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Hosseini FS, Ahmadi A, Kesharwani P, Hosseini H, Sahebkar A. Regulatory effects of statins on Akt signaling for prevention of cancers. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111213. [PMID: 38729324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Statins, which are primarily used as lipid-lowering drugs, have been found to exhibit anti-tumor effects through modulating and interfering with various signaling pathways. In observational studies, statin use has been associated with a significant reduction in the progression of various cancers, including colon, lung, prostate, pancreas, and esophagus cancer, as well as melanoma and B and T cell lymphoma. The mevalonate pathway, which is affected by statins, plays a crucial role in activating Rho, Ras, and Rab proteins, thereby impacting the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. Statins block this pathway, leading to the inhibition of isoprenoid units, which are critical for the activation of these key proteins, thereby affecting cancer cell behavior. Additionally, statins affect MAPK and Cdk2, which in turn reduce the expression of p21 and p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Akt signaling plays a crucial role in key cancer cell features like proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis by activating multiple effectors in downstream pathways such as FOXO, PTEN, NF-κB, GSK3β, and mTOR. The PI3K/Akt signaling is necessary for many events in the metastatic pathway and has been implicated in the resistance to cytostatic drugs. The Akt/PTEN axis is currently attracting great interest for its role in carcinogenesis. Statins have been shown to activate the purinergic receptor P2X7 and affect Akt signaling, which may have important anti-cancer effects. Hence, targeting Akt shows promise as an effective approach to cancer prevention and therapy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion on the specific impact of statins through Akt signaling in different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Ahmadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Saint-Martin Willer A, Montani D, Capuano V, Antigny F. Orai1/STIMs modulators in pulmonary vascular diseases. Cell Calcium 2024; 121:102892. [PMID: 38735127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a secondary messenger that regulates various cellular processes. However, Ca2+ mishandling could lead to pathological conditions. Orai1 is a Ca2+channel contributing to the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and plays a critical role in Ca2+ homeostasis in several cell types. Dysregulation of Orai1 contributed to severe combined immune deficiency syndrome, some cancers, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and other cardiorespiratory diseases. During its activation process, Orai1 is mainly regulated by stromal interacting molecule (STIM) proteins, especially STIM1; however, many other regulatory partners have also been recently described. Increasing knowledge about these regulatory partners provides a better view of the downstream signalling pathways of SOCE and offers an excellent opportunity to decipher Orai1 dysregulation in these diseases. These proteins participate in other cellular functions, making them attractive therapeutic targets. This review mainly focuses on Orai1 regulatory partners in the physiological and pathological conditions of the pulmonary circulation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Saint-Martin Willer
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - David Montani
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Véronique Capuano
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France; Hôptal Marie Lannelongue, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM UMR_S 999 Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.
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Tlemsani C, Heske CM, Elloumi F, Pongor L, Khandagale P, Varma S, Luna A, Meltzer PS, Khan J, Reinhold WC, Pommier Y. Sarcoma_CellminerCDB: A tool to interrogate the genomic and functional characteristics of a comprehensive collection of sarcoma cell lines. iScience 2024; 27:109781. [PMID: 38868205 PMCID: PMC11167437 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are a diverse group of rare malignancies composed of multiple different clinical and molecular subtypes. Due to their rarity and heterogeneity, basic, translational, and clinical research in sarcoma has trailed behind that of other cancers. Outcomes for patients remain generally poor due to an incomplete understanding of disease biology and a lack of novel therapies. To address some of the limitations impeding preclinical sarcoma research, we have developed Sarcoma_CellMinerCDB, a publicly available interactive tool that merges publicly available sarcoma cell line data and newly generated omics data to create a comprehensive database of genomic, transcriptomic, methylomic, proteomic, metabolic, and pharmacologic data on 133 annotated sarcoma cell lines. The reproducibility, functionality, biological relevance, and therapeutic applications of Sarcoma_CellMinerCDB described herein are powerful tools to address and generate biological questions and test hypotheses for translational research. Sarcoma_CellMinerCDB (https://discover.nci.nih.gov/SarcomaCellMinerCDB) aims to contribute to advancing the preclinical study of sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Tlemsani
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cochin Hospital, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Université Paris Cité, APHP. Centre, Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christine M. Heske
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Fathi Elloumi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lorinc Pongor
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Prashant Khandagale
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sudhir Varma
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Augustin Luna
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Computational Biology Branch, National Library of Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Paul S. Meltzer
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William C. Reinhold
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Tu L, Liu Y, Zhu H, Zhang Q, Ji X. Characteristics of drug overdose suicide attempts presenting to the psychiatric emergency department of Beijing Anding Hospital. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1597. [PMID: 38877447 PMCID: PMC11179331 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overdose-related suicide attempts represent a significant portion of self-harm presentations in the psychiatric emergency department (ED). Identifying specific patient characteristics associated with these attempts holds promise for pinpointing drug classes with elevated risk and paving the way for tailored suicide prevention interventions. This study aims to examine the demographic profiles of ED patients who had experienced overdose-related suicide attempts. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted at Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2020 to December 2021. Patients with psychiatric drug overdose suicide attempts presenting to the psychiatric ED were included. Sociodemographic characteristics and the specific classes of drugs involved were collected, and analysed descriptively. RESULTS This study examined 252 overdose patients, excluding 51 patients treated with alcohol or nonpsychiatric drugs, and a total 201 cases were included. The mean age of the patients was 28 ± 16 years (median 23, range 12-78), and 82% (n = 165) of the sample were females. Notably, nearly half (45%) of the patients were aged ≤ 20 years. While the number of cases decreased with increasing age, a significant increase was observed in 2021 compared to 2020. Benzodiazepines (BZDs) were the most frequently implicated substance class (n = 126, 63%), followed by antidepressants (n = 96, 48%), antipsychotics (n = 44, 22%), Z-drugs (n = 43, 21%), and mood stabilizers (n = 36, 18%). For adolescents, antidepressants (n = 52, 71%) overtook BZDs (n = 38, 52%) as the most common drug. The monthly distribution of cases revealed peaks in April and November. Furthermore, 21% (n = 42) of patients ingested more than two psychotropic medications concurrently. Finally, approximately half (n = 92) of the patients required inpatient admission for further treatment. Comparisons between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients did not reveal any significant differences. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed a greater prevalence of suicide overdose attempts among young females receiving prescriptions for antidepressants and/or BZDs. This finding suggests a potential need for enhanced monitoring of suicidal behaviour in this specific population when prescribing psychotropic medications. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding drug overdose suicide attempts in psychiatric emergency settings and underscore the importance of further research to develop targeted prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Tu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Lane, Dewai Avenue, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Lane, Dewai Avenue, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Lane, Dewai Avenue, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Qinge Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Lane, Dewai Avenue, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
| | - Xiao Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Lane, Dewai Avenue, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
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Kosarek NN, Preston EV. Contributions of Synthetic Chemicals to Autoimmune Disease Development and Occurrence. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:128-144. [PMID: 38653907 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Exposure to many synthetic chemicals has been linked to a variety of adverse human health effects, including autoimmune diseases. In this scoping review, we summarize recent evidence detailing the effects of synthetic environmental chemicals on autoimmune diseases and highlight current research gaps and recommendations for future studies. RECENT FINDINGS We identified 68 recent publications related to environmental chemical exposures and autoimmune diseases. Most studies evaluated exposure to persistent environmental chemicals and autoimmune conditions including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease. Results of recent original research studies were mixed, and available data for some exposure-outcome associations were particularly limited. PFAS and autoimmune inflammatory bowel diseases (UC and CD) and pesticides and RA appeared to be the most frequently studied exposure-outcome associations among recent publications, despite a historical research focus on solvents. Recent studies have provided additional evidence for the associations of exposure to synthetic chemicals with certain autoimmune conditions. However, impacts on other autoimmune outcomes, particularly less prevalent conditions, remain unclear. Owing to the ubiquitous nature of many of these exposures and their potential impacts on autoimmune risk, additional studies are needed to better evaluate these relationships, particularly for understudied autoimmune conditions. Future research should include larger longitudinal studies and studies among more diverse populations to elucidate the temporal relationships between exposure-outcome pairs and to identify potential population subgroups that may be more adversely impacted by immune modulation caused by exposure to these chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle N Kosarek
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Emma V Preston
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Floor 14, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Hobsteter AW, Irazoqui AP, Gonzalez A, Picco AS, Rubert AA, Buitrago CG, Lo Fiego MJ, Silbestri GF. Acetylated galactopyranosyl N-heterocyclic monocarbene complexes of Silver(I) as novel anti-proliferative agents in a rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 107:117756. [PMID: 38759255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Herein, four silver(I) complexes bearing acetylated d-galactopyranoside-based N-heterocyclic carbene ligands were synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All complexes were obtained with an anomeric β-configuration and as monocarbene species. In this study, we investigated the biological effects of the silver(I) complexes 2a-d on the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, RD. Our results show concentration-dependent effects on cell density, growth inhibition, and activation of key signaling pathways such as Akt 1/2, ERK 1/2, and p38-MAPK, indicating their potential as anticancer agents. Notably, at 35.5 µM, the complexes induced mitochondrial network disruption, as observed with 2b and 2c, whereas with 2a, this disruption was accompanied by nuclear content release. These results provide insight into the utility of carbohydrate incorporated NHC complexes of silver(I) as new agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana W Hobsteter
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ana P Irazoqui
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC PBA), Argentina.
