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Qi Y, Zhou Y, Li J, Zhu F, Guo G, Wang C, Yu M, Wang Y, Ma T, Feng S, Zhou L. 3'-Deoxyadenosin alleviates methamphetamine-induced aberrant synaptic plasticity and seeking behavior by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2270-2280. [PMID: 38488561 PMCID: PMC11034599 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202410000-00028/figure1/v/2024-02-06T055622Z/r/image-tiff Methamphetamine addiction is a brain disorder characterized by persistent drug-seeking behavior, which has been linked with aberrant synaptic plasticity. An increasing body of evidence suggests that aberrant synaptic plasticity is associated with the activation of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. 3'-Deoxyadenosin, an active component of the Chinese fungus Cordyceps militaris, has strong anti-inflammatory effects. However, whether 3'-deoxyadenosin attenuates methamphetamine-induced aberrant synaptic plasticity via an NLRP3-mediated inflammatory mechanism remains unclear. We first observed that 3'-deoxyadenosin attenuated conditioned place preference scores in methamphetamine-treated mice and decreased the expression of c-fos in hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, we found that 3'-deoxyadenosin reduced the aberrant potentiation of glutamatergic transmission and restored the methamphetamine-induced impairment of synaptic plasticity. We also found that 3'-deoxyadenosin decreased the expression of NLRP3 and neuronal injury. Importantly, a direct NLRP3 deficiency reduced methamphetamine-induced seeking behavior, attenuated the impaired synaptic plasticity, and prevented neuronal damage. Finally, NLRP3 activation reversed the effect of 3'-deoxyadenosin on behavior and synaptic plasticity, suggesting that the anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism of 3'-deoxyadenosin on aberrant synaptic plasticity reduces methamphetamine-induced seeking behavior. Taken together, 3'-deoxyadenosin alleviates methamphetamine-induced aberrant synaptic plasticity and seeking behavior by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Qi
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiyang Li
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gengni Guo
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Can Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Man Yu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shanwu Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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2
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Yang T, Zhang P, Hu J, Xu W, Jiang W, Feng R, Lou Y, Jin X, Qian Z, Gao F, Gao K, Liu R, Yang Y. Exploring the neural correlates of fat taste perception and discrimination: Insights from electroencephalogram analysis. Food Chem 2024; 450:139353. [PMID: 38636376 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Understanding neural pathways and cognitive processes involved in the transformation of dietary fats into sensory experiences has profound implications for nutritional well-being. This study presents an efficient approach to comprehending the neural perception of fat taste using electroencephalogram (EEG). Through the examination of neural responses to different types of fatty acids (FAs) in 45 participants, we discerned distinct neural activation patterns associated with saturated versus unsaturated fatty acids. The spectrum analysis of averaged EEG signals revealed notable variations in δ and α-frequency bands across FA types. The topographical distribution and source localization results suggested that the brain encodes fat taste with specific activation timings in primary and secondary gustatory cortices. Saturated FAs elicited higher activation in cortical associated with emotion and reward processing. This electrophysiological evidence enhances our understanding of fundamental mechanisms behind fat perception, which is helpful for guiding strategies to manage hedonic eating and promote balanced fat consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Key Lab. of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Key Lab. of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yajun Lou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xiaofei Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Zhiyu Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Keqiang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
| | - Yamin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
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3
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Shi W, Li M, Zhang T, Yang C, Zhao D, Bai J. GABA system in the prefrontal cortex involved in psychostimulant addiction. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae319. [PMID: 39098820 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction is a chronic and relapse brain disorder. Psychostimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine are highly addictive drugs. Abuse drugs target various brain areas in the nervous system. Recent studies have shown that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role in regulating addictive behaviors. The PFC is made up of excitatory glutamatergic cells and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) interneurons. Recently, studies showed that GABA level was related with psychostimulant addiction. In this review, we will introduce the role and mechanism of GABA and γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABARs) of the PFC in regulating drug addiction, especially in psychostimulant addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Shi
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Minyu Li
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunlong Yang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
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Lenoir M, Engeln M, Navailles S, Girardeau P, Ahmed SH. A large-scale c-Fos brain mapping study on extinction of cocaine-primed reinstatement. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:1459-1467. [PMID: 38664549 PMCID: PMC11251268 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with cocaine addiction can experience many craving episodes and subsequent relapses, which represents the main obstacle to recovery. Craving is often favored when abstinent individuals ingest a small dose of cocaine, encounter cues associated with drug use or are exposed to stressors. Using a cocaine-primed reinstatement model in rat, we recently showed that cocaine-conditioned interoceptive cues can be extinguished with repeated cocaine priming in the absence of drug reinforcement, a phenomenon we called extinction of cocaine priming. Here, we applied a large-scale c-Fos brain mapping approach following extinction of cocaine priming in male rats to identify brain regions implicated in processing the conditioned interoceptive stimuli of cocaine priming. We found that cocaine-primed reinstatement is associated with increased c-Fos expression in key brain regions (e.g., dorsal and ventral striatum, several prefrontal areas and insular cortex), while its extinction mostly disengages them. Moreover, while reinstatement behavior was correlated with insular and accumbal activation, extinction of cocaine priming implicated parts of the ventral pallidum, the mediodorsal thalamus and the median raphe. These brain patterns of activation and inhibition suggest that after repeated priming, interoceptive signals lose their conditioned discriminative properties and that action-outcome associations systems are mobilized in search for new contingencies, a brain state that may predispose to rapid relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalie Lenoir
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Michel Engeln
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | | | - Paul Girardeau
- Univ. Bordeaux, UFR des Sciences Odontologiques, Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge H Ahmed
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
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5
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Engel L, Wolff AR, Blake M, Collins VL, Sinha S, Saunders BT. Dopamine neurons drive spatiotemporally heterogeneous striatal dopamine signals during learning. Curr Biol 2024; 34:3086-3101.e4. [PMID: 38925117 PMCID: PMC11279555 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Environmental cues, through Pavlovian learning, become conditioned stimuli that invigorate and guide animals toward rewards. Dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra (SNc) are crucial for this process, via engagement of a reciprocally connected network with their striatal targets. Critically, it remains unknown how dopamine neuron activity itself engages dopamine signals throughout the striatum, across learning. Here, we investigated how optogenetic Pavlovian cue conditioning of VTA or SNc dopamine neurons directs cue-evoked behavior and shapes subregion-specific striatal dopamine dynamics. We used a fluorescent biosensor to monitor dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core and shell, dorsomedial striatum (DMS), and dorsolateral striatum (DLS). We demonstrate spatially heterogeneous, learning-dependent dopamine changes across striatal regions. Although VTA stimulation-evoked robust dopamine release in NAc core, shell, and DMS, predictive cues preferentially recruited dopamine release in NAc core, starting early in training, and DMS, late in training. Negative prediction error signals, reflecting a violation in the expectation of dopamine neuron activation, only emerged in the NAc core and DMS. Despite the development of vigorous movement late in training, conditioned dopamine signals did not emerge in the DLS, even during Pavlovian conditioning with SNc dopamine neuron activation, which elicited robust DLS dopamine release. Together, our studies show a broad dissociation in the fundamental prediction and reward-related information generated by VTA and SNc dopamine neuron populations and signaled by dopamine across the striatum. Further, they offer new insight into how larger-scale adaptations across the striatal network emerge during learning to coordinate behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Engel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Amy R Wolff
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Madelyn Blake
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Val L Collins
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sonal Sinha
- Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Benjamin T Saunders
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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6
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Giannone F, Ebrahimi C, Endrass T, Hansson AC, Schlagenhauf F, Sommer WH. Bad habits-good goals? Meta-analysis and translation of the habit construct to alcoholism. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:298. [PMID: 39030169 PMCID: PMC11271507 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02965-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption remains a global public health crisis, with millions suffering from alcohol use disorder (AUD, or simply "alcoholism"), leading to significantly reduced life expectancy. This review examines the interplay between habitual and goal-directed behaviors and the associated neurobiological changes induced by chronic alcohol exposure. Contrary to a strict habit-goal dichotomy, our meta-analysis of the published animal experiments combined with a review of human studies reveals a nuanced transition between these behavioral control systems, emphasizing the need for refined terminology to capture the probabilistic nature of decision biases in individuals with a history of chronic alcohol exposure. Furthermore, we distinguish habitual responding from compulsivity, viewing them as separate entities with diverse roles throughout the stages of the addiction cycle. By addressing species-specific differences and translational challenges in habit research, we provide insights to enhance future investigations and inform strategies for combatting AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Giannone
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - C Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Endrass
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A C Hansson
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - F Schlagenhauf
- Department of Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin & St. Hedwig Hospital, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - W H Sommer
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
- Bethania Hospital for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Greifswald, Germany.
