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Griñán-Ferré C, Bellver-Sanchis A, Guerrero A, Pallàs M. Advancing personalized medicine in neurodegenerative diseases: The role of epigenetics and pharmacoepigenomics in pharmacotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107247. [PMID: 38834164 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
About 80 % of brain disorders have a genetic basis. The pathogenesis of most neurodegenerative diseases is associated with a myriad of genetic defects, epigenetic alterations (DNA methylation, histone/chromatin remodeling, miRNA dysregulation), and environmental factors. The emergence of new sequencing technologies and tools to study the epigenome has led to identifying predictive biomarkers for earlier diagnosis, opening up the possibility of prophylactical interventions. As a result, advances in pharmacogenetics and pharmacoepigenomics now allow for personalized treatments based on the profile of each patient and the specific genetic and epigenetic mechanisms involved. This Review highlights the complexity of neurodegenerative diseases and the variability in patient responses to pharmacotherapy, emphasizing the influence of genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs used to treat those conditions. We specifically discuss the potential modulatory effect of several genetic polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of developing different neurodegenerative diseases. We explore genetic and genomic technologies and the potential of analyzing individual-specific drug metabolism to predict and influence drug response and associated clinical outcomes. We also provide insights into the mechanism of action of the drugs under investigation and their potential impact on disease-modifying pathways. Finally, the Review underscores the great potential of this field to enhance the effectiveness and safety of drug treatments through personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aina Bellver-Sanchis
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Ana Guerrero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Qin X, Li H, Zhao H, Fang L, Wang X. Enhancing healthy aging with small molecules: A mitochondrial perspective. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1904-1922. [PMID: 38483176 DOI: 10.1002/med.22034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of enhanced health during aging has prompted the exploration of various strategies focused on reducing the decline associated with the aging process. A key area of this exploration is the management of mitochondrial dysfunction, a notable characteristic of aging. This review sheds light on the crucial role that small molecules play in augmenting healthy aging, particularly through influencing mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrial oxidative damage, a significant aspect of aging, can potentially be lessened through interventions such as coenzyme Q10, alpha-lipoic acid, and a variety of antioxidants. Additionally, this review discusses approaches for enhancing mitochondrial proteostasis, emphasizing the importance of mitochondrial unfolded protein response inducers like doxycycline, and agents that affect mitophagy, such as urolithin A, spermidine, trehalose, and taurine, which are vital for sustaining protein quality control. Of equal importance are methods for modulating mitochondrial energy production, which involve nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide boosters, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase activators, and compounds like metformin and mitochondria-targeted tamoxifen that enhance metabolic function. Furthermore, the review delves into emerging strategies that encourage mitochondrial biogenesis. Together, these interventions present a promising avenue for addressing age-related mitochondrial degradation, thereby setting the stage for the development of innovative treatment approaches to meet this extensive challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujiao Qin
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Le Fang
- Department of Neurology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Wang Y, Ruan L, Zhu J, Zhang X, Chang ACC, Tomaszewski A, Li R. Metabolic regulation of misfolded protein import into mitochondria. eLife 2024; 12:RP87518. [PMID: 38900507 PMCID: PMC11189628 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the cellular energy hub and central target of metabolic regulation. Mitochondria also facilitate proteostasis through pathways such as the 'mitochondria as guardian in cytosol' (MAGIC) whereby cytosolic misfolded proteins (MPs) are imported into and degraded inside mitochondria. In this study, a genome-wide screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae uncovered that Snf1, the yeast AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibits the import of MPs into mitochondria while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis under glucose starvation. We show that this inhibition requires a downstream transcription factor regulating mitochondrial gene expression and is likely to be conferred through substrate competition and mitochondrial import channel selectivity. We further show that Snf1/AMPK activation protects mitochondrial fitness in yeast and human cells under stress induced by MPs such as those associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wang
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology (BCMB) Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Linhao Ruan
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Jin Zhu
- Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Xi Zhang
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Alexander Chih-Chieh Chang
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Alexis Tomaszewski
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology (BCMB) Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Cell Dynamics and Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
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4
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Babygirija R, Sonsalla MM, Mill J, James I, Han JH, Green CL, Calubag MF, Wade G, Tobon A, Michael J, Trautman MM, Matoska R, Yeh CY, Grunow I, Pak HH, Rigby MJ, Baldwin DA, Niemi NM, Denu JM, Puglielli L, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Protein restriction slows the development and progression of pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5217. [PMID: 38890307 PMCID: PMC11189507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary protein is a critical regulator of metabolic health and aging. Low protein diets are associated with healthy aging in humans, and dietary protein restriction extends the lifespan and healthspan of mice. In this study, we examined the effect of protein restriction (PR) on metabolic health and the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. Here, we show that PR promotes leanness and glycemic control in 3xTg mice, specifically rescuing the glucose intolerance of 3xTg females. PR induces sex-specific alterations in circulating and brain metabolites, downregulating sphingolipid subclasses in 3xTg females. PR also reduces AD pathology and mTORC1 activity, increases autophagy, and improves the cognition of 3xTg mice. Finally, PR improves the survival of 3xTg mice. Our results suggest that PR or pharmaceutical interventions that mimic the effects of this diet may hold promise as a treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Isabella James
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jessica H Han
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mariah F Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gina Wade
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Anna Tobon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John Michael
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michaela M Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Matoska
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isaac Grunow
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael J Rigby
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dominique A Baldwin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Natalie M Niemi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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5
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Cornwell AB, Zhang Y, Thondamal M, Johnson DW, Thakar J, Samuelson AV. The C. elegans Myc-family of transcription factors coordinate a dynamic adaptive response to dietary restriction. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01197-x. [PMID: 38878153 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR), the process of decreasing overall food consumption over an extended period of time, has been shown to increase longevity across evolutionarily diverse species and delay the onset of age-associated diseases in humans. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the Myc-family transcription factors (TFs) MXL-2 (Mlx) and MML-1 (MondoA/ChREBP), which function as obligate heterodimers, and PHA-4 (orthologous to FOXA) are both necessary for the full physiological benefits of DR. However, the adaptive transcriptional response to DR and the role of MML-1::MXL-2 and PHA-4 remains elusive. We identified the transcriptional signature of C. elegans DR, using the eat-2 genetic model, and demonstrate broad changes in metabolic gene expression in eat-2 DR animals, which requires both mxl-2 and pha-4. While the requirement for these factors in DR gene expression overlaps, we found many of the DR genes exhibit an opposing change in relative gene expression in eat-2;mxl-2 animals compared to wild-type, which was not observed in eat-2 animals with pha-4 loss. Surprisingly, we discovered more than 2000 genes synthetically dysregulated in eat-2;mxl-2, out of which the promoters of down-regulated genes were substantially enriched for PQM-1 and ELT-1/3 GATA TF binding motifs. We further show functional deficiencies of the mxl-2 loss in DR outside of lifespan, as eat-2;mxl-2 animals exhibit substantially smaller brood sizes and lay a proportion of dead eggs, indicating that MML-1::MXL-2 has a role in maintaining the balance between resource allocation to the soma and to reproduction under conditions of chronic food scarcity. While eat-2 animals do not show a significantly different metabolic rate compared to wild-type, we also find that loss of mxl-2 in DR does not affect the rate of oxygen consumption in young animals. The gene expression signature of eat-2 mutant animals is consistent with optimization of energy utilization and resource allocation, rather than induction of canonical gene expression changes associated with acute metabolic stress, such as induction of autophagy after TORC1 inhibition. Consistently, eat-2 animals are not substantially resistant to stress, providing further support to the idea that chronic DR may benefit healthspan and lifespan through efficient use of limited resources rather than broad upregulation of stress responses, and also indicates that MML-1::MXL-2 and PHA-4 may have distinct roles in promotion of benefits in response to different pro-longevity stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Cornwell
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Manjunatha Thondamal
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- MURTI Centre and Department of Biotechnology, School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - David W Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Math and Science, Genesee Community College, One College Rd, Batavia, NY, 14020, USA
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Andrew V Samuelson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Alcaráz N, Salcedo-Tello P, González-Barrios R, Torres-Arciga K, Guzmán-Ramos K. Underlying Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Age-Related Diseases. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103014. [PMID: 38861840 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The rise in life expectancy has significantly increased the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases, leading to escalating expenses for both society and individuals. Among the main factors influencing health and lifespan, lifestyle takes a forefront position. Specifically, nutrition, mental activity, and physical exercise influence the molecular and functional mechanisms that contribute to the prevention of major age-related diseases. Gaining deeper insights into the mechanisms that drive the positive effects of healthy lifestyles is valuable for creating interventions to prevent or postpone the development of chronic degenerative diseases. This review summarizes the main mechanisms that underlie the positive effect of lifestyle factors in counteracting the major age-related diseases involving brain health, musculoskeletal function, cancer, frailty, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. This knowledge will help to identify high-risk populations for targeted intervention trials and discover new biomarkers associated with healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Alcaráz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pamela Salcedo-Tello
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo González-Barrios
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Laboratorio de regulación de la cromatina y genómica, Mexico City, México
| | - Karla Torres-Arciga
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Laboratorio de regulación de la cromatina y genómica, Mexico City, México; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kioko Guzmán-Ramos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Mexico State, Mexico.
