanfeng Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Yi C, Felser C. Chiral Quantum Materials: When Chemistry Meets Physics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308746. [PMID: 38126622 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental property of nature with relevance in biochemistry and physics, particularly in the field of catalysis. Understanding the mechanisms underlying chirality transfer is crucial for advancing the knowledge of chiral-related catalysis. Chiral quantum materials with intriguing chirality-dependent electronic properties, such as spin-orbital coupling (SOC) and exotic spin/orbital angular momentum (SAM/OAM), open novel avenues for linking solid-state topologies with chiral catalysis. In this review, the growth of topological homochiral crystals (THCs) is described, and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen electrocatalysis, and asymmetric catalysis are summarized. A possible link between chirality-dependent electronic properties and heterogeneous catalysis is discussed. Finally, existing challenges in this field are highlighted, and a brief outlook on the impact of THCs on the overarching chemical-physical research is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Changjiang Yi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Skaggs CM, Ryu DC, Bhandari H, Xin Y, Kang CJ, Lapidus SH, Siegfried PE, Ghimire NJ, Tan X. IrGe 4: A Predicted Weyl-Metal with a Chiral Crystal Structure. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19395-19403. [PMID: 37983308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Polycrystalline IrGe4 was synthesized by annealing elements at 800 °C for 240 h, and the composition was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. IrGe4 adopts a chiral crystal structure (space group P3121) instead of a polar crystal structure (P31), which was corroborated by the convergent-beam electron diffraction and Rietveld refinements using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. The crystal structure features layers of IrGe8 polyhedra along the b axis, and the layers are connected by edge- and corner-sharing. Each layer consists of corner-shared [Ir3Ge20] trimers, which are formed by three IrGe8 polyhedra connected by edge-sharing. Temperature-dependent resistivity indicates metallic behavior. The magnetoresistance increases with increasing applied magnetic field, and the nonsaturating magnetoresistance reaches 11.5% at 9 T and 10 K. The Hall resistivity suggests that holes are the majority carrier type, with a carrier concentration of 4.02 × 1021 cm-3 at 300 K. Electronic band structures calculated by density functional theory reveal a Weyl point with a chiral charge of +3 above the Fermi level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Callista M Skaggs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Dong-Choon Ryu
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hari Bhandari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Yan Xin
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Chang-Jong Kang
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Saul H Lapidus
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter E Siegfried
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Nirmal J Ghimire
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stavropoulos Center for Complex Quantum Matter, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim B, Shin D, Namgung S, Park N, Kim KW, Kim J. Optoelectronic Manifestation of Orbital Angular Momentum Driven by Chiral Hopping in Helical Se Chains. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18873-18882. [PMID: 37772489 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Chiral materials have garnered significant attention in the field of condensed matter physics. Nevertheless, the magnetic moment induced by the chiral spatial motion of electrons in helical materials, such as elemental Te and Se, remains inadequately understood. In this work, we investigate the development of quantum angular momentum enforced by chirality by using static and time-dependent density functional theory calculations for an elemental Se chain. Our findings reveal the emergence of an unconventional orbital texture driven by the chiral geometry, giving rise to a nonvanishing current-induced orbital moment. By incorporating spin-orbit coupling, we demonstrate that current-induced spin accumulation arises in the chiral chain, which fundamentally differs from the conventional Edelstein effect. Furthermore, we demonstrate optoelectronic detection of the orbital angular momentum in the chiral Se chain, providing an alternative to the interband Berry curvature, which is ill-defined in low dimensions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bumseop Kim
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Dongbin Shin
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Seon Namgung
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Noejung Park
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Whan Kim
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kim
- Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Niu C, Qiu G, Wang Y, Tan P, Wang M, Jian J, Wang H, Wu W, Ye PD. Tunable Chirality-Dependent Nonlinear Electrical Responses in 2D Tellurium. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8445-8453. [PMID: 37677143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Tellurium (Te) is an elemental semiconductor with a simple chiral crystal structure. Te in a two-dimensional (2D) form synthesized by a solution-based method shows excellent electrical, optical, and thermal properties. In this work, the chirality of hydrothermally grown 2D Te is identified and analyzed by hot sulfuric acid etching and high-angle tilted high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. The gate-tunable nonlinear electrical responses, including the nonreciprocal electrical transport in the longitudinal direction and the nonlinear planar Hall effect in the transverse direction, are observed in 2D Te under a magnetic field. Moreover, the nonlinear electrical responses have opposite signs in left- and right-handed 2D Te due to the opposite spin polarizations ensured by the chiral symmetry. The fundamental relationship between the spin-orbit coupling and the crystal symmetry in two enantiomers provides a viable platform for realizing chirality-based electronic devices by introducing the degree of freedom of chirality into electron transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Niu
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Gang Qiu
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yixiu Wang
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Pukun Tan
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mingyi Wang
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jie Jian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wenzhuo Wu
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Peide D Ye
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ahn J, Ghosh B. Topological Circular Dichroism in Chiral Multifold Semimetals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:116603. [PMID: 37774290 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.116603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Uncovering the physical contents of the nontrivial topology of quantum states is a critical problem in condensed matter physics. Here, we study the topological circular dichroism in chiral semimetals using linear response theory and first-principles calculations. We show that, when the low-energy spectrum respects emergent SO(3) rotational symmetry, topological circular dichroism is forbidden for Weyl fermions, and thus is unique to chiral multifold fermions. This is a result of the selection rule that is imposed by the emergent symmetry under the combination of particle-hole conjugation and spatial inversion. Using first-principles calculations, we predict that topological circular dichroism occurs in CoSi for photon energy below about 0.2 eV. Our Letter demonstrates the existence of a response property of unconventional fermions that is fundamentally different from the response of Dirac and Weyl fermions, motivating further study to uncover other unique responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyeong Ahn