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
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7
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Ben Razek I, Vargas MI, Schechter DS, Seeck M. Newly Developed Craving for Swiss Chocolate. Ann Neurol 2024. [PMID: 39003606 DOI: 10.1002/ana.27023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ben Razek
- Neurology Clinics, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neuroradiology Clinics, University Hospital of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Isabel Vargas
- Neurology Clinics, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neuroradiology Clinics, University Hospital of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Schechter
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Margitta Seeck
- Neurology Clinics, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neuroradiology Clinics, University Hospital of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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8
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Thibeault KC, Leonard MZ, Kondev V, Emerson SD, Bethi R, Lopez AJ, Sens JP, Nabit BP, Elam HB, Winder DG, Patel S, Kiraly DD, Grueter BA, Calipari ES. A Cocaine-Activated Ensemble Exerts Increased Control Over Behavior While Decreasing in Size. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)01388-X. [PMID: 38901723 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use disorder is characterized by long-lasting changes in reward-related brain regions, such as the nucleus accumbens. Previous work has shown that cocaine exposure induces plasticity in broad, genetically defined cell types in the nucleus accumbens; however, in response to a stimulus, only a small percentage of neurons are transcriptionally active-termed an ensemble. Here, we identify an Arc-expressing neuronal ensemble that has a unique trajectory of recruitment and causally controls drug self-administration after repeated, but not acute, cocaine exposure. METHODS Using Arc-CreERT2 transgenic mice, we expressed transgenes in Arc+ ensembles activated by cocaine exposure (either acute [1 × 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally] or repeated [10 × 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally]). Using genetic, optical, and physiological recording and manipulation strategies, we assessed the contribution of these ensembles to behaviors associated with substance use disorder. RESULTS Repeated cocaine exposure reduced the size of the ensemble while simultaneously increasing its control over behavior. Neurons within the repeated cocaine ensemble were hyperexcitable, and their optogenetic excitation was sufficient for reinforcement. Finally, lesioning the repeated cocaine, but not the acute cocaine, ensemble blunted cocaine self-administration. Thus, repeated cocaine exposure reduced the size of the ensemble while simultaneously increasing its contributions to drug reinforcement. CONCLUSIONS We showed that repeated, but not acute, cocaine exposure induced a physiologically distinct ensemble characterized by the expression of the immediate early gene Arc, which was uniquely capable of modulating reinforcement behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly C Thibeault
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael Z Leonard
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Veronika Kondev
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Soren D Emerson
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rishik Bethi
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Alberto J Lopez
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jonathon P Sens
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Brett P Nabit
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hannah B Elam
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Danny G Winder
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt JF Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sachin Patel
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Drew D Kiraly
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Brad A Grueter
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt JF Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
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9
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Mondragón-González SL, Schreiweis C, Burguière E. Closed-loop recruitment of striatal interneurons prevents compulsive-like grooming behaviors. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1148-1156. [PMID: 38693349 PMCID: PMC11156588 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01633-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Compulsive behaviors have been associated with striatal hyperactivity. Parvalbumin-positive striatal interneurons (PVIs) in the striatum play a crucial role in regulating striatal activity and suppressing prepotent inappropriate actions. To investigate the potential role of striatal PVIs in regulating compulsive behaviors, we assessed excessive self-grooming-a behavioral metric of compulsive-like behavior-in male Sapap3 knockout mice (Sapap3-KO). Continuous optogenetic activation of PVIs in striatal areas receiving input from the lateral orbitofrontal cortex reduced self-grooming events in Sapap3-KO mice to wild-type levels. Aiming to shorten the critical time window for PVI recruitment, we then provided real-time closed-loop optogenetic stimulation of striatal PVIs, using a transient power increase in the 1-4 Hz frequency band in the orbitofrontal cortex as a predictive biomarker of grooming onsets. Targeted closed-loop stimulation at grooming onsets was as effective as continuous stimulation in reducing grooming events but required 87% less stimulation time, paving the way for adaptive stimulation therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirenia Lizbeth Mondragón-González
- Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Christiane Schreiweis
- Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Eric Burguière
- Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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10
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Broomer MC, Beacher NJ, Wang MW, Lin DT. Examining a punishment-related brain circuit with miniature fluorescence microscopes and deep learning. ADDICTION NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 11:100154. [PMID: 38680653 PMCID: PMC11044849 DOI: 10.1016/j.addicn.2024.100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In humans experiencing substance use disorder (SUD), abstinence from drug use is often motivated by a desire to avoid some undesirable consequence of further use: health effects, legal ramifications, etc. This process can be experimentally modeled in rodents by training and subsequently punishing an operant response in a context-induced reinstatement procedure. Understanding the biobehavioral mechanisms underlying punishment learning is critical to understanding both abstinence and relapse in individuals with SUD. To date, most investigations into the neural mechanisms of context-induced reinstatement following punishment have utilized discrete loss-of-function manipulations that do not capture ongoing changes in neural circuitry related to punishment-induced behavior change. Here, we describe a two-pronged approach to analyzing the biobehavioral mechanisms of punishment learning using miniature fluorescence microscopes and deep learning algorithms. We review recent advancements in both techniques and consider a target neural circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Broomer
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Beacher
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michael W. Wang
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Da-Ting Lin
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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11
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Jones BO, Paladino MS, Cruz AM, Spencer HF, Kahanek PL, Scarborough LN, Georges SF, Smith RJ. Punishment resistance for cocaine is associated with inflexible habits in rats. ADDICTION NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 11:100148. [PMID: 38859977 PMCID: PMC11164474 DOI: 10.1016/j.addicn.2024.100148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Addiction is characterized by continued drug use despite negative consequences. In an animal model, a subset of rats continues to self-administer cocaine despite footshock consequences, showing punishment resistance. We sought to test the hypothesis that punishment resistance arises from failure to exert goal-directed control over habitual cocaine seeking. While habits are not inherently permanent or maladaptive, continued use of habits under conditions that should encourage goal-directed control makes them maladaptive and inflexible. We trained male and female Sprague Dawley rats on a seeking-taking chained schedule of cocaine self-administration. We then exposed them to four days of punishment testing in which footshock was delivered randomly on one-third of trials. Before and after punishment testing (four days pre-punishment and ≥ four days post-punishment), we assessed whether cocaine seeking was goal-directed or habitual using outcome devaluation via cocaine satiety. We found that punishment resistance was associated with continued use of habits, whereas punishment sensitivity was associated with increased goal-directed control. Although punishment resistance for cocaine was not predicted by habitual responding pre-punishment, it was associated with habitual responding post-punishment. In parallel studies of food self-administration, we similarly observed that punishment resistance was associated with habitual responding post-punishment but not pre-punishment in males, although it was associated with habitual responding both pre- and post-punishment in females, indicating that punishment resistance was predicted by habitual responding in food-seeking females. These findings indicate that punishment resistance is related to habits that have become inflexible and persist under conditions that should encourage a transition to goal-directed behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley O Jones
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Morgan S Paladino
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Adelis M Cruz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Haley F Spencer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Payton L Kahanek
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lauren N Scarborough
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sandra F Georges
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rachel J Smith
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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12
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Gabriel DB, Havugimana F, Liley AE, Aguilar I, Yeasin M, Simon NW. Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Encodes Presence of Risk and Subjective Risk Preference During Decision-Making. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.08.588332. [PMID: 38645204 PMCID: PMC11030364 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.08.588332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Adaptive decision-making requires consideration of objective risks and rewards associated with each option, as well as subjective preference for risky/safe alternatives. Inaccurate risk/reward estimations can engender excessive risk-taking, a central trait in many psychiatric disorders. The lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) has been linked to many disorders associated with excessively risky behavior and is ideally situated to mediate risky decision-making. Here, we used single-unit electrophysiology to measure neuronal activity from lOFC of freely moving rats performing in a punishment-based risky decision-making task. Subjects chose between a small, safe reward and a large reward associated with either 0% or 50% risk of concurrent punishment. lOFC activity repeatedly encoded current risk in the environment throughout the decision-making sequence, signaling risk before, during, and after a choice. In addition, lOFC encoded reward magnitude, although this information was only evident during action selection. A Random Forest classifier successfully used neural data accurately to predict the risk of punishment in any given trial, and the ability to predict choice via lOFC activity differentiated between and risk-preferring and risk-averse rats. Finally, risk preferring subjects demonstrated reduced lOFC encoding of risk and increased encoding of reward magnitude. These findings suggest lOFC may serve as a central decision-making hub in which external, environmental information converges with internal, subjective information to guide decision-making in the face of punishment risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B.K. Gabriel
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Felix Havugimana
- Department of Computer Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152
| | - Anna E. Liley
- Institut du Cerveau/Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France, 75013
| | - Ivan Aguilar
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152
| | - Mohammed Yeasin
- Department of Computer Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152
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13
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Harada M, Capdevila LS, Wilhelm M, Burdakov D, Patriarchi T. Stimulation of VTA dopamine inputs to LH upregulates orexin neuronal activity in a DRD2-dependent manner. eLife 2024; 12:RP90158. [PMID: 38567902 PMCID: PMC10990487 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dopamine and orexins (hypocretins) play important roles in regulating reward-seeking behaviors. It is known that hypothalamic orexinergic neurons project to dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), where they can stimulate dopaminergic neuronal activity. Although there are reciprocal connections between dopaminergic and orexinergic systems, whether and how dopamine regulates the activity of orexin neurons is currently not known. Here we implemented an opto-Pavlovian task in which mice learn to associate a sensory cue with optogenetic dopamine neuron stimulation to investigate the relationship between dopamine release and orexin neuron activity in the lateral hypothalamus (LH). We found that dopamine release can be evoked in LH upon optogenetic stimulation of VTA dopamine neurons and is also naturally evoked by cue presentation after opto-Pavlovian learning. Furthermore, orexin neuron activity could also be upregulated by local stimulation of dopaminergic terminals in the LH in a way that is partially dependent on dopamine D2 receptors (DRD2). Our results reveal previously unknown orexinergic coding of reward expectation and unveil an orexin-regulatory axis mediated by local dopamine inputs in the LH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Harada