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7
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Ortega-Molina A, Lebrero-Fernández C, Sanz A, Calvo-Rubio M, Deleyto-Seldas N, de Prado-Rivas L, Plata-Gómez AB, Fernández-Florido E, González-García P, Vivas-García Y, Sánchez García E, Graña-Castro O, Price NL, Aroca-Crevillén A, Caleiras E, Monleón D, Borrás C, Casanova-Acebes M, de Cabo R, Efeyan A. A mild increase in nutrient signaling to mTORC1 in mice leads to parenchymal damage, myeloid inflammation and shortened lifespan. NATURE AGING 2024:10.1038/s43587-024-00635-x. [PMID: 38849535 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00635-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 controls cellular anabolism in response to growth factor signaling and to nutrient sufficiency signaled through the Rag GTPases. Inhibition of mTOR reproducibly extends longevity across eukaryotes. Here we report that mice that endogenously express active mutant variants of RagC exhibit multiple features of parenchymal damage that include senescence, expression of inflammatory molecules, increased myeloid inflammation with extensive features of inflammaging and a ~30% reduction in lifespan. Through bone marrow transplantation experiments, we show that myeloid cells are abnormally activated by signals emanating from dysfunctional RagC-mutant parenchyma, causing neutrophil extravasation that inflicts additional inflammatory damage. Therapeutic suppression of myeloid inflammation in aged RagC-mutant mice attenuates parenchymal damage and extends survival. Together, our findings link mildly increased nutrient signaling to limited lifespan in mammals, and support a two-component process of parenchymal damage and myeloid inflammation that together precipitate a time-dependent organ deterioration that limits longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ortega-Molina
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
- Metabolism in cancer and aging Laboratory, Immune System Development And Function Department, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Lebrero-Fernández
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolism in cancer and aging Laboratory, Immune System Development And Function Department, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Sanz
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Calvo-Rubio
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nerea Deleyto-Seldas
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía de Prado-Rivas
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Plata-Gómez
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Florido
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yurena Vivas-García
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez García
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Graña-Castro
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA-Nemesio Díez), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nathan L Price
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alejandra Aroca-Crevillén
- Cardiovascular Regeneration Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Caleiras
- Histopathology Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Monleón
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), MiniAging Research Group, Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Casanova-Acebes
- Cancer Immunity Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alejo Efeyan
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Zhang TR, Chiang CH, Hsu TC, Wang CY, Chen CY. Age and dietary restriction modulate mitochondrial quality in quadriceps femoris muscle of male mice. Biogerontology 2024; 25:447-459. [PMID: 38183523 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is a potential intervention for ameliorating ageing-related damages. Mitochondrial quality control is the key mechanism for regulating cellular functions in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to explore the effect of age and DR on the homeostasis of mitochondrial quality control in skeletal muscle. To study the effect of age on mitochondrial homeostasis, young (3 months old) male C57BL/6J mice were fed ad libitum (AL) until 7 (Young), 14 (Middle), and 19 months (Aged) of age. For the DR intervention, 60% of AL intake was given to the mice at 3 months of age until they reached 19 months of age (16 months). The quadriceps femoris muscle was collected for further analysis. Significant changes in the skeletal muscle were noticed during the transition between middle age and the elderly stages. An accumulation of collagen was observed in the muscle after middle age. Compared with the Middle muscle, Aged muscle displayed a greater expression of VDAC, and lower expressions of mitochondrial dynamic proteins and OXPHOS proteins. The DR intervention attenuated collagen content and elongated the sarcomere length in the skeletal muscle during ageing. In addition, DR adjusted the abnormalities in mitochondrial morphology in the Aged muscle. DR downregulated VDAC expression, but upregulated OPA1 and DRP1 expressions. Taken together, greater pathological changes were noticed in the skeletal muscle during ageing, especially in the transition between middle age and the elderly, whereas early-onset DR attenuated the muscular ageing via normalising partial functions of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Rui Zhang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yun Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan.
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9
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Govindhan T, Amirthalingam M, Govindan S, Duraisamy K, Cho JH, Tawata S, Periyakali SB, Palanisamy S. Diosgenin intervention: targeting lipophagy to counter high glucose diet-induced lipid accumulation and lifespan reduction. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:171. [PMID: 38828099 PMCID: PMC11143156 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Diosgenin (DG), a well-known steroidal sapogenin, is abundantly found in the plants of the Dioscoreaceae family and exhibits diverse pharmacological properties. In our previous study, we demonstrated that DG supplementation protected Caenorhabditis elegans from high glucose-induced lipid deposition, oxidative damage, and lifespan reduction. Nevertheless, the precise biological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of DG have not yet been described. In this context, the present study aims to elucidate how DG reduces molecular and cellular declines induced by high glucose, using the powerful genetics of the C. elegans model. Treatment with DG significantly (p < 0.01) prevented fat accumulation and extended lifespan under high-glucose conditions without affecting physiological functions. DG-induced lifespan extension was found to rely on longevity genes daf-2, daf-16, skn-1, glp-1, eat-2, let-363, and pha-4. Specifically, DG regulates lipophagy, the autophagy-mediated degradation of lipid droplets, in C. elegans, thereby inhibiting fat accumulation. Furthermore, DG treatment did not alter the triglyceride levels in the fat-6 and fat-7 single mutants and fat-6;fat-7 double mutants, indicating the significant role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase genes in mediating the reduction of fat deposition by DG. Our results provide new insight into the fat-reducing mechanisms of DG, which might develop into a multitarget drug for preventing obesity and associated health complications; however, preclinical studies are required to investigate the effect of DG on higher models. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04017-3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohankumar Amirthalingam
- PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara-Cho, Okinawa, 903-0213 Japan
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112 USA
| | - Shanmugam Govindan
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046 India
| | - Kalaiselvi Duraisamy
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Cho
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Shinkichi Tawata
- PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara-Cho, Okinawa, 903-0213 Japan
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10
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McLean S, Lee M, Liu W, Hameed R, Gujjala VA, Zhou X, Kaeberlein M, Kaya A. Molecular Mechanisms of Genotype-Dependent Lifespan Variation Mediated by Caloric Restriction: Insight from Wild Yeast Isolates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.17.585422. [PMID: 38559208 PMCID: PMC10979966 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.17.585422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is known to extend lifespan across different species and holds great promise for preventing human age-onset pathologies. However, two major challenges exist. First, despite extensive research, the mechanisms of lifespan extension in response to CR remain elusive. Second, genetic differences causing variations in response to CR and genetic factors contributing to variability of CR response on lifespan are largely unknown. Here, we took advantage of natural genetic variation across 46 diploid wild yeast isolates of Saccharomyces species and the lifespan variation under CR conditions to uncover the molecular factors associated with CR response types. We identified genes and metabolic pathways differentially regulated in CR-responsive versus non-responsive strains. Our analysis revealed that altered mitochondrial function and activation of GCN4-mediated environmental stress response are inevitably linked to lifespan variation in response to CR and a unique mitochondrial metabolite might be utilized as a predictive marker for CR response rate. In sum, our data suggests that the effects of CR on longevity may not be universal, even among the closely related species or strains of a single species. Since mitochondrial-mediated signaling pathways are evolutionarily conserved, the dissection of related genetic pathways will be relevant to understanding the mechanism by which CR elicits its longevity effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha McLean
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | - Mitchell Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Ora Biomedical, Seattle, WA, 98168, USA
| | - Weiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
| | - Rohil Hameed
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | - Vikas Anil Gujjala
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | - Xuming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Optispan, Seattle, WA, 98168, USA
| | - Alaattin Kaya
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
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11
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Suomalainen A, Nunnari J. Mitochondria at the crossroads of health and disease. Cell 2024; 187:2601-2627. [PMID: 38788685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria reside at the crossroads of catabolic and anabolic metabolism-the essence of life. How their structure and function are dynamically tuned in response to tissue-specific needs for energy, growth repair, and renewal is being increasingly understood. Mitochondria respond to intrinsic and extrinsic stresses and can alter cell and organismal function by inducing metabolic signaling within cells and to distal cells and tissues. Here, we review how the centrality of mitochondrial functions manifests in health and a broad spectrum of diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Suomalainen
- University of Helsinki, Stem Cells and Metabolism Program, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland; HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jodi Nunnari
- Altos Labs, Bay Area Institute, Redwood Shores, CA, USA.