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Barun Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sarkar S, Bhattacharya J, Sadhukhan P, Curcio D, Dutt R, Singh VK, Bianchi M, Pariari A, Roy S, Mandal P, Das T, Hofmann P, Chakrabarti A, Roy Barman S. Charge density wave induced nodal lines in LaTe 3. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3628. [PMID: 37336909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39271-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
LaTe3 is a non-centrosymmetric material with time reversal symmetry, where the charge density wave is hosted by the Te bilayers. Here, we show that LaTe3 hosts a Kramers nodal line-a twofold degenerate nodal line connecting time reversal-invariant momenta. We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory with an experimentally reported modulated structure, effective band structures calculated by band unfolding, and symmetry arguments to reveal the Kramers nodal line. Furthermore, calculations confirm that the nodal line imposes gapless crossings between the bilayer-split charge density wave-induced shadow bands and the main bands. In excellent agreement with the calculations, spectroscopic data confirm the presence of the Kramers nodal line and show that the crossings traverse the Fermi level. Furthermore, spinless nodal lines-completely gapped out by spin-orbit coupling-are formed by the linear crossings of the shadow and main bands with a high Fermi velocity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuvam Sarkar
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Joydipto Bhattacharya
- Theory and Simulations Laboratory, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pampa Sadhukhan
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Davide Curcio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Rajeev Dutt
- Theory and Simulations Laboratory, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Marco Bianchi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Arnab Pariari
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Shubhankar Roy
- Vidyasagar Metropolitan College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata, 700006, India
| | - Prabhat Mandal
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Tanmoy Das
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Philip Hofmann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Aparna Chakrabarti
- Theory and Simulations Laboratory, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudipta Roy Barman
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ueda H, García-Fernández M, Agrestini S, Romao CP, van den Brink J, Spaldin NA, Zhou KJ, Staub U. Chiral phonons in quartz probed by X-rays. Nature 2023:10.1038/s41586-023-06016-5. [PMID: 37286603 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The concept of chirality is of great relevance in nature, from chiral molecules such as sugar to parity transformations in particle physics. In condensed matter physics, recent studies have demonstrated chiral fermions and their relevance in emergent phenomena closely related to topology1-3. The experimental verification of chiral phonons (bosons) remains challenging, however, despite their expected strong impact on fundamental physical properties4-6. Here we show experimental proof of chiral phonons using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering with circularly polarized X-rays. Using the prototypical chiral material quartz, we demonstrate that circularly polarized X-rays, which are intrinsically chiral, couple to chiral phonons at specific positions in reciprocal space, allowing us to determine the chiral dispersion of the lattice modes. Our experimental proof of chiral phonons demonstrates a new degree of freedom in condensed matter that is both of fundamental importance and opens the door to exploration of new emergent phenomena based on chiral bosons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ueda
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Carl P Romao
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Urs Staub
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Niu C, Huang S, Ghosh N, Tan P, Wang M, Wu W, Xu X, Ye PD. Tunable Circular Photogalvanic and Photovoltaic Effect in 2D Tellurium with Different Chirality. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3599-3606. [PMID: 37057864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chirality arises from the asymmetry of materials, where two counterparts are the mirror image of each other. The interaction between circular-polarized light and quantum materials is enhanced in chiral space groups due to the structural chirality. Tellurium (Te) possesses the simplest chiral crystal structure, with Te atoms covalently bonded into a spiral atomic chain (left- or right-handed) with a periodicity of 3. Here, we investigate the tunable circular photoelectric responses in 2D Te field-effect transistors with different chirality, including the longitudinal circular photogalvanic effect induced by the radial spin texture (electron-spin polarization parallel to the electron momentum direction) and the circular photovoltaic effect induced by the chiral crystal structure (helical Te atomic chains). Our work demonstrates the controllable manipulation of the chirality degree of freedom in materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Niu
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Shouyuan Huang
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Neil Ghosh
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Pukun Tan
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mingyi Wang
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wenzhuo Wu
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xianfan Xu
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Peide D Ye
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chiu WC, Chang G, Macam G, Belopolski I, Huang SM, Markiewicz R, Yin JX, Cheng ZJ, Lee CC, Chang TR, Chuang FC, Xu SY, Lin H, Hasan MZ, Bansil A. Causal structure of interacting Weyl fermions in condensed matter systems. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2228. [PMID: 37076531 PMCID: PMC10115776 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The spacetime light cone is central to the definition of causality in the theory of relativity. Recently, links between relativistic and condensed matter physics have been uncovered, where relativistic particles can emerge as quasiparticles in the energy-momentum space of matter. Here, we unveil an energy-momentum analogue of the spacetime light cone by mapping time to energy, space to momentum, and the light cone to the Weyl cone. We show that two Weyl quasiparticles can only interact to open a global energy gap if they lie in each other's energy-momentum dispersion cones-analogous to two events that can only have a causal connection if they lie in each other's light cones. Moreover, we demonstrate that the causality of surface chiral modes in quantum matter is entangled with the causality of bulk Weyl fermions. Furthermore, we identify a unique quantum horizon region and an associated 'thick horizon' in the emergent causal structure.
