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López-Urías F, Rubio-Ponce A, Muñoz-Sandoval E, Sánchez-Ochoa F. Twisted graphene superlattices: resonating valence bond states and magnetic properties. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:405802. [PMID: 38941991 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad5d38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Resonating valence bond (RVB) states are fundamental for understanding quantum spin liquids in two-dimensional (2D) systems. The RVB state is a collective phenomenon in which spins are uncoupled. 2D lattices such as triangular, honeycomb, and dice lattices were investigated using the Hubbard model and exact diagonalization method. We analyzed the total spin, spin-spin correlation functions, local magnetic moments, and spin and charge gaps as a function of on-site Coulomb repulsion, electron concentration, and electronic hopping parameters. Phase diagrams showed that RVB states can live in half-filled and hole-doped anisotropic triangular lattices. We found two types of RVB states: one in the honeycomb sublattice and the other in the centered hexagons in the triangular lattices. Owing to the novel discovery of exotic magnetic ordering in triangular moiré patterns in twisted bilayer graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide systems, our results provide physical insights into the onset of magnetism and possible spin liquid states in these layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentino López-Urías
- División de Materiales Avanzados, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col Lomas 4a sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Alberto Rubio-Ponce
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, Ciudad de México, C.P. 02200, Mexico
| | - Emilio Muñoz-Sandoval
- División de Materiales Avanzados, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col Lomas 4a sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Ochoa
- Departamento de Materia Condensada, Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 20-364, Ciudad de México, C.P. 01000, Mexico
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2
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Hu S, Qiao J, Gu G, Xue QK, Zhang D. Vortex entropy and superconducting fluctuations in ultrathin underdoped Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+x superconductor. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4818. [PMID: 38844439 PMCID: PMC11156657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Vortices in superconductors can help identify emergent phenomena but certain fundamental aspects of vortices, such as their entropy, remain poorly understood. Here, we study the vortex entropy in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x by measuring both magneto-resistivity and Nernst effect on ultrathin flakes (≤2 unit-cell). We extract the London penetration depth from the magneto-transport measurements on samples with different doping levels. It reveals that the superfluid phase stiffness ρs scales linearly with the superconducting transition temperature Tc, down to the extremely underdoped case. On the same batch of ultrathin flakes, we measure the Nernst effect via on-chip thermometry. Together, we obtain the vortex entropy and find that it decays exponentially with Tc or ρs. We further analyze the Nernst signal above Tc in the framework of Gaussian superconducting fluctuations. The combination of electrical and thermoelectric measurements in the two-dimensional limit provides fresh insight into high temperature superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Qi-Kun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, China.
| | - Ding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, China.
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, Japan.
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3
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Wang H, Harbola V, Wu YJ, van Aken PA, Mannhart J. Interface Design beyond Epitaxy: Oxide Heterostructures Comprising Symmetry-Forbidden Interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405065. [PMID: 38838331 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Epitaxial growth of thin-film heterostructures is generally considered the most successful procedure to obtain interfaces of excellent structural and electronic quality between 3D materials. However, these interfaces can only join material systems with crystal lattices of matching symmetries and lattice constants. This article presents a novel category of interfaces, the fabrication of which is membrane-based and does not require epitaxial growth. These interfaces therefore overcome the limitations imposed by epitaxy. Leveraging the additional degrees of freedom gained, atomically clean interfaces are demonstrated between threefold symmetric sapphire and fourfold symmetric SrTiO3. Atomic-resolution imaging reveals structurally well-defined interfaces with a novel moiré-type reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Varun Harbola
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yu-Jung Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter A van Aken
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Mannhart