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | | | - Maria Wilhelm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Denis Burdakov
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University and ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Tommaso Patriarchi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University and ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
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14
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Wang M, Wang Z, Zhao D, Yu Y, Wei F. Periodontitis causally affects the brain cortical structure: A Mendelian randomization study. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:381-386. [PMID: 38059384 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate whether genetically proxied periodontitis causally impacts the brain cortical structure using Mendelian randomization (MR). BACKGROUND Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent inflammatory conditions globally, and emerging evidence has indicated its influences on distal organs, including the brain, whose disorders are always accompanied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-identified brain cortical changes. However, to date, no available evidence has revealed the association between periodontitis and brain cortical structures. METHODS The instrumental variables (IVs) were adopted from previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) studies and meta-analyses of GWAS studies of periodontitis from 1844 to 5266 cases and 8255 to 12 515 controls. IVs were linked to GWAS summary data of 51 665 patients from the ENIGMA Consortium, assessing the impacts of genetically proxied periodontitis on the surficial area (SA) or the cortical thickness (TH) of the global and 34 MRI-identified functional regions of the brain. Inverse-variance weighted was used as the primary estimate; the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), the MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analyses were used to examine the potential horizontal pleiotropy. RESULTS Genetically proxied periodontitis affects the SA of the medial orbitofrontal cortex, the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, the inferior temporal cortex, the entorhinal cortex, and the temporal pole, as well as the TH of the entorhinal. No pleiotropy was detected. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis causally influences the brain cortical structures, implying the existence of a periodontal tissue-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiao Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyao Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Delu Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Yajie Yu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
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15
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Engel L, Wolff AR, Blake M, Collins VL, Sinha S, Saunders BT. Dopamine neurons drive spatiotemporally heterogeneous striatal dopamine signals during learning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.07.01.547331. [PMID: 38585717 PMCID: PMC10996462 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.01.547331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Environmental cues, through Pavlovian learning, become conditioned stimuli that invigorate and guide animals toward acquisition of rewards. Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra (SNC) are crucial for this process. Dopamine neurons are embedded in a reciprocally connected network with their striatal targets, the functional organization of which remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated how learning during optogenetic Pavlovian cue conditioning of VTA or SNC dopamine neurons directs cue-evoked behavior and shapes subregion-specific striatal dopamine dynamics. We used a fluorescent dopamine biosensor to monitor dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core and shell, dorsomedial striatum (DMS), and dorsolateral striatum (DLS). We demonstrate spatially heterogeneous, learning-dependent dopamine changes across striatal regions. While VTA stimulation evoked robust dopamine release in NAc core, shell, and DMS, cues predictive of this activation preferentially recruited dopamine release in NAc core, starting early in training, and DMS, late in training. Corresponding negative prediction error signals, reflecting a violation in the expectation of dopamine neuron activation, only emerged in the NAc core and DMS, and not the shell. Despite development of vigorous movement late in training, conditioned dopamine signals did not similarly emerge in the DLS, even during Pavlovian conditioning with SNC dopamine neuron activation, which elicited robust DLS dopamine release. Together, our studies show broad dissociation in the fundamental prediction and reward-related information generated by different dopamine neuron populations and signaled by dopamine across the striatum. Further, they offer new insight into how larger-scale plasticity across the striatal network emerges during Pavlovian learning to coordinate behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Engel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota
- Current Address: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto
| | - Amy R Wolff
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota
| | - Madelyn Blake
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota
| | - Val L Collins
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota
| | | | - Benjamin T Saunders
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota
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16
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Evans VD, Arenas A, Shinozuka K, Tabaac BJ, Beutler BD, Cherian K, Fasano C, Muir OS. Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians-Ketamine. Am J Ther 2024; 31:e155-e177. [PMID: 38518272 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketamine, an arylcyclohexylamine dissociative anesthetic agent, has evolved into a versatile therapeutic. It has a rapid-onset, well-understood cardiovascular effects and a favorable safety profile in clinical use. Its enantiomeric compound, esketamine, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2019 for both treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY Research indicates dose-dependent impacts on cognition, particularly affecting episodic and working memory following both acute administration and chronic use, albeit temporarily for the former and potentially persistent for the latter. Alongside acute risks to cardiovascular stability, ketamine use poses potential liver toxicity concerns, especially with prolonged or repeated exposure within short time frames. The drug's association with "ketamine cystitis," characterized by bladder inflammation, adds to its profile of physiological risks. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES Data demonstrate a single intravenous infusion of ketamine exhibits antidepressant effects within hours (weighted effect size averages of depression scores (N = 518) following a single 0.5 mg/kg infusion of ketamine is d = 0.96 at 24 hours). Ketamine is also effective at reducing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity following repeated infusions (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale scores: -11.88 points compared with midazolam control). Ketamine also decreased suicidal ideation in emergency settings (Scale for Suicidal Ideation scores: -4.96 compared with midazolam control). Through its opioid-sparing effect, ketamine has revolutionized postoperative pain management by reducing analgesic consumption and enhancing recovery. LIMITATIONS Many studies indicate that ketamine's therapeutic effects may subside within weeks. Repeated administrations, given multiple times per week, are often required to sustain decreases in suicidality and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Ketamine's comprehensive clinical profile, combined with its robust effects on depression, suicidal ideation, PTSD, chronic pain, and other psychiatric conditions, positions it as a substantial contender for transformative therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana D Evans
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Alejandro Arenas
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Kenneth Shinozuka
- Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Burton J Tabaac
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV
- Department of Neurology, Carson Tahoe Health, Carson City, NV
| | - Bryce D Beutler
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kirsten Cherian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | - Owen S Muir
- Fermata Health, Brooklyn, NY; and
- Acacia Clinics, Sunnyvale, CA
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17
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Myerson J, Montelongo M, Rufino K, Patriquin M, Salas R, Oh H. Examination of reward processing dysfunctions in the left dorsal striatum and other brain regions among psychiatric inpatients with substance use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 256:111097. [PMID: 38266574 PMCID: PMC10923081 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance misuse is a major public health issue and research has established attenuated reward responses to drug cues in those who misuse substances. Yet, little is known about whether the expectation of natural reinforcers engages distinct brain regions in substance misuse. METHODS Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we delivered juice at expected and unexpected times to examine reward processing dysfunctions. We focused on the responses within the left dorsal striatum (DS) in individuals with high-risk substance use (HRU, n = 65), low-risk substance use (psychiatric controls, PC, n = 65), and healthy controls (HC, n = 65). Additionally, we investigated whether the dysfunction in reward processing within the left DS is correlated with other common psychiatric symptoms. Finally, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the whole brain to investigate other non-hypothesized brain regions. RESULTS Compared to HC, HRU displayed lower responses to juice delivery (i.e., reward) in the left DS (p <.05). The whole-brain analysis demonstrated that compared to HC, HRU displayed significantly lower responses to reward stimuli in various brain regions, including the bilateral caudate, temporal gyrus, left frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, and right thalamus. LIMITATIONS Participants were individuals with polysubstance use; therefore, we were not able to examine the effects of individual substances. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that HRU displays lower responses to reward stimuli within the left DS and other non-hypothesized brain regions. Our findings may help further elucidate reward processing dysfunctions related to substance misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katrina Rufino
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA; The University of Houston Downtown, Houston, TX 77002, USA
| | - Michelle Patriquin
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hyuntaek Oh
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.
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18
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Huang N, Cui J, Fan G, Pan T, Han K, Xu K, Jiang C, Liu X, Wang F, Ma L, Le Q. Transcriptomic effects of paternal cocaine-seeking on the reward circuitry of male offspring. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:120. [PMID: 38409093 PMCID: PMC10897445 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02839-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been previously established that paternal development of a strong incentive motivation for cocaine can predispose offspring to develop high cocaine-seeking behavior, as opposed to sole exposure to the drug that results in drug resistance in offspring. However, the adaptive changes of the reward circuitry have not been fully elucidated. To infer the key nuclei and possible hub genes that determine susceptibility to addiction in offspring, rats were randomly assigned to three groups, cocaine self-administration (CSA), yoked administration (Yoke), and saline self-administration (SSA), and used to generate F1. We conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of the male F1 offspring across seven relevant brain regions, both under drug-naïve conditions and after cocaine self-administration. Pairwise differentially expressed gene analysis revealed that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) exhibited more pronounced transcriptomic changes in response to cocaine exposure, while the dorsal hippocampus (dHip), dorsal striatum (dStr), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) exhibited changes that were more closely associated with the paternal voluntary cocaine-seeking behavior. Consistently, these nuclei showed decreased dopamine levels, elevated neuronal activation, and elevated between-nuclei correlations, indicating dopamine-centered rewiring of the midbrain circuit in the CSA offspring. To determine if possible regulatory cascades exist that drive the expression changes, we constructed co-expression networks induced by paternal drug addiction and identified three key clusters, primarily driven by transcriptional factors such as MYT1L, POU3F4, and NEUROD6, leading to changes of genes regulating axonogenesis, synapse organization, and membrane potential, respectively. Collectively, our data highlight vulnerable neurocircuitry and novel regulatory candidates with therapeutic potential for disrupting the transgenerational inheritance of vulnerability to cocaine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guangyuan Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Pan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kunxiu Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kailiang Xu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Changyou Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Addiction Memory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU009), Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xing Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Addiction Memory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU009), Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Research Unit of Addiction Memory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU009), Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lan Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Unit of Addiction Memory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU009), Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Qiumin Le
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Unit of Addiction Memory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU009), Shanghai, 200032, China.