| | - Agustina Gonzalez
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Agustín S Picco
- INIFTA, Fac. de Cs. Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Aldo A Rubert
- INIFTA, Fac. de Cs. Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia G Buitrago
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Marcos J Lo Fiego
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo F Silbestri
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Chen F, Wang J, Sun Y, Zhang J. Mandibular rhabdomyosarcoma with TFCP2 rearrangement and osteogenic differentiation: a case misdiagnosed as fibrous dysplasia or low-grade central osteosarcoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:e143-e149. [PMID: 38637236 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.12.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma with TFCP2-related fusions (TFCP2-RMS) is a rare entity that commonly affects young adults with a predilection for skeletal involvement. We herein report a 40-year-old female patient with TFCP2-RMS who was misdiagnosed as fibrous dysplasia or low-grade central osteosarcoma of the mandible by referring institutions. Histologically, the tumor showed dominant spindle cells and focal epithelioid cells with marked immature woven bone formation. Immunophenotypically, in addition to the characteristic expression of myogenic markers, ALK, and cytokeratins, tumor cells also unusually expressed osteogenic markers, such as MDM2 and SATB2. Through fluorescence in situ hybridization, the tumor cells showed EWSR1::TFCP2 gene fusion and no MDM2 gene amplification. This is a rare case of TFCP2-RMS, which was misdiagnosed as low-grade central osteosarcoma due to its presenting immunophenotype of MDM2 and SATB2, as well as extensive osteoid matrix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Lampis S, Galardi A, Di Paolo V, Di Giannatale A. Organoids as a new approach for improving pediatric cancer research. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1414311. [PMID: 38835365 PMCID: PMC11148379 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1414311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A key challenge in cancer research is the meticulous development of models that faithfully emulates the intricacies of the patient scenario, with emphasis on preserving intra-tumoral heterogeneity and the dynamic milieu of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Organoids emerge as promising tool in new drug development, drug screening and precision medicine. Despite advances in the diagnoses and treatment of pediatric cancers, certain tumor subtypes persist in yielding unfavorable prognoses. Moreover, the prognosis for a significant portion of children experiencing disease relapse is dismal. To improve pediatric outcome many groups are focusing on the development of precision medicine approach. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about using organoid system as model in preclinical and clinical solid-pediatric cancer. Since organoids retain the pivotal characteristics of primary parent tumors, they exert great potential in discovering novel tumor biomarkers, exploring drug-resistance mechanism and predicting tumor responses to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapies. We also examine both the potential opportunities and existing challenges inherent organoids, hoping to point out the direction for future organoid development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lampis
- Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Galardi
- Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Di Paolo
- Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
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Hu X, Huang C, Li Q, Wu B, Yue C, Su X. Case report: Lymph node metastasis of pelvic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1340865. [PMID: 38835374 PMCID: PMC11148648 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1340865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a common soft tissue malignant tumor, especially in young patients. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is a subtype of RMS that is prevalent in adolescents. This malignant tumor usually develops in the extremities and can also involve the trunk, perineum, and pelvis. Now, we report a rare case of pelvic lymph node metastatic alveolar RMS in a young patient, which was determined by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in which the definite diagnosis of ARMS was initially made by FNAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Hu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenxin Huang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baolin Wu
- Department of Radiology and MR Research Center, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuyun Yue
- Medical Imaging Science, The Second Clinical Medical School of ChongQing Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Xueying Su
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yang M, Cao Z, Zhu W, Feng X, Zhou J, Liu J, Zhong Y, Zhou Y, Mei H, Cai X, Hu L, Zhou A, Xiao H. Associations between OGTT results during pregnancy and offspring TSH levels: a birth cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:375. [PMID: 38760653 PMCID: PMC11100047 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence exists regarding the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in newborns. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential risk of elevated TSH levels in infants exposed to maternal GDM, considering the type and number of abnormal values obtained from the 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). METHODS A population-based, prospective birth cohort study was conducted in Wuhan, China. The study included women who underwent GDM screening using a 75-g OGTT. Neonatal TSH levels were measured via a time-resolved immunofluorescence assay. We estimated and stratified the overall risk (adjusted Risk Ratio [RR]) of elevated TSH levels (defined as TSH > 10 mIU/L or > 20 mIU/L) in offspring based on the type and number of abnormal OGTT values. RESULTS Out of 15,236 eligible mother-offspring pairs, 11.5% (1,753) of mothers were diagnosed with GDM. Offspring born to women diagnosed with GDM demonstrated a statistically significant elevation in TSH levels when compared to offspring of non-GDM mothers, with a mean difference of 0.20 [95% CI: 0.04-0.36]. The incidence of elevated TSH levels (TSH > 10 mIU/L) in offspring of non-GDM women was 6.3 per 1,000 live births. Newborns exposed to mothers with three abnormal OGTT values displayed an almost five-fold increased risk of elevated TSH levels (adjusted RR 4.77 [95% CI 1.64-13.96]). Maternal fasting blood glucose was independently and positively correlated with neonatal TSH levels and elevated TSH status (TSH > 20 mIU/L). CONCLUSIONS For newborns of women with GDM, personalized risk assessment for elevated TSH levels can be predicated on the type and number of abnormal OGTT values. Furthermore, fasting blood glucose emerges as a critical predictive marker for elevated neonatal TSH status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Zhongqiang Cao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Wanting Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Feng
- Department of echocardiography, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieqiong Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiuying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiaonan Cai
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Liqin Hu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Han Xiao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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11
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Yang C, Wang X, Lin H, Zhu J, Xu Z, Wang W. Case report: A left forearm mass with eccentric intramedullary ulnar destruction diagnosed as alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and treated by wide resection and free vascularized fibular graft. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1395233. [PMID: 38800397 PMCID: PMC11116586 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1395233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma is a profoundly malignant soft-tissue sarcoma that predominantly affects children and adolescents. However, the medical field lacks consensus regarding the optimal surgical approach to be undertaken in cases where this tumor causes local bone destruction in the upper limb. Case description A 17-year-old male presented a mass in his left forearm and CT and MRI indicated that the mass had penetrated the ulnar cortex and infiltrating the medulla, resulting in the formation of an eccentric trans-ventricular tumor focus. The sizable tumor affected the volar muscles of the forearm as well as the ulnar bone marrow, exerting pressure on the ulnar artery and vein. It was confirmed by needle biopsy that the mass is alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Following two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the tumor was widely excised en bloc. Autologous fibula with a vascular pedicle was utilized for reconstruction during the procedure. In the postoperative follow-up, no local recurrence of the tumor was observed. Furthermore, the patient retained satisfactory wrist flexion and pronation function in the left forearm. Conclusions Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is an uncommon and highly aggressive form of soft tissue sarcoma. Scientific management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, combining chemotherapy with surgery. In cases where the tumor invaded into compartment of the bone, careful consideration should be given to the boundaries of tumor resection, the extent of osteotomy, and the approach to musculoskeletal reconstruction when designing the surgical plan. Through reporting our own case and thoroughly reviewing previous clinical experiences, we aim to provide valuable insights for the treatment of this particular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Weidong Wang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Department, Shantou University Medical College Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shantou, China
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12
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Di Marco T, Mazzoni M, Greco A, Cassinelli G. Non-oncogene dependencies: Novel opportunities for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116254. [PMID: 38704100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Targeting oncogene addictions have changed the history of subsets of malignancies and continues to represent an excellent therapeutic opportunity. Nonetheless, alternative strategies are required to treat malignancies driven by undruggable oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressor genes and to overcome drug resistance also occurring in cancers addicted to actionable drivers. The discovery of non-oncogene addiction (NOA) uncovered novel therapeutically exploitable "Achilles' heels". NOA refers to genes/pathways not oncogenic per sé but essential for the tumor cell growth/survival while dispensable for normal cells. The clinical success of several classes of conventional and molecular targeted agents can be ascribed to their impact on both tumor cell-associated intrinsic as well as microenvironment-related extrinsic NOA. The integration of genetic, computational and pharmacological high-throughput approaches led to the identification of an expanded repertoire of synthetic lethality interactions implicating NOA targets. Only a few of them have been translated into the clinics as most NOA vulnerabilities are not easily druggable or appealing targets. Nonetheless, their identification has provided in-depth knowledge of tumor pathobiology and suggested novel therapeutic opportunities. Here, we summarize conceptual framework of intrinsic and extrinsic NOA providing exploitable vulnerabilities. Conventional and emerging methodological approaches used to disclose NOA dependencies are reported together with their limits. We illustrate NOA paradigmatic and peculiar examples and outline the functional/mechanistic aspects, potential druggability and translational interest. Finally, we comment on difficulties in exploiting the NOA-generated knowledge to develop novel therapeutic approaches to be translated into the clinics and to fully harness the potential of clinically available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Di Marco
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Mazzoni
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Greco
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cassinelli
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Experimental Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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13
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Petusseau AF, Clark M, Bruza P, Gladstone D, Pogue BW. Intracellular Oxygen Transient Quantification in Vivo During Ultra-High Dose Rate FLASH Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024:S0360-3016(24)00610-2. [PMID: 38703954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Large, rapid extracellular oxygen transients (ΔpO2) have been measured in vivo during ultra-high dose rate radiation therapy; however, it has been unclear if they match intracellular oxygen levels. Here, the endogenously produced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) delayed fluorescence signal was measured as an intracellular in-vivo oxygen sensor to quantify these transients, with direct comparison to extracellular pO2. Intracellular ΔpO2 is closer to the cellular DNA, the site of major radiobiological damage, and therefore should help elucidate radiochemical mechanisms of the FLASH effect and potentially be translated to human tissue measurement. METHODS AND MATERIALS PpIX was induced in mouse skin through intraperitoneal injection of 250 mg/kg of aminolevulinic acid. The animals were also administered a 50 µL intradermal injection of 10 µM oxyphor G4 (PdG4) for phosphorescence lifetime pO2 measurement. Paired oxygen transients were quantified in leg or flank tissues while delivering 10 MeV electrons in 3 µs pulses at 360 Hz for a total dose of 10 to 28 Gy. RESULTS Transient reductions in pO2 were quantifiable in both PpIX delayed fluorescence and oxyphor phosphorescence, corresponding to intracellular and extracellular pO2 values, respectively. Reponses were quantified for 10, 22, and 28 Gy doses, with ΔpO2 found to be proportional to the dose on average. The ΔpO2 values were dependent on initial pO2 in a logistic function. The average and standard deviations in ΔpO2 per dose were 0.56 ± 0.18 mm Hg/Gy and 0.43 ± 0.06 mm Hg/Gy for PpIX and oxyphor, respectively, for initial pO2 > 20 mm Hg. Although there was large variability in the individual animal measurements of ΔpO2, the average values demonstrated a direct and proportional correlation between intracellular and extracellular pO2 changes, following a linear 1:1 relationship. CONCLUSIONS A fundamentally new approach to measuring intracellular oxygen depletion in living tissue showed that ΔpO2 transients seen during ultra-high dose rate radiation therapy matched those quantified using extracellular oxygen measurement. This approach could be translated to humans to quantify intracellular ΔpO2. The measurement of these transients could potentially allow the estimation of intracellular reactive oxygen species production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Clark
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Petr Bruza
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - David Gladstone
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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14
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Khalatbari H, Shulkin BL, Parisi MT. PET/CT and PET/MR in Soft Tissue Sarcoma: An Update. Semin Nucl Med 2024; 54:313-331. [PMID: 38423851 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas account for 6%-8% of pediatric cancers. The rhabdomyosarcoma family is the most frequent soft tissue sarcoma in this age group accounting for 3% of pediatric cancers. Rhabdomyosarcomas are high-grade tumors with a high propensity to metastasize. The risk-adapted, multimodal therapeutic approach for rhabdomyosarcomas incorporates a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and multi-agent cytotoxic chemotherapy. Soft tissue sarcomas other than rhabdomyosarcoma account for 3%-4% of pediatric cancers. The nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas include both low-grade and high-grade tumors. While surgery is the mainstay of therapy in most non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas, many cases require a multimodal therapeutic approach including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In North America, most pediatric patients with soft tissue sarcomas are treated in Children's Oncology Group clinical trials. In this article, we will primarily focus on the staging, risk stratification, imaging recommendations, and interpretations in accordance with the Children's Oncology Group trials. We will review the results and recommendations of International Soft Tissue Sarcoma Database Consortium and European trials in relevant sections where they provide complementary guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Khalatbari
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | - Marguerite T Parisi
- University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA
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15