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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Meng K, Zhang X, Song B, Li BZ, Kong X, Huang S, Yang X, Jin X, Wu Y, Nie J, Cao GH, Li S. Layer-Dependent Superconductivity in Iron-Based Superconductors CsCa 2Fe 4As 4F 2 and CaKFe 4As 4. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6821-6827. [PMID: 38787786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In the quasi-two-dimensional superconductor NbSe2, the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) is layer-dependent, decreasing by about 60% in the monolayer limit. However, for the extremely anisotropic copper-based high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212), the Tc of the monolayer is almost identical with that of its bulk counterpart. To clarify the effect of dimensionality on superconductivity, here, we successfully fabricate ultrathin flakes of iron-based high-Tc superconductors CsCa2Fe4As4F2 and CaKFe4As4. It is found that the Tc of monolayer CsCa2Fe4As4F2 (after tuning to the optimal doping by ionic liquid gating) is about 20% lower than that of the bulk crystal, while the Tc of three-layer CaKFe4As4 decreases by 46%, showing a more pronounced dimensional effect than that of CsCa2Fe4As4F2. By carefully examining their anisotropy and the c-axis coherence length, we reveal the general trend and empirical law of the layer-dependent superconductivity in these quasi-two-dimensional superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Boqin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bai Zhuo Li
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiangming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Sicheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaobo Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yiyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiaying Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Guang-Han Cao
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
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5
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Patil V, Ghosh S, Basu A, Kuldeep, Dutta A, Agrawal K, Bhatia N, Shah A, Jangade DA, Kulkarni R, Thamizhavel A, Deshmukh MM. Pick-up and assembling of chemically sensitive van der Waals heterostructures using dry cryogenic exfoliation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11097. [PMID: 38750043 PMCID: PMC11096354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Assembling atomic layers of van der Waals materials (vdW) combines the physics of two materials, offering opportunities for novel functional devices. Realization of this has been possible because of advancements in nanofabrication processes which often involve chemical processing of the materials under study; this can be detrimental to device performance. To address this issue, we have developed a modified micro-manipulator setup for cryogenic exfoliation, pick up, and transfer of vdW materials to assemble heterostructures. We use the glass transition of a polymer PDMS to cleave a flake into two, followed by its pick-up and drop to form pristine twisted junctions. To demonstrate the potential of the technique, we fabricated twisted heterostructure of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (BSCCO), a van der Waals high-temperature cuprate superconductor. We also employed this method to re-exfoliate NbSe2 and make twisted heterostructure. Transport measurements of the fabricated devices indicate the high quality of the artificial twisted interface. In addition, we extend this cryogenic exfoliation method for other vdW materials, offering an effective way of assembling heterostructures and twisted junctions with pristine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilas Patil
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Sanat Ghosh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Amit Basu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Kuldeep
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Achintya Dutta
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Khushabu Agrawal
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Neha Bhatia
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Amit Shah
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Digambar A Jangade
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Ruta Kulkarni
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - A Thamizhavel
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Mandar M Deshmukh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India.
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6
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Meng K, Li Z, Chen P, Ma X, Huang J, Li J, Qin F, Qiu C, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Deng Y, Yang Y, Gu G, Hwang HY, Xue QK, Cui Y, Yuan H. Superionic fluoride gate dielectrics with low diffusion barrier for two-dimensional electronics. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01675-5. [PMID: 38750167 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Exploration of new dielectrics with a large capacitive coupling is an essential topic in modern electronics when conventional dielectrics suffer from the leakage issue near the breakdown limit. Here, to address this looming challenge, we demonstrate that rare-earth metal fluorides with extremely low ion migration barriers can generally exhibit an excellent capacitive coupling over 20 μF cm-2 (with an equivalent oxide thickness of ~0.15 nm and a large effective dielectric constant near 30) and great compatibility with scalable device manufacturing processes. Such a static dielectric capability of superionic fluorides is exemplified by MoS2 transistors exhibiting high on/off current ratios over 108, ultralow subthreshold swing of 65 mV dec-1 and ultralow leakage current density of ~10-6 A cm-2. Therefore, the fluoride-gated logic inverters can achieve notably higher static voltage gain values (surpassing ~167) compared with a conventional dielectric. Furthermore, the application of fluoride gating enables the demonstration of NAND, NOR, AND and OR logic circuits with low static energy consumption. In particular, the superconductor-insulator transition at the clean-limit Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ can also be realized through fluoride gating. Our findings highlight fluoride dielectrics as a pioneering platform for advanced electronic applications and for tailoring emergent electronic states in condensed matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Meng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeya Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingyue Ma
