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Wang L, Koui Y, Kanegae K, Kido T, Tamura-Nakano M, Yabe S, Tai K, Nakajima Y, Kusuhara H, Sakai Y, Miyajima A, Okochi H, Tanaka M. Establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatobiliary organoid with bile duct for pharmaceutical research use. Biomaterials 2024; 310:122621. [PMID: 38815455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
In vitro models of the human liver are promising alternatives to animal tests for drug development. Currently, primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) are preferred for pharmacokinetic and cytotoxicity tests. However, they are unable to recapitulate the flow of bile in hepatobiliary clearance owing to the lack of bile ducts, leading to the limitation of bile analysis. To address the issue, a liver organoid culture system that has a functional bile duct network is desired. In this study, we aimed to generate human iPSC-derived hepatobiliary organoids (hHBOs) consisting of hepatocytes and bile ducts. The two-step differentiation process under 2D and semi-3D culture conditions promoted the maturation of hHBOs on culture plates, in which hepatocyte clusters were covered with monolayered biliary tubes. We demonstrated that the hHBOs reproduced the flow of bile containing a fluorescent bile acid analog or medicinal drugs from hepatocytes into bile ducts via bile canaliculi. Furthermore, the hHBOs exhibited pathophysiological responses to troglitazone, such as cholestasis and cytotoxicity. Because the hHBOs can recapitulate the function of bile ducts in hepatobiliary clearance, they are suitable as a liver disease model and would be a novel in vitro platform system for pharmaceutical research use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Koui
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Kanegae
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketomo Kido
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miwa Tamura-Nakano
- Communal Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Yabe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenpei Tai
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nakajima
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okochi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sun Y, You Y, Wu Q, Hu R, Dai K. Senescence-targeted MicroRNA/Organoid composite hydrogel repair cartilage defect and prevention joint degeneration via improved chondrocyte homeostasis. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:427-442. [PMID: 38855061 PMCID: PMC11157121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cartilage defect (CD) is a common complication in osteoarthritis (OA). Impairment of chondrogenesis and cellular senescence are considered as hallmarks of OA development and caused failure of cartilage repair in most clinical CD cases. Exploring markers for cellular senescence in CD patients might provide new perspectives for osteoarthritic CD patients. In the present study, we aim to explore senescent markers in CD patients with OA to fabricate a senescence-targeted SMSC organoid hydrogel for cartilage repair. Methods Clinical cartilage samples from cartilage defect patients were collected. Immunofluorescence staining of senescent markers and SA-β-Gal staining were used to detect the senescence state of SMSCs and chondrocytes in cartilage defect and OA patients. MicroRNA expression profiles of SMSC organoids and H2O2-treated SMSC organoids were analyzed and compared with high-throughput microRNA sequencing. Fluorescent in situ hybridization of miRNA were used to determine the expression level of miR-24 in SMSC organoids and cartilage samples. Interaction between miR-24 and its downstream target was analyzed via qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence and luciferase assay. Senescence-targeted miR-24 μS/SMSC organoid hydrogel (MSOH) was constructed for cartilage repair. Anti-senescence properties and chondrogenesis were determined in vitro for MSOH. Rats were used to evaluate the cartilage repair capacity of the MSOH hydrogel in vivo. Results In this study, we found Osteoarthritic cartilage defect patients demonstrated upregulated cellular senescence in joint cartilage. MicroRNA sequencing demonstrated senescence marker miR-24 was negatively associated with cartilage impairment and cellular senescence in osteoarthritic CD patients. Moreover, miR-24 mimics alleviates cellular senescence to promote chondrogenesis by targeting downstream TAOK1. Also, miR-24 downregulated TAOK1 expression and promoted chondrogenesis in SMSC organoids. Senescence-targeted miR-24 μS/SMSC organoid hydrogel (MSOH) was constructed and demonstrated superior chondrogenesis in vitro. Animal experiments demonstrated that MSOH hydrogel showed better cartilage repairing effects and better maintained joint function at 24 weeks with low intra-articular inflammatory response after transplantation in rat joint. Single-cell RNA-seq of generated cartilage indicated that implanted MSOH could affect chondrocyte homeostatic state and alter the chondrocyte cluster frequency by regulating cellular glycolysis and OXPHOS, impacting cell cycle and ferroptosis to alleviate cellular senescence and prevent joint degeneration. Conclusion Osteoarthritic cartilage defect patients demonstrated upregulated cellular senescence in joint cartilage. Senescence marker miR-24 was negatively associated with cartilage impairment in osteoarthritic CD patients. miR-24 attenuates chondrocytes senescence and promotes chondrogenesis in SMSC organoids through targeting TAOK1. Senescence-targeted miR-24 microsphere/SMSC organoid composite hydrogel could successfully repair cartilage defect in osteoarthritic microenvironment via enhanced miR-24/TAOK1 signaling pathway, suggesting MSOH might be a novel therapy for cartilage repair in osteoarthritic CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yongqing You
- Renal Division, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
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Zhang Y, Yan S, Mei Z, Zhang H, Ding C, Zhang S, Wei S. Exploring the Cocktail Factor Approach to Generate Salivary Gland Progenitors through Co-Culture Techniques. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:749-759. [PMID: 38466363 PMCID: PMC11187051 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The derivation of salivary gland (SG) progenitors from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) presents significant potential for developmental biology and regenerative medicine. However, the existing protocols for inducing SG include limited factors, making it challenging to mimic the in vivo microenvironment of embryonic SGs. METHODS We reported a cocktail factor approach to promote the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC)-derived oral epithelium (OE) into SG progenitors through a three-dimensional co-culture method. Upon confirming that the embryonic SG can promote the differentiation of mESC-derived OE, we performed RNA sequence analysis to identify factors involved in the differentiation of SG progenitors. RESULTS Our findings highlight several efficient pathways related to SG development, with frequent appearances of four factors: IFN-γ, TGF-β2, EGF, and IGF-1. The combined treatment using these cocktail factors increased the expression of key SG progenitor markers, including Sox9, Sox10, Krt5, and Krt14. However, absence of any one of these cocktail factors did not facilitate differentiation. Notably, aggregates treated with the cocktail factor formed SG epithelial-like structures and pre-bud-like structures on the surface. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study offers a novel approach to developing a differentiation protocol that closely mimics the in vivo microenvironment of embryonic SGs. This provides a foundation for generating PSC-derived organoids with near-physiological cell behaviors and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- Central Laboratory and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuang Yan
- Central Laboratory and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zi Mei
- Central Laboratory and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - He Zhang
- Central Laboratory and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chong Ding
- Central Laboratory and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Central Laboratory and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Shicheng Wei
- Central Laboratory and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Lu C, Le Q. Advances in Organoid Technology: A Focus on Corneal Limbal Organoids. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1227-1235. [PMID: 38558362 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Organoid technology provides a versatile platform for simulating organogenesis, investigating disease pathogenesis, and exploring therapeutic interventions. Among various types of organoids that have been developed, corneal limbal organoids, the three-dimensional miniaturized corneas which are derived from either pluripotent stem cells or limbal epithelial stem cells, are particularly promising for clinical translation. This narrative review summarized the state-of-the-art in corneal limbal organoids research including the cultivation methods, clinical relevance and its limitations and challenges. The potential of corneal limbal organoids in mimicking corneal development, disease modelling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine was discussed. Technical improvements in cultivation techniques, imaging modalities, and gene editing tools are anticipated to overcome current limitations and further promote its clinical potential. Despite challenges and difficulties, the development of corneal limbal organoids opens a new era of regenerative medicine and provides a potential source of stem cell replacement therapies for challenging corneal diseases with the establishment of an in vitro corneal limbal organoid bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuwei Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qihua Le
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Research Center, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Chen Z, Ding H, Zhu H, Huang S, Yan C, Chen ZY. Additional mechanism for selective absorption of cholesterol and Phytosterols. Food Chem 2024; 458:140300. [PMID: 38964108 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Phytosterols are structurally similar to cholesterol but they are much less absorbed (<2%) than cholesterol (>50%) in the intestine. We hypothesize that phytosterols are poor substrates of intestinal acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), and thus minimal phytosterol esters are formed and packed into chylomicrons, leading to their low absorption. Two isotope tracing models, including a radioactive hamster microsomal ACAT2 reaction model and a differentiated Caco-2 cell model, were established to examine the specificity of ACAT2 to various sterols, including cholesterol, sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol. Both models consistently demonstrated that only cholesterol but not phytosterols could be efficiently esterified by ACAT2 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking further suggested that unfavorable interactions existed between ACAT2 and phytosterols. In conclusion, phytosterols are poor substrates of ACAT2 and thus minimally absorbed. This work provides a theoretical basis for the use of phytosterol-based supplements in treating dyslipidemia and preventing heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China..
| | - Huafang Ding
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China..
| | - Hanyue Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shouhe Huang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China..
| | - Chi Yan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China..
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China..