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Li Q, Chen Y, Chen Y, Hua Z, Gong B, Liu Z, Thiele CJ, Li Z. Novel small molecule DMAMCL induces differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma by downregulating of DLL1. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116562. [PMID: 38626518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a mesenchymal tumor occurring in the soft tissue of children, is associated with a defect in differentiation. This study unveils a novel anti-tumor mechanism of dimethylaminomicheliolide (DMAMCL), which is a water-soluble derivative of Micheliolide. First, we demonstrate that DMAMCL inhibits RMS cell growth without obvious cell death, leading to morphological alterations, enhanced expression of muscle differentiation markers, and a shift from a malignant to a more benign metabolic phenotype. Second, we detected decreased expression of DLL1 in RMS cells after DMAMCL treatment, known as a pivotal ligand in the Notch signaling pathway. Downregulation of DLL1 inhibits RMS cell growth and induces morphological changes similar to the effects of DMAMCL. Furthermore, DMAMCL treatment or loss of DLL1 expression also inhibits RMS xenograft tumor growth and augmented the expression of differentiation markers. Surprisingly, in C2C12 cells DMAMCL treatment or DLL1 downregulation also induces cell growth inhibition and an elevation in muscle differentiation marker expression. These data indicated that DMAMCL induced RMS differentiation and DLL1 is an important factor for RMS differentiation, opening a new window for the clinical use of DMAMCL as an agent for differentiation-inducing therapy for RMS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yexi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zhongyan Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Baocheng Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carol J Thiele
- Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environment and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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16
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Milosevic E, Novkovic M, Cenni V, Bavelloni A, Kojic S, Jasnic J. Molecular characterization of ANKRD1 in rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines: expression, localization, and proteasomal degradation. Histochem Cell Biol 2024; 161:435-444. [PMID: 38396247 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-024-02272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue malignancy in children and adolescents. Respecting the age of the patients and the tumor aggressiveness, investigation of the molecular mechanisms of RMS tumorigenesis is directed toward the identification of novel therapeutic targets. To contribute to a better understanding of the molecular pathology of RMS, we investigated ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1), designated as a potential marker for differential diagnostics. In this study, we used three RMS cell lines (SJRH30, RD, and HS-729) to assess its expression profile, intracellular localization, and turnover. They express wild-type ANKRD1, as judged by the sequencing of the open reading frame. Each cell line expressed a different amount of ANKRD1 protein, although the transcript level was similar. According to western blot analysis, ANKRD1 protein was expressed at detectable levels in the SJRH30 and RD cells (SJRH30 > RD), but not in the HS-729, even after immunoprecipitation. Immunocytochemistry revealed nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of ANKRD1 in all examined cell lines. Moreover, the punctate pattern of ANKRD1 staining in the nuclei of RD and HS-729 cells overlapped with coilin, indicating its association with Cajal bodies. We have shown that RMS cells are not able to overexpress ANKRD1 protein, which can be attributed to its proteasomal degradation. The unsuccessful attempt to overexpress ANKRD1 in RMS cells indicates the possibility that its overexpression may have detrimental effects for RMS cells and opens a window for further research into its role in RMS pathogenesis and for potential therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Milosevic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Novkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vittoria Cenni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi-Luca Cavalli-Sforza" Unit of Bologna, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Bavelloni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Snezana Kojic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Jasnic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042, Belgrade, Serbia.
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17
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Segovia D, Tepes PS. p160 nuclear receptor coactivator family members and their role in rare fusion‑driven neoplasms (Review). Oncol Lett 2024; 27:210. [PMID: 38572059 PMCID: PMC10988192 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene fusions with translocations involving nuclear receptor coactivators (NCoAs) are relatively common among fusion-driven malignancies. NCoAs are essential mediators of environmental cues and can modulate the transcription of downstream target genes upon binding to activated nuclear receptors. Therefore, fusion proteins containing NCoAs can become strong oncogenic drivers, affecting the cell transcriptional profile. These tumors show a strong dependency on the fusion oncogene; therefore, the direct pharmacological targeting of the fusion protein becomes an attractive strategy for therapy. Currently, different combinations of chemotherapy regimens are used to treat a variety of NCoA-fusion-driven tumors, but given the frequent tumor reoccurrence, more efficient treatment strategies are needed. Specific approaches directed towards inhibition or silencing of the fusion gene need to be developed while minimizing the interference with the original genes. This review highlights the relevant literature describing the normal function and structure of NCoAs and their oncogenic activity in NCoA-gene fusion-driven cancers, and explores potential strategies that could be effective in targeting these fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Segovia
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Polona Safaric Tepes
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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18
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Janssens GE, Molenaars M, Herzog K, Grevendonk L, Remie CME, Vervaart MAT, Elfrink HL, Wever EJM, Schomakers BV, Denis SW, Waterham HR, Pras-Raves ML, van Weeghel M, van Kampen AHC, Tammaro A, Butter LM, van der Rijt S, Florquin S, Jongejan A, Moerland PD, Hoeks J, Schrauwen P, Vaz FM, Houtkooper RH. A conserved complex lipid signature marks human muscle aging and responds to short-term exercise. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:681-693. [PMID: 38609524 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Studies in preclinical models suggest that complex lipids, such as phospholipids, play a role in the regulation of longevity. However, identification of universally conserved complex lipid changes that occur during aging, and how these respond to interventions, is lacking. Here, to comprehensively map how complex lipids change during aging, we profiled ten tissues in young versus aged mice using a lipidomics platform. Strikingly, from >1,200 unique lipids, we found a tissue-wide accumulation of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) during mouse aging. To investigate translational value, we assessed muscle tissue of young and older people, and found a similar marked BMP accumulation in the human aging lipidome. Furthermore, we found that a healthy-aging intervention consisting of moderate-to-vigorous exercise was able to lower BMP levels in postmenopausal female research participants. Our work implicates complex lipid biology as central to aging, identifying a conserved aging lipid signature of BMP accumulation that is modifiable upon a short-term healthy-aging intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katharina Herzog
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lotte Grevendonk
- Department of Nutrition and Human Movement Sciences, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn M E Remie
- Department of Nutrition and Human Movement Sciences, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin A T Vervaart
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hyung L Elfrink
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric J M Wever
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simone W Denis
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mia L Pras-Raves
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antoine H C van Kampen
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Tammaro
- Pathology Department, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loes M Butter
- Pathology Department, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne van der Rijt
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Pathology Department, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Pathology Department, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Perry D Moerland
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Human Movement Sciences, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Human Movement Sciences, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Yun S, Park JE, Kim N, Park SY, Kim HS. Reducing false positives in deep learning-based brain metastasis detection by using both gradient-echo and spin-echo contrast-enhanced MRI: validation in a multi-center diagnostic cohort. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:2873-2884. [PMID: 37891415 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a deep learning (DL) for detection of brain metastasis (BM) that incorporates both gradient- and turbo spin-echo contrast-enhanced MRI (dual-enhanced DL) and evaluate it in a clinical cohort in comparison with human readers and DL using gradient-echo-based imaging only (GRE DL). MATERIALS AND METHODS DL detection was developed using data from 200 patients with BM (training set) and tested in 62 (internal) and 48 (external) consecutive patients who underwent stereotactic radiosurgery and diagnostic dual-enhanced imaging (dual-enhanced DL) and later guide GRE imaging (GRE DL). The detection sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) were compared between two DLs. Two neuroradiologists independently analyzed BM and reference standards for BM were separately drawn by another neuroradiologist. The relative differences (RDs) from the reference standard BM numbers were compared between the DLs and neuroradiologists. RESULTS Sensitivity was similar between GRE DL (93%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 90-96%) and dual-enhanced DL (92% [89-94%]). The PPV of the dual-enhanced DL was higher (89% [86-92%], p < .001) than that of GRE DL (76%, [72-80%]). GRE DL significantly overestimated the number of metastases (false positives; RD: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.00-0.58) compared with neuroradiologists (RD: 0.00, 95% CI: - 0.28, 0.15, p < .001), whereas dual-enhanced DL (RD: 0.00, 95% CI: 0.00-0.15) did not show a statistically significant difference from neuroradiologists (RD: 0.00, 95% CI: - 0.20-0.10, p = .913). CONCLUSION The dual-enhanced DL showed improved detection of BM and reduced overestimation compared with GRE DL, achieving similar performance to neuroradiologists. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The use of deep learning-based brain metastasis detection with turbo spin-echo imaging reduces false positive detections, aiding in the guidance of stereotactic radiosurgery when gradient-echo imaging alone is employed. KEY POINTS •Deep learning for brain metastasis detection improved by using both gradient- and turbo spin-echo contrast-enhanced MRI (dual-enhanced deep learning). •Dual-enhanced deep learning increased true positive detections and reduced overestimation. •Dual-enhanced deep learning achieved similar performance to neuroradiologists for brain metastasis counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyoung Yun
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 43 Olympic-Ro 88, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Seo Young Park
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 43 Olympic-Ro 88, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
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20
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Murali SK, Mansell TJ. Next generation probiotics: Engineering live biotherapeutics. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 72:108336. [PMID: 38432422 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The population dynamics of the human microbiome have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, autoimmune diseases, and many other human disease states. An emerging paradigm in treatment is the administration of live engineered organisms, also called next-generation probiotics. However, the efficacy of these microbial therapies can be limited by the organism's overall performance in the harsh and nutrient-limited environment of the gut. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art use of bacterial and yeast strains as probiotics, highlight the recent development of genetic tools for engineering new therapeutic functions in these organisms, and report on the latest therapeutic applications of engineered probiotics, including recent clinical trials. We also discuss the supplementation of prebiotics as a method of manipulating the microbiome and improving the overall performance of engineered live biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeva Kumar Murali
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Thomas J Mansell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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21
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Singhto N, Pongphitcha P, Jinawath N, Hongeng S, Chutipongtanate S. Extracellular Vesicles for Childhood Cancer Liquid Biopsy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1681. [PMID: 38730633 PMCID: PMC11083250 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy involves the utilization of minimally invasive or noninvasive techniques to detect biomarkers in biofluids for disease diagnosis, monitoring, or guiding treatments. This approach is promising for the early diagnosis of childhood cancer, especially for brain tumors, where tissue biopsies are more challenging and cause late detection. Extracellular vesicles offer several characteristics that make them ideal resources for childhood cancer liquid biopsy. Extracellular vesicles are nanosized particles, primarily secreted by all cell types into body fluids such as blood and urine, and contain molecular cargos, i.e., lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids of original cells. Notably, the lipid bilayer-enclosed structure of extracellular vesicles protects their cargos from enzymatic degradation in the extracellular milieu. Proteins and nucleic acids of extracellular vesicles represent genetic alterations and molecular profiles of childhood cancer, thus serving as promising resources for precision medicine in cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis prediction. This review evaluates the recent progress of extracellular vesicles as a liquid biopsy platform for various types of childhood cancer, discusses the mechanistic roles of molecular cargos in carcinogenesis and metastasis, and provides perspectives on extracellular vesicle-guided therapeutic intervention. Extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy for childhood cancer may ultimately contribute to improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilubon Singhto
- Ramathibodi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Pongpak Pongphitcha
- Bangkok Child Health Center, Bangkok Hospital Headquarters, Bangkok 10130, Thailand;
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Natini Jinawath
- Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
- Integrative Computational Biosciences Center, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- MILCH and Novel Therapeutics Laboratory, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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22
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Ramadan F, Saab R, Ghamloush F, Khoueiry R, Herceg Z, Gomez L, Badran B, Clezardin P, Hussein N, Cohen PA, Ghayad SE. Exosome-Mediated Paracrine Signaling Unveils miR-1246 as a Driver of Aggressiveness in Fusion-Negative Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1652. [PMID: 38730605 PMCID: PMC11083369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a pediatric cancer associated with aggressiveness and a tendency to develop metastases. Fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN-RMS) is the most commonly occurring subtype of RMS, where metastatic disease can hinder treatment success and decrease survival rates. RMS-derived exosomes were previously demonstrated to be enriched with miRNAs, including miR-1246, possibly contributing to disease aggressiveness. We aimed to decipher the functional impact of exosomal miR-1246 on recipient cells and its role in promoting aggressiveness. Treatment of normal fibroblasts with FN-RMS-derived exosomes resulted in a significant uptake of miR-1246 paired with an increase in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In turn, delivery of miR-1246-mimic lipoplexes promoted fibroblast proliferation, migration, and invasion in a similar manner. Conversely, when silencing miR-1246 in FN-RMS cells, the resulting derived exosomes demonstrated reversed effects on recipient cells' phenotype. Delivery of exosomal miR-1246 targets GSK3β and promotes β-catenin nuclear accumulation, suggesting a deregulation of the Wnt pathway, known to be important in tumor progression. Finally, a pilot clinical study highlighted, for the first time, the presence of high exosomal miR-1246 levels in RMS patients' sera. Altogether, our results demonstrate that exosomal miR-1246 has the potential to alter the tumor microenvironment of FN-RMS cells, suggesting its potential role in promoting oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Ramadan
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; (F.R.); (P.C.)