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junwei Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Qin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiyu Qiu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Deng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yurong Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Harold Y Hwang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qi-Kun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yi Cui
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Hongtao Yuan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Wang S, Yu Y, Hao J, Liang K, Xiang B, Zhu J, Lin Y, Pan Y, Gu G, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad249. [PMID: 38577674 PMCID: PMC10989300 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Superconducting phase transitions in two dimensions lie beyond the description of the Ginzburg-Landau symmetry-breaking paradigm for three-dimensional superconductors. They are Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transitions of paired-electron condensate driven by the unbinding of topological excitations, i.e. vortices. The recently discovered monolayers of layered high-transition-temperature ([Formula: see text]) cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) meant that this 2D superconductor promised to be ideal for the study of unconventional superconductivity. But inhomogeneity posed challenges for distinguishing BKT physics from charge correlations in this material. Here, we utilize the phase sensitivity of scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy susceptometry to image the local magnetic response of underdoped Bi2212 from the monolayer to the bulk throughout its phase transition. The monolayer segregates into domains with independent phases at elevated temperatures below [Formula: see text]. Within a single domain, we find that the susceptibility oscillates with flux between diamagnetism and paramagnetism in a Fraunhofer-like pattern up to [Formula: see text]. The finite modulation period, as well as the broadening of the peaks when approaching [Formula: see text] from below, suggests well-defined vortices that are increasingly screened by the dissociation of vortex-antivortex plasma through a BKT transition. In the multilayers, the susceptibility oscillation differs in a small temperature regime below [Formula: see text], consistent with a dimensional crossover led by interlayer coupling. Serving as strong evidence for BKT transition in the bulk, we observe a sharp jump in phase stiffness and paramagnetism at small fields just below [Formula: see text]. These results unify the superconducting phase transitions from the monolayer to the bulk underdoped Bi2212, and can be collectively referred to as the BKT transition with interlayer coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinxiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Keyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bingke Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinjiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yishi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yinping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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8
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Ghosh S, Patil V, Basu A, Kuldeep, Dutta A, Jangade DA, Kulkarni R, Thamizhavel A, Steiner JF, von Oppen F, Deshmukh MM. High-temperature Josephson diode. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:612-618. [PMID: 38321240 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01804-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Many superconducting systems with broken time-reversal and inversion symmetry show a superconducting diode effect, a non-reciprocal phenomenon analogous to semiconducting p-n-junction diodes. While the superconducting diode effect lays the foundation for realizing ultralow dissipative circuits, Josephson-phenomena-based diode effect (JDE) can enable the realization of protected qubits. The superconducting diode effect and JDE reported thus far are at low temperatures (~4 K), limiting their applications. Here we demonstrate JDE persisting up to 77 K using an artificial Josephson junction of twisted layers of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. JDE manifests as an asymmetry in the magnitude and distributions of switching currents, attaining the maximum at 45° twist. The asymmetry is induced by and tunable with a very small magnetic field applied perpendicular to the junction and arises due to interaction between Josephson and Abrikosov vortices. We report a large asymmetry of 60% at 20 K. Our results provide a path towards realizing superconducting Josephson circuits at liquid-nitrogen temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanat Ghosh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India.
| | - Vilas Patil
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Basu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Kuldeep
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Achintya Dutta
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Digambar A Jangade
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Ruta Kulkarni
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - A Thamizhavel
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Jacob F Steiner
- Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix von Oppen
- Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mandar M Deshmukh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India.