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Doherty-Boyd WS, Donnelly H, Tsimbouri MP, Dalby MJ. Building bones for blood and beyond: the growing field of bone marrow niche model development. Exp Hematol 2024; 135:104232. [PMID: 38729553 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) niche is a complex microenvironment that provides the signals required for regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the process of hematopoiesis they are responsible for. Bioengineered models of the BM niche incorporate various elements of the in vivo BM microenvironment, including cellular components, soluble factors, a three-dimensional environment, mechanical stimulation of included cells, and perfusion. Recent advances in the bioengineering field have resulted in a spate of new models that shed light on BM function and are approaching precise imitation of the BM niche. These models promise to improve our understanding of the in vivo microenvironment in health and disease. They also aim to serve as platforms for HSC manipulation or as preclinical models for screening novel therapies for BM-associated disorders and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sebastian Doherty-Boyd
- The Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment (CeMi), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Hannah Donnelly
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Monica P Tsimbouri
- The Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment (CeMi), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- The Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment (CeMi), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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7
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Sarri B, Chevrier V, Poizat F, Heuke S, Franchi F, De Franqueville L, Traversari E, Ratone JP, Caillol F, Dahel Y, Hoibian S, Giovannini M, de Chaisemartin C, Appay R, Guasch G, Rigneault H. In vivo organoid growth monitoring by stimulated Raman histology. NPJ IMAGING 2024; 2:18. [PMID: 38948153 PMCID: PMC11213706 DOI: 10.1038/s44303-024-00019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Patient-derived tumor organoids have emerged as a crucial tool for assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy and conducting preclinical drug screenings. However, the conventional histological investigation of these organoids necessitates their devitalization through fixation and slicing, limiting their utility to a single-time analysis. Here, we use stimulated Raman histology (SRH) to demonstrate non-destructive, label-free virtual staining of 3D organoids, while preserving their viability and growth. This novel approach provides contrast similar to conventional staining methods, allowing for the continuous monitoring of organoids over time. Our results demonstrate that SRH transforms organoids from one-time use products into repeatable models, facilitating the efficient selection of effective drug combinations. This advancement holds promise for personalized cancer treatment, allowing for the dynamic assessment and optimization of chemotherapy treatments in patient-specific contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sarri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Med, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
- Ligthcore Technologies, Marseille, France
| | | | - Flora Poizat
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
| | - Sandro Heuke
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Med, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Franchi
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Philippe Ratone
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Caillol
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
| | - Yanis Dahel
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
| | - Solène Hoibian
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Giovannini
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
| | - Cécile de Chaisemartin
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Departement, Marseille, France
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmette, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Appay
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Neurophysiopathology Institute, Marseille, France
| | | | - Hervé Rigneault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Med, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
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8
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Farshbaf A, Mottaghi M, Mohammadi M, Monsef K, Mirhashemi M, Attaran Khorasani A, Mohtasham N. Regenerative application of oral and maxillofacial 3D organoids based on dental pulp stem cell. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102451. [PMID: 38936200 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) originate from the neural crest and the present mesenchymal phenotype showed self-renewal capabilities and can differentiate into at least three lineages. DPSCs are easily isolated with minimal harm, no notable ethical constraints, and without general anesthesia to the donor individuals. Furthermore, cryopreservation of DPSCs provides this opportunity for autologous transplantation in future studies without fundamental changes in stemness, viability, proliferation, and differentiating features. Current approaches for pulp tissue regeneration include pulp revascularization, cell-homing-based regenerative endodontic treatment (RET), cell-transplantation-based regenerative endodontic treatment, and allogeneic transplantation. In recent years, a novel technology, organoid, provides a mimic physiological condition and tissue construct that can be applied for tissue engineering, genetic manipulation, disease modeling, single-cell high throughput analysis, living biobank, cryopreserving and maintaining cells, and therapeutic approaches based on personalized medicine. The organoids can be a reliable preclinical prediction model for evaluating cell behavior, monitoring drug response or resistance, and comparing healthy and pathological conditions for therapeutic and prognostic approaches. In the current review, we focused on the promising application of 3D organoid technology based on DPSCs in oral and maxillofacial tissue regeneration. We discussed encountering challenges and limitations, and found promising solutions to overcome obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Farshbaf
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahtab Mottaghi
- School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kouros Monsef
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Mirhashemi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, and Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Faeed M, Ghiasvand M, Fareghzadeh B, Taghiyar L. Osteochondral organoids: current advances, applications, and upcoming challenges. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:183. [PMID: 38902814 PMCID: PMC11191177 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In the realm of studying joint-related diseases, there is a continuous quest for more accurate and representative models. Recently, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering have seen a growing interest in utilizing organoids as powerful tools for studying complex biological systems in vitro. Organoids, three-dimensional structures replicating the architecture and function of organs, provide a unique platform for investigating disease mechanisms, drug responses, and tissue regeneration. The surge in organoid research is fueled by the need for physiologically relevant models to bridge the gap between traditional cell cultures and in vivo studies. Osteochondral organoids have emerged as a promising avenue in this pursuit, offering a better platform to mimic the intricate biological interactions within bone and cartilage. This review explores the significance of osteochondral organoids and the need for their development in advancing our understanding and treatment of bone and cartilage-related diseases. It summarizes osteochondral organoids' insights and research progress, focusing on their composition, materials, cell sources, and cultivation methods, as well as the concept of organoids on chips and application scenarios. Additionally, we address the limitations and challenges these organoids face, emphasizing the necessity for further research to overcome these obstacles and facilitate orthopedic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Faeed
- Cell and Molecular School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ghiasvand
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Fareghzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Taghiyar
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC), Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Stokar-Regenscheit N, Bell L, Berridge B, Rudmann D, Tagle D, Hargrove-Grimes P, Schaudien D, Hahn K, Kühnlenz J, Ashton RS, Tseng M, Reichelt M, Laing ST, Kiyota T, Chamanza R, Sura R, Tomlinson L. Complex In Vitro Model Characterization for Context of Use in Toxicologic Pathology: Use Cases by Collaborative Teams of Biologists, Bioengineers, and Pathologists. Toxicol Pathol 2024:1926233241253811. [PMID: 38888280 DOI: 10.1177/01926233241253811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Complex in vitro models (CIVMs) offer the potential to increase the clinical relevance of preclinical efficacy and toxicity assessments and reduce the reliance on animals in drug development. The European Society of Toxicologic Pathology (ESTP) and Society for Toxicologic Pathology (STP) are collaborating to highlight the role of pathologists in the development and use of CIVM. Pathologists are trained in comparative animal medicine which enhances their understanding of mechanisms of human and animal diseases, thus allowing them to bridge between animal models and humans. This skill set is important for CIVM development, validation, and data interpretation. Ideally, diverse teams of scientists, including engineers, biologists, pathologists, and others, should collaboratively develop and characterize novel CIVM, and collectively assess their precise use cases (context of use). Implementing a morphological CIVM evaluation should be essential in this process. This requires robust histological technique workflows, image analysis techniques, and needs correlation with translational biomarkers. In this review, we demonstrate how such tissue technologies and analytics support the development and use of CIVM for drug efficacy and safety evaluations. We encourage the scientific community to explore similar options for their projects and to engage with health authorities on the use of CIVM in benefit-risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Stokar-Regenscheit
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Bell
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Danilo Tagle
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Passley Hargrove-Grimes
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hahn
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Kühnlenz
- Bayer SAS, CropScience, Pathology & Mechanistic Toxicology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Randolph S Ashton
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Neurosetta LLC, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Min Tseng
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lindsay Tomlinson
- Pfizer Inc., Drug Safety Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Song Y, Chen M, Wei Y, Ma X, Shi H. Signaling pathways in colorectal cancer implications for the target therapies. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:21. [PMID: 38844562 PMCID: PMC11156834 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) stands as a pressing global health issue, marked by the unbridled proliferation of immature cells influenced by multifaceted internal and external factors. Numerous studies have explored the intricate mechanisms of tumorigenesis in CRC, with a primary emphasis on signaling pathways, particularly those associated with growth factors and chemokines. However, the sheer diversity of molecular targets introduces complexity into the selection of targeted therapies, posing a significant challenge in achieving treatment precision. The quest for an effective CRC treatment is further complicated by the absence of pathological insights into the mutations or alterations occurring in tumor cells. This study reveals the transfer of signaling from the cell membrane to the nucleus, unveiling recent advancements in this crucial cellular process. By shedding light on this novel dimension, the research enhances our understanding of the molecular intricacies underlying CRC, providing a potential avenue for breakthroughs in targeted therapeutic strategies. In addition, the study comprehensively outlines the potential immune responses incited by the aberrant activation of signaling pathways, with a specific focus on immune cells, cytokines, and their collective impact on the dynamic landscape of drug development. This research not only contributes significantly to advancing CRC treatment and molecular medicine but also lays the groundwork for future breakthroughs and clinical trials, fostering optimism for improved outcomes and refined approaches in combating colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Song
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Wei
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huashan Shi
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Hua H, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang S, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Liang Z, Ren H, Lu S, Wu S, Jiang Y, Pu Y, Zheng X, Tang C, Shen Z, Li C, Du Y, Deng H. Remodeling ceramide homeostasis promotes functional maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived β cells. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:850-865.e10. [PMID: 38697109 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived β cells (hPSC-β cells) show the potential to restore euglycemia. However, the immature functionality of hPSC-β cells has limited their efficacy in application. Here, by deciphering the continuous maturation process of hPSC-β cells post transplantation via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq), we show that functional maturation of hPSC-β cells is an orderly multistep process during which cells sequentially undergo metabolic adaption, removal of negative regulators of cell function, and establishment of a more specialized transcriptome and epigenome. Importantly, remodeling lipid metabolism, especially downregulating the metabolic activity of ceramides, the central hub of sphingolipid metabolism, is critical for β cell maturation. Limiting intracellular accumulation of ceramides in hPSC-β cells remarkably enhanced their function, as indicated by improvements in insulin processing and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In summary, our findings provide insights into the maturation of human pancreatic β cells and highlight the importance of ceramide homeostasis in function acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Hua
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunlu Zhou
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Ren
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sufang Lu
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Yong Jiang
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Pu
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Hangzhou Repugene Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Du
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongkui Deng
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China.