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, 69372 Lyon, France
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon; (B.B.); (N.H.)
| | - Raya Saab
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (R.S.); (F.G.)
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Farah Ghamloush
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (R.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Rita Khoueiry
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69366 Cedex 07 Lyon, France; (R.K.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69366 Cedex 07 Lyon, France; (R.K.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ludovic Gomez
- Laboratoire CarMeN—IRIS Team, INSERM, INRA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, INSA-Lyon, Univ-Lyon, 69500 Bron, France;
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon; (B.B.); (N.H.)
| | - Philippe Clezardin
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; (F.R.); (P.C.)
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon; (B.B.); (N.H.)
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Pascale A. Cohen
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; (F.R.); (P.C.)
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Sandra E. Ghayad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon
- C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE 1260, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
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23
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Welsh A, Serala K, Prince S, Smith GS. Selective Targeting of Regulated Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells by Trinuclear Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6673-6686. [PMID: 38569098 PMCID: PMC11056987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of benzimidazole-based trinuclear ruthenium(II)-arene complexes (1-3) to selectively target the rare cancer rhabdomyosarcoma is reported. Preliminary cytotoxic evaluations of the ruthenium complexes in an eight-cancer cell line panel revealed enhanced, selective cytotoxicity toward rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RMS). The trinuclear complex 1 was noted to show superior short- and long-term cytotoxicity in RMS cell lines and enhanced selectivity relative to cisplatin. Remarkably, 1 inhibits the migration of metastatic RMS cells and maintains superior activity in a 3D multicellular spheroid model in comparison to that of the clinically used cisplatin. Mechanistic insights reveal that 1 effectively induces genomic DNA damage, initiates autophagy, and prompts the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in RMS cells. To the best of our knowledge, 1 is the first trinuclear ruthenium(II) arene complex to selectively kill RMS cells in 2D and 3D cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athi Welsh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | - Karabo Serala
- Department
of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
| | - Sharon Prince
- Department
of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
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24
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Korbecki J, Bosiacki M, Szatkowska I, Kupnicka P, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Clinical Significance and Involvement in Molecular Cancer Processes of Chemokine CXCL1 in Selected Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4365. [PMID: 38673949 PMCID: PMC11050300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines play a key role in cancer processes, with CXCL1 being a well-studied example. Due to the lack of a complete summary of CXCL1's role in cancer in the literature, in this study, we examine the significance of CXCL1 in various cancers such as bladder, glioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, leukemias, Kaposi's sarcoma, lung, osteosarcoma, renal, and skin cancers (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma), along with thyroid cancer. We focus on understanding how CXCL1 is involved in the cancer processes of these specific types of tumors. We look at how CXCL1 affects cancer cells, including their proliferation, migration, EMT, and metastasis. We also explore how CXCL1 influences other cells connected to tumors, like promoting angiogenesis, recruiting neutrophils, and affecting immune cell functions. Additionally, we discuss the clinical aspects by exploring how CXCL1 levels relate to cancer staging, lymph node metastasis, patient outcomes, chemoresistance, and radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Iwona Szatkowska
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.B.); (D.C.)
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25
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Zhang G, Sun N, Ni X, Su Y, He L, Liu Z, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhang X, Liu Q, Liu Z, Li X, Mei L, Liu Y, Ji T, Wang S. Treatment of nasolabial fold rhabdomyosarcoma in children: A single-institution experience. Head Neck 2024; 46:905-914. [PMID: 38214480 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with nasolabial fold rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). METHODS Retrospective review of children treated for nasolabial fold RMS from January 2014 to September 2019. RESULTS Of 21 patients with nasolabial fold RMS, 90.48% were alveolar subtype, in which PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion positive accounted for 87.5%. Ten patients (47.62%) had nodals invasion. Almost all patients received comprehensive treatment (chemotherapy [100%], radiation therapy [100%], and surgery [95.24%]). The median follow-up time was 34.3 months. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) was 67.7% ± 14.1% and 42.1% ± 13.5%, respectively. Four patients had regional lymph node relapse (NR), all in the ipsilateral submandibular lymph node region. CONCLUSION Majority of the patients with RMS in the nasolabial fold area were alveolar subtype and had positive PAX3/7-FOXO1 gene fusion. In addition, the nasolabial fold RMS had a high probability of regional lymph node metastasis in the submandibular area. To maintain the facial aesthetics and functions, the surgical area for nasolabial fold RMS is often very conservative and restricted. This could be one of the contributors for the poor prognosis of nasolabial fold RMS beside its worse pathological subtype and gene fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Nian Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lejian He
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhikai Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoyin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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26
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Parvathy G, Kamaraj B, Sah B, Maheshwari A, Alexander A, Dixit V, Mumtaz H, Saqib M. Emerging artificial intelligence-aided diagnosis and management methods for ischemic strokes and vascular occlusions: A comprehensive review. World Neurosurg X 2024; 22:100303. [PMID: 38510336 PMCID: PMC10951088 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2024.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke is a promising field for the use of AI, especially machine learning (ML) because optimal results are highly dependent on timely diagnosis, communication, and treatment. In order to better understand the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) in relation to LVO strokes, its efficacy, and potential future applications, we searched relevant literature to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the topic. The databases PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were extensively searched for this review. Studies were then screened using title and abstract criteria and duplicate studies were excluded. By using pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria, it was decided whether or not to include full-text papers in the final analysis. The studies were analyzed, and the relevant information was retrieved. In recognizing LVO on computed tomography, ML approaches were very accurate. There is a shortage of AI applications for thrombectomy patient selection, despite the fact that certain research accurately evaluates individual patient eligibility for endovascular therapy. Machine learning algorithms may reasonably predict clinical and angiographic outcomes as well as associated factors. AI has shown promise in the diagnosis and treatment of people who have just suffered a stroke. However, the usefulness of AI in management and forecasting remains restricted, necessitating more studies into machine learning applications that can guide decision making in the future.