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12
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Zheng HY, Wang L, Zhang R, Ding R, Yang CX, Du ZQ. Valine induces inflammation and enhanced adipogenesis in lean mice by multi-omics analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1379390. [PMID: 38803448 PMCID: PMC11128663 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1379390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential to mammalian growth and development but aberrantly elevated in obesity and diabetes. Each BCAA has an independent and specific physio-biochemical effect on the host. However, the exact molecular mechanism of the detrimental effect of valine on metabolic health remains largely unknown. Methods and results This study showed that for lean mice treated with valine, the hepatic lipid metabolism and adipogenesis were enhanced, and the villus height and crypt depth of the ileum were significantly increased. Transcriptome profiling on white and brown adipose tissues revealed that valine disturbed multiple signaling pathways (e.g., inflammation and fatty acid metabolism). Integrative cecal metagenome and metabolome analyses found that abundances of Bacteroidetes decreased, but Proteobacteria and Helicobacter increased, respectively; and 87 differential metabolites were enriched in several molecular pathways (e.g., inflammation and lipid and bile acid metabolism). Furthermore, abundances of two metabolites (stercobilin and 3-IAA), proteins (AMPK/pAMPK and SCD1), and inflammation and adipogenesis-related genes were validated. Discussion Valine treatment affects the intestinal microbiota and metabolite compositions, induces gut inflammation, and aggravates hepatic lipid deposition and adipogenesis. Our findings provide novel insights into and resources for further exploring the molecular mechanism and biological function of valine on lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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13
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Rogina B, Tissenbaum HA. SIRT1, resveratrol and aging. Front Genet 2024; 15:1393181. [PMID: 38784035 PMCID: PMC11112063 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1393181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is linked to a time-associated decline in both cellular function and repair capacity leading to malfunction on an organismal level, increased frailty, higher incidence of diseases, and death. As the population grows older, there is a need to reveal mechanisms associated with aging that could spearhead treatments to postpone the onset of age-associated decline, extend both healthspan and lifespan. One possibility is targeting the sirtuin SIRT1, the founding member of the sirtuin family, a highly conserved family of histone deacetylases that have been linked to metabolism, stress response, protein synthesis, genomic instability, neurodegeneration, DNA damage repair, and inflammation. Importantly, sirtuins have also been implicated to promote health and lifespan extension, while their dysregulation has been linked to cancer, neurological processes, and heart disorders. SIRT1 is one of seven members of sirtuin family; each requiring nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as co-substrate for their catalytic activity. Overexpression of yeast, worm, fly, and mice SIRT1 homologs extend lifespan in each animal, respectively. Moreover, lifespan extension due to calorie restriction are associated with increased sirtuin activity. These findings led to the search for a calorie restriction mimetic, which revealed the compound resveratrol; (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) belonging to the stilbenoids group of polyphenols. Following this finding, resveratrol and other sirtuin-activating compounds have been extensively studied for their ability to affect health and lifespan in a variety of species, including humans via clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Rogina
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
- Institute for Systems Genomics, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Heidi A. Tissenbaum
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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14
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Mishra M, Wu J, Kane AE, Howlett SE. The intersection of frailty and metabolism. Cell Metab 2024; 36:893-911. [PMID: 38614092 PMCID: PMC11123589 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
On average, aging is associated with unfavorable changes in cellular metabolism, which are the processes involved in the storage and expenditure of energy. However, metabolic dysregulation may not occur to the same extent in all older individuals as people age at different rates. Those who are aging rapidly are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes and are said to be "frail." Here, we explore the links between frailty and metabolism, including metabolic contributors and consequences of frailty. We examine how metabolic diseases may modify the degree of frailty in old age and suggest that frailty may predispose toward metabolic disease. Metabolic interventions that can mitigate the degree of frailty in people are reviewed. New treatment strategies developed in animal models that are poised for translation to humans are also considered. We suggest that maintaining a youthful metabolism into older age may be protective against frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Judy Wu
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alice E Kane
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susan E Howlett
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Medicine (Geriatric Medicine), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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15
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Stubbs BJ, Stephens EB, Senadheera C, Peralta S, Roa-Diaz S, Alexander L, Silverman-Martin W, Garcia TY, Yukawa M, Morris J, Blonquist TM, Johnson JB, Newman JC. Daily consumption of ketone ester, bis-octanoyl (R)-1,3-butanediol, is safe and tolerable in healthy older adults, a randomized, parallel arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.03.24306699. [PMID: 38746215 PMCID: PMC11092707 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.24306699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Ketone bodies are endogenous metabolites produced during fasting or a ketogenic diet that have pleiotropic effects on aging pathways. Ketone esters (KEs) are compounds that induce ketosis without dietary changes, but KEs have not been studied in an older adult population. The primary objective of this trial was to determine tolerability and safety of KE ingestion in older adults. Design Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel-arm trial, with a 12-week intervention period ( NCT05585762 ). Setting General community, Northern California, USA. Participants Community-dwelling older adults, independent in activities of daily living, with no unstable acute medical conditions (n=30) were randomized and n=23 (M= 14, F=9) completed the protocol. Intervention Participants were randomly allocated to consume either KE (bis-octanoyl (R)-1,3-butanediol) or a taste, appearance, and calorie-matched placebo (PLA) containing canola oil. Measurements Tolerability was assessed using a composite score from a daily log for 2-weeks, and then via a bi-weekly phone interview. Safety was assessed by vital signs and lab tests at screening and weeks 0, 4 and 12, along with tabulation of adverse events. Results There was no difference in the prespecified primary outcome of proportion of participants reporting moderate or severe nausea, headache, or dizziness on more than one day in a two-week reporting period (KE n =2 (14.3% [90% CI = 2.6 - 38.5]); PLA n=1 (7.1% [90% CI = 0.4 - 29.7]). Dropouts numbered four in the PLA group and two in the KE group. A greater number of symptoms were reported in both groups during the first two weeks; symptoms were reported less frequently between 2 - 12 weeks. There were no clinically relevant changes in safety labs or vital signs in either group. Conclusions This KE was safe and well-tolerated in healthy older adults. These results provide a foundation for use of KEs in aging research. Highlights Ketones esters induce ketosis without dietary changes and may target aging biologyStudies of ketone esters were limited in duration and focused on younger adultsWe found ketone esters were safe and tolerable for 12 weeks in healthy older adults.
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16
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Pilley SE, Awad D, Latumalea D, Esparza E, Zhang L, Shi X, Unfried M, Wang S, Mulondo R, Kashyap SB, Moaddeli D, Sajjakulnukit P, Sutton D, Wong H, Coakley AJ, Garcia G, Higuchi-Sanabria R, Liu S, Yu B, Tu WB, Kennedy BK, Lyssiotis CA, Mullen PJ. A metabolic atlas of mouse aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.04.592445. [PMID: 38746230 PMCID: PMC11092783 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.04.592445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Humans are living longer, but this is accompanied by an increased incidence of age-related chronic diseases. Many of these diseases are influenced by age-associated metabolic dysregulation, but how metabolism changes in multiple organs during aging in males and females is not known. Answering this could reveal new mechanisms of aging and age-targeted therapeutics. In this study, we describe how metabolism changes in 12 organs in male and female mice at 5 different ages. Organs show distinct patterns of metabolic aging that are affected by sex differently. Hydroxyproline shows the most consistent change across the dataset, decreasing with age in 11 out of 12 organs investigated. We also developed a metabolic aging clock that predicts biological age and identified alpha-ketoglutarate, previously shown to extend lifespan in mice, as a key predictor of age. Our results reveal fundamental insights into the aging process and identify new therapeutic targets to maintain organ health.