Collapse
Grants
- NRF-NRFF13-2021-0010 National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore)
- FA9550- 20-1-0322 United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AF Office of Scientific Research)
- FA9550- 20-1-0322 United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AF Office of Scientific Research)
- FA9550-20-1-0322 United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AF Office of Scientific Research)
- MOST-107-2628-M-110-001-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST-110-2112-M-110-013-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST 108-2112-M-110-013- MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST 110-2112-M-032-016-MY2. Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST110-2636-M-006-016 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST107-2627-E-006-001 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST-107-2628-M-110-001-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST-110-2112-M-110-013-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- MOST 109-2112-M-001-014-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan)
- GBMF4547 Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Gordon E. and Betty I. Moore Foundation)
- GBMF9461 Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Gordon E. and Betty I. Moore Foundation)
- GBMF4547 Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Gordon E. and Betty I. Moore Foundation)
- GBMF9461 Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Gordon E. and Betty I. Moore Foundation)
- DE-AC0207CH11358 DOE | LDRD | Ames Laboratory (Ames Lab)
- ECCS-2025158 National Science Foundation (NSF)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chi Chiu
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Guoqing Chang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Gennevieve Macam
- National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ilya Belopolski
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shin-Ming Huang
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Robert Markiewicz
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jia-Xin Yin
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Zi-Jia Cheng
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Chi-Cheng Lee
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei, 251301, Taiwan
| | - Tay-Rong Chang
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research and Technology (QFort), Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chuan Chuang
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hsin Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - M Zahid Hasan
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Arun Bansil
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mazzola F, Zhang Y, Olszowska N, Rosmus M, D’Olimpio G, Istrate MC, Politano GG, Vobornik I, Sankar R, Ghica C, Gao J, Politano A. Fermiology of Chiral Cadmium Diarsenide CdAs 2, a Candidate for Hosting Kramers-Weyl Fermions. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3120-3125. [PMID: 36952263 PMCID: PMC10084463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nonmagnetic chiral crystals are a new class of systems hosting Kramers-Weyl Fermions, arising from the combination of structural chirality, spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and time-reversal symmetry. These materials exhibit nontrivial Fermi surfaces with SOC-induced Chern gaps over a wide energy range, leading to exotic transport and optical properties. In this study, we investigate the electronic structure and transport properties of CdAs2, a newly reported chiral material. We use synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory (DFT) to determine the Fermiology of the (110)-terminated CdAs2 crystal. Our results, together with complementary magnetotransport measurements, suggest that CdAs2 is a promising candidate for novel topological properties protected by the structural chirality of the system. Our work sheds light on the details of the Fermi surface and topology for this chiral quantum material, providing useful information for engineering novel spintronic and optical devices based on quantized chiral charges, negative longitudinal magnetoresistance, and nontrivial Chern numbers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mazzola
- Istituto
Officina dei Materiali (IOM)−CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area
Science Park, S.S.14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’
Foscari University of Venice, I-30172 Venice, Italy
| | - Yanxue Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams,
Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Natalia Olszowska
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS, Jagiellonian
University, Czerwone Maki 98, PL-30392 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Rosmus
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS, Jagiellonian
University, Czerwone Maki 98, PL-30392 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gianluca D’Olimpio
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of L’Aquila, via
Vetoio, I-67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | | | - Grazia Giuseppina Politano
- Department
of Information Engineering, Infrastructures and Sustainable Energy
(DIIES), University “Mediterranea”
of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Ivana Vobornik
- Istituto
Officina dei Materiali (IOM)−CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area
Science Park, S.S.14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Raman Sankar
- Institute
of Physics, Academia Sinica Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Corneliu Ghica
- National
Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Key
Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams,
Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Antonio Politano
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of L’Aquila, via
Vetoio, I-67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pu Z, He H, Luo L, Ma Q, Ye L, Ke M, Liu Z. Acoustic Higher-Order Weyl Semimetal with Bound Hinge States in the Continuum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:116103. [PMID: 37001063 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Higher-order topological phases have raised widespread interest in recent years with the occurrence of the topological boundary states of dimension two or more less than that of the system bulk. The higher-order topological states have been verified in gapped phases, in a wide variety of systems, such as photonic and acoustic systems, and recently also observed in gapless semimetal phase, such as Weyl and Dirac phases, in systems alike. The higher-order topology is signaled by the hinge states emerging in the common band gaps of the bulk states and the surface states. In this Letter, we report our first prediction and observation of a new type of hinge states, the bound hinge states in the continuum (BHICs) bulk band, in a higher-order Weyl semimetal implemented in phononic crystal. In contrast to the hinge state in gap, which is characterized by the bulk polarization, the BHIC is identified by the nontrivial surface polarization. The finding of the topological BHICs broadens our insight to the topological states, and may stimulate similar researches in other systems such as electronic, photonic, and cold atoms systems. Our Letter may pave the way toward high-Q acoustic devices in application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhang Pu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hailong He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Licheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiyun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Manzhu Ke