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27
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Knapp J, Babu H, Benjamin S, Shapiro A. Hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the pituitary gland without an identifiable primary lesion. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:1263-1267. [PMID: 38292788 PMCID: PMC10825538 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. However, brain metastases from this cancer are incredibly rare. While the hepatocellular carcinoma mortality rate in the United States has been increasing, hepatocellular carcinoma is rare among patients without underlying liver disease. Here we present a patient with a history of left optic nerve meningioma treated with stereotactic radiosurgery who presented with acute vision loss. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhancing mass lesion in the region of the sella turcica. Neurosurgical histopathology revealed a metastatic lesion consistent with hepatocellular carcinoma. Systemic workup failed to identify a primary liver lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Knapp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Harish Babu
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Sam Benjamin
- Department of Medical Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Anna Shapiro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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28
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Felício D, Santos M. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11): TTBK2 variants, functions and associated disease mechanisms. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:678-687. [PMID: 36892783 PMCID: PMC10951003 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11) is a rare type of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, mainly characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, abnormal eye signs and dysarthria. SCA11 is caused by variants in TTBK2, which encodes tau tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) protein. Only a few families with SCA11 were described to date, all harbouring small deletions or insertions that result in frameshifts and truncated TTBK2 proteins. In addition, TTBK2 missense variants were also reported but they were either benign or still needed functional validation to ascertain their pathogenic potential in SCA11. The mechanisms behind cerebellar neurodegeneration mediated by TTBK2 pathogenic alleles are not clearly established. There is only one neuropathological report and a few functional studies in cell or animal models published to date. Moreover, it is still unclear whether the disease is caused by TTBK2 haploinsufficiency of by a dominant negative effect of TTBK2 truncated forms on the normal allele. Some studies point to a lack of kinase activity and mislocalization of mutated TTBK2, while others reported a disruption of normal TTBK2 function caused by SCA11 alleles, particularly during ciliogenesis. Although TTBK2 has a proven function in cilia formation, the phenotype caused by heterozygous TTBK2 truncating variants are not clearly typical of ciliopathies. Thus, other cellular mechanisms may explain the phenotype seen in SCA11. Neurotoxicity caused by impaired TTBK2 kinase activity against known neuronal targets, such as tau, TDP-43, neurotransmitter receptors or transporters, may contribute to neurodegeneration in SCA11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Felício
- UnIGENe, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS, Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Santos
- UnIGENe, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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29
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Muniyapillai T, Kulothungan K, Vignesh KNJ, Keerthi CMS, Godwyn SR, Shivashankari SB, Bhonsle BSR, Krishnakumar SP, Suresh SD. Suicide and its risk factors - An ecological study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:84. [PMID: 38720684 PMCID: PMC11078457 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_940_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is tremendous variation in both the prevalence of suicide and the factors that contribute to its occurrence across geographic locations, cultures, and time. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the various socio-demographic risk factors and psychosocial stressors using population data. MATERIALS AND METHODS The countries that were included in the study were based on data from the World Health Organization. We considered the top ten suicide countries and the ten lowest suicide nations. We searched five global databases for the most recent socio-demographic data and data on psychosocial stressors during the period of August and September 2022. We analyzed the correlation between suicide rates and various factors, and we considered a P value of less than 0.05 to be statistically significant. RESULTS The correlation of suicide with sociodemographic factors like age (P 0.246), gender (male, P 0.357, and female, P 0.357), net enrolment rate (P 0.725), gender parity index (P 0.929), urban population percentage (P 0.571), marital status (male, P 0.345, and female, P 0.752), and literacy rate percentage (P 0.199) was not significant. The correlation of suicide with psychosocial stressors like unemployment percentage (P 0.552), alcoholism percentage (P 0.271), the prevalence of depression (P 0.523), the number of psychiatrists (P 0.605), the number of mental hospitals (r = -0.090, P 0.713), and the poverty rate percentage (P 0.538) were also not significant. CONCLUSION Suicide is a major public health issue, yet global suicide data is scarce. Sociodemographic factors like age, urbanization, and literacy rate were negatively correlated, whereas psychosocial stressors like unemployment, alcohol misuse, and poverty were positively correlated, but none were significantly associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamilarasan Muniyapillai
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Kulothungan
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Nawin Jai Vignesh
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - CM Sathya Keerthi
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sherin Rosetta Godwyn
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - SB Shivashankari
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Shivanjali Raje Bhonsle
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmuga Priya Krishnakumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shivani Devi Suresh
- Department of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wu J, Zeng Q. Nomogram to predict prognosis of head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma patients in children and adolescents. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1378251. [PMID: 38590659 PMCID: PMC11000417 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1378251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to explore the prognostic factors of head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS) in children and adolescents and construct a simple but reliable nomogram model for estimating overall survival (OS) of patients. Methods Data of all HNRMS patients during 2004-2018 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result database. Kaplan-Meier method was performed to calculate OS stratified by subgroups and comparison between subgroups was completed by log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regressions analysis were employed for identifying independent predictors, which subsequently were used for a predictive model by R software, and the efficacy of the model was evaluated by applying receiver operating curve (ROC), calibration and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results A total of 446 patients were included in the study. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rate of the whole cohort was 90.6%, 80.0%, and 75.5%, respectively. The results of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the primary site in parameningeal region, alveolar RMS histology, M1 stage, IRS stage 4, surgery, and chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors (all P<0.05). The performance of nomogram model was validated by discrimination and calibration, with AUC values of 1, 3, and 5 years OS of 0.843, 0.851, and 0.890, respectively. Conclusion We constructed a prognostic nomogram model for predicting the OS in HNRMS patients in children and adolescents and this model presented practical and applicable clinical value to predict survival when choosing treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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31
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Ceccato A, Forne C, Bos LD, Camprubí-Rimblas M, Areny-Balagueró A, Campaña-Duel E, Quero S, Diaz E, Roca O, De Gonzalo-Calvo D, Fernández-Barat L, Motos A, Ferrer R, Riera J, Lorente JA, Peñuelas O, Menendez R, Amaya-Villar R, Añón JM, Balan-Mariño A, Barberà C, Barberán J, Blandino-Ortiz A, Boado MV, Bustamante-Munguira E, Caballero J, Carbajales C, Carbonell N, Catalán-González M, Franco N, Galbán C, Gumucio-Sanguino VD, de la Torre MDC, Estella Á, Gallego E, García-Garmendia JL, Garnacho-Montero J, Gómez JM, Huerta A, Jorge-García RN, Loza-Vázquez A, Marin-Corral J, Martínez de la Gándara A, Martin-Delgado MC, Martínez-Varela I, Messa JL, Muñiz-Albaiceta G, Nieto MT, Novo MA, Peñasco Y, Pozo-Laderas JC, Pérez-García F, Ricart P, Roche-Campo F, Rodríguez A, Sagredo V, Sánchez-Miralles A, Sancho-Chinesta S, Socias L, Solé-Violan J, Suarez-Sipmann F, Tamayo-Lomas L, Trenado J, Úbeda A, Valdivia LJ, Vidal P, Bermejo J, Gonzalez J, Barbe F, Calfee CS, Artigas A, Torres A. Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort. Crit Care 2024; 28:91. [PMID: 38515193 PMCID: PMC10958830 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04876-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster. METHODS Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3. RESULTS Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3. CONCLUSIONS During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Ceccato
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor, Grupo Quironsalud, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carles Forne
- Heorfy Consulting, Lleida, Spain
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lieuwe D Bos
- Intensive Care and Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (LEICA), Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Camprubí-Rimblas
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aina Areny-Balagueró
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Campaña-Duel
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Quero
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emili Diaz
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Roca
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David De Gonzalo-Calvo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Aranu de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Laia Fernández-Barat
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Motos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Ferrer
- Intensive Care Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Riera
- Intensive Care Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose A Lorente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Peñuelas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Menendez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pulmonary Department, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosario Amaya-Villar
- Intensive Care Clinical Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - José M Añón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - José Barberán
- Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Facultad HM Hospitales de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Camilo Jose Cela, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aaron Blandino-Ortiz
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Intensive Care Unit, and Emergency Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Elena Bustamante-Munguira
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universitario Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús Caballero
- Critical Intensive Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Carbonell
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristóbal Galbán
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, CHUS, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago, Spain
| | - Víctor D Gumucio-Sanguino
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Del Carmen de la Torre
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital de Mataró de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel Estella
- Department of Medicine, Intensive Care Unit University Hospital of Jerez, University of Cádiz, INIBiCA, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Elena Gallego
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - José Garnacho-Montero
- Intensive Care Clinical Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - José M Gómez
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Huerta
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Emergency Department, Clínica Sagrada Família, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana Loza-Vázquez
- Unidad de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guillermo Muñiz-Albaiceta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Hospital Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Mariana Andrea Novo
- Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Yhivian Peñasco
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Pozo-Laderas
- UGC-Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Instituto Maimonides IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Felipe Pérez-García
- Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias - Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Ricart
- Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ferran Roche-Campo
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Verge de la Cinta, Tortosa, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, CIBERES, Rovira and Virgili University, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Angel Sánchez-Miralles
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan d'Alacant, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - Susana Sancho-Chinesta
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Socias
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
| | - Jordi Solé-Violan
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario de GC Dr. Negrín, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Fernando Suarez-Sipmann
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Tamayo-Lomas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Trenado
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Úbeda
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Punta de Europa, Algeciras, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Vidal
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Orense, Spain
| | - Jesus Bermejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesica Gonzalez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Aranu de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbe
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Aranu de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Plaça Torre de L'Aigua, S/N, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antoni Torres
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Ohashi K, Hayashida A, Nozawa A, Ito S. RNA sequencing analysis of early-stage atherosclerosis in vascular-on-a-chip and its application for comparing combustible cigarettes with heated tobacco products. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 6:100163. [PMID: 38571525 PMCID: PMC10987886 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed promising results in replicating early-stage atherosclerosis when vascular endothelial cells (VECs) were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract via M0 macrophages. We used an organ-on-a-chip system as an alternative to animal testing to model atherosclerosis, which is a complex disease involving endothelial and immune cell communications. By incorporating macrophages into the vascular-on-a-chip system, we aimed to mimic the indirect effects of inhalable substances, such as CS, on VECs. In the current study, we further examined the suitability of our in vitro system for mimicking early-stage atherosclerosis by transcriptomic analyses of VECs exposed to CS directly or indirectly via macrophages. We also incorporated M1 macrophages to replicate a preexisting inflammatory state. We found a greater number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in direct exposure methods than indirect exposure methods. However, a pathway analysis showed that the direct exposure of CS to VECs primarily caused cell death-related pathway alterations, and the "Atherosclerosis Signaling" pathway was predicted to be negatively regulated. Indirect exposure via M0 macrophages similarly showed that the identified DEGs were related to cell death, while the "Atherosclerosis Signaling" pathway was predicted to be activated. In contrast, cell death-related pathway alterations were not observed by indirect exposure of CS to VECs via M1 macrophages, but the pathway perturbations were similar to a pro-inflammatory positive control. In addition, the "Atherosclerosis Signaling" pathway was predicted to be activated in VECs that were indirectly exposed to CS via M1 macrophages. These results suggest that M0 or M1 macrophages contribute to atherogenic transcriptomic changes in VECs, although they affect cell death-related pathways differently. We also used indirect exposure methods to compare the effects of CS and heated tobacco product (HTP) aerosol. Notably, gene expression changes related to atherosclerosis were less pronounced in HTP aerosol-exposed VECs than CS. Our study highlights the utility of the vascular-on-a-chip system with indirect exposure of CS extract via macrophages for replicating atherogenesis and suggests a reduced risk potential of the HTP. This research contributes to advancing alternatives to animal testing for toxicological and disease modeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Atsuko Nozawa