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19
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Daiwile AP, McCoy MT, Ladenheim B, Subramaniam J, Cadet JL. Incubation of methamphetamine craving in punishment-resistant individuals is associated with activation of specific gene networks in the rat dorsal striatum. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02455-2. [PMID: 38351172 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is characterized by loss of control over compulsive drug use. Here, we used a self-administration (SA) model to investigate transcriptional changes associated with the development of early and late compulsivity during contingent footshocks. Punishment initially separated methamphetamine taking rats into always shock-resistant (ASR) rats that continued active lever pressing and shock-sensitive (SS) rats that reduced their lever pressing. At the end of the punishment phase, rats underwent 15 days of forced abstinence at the end of which they were re-introduced to the SA paradigm followed by SA plus contingent shocks. Interestingly, 36 percent of the initial SS rats developed delayed shock-resistance (DSR). Of translational relevance, ASR rats showed more incubation of methamphetamine craving than DSR and always sensitive (AS) rats. RNA sequencing revealed increased striatal Rab37 and Dipk2b mRNA levels that correlated with incubation of methamphetamine craving. Interestingly, Bdnf mRNA levels showed HDAC2-dependent decreased expression in the AS rats. The present SA paradigm should help to elucidate the molecular substrates of early and late addiction-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul P Daiwile
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Michael T McCoy
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Bruce Ladenheim
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jayanthi Subramaniam
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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20
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Wolff AR, Saunders BT. Sensory Cues Potentiate VTA Dopamine Mediated Reinforcement. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0421-23.2024. [PMID: 38238080 PMCID: PMC10875637 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0421-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensory cues are critical for shaping decisions and invigorating actions during reward seeking. Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are central in this process, supporting associative learning in Pavlovian and instrumental settings. Studies of intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) behavior, which show that animals will work hard to receive stimulation of dopamine neurons, support the notion that dopamine transmits a reward or value signal to support learning. Recent studies have begun to question this, however, emphasizing dopamine's value-free functions, leaving its contribution to behavioral reinforcement somewhat muddled. Here, we investigated the role of sensory stimuli in dopamine-mediated reinforcement, using an optogenetic ICSS paradigm in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-Cre rats. We find that while VTA dopamine neuron activation in the absence of explicit external cues is sufficient to maintain robust self-stimulation, the presence of cues dramatically potentiates ICSS behavior. Our results support a framework where dopamine can have some base value as a reinforcer, but the impact of this signal is modulated heavily by the sensory learning context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Wolff
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, Minnesota
| | - Benjamin T Saunders
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, Minnesota
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21
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Lee IB, Lee E, Han NE, Slavuj M, Hwang JW, Lee A, Sun T, Jeong Y, Baik JH, Park JY, Choi SY, Kwag J, Yoon BJ. Persistent enhancement of basolateral amygdala-dorsomedial striatum synapses causes compulsive-like behaviors in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:219. [PMID: 38191518 PMCID: PMC10774417 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Compulsive behaviors are observed in a range of psychiatric disorders, however the neural substrates underlying the behaviors are not clearly defined. Here we show that the basolateral amygdala-dorsomedial striatum (BLA-DMS) circuit activation leads to the manifestation of compulsive-like behaviors. We revealed that the BLA neurons projecting to the DMS, mainly onto dopamine D1 receptor-expressing neurons, largely overlap with the neuronal population that responds to aversive predator stress, a widely used anxiogenic stressor. Specific optogenetic activation of the BLA-DMS circuit induced a strong anxiety response followed by compulsive grooming. Furthermore, we developed a mouse model for compulsivity displaying a wide spectrum of compulsive-like behaviors by chronically activating the BLA-DMS circuit. In these mice, persistent molecular changes at the BLA-DMS synapses observed were causally related to the compulsive-like phenotypes. Together, our study demonstrates the involvement of the BLA-DMS circuit in the emergence of enduring compulsive-like behaviors via its persistent synaptic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Bum Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Eun Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Marko Slavuj
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Wook Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahrim Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Sun
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yehwan Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Hyun Baik
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Park
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choi
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehyun Kwag
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-June Yoon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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22
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van der Merwe R, Nadel J, Copes-Finke D, Pawelko S, Scott J, Ghanem M, Fox M, Morehouse C, McLaughlin R, Maddox C, Albert-Lyons R, Malaki G, Groce V, Turocy A, Aggadi N, Jin X, Howard C. Characterization of striatal dopamine projections across striatal subregions in behavioral flexibility. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4466-4486. [PMID: 36617434 PMCID: PMC10329096 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural flexibility is key to survival in a dynamic environmentWhile flexible, goal-directed behaviours are initially dependent on dorsomedial striatum, they become dependent on lateral striatum as behaviours become inflexible. Similarly, lesions of dopamine terminals in lateral striatum disrupt the development of inflexible habits. This work suggests that dopamine release in lateral striatum may drive inflexible behaviours, though few studies have investigated a causative role of subpopulations of striatal dopamine terminals in reversal learning, a measure of flexibility. Here, we performed two optogenetic experiments to activate dopamine terminals in dorsomedial (DMS), dorsolateral (DLS) or ventral (nucleus accumbens [NAc]) striatum in DAT-Cre mice that expressed channelrhodopsin-2 via viral injection (Experiment I) or through transgenic breeding with an Ai32 reporter line (Experiment II) to determine how specific dopamine subpopulations impact reversal learning. Mice performed a reversal task in which they self-stimulated DMS, DLS, or NAc dopamine terminals by pressing one of two levers before action-outcome lever contingencies were reversed. Largely consistent with presumed ventromedial/lateral striatal function, we found that mice self-stimulating medial dopamine terminals reversed lever preference following contingency reversal, while mice self-stimulating NAc showed parial flexibility, and DLS self-stimulation resulted in impaired reversal. Impairments in DLS mice were characterized by more regressive errors and reliance on lose-stay strategies following reversal, as well as reduced within-session learning, suggesting reward insensitivity and overreliance on previously learned actions. This study supports a model of striatal function in which DMS and ventral dopamine facilitate goal-directed responding, and DLS dopamine supports more inflexible responding.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.K. van der Merwe
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - J.A. Nadel
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
- Northwestern University Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (NUIN), Evanston, IL, USA
| | - D. Copes-Finke
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - S. Pawelko
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - J.S. Scott
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - M. Ghanem
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - M. Fox
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - C. Morehouse
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - R. McLaughlin
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - C. Maddox
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - R. Albert-Lyons
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - G. Malaki
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - V. Groce
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - A. Turocy
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - N. Aggadi
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
| | - X. Jin
- Center for Motor Control and Disease, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- NYU–ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - C.D. Howard
- Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St., Oberlin, OH, USA
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23
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Hattori R, Hedrick NG, Jain A, Chen S, You H, Hattori M, Choi JH, Lim BK, Yasuda R, Komiyama T. Meta-reinforcement learning via orbitofrontal cortex. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:2182-2191. [PMID: 37957318 PMCID: PMC10689244 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) framework, which involves RL over multiple timescales, has been successful in training deep RL models that generalize to new environments. It has been hypothesized that the prefrontal cortex may mediate meta-RL in the brain, but the evidence is scarce. Here we show that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) mediates meta-RL. We trained mice and deep RL models on a probabilistic reversal learning task across sessions during which they improved their trial-by-trial RL policy through meta-learning. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-dependent synaptic plasticity in OFC was necessary for this meta-learning but not for the within-session trial-by-trial RL in experts. After meta-learning, OFC activity robustly encoded value signals, and OFC inactivation impaired the RL behaviors. Longitudinal tracking of OFC activity revealed that meta-learning gradually shapes population value coding to guide the ongoing behavioral policy. Our results indicate that two distinct RL algorithms with distinct neural mechanisms and timescales coexist in OFC to support adaptive decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Hattori
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA.
| | - Nathan G Hedrick
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anant Jain
- Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hanjia You
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mariko Hattori
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jun-Hyeok Choi
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Byung Kook Lim
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryohei Yasuda
- Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Takaki Komiyama
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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24
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Campbell RR, Lobo MK. Neurobiological mechanisms underlying psychostimulant use. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 83:102786. [PMID: 37776675 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Rates of individuals struggling with psychostimulant use disorder (PSUD), defined as chronic use of psychostimulants despite negative consequences, are growing rapidly over the last few decades. However, there are no current pharmacotherapeutics to aid individuals in maintaining drug abstinence. Identifying the underlying neurobiological mechanisms that promote persistent craving and taking of psychostimulants is critical to creating novel pharmacological treatments for PSUD. Psychostimulant use dysregulates processes within the brain that are responsible for decision-making, reward, and memory formation to drive future drug-seeking. Here, we describe novel findings and theories on how psychostimulants impact mechanisms related to transcription, mitochondrial function, and synaptic plasticity within the reward system to drive drug-seeking. We also highlight work examining how psychostimulants impact neural networks through rewiring circuitry to drive addiction-related behaviors. Overall, this review aims to feature the latest progress in understanding the biological basis of PSUD and promising mechanisms for PSUD pharmacotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne R Campbell
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. https://twitter.com/RianneThoughts
| | - Mary Kay Lobo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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25
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Yang T, Zhang P, Xing L, Hu J, Feng R, Zhong J, Li W, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Yang Y, Gao F, Qian Z. Insights into brain perceptions of the different taste qualities and hedonic valence of food via scalp electroencephalogram. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113311. [PMID: 37803622 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Investigating brain activity is essential for exploring taste-experience related cues. The paper aimed to explore implicit (unconscious) emotional or physiological responses related to taste experiences using scalp electroencephalogram (EEG). We performed implicit measures of tastants of differing perceptual types (bitter, salty, sour and sweet) and intensities (low, medium, and high). The results showed that subjects were partially sensitive to different sensory intensities, i.e., for high intensities, taste stimuli could induce activation of different rhythm signals in the brain, with α and θ bands possibly being more sensitive to different taste types. Furthermore, the neural representations and corresponding sensory qualities (e.g., "sweet: pleasant" or "bitter: unpleasant") of different tastes could be discriminated at 250-1,500 ms after stimulus onset, and different tastes exhibited distinct temporal dynamic differences. Source localization indicated that different taste types activate brain areas associated with emotional eating, reward processing, and motivated tendencies, etc. Overall, our findings reveal a larger sophisticated taste map that accounted for the diversity of taste types in the human brain and assesses the emotion, reward, and motivated behavior represented by different tastes. This study provided basic insights and a perceptual foundation for the relationship between taste experience-related decisions and the prediction of brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Lidong Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Key Lab. of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Key Lab. of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Junjie Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Key Lab. of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Weitao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Qiaoqiao Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Yamin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Fan Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China.
| | - Zhiyu Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Multi-modal Brain-Computer Precision Drive Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and Technology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China.