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhengyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu L, Wei Z, Meskers SCJ. Semi-Transparent, Chiral Organic Photodiodes with Incident Direction-Dependent Selectivity for Circularly Polarized Light. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209730. [PMID: 36577393 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Detection of the circular polarization of light is possible using chiral semiconductors, yet the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Semi-transparent chiral photodiodes allow for a simple experiment to investigate the basis of their selectivity: changing the side from which the diode is illuminated. A reversal of circular selectivity is observed in photocurrent generation when changing the direction of illumination on organic, bulk-heterojunction cells. The change in selectivity can be explained by a space-charge limitation on the collection of photocarriers in combination with preferential absorption of one of the circular polarizations of near-infrared light by the chiral non-fullerene acceptor. The space-charge limitation is supported by detailed measurements of frequency and intensity dependence of dc and ac photocurrents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. box 513, Eindhoven, NL, 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Stefan C J Meskers
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. box 513, Eindhoven, NL, 5600MB, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cochran TA, Belopolski I, Manna K, Yahyavi M, Liu Y, Sanchez DS, Cheng ZJ, Yang XP, Multer D, Yin JX, Borrmann H, Chikina A, Krieger JA, Sánchez-Barriga J, Le Fèvre P, Bertran F, Strocov VN, Denlinger JD, Chang TR, Jia S, Felser C, Lin H, Chang G, Hasan MZ. Visualizing Higher-Fold Topology in Chiral Crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:066402. [PMID: 36827563 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.066402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Novel topological phases of matter are fruitful platforms for the discovery of unconventional electromagnetic phenomena. Higher-fold topology is one example, where the low-energy description goes beyond standard model analogs. Despite intensive experimental studies, conclusive evidence remains elusive for the multigap topological nature of higher-fold chiral fermions. In this Letter, we leverage a combination of fine-tuned chemical engineering and photoemission spectroscopy with photon energy contrast to discover the higher-fold topology of a chiral crystal. We identify all bulk branches of a higher-fold chiral fermion for the first time, critically important for allowing us to explore unique Fermi arc surface states in multiple interband gaps, which exhibit an emergent ladder structure. Through designer chemical gating of the samples in combination with our measurements, we uncover an unprecedented multigap bulk boundary correspondence. Our demonstration of multigap electronic topology will propel future research on unconventional topological responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A Cochran
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Ilya Belopolski
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Kaustuv Manna
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Mohammad Yahyavi
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link 637371, Singapore
| | - Yiyuan Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Daniel S Sanchez
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Zi-Jia Cheng
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Xian P Yang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Daniel Multer
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Jia-Xin Yin
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Horst Borrmann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alla Chikina
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jonas A Krieger
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jaime Sánchez-Barriga
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick Le Fèvre
- SOLEIL Synchrotron, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - François Bertran
- SOLEIL Synchrotron, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | | | - Jonathan D Denlinger
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Tay-Rong Chang
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shuang Jia
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link 637371, Singapore
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hsin Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Guoqing Chang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link 637371, Singapore
| | - M Zahid Hasan
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ma A, Zhang Y, Christensen T, Po HC, Jing L, Fu L, Soljačić M. Topogivity: A Machine-Learned Chemical Rule for Discovering Topological Materials. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:772-778. [PMID: 36662578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Topological materials present unconventional electronic properties that make them attractive for both basic science and next-generation technological applications. The majority of currently known topological materials have been discovered using methods that involve symmetry-based analysis of the quantum wave function. Here we use machine learning to develop a simple-to-use heuristic chemical rule that diagnoses with a high accuracy whether a material is topological using only its chemical formula. This heuristic rule is based on a notion that we term topogivity, a machine-learned numerical value for each element that loosely captures its tendency to form topological materials. We next implement a high-throughput procedure for discovering topological materials based on the heuristic topogivity-rule prediction followed by ab initio validation. This way, we discover new topological materials that are not diagnosable using symmetry indicators, including several that may be promising for experimental observation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ma
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thomas Christensen
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hoi Chun Po
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Facebook AI Research, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Marin Soljačić
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang Y, Qin S, Jiang K, Hu J. Gapless vortex bound states in superconducting topological semimetals. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwac121. [PMID: 36935934 PMCID: PMC10016197 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We find that the vortex bound states in superconducting topological semimetals are gapless owing to topological massless excitations in their normal states. We demonstrate this universal result in a variety of semimetals, including Dirac and Weyl semimetals, three-fold degenerate spin-1 fermions, spin-3/2 Rarita-Schwinger-Weyl fermion semimetals and other exotic fermion semimetals. The formation of these gapless bound states is closely related to their Andreev specular reflection and propagating Andreev modes in π-phase superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junctions. We further demonstrate that these gapless states are topologically protected and can be derived from a topological pumping process.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang X, Liu J, Liu F. Topological Superconductivity Based on Antisymmetric Spin-Orbit Coupling. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9000-9005. [PMID: 36350799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Topological superconductivity (TSC) has drawn much attention for its fundamental interest and application in quantum computation. An outstanding challenge is the lack of intrinsic TSC materials with a p-wave pairing gap, which has led to the development of an effective p-wave theory of coupling s-wave gap with Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC). However, the RSOC-strict mechanism and materials pose still both fundamental and practical limitations. Here, we generalize this theory to antisymmetric SOC (ASOC). Using k·p perturbation theory, we demonstrate that 2D crystals, with point groups of C2, C4, C6, C2v, C4v, C6v, D2, D4, D6, S4, or D2d, can all facilitate the desired ASOC. Remarkably, this enables us to discover 314 TSC candidates by screening 2D material databases, which are further confirmed by first-principles calculations of Majorana boundary modes and the topological invariant of the superconducting gap. Our work fundamentally enriches TSC theory and greatly expands the classes of TSC materials for experimental exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong266100, China