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9
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Hu W, Shen J, Wang T, Li Z, Xu Z, Lou Z, Qi H, Yan J, Wang J, Le T, Zheng X, Lu Y, Lin X. Lithium Ion Intercalation-Induced Metal-Insulator Transition in Inclined-Standing Grown 2D Non-Layered Cr 2S 3 Nanosheets. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400312. [PMID: 38654560 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Gate-controlled ionic intercalation in the van der Waals gap of 2D layered materials can induce novel phases and unlock new properties. However, this strategy is often unsuitable for densely packed 2D non-layered materials. The non-layered rhombohedral Cr2S3 is an intrinsic heterodimensional superlattice with alternating layers of 2D CrS2 and 0D Cr1/3. Here an innovative chemical vapor deposition method is reported, utilizing strategically modified metal precursors to initiate entirely new seed layers, yields ultrathin inclined-standing grown 2D Cr2S3 nanosheets with edge instead of face contact with substrate surfaces, enabling rapid all-dry transfer to other substrates while ensuring high crystal quality. The unconventional ordered vacancy channels within the 0D Cr1/3 layers, as revealed by cross-sectional scanning transmission electron microscope, permitting the insertion of Li+ ions. An unprecedented metal-insulator transition, with a resistance modulation of up to six orders of magnitude at 300 K, is observed in Cr2S3-based ionic field-effect transistors. Theoretical calculations corroborate the metallization induced by Li-ion intercalation. This work sheds light on the understanding of growth mechanism, structure-property correlation and highlights the diverse potential applications of 2D non-layered Cr2S3 superlattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanghua Hu
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Jinbo Shen
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Zishun Li
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Zhuokai Xu
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhefeng Lou
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haoyu Qi
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Tian Le
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Xiaorui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Yunhao Lu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
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10
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Xiao Y, Wu J, Dadap JI, Awan KM, Yang D, Liang J, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Zonno M, Bluschke M, Eisaki H, Greven M, Damascelli A, Ye Z. Optically Probing Unconventional Superconductivity in Atomically Thin Bi 2Sr 2Ca 0.92Y 0.08Cu 2O 8+δ. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3986-3993. [PMID: 38501960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Atomically thin cuprates exhibiting a superconducting phase transition temperature similar to that of the bulk have recently been realized, although the device fabrication remains a challenge and limits the potential for many novel studies and applications. Here, we use an optical pump-probe approach to noninvasively study the unconventional superconductivity in atomically thin Bi2Sr2Ca0.92Y0.08Cu2O8+δ (Y-Bi2212). Apart from finding an optical response due to the superconducting phase transition that is similar to that of bulk Y-Bi2212, we observe that the sign and amplitude of the pump-probe signal in atomically thin flakes vary significantly in different dielectric environments depending on the nature of the optical excitation. By exploiting the spatial resolution of the optical probe, we uncover the exceptional sensitivity of monolayer Y-Bi2212 to the environment. Our results provide the first optical evidence for the intralayer nature of the superconducting condensate in Bi2212 and highlight the role of double-sided encapsulation in preserving superconductivity in atomically thin cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhuan Xiao
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jingda Wu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jerry I Dadap
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kashif Masud Awan
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dongyang Yang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Marta Zonno
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Martin Bluschke
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Eisaki
- Nanoelectronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Martin Greven
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrea Damascelli
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ziliang Ye
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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11
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Wu S, Dai M, Li H, Li R, Han Z, Hu W, Zhao Z, Hou Y, Gou H, Zou R, Chen Y, Luo X, Zhao X. Atomically Unraveling Highly Crystalline Self-Intercalated Tantalum Sulfide with Correlated Stacking Registry-Dependent Magnetism. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:378-385. [PMID: 38117785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
In self-intercalated two-dimensional (ic-2D) materials, understanding the local chemical environment and the topology of the filling site remains elusive, and the subsequent correlation with the macroscopically manifested physical properties has rarely been investigated. Herein, highly crystalline gram-scale ic-2D Ta1.33S2 crystals were successfully grown by the high-pressure high-temperature method. Employing combined atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy annular dark field imaging and density functional theory calculations, we systematically unveiled the atomic structures of an atlas of stacking registries in a well-defined √3(a) × √3(a) Ta1.33S2 superlattice. Ferromagnetic order was observed in the AC' stacking registry, and it evolves into an antiferromagnetic state in AA/AB/AB' stacking registries; the AA' stacking registry shows ferrimagnetic ordering. Therefore, we present a novel approach for fabricating large-scale highly crystalline ic-2D crystals and shed light on a powerful means of modulating the magnetic order of ic-2D systems via stacking engineering, i.e., stackingtronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Minzhi Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hang Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Runlai Li