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13
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Hu Y, Xing J, Zhang H, Pang X, Zhai Y, Cheng H, Xu D, Liao M, Qi Y, Wu D, Zhang B, Cheng L, Chu B, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Chai R. Electroacoustic Responsive Cochlea-on-a-Chip. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309002. [PMID: 38488690 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Organ-on-chips can highly simulate the complex physiological functions of organs, exhibiting broad application prospects in developmental research, disease simulation, as well as new drug research and development. However, there is still less concern about effectively constructing cochlea-on-chips. Here, a novel cochlear organoids-integrated conductive hydrogel biohybrid system with cochlear implant electroacoustic stimulation (EAS) for cochlea-on-a-chip construction and high-throughput drug screening, is presented. Benefiting from the superior biocompatibility and electrical property of conductive hydrogel, together with cochlear implant EAS, the inner ear progenitor cells can proliferate and spontaneously shape into spheres, finally forming cochlear organoids with good cell viability and structurally mature hair cells. By incorporating these progenitor cells-encapsulated hydrogels into a microfluidic-based cochlea-on-a-chip with culture chambers and a concentration gradient generator, a dynamic and high-throughput evaluation of inner ear disease-related drugs is demonstrated. These results indicate that the proposed cochlea-on-a-chip platform has great application potential in organoid cultivation and deafness drug evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangnan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jiayue Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xinyi Pang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yabo Zhai
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Dongyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Menghui Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yanru Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Danqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Bo Chu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Neurology and Oncology Drug Development, Nanjing, 210000, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair & Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518063, China
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14
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Kwak S, Song CL, Lee J, Kim S, Nam S, Park YJ, Lee J. Development of pluripotent stem cell-derived epidermal organoids that generate effective extracellular vesicles in skin regeneration. Biomaterials 2024; 307:122522. [PMID: 38428092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cellular skin substitutes such as epidermal constructs have been developed for various applications, including wound healing and skin regeneration. These cellular models are mostly derived from primary cells such as keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a two-dimensional (2D) state, and further development of three-dimensional (3D) cultured organoids is needed to provide insight into the in vivo epidermal phenotype and physiology. Here, we report the development of epidermal organoids (EpiOs) generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a novel epidermal construct and its application as a source of secreted biomolecules recovered by extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can be utilized for cell-free therapy of regenerative medicine. Differentiated iPSC-derived epidermal organoids (iEpiOs) are easily cultured and expanded through multiple organoid passages, while retaining molecular and functional features similar to in vivo epidermis. These mature iEpiOs contain epidermal stem cell populations and retain the ability to further differentiate into other skin compartment lineages, such as hair follicle stem cells. By closely recapitulating the epidermal structure, iEpiOs are expected to provide a more relevant microenvironment to influence cellular processes and therapeutic response. Indeed, iEpiOs can generate high-performance EVs containing high levels of the angiogenic growth factor VEGF and miRNAs predicted to regulate cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, and angiogenesis. These EVs contribute to target cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, providing a promising therapeutic tool for in vivo wound healing. Overall, the newly developed iEpiOs strategy as an organoid-based approach provides a powerful model for studying basic and translational skin research and may also lead to future therapeutic applications using iEpiOs-secreted EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojung Kwak
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Lok Song
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyeon Kim
- Department of Genome Medicine and Science, AI Convergence Center for Medical Science, Gachon Institute of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyoon Nam
- Department of Genome Medicine and Science, AI Convergence Center for Medical Science, Gachon Institute of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoon Lee
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Luo M, Lai J, Zhang E, Ma Y, He R, Mao L, Deng B, Zhu J, Ding Y, Huang J, Xue B, Wang Q, Zhang M, Huang P. Rapid Self-Assembly Mini-Livers Protect Mice Against Severe Hepatectomy-Induced Liver Failure. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309166. [PMID: 38493495 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The construction of bioartificial livers, such as liver organoids, offers significant promise for disease modeling, drug development, and regenerative medicine. However, existing methods for generating liver organoids have limitations, including lengthy and complex processes (taking 6-8 weeks or longer), safety concerns associated with pluripotency, limited functionality of pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes, and small, highly variable sizes (typically ≈50-500 µm in diameter). Prolonged culture also leads to the formation of necrotic cores, further restricting size and function. In this study, a straightforward and time-efficient approach is developed for creating rapid self-assembly mini-livers (RSALs) within 12 h. Additionally, primary hepatocytes are significantly expanded in vitro for use as seeding cells. RSALs exhibit consistent larger sizes (5.5 mm in diameter), improved cell viability (99%), and enhanced liver functionality. Notably, RSALs are functionally vascularized within 2 weeks post-transplantation into the mesentery of mice. These authentic hepatocyte-based RSALs effectively protect mice from 90%-hepatectomy-induced liver failure, demonstrating the potential of bioartificial liver-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jiahui Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Enhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Runbang He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Lina Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Bo Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Junjin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jialyu Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Core Laboratory, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qiangsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Pengyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Technology and Device (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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16
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Merle M, Friedman L, Chureau C, Shoushtarizadeh A, Gregor T. Precise and scalable self-organization in mammalian pseudo-embryos. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:896-902. [PMID: 38491138 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Gene expression is inherently noisy, posing a challenge to understanding how precise and reproducible patterns of gene expression emerge in mammals. Here we investigate this phenomenon using gastruloids, a three-dimensional in vitro model for early mammalian development. Our study reveals intrinsic reproducibility in the self-organization of gastruloids, encompassing growth dynamics and gene expression patterns. We observe a remarkable degree of control over gene expression along the main body axis, with pattern boundaries positioned with single-cell precision. Furthermore, as gastruloids grow, both their physical proportions and gene expression patterns scale proportionally with system size. Notably, these properties emerge spontaneously in self-organizing cell aggregates, distinct from many in vivo systems constrained by fixed boundary conditions. Our findings shed light on the intricacies of developmental precision, reproducibility and size scaling within a mammalian system, suggesting that these phenomena might constitute fundamental features of multicellularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélody Merle
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738 Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Leah Friedman
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738 Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Chureau
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738 Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Armin Shoushtarizadeh
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738 Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Gregor
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738 Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
- Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics & Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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17
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Kalla J, Pfneissl J, Mair T, Tran L, Egger G. A systematic review on the culture methods and applications of 3D tumoroids for cancer research and personalized medicine. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00960-8. [PMID: 38806997 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, and thus treatment responses vary greatly between patients. To improve therapy efficacy and outcome for cancer patients, more representative and patient-specific preclinical models are needed. Organoids and tumoroids are 3D cell culture models that typically retain the genetic and epigenetic characteristics, as well as the morphology, of their tissue of origin. Thus, they can be used to understand the underlying mechanisms of cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis in a more physiological setting. Additionally, co-culture methods of tumoroids and cancer-associated cells can help to understand the interplay between a tumor and its tumor microenvironment. In recent years, tumoroids have already helped to refine treatments and to identify new targets for cancer therapy. Advanced culturing systems such as chip-based fluidic devices and bioprinting methods in combination with tumoroids have been used for high-throughput applications for personalized medicine. Even though organoid and tumoroid models are complex in vitro systems, validation of results in vivo is still the common practice. Here, we describe how both animal- and human-derived tumoroids have helped to identify novel vulnerabilities for cancer treatment in recent years, and how they are currently used for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kalla
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janette Pfneissl
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresia Mair
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Loan Tran
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerda Egger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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18
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Bao P, Gu HY, Jiang YC, Wang JW, Wu M, Yu A, Zhong Z, Zhang XZ. In Situ Sprayed Exosome-Cross-Linked Gel as Artificial Lymph Nodes for Postoperative Glioblastoma Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13266-13276. [PMID: 38709874 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
One key challenge in postoperative glioblastoma immunotherapy is to guarantee a potent and durable T-cell response, which is restricted by the immunosuppressive microenvironment within the lymph nodes (LNs). Here, we develop an in situ sprayed exosome-cross-linked gel that acts as an artificial LN structure to directly activate the tumor-infiltrating T cells for prevention of glioma recurrence. Briefly, this gel is generated by a bio-orthogonal reaction between azide-modified chimeric exosomes and alkyne-modified alginate polymers. Particularly, these chimeric exosomes are generated from dendritic cell (DC)-tumor hybrid cells, allowing for direct and robust T-cell activation. The gel structure with chimeric exosomes as cross-linking points avoids the quick clearance by the immune system and thus prolongs the durability of antitumor T-cell immunity. Importantly, this exosome-containing immunotherapeutic gel provides chances for ameliorating functions of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) through accommodating different intracellular-acting adjuvants, such as stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists. This further enhances the antitumor T-cell response, resulting in the almost complete elimination of residual lesions after surgery. Our findings provide a promising strategy for postsurgical glioma immunotherapy that warrants further exploration in the clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Bao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Yun Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Aixi Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
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Wang F, Song P, Wang J, Wang S, Liu Y, Bai L, Su J. Organoid bioinks: construction and application. Biofabrication 2024; 16:032006. [PMID: 38697093 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad467c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Organoids have emerged as crucial platforms in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine but confront challenges in faithfully mimicking native tissue structures and functions. Bioprinting technologies offer a significant advancement, especially when combined with organoid bioinks-engineered formulations designed to encapsulate both the architectural and functional elements of specific tissues. This review provides a rigorous, focused examination of the evolution and impact of organoid bioprinting. It emphasizes the role of organoid bioinks that integrate key cellular components and microenvironmental cues to more accurately replicate native tissue complexity. Furthermore, this review anticipates a transformative landscape invigorated by the integration of artificial intelligence with bioprinting techniques. Such fusion promises to refine organoid bioink formulations and optimize bioprinting parameters, thus catalyzing unprecedented advancements in regenerative medicine. In summary, this review accentuates the pivotal role and transformative potential of organoid bioinks and bioprinting in advancing regenerative therapies, deepening our understanding of organ development, and clarifying disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiao Wang