| | - Jiale Liu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong266100, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah84112, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Singh B, Lin H, Bansil A. Topology and Symmetry in Quantum Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022:e2201058. [PMID: 36414399 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Interest in topological materials continues to grow unabated in view of their conceptual novelties as well as their potential as platforms for transformational new technologies. Electronic states in a topological material are robust against perturbations and support unconventional electromagnetic responses. The first-principles band-theory paradigm has been a key player in the field by providing successful prediction of many new classes of topological materials. This perspective presents a cross section through the recent work on understanding the role of geometry and topology in generating topological states and their responses to external stimuli, and as a basis for connecting theory and experiment within the band theory framework. In this work, effective strategies for topological materials discovery and impactful directions for future topological materials research are also commented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahadur Singh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Hsin Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Arun Bansil
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Möllers PV, Göhler B, Zacharias H. Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity – the Photoelectron View. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul V. Möllers
- Center for Soft Nanoscience University of Münster Busso-Peus-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Benjamin Göhler
- Center for Soft Nanoscience University of Münster Busso-Peus-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Helmut Zacharias
- Center for Soft Nanoscience University of Münster Busso-Peus-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ayuso D, Ordonez AF, Smirnova O. Ultrafast chirality: the road to efficient chiral measurements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26962-26991. [PMID: 36342056 PMCID: PMC9673685 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01009g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Today we are witnessing the electric-dipole revolution in chiral measurements. Here we reflect on its lessons and outcomes, such as the perspective on chiral measurements using the complementary principles of "chiral reagent" and "chiral observer", the hierarchy of scalar, vectorial and tensorial enantio-sensitive observables, the new properties of the chiro-optical response in the ultrafast and non-linear domains, and the geometrical magnetism associated with the chiral response in photoionization. The electric-dipole revolution is a landmark event. It has opened routes to extremely efficient enantio-discrimination with a family of new methods. These methods are governed by the same principles but work in vastly different regimes - from microwaves to optical light; they address all molecular degrees of freedom - electronic, vibrational and rotational, and use flexible detection schemes, i.e. detecting photons or electrons, making them applicable to different chiral phases, from gases to liquids to amorphous solids. The electric-dipole revolution has also enabled enantio-sensitive manipulation of chiral molecules with light. This manipulation includes exciting and controlling ultrafast helical currents in vibronic states of chiral molecules, enantio-sensitive control of populations in electronic, vibronic and rotational molecular states, and opens the way to efficient enantio-separation and enantio-sensitive trapping of chiral molecules. The word "perspective" has two meanings: an "outlook" and a "point of view". In this perspective article, we have tried to cover both meanings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Ayuso
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK.
| | - Andres F Ordonez
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu P, Zhang A, Han J, Liu Q. Chiral Dirac-like fermion in spin-orbit-free antiferromagnetic semimetals. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100343. [PMID: 36353676 PMCID: PMC9638832 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dirac semimetal is a phase of matter whose elementary excitation is described by the relativistic Dirac equation. In the limit of zero mass, its parity-time symmetry enforces the Dirac fermion in the momentum space, which is composed of two Weyl fermions with opposite chirality, to be non-chiral. Inspired by the flavor symmetry in particle physics, we theoretically propose a massless Dirac-like equation yet linking two Weyl fields with the identical chirality by assuming SU(2) isospin symmetry, independent of the space-time rotation exchanging the two fields. Dramatically, such symmetry is hidden in certain solid-state spin-1/2 systems with negligible spin-orbit coupling, where the spin degree of freedom is decoupled with the lattice. Therefore, the existence of the corresponding quasiparticle, dubbed as flavor Weyl fermion, cannot be explained by the conventional (magnetic) space group framework. The 4-fold degenerate flavor Weyl fermion manifests linear dispersion and a Chern number of ±2, leading to a robust network of topologically protected Fermi arcs throughout the Brillouin zone. For material realization, we show that the transition-metal chalcogenide CoNb3S6 with experimentally confirmed collinear antiferromagnetic order is ideal for flavor Weyl semimetal under the approximation of vanishing spin-orbit coupling. Our work reveals a counterpart of the flavor symmetry in magnetic electronic systems, leading to further possibilities of emergent phenomena in quantum materials. A counterpart of isospin SU(2) symmetry is predicted to exist in crystalline solids Such symmetry is realized in some collinear antiferromagnets in nonrelativistic limit CoNb3S6 is a representative material manifesting Dirac-like fermions with chirality
Collapse
|
38
|
Shang T, Zhao J, Hu LH, Ma J, Gawryluk DJ, Zhu X, Zhang H, Zhen Z, Yu B, Xu Y, Zhan Q, Pomjakushina E, Shi M, Shiroka T. Unconventional superconductivity in topological Kramers nodal-line semimetals. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq6589. [PMID: 36306356 PMCID: PMC9616505 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq6589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline symmetry is a defining factor of the electronic band topology in solids, where many-body interactions often induce a spontaneous breaking of symmetry. Superconductors lacking an inversion center are among the best systems to study such effects or even to achieve topological superconductivity. Here, we demonstrate that TRuSi materials (with T a transition metal) belong to this class. Their bulk normal states behave as three-dimensional Kramers nodal-line semimetals, characterized by large antisymmetric spin-orbit couplings and by hourglass-like dispersions. Our muon-spin spectroscopy measurements show that certain TRuSi compounds spontaneously break the time-reversal symmetry at the superconducting transition, while unexpectedly showing a fully gapped superconductivity. Their unconventional behavior is consistent with a unitary (s + ip) pairing, reflecting a mixture of spin singlets and spin triplets. By combining an intrinsic time-reversal symmetry-breaking superconductivity with nontrivial electronic bands, TRuSi compounds provide an ideal platform for investigating the rich interplay between unconventional superconductivity and the exotic properties of Kramers nodal-line/hourglass fermions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Shang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jianzhou Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Lun-Hui Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Junzhang Ma