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ziyi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenchao Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zijing Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanglong Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huiyang Gou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruqiang Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongjin Chen
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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12
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Patel H, Pathak V, Can O, Potter AC, Franz M. d-Mon: A Transmon with Strong Anharmonicity Based on Planar c-Axis Tunneling Junction between d-Wave and s-Wave Superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:017002. [PMID: 38242652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.017002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
We propose a novel qubit architecture based on a planar c-axis Josephson junction between a thin flake d-wave superconductor, such as a high-T_{c} cuprate Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+x}, and a conventional s-wave superconductor. When operated in the transmon regime the device-that we call "d mon"-becomes insensitive to offset charge fluctuations and, importantly, exhibits at the same time energy level spectrum with strong anharmonicity that is widely tunable through the device geometry and applied magnetic flux. Crucially, unlike previous qubit designs based on d-wave superconductors the proposed device operates in a regime where quasiparticles are fully gapped and can be therefore expected to achieve long coherence times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh Patel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Vedangi Pathak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Oguzhan Can
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Andrew C Potter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Marcel Franz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
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13
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Brosco V, Serpico G, Vinokur V, Poccia N, Vool U. Superconducting Qubit Based on Twisted Cuprate Van der Waals Heterostructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:017003. [PMID: 38242651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.017003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Van-der-Waals assembly enables the fabrication of novel Josephson junctions featuring an atomically sharp interface between two exfoliated and relatively twisted Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+x} (Bi2212) flakes. In a range of twist angles around 45°, the junction provides a regime where the interlayer two-Cooper pair tunneling dominates the current-phase relation. Here we propose employing this novel junction to realize a capacitively shunted qubit that we call flowermon. The d-wave nature of the order parameter endows the flowermon with inherent protection against charge-noise-induced relaxation and quasiparticle-induced dissipation. This inherently protected qubit paves the way to a new class of high-coherence hybrid superconducting quantum devices based on unconventional superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Brosco
- Institute for Complex Systems (ISC) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and Physics Department University of Rome, "La Sapienza," Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Piazza del Viminale, 1, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Serpico
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Valerii Vinokur
- Terra Quantum AG, Kornhausstrasse 25, CH-9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Physics Department, CUNY, City College of City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Nicola Poccia
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Uri Vool
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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14
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Chen S, Qian Y, Huang X, Chen W, Guo J, Zhang K, Zhang J, Yuan H, Cui T. High-temperature superconductivity up to 223 K in the Al stabilized metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad107. [PMID: 38116091 PMCID: PMC10727841 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As compressed hydrides constantly refresh the records of superconducting critical temperatures (Tc) in the vicinity of room temperature, this further reinforces the confidence to find more high-temperature superconducting hydrides. In this process, metastable phases of superhydrides offer enough possibilities to access superior superconducting properties. Here we report a metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride (P63/mmc-LaH10) stabilized at 146 GPa by introducing an appropriate proportion of Al, which exhibits high-temperature superconductivity with Tc ∼ 178 K, and this value is enhanced to a maximum Tc ∼ 223 K at 164 GPa. A huge upper critical magnetic field value Hc2(0) reaches 223 T at 146 GPa. The small volume expansion of P63/mmc-(La, Al) H10 compared with the binary LaH10 indicates the possible interstitial sites of Al atoms filling into the La-H lattice, instead of forming conventional ternary alloy-based superhydrides. This work provides a new strategy for metastable high-temperature superconductors through the multiple-element system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Yingcai Qian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei230031, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Wuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Jianning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Jinglei Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei230031, China
| | - Huiqiu Yuan
- Center for Correlated Matter, College of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tian Cui
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, China
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
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15