- Scientific Product Assessment Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227-8512, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Ito
- Scientific Product Assessment Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2, Umegaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227-8512, Japan
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Van Baelen K, Van Cauwenberge J, Maetens M, Beck G, Camden A, Chase MC, Fraser V, Freeney S, Hutcheson L, Levine JK, Lien T, Terveer R, Turner C, Senkus E, Jankowitz RC, Vandecaveye V, Floris G, Neven P, Wildiers H, Sawyer E, Vincent-Salomon A, Derksen PWB, Desmedt C. Reporting on invasive lobular breast cancer in clinical trials: a systematic review. NPJ Breast Cancer 2024; 10:23. [PMID: 38509112 PMCID: PMC10954721 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-024-00627-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) differs from invasive breast cancer of no special type in many ways. Evidence on treatment efficacy for ILC is, however, lacking. We studied the degree of documentation and representation of ILC in phase III/IV clinical trials for novel breast cancer treatments. Trials were identified on Pubmed and clinicaltrials.gov. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were reviewed for requirements on histological subtype and tumor measurability. Documentation of ILC was assessed and ILC inclusion rate, central pathology and subgroup analyses were evaluated. Inclusion restrictions concerning tumor measurability were found in 39/93 manuscripts. Inclusion rates for ILC were documented in 13/93 manuscripts and varied between 2.0 and 26.0%. No central pathology for ILC was reported and 3/13 manuscripts had ILC sub-analyses. ILC is largely disregarded in most trials with poor representation and documentation. The current inclusion criteria using RECIST v1.1, fall short in recognizing the unique non-measurable metastatic infiltration of ILC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Van Baelen
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josephine Van Cauwenberge
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marion Maetens
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriela Beck
- European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ann Camden
- Lobular Breast Cancer Alliance inc., Plymouth, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Siobhan Freeney
- European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Lobular Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Tone Lien
- European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rian Terveer
- European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Borstkankervereniging Nederland, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Claire Turner
- European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Lobular Breast Cancer UK, Manchester, UK
| | - Elzbieta Senkus
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rachel C Jankowitz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Abramsom Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Vincent Vandecaveye
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Translational MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Paris, France
| | - Patrick W B Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christine Desmedt
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Chou HY, Lin YC, Hsieh SY, Chou HH, Lai CS, Wang B, Tsai YS. Deep Learning Model for Prediction of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants Using Chest Radiographs. JOURNAL OF IMAGING INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE 2024:10.1007/s10278-024-01050-9. [PMID: 38499706 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-024-01050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is common in preterm infants and may result in pulmonary vascular disease, compromising lung function. This study aimed to employ artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to help physicians accurately diagnose BPD in preterm infants in a timely and efficient manner. This retrospective study involves two datasets: a lung region segmentation dataset comprising 1491 chest radiographs of infants, and a BPD prediction dataset comprising 1021 chest radiographs of preterm infants. Transfer learning of a pre-trained machine learning model was employed for lung region segmentation and image fusion for BPD prediction to enhance the performance of the AI model. The lung segmentation model uses transfer learning to achieve a dice score of 0.960 for preterm infants with ≤ 168 h postnatal age. The BPD prediction model exhibited superior diagnostic performance compared to that of experts and demonstrated consistent performance for chest radiographs obtained at ≤ 24 h postnatal age, and those obtained at 25 to 168 h postnatal age. This study is the first to use deep learning on preterm chest radiographs for lung segmentation to develop a BPD prediction model with an early detection time of less than 24 h. Additionally, this study compared the model's performance according to both NICHD and Jensen criteria for BPD. Results demonstrate that the AI model surpasses the diagnostic accuracy of experts in predicting lung development in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Chou
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chieh Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Sun-Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institution of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, 54561, Taiwan
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Chou
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, 54561, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Shih Lai
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Bow Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Tsai
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
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Hodge KM, Zhabotynsky V, Burt AA, Carter BS, Fry RC, Helderman J, Hofheimer JA, McGowan EC, Neal CR, Pastyrnak SL, Smith LM, DellaGrotta SA, Dansereau LM, Lester BM, Marsit CJ, O'Shea TM, Everson TM. Epigenetic associations in HPA axis genes related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia and antenatal steroids. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03116-4. [PMID: 38480856 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a common morbidity among very preterm infants, is associated with chronic disease and neurodevelopmental impairments. A hypothesized mechanism for these outcomes lies in altered glucocorticoid (GC) activity. We hypothesized that BPD and its treatments may result in epigenetic differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is modulated by GC, and could be ascertained using an established GC risk score and DNA methylation (DNAm) of HPA axis genes. METHODS DNAm was quantified from buccal tissue (ECHO-NOVI) and from neonatal blood spots (ELGAN ECHO) via the EPIC microarray. Prenatal maternal characteristics, pregnancy complication, and neonatal medical complication data were collected from medical record review and maternal interviews. RESULTS The GC score was not associated with steroid exposure or BPD. However, six HPA genes involved in stress response regulation demonstrated differential methylation with antenatal steroid exposure; two CpGs within FKBP5 and POMC were differentially methylated with BPD severity. These findings were sex-specific in both cohorts; males had greater magnitude of differential methylation within these genes. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that BPD severity and antenatal steroids are associated with DNAm at some HPA genes in very preterm infants and the effects appear to be sex-, tissue-, and age-specific. IMPACT This study addresses bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), an important health outcome among preterm neonates, and interrogates a commonly studied pathway, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The combination of BPD, the HPA axis, and epigenetic markers has not been previously reported. In this study, we found that BPD itself was not associated with epigenetic responses in the HPA axis in infants born very preterm; however, antenatal treatment with steroids was associated with epigenetic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyaita M Hodge
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vasyl Zhabotynsky
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amber A Burt
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brian S Carter
- Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Helderman
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Julie A Hofheimer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elisabeth C McGowan
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Charles R Neal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Steven L Pastyrnak
- Department of Pediatrics, Spectrum Health-Helen Devos Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Lynne M Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Sheri A DellaGrotta
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lynne M Dansereau
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barry M Lester
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T Michael O'Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Todd M Everson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Martin-Giacalone BA, Li H, Scheurer ME, Casey DL, Dugan-Perez S, Marquez-Do DA, Muzny D, Gibbs RA, Barkauskas DA, Hall D, Stewart DR, Schiffman JD, McEvoy MT, Khan J, Malkin D, Linardic CM, Crompton BD, Shern JF, Skapek SX, Venkatramani R, Hawkins DS, Sabo A, Plon SE, Lupo PJ. Germline Genetic Testing and Survival Outcomes Among Children With Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e244170. [PMID: 38546643 PMCID: PMC10979319 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.4170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Determining the impact of germline cancer-predisposition variants (CPVs) on outcomes could inform novel approaches to testing and treating children with rhabdomyosarcoma. Objective To assess whether CPVs are associated with outcome among children with rhabdomyosarcoma. Design, Setting, and Participants In this cohort study, data were obtained for individuals, aged 0.01-23.23 years, newly diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma who were treated across 171 Children's Oncology Group sites from March 15, 1999, to December 8, 2017. Data analysis was performed from June 16, 2021, to May 15, 2023. Exposure The presence of a CPV in 24 rhabdomyosarcoma-associated cancer-predisposition genes (CPGs) or an expanded set of 63 autosomal-dominant CPGs. Main Outcomes and Measures Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were the main outcomes, using the Kaplan-Meier estimator to assess survival probabilities and the Cox proportional hazards regression model to adjust for clinical covariates. Analyses were stratified by tumor histology and the fusion status of PAX3 or PAX7 to the FOXO1 gene. Results In this study of 580 individuals with rhabdomyosarcoma, the median patient age was 5.9 years (range, 0.01-23.23 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 1.5 to 1 (351 [60.5%] male). For patients with CPVs in rhabdomyosarcoma-associated CPGs, EFS was 48.4% compared with 57.8% for patients without a CPV (P = .10), and OS was 53.7% compared with 65.3% for patients without a CPV (P = .06). After adjustment, patients with CPVs had significantly worse OS (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.49 [95% CI, 1.39-4.45]; P = .002), and the outcomes were not better among patients with embryonal histology (EFS: AHR, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.25-4.06]; P = .007]; OS: AHR, 2.83 [95% CI, 1.47-5.43]; P = .002]). These associations were not due to the development of a second malignant neoplasm, and importantly, patients with fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma who harbored a CPV had similarly inferior outcomes as patients with fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma without CPVs (EFS: AHR, 1.35 [95% CI, 0.71-2.59]; P = .37; OS: AHR, 1.71 [95% CI, 0.84-3.47]; P = .14). There were no significant differences in outcome by CPV status of the 63 CPG set. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study identified a group of patients with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma who had a particularly poor outcome. Other important clinical findings included that individuals with TP53 had poor outcomes independent of second malignant neoplasms and that patients with fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma who harbored a CPV had outcomes comparable to patients with fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma. These findings suggest that germline CPV testing may aid in clinical prognosis and should be considered in prospective risk-based clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey A. Martin-Giacalone
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - He Li
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael E. Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Dana L. Casey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | | | - Deborah A. Marquez-Do
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Donna Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Donald A. Barkauskas
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
- QuadW Childhood Sarcoma Biostatistics and Annotation Office at the Children’s Oncology Group, Monrovia, California
| | - David Hall
- QuadW Childhood Sarcoma Biostatistics and Annotation Office at the Children’s Oncology Group, Monrovia, California
| | - Douglas R. Stewart
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Joshua D. Schiffman
- Department of Pediatrics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Matthew T. McEvoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Malkin
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corinne M. Linardic
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Brian D. Crompton
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen X. Skapek
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Rajkumar Venkatramani
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Douglas S. Hawkins
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Aniko Sabo
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sharon E. Plon
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Philip J. Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Arama UO. Breaking the challenges to prevent diphtheria in South Africa. New Microbes New Infect 2024; 57:101217. [PMID: 38304168 PMCID: PMC10831143 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
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Glembocki AI, Somers GR. Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in paediatric solid tumours. Pathology 2024; 56:283-296. [PMID: 38216399 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Characterisation of histological, immunohistochemical and molecular prognostic and predictive biomarkers has contributed significantly to precision medicine and better outcomes in the management of paediatric solid tumours. Prognostic biomarkers allow predictions to be made regarding a tumour's aggressiveness and clinical course, whereas predictive biomarkers help determine responses to a specific treatment. This review summarises prognostic biomarkers currently used in the more common paediatric solid tumours, with a brief commentary on the most relevant less common predictive biomarkers. MYCN amplification is the most important genetic alteration in neuroblastoma prognosis, and the histological classification devised by Shimada in 1999 is still used in routine diagnosis. Moreover, a new subgrouping of unfavourable histology neuroblastoma enables immunohistochemical characterisation of tumours with markedly different genetic features and prognosis. The predominant histology and commonly observed cytogenetic abnormalities are recognised outcome predictors in Wilms tumour. Evaluation for anaplasia, which is tightly associated with TP53 gene mutations and poor outcomes, is central in both the International Society of Paediatric Oncology and the Children's Oncology Group approaches to disease classification. Characterisation of distinct genotype-phenotype subclasses and critical mutations has expanded overall understanding of hepatoblastoma outcomes. The C1 subclass hepatoblastoma and CTNNB1 mutations are associated with good prognosis. In contrast, the C2 subclass, NFE2L2 mutations, TERT promoter mutations and high expression of oncofetal proteins and stem cell markers are associated with poor outcomes. Risk stratification in sarcomas is highly variable depending on the entity. The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma, for example, primarily depends on histological and molecular characteristics. Advances in our understanding of clinically significant biomarkers will translate into more precise diagnoses, improved risk stratification and more effective and less toxic treatment in this challenging group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida I Glembocki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gino R Somers