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Dariusz Jakub Gawryluk
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bocheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingfan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ekaterina Pomjakushina
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Ming Shi
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Toni Shiroka
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratorium für Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang Z, Wang Z, Feng YP, Loh KP. Probing the Origin of Chiral Charge Density Waves in the Two-Dimensional Limits. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7615-7620. [PMID: 36099590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chirality generates spontaneous symmetry breaking and profoundly influences the topology, charge, and spin orders of materials. The chiral charge density wave (CDW) exhibits macroscopic chirality in the achiral crystal during the spontaneous electronic phase transitions. However, the mechanism of chiral CDW formation is shrouded in controversy. In this work, we report that two-dimensional H-phase TaS2 synthesized by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) shows a predominantly chiral CDW phase. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging of the CDW reconstruction spots reveals a clockwise or anticlockwise intensity variation along the STM-imaged spots. First-principles calculations further show that the rotational symmetry of the momentum-dependent electron-phonon coupling is broken, giving rise to chirality. Our work provides new insights into the physical origin of the chiral charge-ordered states, shedding light on a general ordering rule in chiral CDWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Wang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China 518060
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
| | - Zishen Wang
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Yuan Ping Feng
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China 518060
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Won J, Kim S, Gutierrez‐Amigo M, Bettler S, Lee B, Son J, Won Noh T, Errea I, Vergniory MG, Abbamonte P, Mahmood F, Shoemaker DP. Transport and optical properties of the chiral semiconductor Ag
3
AuSe
2. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Won
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Soyeun Kim
- Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
- Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
| | - Martin Gutierrez‐Amigo
- Department of Physics University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Apartado 644 48080 Bilbao Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU) Manuel de Lardizabal Pasealekua 5 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
| | - Simon Bettler
- Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
- Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
| | - Bumjoo Lee
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems Institute for Basic Science Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseok Son
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems Institute for Basic Science Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Noh
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems Institute for Basic Science Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Ion Errea
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU) Manuel de Lardizabal Pasealekua 5 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center P. Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
- Fisika Aplikatua Saila, Gipuzkoako Ingeniaritza Eskola University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Europa Plaza 1 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián Spain
| | - Maia G. Vergniory
- Donostia International Physics Center P. Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 Dresden Germany
| | - Peter Abbamonte
- Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
- Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
| | - Fahad Mahmood
- Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
- Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana 61801 IL USA
| | - Daniel P. Shoemaker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vergniory MG, Wieder BJ, Elcoro L, Parkin SSP, Felser C, Bernevig BA, Regnault N. All topological bands of all nonmagnetic stoichiometric materials. Science 2022; 376:eabg9094. [PMID: 35587971 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg9094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Topological quantum chemistry and symmetry-based indicators have facilitated large-scale searches for materials with topological properties at the Fermi energy (EF). We report the implementation of a publicly accessible catalog of stable and fragile topology in all of the bands both at and away from EF in the 96,196 processable entries in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. Our calculations, which represent the completion of the symmetry-indicated band topology of known nonmagnetic materials, have enabled the discovery of repeat-topological and supertopological materials, including rhombohedral bismuth and Bi2Mg3. We find that 52.65% of all materials are topological at EF, roughly two-thirds of bands across all materials exhibit symmetry-indicated stable topology, and 87.99% of all materials contain at least one stable or fragile topological band.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maia G Vergniory
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Benjamin J Wieder
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Luis Elcoro
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - B Andrei Bernevig
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Nicolas Regnault
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.,Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang X, Wang SQ, Chen JN, Jia JH, Wang C, Paillot K, Breslavetz I, Long LS, Zheng L, Rikken GLJA, Train C, Kong XJ, Atzori M. Magnetic 3d-4f Chiral Clusters Showing Multimetal Site Magneto-Chiral Dichroism. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8837-8847. [PMID: 35503109 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the molecular self-assembly of hydroxido-bridged {Ln5Ni6} ((Ln3+ = Dy3+, Y3+) metal clusters by the reaction of enantiopure chiral ligands, namely, (R/S)-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-serine), with NiII and LnIII precursors. Single-crystal diffraction analysis reveals that these compounds are isostructural sandwich-like 3d-4f heterometallic clusters showing helical chirality. Direct current magnetic measurements on {Dy5Ni6} indicates ferromagnetic coupling between DyIII and NiII centers, whereas those on {Y5Ni6} denote that the NiII centers are antiferromagnetically coupled and/or magnetically anisotropic. Magneto-chiral dichroism (MChD) measurements on {Dy5Ni6} and its comparison to that of {Y5Ni6} provide the first experimental observation of intense multimetal site MChD signals in the visible-near-infrared region. Moreover, the comparison of MChD with natural and magnetic circular dichroism spectra unambiguously demonstrate for the first time that the MChD signals associated with the NiII d-d transitions are mostly driven by natural optical activity and those associated with the DyIII f-f transitions are driven by magnetic optical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shi-Qiang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jia-Nan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jian-Hua Jia