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17
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Li S, Zou T, Chen J, Li J, You J. Fibroblast growth factor 21: An emerging pleiotropic regulator of lipid metabolism and the metabolic network. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101064. [PMID: 38292170 PMCID: PMC10825286 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was originally identified as an important metabolic regulator which plays a crucial physiological role in regulating a variety of metabolic parameters through the metabolic network. As a novel multifunctional endocrine growth factor, the role of FGF21 in the metabolic network warrants extensive exploration. This insight was obtained from the observation that the FGF21-dependent mechanism that regulates lipid metabolism, glycogen transformation, and biological effectiveness occurs through the coordinated participation of the liver, adipose tissue, central nervous system, and sympathetic nerves. This review focuses on the role of FGF21-uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) signaling in lipid metabolism and how FGF21 alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Additionally, this review reveals the mechanism by which FGF21 governs glucolipid metabolism. Recent research on the role of FGF21 in the metabolic network has mostly focused on the crucial pathway of glucolipid metabolism. FGF21 has been shown to have multiple regulatory roles in the metabolic network. Since an adequate understanding of the concrete regulatory pathways of FGF21 in the metabolic network has not been attained, this review sheds new light on the metabolic mechanisms of FGF21, explores how FGF21 engages different tissues and organs, and lays a theoretical foundation for future in-depth research on FGF21-targeted treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Jinming You
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
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18
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Sabag A, Ahmadi MN, Francois ME, Postnova S, Cistulli PA, Fontana L, Stamatakis E. Timing of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity, Mortality, Cardiovascular Disease, and Microvascular Disease in Adults With Obesity. Diabetes Care 2024; 47:890-897. [PMID: 38592034 PMCID: PMC11043226 DOI: 10.2337/dc23-2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between timing of aerobic moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), microvascular disease (MVD), and all-cause mortality in adults with obesity and a subset with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants included adults with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and a subset of those with T2D from the UK Biobank accelerometry substudy. Aerobic MVPA was defined as bouts of MVPA lasting ≥3 continuous minutes. Participants were categorized into morning, afternoon, or evening MVPA based on when they undertook the majority of their aerobic MVPA. The reference group included participants with an average of less than one aerobic MVPA bout per day. Analyses were adjusted for established and potential confounders. RESULTS The core sample included 29,836 adults with obesity, with a mean age of 62.2 (SD 7.7) years. Over a mean follow-up period of 7.9 (SD 0.8) years, 1,425 deaths, 3,980 CVD events, and 2,162 MVD events occurred. Compared with activity in the reference group, evening MVPA was associated with the lowest risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.39; 95% CI 0.27, 0.55), whereas afternoon (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.51, 0.71) and morning MVPA (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.56, 0.79) demonstrated significant but weaker associations. Similar patterns were observed for CVD and MVD incidence, with evening MVPA associated with the lowest risk of CVD (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.54, 0.75) and MVD (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.63, 0.92). Findings were similar in the T2D subset (n = 2,995). CONCLUSIONS Aerobic MVPA bouts undertaken in the evening were associated with the lowest risk of mortality, CVD, and MVD. Timing of physical activity may play a role in the future of obesity and T2D management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Sabag
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew N. Ahmadi
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub @ Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Monique E. Francois
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Svetlana Postnova
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter A. Cistulli
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub @ Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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19
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Nguyen TT, Corvera S. Adipose tissue as a linchpin of organismal ageing. Nat Metab 2024; 6:793-807. [PMID: 38783156 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is a conserved biological process, modulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, that leads to changes in life expectancy. In humans, ageing is characterized by greatly increased prevalence of cardiometabolic disease, type 2 diabetes and disorders associated with impaired immune surveillance. Adipose tissue displays species-conserved, temporal changes with ageing, including redistribution from peripheral to central depots, loss of thermogenic capacity and expansion within the bone marrow. Adipose tissue is localized to discrete depots, and also diffusely distributed within multiple organs and tissues in direct proximity to specialized cells. Thus, through their potent endocrine properties, adipocytes are capable of modulating tissue and organ function throughout the body. In addition to adipocytes, multipotent progenitor/stem cells in adipose tissue play a crucial role in maintenance and repair of tissues throughout the lifetime. Adipose tissue may therefore be a central driver for organismal ageing and age-associated diseases. Here we review the features of adipose tissue during ageing, and discuss potential mechanisms by which these changes affect whole-body metabolism, immunity and longevity. We also explore the potential of adipose tissue-targeted therapies to ameliorate age-associated disease burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy T Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Silvia Corvera
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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20
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Lim GM, Maharajan N, Cho GW. How calorie restriction slows aging: an epigenetic perspective. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:629-640. [PMID: 38456926 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Genomic instability and epigenetic alterations are some of the prominent factors affecting aging. Age-related heterochromatin loss and decreased whole-genome DNA methylation are associated with abnormal gene expression, leading to diseases and genomic instability. Modulation of these epigenetic changes is crucial for preserving genomic integrity and controlling cellular identity is important for slowing the aging process. Numerous studies have shown that caloric restriction is the gold standard for promoting longevity and healthy aging in various species ranging from rodents to primates. It can be inferred that delaying of aging through the main effector such as calorie restriction is involved in cellular identity and epigenetic modification. Thus, an understanding of aging through calorie restriction may seek a more in-depth understanding. In this review, we discuss how caloric restriction promotes longevity and healthy aging through genomic stability and epigenetic alterations. We have also highlighted how the effectors of caloric restriction are involved in modulating the chromatin-based barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Min Lim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Education Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Nagarajan Maharajan
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gwang-Won Cho
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 FOUR Education Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- The Basic Science Institute of Chosun University, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Li T, Yang K, Gao W, Peng F, Zou X. Cellular senescence in acute kidney injury: Target and opportunity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 706:149744. [PMID: 38479244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical disease with a high incidence and mortality rate. It typically arises from hemodynamic alterations, sepsis, contrast agents, and toxic drugs, instigating a series of events that culminate in tissue and renal damage. This sequence of processes often leads to acute renal impairment, prompting the initiation of a repair response. Cellular senescence is an irreversible arrest of the cell cycle. Studies have shown that renal cellular senescence is closely associated with AKI through several mechanisms, including the promotion of oxidative stress and inflammatory response, telomere shortening, and the down-regulation of klotho expression. Exploring the role of cellular senescence in AKI provides innovative therapeutic ideas for both the prevention and treatment of AKI. Furthermore, it has been observed that targeted removal of senescent cells in vivo can efficiently postpone senescence, resulting in an enhanced prognosis for diseases associated with senescence. This article explores the effects of common anti-senescence drugs senolytics and senostatic and lifestyle interventions on renal diseases, and mentions the rapid development of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These studies have taken senescence-related research to a new level. Overall, this article comprehensively summarizes the studies on cellular senescence in AKI, aiming is to elucidate the relationship between cellular senescence and AKI, and explore treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Kexin Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Fujun Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xiangyu Zou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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22
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Rejeki PS, Pranoto A, Widiatmaja DM, Utami DM, Izzatunnisa N, Sugiharto, Lesmana R, Halim S. Combined Aerobic Exercise with Intermittent Fasting Is Effective for Reducing mTOR and Bcl-2 Levels in Obese Females. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:116. [PMID: 38786985 PMCID: PMC11126026 DOI: 10.3390/sports12050116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The integration of combined aerobic exercise and intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as a strategy for the prevention and management of obesity, including its associated health issues such as age-related metabolic diseases. This study aimed to examine the potential of combined aerobic exercise and IF as a preventative strategy against cellular senescence by targeting mTOR and Bcl-2 levels in obese females. A total of 30 obese women, aged 23.56 ± 1.83 years, body fat percentage (FAT) 45.21 ± 3.73% (very high category), BMI 30.09 ± 3.74 kg/m2 were recruited and participated in three different types of interventions: intermittent fasting (IF), exercise (EXG), and a combination of intermittent fasting and exercise (IFEXG). The intervention program was carried out 5x/week for 2 weeks. We examined mTOR and Bcl-2 levels using ELISA kits. Statistical analysis used the one-way ANOVA test and continued with Tukey's HSD post hoc test, with a significance level of 5%. The study results showed that a combination of aerobic exercise and IF significantly decreased mTOR levels (-1.26 ± 0.79 ng/mL) compared to the control group (-0.08 ± 1.33 ng/mL; p ≤ 0.05). However, combined aerobic exercise and IF did not affect Bcl-2 levels significantly (-0.07 ± 0.09 ng/mL) compared to the control group (0.01 ± 0.17 ng/mL, p ≥ 0.05). The IF-only group, exercise-only group, and combined group all showed a significant decrease in body weight and fat mass compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). However, the combined aerobic exercise and IF program had a significant effect in reducing the total percentage of body fat and fat mass compared to the IF-only group (p ≤ 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that the combined intermittent fasting and exercise group (IFEXG) undertook the most effective intervention of the three in terms of preventing cellular senescence, as demonstrated by decreases in the mTOR level, body weight, and fat mass. However, the IFEXG did not present reduced Bcl-2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purwo Sri Rejeki
- Physiology Division, Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Adi Pranoto
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, East Java, Indonesia;
| | - Deandra Maharani Widiatmaja
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, East Java, Indonesia; (D.M.W.); (D.M.U.); (N.I.)
| | - Dita Mega Utami
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, East Java, Indonesia; (D.M.W.); (D.M.U.); (N.I.)
| | - Nabilah Izzatunnisa
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, East Java, Indonesia; (D.M.W.); (D.M.U.); (N.I.)