- Division of Pathology, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Lugata J, Smith C, Mrosso O, Rwenyagila D, Shao B, Mremi A. Management of a pure uterine corpus rhabdomyosarcoma in a postmenopausal patient: A rare case report and review of the literature. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8631. [PMID: 38455863 PMCID: PMC10918699 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Rhabdomyosarcoma of the female genital tract often involves the vagina and cervix. It usually occurs in infants and children. Such tumors are uncommon in the uterus, especially in adults. Treatment options are based on studies of younger individuals. Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with a tendency to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells. RMS is an aggressive tumor that tends to develop in children and younger patients. A vast majority of genital tract RMSs occur in the vagina and cervix. Such tumors rarely occur in adults. Usually, these tumors either occur as a component of a biphasic uterine tumor (carcinosarcoma or adenosarcoma) or can be a pure heterologous tumor. Pure uterine RMSs are extremely rare in adult patients and difficult to diagnose. Accurate diagnosis of these tumors depends on precise histopathological evaluation. The present report describes a rare case of embryonal RMS of the uterus in a postmenopausal female and explores the most recent literature. The aim is to strengthen the existing literature and aid clinicians in the management of similar cases. A 64-year-old postmenopausal female presented with a history of abdominal pain associated with abdominal distension, per vaginal bleeding, and foul-smelling discharge for 6 months. A transabdominal ultrasound revealed a bulky uterus with a well-circumscribed heterogeneous lesion. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade embryonal RMS within the corpus region of the uterus. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy to prevent relapse of the disease. Six months after oncological care has passed, the patient remains symptoms-free without evidence of recurrence or metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lugata
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Caleigh Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Onesmo Mrosso
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Doris Rwenyagila
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Baraka Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyKilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreMoshiTanzania
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
| | - Alex Mremi
- Faculty of MedicineKilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeMoshiTanzania
- Department of PathologyKilimanjaro Christian Medical CenterMoshiTanzania
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Chisholm J, Mandeville H, Adams M, Minard-Collin V, Rogers T, Kelsey A, Shipley J, van Rijn RR, de Vries I, van Ewijk R, de Keizer B, Gatz SA, Casanova M, Hjalgrim LL, Firth C, Wheatley K, Kearns P, Liu W, Kirkham A, Rees H, Bisogno G, Wasti A, Wakeling S, Heenen D, Tweddle DA, Merks JHM, Jenney M. Frontline and Relapsed Rhabdomyosarcoma (FAR-RMS) Clinical Trial: A Report from the European Paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG). Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:998. [PMID: 38473359 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Frontline and Relapsed Rhabdomyosarcoma (FaR-RMS) clinical trial is an overarching, multinational study for children and adults with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). The trial, developed by the European Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG), incorporates multiple different research questions within a multistage design with a focus on (i) novel regimens for poor prognostic subgroups, (ii) optimal duration of maintenance chemotherapy, and (iii) optimal use of radiotherapy for local control and widespread metastatic disease. Additional sub-studies focusing on biological risk stratification, use of imaging modalities, including [18F]FDG PET-CT and diffusion-weighted MRI imaging (DWI) as prognostic markers, and impact of therapy on quality of life are described. This paper forms part of a Special Issue on rhabdomyosarcoma and outlines the study background, rationale for randomisations and sub-studies, design, and plans for utilisation and dissemination of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Chisholm
- Children and Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Henry Mandeville
- Children and Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | | | | | - Timothy Rogers
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
| | - Anna Kelsey
- Department of Paediatric Histopathology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Janet Shipley
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Rick R van Rijn
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle de Vries
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roelof van Ewijk
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart de Keizer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne A Gatz
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | | | | | - Charlotte Firth
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Keith Wheatley
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Pamela Kearns
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Amanda Kirkham
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Helen Rees
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
| | - Gianni Bisogno
- Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35122 Padua, Italy
| | - Ajla Wasti
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | | | | | - Deborah A Tweddle
- Vivo Biobank, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Johannes H M Merks
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Picher EA, Wahajuddin M, Barth S, Chisholm J, Shipley J, Pors K. The Capacity of Drug-Metabolising Enzymes in Modulating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Drugs to Treat Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1012. [PMID: 38473371 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma (STS) that predominantly affects children and teenagers. It is the most common STS in children (40%) and accounts for 5-8% of total childhood malignancies. Apart from surgery and radiotherapy in eligible patients, standard chemotherapy is the only therapeutic option clinically available for RMS patients. While survival rates for this childhood cancer have considerably improved over the last few decades for low-risk and intermediate-risk cases, the mortality rate remains exceptionally high in high-risk RMS patients with recurrent and/or metastatic disease. The intensification of chemotherapeutic protocols in advanced-stage RMS has historically induced aggravated toxicity with only very modest therapeutic gain. In this review, we critically analyse what has been achieved so far in RMS therapy and provide insight into how a diverse group of drug-metabolising enzymes (DMEs) possess the capacity to modify the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy. We provide suggestions for new therapeutic strategies that exploit the presence of DMEs for prodrug activation, targeted chemotherapy that does not rely on DMEs, and RMS-molecular-subtype-targeted therapies that have the potential to enter clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Arasanz Picher
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Muhammad Wahajuddin
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Stefan Barth
- Medical Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | - Julia Chisholm
- Children and Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5PR, UK
| | - Janet Shipley
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Group, Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Klaus Pors
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
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Bhushan B, Iranpour R, Eshtiaghi A, da Silva Rosa SC, Lindsey BW, Gordon JW, Ghavami S. Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Challenge of Tumor Differentiation and Chemotherapy Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2791. [PMID: 38474036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), an invasive subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), is associated with chromosomal translocation events resulting in one of two oncogenic fusion genes, PAX3-FOXO1 or PAX7-FOXO1. ARMS patients exhibit an overexpression of the pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). This overexpression of TGF-β1 causes an increased expression of a downstream transcription factor called SNAIL, which promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Overexpression of TGF-β also inhibits myogenic differentiation, making ARMS patients highly resistant to chemotherapy. In this review, we first describe different types of RMS and then focus on ARMS and the impact of TGF-β in this tumor type. We next highlight current chemotherapy strategies, including a combination of the FDA-approved drugs vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide (VAC); cabozantinib; bortezomib; vinorelbine; AZD 1775; and cisplatin. Lastly, we discuss chemotherapy agents that target the differentiation of tumor cells in ARMS, which include all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 5-Azacytidine. Improving our understanding of the role of signaling pathways, such as TGF-β1, in the development of ARMS tumor cells differentiation will help inform more tailored drug administration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Bhushan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Rosa Iranpour
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Amirmohammad Eshtiaghi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Benjamin W Lindsey
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Joseph W Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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43
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Weiss AR, Harrison DJ. Soft Tissue Sarcomas in Adolescents and Young Adults. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:675-685. [PMID: 37967293 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a heterogeneous group of extraskeletal mesenchymal tumors that affect individuals throughout the entire age continuum. Despite this pervasive influence, key differences exist in the presentation of these sarcomas across varying age groups that have prevented a more uniform approach to management. Notably, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is more common in children, while most nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS) subtypes are more prevalent in adults. Older patients with NRSTS appear to have more molecularly complex biology and often present with more advanced disease compared with children. Poorer outcome disparities are observed in older patients with RMS despite receiving similar treatment as younger patients. In this review, we highlight differences in epidemiology, biology, and management paradigms for pediatric and adult patients with STS and explore opportunities for a unified approach to enhance the care and outcomes within the AYA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Weiss
- Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME
| | - Douglas J Harrison
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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44
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Robertson R, Li S, Filippelli RL, Chang NC. Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:83-121. [PMID: 38670717 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are crucial to the repair and homeostasis of mature skeletal muscle. MuSC dysfunction and dysregulation of the myogenic program can contribute to the development of pathology ranging from cancers like rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) or muscle degenerative diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Both diseases exhibit dysregulation at nearly all steps of myogenesis. For instance, MuSC self-renewal processes are altered. In RMS, this leads to the creation of tumor propagating cells. In DMD, impaired asymmetric stem cell division creates a bias towards producing self-renewing stem cells instead of committing to differentiation. Hyperproliferation of these cells contribute to tumorigenesis in RMS and symmetric expansion of the self-renewing MuSC population in DMD. Both diseases also exhibit a repression of factors involved in terminal differentiation, halting RMS cells in the proliferative stage and thus driving tumor growth. Conversely, the MuSCs in DMD exhibit impaired differentiation and fuse prematurely, affecting myonuclei maturation and the integrity of the dystrophic muscle fiber. Finally, both disease states cause alterations to the MuSC niche. Various elements of the niche such as inflammatory and migratory signaling that impact MuSC behavior are dysregulated. Here we show how these seemingly distantly related diseases indeed have similarities in MuSC dysfunction, underlying the importance of considering MuSCs when studying the pathophysiology of muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shulei Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Romina L Filippelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Natasha C Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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45
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Naceur A, Bienvenue C, Romano P, Chilian C, Carrier JF. Extending deterministic transport capabilities for very-high and ultra-high energy electron beams. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2796. [PMID: 38307920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Focused Very-High Energy Electron (VHEE, 50-300 MeV) and Ultra-High Energy Electron (UHEE, > 300 MeV) beams can accurately target both large and deeply seated human tumors with high sparing properties, while avoiding the spatial requirements and cost of proton and heavy ion facilities. Advanced testing phases are underway at the CLEAR facilities at CERN (Switzerland), NLCTA at Stanford (USA), and SPARC at INFN (Italy), aiming to accelerate the transition to clinical application. Currently, Monte Carlo (MC) transport is the sole paradigm supporting preclinical trials and imminent clinical deployment. In this paper, we propose an alternative: the first extension of the nuclear-reactor deterministic chain NJOY-DRAGON for VHEE and UHEE applications. We have extended the Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck (BFP) multigroup formalism and validated it using standard radio-oncology benchmarks, complex assemblies with a wide range of atomic numbers, and comprehensive irradiation of the entire periodic table. We report that [Formula: see text] of water voxels exhibit a BFP-MC deviation below [Formula: see text] for electron energies under [Formula: see text]. Additionally, we demonstrate that at least [Formula: see text] of voxels of bone, lung, adipose tissue, muscle, soft tissue, tumor, steel, and aluminum meet the same criterion between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. For water, the thorax, and the breast intra-operative benchmark, typical average BFP-MC deviations of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were observed at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. By irradiating the entire periodic table, we observed similar performance between lithium ([Formula: see text]) and cerium ([Formula: see text]). Deficiencies observed between praseodymium ([Formula: see text]) and einsteinium ([Formula: see text]) have been reported, analyzed, and quantified, offering critical insights for the ongoing development of the Evaluated Nuclear Data File mode in NJOY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Naceur
- École Polytechnique, SLOWPOKE Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Montréal, H3T1J4, Canada.