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kevin Paillot
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Ivan Breslavetz
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - La-Sheng Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lansun Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Geert L J A Rikken
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Cyrille Train
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Xiang-Jian Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Matteo Atzori
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSA Toulouse, Univ. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, EMFL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dey B, Ghosh TK. Dynamical polarization, optical conductivity and plasmon mode of a linear triple component fermionic system. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:255701. [PMID: 35366652 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac638a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the density and optical responses of a linear triple component fermionic system in both non-interacting and interacting regimes by computing its dynamical polarization function, random phase approximation dielectric function, plasmon mode and long wavelength optical conductivity and compare the results with those of Weyl fermions and three-dimensional free electron gas. Linear triple component fermions are pseudospin-1 generalization of Weyl fermions, consisting of two linearly dispersive bands and a flat band. The presence of flat band brings about notable modifications in the response properties with respect to Weyl fermions such as induction of a new region in the particle-hole continuum, increased static polarization, reduced plasmon gap, shift in absorption edge, enhanced rate of increase in energy absorption with frequency and highly suppressed intercone transitions in the long wavelength limit. The plasmon dispersion follows the usualω∼ω0+ω1q2nature as observed in other three-dimensional systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bashab Dey
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, India
| | - Tarun Kanti Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang T, Ding S, Liu Y, Wu Z, Zhang G. An ideal Weyl nodal ring with a large drumhead surface state in the orthorhombic compound TiS 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8208-8216. [PMID: 35319049 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00424k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Topological metals or semimetals have attracted great research attention and interest in condensed matter physics and chemistry due to their exotic properties. Different from the conventional topological insulators, topological metals or semimetals are characterized by distinct topological surface states, such as a Fermi arc or a drumhead surface state, which are often used in experiments to verify the corresponding topological properties. However, the current study in this field is strongly limited in the experimental characterization because of the extreme lack of perfect material candidates with a clean band structure and clear surface states. In this work, based on theoretical calculations, we propose a new topological semimetal TiS2, which has an orthorhombic structure and exhibits excellent stability. Calculated electronic band structures reveal that there is a single Weyl nodal ring in the ky = 0 plane. A detailed symmetry analysis is provided and the corresponding surface state is calculated, which exhibits both a large energy variation of 1.5 eV and wide space distribution without and with the spin orbit coupling effect. Besides, the surface states are well separated from the bulk state. These ideal features together make TiS2 a promising nodal line semimetal for experimental investigation. In combination with the other two isostructural compounds TiSe2 and TiTe2 with similar properties, their further experimental synthesis and characterization can be highly expected and the corresponding study for the topological nodal line state can thus be greatly facilitated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tie Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.,School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shoubing Ding
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zhimin Wu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Connexis, 138632, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ko W, Gai Z, Puretzky AA, Liang L, Berlijn T, Hachtel JA, Xiao K, Ganesh P, Yoon M, Li AP. Understanding Heterogeneities in Quantum Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022:e2106909. [PMID: 35170112 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantum materials are usually heterogeneous, with structural defects, impurities, surfaces, edges, interfaces, and disorder. These heterogeneities are sometimes viewed as liabilities within conventional systems; however, their electronic and magnetic structures often define and affect the quantum phenomena such as coherence, interaction, entanglement, and topological effects in the host system. Therefore, a critical need is to understand the roles of heterogeneities in order to endow materials with new quantum functions for energy and quantum information science applications. In this article, several representative examples are reviewed on the recent progress in connecting the heterogeneities to the quantum behaviors of real materials. Specifically, three intertwined topic areas are assessed: i) Reveal the structural, electronic, magnetic, vibrational, and optical degrees of freedom of heterogeneities. ii) Understand the effect of heterogeneities on the behaviors of quantum states in host material systems. iii) Control heterogeneities for new quantum functions. This progress is achieved by establishing the atomistic-level structure-property relationships associated with heterogeneities in quantum materials. The understanding of the interactions between electronic, magnetic, photonic, and vibrational states of heterogeneities enables the design of new quantum materials, including topological matter and quantum light emitters based on heterogenous 2D materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wonhee Ko
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Zheng Gai
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Alexander A Puretzky
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Liangbo Liang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Tom Berlijn
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Kai Xiao
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Panchapakesan Ganesh
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Mina Yoon
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - An-Ping Li