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26
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Wolff AR, Saunders BT. Sensory cues potentiate VTA dopamine mediated reinforcement. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562986. [PMID: 37904916 PMCID: PMC10614908 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Sensory cues are critical for shaping decisions and invigorating actions during reward seeking. Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are critical in this process, supporting associative learning in Pavlovian and instrumental settings. Studies of intracranial self stimulation (ICSS) behavior, which show that animals will work hard to receive stimulation of dopamine neurons, support the notion that dopamine transmits a reward or value signal to support learning. Recent studies have begun to question this, however, emphasizing dopamine's value-free functions, leaving its contribution to behavioral reinforcement somewhat muddled. Here, we investigated the role of sensory stimuli in dopamine-mediated reinforcement, using an optogenetic ICSS paradigm in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-cre rats. We find that while VTA dopamine neuron activation in the absence of any external cueing stimulus is sufficient to maintain robust self stimulation, the presence of cues dramatically potentiates ICSS behavior. Our results support a framework where dopamine can have some base value as a reinforcer, but the impact of this signal is modulated heavily by the sensory learning context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Wolff
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota
| | - Benjamin T Saunders
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota
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27
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Arnold ME, Schank JR. Aversion-associated drug and alcohol seeking in females. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 71:101095. [PMID: 37558185 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Compulsive drug intake is characterized by the continuation of use regardless of negative consequences. This is modeled preclinically using procedures where a negative stimulus is delivered contingently with consumption of the reinforcer. In humans, women and men exhibit different drug taking behavior as it pertains to overall use, withdrawal symptoms, and rate of dependence. In substance use research, females have often been excluded from many studies due to concerns that circulating sex hormones may affect drug seeking behavior. However, the more recent inclusion of females in preclinical studies has identified interesting sex differences in aversion-resistant intake of drugs and alcohol. This review will serve to summarize key findings in aversion-related intake of alcohol, psychostimulants, and opioids in females by examining studies that have included female subjects. Further discussion will examine the effect of intake model, neuroanatomical pathways, and sex hormones in the expression of aversion-resistant drug and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda E Arnold
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jesse R Schank
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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28
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Dong X, Zhornitsky S, Wang W, Le TM, Chen Y, Chaudhary S, Li CSR, Zhang S. Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Dorsal and Ventral Striatum, Impulsivity, and Severity of Use in Recently Abstinent Cocaine-Dependent Individuals. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:627-638. [PMID: 37579016 PMCID: PMC10519818 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have focused on both ventral striatum (VS) and dorsal striatum (DS) in characterizing dopaminergic deficits in addiction. Animal studies suggest VS and DS dysfunction each in association with impulsive and compulsive cocaine use during early and later stages of addiction. However, few human studies have aimed to distinguish the roles of VS and DS dysfunction in cocaine misuse. METHODS We examined VS and DS resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of 122 recently abstinent cocaine-dependent individuals (CDs) and 122 healthy controls (HCs) in 2 separate cohorts. We followed published routines in imaging data analyses and evaluated the results at a corrected threshold with age, sex, years of drinking, and smoking accounted for. RESULTS CDs relative to HCs showed higher VS rsFC with the left inferior frontal cortex (IFC), lower VS rsFC with the hippocampus, and higher DS rsFC with the left orbitofrontal cortex. Region-of-interest analyses confirmed the findings in the 2 cohorts examined separately. In CDs, VS-left IFC and VS-hippocampus connectivity was positively and negatively correlated with average monthly cocaine use in the prior year, respectively. In the second cohort where participants were assessed with the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), VS-left IFC and VS-hippocampus connectivity was also positively and negatively correlated with BIS-11 scores in CDs. In contrast, DS-orbitofrontal cortex connectivity did not relate significantly to cocaine use metrics or BIS-11 scores. CONCLUSION These findings associate VS rsFC with impulsivity and the severity of recent cocaine use. How DS connectivity partakes in cocaine misuse remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Psychology, Youth Mental Health Education Center, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Thang M Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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29
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Gore F, Hernandez M, Ramakrishnan C, Crow AK, Malenka RC, Deisseroth K. Orbitofrontal cortex control of striatum leads economic decision-making. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1566-1574. [PMID: 37592039 PMCID: PMC10471500 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Animals must continually evaluate stimuli in their environment to decide which opportunities to pursue, and in many cases these decisions can be understood in fundamentally economic terms. Although several brain regions have been individually implicated in these processes, the brain-wide mechanisms relating these regions in decision-making are unclear. Using an economic decision-making task adapted for rats, we find that neural activity in both of two connected brain regions, the ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the dorsomedial striatum (DMS), was required for economic decision-making. Relevant neural activity in both brain regions was strikingly similar, dominated by the spatial features of the decision-making process. However, the neural encoding of choice direction in OFC preceded that of DMS, and this temporal relationship was strongly correlated with choice accuracy. Furthermore, activity specifically in the OFC projection to the DMS was required for appropriate economic decision-making. These results demonstrate that choice information in the OFC is relayed to the DMS to lead accurate economic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity Gore
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Hernandez
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charu Ramakrishnan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ailey K Crow
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert C Malenka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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30
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Li WR, Nakano T, Mizutani K, Matsubara T, Kawatani M, Mukai Y, Danjo T, Ito H, Aizawa H, Yamanaka A, Petersen CCH, Yoshimoto J, Yamashita T. Neural mechanisms underlying uninstructed orofacial movements during reward-based learning behaviors. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3436-3451.e7. [PMID: 37536343 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
During reward-based learning tasks, animals make orofacial movements that globally influence brain activity at the timings of reward expectation and acquisition. These orofacial movements are not explicitly instructed and typically appear along with goal-directed behaviors. Here, we show that reinforcing optogenetic stimulation of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (oDAS) in mice is sufficient to induce orofacial movements in the whiskers and nose without accompanying goal-directed behaviors. Pavlovian conditioning with a sensory cue and oDAS elicited cue-locked and oDAS-aligned orofacial movements, which were distinguishable by a machine-learning model. Inhibition or knockout of dopamine D1 receptors in the nucleus accumbens inhibited oDAS-induced motion but spared cue-locked motion, suggesting differential regulation of these two types of orofacial motions. In contrast, inactivation of the whisker primary motor cortex (wM1) abolished both types of orofacial movements. We found specific neuronal populations in wM1 representing either oDAS-aligned or cue-locked whisker movements. Notably, optogenetic stimulation of wM1 neurons successfully replicated these two types of movements. Our results thus suggest that accumbal D1-receptor-dependent and -independent neuronal signals converge in the wM1 for facilitating distinct uninstructed orofacial movements during a reward-based learning task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ru Li
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Functional Anatomy & Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Department of Computational Biology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan; International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kohta Mizutani
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsubara
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawatani
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Functional Anatomy & Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Mukai
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Teruko Danjo
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hikaru Ito
- Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; Research Facility Center for Science and Technology, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hidenori Aizawa
- Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Carl C H Petersen
- Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Junichiro Yoshimoto
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan; International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; Department of Biomedical Data Science, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Yamashita
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.