- CRCHUM, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2L4M1, Canada.
| | - Charles Bienvenue
- École Polytechnique, Engineering Physics Department, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Montréal, H3T1J4, Canada
| | - Paul Romano
- Computational Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Cornelia Chilian
- École Polytechnique, SLOWPOKE Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Montréal, H3T1J4, Canada
| | - Jean-François Carrier
- Department of Physics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H3T1J4, Canada
- CRCHUM, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, H2L4M1, Canada
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46
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Das D, Leung JY, Balamurugan S, Tergaonkar V, Loh AHP, Chiang CM, Taneja R. BRD4 isoforms have distinct roles in tumour progression and metastasis in rhabdomyosarcoma. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:832-852. [PMID: 38191874 PMCID: PMC10897194 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BRD4, a bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein, is deregulated in multiple cancers and has emerged as a promising drug target. However, the function of the two main BRD4 isoforms (BRD4-L and BRD4-S) has not been analysed in parallel in most cancers. This complicates determining therapeutic efficacy of pan-BET inhibitors. In this study, using functional and transcriptomic analysis, we show that BRD-L and BRD4-S isoforms play distinct roles in fusion negative embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. BRD4-L has an oncogenic role and inhibits myogenic differentiation, at least in part, by activating myostatin expression. Depletion of BRD4-L in vivo impairs tumour progression but does not impact metastasis. On the other hand, depletion of BRD4-S has no significant impact on tumour growth, but strikingly promotes metastasis in vivo. Interestingly, BRD4-S loss results in the enrichment of BRD4-L and RNA Polymerase II at integrin gene promoters resulting in their activation. In fusion positive alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, BRD4-L is unrestricted in its oncogenic role, with no evident involvement of BRD4-S. Our work unveils isoform-specific functions of BRD4 in rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Das
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Center for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Jia Yu Leung
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Center for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Shivaranjani Balamurugan
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Center for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Ming Chiang
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Center for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
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47
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Cherian KN, Keynan JN, Anker L, Faerman A, Brown RE, Shamma A, Keynan O, Coetzee JP, Batail JM, Phillips A, Bassano NJ, Sahlem GL, Inzunza J, Millar T, Dickinson J, Rolle CE, Keller J, Adamson M, Kratter IH, Williams NR. Magnesium-ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries. Nat Med 2024; 30:373-381. [PMID: 38182784 PMCID: PMC10878970 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02705-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability. Sequelae can include functional impairments and psychiatric syndromes such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety. Special Operations Forces (SOF) veterans (SOVs) may be at an elevated risk for these complications, leading some to seek underexplored treatment alternatives such as the oneirogen ibogaine, a plant-derived compound known to interact with multiple neurotransmitter systems that has been studied primarily as a treatment for substance use disorders. Ibogaine has been associated with instances of fatal cardiac arrhythmia, but coadministration of magnesium may mitigate this concern. In the present study, we report a prospective observational study of the Magnesium-Ibogaine: the Stanford Traumatic Injury to the CNS protocol (MISTIC), provided together with complementary treatment modalities, in 30 male SOVs with predominantly mild TBI. We assessed changes in the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule from baseline to immediately (primary outcome) and 1 month (secondary outcome) after treatment. Additional secondary outcomes included changes in PTSD (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5), depression (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale) and anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale). MISTIC resulted in significant improvements in functioning both immediately (Pcorrected < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.74) and 1 month (Pcorrected < 0.001, d = 2.20) after treatment and in PTSD (Pcorrected < 0.001, d = 2.54), depression (Pcorrected < 0.001, d = 2.80) and anxiety (Pcorrected < 0.001, d = 2.13) at 1 month after treatment. There were no unexpected or serious adverse events. Controlled clinical trials to assess safety and efficacy are needed to validate these initial open-label findings. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04313712 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten N Cherian
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jackob N Keynan
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Anker
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Afik Faerman
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Ahmed Shamma
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Or Keynan
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John P Coetzee
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Polytrauma Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jean-Marie Batail
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Angela Phillips
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Bassano
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gregory L Sahlem
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jose Inzunza
- Ambio Life Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Trevor Millar
- Ambio Life Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - C E Rolle
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Keller
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maheen Adamson
- WRIISC-WOMEN & Department of Rehabilitation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Kratter
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nolan R Williams
- Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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48
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Tu C, Kulasinghe A, Barbour A, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F. Leveraging spatial omics for the development of precision sarcoma treatments. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:134-144. [PMID: 38212196 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous cancers that arise from bone or soft tissue, and are the second most prevalent solid cancer in children and adolescents. Owing to the complex nature of pediatric sarcomas, the development of therapeutics for pediatric sarcoma has seen little progress in the past decades. Existing treatments are largely limited to chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Limited knowledge of the sarcoma tumor microenvironment (TME) and of well-defined target antigens in the different subtypes necessitates an alternative investigative approach to improve treatments. Recent advances in spatial omics technologies have enabled a more comprehensive study of the TME in multiple cancers. In this opinion article we discuss advances in our understanding of the TME of some cancers enabled by spatial omics technologies, and we explore how these technologies might advance the development of precision treatments for sarcoma, especially pediatric sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Tu
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Andrew Barbour
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Department of Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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49
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Chang L, D'Amiano A, Bhatia R, Yenokyan G, Llosa NJ, Ladle BH, Meyer CF, Levin AS, Pratilas CA, Ladra M, Acharya S. Impact of Consolidative Radiation on Overall and Progression-Free Survival in Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Metastatic Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 118:474-484. [PMID: 37797747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the association between consolidative radiation (RT) and survival in children, adolescents, and young adults with metastatic sarcoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS Eligibility criteria included patients aged ≤39 years with newly diagnosed metastatic bone or soft tissue sarcoma who completed local control of the primary tumor without disease progression. Consolidative RT was defined as RT to all known sites of metastatic disease. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox provided adjusted estimates. To account for immortal time bias, consolidative RT was used as a time-varying covariate in a time dependent Cox model. Distant failure was estimated using the Fine-Gray model. RESULTS Patients (n = 85) had a median age at diagnosis of 14.8 years. Most common histology was Ewing Sarcoma (45.9%) followed by rhabdomyosarcoma (40.0%). Receipt of consolidative RT was associated with Ewing Sarcoma (P < .001) and local control modality as those who underwent local control with surgery and RT compared with surgery alone were more likely to be treated with consolidative RT (P = .034). Consolidative RT was independently associated with improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.41; 95% CI, 0.17-0.98; P = .045) and improved PFS (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16-0.88; P = .024) after adjusting for confounding variables and immortal time bias. Patients treated with consolidative RT also experienced a lower risk of distant failure (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.17-0.64; P = .001). In an independent data set of patients with metachronous progression (n = 36), consolidative RT remained independently associated with improved OS. CONCLUSIONS Consolidative RT was independently associated with improved OS and PFS and decreased risk of distant failure in child, adolescent, and young adult patients with metastatic sarcoma. Future work should evaluate biomarkers to optimize patient selection, timing, and dose for consolidative RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anjali D'Amiano
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rohini Bhatia
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gayane Yenokyan
- Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nicolas J Llosa
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brian H Ladle
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christian F Meyer
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adam S Levin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christine A Pratilas
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthew Ladra
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sahaja Acharya
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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50
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Casanova AG, Roth GS, Hausmann S, Lu X, Bischoff LJM, Froeliger EM, Belmudes L, Bourova-Flin E, Flores NM, Benitez AM, Chasan T, Caporicci M, Vayr J, Blanchet S, Ielasi F, Rousseaux S, Hainaut P, Gozani O, Le Romancer M, Couté Y, Palencia A, Mazur PK, Reynoird N. Cytoskeleton remodeling induced by SMYD2 methyltransferase drives breast cancer metastasis. Cell Discov 2024; 10:12. [PMID: 38296970 PMCID: PMC10830559 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant forms of breast cancer refractory to existing therapies remain a major unmet health issue, primarily due to metastatic spread. A better understanding of the mechanisms at play will provide better insights for alternative treatments to prevent breast cancer cell dispersion. Here, we identify the lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 as a clinically actionable master regulator of breast cancer metastasis. While SMYD2 is overexpressed in aggressive breast cancers, we notice that it is not required for primary tumor growth. However, mammary-epithelium specific SMYD2 ablation increases mouse overall survival by blocking the primary tumor cell ability to metastasize. Mechanistically, we identify BCAR3 as a genuine physiological substrate of SMYD2 in breast cancer cells. BCAR3 monomethylated at lysine K334 (K334me1) is recognized by a novel methyl-binding domain present in FMNLs proteins. These actin cytoskeleton regulators are recruited at the cell edges by the SMYD2 methylation signaling and modulate lamellipodia properties. Breast cancer cells with impaired BCAR3 methylation lose migration and invasiveness capacity in vitro and are ineffective in promoting metastases in vivo. Remarkably, SMYD2 pharmacologic inhibition efficiently impairs the metastatic spread of breast cancer cells, PDX and aggressive mammary tumors from genetically engineered mice. This study provides a rationale for innovative therapeutic prevention of malignant breast cancer metastatic progression by targeting the SMYD2-BCAR3-FMNL axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre G Casanova
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Gael S Roth
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- Clinique Universitaire d'Hépato-gastroentérologie et Oncologie digestive, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Simone Hausmann
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyin Lu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ludivine J M Bischoff
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Emilie M Froeliger
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucid Belmudes
- Grenoble Alpes University, CEA, INSERM, UA13 BGE, CNRS CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Ekaterina Bourova-Flin
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Natasha M Flores
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana Morales Benitez
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tourkian Chasan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marcello Caporicci
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Vayr
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Blanchet
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Francesco Ielasi
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Rousseaux
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Hainaut
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Or Gozani
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Grenoble Alpes University, CEA, INSERM, UA13 BGE, CNRS CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Andres Palencia
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Pawel K Mazur
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Nicolas Reynoird
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
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