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Wang F, Zhang T, Xie R, Liu A, Dai F, Chen Y, Xu T, Wang H, Wang Z, Liao L, Wang J, Zhou P, Hu W. Next-Generation Photodetectors beyond Van Der Waals Junctions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301197. [PMID: 36960667 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous advancement of nanofabrication techniques, development of novel materials, and discovery of useful manipulation mechanisms in high-performance applications, especially photodetectors, the morphology of junction devices and the way junction devices are used are fundamentally revolutionized. Simultaneously, new types of photodetectors that do not rely on any junction, providing a high signal-to-noise ratio and multidimensional modulation, have also emerged. This review outlines a unique category of material systems supporting novel junction devices for high-performance detection, namely, the van der Waals materials, and systematically discusses new trends in the development of various types of devices beyond junctions. This field is far from mature and there are numerous methods to measure and evaluate photodetectors. Therefore, it is also aimed to provide a solution from the perspective of applications in this review. Finally, based on the insight into the unique properties of the material systems and the underlying microscopic mechanisms, emerging trends in junction devices are discussed, a new morphology of photodetectors is proposed, and some potential innovative directions in the subject area are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Runzhang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Anna Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fuxing Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tengfei Xu
- School of Microelectronics, Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hailu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Lei Liao
- College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jianlu Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weida Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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16
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Ji C, Wang J. Quantum phase transitions in two-dimensional superconductors: a review on recent experimental progress. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2023; 87:014502. [PMID: 38086096 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ad14f3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Superconductor-insulator/metal transition (SMT) as a paradigm of quantum phase transition has been a research highlight over the last three decades. Benefit from recent developments in the fabrication and measurements of two-dimensional (2D) superconducting films and nanodevices, unprecedented quantum phenomena have been revealed in the quantum phase transitions of 2D superconductors. In this review, we introduce the recent progress on quantum phase transitions in 2D superconductors, focusing on the quantum Griffiths singularity (QGS) and anomalous metal state. Characterized by a divergent critical exponent when approaching zero temperature, QGS of SMT is discovered in ultrathin crystalline Ga films and subsequently detected in various 2D superconductors. The universality of QGS indicates the profound influence of quenched disorder on quantum phase transitions. Besides, in a 2D superconducting system, whether a metallic ground state can exist is a long-sought mystery. Early experimental studies indicate an intermediate metallic state in the quantum phase transition of 2D superconductors. Recently, in high-temperature superconducting films with patterned nanopores, a robust anomalous metal state (i.e. quantum metal or Bose metal) has been detected, featured as the saturated resistance in the low temperature regime. Moreover, the charge-2equantum oscillations are observed in nanopatterned films, indicating the bosonic nature of the anomalous metal state and ending the debate on whether bosons can exist as a metal. The evidences of the anomalous metal states have also been reported in crystalline epitaxial thin films and exfoliated nanoflakes, as well as granular composite films. High quality filters are used in these works to exclude the influence of external high frequency noises in ultralow temperature measurements. The observations of QGS and metallic ground states in 2D superconductors not only reveal the prominent role of quantum fluctuations and dissipations but also provide new perspective to explore quantum phase transitions in superconducting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiao Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation (Ministry of Education), Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Ji
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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17
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Zhao SYF, Cui X, Volkov PA, Yoo H, Lee S, Gardener JA, Akey AJ, Engelke R, Ronen Y, Zhong R, Gu G, Plugge S, Tummuru T, Kim M, Franz M, Pixley JH, Poccia N, Kim P. Time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductivity between twisted cuprate superconductors. Science 2023; 382:1422-1427. [PMID: 38060675 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl8371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Twisted interfaces between stacked van der Waals (vdW) cuprate crystals present a platform for engineering superconducting order parameters by adjusting stacking angles. Using a cryogenic assembly technique, we construct twisted vdW Josephson junctions (JJs) at atomically sharp interfaces between Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x crystals, with quality approaching the limit set by intrinsic JJs. Near 45° twist angle, we observe fractional Shapiro steps and Fraunhofer patterns, consistent with the existence of two degenerate Josephson ground states related by time-reversal symmetry (TRS). By programming the JJ current bias sequence, we controllably break TRS to place the JJ into either of the two ground states, realizing reversible Josephson diodes without external magnetic fields. Our results open a path to engineering topological devices at higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Frank Zhao
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Cui
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pavel A Volkov
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Center for Materials Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Hyobin Yoo
- Department of Physics, Institute of Emergent Materials, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jules A Gardener
- Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Austin J Akey
- Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Rebecca Engelke
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yuval Ronen
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Stephan Plugge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tarun Tummuru