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Peiran Song
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jian Wang
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Bai
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
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20
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Wang Z, Liu R, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Lu B, Li H, Ju C, Wu W, Gao X, Xu H, Cheng S, Cao Y, Jia S, Hu C, Zhu L, Hao D. Human Placenta Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Promotes the Generation of Human Spinal Cord Organoids with Dorsoventral Organization from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3218-3231. [PMID: 38593429 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord organoids are of significant value in the research of spinal cord-related diseases by simulating disease states, thereby facilitating the development of novel therapies. However, the complexity of spinal cord structure and physiological functions, along with the lack of human-derived inducing components, presents challenges in the in vitro construction of human spinal cord organoids. Here, we introduce a novel human decellularized placenta-derived extracellular matrix hydrogel (DPECMH) and, combined with a new induction protocol, successfully construct human spinal cord organoids. The human placenta-sourced decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), verified through hematoxylin and eosin staining, DNA quantification, and immunofluorescence staining, retained essential ECM components such as elastin, fibronectin, type I collagen, laminin, and so forth. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel made from human placenta dECM demonstrated good biocompatibility and promoted the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs)-derived spinal cord organoids into neurons. It displayed enhanced expression of laminar markers in comparison to Matrigel and showed higher expression of laminar markers compared to Matrigel, accelerating the maturation process of spinal cord organoids and demonstrating its potential as an organoid culture substrate. DPECMH has the potential to replace Matrigel as the standard additive for human spinal cord organoids, thus advancing the development of spinal cord organoid culture protocols and their application in the in vitro modeling of spinal cord-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Renfeng Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Youjun Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Botao Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Ju
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinlin Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hailiang Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shixiang Cheng
- Healthina Academy of Cellular Intelligence Manufacturing & Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, No. 220 DongTing Road, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
- TANGYI Biomedicine (Tianjin) Co. Ltd (TBMed), No. 286 Anshan West Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300190, China
| | - Yulin Cao
- Healthina Academy of Cellular Intelligence Manufacturing & Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, No. 220 DongTing Road, TEDA District, Tianjin 300457, China
- TANGYI Biomedicine (Tianjin) Co. Ltd (TBMed), No. 286 Anshan West Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300190, China
| | - Shuaijun Jia
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunping Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Spine Bionic Treatment, Youyi East Road No.555, Beilin District, Xi'an 710001, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Yin X, Li Q, Shu Y, Wang H, Thomas B, Maxwell JT, Zhang Y. Exploiting urine-derived induced pluripotent stem cells for advancing precision medicine in cell therapy, disease modeling, and drug testing. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:47. [PMID: 38724973 PMCID: PMC11084032 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine has witnessed remarkable advancements with the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a variety of sources. Among these, urine-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (u-iPSCs) have garnered substantial attention due to their non-invasive and patient-friendly acquisition method. This review manuscript delves into the potential and application of u-iPSCs in advancing precision medicine, particularly in the realms of drug testing, disease modeling, and cell therapy. U-iPSCs are generated through the reprogramming of somatic cells found in urine samples, offering a unique and renewable source of patient-specific pluripotent cells. Their utility in drug testing has revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry by providing personalized platforms for drug screening, toxicity assessment, and efficacy evaluation. The availability of u-iPSCs with diverse genetic backgrounds facilitates the development of tailored therapeutic approaches, minimizing adverse effects and optimizing treatment outcomes. Furthermore, u-iPSCs have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in disease modeling, allowing researchers to recapitulate patient-specific pathologies in vitro. This not only enhances our understanding of disease mechanisms but also serves as a valuable tool for drug discovery and development. In addition, u-iPSC-based disease models offer a platform for studying rare and genetically complex diseases, often underserved by traditional research methods. The versatility of u-iPSCs extends to cell therapy applications, where they hold immense promise for regenerative medicine. Their potential to differentiate into various cell types, including neurons, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes, enables the development of patient-specific cell replacement therapies. This personalized approach can revolutionize the treatment of degenerative diseases, organ failure, and tissue damage by minimizing immune rejection and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. However, several challenges and considerations, such as standardization of reprogramming protocols, genomic stability, and scalability, must be addressed to fully exploit u-iPSCs' potential in precision medicine. In conclusion, this review underscores the transformative impact of u-iPSCs on advancing precision medicine and highlights the future prospects and challenges in harnessing this innovative technology for improved healthcare outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Yin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Biju Thomas
- Keck School of Medicine, Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Joshua T Maxwell
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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22
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Freese T, Elzinga N, Heinemann M, Lerch MM, Feringa BL. The relevance of sustainable laboratory practices. RSC SUSTAINABILITY 2024; 2:1300-1336. [PMID: 38725867 PMCID: PMC11078267 DOI: 10.1039/d4su00056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Scientists are of key importance to the society to advocate awareness of the climate crisis and its underlying scientific evidence and provide solutions for a sustainable future. As much as scientific research has led to great achievements and benefits, traditional laboratory practices come with unintended environmental consequences. Scientists, while providing solutions to climate problems and educating the young innovators of the future, are also part of the problem: excessive energy consumption, (hazardous) waste generation, and resource depletion. Through their own research operations, science, research and laboratories have a significant carbon footprint and contribute to the climate crisis. Climate change requires a rapid response across all sectors of society, modeled by inspiring leaders. A broader scientific community that takes concrete actions would serve as an important step in convincing the general public of similar actions. Over the past years, grassroots movements across the sciences have recognized the overlooked impact of the scientific enterprise, and so-called Green Lab initiatives emerged seeking to address the environmental footprint of research. Driven by the voluntary efforts of researchers and staff, they educate peers, develop sustainability guidelines, write scientific publications and maintain accreditation frameworks. With this perspective we want to advocate for and spark leadership to promote a systemic change in laboratory practices and approach to research. Comprehensive evidence for the environmental impact of laboratories and their root-causes is presented, expanded with data from a current case study of the University of Groningen showcasing annual savings of 398 763 € as well as 477.1 tons of CO2e. This is followed by guidelines for sustainable lab practices and hands-on advice on how to achieve a systemic change at research institutions and industry. How can we expect industry, politics, and society to change, if we as scientists are not changing either? Scientists should lead by example and practice the change they want to see.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Freese
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Nils Elzinga
- Green Office, University of Groningen Broerstraat 5 9712 CP Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Heinemann
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Michael M Lerch
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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23
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Yin S, Yu Y, Wu N, Zhuo M, Wang Y, Niu Y, Ni Y, Hu F, Ding C, Liu H, Cheng X, Peng J, Li J, He Y, Li J, Wang J, Zhang H, Zhai X, Liu B, Wang Y, Yan S, Chen M, Li W, Peng J, Peng F, Xi R, Ye B, Jiang L, Xi JJ. Patient-derived tumor-like cell clusters for personalized chemo- and immunotherapies in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:717-733.e8. [PMID: 38593797 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Many patient-derived tumor models have emerged recently. However, their potential to guide personalized drug selection remains unclear. Here, we report patient-derived tumor-like cell clusters (PTCs) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), capable of conducting 100-5,000 drug tests within 10 days. We have established 283 PTC models with an 81% success rate. PTCs contain primary tumor epithelium self-assembled with endogenous stromal and immune cells and show a high degree of similarity to the original tumors in phenotypic and genotypic features. Utilizing standardized culture and drug-response assessment protocols, PTC drug-testing assays reveal 89% overall consistency in prospectively predicting clinical outcomes, with 98.1% accuracy distinguishing complete/partial response from progressive disease. Notably, PTCs enable accurate prediction of clinical outcomes for patients undergoing anti-PD1 therapy by combining cell viability and IFN-γ value assessments. These findings suggest that PTCs could serve as a valuable preclinical model for personalized medicine and basic research in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Minglei Zhuo
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanjie Niu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqian Ni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiming Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hanshuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; GeneX Health Co, Ltd, Beijing 100195, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhai
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Mailin Chen
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, China
| | - Jincui Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ruibin Xi
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Center for Statistical Science and Department of Biostatistics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Buqing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Liyan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianzhong Jeff Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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24
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Lindenhofer D, Haendeler S, Esk C, Littleboy JB, Brunet Avalos C, Naas J, Pflug FG, van de Ven EGP, Reumann D, Baffet AD, von Haeseler A, Knoblich JA. Cerebral organoids display dynamic clonal growth and tunable tissue replenishment. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:710-718. [PMID: 38714853 PMCID: PMC11098754 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
During brain development, neural progenitors expand through symmetric divisions before giving rise to differentiating cell types via asymmetric divisions. Transition between those modes varies among individual neural stem cells, resulting in clones of different sizes. Imaging-based lineage tracing allows for lineage analysis at high cellular resolution but systematic approaches to analyse clonal behaviour of entire tissues are currently lacking. Here we implement whole-tissue lineage tracing by genomic DNA barcoding in 3D human cerebral organoids, to show that individual stem cell clones produce progeny on a vastly variable scale. By using stochastic modelling we find that variable lineage sizes arise because a subpopulation of lineages retains symmetrically dividing cells. We show that lineage sizes can adjust to tissue demands after growth perturbation via chemical ablation or genetic restriction of a subset of cells in chimeric organoids. Our data suggest that adaptive plasticity of stem cell populations ensures robustness of development in human brain organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Lindenhofer
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Haendeler
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center of Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Esk
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Jamie B Littleboy
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Julia Naas
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center of Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian G Pflug
- Center of Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Biological Complexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Eline G P van de Ven
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Reumann
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandre D Baffet
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Paris, France
| | - Arndt von Haeseler
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Computer Science, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen A Knoblich
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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25