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31
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Jones BO, Paladino MS, Cruz AM, Spencer HF, Kahanek PL, Scarborough LN, Georges SF, Smith RJ. Punishment resistance for cocaine is associated with inflexible habits in rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.08.544242. [PMID: 37333299 PMCID: PMC10274925 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.544242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is characterized by continued drug use despite negative consequences. In an animal model, a subset of rats continues to self-administer cocaine despite footshock consequences, showing punishment resistance. We sought to test the hypothesis that punishment resistance arises from failure to exert goal-directed control over habitual cocaine seeking. While habits are not inherently permanent or maladaptive, continued use of habits under conditions that should encourage goal-directed control makes them maladaptive and inflexible. We trained male and female Sprague Dawley rats on a seeking-taking chained schedule of cocaine self-administration (2 h/day). We then exposed them to 4 days of punishment testing, in which footshock (0.4 mA, 0.3 s) was delivered randomly on one-third of trials, immediately following completion of seeking and prior to extension of the taking lever. Before and after punishment testing (4 days pre-punishment and ≥4 days post-punishment), we assessed whether cocaine seeking was goal-directed or habitual using outcome devaluation via cocaine satiety. We found that punishment resistance was associated with continued use of habits, whereas punishment sensitivity was associated with increased goal-directed control. Although punishment resistance was not predicted by habitual responding pre-punishment, it was associated with habitual responding post-punishment. In parallel studies of food self-administration, we similarly observed that punishment resistance was associated with habitual responding post-punishment but not pre-punishment. These findings indicate that punishment resistance is related to habits that have become inflexible and persist under conditions that should encourage a transition to goal-directed behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley O. Jones
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Morgan S. Paladino
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Adelis M. Cruz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Haley F. Spencer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Payton L. Kahanek
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lauren N. Scarborough
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sandra F. Georges
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rachel J. Smith
- Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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32
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Liu M, Mu S, Han W, Tan X, Liu E, Hang Z, Zhu S, Yue Q, Sun J. Dopamine D1 receptor in orbitofrontal cortex to dorsal striatum pathway modulates methamphetamine addiction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 671:96-104. [PMID: 37300946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-dorsal striatum (DS) is an important neural circuit that contributes to addictive behavior, including compulsive reinforcement, yet the specific types of neurons that play a major role still need to be further elucidated. Here, we used a place conditioning paradigm to measure the conditioned responses to methamphetamine (MA). The results demonstrated that MA increases the expression of c-Fos, synaptic plasticity in OFC and DS. Patch-clamp recording showed that MA activated projection neurons from the OFC to the DS, and chemogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity in OFC-DS projection neurons affects conditioned place preference (CPP) scores. And the combined patch-electrochemical technique was used to detect the DA release in OFC, the data indicated that the DA release was increased in MA group. Additionally, SCH23390, a D1R antagonist, was used to verify the function of D1R projection neurons, showing that SCH23390 reversed MA addiction-like behavior. Collectively, these findings provide evidence for the D1R neuron is sufficient to regulate MA addiction in the OFC-DS pathway, and the study provides new insight into the underlying mechanism of pathological changes in MA addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shouhong Mu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weikai Han
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Tan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - E Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaofang Hang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaowei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingwei Yue
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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33
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McNally GP, Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel P, Millan EZ, Lawrence AJ. Pathways to the persistence of drug use despite its adverse consequences. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2228-2237. [PMID: 36997610 PMCID: PMC10611585 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of drug taking despite its adverse consequences plays a central role in the presentation, diagnosis, and impacts of addiction. Eventual recognition and appraisal of these adverse consequences is central to decisions to reduce or cease use. However, the most appropriate ways of conceptualizing persistence in the face of adverse consequences remain unclear. Here we review evidence that there are at least three pathways to persistent use despite the negative consequences of that use. A cognitive pathway for recognition of adverse consequences, a motivational pathway for valuation of these consequences, and a behavioral pathway for responding to these adverse consequences. These pathways are dynamic, not linear, with multiple possible trajectories between them, and each is sufficient to produce persistence. We describe these pathways, their characteristics, brain cellular and circuit substrates, and we highlight their relevance to different pathways to self- and treatment-guided behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavan P McNally
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | | | - E Zayra Millan
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lawrence
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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34
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Carhart-Harris RL, Chandaria S, Erritzoe DE, Gazzaley A, Girn M, Kettner H, Mediano PAM, Nutt DJ, Rosas FE, Roseman L, Timmermann C, Weiss B, Zeifman RJ, Friston KJ. Canalization and plasticity in psychopathology. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109398. [PMID: 36584883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This theoretical article revives a classical bridging construct, canalization, to describe a new model of a general factor of psychopathology. To achieve this, we have distinguished between two types of plasticity, an early one that we call 'TEMP' for 'Temperature or Entropy Mediated Plasticity', and another, we call 'canalization', which is close to Hebbian plasticity. These two forms of plasticity can be most easily distinguished by their relationship to 'precision' or inverse variance; TEMP relates to increased model variance or decreased precision, whereas the opposite is true for canalization. TEMP also subsumes increased learning rate, (Ising) temperature and entropy. Dictionary definitions of 'plasticity' describe it as the property of being easily shaped or molded; TEMP is the better match for this. Importantly, we propose that 'pathological' phenotypes develop via mechanisms of canalization or increased model precision, as a defensive response to adversity and associated distress or dysphoria. Our model states that canalization entrenches in psychopathology, narrowing the phenotypic state-space as the agent develops expertise in their pathology. We suggest that TEMP - combined with gently guiding psychological support - can counter canalization. We address questions of whether and when canalization is adaptive versus maladaptive, furnish our model with references to basic and human neuroscience, and offer concrete experiments and measures to test its main hypotheses and implications. This article is part of the Special Issue on "National Institutes of Health Psilocybin Research Speaker Series".
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Carhart-Harris
- Psychedelics Division - Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - S Chandaria
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, UK; Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Study, University of London, UK
| | - D E Erritzoe
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; CNWL-Imperial Psychopharmacology and Psychedelic Research Clinic (CIPPRS), UK
| | - A Gazzaley
- Psychedelics Division - Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - M Girn
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - H Kettner
- Psychedelics Division - Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - P A M Mediano
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - D J Nutt
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - F E Rosas
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, UK; Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, UK; Centre for Complexity Science, Imperial College London, UK
| | - L Roseman
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; CNWL-Imperial Psychopharmacology and Psychedelic Research Clinic (CIPPRS), UK
| | - C Timmermann
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; CNWL-Imperial Psychopharmacology and Psychedelic Research Clinic (CIPPRS), UK
| | - B Weiss
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; CNWL-Imperial Psychopharmacology and Psychedelic Research Clinic (CIPPRS), UK
| | - R J Zeifman
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, UK; NYU Langone Center for Psychedelic Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA
| | - K J Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, UK
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35
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Cell-type specific synaptic plasticity in dorsal striatum is associated with punishment-resistance compulsive-like cocaine self-administration in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:448-458. [PMID: 36071131 PMCID: PMC9852591 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01429-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Addiction-related compulsion-like behavior can be modeled in rodents with drug self-administration (SA) despite harmful consequences. Recent studies suggest that the potentiation of glutamatergic transmission at the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) to dorsal striatum (DS) synapses drives the transition from controlled to compulsion-like SA. However, the timing of the induction of this synaptic plasticity remains elusive. Here, mice were first allowed to intravenously self-administer cocaine. When mice had to endure a risk of electrical foot shock, only a fraction persevered in cocaine SA. In these persevering mice, we recorded high A/N ratios (AMPA-R/NMDA-R: α-amino-3hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor) in both types of spiny projection neurons (i.e., D1 and D2 dopamine receptor-expressing SPNs). By contrast, when we prepared slices at the end of the acquisition period, in all mice, the A/N was high in D1R- but not D2R-SPNs. These results indicate that the transition to compulsion-like cocaine SA emerges during the punishment sessions, where synapses onto D2R-SPNs are strengthened. In renouncing individuals, the cocaine-evoked strengthening in D1R-SPNs is lost. Our study thus reveals the cell-type specific sequence of the induction of plasticity that eventually may cause compulsion-like SA.
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36
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Perrusquia-Hernández E, Andrade-González RD, Cifuentes-Mendiola SE, Montes-Angeles CD, Zepeda-Reyes KI, Pérez-Martínez IO. Chemosensory representation of first-time oral exposure to ethanol in the orbitofrontal cortex of mice. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:417-425. [PMID: 36571635 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intermittent ethanol consumption changes the neuronal activity of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in rodents, which has been attributed to important participation in the development of addiction, particularly alcoholism. The OFC participates in gustatory sensory integration. However, it is unknown whether this region can encode chemosensory elements of oral ethanol administration independently of the consumption movement (orofacial motor response) when administered for the first time (naïve mice). To answer this question, we used a sedated mouse model and a temporary analysis protocol to register extracellular neuronal responses during the oral administration of ethanol. Our results show an increase in neuronal frequency (in the first 500 ms) when low (0.6, 1, and 2.1 M) and high (3.2, 4.3, and 8.6 M) concentrations of ethanol are orally administered. The modulatory effect of ethanol was observed from low and high concentrations and differed from the tastants. There was consistent neuronal activity independent of the concentration of ethanol. Our results demonstrate a sensory representation of oral ethanol stimulation in the OFC neurons of naïve mice under sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Perrusquia-Hernández
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.,Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R D Andrade-González
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.,Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S E Cifuentes-Mendiola
- Sección de Osteoinmunología e Inmunidad Oral, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C D Montes-Angeles
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - K I Zepeda-Reyes
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - Isaac Obed Pérez-Martínez
- Sección de Neurobiología de las Sensaciones Orales, Laboratorio de Investigación Odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.
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37
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Beck A, Ebrahimi C, Rosenthal A, Charlet K, Heinz A. The Dopamine System in Mediating Alcohol Effects in Humans. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 36705911 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Brain-imaging studies show that the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is determined by a complex interaction of different neurotransmitter systems and multiple psychological factors. In this context, the dopaminergic reinforcement system appears to be of fundamental importance. We focus on the excitatory and depressant effects of acute versus chronic alcohol intake and its impact on dopaminergic neurotransmission. Furthermore, we describe alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission as associated with symptoms of alcohol dependence. We specifically focus on neuroadaptations to chronic alcohol consumption and their effect on central processing of alcohol-associated and reward-related stimuli. Altered reward processing, complex conditioning processes, impaired reinforcement learning, and increased salience attribution to alcohol-associated stimuli enable alcohol cues to drive alcohol seeking and consumption. Finally, we will discuss how the neurobiological and neurochemical mechanisms of alcohol-associated alterations in reward processing and learning can interact with stress, cognition, and emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Beck
- Faculty of Health, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claudia Ebrahimi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Charlet
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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38
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Liang M, Chen G, Xi Z, Qian H, Shang Q, Gao B, An R, Shao G, Wang Z, Wang J, Xiao J, Li T, Liu X. The roles of K +-dependent Na +/Ca 2+ exchanger 2 (NCKX2) in methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization and conditioned place preference in mice. Neurosci Lett 2023; 792:136952. [PMID: 36336087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Drug addiction, including methamphetamine (METH) addiction, is a significant public health and social issue. Perturbations in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis are associated with drug addiction. K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 2 (NCKX2) is located on neuronal cell membranes and constitutes a Ca2+ clearance mechanism, with key roles in synaptic plasticity. NCKX2 is associated with motor learning, memory, and cognitive functions. However, the role of NCKX2 in METH addiction remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression levels of NCKX2 in four addiction-related brain regions: the prefrontal cortex (PFc), nucleus accumbens (NAc), dorsal striatum (DS), and hippocampus (Hip) in a C57/BL6 mouse model of METH-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and behavioral sensitization. Levels of NCKX2 were unchanged in these brain regions in mice with METH-induced CPP but were decreased in the PFc and NAc of mice with METH-induced behavioral sensitization. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of NCKX2 in the PFc attenuated the expression phase of METH-induced behavioral sensitization in mice, whereas AAV-mediated knockdown of NCKX2 enhanced the effects of METH. Collectively, our results suggest that NCKX2 is involved in METH-induced behavioral sensitization but does not affect conditioned reward-related memory, highlighting the potential of NCKX2 as a molecular target for studying the mechanisms underscoring METH addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijia Xi
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyan Qian
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing Shang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baoyao Gao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ran An
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaojie Shao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhirong Wang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Li
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinshe Liu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bioevidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Mesolimbic dopamine adapts the rate of learning from action. Nature 2023; 614:294-302. [PMID: 36653450 PMCID: PMC9908546 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent success in training artificial agents and robots derives from a combination of direct learning of behavioural policies and indirect learning through value functions1-3. Policy learning and value learning use distinct algorithms that optimize behavioural performance and reward prediction, respectively. In animals, behavioural learning and the role of mesolimbic dopamine signalling have been extensively evaluated with respect to reward prediction4; however, so far there has been little consideration of how direct policy learning might inform our understanding5. Here we used a comprehensive dataset of orofacial and body movements to understand how behavioural policies evolved as naive, head-restrained mice learned a trace conditioning paradigm. Individual differences in initial dopaminergic reward responses correlated with the emergence of learned behavioural policy, but not the emergence of putative value encoding for a predictive cue. Likewise, physiologically calibrated manipulations of mesolimbic dopamine produced several effects inconsistent with value learning but predicted by a neural-network-based model that used dopamine signals to set an adaptive rate, not an error signal, for behavioural policy learning. This work provides strong evidence that phasic dopamine activity can regulate direct learning of behavioural policies, expanding the explanatory power of reinforcement learning models for animal learning6.