| | - Sugiharto
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia;
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung 45363, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Shariff Halim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Technology MARA (UiTM) Pulau Pinang, Bertam Campus, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;
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23
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Babygirija R, Sonsalla MM, Mill J, James I, Han JH, Green CL, Calubag MF, Wade G, Tobon A, Michael J, Trautman MM, Matoska R, Yeh CY, Grunow I, Pak HH, Rigby MJ, Baldwin DA, Niemi NM, Denu JM, Puglielli L, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Protein restriction slows the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease in mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3342413. [PMID: 37790423 PMCID: PMC10543316 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3342413/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Dietary protein is a critical regulator of metabolic health and aging. Low protein diets are associated with healthy aging in humans, and many independent groups of researchers have shown that dietary protein restriction (PR) extends the lifespan and healthspan of mice. Here, we examined the effect of PR on metabolic health and the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. We found that PR has metabolic benefits for 3xTg mice and non-transgenic controls of both sexes, promoting leanness and glycemic control in 3xTg mice and rescuing the glucose intolerance of 3xTg females. We found that PR induces sex-specific alterations in circulating metabolites and in the brain metabolome and lipidome, downregulating sphingolipid subclasses including ceramides, glucosylceramides, and sphingomyelins in 3xTg females. Consumption of a PR diet starting at 6 months of age reduced AD pathology in conjunction with reduced mTORC1 activity, increased autophagy, and had cognitive benefits for 3xTg mice. Finally, PR improved the survival of 3xTg mice. Our results demonstrate that PR slows the progression of AD at molecular and pathological levels, preserves cognition in this mouse model of AD, and suggests that PR or pharmaceutical interventions that mimic the effects of this diet may hold promise as a treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Michelle M. Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Isabella James
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jessica H. Han
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Cara L. Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mariah F. Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Gina Wade
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Anna Tobon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John Michael
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michaela M. Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Matoska
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isaac Grunow
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Heidi H. Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael J. Rigby
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Dominique A. Baldwin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Natalie M. Niemi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M. Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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24
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Liu M, He L. Dietary cysteine and methionine promote peroxisome elevation and fat loss by induction of CG33474 expression in Drosophila adipose tissue. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:190. [PMID: 38649521 PMCID: PMC11035426 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The high-protein diet (HPD) has emerged as a potent dietary approach to curb obesity. Peroxisome, a highly malleable organelle, adapts to nutritional changes to maintain homeostasis by remodeling its structure, composition, and quantity. However, the impact of HPD on peroxisomes and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system, we discovered that HPD specifically increases peroxisome levels within the adipose tissues. This HPD-induced peroxisome elevation is attributed to cysteine and methionine by triggering the expression of CG33474, a fly homolog of mammalian PEX11G. Both the overexpression of Drosophila CG33474 and human PEX11G result in increased peroxisome size. In addition, cysteine and methionine diets both reduce lipid contents, a process that depends on the presence of CG33474. Furthermore, CG33474 stimulates the breakdown of neutral lipids in a cell-autonomous manner. Moreover, the expression of CG33474 triggered by cysteine and methionine requires TOR signaling. Finally, we found that CG33474 promotes inter-organelle contacts between peroxisomes and lipid droplets (LDs), which might be a potential mechanism for CG33474-induced fat loss. In summary, our findings demonstrate that CG33474/PEX11G may serve as an essential molecular bridge linking HPD to peroxisome dynamics and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Li He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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25
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Wang Q, Xu J, Luo M, Jiang Y, Gu Y, Wang Q, He J, Sun Y, Lin Y, Feng L, Chen S, Hou T. Fasting mimicking diet extends lifespan and improves intestinal and cognitive health. Food Funct 2024; 15:4503-4514. [PMID: 38567489 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00483c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Caloric restriction is an effective means of extending a healthy lifespan. Fasting mimicking diet (FMD) is a growing pattern of caloric restriction. We found that FMD significantly prolonged the lifespan of prematurely aging mice. In naturally aging mice, FMD improved cognitive and intestinal health. Through a series of behavioral experiments, we found that FMD relieved anxiety and enhanced cognition in aged mice. In the intestine, the FMD cycles enhanced the barrier function, reduced senescence markers, and maintained T cell naïve-memory balance in the lamina propria mucosa. To further explore the causes of immune alterations, we examined changes in the stool microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that FMD remodeled gut bacterial composition and significantly expanded the abundance of Lactobacillus johnsonii. Our research revealed that FMD has in-depth investigative value as an anti-aging intervention for extending longevity and improving cognition, intestinal function, and gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Jilei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Man Luo
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yanrou Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wenzhou No. 3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Jiamin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yifeng Lin
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Lijun Feng
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Tongyao Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
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26
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Wang H, Chen W, Lei L, Zhang W, Liu Z, Wang Y, Xu B. Queen bee gut microbiota extends honeybee lifespan by inhibiting insulin signaling. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0179923. [PMID: 38470148 PMCID: PMC11022582 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01799-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Queen and worker bees are natural models for aging research, as their lifespans vary considerably independent of genetic variation. Investigating the reasons why queens live longer than workers is of great significance for research on the universal processes of aging in animals. The gut microbiome has received attention as a vital regulator of host health, while its precise role in honeybee aging needs further investigation. The effects and mechanisms behind the relationship between gut microbiota and worker lifespan were measured by transplanting queen bee gut bacteria (QG) and worker bee gut bacteria (WG) into microbiota-free (MF) workers. The transplantation of QG to MF bees significantly extended the workers' lifespans compared with MF and WG bees. Untargeted metabolomics identified 49 lifespan-related differential metabolites, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of these revealed three lifespan-related metabolic pathways: insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling, immune, and ketone body metabolism pathways. Further verification showed that QG inhibited the expression of insulin-like peptides (ILPs), and the expression of ILPs was lower in natural queens than in natural workers. QG transplantation also stimulated the expression of antioxidant genes and lowered oxidative damage products in natural queen bees. However, gut microbiota transplantation failed to mimic the immune properties and ketone body metabolism profiles of natural queens and workers. Concisely, QG could increase the antioxidant capacity to extend lifespan by inhibiting insulin signaling. These findings may help determine the mechanisms behind queen longevity and provide further insights into the role of gut symbionts. IMPORTANCE Queen and worker bees share the same genetic background but have vastly different lifespans. The gut microbiome regulates host health, suggesting that differences in lifespan between queen and worker bees could be related to gut bacteria. Herein, we used an innovative method to transplant gut microbiota from adult queen or worker bees to microbiota-free bees. The transplantation of queen gut microbiota to microbiota-free bees extended their lifespan. Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling, a highly conserved metabolic pathway related to lifespan, displayed identical expression profiles in natural queen bees and microbiota-free bees transplanted with queen microbiota. This finding significantly expands our understanding of the relationships between intestinal bacteria, host health, and the biology of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Wenfeng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Li Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
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27
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Fontana L. From chronic disease to chronic health: the evolving role of doctors in the 21st century. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae173. [PMID: 38606857 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Fontana
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, John Hopkins Dr, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 50 Missenden Rd, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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28
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Reda GK, Ndunguru SF, Csernus B, Knop R, Lugata JK, Szabó C, Czeglédi L, Lendvai ÁZ. Dietary restriction reveals sex-specific expression of the mTOR pathway genes in Japanese quails. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8314. [PMID: 38594358 PMCID: PMC11004124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Limited resources affect an organism's physiology through the conserved metabolic pathway, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Males and females often react differently to nutritional limitation, but whether it leads to differential mTOR pathway expression remains unknown. Recently, we found that dietary restriction (DR) induced significant changes in the expression of mTOR pathway genes in female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). We simultaneously exposed 32 male and female Japanese quails to either 20%, 30%, 40% restriction or ad libitum feeding for 14 days and determined the expression of six key genes of the mTOR pathway in the liver to investigate sex differences in the expression patterns. We found that DR significantly reduced body mass, albeit the effect was milder in males compared to females. We observed sex-specific liver gene expression. DR downregulated mTOR expression more in females than in males. Under moderate DR, ATG9A and RPS6K1 expressions were increased more in males than in females. Like females, body mass in males was correlated positively with mTOR and IGF1, but negatively with ATG9A and RS6K1 expressions. Our findings highlight that sexes may cope with nutritional deficits differently and emphasise the importance of considering sexual differences in studies of dietary restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebrehaweria K Reda
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Sawadi F Ndunguru
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Csernus
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Renáta Knop
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - James K Lugata
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Szabó
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Levente Czeglédi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ádám Z Lendvai
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
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29