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Liu Y, Gao H, Chen H, Ji S, Wu L, Zhang H, Wang Y, Fu X, Sun X. Sebaceous gland organoid engineering. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkae003. [PMID: 38699464 PMCID: PMC11063650 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Sebaceous glands (SGs), as holocrine-secreting appendages, lubricate the skin and play a central role in the skin barrier. Large full-thickness skin defects cause overall architecture disruption and SG loss. However, an effective strategy for SG regeneration is lacking. Organoids are 3D multicellular structures that replicate key anatomical and functional characteristics of in vivo tissues and exhibit great potential in regenerative medicine. Recently, considerable progress has been made in developing reliable procedures for SG organoids and existing SG organoids recapitulate the main morphological, structural and functional features of their in vivo counterparts. Engineering approaches empower researchers to manipulate cell behaviors, the surrounding environment and cell-environment crosstalk within the culture system as needed. These techniques can be applied to the SG organoid culture system to generate functionally more competent SG organoids. This review aims to provide an overview of recent advancements in SG organoid engineering. It highlights some potential strategies for SG organoid functionalization that are promising to forge a platform for engineering vascularized, innervated, immune-interactive and lipogenic SG organoids. We anticipate that this review will not only contribute to improving our understanding of SG biology and regeneration but also facilitate the transition of the SG organoid from laboratory research to a feasible clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiong Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Gao
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huating Chen
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Shuaifei Ji
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Queen Mary School of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
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Saadeldin IM, Ehab S, Noreldin AE, Swelum AAA, Bang S, Kim H, Yoon KY, Lee S, Cho J. Current strategies using 3D organoids to establish in vitro maternal-embryonic interaction. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e40. [PMID: 38834510 PMCID: PMC11156602 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.24004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The creation of robust maternal-embryonic interactions and implantation models is important for comprehending the early stages of embryonic development and reproductive disorders. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems often fail to accurately mimic the highly complex in vivo conditions. The employment of three-dimensional (3D) organoids has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations in recent years. The advancements in the field of organoid technology have opened new avenues for studying the physiology and diseases affecting female reproductive tract. OBSERVATIONS This review summarizes the current strategies and advancements in the field of 3D organoids to establish maternal-embryonic interaction and implantation models for use in research and personalized medicine in assisted reproductive technology. The concepts of endometrial organoids, menstrual blood flow organoids, placental trophoblast organoids, stem cell-derived blastoids, and in vitro-generated embryo models are discussed in detail. We show the incorportaion of organoid systems and microfluidic technology to enhance tissue performance and precise management of the cellular surroundings. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This review provides insights into the future direction of modeling maternal-embryonic interaction research and its combination with other powerful technologies to interfere with this dialogue either by promoting or hindering it for improving fertility or methods for contraception, respectively. The merging of organoid systems with microfluidics facilitates the creation of sophisticated and functional organoid models, enhancing insights into organ development, disease mechanisms, and personalized medical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Mohamed Saadeldin
- Comparative Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seif Ehab
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 11341, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elsayed Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, the Scientific Campus, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Seonggyu Bang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Division in Biomedical Art, Department of Fine Art, Incheon Catholic University Graduate School, Incheon 21986, Korea
| | - Ki Young Yoon
- Department of Companion Animal, Shingu College, Seongnam 13174, Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Cerneckis J, Cai H, Shi Y. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): molecular mechanisms of induction and applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:112. [PMID: 38670977 PMCID: PMC11053163 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has transformed in vitro research and holds great promise to advance regenerative medicine. iPSCs have the capacity for an almost unlimited expansion, are amenable to genetic engineering, and can be differentiated into most somatic cell types. iPSCs have been widely applied to model human development and diseases, perform drug screening, and develop cell therapies. In this review, we outline key developments in the iPSC field and highlight the immense versatility of the iPSC technology for in vitro modeling and therapeutic applications. We begin by discussing the pivotal discoveries that revealed the potential of a somatic cell nucleus for reprogramming and led to successful generation of iPSCs. We consider the molecular mechanisms and dynamics of somatic cell reprogramming as well as the numerous methods available to induce pluripotency. Subsequently, we discuss various iPSC-based cellular models, from mono-cultures of a single cell type to complex three-dimensional organoids, and how these models can be applied to elucidate the mechanisms of human development and diseases. We use examples of neurological disorders, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and cancer to highlight the diversity of disease-specific phenotypes that can be modeled using iPSC-derived cells. We also consider how iPSC-derived cellular models can be used in high-throughput drug screening and drug toxicity studies. Finally, we discuss the process of developing autologous and allogeneic iPSC-based cell therapies and their potential to alleviate human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Cerneckis
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Hongxia Cai
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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Lahusen A, Cai J, Schirmbeck R, Wellstein A, Kleger A, Seufferlein T, Eiseler T, Lin YN. A pancreatic cancer organoid-in-matrix platform shows distinct sensitivities to T cell killing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9377. [PMID: 38654067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor treatment responses of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are in large part due to tumor heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive desmoplastic tumor stroma that impacts interactions with cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Thus, there is a pressing need for models to probe the contributions of cellular and noncellular crosstalk. Organoids are promising model systems with the potential to generate a plethora of data including phenotypic, transcriptomic and genomic characterization but still require improvements in culture conditions mimicking the TME. Here, we describe an INTERaction with Organoid-in-MatriX ("InterOMaX") model system, that presents a 3D co-culture-based platform for investigating matrix-dependent cellular crosstalk. We describe its potential to uncover new molecular mechanisms of T cell responses to murine KPC (LSL-KrasG12D/+27/Trp53tm1Tyj/J/p48Cre/+) PDAC cells as well as PDAC patient-derived organoids (PDOs). For this, a customizable matrix and homogenously sized organoid-in-matrix positioning of cancer cells were designed based on a standardized agarose microwell chip array system and established for co-culture with T cells and inclusion of stromal cells. We describe the detection and orthogonal analysis of murine and human PDAC cell populations with distinct sensitivity to T cell killing that is corroborated in vivo. By enabling both identification and validation of gene candidates for T cell resistance, this platform sets the stage for better mechanistic understanding of cancer cell-intrinsic resistance phenotypes in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Lahusen
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jierui Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schirmbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Alexander Kleger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Stem Cell Biology (IMOS), Ulm University Hospital, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Division of Interdisciplinary Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Organoid Core Facility, Ulm University Hospital, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tim Eiseler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yuan-Na Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Nutrition and Metabolism, Ulm University Hospital, Albert Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Chau CW, To A, Au-Yeung RKH, Tang K, Xiang Y, Ruan D, Zhang L, Wong H, Zhang S, Au MT, Chung S, Song E, Choi DH, Liu P, Yuan S, Wen C, Sugimura R. SARS-CoV-2 infection activates inflammatory macrophages in vascular immune organoids. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8781. [PMID: 38627497 PMCID: PMC11021416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 provokes devastating tissue damage by cytokine release syndrome and leads to multi-organ failure. Modeling the process of immune cell activation and subsequent tissue damage is a significant task. Organoids from human tissues advanced our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms though, they are missing crucial components: immune cells and endothelial cells. This study aims to generate organoids with these components. We established vascular immune organoids from human pluripotent stem cells and examined the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We demonstrated that infections activated inflammatory macrophages. Notably, the upregulation of interferon signaling supports macrophages' role in cytokine release syndrome. We propose vascular immune organoids are a useful platform to model and discover factors that ameliorate SARS-CoV-2-mediated cytokine release syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu Wang Chau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Alex To
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Rex K H Au-Yeung
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Kaiming Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yang Xiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Degong Ruan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Hera Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Shihui Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Man Ting Au
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | - Pentao Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
| | - Ryohichi Sugimura
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.
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30
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Zhang Y, Zhuang Y, Zhou J, Xie X, Sun M, Zheng M, Yuan K, Zhang Z, Zhang J. Effect of estradiol after bacterial infection on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in bovine endometrium epithelial cells and organoids. Theriogenology 2024; 219:75-85. [PMID: 38402700 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Endometritis is a disease caused by a postpartum bacterial infection with a poor prognosis that primarily affects dairy cows. Three-dimensional organoids have been used as a model for endometritis, because they exhibit a structure comparable to that of the endometrium, demonstrating both expansibility and hormone responsiveness. These characteristics render them an ideal platform for in vitro investigations of endometrial diseases. Estradiol (E2) is an endogenous steroid hormone with demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, and the objective of this study was to determine the mechanism by which E2 modulates the inflammatory response and the Wnt signal transduction pathway in bovine endometrial epithelial cells and organoids following E. coli infection. We present the techniques for isolating and culturing primary bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs), and producing endometrial organoids. For the experiments, the endometrial epithelial cells and organoids were infected with E. coli for 1 h, followed by incubation with E2 for 12 h. The mRNA and protein expressions of the inflammation-related genes, IL-1β, IL-6, TLR4, and NF-κB, as well as the Wnt pathway-related genes, Wnt4, β-catenin, c-Myc, and CyclinD1, were assessed using real-time quantitative-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The CCK8 viable cell counting assay was utilized to determine the optimal concentration of the Wnt inhibitor, IWR-1. The mRNA and protein expression of Wnt pathway-related genes was assessed following IWR-1 treatment, while the expression levels of proliferation-associated genes (Ki67, PCNA) and barrier repair genes (occludin, claudin, and Zo-1) in BEECs and organoids were evaluated after E2 treatment. The results of this study show that mRNA expression of the inflammatory genes, IL-1β, TLR4, and NF-κB (P < 0.05) decreased in BEECs following E2 treatment compared to the E. coli group. The protein expression of the IL-1β, IL-6, TLR4 and NF-κB genes was also inhibited (P < 0.05). Similar results were observed in tests on the organoids. Our findings demonstrate that E2 significantly upregulates the expression of Wnt-related genes, including β-catenin and c-Myc, while concurrently downregulating the expression of GSK3β (P < 0.05). Next, we treated E. coli-infected BEECs and organoids with the Wnt inhibitor, IWR-1. Compared with E. coli and E. coli + E2, the expression of mRNA and protein from Wnt 4, β-catenin, and CyclinD1 in E. coli + E2 and E. coli + IWR-1 was down-regulated (P < 0.05). The expression of the proliferation genes, Ki67, PCNA, and the tight junction genes, occludin, claudin1, and Zo-1, in organoids was significantly higher than that in BEECs (P < 0.05). In summary, we found strong potential for E2 mitigation of the E. coli-induced inflammatory response in BEECs and organoids, through activation of the Wnt pathway. In addition, the proliferation and repair capacity of organoids was much higher than that of BEECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yujie Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Mingzhu Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Mengyao Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Keyun Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Juntao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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31