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Marcel Franz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jedediah H Pixley
- Center for Materials Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Nicola Poccia
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Philip Kim
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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18
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Liu YB, Zhou J, Wu C, Yang F. Charge-4e superconductivity and chiral metal in 45°-twisted bilayer cuprates and related bilayers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7926. [PMID: 38040764 PMCID: PMC10692084 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43782-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The material realization of charge-4e/6e superconductivity (SC) is a big challenge. Here, we propose to realize charge-4e SC in maximally-twisted homobilayers, such as 45∘-twisted bilayer cuprates and 30∘-twisted bilayer graphene, referred to as twist-bilayer quasicrystals (TB-QC). When each monolayer hosts a pairing state with the largest pairing angular momentum, previous studies have found that the second-order interlayer Josephson coupling would drive chiral topological SC (TSC) in the TB-QC. Here we propose that, above the Tc of the chiral TSC, either charge-4e SC or chiral metal can arise as vestigial phases, depending on the ordering of the total- and relative-pairing-phase fields of the two layers. Based on a thorough symmetry analysis to get the low-energy effective Hamiltonian, we conduct a combined renormalization-group and Monte-Carlo study and obtain the phase diagram, which includes the charge-4e SC and chiral metal phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Liu
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Congjun Wu
- Institute for Theoretical Sciences, WestLake University, 310024, Hangzhou, China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 310024, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, P. R. China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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19
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Huang X, Han X, Dai Y, Xu X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Yuan Z, Xing J, Wang Y, Huang Y. Recent Progress in Two-Dimensional Material Exfoliation Technology and Enlightenment for Geological Sciences. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10181-10193. [PMID: 37930076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical exfoliation technology is vital for the development of two-dimensional (2D) materials. This technology has also facilitated the verification of the performance of electronic and optical devices made from 2D materials. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of exfoliation techniques and highlight key physical properties. Additionally, we explored the chemical instability of certain 2D materials and proposed practical solutions to enhance their stability. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages of suspended 2D materials, which demonstrate improved compatibility and properties compared to nonsuspended materials. A particularly intriguing aspect of this Perspective is the exploration of the similarities between the Earth's crust and 2D materials, offering insights into the formation mechanisms of geological phenomena. In this context, 2D materials may serve as simulators for studying geological processes. We hope that this Perspective stimulates further research into exfoliation technology and the physical/chemical properties of 2D materials while providing new inspiration for earth science investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Han
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunyun Dai
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaobo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhengyi Yuan
- China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Jie Xing
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yeliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Chongqing 100190, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Chongqing 100190, China
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20
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Lan H, Wang L, He R, Huang S, Yu J, Guo J, Luo J, Li Y, Zhang J, Lin J, Zhang S, Zeng M, Fu L. 2D quasi-layered material with domino structure. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7225. [PMID: 37940641 PMCID: PMC10632391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Interlayer coupling strength dichotomizes two-dimensional (2D) materials into layered and non-layered types. Traditionally, they can be regarded as atomic layers intrinsically linked via van der Waals (vdW) forces or covalent bonds, oriented orthogonally to their growth plane. In our work, we report a material system that differentiates from layered and non-layered materials, termed quasi-layered domino-structured (QLDS) materials, effectively bridging the gap between these two typical categories. Considering the skewed structure, the force orthogonal to the 2D QLDS-GaTe growth plane constitutes a synergistic blend of vdW forces and covalent bonds, with neither of them being perpendicular to the 2D growth plane. This unique amalgamation results in a force that surpasses that in layered materials, yet is weaker than that in non-layered materials. Therefore, the lattice constant contraction along this unique orientation can be as much as 7.7%, tantalizingly close to the theoretical prediction of 10.8%. Meanwhile, this feature endows remarkable anisotropy, second harmonic generation enhancement with a staggering susceptibility of 394.3 pm V-1. These findings endow further applications arranged in nonlinear optics, sensors, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Lan
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Luyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Runze He
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyi Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinqiu Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, 430062, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingrui Luo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiling Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, 430062, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunping Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lei Fu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China.
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China.