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Brandhorst S, Longo VD. Exploring juventology: unlocking the secrets of youthspan and longevity programs. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1379289. [PMID: 38638872 PMCID: PMC11024265 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1379289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the study of biological aging has evolved from simplistic theories like the free radical theory to more complex and nuanced perspectives. In particular, the identification of evolutionary conserved genes and signaling pathways that can modulate both lifespan but also healthspan has resulted in the expanding understanding of the link between nutrients, signal transduction proteins, and aging along with substantial support for the existence of multiple "longevity programs," which are activated based on the availability of nutrients. Periodic fasting and other dietary restrictions can promote entry into a longevity program characterized by cellular protection and optimized function, and the activation of regenerative processes that lead to rejuvenation. This review discusses the idea of juventology, a novel field proposing the existence of longevity programs that can maintain organisms in a highly functional state for extended periods of time. Drawing upon research on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other model organisms, the review explores the distinctiveness of juventology from traditional aging-centered views. The focus on the "age of youth" challenges conventional thinking and opens new avenues for understanding and extending the period of peak functionality in organisms. Thus, a "juventology"-based strategy can complement the traditional gerontology approach by focusing not on aging but on the longevity program affecting the life history period in which mortality is very low and organisms remain youthful, healthy, and fully functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brandhorst
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Longevity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Xue L, Sun J, Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhang K, Fan M, Qian H, Li Y, Wang L. Maternal Brown Rice Diet during Pregnancy Promotes Adipose Tissue Browning in Offspring via Reprogramming PKA Signaling and DNA Methylation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2300861. [PMID: 38566521 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Brown rice, the most consumed food worldwide, has been shown to possess beneficial effects on the prevention of metabolic diseases. However, the way in which maternal brown rice diet improves metabolism in offspring and the regulatory mechanisms remains unclear. The study explores the epigenetic regulation of offspring energy metabolic homeostasis by maternal brown rice diet during pregnancy. METHODS AND RESULTS Female mice are fed brown rice during pregnancy, and then body phenotypes, the histopathological analysis, and adipose tissues biochemistry assay of offspring mice are detected. It is found that maternal brown rice diet significantly reduces body weight and fat mass, increases energy expenditure and heat production in offspring. Maternal brown rice diet increases uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) protein level and upregulates the mRNA expression of thermogenic genes in adipose tissues. Mechanistically, protein kinase A (PKA) signaling is likely responsible in the induced thermogenic program in offspring adipocytes, and the progeny adipocytes browning program is altered due to decreased level of DNA methyltransferase 1 protein and hypomethylation of the transcriptional coregulator positive regulatory domain containing 16 (PRDM16). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that maternal brown rice during pregnancy improves offspring mice metabolic homeostasis via promoting adipose browning, and its mechanisms may be mediated by DNA methylation reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Kuiliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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31
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Cagigas ML, Twigg SM, Fontana L. Ten tips for promoting cardiometabolic health and slowing cardiovascular aging. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1094-1097. [PMID: 38206047 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Cagigas
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Hopkins Dr, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Stephen M Twigg
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Hopkins Dr, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 50 Missenden Rd, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Hopkins Dr, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 50 Missenden Rd, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia
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32
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Jeong M, Collins N. Nutritional modulation of antitumor immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2024; 87:102422. [PMID: 38728931 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The composition and quantity of food we eat have a drastic impact on the development and function of immune responses. In this review, we highlight defined nutritional interventions shown to enhance antitumor immunity, including ketogenic, low-protein, high-fructose, and high-fiber diets, as well as dietary restriction. We propose that incorporating such nutritional interventions into immunotherapy protocols has the potential to increase therapeutic responsiveness and long-term tumor control in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingeum Jeong
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Nicholas Collins
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Ma Y, Zhang W, Gao M, Li J, Wang Q, Chen M, Gu L. Combined analysis of temporal metabolomics and transcriptomics reveals the metabolic patterns in goat oocytes during maturation. Theriogenology 2024; 218:69-78. [PMID: 38301509 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Well-balanced and orderly metabolism is a crucial prerequisite for promoting oogenesis. Involvement of single metabolites in oocyte development has been widely reported; however, the comprehensive metabolic framework controlling oocyte maturation is still lacking. In the present study, we employed an integrated temporal metabolomic and transcriptomic method to analyze metabolism in goat oocytes at GV, GVBD, and MII stages (GV, fully-grown immature oocyte; GVBD, stage of meiotic resumption; MII, mature oocyte) during in vitro maturation, revealing the global picture of the metabolic patterns during maturation. In particular, several significantly altered metabolic pathways during goat oocyte meiosis have been identified, including active serine metabolism, increased utilization of tryptophan, and marked accumulation of purine nucleotide. In summary, the current study provides transcriptomic and metabolomic datasets for goat oocyte development that can be applied in cross-species comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Ma
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Gao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiashuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ling Gu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Le Couteur DG, Raubenheimer D, Solon-Biet S, de Cabo R, Simpson SJ. Does diet influence aging? Evidence from animal studies. J Intern Med 2024; 295:400-415. [PMID: 35701180 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition profoundly influences the risk for many age-related diseases. Whether nutrition influences human aging biology directly is less clear. Studies in different animal species indicate that reducing food intake ("caloric restriction" [CR]) can increase lifespan and delay the onset of diseases and the biological hallmarks of aging. Obesity has been described as "accelerated aging" and therefore the lifespan and health benefits generated by CR in both aging and obesity may occur via similar mechanisms. Beyond calorie intake, studies based on nutritional geometry have shown that protein intake and the interaction between dietary protein and carbohydrates influence age-related health and lifespan. Studies where animals are calorically restricted by providing free access to diluted diets have had less impact on lifespan than those studies where animals are given a reduced aliquot of food each day and are fasting between meals. This has drawn attention to the role of fasting in health and aging, and exploration of the health effects of various fasting regimes. Although definitive human clinical trials of nutrition and aging would need to be unfeasibly long and unrealistically controlled, there is good evidence from animal experiments that some nutritional interventions based on CR, manipulating dietary macronutrients, and fasting can influence aging biology and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- ANZAC Research Institute, The Concord Hospital, Concord, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samantha Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging (NIH), Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Morgan AE, Mc Auley MT. Vascular dementia: From pathobiology to emerging perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102278. [PMID: 38513772 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia. VaD is synonymous with ageing, and its symptoms place a significant burden on the health and wellbeing of older people. Despite the identification of a substantial number of risk factors for VaD, the pathological mechanisms underpinning this disease remain to be fully elucidated. Consequently, a biogerontological imperative exists to highlight the modifiable lifestyle factors which can mitigate against the risk of developing VaD. This review will critically examine some of the factors which have been revealed to modulate VaD risk. The survey commences by providing an overview of the putative mechanisms which are associated with the pathobiology of VaD. Next, the factors which influence the risk of developing VaD are examined. Finally, emerging treatment avenues including epigenetics, the gut microbiome, and pro-longevity pharmaceuticals are discussed. By drawing this key evidence together, it is our hope that it can be used to inform future experimental investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Elizabeth Morgan
- School of Health and Sports Sciences, Hope Park, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool L16 9JD, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Tomás Mc Auley
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford Manchester, Salford M5 4NT, United Kingdom
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Kowald A, Palmer D, Secci R, Fuellen G. Healthy Aging in Times of Extreme Temperatures: Biomedical Approaches. Aging Dis 2024; 15:601-611. [PMID: 37450930 PMCID: PMC10917539 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate extremes and rising energy prices present interconnected global health risks. Technical solutions can be supplemented with biomedical approaches to promote healthy longevity in hot and cold conditions. In summer, reducing basal metabolic rate through mild caloric restriction or CR mimetics, such as resveratrol, can potentially be used to lower body temperature. In winter, activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) for non-shivering thermogenesis and improved metabolic health can help adaptation to colder environments. Catechins found in green tea and in other food could be alternatives to drugs for these purposes. This review examines and discusses the biomedical evidence supporting the use of CR mimetics and BAT activators for health benefits amid increasingly extreme temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Kowald
- Institut für Biostatistik und Informatik in Medizin und Alternsforschung, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Germany.
| | - Daniel Palmer
- Institut für Biostatistik und Informatik in Medizin und Alternsforschung, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Germany.
| | - Riccardo Secci
- Institut für Biostatistik und Informatik in Medizin und Alternsforschung, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Germany.
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institut für Biostatistik und Informatik in Medizin und Alternsforschung, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Germany.
- Interdisziplinäre Fakultät, Department AGIS (Altern des Individuums und der Gesellschaft), Universität Rostock, Germany.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
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Perreault M, Means J, Gerson E, James M, Cotton S, Bergeron CG, Simon M, Carlin DA, Schmidt N, Moore TC, Blasbalg J, Sondheimer N, Ndugga-Kabuye K, Denney WS, Isabella VM, Lubkowicz D, Brennan A, Hava DL. The live biotherapeutic SYNB1353 decreases plasma methionine via directed degradation in animal models and healthy volunteers. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:382-395.e10. [PMID: 38309259 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Methionine is an essential proteinogenic amino acid, but its excess can lead to deleterious effects. Inborn errors of methionine metabolism resulting from loss of function in cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) cause classic homocystinuria (HCU), which is managed by a methionine-restricted diet. Synthetic biotics are gastrointestinal tract-targeted live biotherapeutics that can be engineered to replicate the benefits of dietary restriction. In this study, we assess whether SYNB1353, an E. coli Nissle 1917 derivative, impacts circulating methionine and homocysteine levels in animals and healthy volunteers. In both mice and nonhuman primates (NHPs), SYNB1353 blunts the appearance of plasma methionine and plasma homocysteine in response to an oral methionine load. A phase 1 clinical study conducted in healthy volunteers subjected to an oral methionine challenge demonstrates that SYNB1353 is well tolerated and blunts plasma methionine by 26%. Overall, SYNB1353 represents a promising approach for methionine reduction with potential utility for the treatment of HCU.