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Osaki T, Duenki T, Chow SYA, Ikegami Y, Beaubois R, Levi T, Nakagawa-Tamagawa N, Hirano Y, Ikeuchi Y. Complex activity and short-term plasticity of human cerebral organoids reciprocally connected with axons. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2945. [PMID: 38600094 PMCID: PMC11006899 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
An inter-regional cortical tract is one of the most fundamental architectural motifs that integrates neural circuits to orchestrate and generate complex functions of the human brain. To understand the mechanistic significance of inter-regional projections on development of neural circuits, we investigated an in vitro neural tissue model for inter-regional connections, in which two cerebral organoids are connected with a bundle of reciprocally extended axons. The connected organoids produced more complex and intense oscillatory activity than conventional or directly fused cerebral organoids, suggesting the inter-organoid axonal connections enhance and support the complex network activity. In addition, optogenetic stimulation of the inter-organoid axon bundles could entrain the activity of the organoids and induce robust short-term plasticity of the macroscopic circuit. These results demonstrated that the projection axons could serve as a structural hub that boosts functionality of the organoid-circuits. This model could contribute to further investigation on development and functions of macroscopic neuronal circuits in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Osaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoya Duenki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- LIMMS/CNRS, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Siu Yu A Chow
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikegami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Romain Beaubois
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS/CNRS, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- IMS Laboratory, UMR5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Timothée Levi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS/CNRS, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- IMS Laboratory, UMR5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Nao Nakagawa-Tamagawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiho Ikeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- LIMMS/CNRS, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yan S, He Y, Zhu Y, Ye W, Chen Y, Zhu C, Zhan F, Ma Z. Human patient derived organoids: an emerging precision medicine model for gastrointestinal cancer research. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1384450. [PMID: 38638528 PMCID: PMC11024315 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1384450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers account for approximately one-third of the total global cancer incidence and mortality with a poor prognosis. It is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Most of these diseases lack effective treatment, occurring as a result of inappropriate models to develop safe and potent therapies. As a novel preclinical model, tumor patient-derived organoids (PDOs), can be established from patients' tumor tissue and cultured in the laboratory in 3D architectures. This 3D model can not only highly simulate and preserve key biological characteristics of the source tumor tissue in vitro but also reproduce the in vivo tumor microenvironment through co-culture. Our review provided an overview of the different in vitro models in current tumor research, the derivation of cells in PDO models, and the application of PDO model technology in gastrointestinal cancers, particularly the applications in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, tumor microenvironment simulation, drug screening, drug development, and personalized medicine. It also elucidates the ethical status quo of organoid research and the current challenges encountered in clinical research, and offers a forward-looking assessment of the potential paths for clinical organoid research advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Yan
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan He
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuehong Zhu
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wangfang Ye
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
| | - Cong Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
| | - Fuyuan Zhan
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Ma
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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De Vitis E, Stanzione A, Romano A, Quattrini A, Gigli G, Moroni L, Gervaso F, Polini A. The Evolution of Technology-Driven In Vitro Models for Neurodegenerative Diseases. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304989. [PMID: 38366798 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The alteration in the neural circuits of both central and peripheral nervous systems is closely related to the onset of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Despite significant research efforts, the knowledge regarding NDD pathological processes, and the development of efficacious drugs are still limited due to the inability to access and reproduce the components of the nervous system and its intricate microenvironment. 2D culture systems are too simplistic to accurately represent the more complex and dynamic situation of cells in vivo and have therefore been surpassed by 3D systems. However, both models suffer from various limitations that can be overcome by employing two innovative technologies: organ-on-chip and 3D printing. In this review, an overview of the advantages and shortcomings of both microfluidic platforms and extracellular matrix-like biomaterials will be given. Then, the combination of microfluidics and hydrogels as a new synergistic approach to study neural disorders by analyzing the latest advances in 3D brain-on-chip for neurodegenerative research will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora De Vitis
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Antonella Stanzione
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Gervaso
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polini
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecotekn, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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Harter MF, Recaldin T, Gerard R, Avignon B, Bollen Y, Esposito C, Guja-Jarosz K, Kromer K, Filip A, Aubert J, Schneider A, Bacac M, Bscheider M, Stokar-Regenscheit N, Piscuoglio S, Beumer J, Gjorevski N. Analysis of off-tumour toxicities of T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies via donor-matched intestinal organoids and tumouroids. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:345-360. [PMID: 38114742 PMCID: PMC11087266 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the toxicity of cancer immunotherapies preclinically is challenging because models of tumours and healthy organs do not typically fully recapitulate the expression of relevant human antigens. Here we show that patient-derived intestinal organoids and tumouroids supplemented with immune cells can be used to study the on-target off-tumour toxicities of T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies (TCBs), and to capture clinical toxicities not predicted by conventional tissue-based models as well as inter-patient variabilities in TCB responses. We analysed the mechanisms of T-cell-mediated damage of neoplastic and donor-matched healthy epithelia at a single-cell resolution using multiplexed immunofluorescence. We found that TCBs that target the epithelial cell-adhesion molecule led to apoptosis in healthy organoids in accordance with clinical observations, and that apoptosis is associated with T-cell activation, cytokine release and intra-epithelial T-cell infiltration. Conversely, tumour organoids were more resistant to damage, probably owing to a reduced efficiency of T-cell infiltration within the epithelium. Patient-derived intestinal organoids can aid the study of immune-epithelial interactions as well as the preclinical and clinical development of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius F Harter
- Institute of Human Biology (IHB), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, University Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Timothy Recaldin
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Regine Gerard
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Blandine Avignon
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yannik Bollen
- Institute of Human Biology (IHB), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cinzia Esposito
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Kristina Kromer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Filip
- Institute of Human Biology (IHB), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julien Aubert
- Institute of Human Biology (IHB), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anneliese Schneider
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Marina Bacac
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Michael Bscheider
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Joep Beumer
- Institute of Human Biology (IHB), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolche Gjorevski
- Institute of Human Biology (IHB), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Morimoto K, Suzuki H, Kuno A, Daitoku Y, Tanimoto Y, Kato K, Murata K, Sugiyama F, Mizuno S. Regional random mutagenesis driven by multiple sgRNAs and diverse on-target genome editing events to identify functionally important elements in non-coding regions. Open Biol 2024; 14:240007. [PMID: 38565160 PMCID: PMC10987234 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional regions that regulate biological phenomena are interspersed throughout eukaryotic genomes. The most definitive approach for identifying such regions is to confirm the phenotype of cells or organisms in which specific regions have been mutated or removed from the genome. This approach is invaluable for the functional analysis of genes with a defined functional element, the protein-coding sequence. By contrast, no functional analysis platforms have been established for the study of cis-elements or microRNA cluster regions consisting of multiple microRNAs with functional overlap. Whole-genome mutagenesis approaches, such as via N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea and gene trapping, have greatly contributed to elucidating the function of coding genes. These methods almost never induce deletions of genomic regions or multiple mutations within a narrow region. In other words, cis-elements and microRNA clusters cannot be effectively targeted in such a manner. Herein, we established a novel region-specific random mutagenesis method named CRISPR- and transposase-based regional mutagenesis (CTRL-mutagenesis). We demonstrate that CTRL-mutagenesis randomly induces diverse mutations within target regions in murine embryonic stem cells. Comparative analysis of mutants harbouring subtly different mutations within the same region would facilitate the further study of cis-element and microRNA clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Morimoto
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Hayate Suzuki
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Trans-Border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kuno
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Daitoku
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Trans-Border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanimoto
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Trans-Border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kanako Kato
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Trans-Border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Trans-Border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Trans-Border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Trans-Border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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Zhu H, Qu S, Deng Y, Gong M, Xiang Y, Teng Y, Ye D. Application of organoids in otolaryngology: head and neck surgery. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:1643-1649. [PMID: 38091101 PMCID: PMC10942880 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to systematically summarize the application of organoids in the field of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. It aims to shed light on the current advancements and future potential of organoid technology in these areas, particularly in addressing challenges like hearing loss, cancer research, and organ regeneration. METHODS Review of current literature regrading organoids in the field of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. RESULTS The review highlights several advancements in the field. In otology, the development of organoid replacement therapies offers new avenues for treating hearing loss. In nasal science, the creation of specific organoid models aids in studying nasopharyngeal carcinoma and respiratory viruses. In head and neck surgery, innovative approaches for squamous cell carcinoma prediction and thyroid regeneration using organoids have been developed. CONCLUSION Organoid research in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery is still at an early stage. This review underscores the potential of this technology in advancing our understanding and treatment of various conditions, predicting a transformative impact on future medical practices in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoshu Teng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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Ko J, Hyung S, Cheong S, Chung Y, Li Jeon N. Revealing the clinical potential of high-resolution organoids. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115202. [PMID: 38336091 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The symbiotic interplay of organoid technology and advanced imaging strategies yields innovative breakthroughs in research and clinical applications. Organoids, intricate three-dimensional cell cultures derived from pluripotent or adult stem/progenitor cells, have emerged as potent tools for in vitro modeling, reflecting in vivo organs and advancing our grasp of tissue physiology and disease. Concurrently, advanced imaging technologies such as confocal, light-sheet, and two-photon microscopy ignite fresh explorations, uncovering rich organoid information. Combined with advanced imaging technologies and the power of artificial intelligence, organoids provide new insights that bridge experimental models and real-world clinical scenarios. This review explores exemplary research that embodies this technological synergy and how organoids reshape personalized medicine and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Ko
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Hyung
- Precision Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghun Cheong
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Chung
- Division of Computer Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin 17035, Republic of Korea
| | - Noo Li Jeon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Qureator, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
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38