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ma Q, Grushin AG, Burch KS. Topology and geometry under the nonlinear electromagnetic spotlight. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1601-1614. [PMID: 34127824 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For many materials, a precise knowledge of their dispersion spectra is insufficient to predict their ordered phases and physical responses. Instead, these materials are classified by the geometrical and topological properties of their wavefunctions. A key challenge is to identify and implement experiments that probe or control these quantum properties. In this Review, we describe recent progress in this direction, focusing on nonlinear electromagnetic responses that arise directly from quantum geometry and topology. We give an overview of the field by discussing theoretical ideas, experiments and the materials that drive them. We conclude by discussing how these techniques can be combined with device architectures to uncover, probe and ultimately control quantum phases with emergent topological and correlated properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ma
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Adolfo G Grushin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Kenneth S Burch
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Encyclopedia of emergent particles in three-dimensional crystals. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 67:375-380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
48
|
Rees D, Lu B, Sun Y, Manna K, Özgür R, Subedi S, Borrmann H, Felser C, Orenstein J, Torchinsky DH. Direct Measurement of Helicoid Surface States in RhSi Using Nonlinear Optics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:157405. [PMID: 34678039 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.157405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fundamental nature of the edge state in topological physics, direct measurement of electronic and optical properties of the Fermi arcs of topological semimetals has posed a significant experimental challenge, as their response is often overwhelmed by the metallic bulk. However, laser-driven currents carried by surface and bulk states can propagate in different directions in nonsymmorphic crystals, allowing for the two components to be easily separated. Motivated by a recent theoretical prediction G. Chang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 166404 (2020)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.124.166404, we have measured the linear and circular photogalvanic effect currents deriving from the Fermi arcs of the nonsymmorphic, chiral Weyl semimetal RhSi over the 0.45-1.1 eV incident photon energy range. Our data are in good agreement with the predicted spectral shape of the circular photogalvanic effect as a function of photon energy, although the direction of the surface photocurrent departed from the theoretical expectation over the energy range studied. Surface currents arising from the linear photogalvanic effect were observed as well, with the unexpected result that only two of the six allowed tensor element were required to describe the measurements, suggesting an approximate emergent mirror symmetry inconsistent with the space group of the crystal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Rees
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Baozhu Lu
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Yue Sun
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Kaustuv Manna
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden D-01187, Germany
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rüstem Özgür
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sujan Subedi
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Horst Borrmann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden D-01187, Germany
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden D-01187, Germany
| | - J Orenstein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Darius H Torchinsky
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yang HY, Yao X, Plisson V, Mozaffari S, Scheifers JP, Savvidou AF, Choi ES, McCandless GT, Padlewski MF, Putzke C, Moll PJW, Chan JY, Balicas L, Burch KS, Tafti F. Evidence of a coupled electron-phonon liquid in NbGe 2. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5292. [PMID: 34489411 PMCID: PMC8421384 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas electron-phonon scattering relaxes the electron's momentum in metals, a perpetual exchange of momentum between phonons and electrons may conserve total momentum and lead to a coupled electron-phonon liquid. Such a phase of matter could be a platform for observing electron hydrodynamics. Here we present evidence of an electron-phonon liquid in the transition metal ditetrelide, NbGe2, from three different experiments. First, quantum oscillations reveal an enhanced quasiparticle mass, which is unexpected in NbGe2 with weak electron-electron correlations, hence pointing at electron-phonon interactions. Second, resistivity measurements exhibit a discrepancy between the experimental data and standard Fermi liquid calculations. Third, Raman scattering shows anomalous temperature dependences of the phonon linewidths that fit an empirical model based on phonon-electron coupling. We discuss structural factors, such as chiral symmetry, short metallic bonds, and a low-symmetry coordination environment as potential design principles for materials with coupled electron-phonon liquid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yu Yang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
| | - Xiaohan Yao
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Vincent Plisson
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Shirin Mozaffari
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Jan P Scheifers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | | | - Eun Sang Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Gregory T McCandless
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Mathieu F Padlewski
- Laboratory of Quantum Materials (QMAT), Institute of Materials (IMX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Putzke
- Laboratory of Quantum Materials (QMAT), Institute of Materials (IMX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philip J W Moll
- Laboratory of Quantum Materials (QMAT), Institute of Materials (IMX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julia Y Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Luis Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Kenneth S Burch
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Fazel Tafti
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Peng Z, Yuan L, XuHong J, Tian H, Zhang Y, Deng J, Qi X. Chiral nanomaterials for tumor therapy: autophagy, apoptosis, and photothermal ablation. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:220. [PMID: 34294083 PMCID: PMC8299636 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental characteristic of natural molecules and a crucial factor in the biochemical reactions of living cells and organisms. Recently, researchers have successfully introduced chiral molecules to the surfaces of nanomaterials, creating chiral nanomaterials that exhibit an upscaling of chiral behavior from the molecular scale to the nanoscale. These chiral nanomaterials can selectively induce autophagy, apoptosis, and photothermal ablation in tumor cells based on their chirality, making them promising for application in anti-tumor therapy. However, these interesting and important phenomena have hitherto received little attention. Accordingly, we herein present a review of recent research progress in the field of chiral nanomaterials for tumor therapy along with brief looks at the mechanistic details of their actions. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of chiral nanomaterials in terms of maximizing their potential in tumor therapy are discussed. Thus, this review provides a helpful introduction to the design of chiral nanomaterials and will hopefully highlight the importance of chirality in tumor therapy. ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaihui Peng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Juncheng XuHong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiaowei Qi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|