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Xiao YL, Gong Y, Qi YJ, Shao ZM, Jiang YZ. Effects of dietary intervention on human diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:59. [PMID: 38462638 PMCID: PMC10925609 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet, serving as a vital source of nutrients, exerts a profound influence on human health and disease progression. Recently, dietary interventions have emerged as promising adjunctive treatment strategies not only for cancer but also for neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. These interventions have demonstrated substantial potential in modulating metabolism, disease trajectory, and therapeutic responses. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignant progression, and a deeper understanding of this phenomenon in tumors and its effects on immune regulation is a significant challenge that impedes cancer eradication. Dietary intake, as a key environmental factor, can influence tumor metabolism. Emerging evidence indicates that dietary interventions might affect the nutrient availability in tumors, thereby increasing the efficacy of cancer treatments. However, the intricate interplay between dietary interventions and the pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases is complex. Despite encouraging results, the mechanisms underlying diet-based therapeutic strategies remain largely unexplored, often resulting in underutilization in disease management. In this review, we aim to illuminate the potential effects of various dietary interventions, including calorie restriction, fasting-mimicking diet, ketogenic diet, protein restriction diet, high-salt diet, high-fat diet, and high-fiber diet, on cancer and the aforementioned diseases. We explore the multifaceted impacts of these dietary interventions, encompassing their immunomodulatory effects, other biological impacts, and underlying molecular mechanisms. This review offers valuable insights into the potential application of these dietary interventions as adjunctive therapies in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Gong
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying-Jia Qi
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Huang Y, Lin Q, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Ma Y, Wu K, Ning Z, Zhang Z, Liu N, Li M, Liu Y, Tu T, Liu Q. Amino acid profile alteration in age-related atrial fibrillation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:259. [PMID: 38461346 PMCID: PMC10925006 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acids (AAs) are one of the primary metabolic substrates for cardiac work. The correlation between AAs and both atrial fibrillation (AF) and aging has been documented. However, the relationship between AAs and age-related AF remains unclear. METHODS Initially, the plasma AA levels of persistent AF patients and control subjects were assessed, and the correlations between AA levels, age, and other clinical indicators were explored. Subsequently, the age-related AF mouse model was constructed and the untargeted myocardial metabolomics was conducted to detect the level of AAs and related metabolites. Additionally, the gut microbiota composition associated with age-related AF was detected by a 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing analysis on mouse fecal samples. RESULTS Higher circulation levels of lysine (Student's t-test, P = 0.001), tyrosine (P = 0.002), glutamic acid (P = 0.008), methionine (P = 0.008), and isoleucine (P = 0.014), while a lower level of glycine (P = 0.003) were observed in persistent AF patients. The feature AAs identified by machine learning algorithms were glutamic acid and methionine. The association between AAs and age differs between AF and control subjects. Distinct patterns of AA metabolic profiles were observed in the myocardial metabolites of aged AF mice. Aged AF mice had lower levels of Betaine, L-histidine, L-alanine, L-arginine, L-Pyroglutamic acid, and L-Citrulline compared with adult AF mice. Aged AF mice also presented a different gut microbiota pattern, and its functional prediction analysis showed AA metabolism alteration. CONCLUSION This study provided a comprehensive network of AA disturbances in age-related AF from multiple dimensions, including plasma, myocardium, and gut microbiota. Disturbances of AAs may serve as AF biomarkers, and restoring their homeostasis may have potential benefits for the management of age-related AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunying Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuzhen Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxu Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuodong Ning
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaozhong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Price NL, Fernández-Tussy P, Varela L, Cardelo MP, Shanabrough M, Aryal B, de Cabo R, Suárez Y, Horvath TL, Fernández-Hernando C. microRNA-33 controls hunger signaling in hypothalamic AgRP neurons. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2131. [PMID: 38459068 PMCID: PMC10923783 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AgRP neurons drive hunger, and excessive nutrient intake is the primary driver of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. While many factors impacting central regulation of feeding behavior have been established, the role of microRNAs in this process is poorly understood. Utilizing unique mouse models, we demonstrate that miR-33 plays a critical role in the regulation of AgRP neurons, and that loss of miR-33 leads to increased feeding, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction in mice. These effects include the regulation of multiple miR-33 target genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid metabolism. Our findings elucidate a key regulatory pathway regulated by a non-coding RNA that impacts hunger by controlling multiple bioenergetic processes associated with the activation of AgRP neurons, providing alternative therapeutic approaches to modulate feeding behavior and associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan L Price
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Pablo Fernández-Tussy
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Luis Varela
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Laboratory of Glia -Neuron Interactions in the control of Hunger. Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940, Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Magdalena P Cardelo
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marya Shanabrough
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Binod Aryal
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Laboratory of Glia -Neuron Interactions in the control of Hunger. Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940, Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain.
- Department of Neuroscience. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Pathology. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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41
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Festus ID, Spilberg J, Young ME, Cain S, Khoshnevis S, Smolensky MH, Zaheer F, Descalzi G, Martino TA. Pioneering new frontiers in circadian medicine chronotherapies for cardiovascular health. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00040-7. [PMID: 38458859 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health concern. Circadian medicine improves cardiovascular care by aligning treatments with our body's daily rhythms and their underlying cellular circadian mechanisms. Time-based therapies, or chronotherapies, show special promise in clinical cardiology. They optimize treatment schedules for better outcomes with fewer side effects by recognizing the profound influence of rhythmic body cycles. In this review, we focus on three chronotherapy areas (medication, light, and meal timing) with potential to enhance cardiovascular care. We also highlight pioneering research in the new field of rest, the gut microbiome, novel chronotherapies for hypertension, pain management, and small molecules that targeting the circadian mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifene David Festus
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeri Spilberg
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sean Cain
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sepideh Khoshnevis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael H Smolensky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fariya Zaheer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giannina Descalzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tami A Martino
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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42
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Rose RA, Howlett SE. Preclinical Studies on the Effects of Frailty in the Aging Heart. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00200-9. [PMID: 38460611 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Age is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases in men and in women. However, not all people age at the same rate and those who are aging rapidly are considered frail, compared with their fit counterparts. Frailty is an important clinical challenge because those who are frail are more likely to develop and die from illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases, than fit people of the same age. This increase in susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases in older individuals might occur as the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the aging process facilitate structural and functional damage in the heart. Consistent with this, recent studies in murine frailty models have provided strong evidence that maladaptive cardiac remodelling in older mice is the most pronounced in mice with a high level of frailty. For example, there is evidence that ventricular hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction increase as frailty increases in aging mice. Additionally, fibrosis and slowing of conduction in the sinoatrial node and atria are proportional to the level of frailty. These modifications could predispose frail older adults to diseases like heart failure and atrial fibrillation. This preclinical work also raises the possibility that emerging interventions designed to "treat frailty" might also treat or prevent cardiovascular diseases. These findings might help to explain why frail older people are most likely to develop these disorders as they age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Rose
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Susan E Howlett
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Medicine (Geriatric Medicine), Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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43
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Ren L, Liang H, Zhu L, Yang X, Zhang H, Sun N, Huang D, Feng J, Wu Y, Xiong L, Ke X, Li M, Zhang A. Dietary Restriction Improves Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation and Gut Microbial Dysbiosis. Neuroscience 2024; 540:48-67. [PMID: 38272300 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Anesthesia/surgery have been identified as potential factors contributing to perioperative neurocognitive disorders, with a notably heightened risk observed in aging populations. One of the primary drivers of this impairment is believed to be neuroinflammation, specifically inflammation of hippocampal microglia. Dietary restriction has demonstrated a favorable impact on cognitive impairment across various disorders, primarily by quelling neuroinflammation. However, the precise influence of dietary restriction on perioperative neurocognitive disorders remains to be definitively ascertained. This investigation aims to explore the effects of dietary restriction on perioperative neurocognitive disorders and propose innovative therapeutic strategies for their management. The model of perioperative neurocognitive disorder was induced through exploratory laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the open field test, Barnes maze test, and fear conditioning test. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to quantify concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in both serum and hippocampal samples. The Western blot technique was utilized to assess expression levels of hippocampal PSD 95, Synaptophysin, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-kB p65. Microglial polarization was gauged using a combination of reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence labeling techniques. We conducted 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the impact of dietary restriction on the intestinal flora of aged mice following anesthesia/surgery. Our findings indicate that dietary restrictions have the potential to ameliorate anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction. This effect is achieved through the modulation of gut microbiota, suppression of inflammatory responses in hippocampal microglia, and facilitation of neuronal repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Ren
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | | | - Li Zhu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Nianyi Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Dunbing Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Xiaohua Ke
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Min Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Anren Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
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44
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Li L, Yao Y, Wang Y, Cao J, Jiang Z, Yang Y, Wang H, Ma H. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through targeting AMPK-dependent signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105661. [PMID: 38246352 PMCID: PMC10876613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has emerged as a prevalent cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, posing severe public health challenges worldwide. The incidence of NASH is highly correlated with an increased prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases. Currently, no approved drugs specifically targeted for the therapies of NASH partially due to the unclear pathophysiological mechanisms. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) is a membrane estrogen receptor involved in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, the function of GPER1 in NAFLD/NASH progression remains unknown. Here, we show that GPER1 exerts a beneficial role in insulin resistance, hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, or inflammation in vivo and in vitro. In particular, we observed that the lipid accumulation, inflammatory response, fibrosis, or insulin resistance in mouse NAFLD/NASH models were exacerbated by hepatocyte-specific GPER1 knockout but obviously mitigated by hepatic GPER1 activation in female and male mice. Mechanistically, hepatic GPER1 activates AMP-activated protein kinase signaling by inducing cyclic AMP release, thereby exerting its protective effect. These data suggest that GPER1 may be a promising therapeutic target for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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45
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Chen S, Chen J, Wang C, He T, Yang Z, Huang W, Luo X, Zhu H. Betaine attenuates age-related suppression in autophagy via Mettl21c/p97/VCP axis to delay muscle loss. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109555. [PMID: 38147913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Age-related impairment of autophagy accelerates muscle loss and lead to sarcopenia. Betaine can delay muscle loss as a dietary methyl donor via increasing S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM, a crucial metabolite for autophagy regulation) in methionion cycle. However, whether betaine can regulate autophagy level to attenuate degeneration in aging muscle remains unclear. Herein, male C57BL/6J young mice (YOU, 2-month-old), old mice (OLD, 15-month-old), and 2%-betaine-treated old mice (BET, 15-month-old) were employed and raised for 12 weeks. All mice underwent body composition examination and grip strength test before being sacrificed. Betaine alleviated age-related decline in muscle mass and strength. Meanwhile, betaine preserved the expression autophagy markers (Atg5, Atg7, LC3-II, and Beclin1) both at transcriptional and translational level during the aging process. RNA-sequencing results generated from mice gastrocnemius muscle found Mettl21c, a SAM-dependent autophagy-regulating methyltransferase, was significantly higher expressed in BET and YOU group. Results were further validated by qPCR and western bloting. In vitro, C2C12 cells with or without Mettl21c RNA interference were treated different concentration of betaine (0 mM, 10 mM) under methionine-starved condition. Compared with control group, betaine upregulated autophagy markers expression and autophagy flux. By increasing the SAM level, betaine facilitated trimethylation of p97 (Mettl21c downstream effector) into valosin-containing protein (VCP). Increased VCP promoted autophagic turnover of cellular components, ATP production, and cell differentiation. Knock-down of Metthl21c dismissed improvements mentioned above. Collectively, betaine could enhance aged skeletal muscle autophagy level via Mettl21c/p97/VCP axis to delay muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiedong Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongtong He
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenge Huang
- Center of Experimental Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Experimental and Teaching Center for Public Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China.