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Chen B, Du C, Wang M, Guo J, Liu X. Organoids as preclinical models of human disease: progress and applications. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:129-153. [PMID: 38680680 PMCID: PMC11046574 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In the field of biomedical research, organoids represent a remarkable advancement that has the potential to revolutionize our approach to studying human diseases even before clinical trials. Organoids are essentially miniature 3D models of specific organs or tissues, enabling scientists to investigate the causes of diseases, test new drugs, and explore personalized medicine within a controlled laboratory setting. Over the past decade, organoid technology has made substantial progress, allowing researchers to create highly detailed environments that closely mimic the human body. These organoids can be generated from various sources, including pluripotent stem cells, specialized tissue cells, and tumor tissue cells. This versatility enables scientists to replicate a wide range of diseases affecting different organ systems, effectively creating disease replicas in a laboratory dish. This exciting capability has provided us with unprecedented insights into the progression of diseases and how we can develop improved treatments. In this paper, we will provide an overview of the progress made in utilizing organoids as preclinical models, aiding our understanding and providing a more effective approach to addressing various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baodan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cijie Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengfei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Guo
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Nakahashi H, Oda T, Shimomura O, Akashi Y, Takahashi K, Miyazaki Y, Furuta T, Kuroda Y, Louphrasitthiphol P, Mathis BJ, Tateno H. Aberrant Glycosylation in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma 3D Organoids Is Mediated by KRAS Mutations. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2024; 2024:1529449. [PMID: 38528852 PMCID: PMC10963106 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1529449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation in tumor cells is a hallmark during carcinogenesis. KRAS gene mutations are the most well-known oncogenic abnormalities but their association with glycan alterations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is largely unknown. We employed patient-derived 3D organoids to culture pure live PDAC cells, excluding contamination by fibroblasts and immune cells, to gasp the comprehensive cancer cell surface glycan expression profile using lectin microarray and transcriptomic analyses. Surgical specimens from 24 PDAC patients were digested and embedded into a 3D culture system. Surface-bound glycans of 3D organoids were analyzed by high-density, 96-lectin microarrays. KRAS mutation status and expression of various glycosyltransferases were analyzed by RNA-seq. We successfully established 16 3D organoids: 14 PDAC, 1 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), and 1 normal pancreatic duct. KRAS was mutated in 13 (7 G12V, 5 G12D, 1 Q61L) and wild in 3 organoids (1 normal duct, 1 IPMN, 1 PDAC). Lectin reactivity of AAL (Aleuria aurantia) and AOL (Aspergillus oryzae) with binding activity to α1-3 fucose was higher in organoids with KRAS mutants than those with KRAS wild-type. FUT6 (α1-3fucosyltransferase 6) and FUT3 (α1-3/4 fucosyltransferase 3) expression was also higher in KRAS mutants than wild-type. Meanwhile, mannose-binding lectin (rRSL [Ralstonia solanacearum] and rBC2LA [Burkholderia cenocepacia]) signals were higher while those of galactose-binding lectins (rGal3C and rCGL2) were lower in the KRAS mutants. We demonstrated here that PDAC 3D-cultured organoids with KRAS mutations were dominantly covered in increased fucosylated glycans, pointing towards novel treatment targets and/or tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Nakahashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Osamu Shimomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Akashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takahashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyazaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Furuta
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yukihito Kuroda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Pakavarin Louphrasitthiphol
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Bryan J. Mathis
- International Medical Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
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Waldhaus J, Jiang L, Liu L, Liu J, Duncan RK. Mapping the developmental potential of mouse inner ear organoids at single-cell resolution. iScience 2024; 27:109069. [PMID: 38375227 PMCID: PMC10875570 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Inner ear organoids recapitulate development and are intended to generate cell types of the otic lineage for applications such as basic science research and cell replacement strategies. Here, we use single-cell sequencing to study the cellular heterogeneity of late-stage mouse inner ear organoid sensory epithelia, which we validated by comparison with datasets of the mouse cochlea and vestibular epithelia. We resolved supporting cell sub-types, cochlear-like hair cells, and vestibular type I and type II-like hair cells. While cochlear-like hair cells aligned best with an outer hair cell trajectory, vestibular-like hair cells followed developmental trajectories similar to in vivo programs branching into type II and then type I extrastriolar hair cells. These results highlight the transcriptional accuracy of the organoid developmental program but will also inform future strategies to improve synaptic connectivity and regional specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Waldhaus
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Linghua Jiang
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Liqian Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert Keith Duncan
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Ann Arbor Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Zhu J, Zhou J, Feng B, Pan Q, Yang J, Lang G, Shang D, Zhou J, Li L, Yu J, Cao H. MSCs alleviate LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the proinflammatory function of macrophages in mouse lung organoid-macrophage model. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:124. [PMID: 38466420 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory disease associated with alveolar injury, subsequent macrophage activation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cytokine production. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are beneficial for application in the treatment of inflammatory diseases due to their immunomodulatory effects. However, the mechanisms of regulatory effects by MSCs on macrophages in ALI need more in-depth study. Lung tissues were collected from mice for mouse lung organoid construction. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) derived from bronchoalveolar lavage and interstitial macrophages (IMs) derived from lung tissue were co-cultured, with novel matrigel-spreading lung organoids to construct an in vitro model of lung organoids-immune cells. Mouse compact bone-derived MSCs were co-cultured with organoids-macrophages to confirm their therapeutic effect on acute lung injury. Changes in transcriptome expression profile were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Well-established lung organoids expressed various lung cell type-specific markers. Lung organoids grown on spreading matrigel had the property of functional cells growing outside the lumen. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury promoted macrophage chemotaxis toward lung organoids and enhanced the expression of inflammation-associated genes in inflammation-injured lung organoids-macrophages compared with controls. Treatment with MSCs inhibited the injury progress and reduced the levels of inflammatory components. Furthermore, through the nuclear factor-κB pathway, MSC treatment inhibited inflammatory and phenotypic transformation of AMs and modulated the antigen-presenting function of IMs, thereby affecting the inflammatory phenotype of lung organoids. Lung organoids grown by spreading matrigel facilitate the reception of external stimuli and the construction of in vitro models containing immune cells, which is a potential novel model for disease research. MSCs exert protective effects against lung injury by regulating different functions of AMs and IMs in the lung, indicating a potential mechanism for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jiahang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bing Feng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiaoling Pan
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Guanjing Lang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Dandan Shang
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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He L, She C, Jiang S, Qi Z, Deng Z, Ji L, Cui Y, Wu J. Mammalian enabled protein enhances tamoxifen sensitivity of the hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients by suppressing the AKT signaling pathway. Biol Direct 2024; 19:21. [PMID: 38459605 PMCID: PMC10921784 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00464-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian enabled (MENA) protein is a member of the enabled/vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP) protein family, which regulates cytoplasmic actin network assembly. It plays a significant role in breast cancer invasion, migration, and resistance against targeted therapy and chemotherapy. However, its role in the efficacy of endocrine therapy for the hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer patients is not known. This study investigated the role of MENA in the resistance against tamoxifen therapy in patients with HR+ breast cancer and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS MENA expression levels in the clinical HR+ breast cancer samples (n = 119) were estimated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) to determine its association with the clinicopathological features, tamoxifen resistance, and survival outcomes. Western blotting (WB) and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to estimate the MENA protein and mRNA levels in the tamoxifen-sensitive and -resistant HR+ breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, CCK8, colony formation, and the transwell invasion and migration assays were used to analyze the effects of MENA knockdown on the biological behavior and tamoxifen sensitivity of the HR+ breast cancer cell lines. Xenograft tumor experiments were performed in the nude mice to determine the tumor growth rates and tamoxifen sensitivity of the control and MENA knockdown HR+ breast cancer cells in the presence and absence of tamoxifen treatment. Furthermore, we estimated the growth rates of organoids derived from the HR+ breast cancer patients (n = 10) with high and low MENA expression levels when treated with tamoxifen. RESULTS HR+ breast cancer patients with low MENA expression demonstrated tamoxifen resistance and poorer prognosis compared to those with high MENA expression. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that MENA expression was an independent predictor of tamoxifen resistance in patients with HR+ breast cancer. MENA knockdown HR+ breast cancer cells showed significantly reduced tamoxifen sensitivity in the in vitro experiments and the in vivo xenograft tumor mouse model compared with the corresponding controls. Furthermore, MENA knockdown increased the in vitro invasion and migration of the HR+ breast cancer cells. HR+ breast cancer organoids with low MENA expression demonstrated reduced tamoxifen sensitivity than those with higher MENA expression. Mechanistically, P-AKT levels were significantly upregulated in the MENA-knockdown HR + breast cancer cells treated with or without 4-OHT compared with the corresponding controls. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that downregulation of MENA promoted tamoxifen resistance in the HR+ breast cancer tissues and cells by enhancing the AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, MENA is a promising prediction biomarker for determining tamoxifen sensitivity in patients with HR+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang He
- Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment of Shantou University Medical College, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chuanghong She
- The Breast Center, People's Hospital of Jieyang, Jieyang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Sen Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaochang Qi
- Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment of Shantou University Medical College, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihao Deng
- Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment of Shantou University Medical College, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Likeng Ji
- Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment of Shantou University Medical College, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yukun Cui
- Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment of Shantou University Medical College, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jundong Wu
- Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Zhang Y, Liu K, He H, Xiao H, Fang Z, Chen X, Li H. Innovative explorations: unveiling the potential of organoids for investigating environmental pollutant exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16256-16273. [PMID: 38342830 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