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Goutaudier R, Joly F, Mallet D, Bartolomucci M, Guicherd D, Carcenac C, Vossier F, Dufourd T, Boulet S, Deransart C, Chovelon B, Carnicella S. Hypodopaminergic state of the nigrostriatal pathway drives compulsive alcohol use. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:463-474. [PMID: 36376463 PMCID: PMC9812783 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01848-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The neurobiological mechanisms underlying compulsive alcohol use, a cardinal feature of alcohol use disorder, remain elusive. The key modulator of motivational processes, dopamine (DA), is suspected to play an important role in this pathology, but its exact role remains to be determined. Here, we found that rats expressing compulsive-like alcohol use, operationalized as punishment-resistant self-administration, showed a decrease in DA levels restricted to the dorsolateral territories of the striatum, the main output structure of the nigrostriatal DA pathway. We then causally demonstrated that chemogenetic-induced selective hypodopaminergia of this pathway resulted in compulsive-like alcohol self-administration in otherwise resilient rats, accompanied by the emergence of alcohol withdrawal-like motivational impairments (i.e., impaired motivation for a natural reinforcer). Finally, the use of the monoamine stabilizer OSU6162, previously reported to correct hypodopaminergic states, transiently decreased compulsive-like alcohol self-administration in vulnerable rats. These results suggest a potential critical role of tonic nigrostriatal hypodopaminergic states in alcohol addiction and provide new insights into our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying compulsive alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Goutaudier
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fanny Joly
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - David Mallet
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Magali Bartolomucci
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Guicherd
- grid.410529.b0000 0001 0792 4829Service de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire, Toxicologie Environnementale, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes Site Nord − Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Carole Carcenac
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frédérique Vossier
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thibault Dufourd
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sabrina Boulet
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Colin Deransart
- grid.462307.40000 0004 0429 3736Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Chovelon
- grid.410529.b0000 0001 0792 4829Service de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire, Toxicologie Environnementale, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes Site Nord − Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, F-38041 Grenoble, France ,grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sebastien Carnicella
- Inserm, U1216, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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Chen Y, Wang G, Zhang W, Han Y, Zhang L, Xu H, Meng S, Lu L, Xue Y, Shi J. An orbitofrontal cortex-anterior insular cortex circuit gates compulsive cocaine use. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq5745. [PMID: 36563158 PMCID: PMC9788779 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq5745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Compulsive drug use, a cardinal symptom of drug addiction, is characterized by persistent substance use despite adverse consequences. However, little is known about the neural circuit mechanisms behind this behavior. Using a footshock-punished cocaine self-administration procedure, we found individual variability of rats in the process of drug addiction, and rats with compulsive cocaine use presented increased neural activity of the anterior insular cortex (aIC) compared with noncompulsive rats. Chemogenetic manipulating activity of aIC neurons, especially aIC glutamatergic neurons, bidirectionally regulated compulsive cocaine intake. Furthermore, the aIC received inputs from the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and the OFC-aIC circuit was enhanced in rats with compulsive cocaine use. Suppression of the OFC-aIC circuit switched rats from punishment resistance to sensitivity, while potentiation of this circuit increased compulsive cocaine use. In conclusion, our results found that aIC glutamatergic neurons and the OFC-aIC circuit gated the shift from controlled to compulsive cocaine use, which could serve as potential therapeutic targets for drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Hubo Xu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shiqiu Meng
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lin Lu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanxue Xue
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- The Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- The Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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42
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Wu L, Xu J, Song K, Zhu L, Zhou N, Xu L, Liu G, Wang Z, Wang R, Qin S, Fang X, Zhang J, Potenza MN. Emotional bias modification weakens game-related compulsivity and reshapes frontostriatal pathways. Brain 2022; 145:4210-4221. [PMID: 35861265 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Addiction is characterized by compulsive engagement despite adverse consequences. Psychobehavioural interventions targeting compulsivity in addictions are relatively rare, particularly for behavioural addictions like internet gaming disorder (IGD). Free from confounding drug-on-brain effects, IGD provides a promising model for understanding neuropsychological processes of addictions. IGD is a global concern in the setting of increasing internet use worldwide. Thus, developing interventions and understanding their mechanisms of action are important. Positive emotional association biases (EABs) towards addiction cues based on reward conditioning may underlie addiction-associated compulsivity. Here, we developed an EAB modification (EABM) protocol and examined whether modifying EABs via cognitive training would alter neurocognitive aspects of addiction-associated compulsivity in IGD. We recruited 90 IGD participants who were randomly assigned to receive EABM or sham training in a 1:1 ratio (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04068064). The EABM intervention involved six consecutive days of exposure to negative emotional terms linked to gaming stimuli and positive terms linked to non-gaming healthy-alternative stimuli. The sham training involved similar stimuli linked to neutral words. Participants underwent event-related functional MRI while performing a regulation-of-craving task and received several behavioural assessments pretraining and post-training. Primary efficacy measures were changes in gaming-related positive EABs, and compulsive gaming thoughts and behaviours. Behaviourally, EABM (versus sham) training decreased gaming-related positive EABs and compulsive gaming thoughts and behaviours. Neurally, EABM training involved decreased activation in the bilateral dorsal striatum in the regulation-of-craving task and altered left dorsal striatum-centric functional connectivity with ventral prefrontal cortical regions, which correlated with decreases in gaming-related EABs or compulsive gaming thoughts and behaviours. EABM training also implicated activation changes in the right medial frontal gyrus and posterior insula. EABM may reduce compulsive gaming thoughts and behaviours via reshaping functional organization of frontostriatal pathways and insular activity in IGD. The therapeutic potential of EABM should be examined in larger, longer-term studies, as should its application to other addictive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahua Xu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kunru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Linxuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanqun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaozheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.,CT Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, USA.,Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Petrelli F, Zehnder T, Laugeray A, Mondoloni S, Calì C, Pucci L, Molinero Perez A, Bondiolotti BM, De Oliveira Figueiredo E, Dallerac G, Déglon N, Giros B, Magrassi L, Mothet JP, Mameli M, Simmler LD, Bezzi P. Disruption of Astrocyte-Dependent Dopamine Control in the Developing Medial Prefrontal Cortex Leads to Excessive Grooming in Mice. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 93:966-975. [PMID: 36958999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astrocytes control synaptic activity by modulating perisynaptic concentrations of ions and neurotransmitters including dopamine (DA) and, as such, could be involved in the modulating aspects of mammalian behavior. METHODS We produced a conditional deletion of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) specifically in astrocytes (aVMTA2cKO mice) and studied the effects of the lack of VMAT2 in prefrontal cortex (PFC) astrocytes on the regulation of DA levels, PFC circuit functions, and behavioral processes. RESULTS We found a significant reduction of medial PFC (mPFC) DA levels and excessive grooming and compulsive repetitive behaviors in aVMAT2cKO mice. The mice also developed a synaptic pathology, expressed through increased relative AMPA versus NMDA receptor currents in synapses of the dorsal striatum receiving inputs from the mPFC. Importantly, behavioral and synaptic phenotypes were rescued by re-expression of mPFC VMAT2 and L-DOPA treatment, showing that the deficits were driven by mPFC astrocytes that are critically involved in developmental DA homeostasis. By analyzing human tissue samples, we found that VMAT2 is expressed in human PFC astrocytes, corroborating the potential translational relevance of our observations in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that impairment of the astrocytic control of DA in the mPFC leads to symptoms resembling obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders such as trichotillomania and has a profound impact on circuit function and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Petrelli
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tamara Zehnder
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Laugeray
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Mondoloni
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Calì
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Pucci
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alicia Molinero Perez
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Glenn Dallerac
- Centre de Recherche en Neurobiologie et Neurophysiologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université UMR7286 CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Nicole Déglon
- Neurosciences Research Center, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Giros
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lorenzo Magrassi
- Neurosurgery, Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Mothet
- Centre de Recherche en Neurobiologie et Neurophysiologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université UMR7286 CNRS, Marseille, France; "Biophotonics and Synapse Physiopathology" Team, UMR9188 CNRS - ENS Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Manuel Mameli
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Linda D Simmler
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Paola Bezzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Jadhav KS, Boury Jamot B, Deroche‐Gamonet V, Belin D, Boutrel B. Towards a machine-learning assisted diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and their operationalization in preclinical research: Evidence from studies on addiction-like behaviour in individual rats. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:6069-6083. [PMID: 36215170 PMCID: PMC10092243 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, there has been a progressive transition from a categorical to a dimensional approach to psychiatric disorders. Especially in the case of substance use disorders, interest in the individual vulnerability to transition from controlled to compulsive drug taking warrants the development of novel dimension-based objective stratification tools. Here we drew on a multidimensional preclinical model of addiction, namely the 3-criteria model, previously developed to identify the neurobehavioural basis of the individual's vulnerability to switch from controlled to compulsive drug taking, to test a machine-learning assisted classifier objectively to identify individual subjects as vulnerable/resistant to addiction. Datasets from our previous studies on addiction-like behaviour for cocaine or alcohol were fed into a variety of machine-learning algorithms to develop a classifier that identifies resilient and vulnerable rats with high precision and reproducibility irrespective of the cohort to which they belong. A classifier based on K-median or K-mean-clustering (for cocaine or alcohol, respectively) followed by artificial neural networks emerged as a highly reliable and accurate tool to predict if a single rat is vulnerable/resilient to addiction. Thus, each rat previously characterized as displaying 0-criterion (i.e., resilient) or 3-criteria (i.e., vulnerable) in individual cohorts was correctly labelled by this classifier. The present machine-learning-based classifier objectively labels single individuals as resilient or vulnerable to developing addiction-like behaviour in a multisymptomatic preclinical model of addiction-like behaviour in rats. This novel dimension-based classifier increases the heuristic value of these preclinical models while providing proof of principle to deploy similar tools for the future of diagnosis of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij S. Jadhav