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46
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Mecca M, Picerno S, Cortellino S. The Killer's Web: Interconnection between Inflammation, Epigenetics and Nutrition in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2750. [PMID: 38473997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key contributor to both the initiation and progression of tumors, and it can be triggered by genetic instability within tumors, as well as by lifestyle and dietary factors. The inflammatory response plays a critical role in the genetic and epigenetic reprogramming of tumor cells, as well as in the cells that comprise the tumor microenvironment. Cells in the microenvironment acquire a phenotype that promotes immune evasion, progression, and metastasis. We will review the mechanisms and pathways involved in the interaction between tumors, inflammation, and nutrition, the limitations of current therapies, and discuss potential future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisabel Mecca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Simona Picerno
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cortellino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, CB, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), Clinical and Translational Oncology, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
- S.H.R.O. Italia Foundation ETS, 10060 Candiolo, TO, Italy
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47
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Chen PX, Zhang L, Chen D, Tian Y. Mitochondrial stress and aging: Lessons from C. elegans. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:69-76. [PMID: 36863917 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a progressive decline in mitochondrial function, which in turn contributes to a variety of age-related diseases. Counterintuitively, a growing number of studies have found that disruption of mitochondrial function often leads to increased lifespan. This seemingly contradictory observation has inspired extensive research into genetic pathways underlying the mitochondrial basis of aging, particularly within the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The complex and antagonistic roles of mitochondria in the aging process have altered the view of mitochondria, which not only serve as simple bioenergetic factories but also as signaling platforms for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and organismal health. Here, we review the contributions of C. elegans to our understanding of mitochondrial function in the aging process over the past decades. In addition, we explore how these insights may promote future research of mitochondrial-targeted strategies in higher organisms to potentially slow aging and delay age-related disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng X Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Leyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Di Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Rd, Pukou, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210061, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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48
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Agius T, Emsley R, Lyon A, MacArthur MR, Kiesworo K, Faivre A, Stavart L, Lambelet M, Legouis D, de Seigneux S, Golshayan D, Lazeyras F, Yeh H, Markmann JF, Uygun K, Ocampo A, Mitchell SJ, Allagnat F, Déglise S, Longchamp A. Short-term hypercaloric carbohydrate loading increases surgical stress resilience by inducing FGF21. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1073. [PMID: 38316771 PMCID: PMC10844297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction promotes resistance to surgical stress in multiple organisms. Counterintuitively, current medical protocols recommend short-term carbohydrate-rich drinks (carbohydrate loading) prior to surgery, part of a multimodal perioperative care pathway designed to enhance surgical recovery. Despite widespread clinical use, preclinical and mechanistic studies on carbohydrate loading in surgical contexts are lacking. Here we demonstrate in ad libitum-fed mice that liquid carbohydrate loading for one week drives reductions in solid food intake, while nearly doubling total caloric intake. Similarly, in humans, simple carbohydrate intake is inversely correlated with dietary protein intake. Carbohydrate loading-induced protein dilution increases expression of hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) independent of caloric intake, resulting in protection in two models of surgical stress: renal and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. The protection is consistent across male, female, and aged mice. In vivo, amino acid add-back or genetic FGF21 deletion blocks carbohydrate loading-mediated protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Finally, carbohydrate loading induction of FGF21 is associated with the induction of the canonical integrated stress response (ATF3/4, NF-kB), and oxidative metabolism (PPARγ). Together, these data support carbohydrate loading drinks prior to surgery and reveal an essential role of protein dilution via FGF21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Agius
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raffaella Emsley
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Lyon
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Kevin Kiesworo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Faivre
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties and Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Louis Stavart
- Transplantation Center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martine Lambelet
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Legouis
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties and Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Intensive Care, Department of Acute Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophie de Seigneux
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties and Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Déla Golshayan
- Transplantation Center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francois Lazeyras
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Heidi Yeh
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James F Markmann
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Korkut Uygun
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Florent Allagnat
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Déglise
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alban Longchamp
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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49
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Martín-Vírgala J, Martín-Carro B, Fernández-Villabrille S, Ruiz-Torres MP, Gómez-Alonso C, Rodríguez-García M, Fernández-Martín JL, Alonso-Montes C, Panizo S, Cannata-Andía JB, Naves-Díaz M, Carrillo-López N. Soluble Klotho, a Potential Biomarker of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disorders Involved in Healthy Ageing: Lights and Shadows. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1843. [PMID: 38339121 PMCID: PMC10855561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Shortly after the discovery of Klotho, interest grew in its potential role in chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are three isoforms of the Klotho protein: αKlotho, βKlotho and γKlotho. This review will focus on αKlotho due to its relevance as a biomarker in CKD. αKlotho is synthesized mainly in the kidneys, but it can be released into the bloodstream and urine as soluble Klotho (sKlotho), which undertakes systemic actions, independently or in combination with FGF23. It is usually accepted that sKlotho levels are reduced early in CKD and that lower levels of sKlotho might be associated with the main chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBDs): cardiovascular and bone disease. However, as results are inconsistent, the applicability of sKlotho as a CKD-MBD biomarker is still a matter of controversy. Much of the inconsistency can be explained due to low sample numbers, the low quality of clinical studies, the lack of standardized assays to assess sKlotho and a lack of consensus on sample processing, especially in urine. In recent decades, because of our longer life expectancies, the prevalence of accelerated-ageing diseases, such as CKD, has increased. Exercise, social interaction and caloric restriction are considered key factors for healthy ageing. While exercise and social interaction seem to be related to higher serum sKlotho levels, it is not clear whether serum sKlotho might be influenced by caloric restriction. This review focuses on the possible role of sKlotho as a biomarker in CKD-MBD, highlighting the difference between solid knowledge and areas requiring further research, including the role of sKlotho in healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Martín-Vírgala
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Martín-Carro
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sara Fernández-Villabrille
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Piedad Ruiz-Torres
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Área 5—Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal y Vascular del Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Alonso
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Minerva Rodríguez-García
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Nephrology Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Luis Fernández-Martín
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Alonso-Montes
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sara Panizo
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge B. Cannata-Andía
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Manuel Naves-Díaz
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Natalia Carrillo-López
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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50
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Fulton TL, Wansbrough MR, Mirth CK, Piper MDW. Short-term fasting of a single amino acid extends lifespan. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01078-3. [PMID: 38305939 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet and health are strongly linked, though the strict changes in diet required to improve health outcomes are usually difficult to sustain. We sought to understand whether short-term bouts of amino acid-specific modifications to the diet of Drosophila melanogaster could mimic the lifespan and stress resistance benefits of dietary restriction, without the requirement for drastic reductions in food intake. We found that flies that were transiently fed diets lacking the essential amino acid isoleucine, but otherwise nutritionally complete, exhibited enhanced nicotine tolerance, indicating elevated detoxification capacity. The protection from isoleucine deprivation increased with the duration of exposure, up to a maximum at 7-day isoleucine deprivation for flies 2, 3, or 4 weeks of age, and a 5-day deprivation when flies were 5 weeks of age. Because of these beneficial effects on toxin resistance, we intermittently deprived flies of isoleucine during the first 6 weeks of adulthood and monitored the effect on lifespan. Lifespan was significantly extended when flies experienced short-term isoleucine deprivation at 3 and 5 weeks of age, regardless of whether they were also deprived at 1 week. These results indicate that short-term bouts of isoleucine deprivation can extend lifespan and highlight its cumulative and time-dependent benefits. Interestingly, we found that isoleucine-deprived flies lost their protection against nicotine within 3 days of returning to fully fed conditions. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying lifespan extension may involve transient damage clearance during the bouts of isoleucine deprivation rather than sustained enhanced detoxification capacity. These data highlight a new time-restricted, nutritionally precise method to extend life in Drosophila melanogaster and point to a more manageable dietary method to combat ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahlia L Fulton
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Mia R Wansbrough
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Christen K Mirth
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew D W Piper
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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