As the economy rapidly develops, chemicals are widely produced and used. This has exacerbated the problems associated with environmental pollution, raising the need for efficient toxicological evaluation techniques to investigate the toxic effects and mechanisms of toxicity of environmental pollutants. The progress in the techniques of cell culture in three dimensions has resulted in the creation of models that are more relevant in terms of biology and physiology. This enables researchers to study organ development, toxicology, and drug screening. Adult stem cells (ASCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be obtained from various mammalian tissues, including cancerous and healthy tissues. Such stem cells exhibit a significant level of tissue memory and ability to self-assemble. When cultivated in 3D in vitro environments, the resulting organoids demonstrate a remarkable capacity to recapitulate the cellular composition and function of organs in vivo. Recently, many tumors' tissue-derived organoids have been widely used in research on tumor pathogenesis, drug development, precision medicine, and other fields, including those derived from colon cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, liver cancer, and gastric cancer. However, the application of organoid models for evaluating the toxicity of environmental pollutants is still in its infancy. This review introduces the characteristics of the toxicity responses of organoid models upon exposure to pollutants from the perspectives of organoid characteristics, tissue types, and their applications in toxicology; discusses the feasibility of using organoid models in evaluating the toxicity of pollutants; and provides a reference for future toxicological studies on environmental pollutants based on organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhihong Fang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xianxian Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Setiawan J, Rizal DM, Sofyantoro F, Priyono DS, Septriani NI, Mafiroh WU, Kotani T, Matozaki T, Putri WA. Bibliometric analysis of organoids in regenerative medicine-related research worldwide over two decades (2002-2022). Regen Med 2024; 19:119-133. [PMID: 38449425 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the trends in organoid culture research within the field of regenerative medicine from 2002 to 2022. Methods: The worldwide distribution of organoid research in regenerative medicine articles indexed in the Scopus database was analyzed. Result: A total of 840 documents were analyzed, averaging 42 publications annually. The USA (n = 296) led in publications, followed by China (n = 127), Japan (n = 91) and the UK (n = 75). Since 2011, research has surged, particularly in China, which emerged as a prominent center. Conclusion: The findings highlight significant growth in organoid research, promising future organ transplantation. Research trends integrate tissue engineering, gene modification and induced pluripotent stem cell technologies, reflecting a move toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jajar Setiawan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Moch Rizal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fajar Sofyantoro
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Sendi Priyono
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nur Indah Septriani
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wulan Usfi Mafiroh
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Wahyu Aristyaning Putri
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Qu S, Xu R, Yi G, Li Z, Zhang H, Qi S, Huang G. Patient-derived organoids in human cancer: a platform for fundamental research and precision medicine. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:6. [PMID: 38342791 PMCID: PMC10859360 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is associated with a high degree of heterogeneity, encompassing both inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, along with considerable variability in clinical response to common treatments across patients. Conventional models for tumor research, such as in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal models, demonstrate significant limitations that fall short of satisfying the research requisites. Patient-derived tumor organoids, which recapitulate the structures, specific functions, molecular characteristics, genomics alterations and expression profiles of primary tumors. They have been efficaciously implemented in illness portrayal, mechanism exploration, high-throughput drug screening and assessment, discovery of innovative therapeutic targets and potential compounds, and customized treatment regimen for cancer patients. In contrast to conventional models, tumor organoids offer an intuitive, dependable, and efficient in vitro research model by conserving the phenotypic, genetic diversity, and mutational attributes of the originating tumor. Nevertheless, the organoid technology also confronts the bottlenecks and challenges, such as how to comprehensively reflect intra-tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, tumor angiogenesis, reduce research costs, and establish standardized construction processes while retaining reliability. This review extensively examines the use of tumor organoid techniques in fundamental research and precision medicine. It emphasizes the importance of patient-derived tumor organoid biobanks for drug development, screening, safety evaluation, and personalized medicine. Additionally, it evaluates the application of organoid technology as an experimental tumor model to better understand the molecular mechanisms of tumor. The intent of this review is to explicate the significance of tumor organoids in cancer research and to present new avenues for the future of tumor research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqiang Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongyang Xu
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhong Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Huayang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Songtao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guanglong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- The Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Brain disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Dadao Bei Street 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Tao Y, Zhang Q, Wang H, Yang X, Mu H. Alternative splicing and related RNA binding proteins in human health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:26. [PMID: 38302461 PMCID: PMC10835012 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) serves as a pivotal mechanism in transcriptional regulation, engendering transcript diversity, and modifications in protein structure and functionality. Across varying tissues, developmental stages, or under specific conditions, AS gives rise to distinct splice isoforms. This implies that these isoforms possess unique temporal and spatial roles, thereby associating AS with standard biological activities and diseases. Among these, AS-related RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an instrumental role in regulating alternative splicing events. Under physiological conditions, the diversity of proteins mediated by AS influences the structure, function, interaction, and localization of proteins, thereby participating in the differentiation and development of an array of tissues and organs. Under pathological conditions, alterations in AS are linked with various diseases, particularly cancer. These changes can lead to modifications in gene splicing patterns, culminating in changes or loss of protein functionality. For instance, in cancer, abnormalities in AS and RBPs may result in aberrant expression of cancer-associated genes, thereby promoting the onset and progression of tumors. AS and RBPs are also associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune diseases. Consequently, the study of AS across different tissues holds significant value. This review provides a detailed account of the recent advancements in the study of alternative splicing and AS-related RNA-binding proteins in tissue development and diseases, which aids in deepening the understanding of gene expression complexity and offers new insights and methodologies for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China.
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Salu P, Reindl KM. Advancements in Preclinical Models of Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2024; 53:e205-e220. [PMID: 38206758 PMCID: PMC10842038 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest of all cancer types with a 5-year overall survival rate of just 12%. Preclinical models available for understanding the disease pathophysiology have evolved significantly in recent years. Traditionally, commercially available 2-dimensional cell lines were developed to investigate mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. However, these cells grow as monolayer cultures that lack heterogeneity and do not effectively represent tumor biology. Developing patient-derived xenografts and genetically engineered mouse models led to increased cellular heterogeneity, molecular diversity, and tissues that histologically represent the original patient tumors. However, these models are relatively expensive and very timing consuming. More recently, the advancement of fast and inexpensive in vitro models that better mimic disease conditions in vivo are on the rise. Three-dimensional cultures like organoids and spheroids have gained popularity and are considered to recapitulate complex disease characteristics. In addition, computational genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomic models are being developed to simulate pancreatic cancer progression and predict better treatment strategies. Herein, we review the challenges associated with pancreatic cancer research and available analytical models. We suggest that an integrated approach toward using these models may allow for developing new strategies for pancreatic cancer precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Salu
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
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Zhang Y, Li G, Wang J, Zhou F, Ren X, Su J. Small Joint Organoids 3D Bioprinting: Construction Strategy and Application. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2302506. [PMID: 37814373 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease that causes pain and disability in adults, affecting ≈300 million people worldwide. It is caused by damage to cartilage, including cellular inflammation and destruction of the extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to limited self-repairing ability due to the lack of blood vessels and nerves in the cartilage tissue. Organoid technology has emerged as a promising approach for cartilage repair, but constructing joint organoids with their complex structures and special mechanisms is still challenging. To overcome these boundaries, 3D bioprinting technology allows for the precise design of physiologically relevant joint organoids, including shape, structure, mechanical properties, cellular arrangement, and biological cues to mimic natural joint tissue. In this review, the authors will introduce the biological structure of joint tissues, summarize key procedures in 3D bioprinting for cartilage repair, and propose strategies for constructing joint organoids using 3D bioprinting. The authors also discuss the challenges of using joint organoids' approaches and perspectives on their future applications, opening opportunities to model joint tissues and response to joint disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Guangfeng Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200941, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Fengjin Zhou
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Ren
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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Flood P, Hanrahan N, Nally K, Melgar S. Human intestinal organoids: Modeling gastrointestinal physiology and immunopathology - current applications and limitations. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2250248. [PMID: 37957831 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Human intestinal organoids are an ideal model system for studying gastrointestinal physiology and immunopathology. Altered physiology and mucosal immune response are hallmarks of numerous intestinal functional and inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), coeliac disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and obesity. These conditions impact the normal epithelial functions of the intestine, such as absorption, barrier function, secretion, and host-microbiome communication. They are accompanied by characteristic intestinal symptoms and have significant societal, economic, and healthcare burdens. To develop new treatment options, cutting-edge research is required to investigate their etiology and pathology. Human intestinal organoids derived from patient tissue recapitulate the key physiological and immunopathological aspects of these conditions, providing a promising platform for elucidating disease mechanisms. This review will summarize recent reports on patient-derived human small intestinal and colonic organoids and highlight how these models have been used to study intestinal epithelial functions in the context of inflammation, altered physiology, and immune response. Furthermore, it will elaborate on the various organoid systems in use and the techniques/assays currently available to study epithelial functions. Finally, it will conclude by discussing the limitations and future perspectives of organoid technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Flood
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Naomi Hanrahan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ken Nally
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Silvia Melgar
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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50
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Heredero Berzal A, Wagstaff EL, ten Asbroek ALMA, ten Brink JB, Bergen AA, Boon CJF. The Analysis of Embryoid Body Formation and Its Role in Retinal Organoid Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1444. [PMID: 38338722 PMCID: PMC10855324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Within the last decade, a wide variety of protocols have emerged for the generation of retinal organoids. A subset of studies have compared protocols based on stem cell source, the physical features of the microenvironment, and both internal and external signals, all features that influence embryoid body and retinal organoid formation. Most of these comparisons have focused on the effect of signaling pathways on retinal organoid development. In this study, our aim is to understand whether starting cell conditions, specifically those involved in embryoid body formation, affect the development of retinal organoids in terms of differentiation capacity and reproducibility. To investigate this, we used the popular 3D floating culture method to generate retinal organoids from stem cells. This method starts with either small clumps of stem cells generated from larger clones (clumps protocol, CP) or with an aggregation of single cells (single cells protocol, SCP). Using histological analysis and gene-expression comparison, we found a retention of the pluripotency capacity on embryoid bodies generated through the SCP compared to the CP. Nonetheless, these early developmental differences seem not to impact the final retinal organoid formation, suggesting a potential compensatory mechanism during the neurosphere stage. This study not only facilitates an in-depth exploration of embryoid body development but also provides valuable insights for the selection of the most suitable protocol in order to study retinal development and to model inherited retinal disorders in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Heredero Berzal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.L.W.); (A.L.M.A.t.A.); (J.B.t.B.)
| | - Ellie L. Wagstaff
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.L.W.); (A.L.M.A.t.A.); (J.B.t.B.)
| | - Anneloor L. M. A. ten Asbroek
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.L.W.); (A.L.M.A.t.A.); (J.B.t.B.)
| | - Jacoline B. ten Brink
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.L.W.); (A.L.M.A.t.A.); (J.B.t.B.)
| | - Arthur A. Bergen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.L.W.); (A.L.M.A.t.A.); (J.B.t.B.)
- Emma Center for Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Camiel J. F. Boon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden University, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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