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of PsychiatryLausanne University HospitalLausanneSwitzerland
- Cambridge Laboratory for Research on Impulsive/Compulsive spectrum Disorders (CLIC), Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Benjamin Boury Jamot
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of PsychiatryLausanne University HospitalLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - David Belin
- Cambridge Laboratory for Research on Impulsive/Compulsive spectrum Disorders (CLIC), Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Benjamin Boutrel
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of PsychiatryLausanne University HospitalLausanneSwitzerland
- Division of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Department of PsychiatryLausanne University HospitalLausanneSwitzerland
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Jacobs DS, Allen MC, Park J, Moghaddam B. Learning of probabilistic punishment as a model of anxiety produces changes in action but not punisher encoding in the dmPFC and VTA. eLife 2022; 11:e78912. [PMID: 36102386 PMCID: PMC9525102 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we developed a novel model for anxiety during motivated behavior by training rats to perform a task where actions executed to obtain a reward were probabilistically punished and observed that after learning, neuronal activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) represent the relationship between action and punishment risk (Park and Moghaddam, 2017). Here, we used male and female rats to expand on the previous work by focusing on neural changes in the dmPFC and VTA that were associated with the learning of probabilistic punishment, and anxiolytic treatment with diazepam after learning. We find that adaptive neural responses of dmPFC and VTA during the learning of anxiogenic contingencies are independent from the punisher experience and occur primarily during the peri-action and reward period. Our results also identify peri-action ramping of VTA neural calcium activity, and VTA-dmPFC correlated activity, as potential markers for the anxiolytic properties of diazepam.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Jacobs
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Madeleine C Allen
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Junchol Park
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical InstituteAshburnUnited States
| | - Bita Moghaddam
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
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Fredriksson I, Jayaram-Lindström N, Kalivas PW, Melas PA, Steensland P. N-acetylcysteine improves impulse control and attenuates relapse-like alcohol intake in long-term drinking rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 436:114089. [PMID: 36063970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) present with a disrupted glutamatergic system that underlies core components of addictive disorders, including drug relapse and low impulse control. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a cystine prodrug that has been found to promote glutamate homeostasis and drug abstinence. However, no studies to date have evaluated NAC's effect on impulsivity in substance use disorders. Here we determined whether NAC would decrease alcohol-intake behaviors, in addition to improving impulse control, in long-term alcohol drinking male Wistar-Han rats. Before the start of the experiments, all rats were exposed to long-term intermittent access to 20% ethanol for at least seven weeks. Next, in different groups of rats, the effect of NAC (60 and/or 90mg/kg) was evaluated on (i) voluntary alcohol drinking using a two-bottle free choice paradigm, (ii) the motivation to self-administer alcohol under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement, and (iii) relapse-like drinking using the alcohol deprivation effect model. Finally, (iv) NAC's effect on impulse control was evaluated using the five-choice serial reaction time task. Results showed that NAC administration at 90mg/kg significantly reduced relapse-like drinking and improved impulse control. In contrast, NAC had no effect on levels of alcohol drinking or motivation to drink alcohol. In conclusion, our findings continue to support the use of NAC as an adjuvant treatment for the maintenance of abstinence in AUD. Moreover, we provide evidence for NAC's efficacy in improving impulse control following drinking, which warrants further investigation in substance use settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Fredriksson
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nitya Jayaram-Lindström
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter W Kalivas
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Ralph Johnson Veterans Administration, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Philippe A Melas
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, L8:00, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pia Steensland
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, 11364 Stockholm, Sweden
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Diet-induced inflammation in the anterior paraventricular thalamus induces compulsive sucrose-seeking. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:1009-1013. [PMID: 35915173 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Overconsumption of palatable food may initiate neuroadaptive responses in brain reward circuitry that may contribute to eating disorders. Here we report that high-fat diet (HFD) consumption impedes threat-cue-induced suppression of sucrose-seeking in mice. This compulsive sucrose-seeking was due to enhanced cue-triggered neuronal activity in the anterior paraventricular thalamus (aPVT) resulting from HFD-induced microglia activation. Thus, metabolic inflammation in the aPVT produces an adaptive response to threat cues, leading to compulsive food-seeking.
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Price RB, Ferrarelli F, Hanlon C, Gillan CM, Kim T, Siegle GJ, Wallace ML, Renard M, Kaskie R, Degutis M, Wears A, Brown V, Rengasamy M, Ahmari SE. Resting-State Functional Connectivity Differences Following Experimental Manipulation of the Orbitofrontal Cortex in Two Directions via Theta-Burst Stimulation. Clin Psychol Sci 2022; 11:77-89. [PMID: 37041763 PMCID: PMC10085574 DOI: 10.1177/21677026221103136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Compulsive behaviors (CBs) have been linked to orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) function in animal and human studies. However, brain regions function not in isolation but as components of widely distributed brain networks—such as those indexed via resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). Sixty-nine individuals with CB disorders were randomized to receive a single session of neuromodulation targeting the left OFC—intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) or continuous TBS (cTBS)—followed immediately by computer-based behavioral “habit override” training. OFC seeds were used to quantify RSFC following iTBS and following cTBS. Relative to cTBS, iTBS showed increased RSFC between right OFC (Brodmann’s area 47) and other areas, including dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), occipital cortex, and a priori dorsal and ventral striatal regions. RSFC connectivity effects were correlated with OFC/frontopolar target engagement and with subjective difficulty during habit-override training. Findings help reveal neural network-level impacts of neuromodulation paired with a specific behavioral context, informing mechanistic intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca B. Price
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | | | | | - Tae Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Wears
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
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Simmler LD, Li Y, Hadjas LC, Hiver A, van Zessen R, Lüscher C. Dual action of ketamine confines addiction liability. Nature 2022; 608:368-373. [PMID: 35896744 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04993-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine is used clinically as an anaesthetic and a fast-acting antidepressant, and recreationally for its dissociative properties, raising concerns of addiction as a possible side effect. Addictive drugs such as cocaine increase the levels of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens. This facilitates synaptic plasticity in the mesolimbic system, which causes behavioural adaptations and eventually drives the transition to compulsion1-4. The addiction liability of ketamine is a matter of much debate, in part because of its complex pharmacology that among several targets includes N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) antagonism5,6. Here we show that ketamine does not induce the synaptic plasticity that is typically observed with addictive drugs in mice, despite eliciting robust dopamine transients in the nucleus accumbens. Ketamine nevertheless supported reinforcement through the disinhibition of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). This effect was mediated by NMDAR antagonism in GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) neurons of the VTA, but was quickly terminated by type-2 dopamine receptors on dopamine neurons. The rapid off-kinetics of the dopamine transients along with the NMDAR antagonism precluded the induction of synaptic plasticity in the VTA and the nucleus accumbens, and did not elicit locomotor sensitization or uncontrolled self-administration. In summary, the dual action of ketamine leads to a unique constellation of dopamine-driven positive reinforcement, but low addiction liability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D Simmler
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lotfi C Hadjas
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Agnès Hiver
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ruud van Zessen
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lüscher
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Service de Neurologie, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Inactivation of the Lateral Hypothalamus Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference through Regulation of Kcnq3 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137305. [PMID: 35806315 PMCID: PMC9266452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated administration of methylamphetamine (MA) induces MA addiction, which is featured by awfully unpleasant physical and emotional experiences after drug use is terminated. Neurophysiological studies show that the lateral hypothalamus (LH) is involved in reward development and addictive behaviors. Here, we show that repeated administration of MA activates the expression of c-Fos in LH neurons responding to conditioned place preference (CPP). Chemogenetic inhibition of the LH can disrupt the addiction behavior, demonstrating that the LH plays an important role in MA-induced reward processing. Critically, MA remodels the neurons of LH synaptic plasticity, increases intracellular calcium level, and enhances spontaneous current and evoked potentials of neurons compared to the saline group. Furthermore, overexpression of the potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 3 (Kcnq3) expression can reverse the CPP score and alleviate the occurrence of addictive behaviors. Together, these results unravel a new neurobiological mechanism underlying the MA-induced addiction in the lateral hypothalamus, which could pave the way toward new and effective interventions for this addiction disease.
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