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21
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Saggau CN, Shokri S, Martini M, Confalone T, Lee Y, Wolf D, Gu G, Brosco V, Montemurro D, Vinokur VM, Nielsch K, Poccia N. 2D High-Temperature Superconductor Integration in Contact Printed Circuit Boards. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:51558-51564. [PMID: 37878903 PMCID: PMC10637321 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Inherent properties of superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x films, such as the high superconducting transition temperature Tc, efficient Josephson coupling between neighboring CuO layers, and fast quasiparticle relaxation dynamics, make them a promising platform for advances in quantum computing and communication technologies. However, preserving two-dimensional superconductivity during device fabrication is an outstanding experimental challenge because of the fast degradation of the superconducting properties of two-dimensional flakes when they are exposed to moisture, organic solvents, and heat. Herein, to realize superconducting devices utilizing two-dimensional (2D) superconducting films, we develop a novel fabrication technique relying on the cryogenic dry transfer of printable circuits embedded into a silicon nitride membrane. This approach separates the circuit fabrication stage requiring chemically reactive substances and ionizing physical processes from the creation of the thin superconducting structures. Apart from providing electrical contacts in a single transfer step, the membrane encapsulates the surface of the crystal, shielding it from the environment. The fabricated atomically thin Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x-based devices show a high superconducting transition temperature of Tc ≃ 91 K close to that of the bulk crystal and demonstrate stable superconducting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian N. Saggau
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sanaz Shokri
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mickey Martini
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tommaso Confalone
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yejin Lee
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed
Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Valentina Brosco
- Istituto
dei Sistemi Complessi (ISC-CNR) and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita,
Sapienza, P.le A. Moro,
2, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Piazza del Viminale, 1, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Montemurro
- Department
of Physics, University of Naples Federico
II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Valerii M. Vinokur
- Terra Quantum
AG, CH-9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Physics
Department, CUNY, City College of City University
of New York, 160 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Poccia
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Science Dresden (IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
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22
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Kim D, Pandey J, Jeong J, Cho W, Lee S, Cho S, Yang H. Phase Engineering of 2D Materials. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11230-11268. [PMID: 37589590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic 2D materials allow structural and electronic phase engineering, which can be used to realize energy-efficient, cost-effective, and scalable device applications. The phase engineering covers not only conventional structural and metal-insulator transitions but also magnetic states, strongly correlated band structures, and topological phases in rich 2D materials. The methods used for the local phase engineering of 2D materials include various optical, geometrical, and chemical processes as well as traditional thermodynamic approaches. In this Review, we survey the precise manipulation of local phases and phase patterning of 2D materials, particularly with ideal and versatile phase interfaces for electronic and energy device applications. Polymorphic 2D materials and diverse quantum materials with their layered, vertical, and lateral geometries are discussed with an emphasis on the role and use of their phase interfaces. Various phase interfaces have demonstrated superior and unique performance in electronic and energy devices. The phase patterning leads to novel homo- and heterojunction structures of 2D materials with low-dimensional phase boundaries, which highlights their potential for technological breakthroughs in future electronic, quantum, and energy devices. Accordingly, we encourage researchers to investigate and exploit phase patterning in emerging 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Juhi Pandey
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Juyeong Jeong
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Woohyun Cho
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Suyeon Cho
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Heejun Yang
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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23
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Zou X, Xie M, Wang R, Liang H, Li Y, Tian F, Sun Y, Wang C. Two-Dimensional Superconductivity in Air-Stable Single-Crystal Few-Layer Bi 3O 2S 3. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20975-20984. [PMID: 37703097 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The progress of unconventional superconductors at the two-dimensional (2D) limit has inspired much interest. Recently, a new superconducting system was discovered in the semimetallic ternary Bi-O-S family. However, pure-phase crystals are difficult to synthesize because of the complicated stacking sequence of multiple charged layers and similar formation kinetics among ternary polytypes, leaving several fundamental issues regarding the structure-superconductivity correlation unresolved. Herein, 2D single-crystal ultrathin Bi3O2S3 nanosheets are prepared by using low-pressure chemical vapor deposition, and their atomic arrangement is clarified. Magnetotransport measurements indicate a superconducting transition at ∼6.1 K that is thickness-independent. The transport results demonstrate 2D superconducting characteristics, such as the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, and strong anisotropy with magnetic field orientations following the 2D Tinkham formula. The difference from superconductivity of powder is demonstrated from the perspective of their corresponding microstructures. These results corroborate the superconducting behavior of Bi3O2S3, providing fresh insights into the search for other bismuth oxychalcogenides and derivative BiS2-based analogues at the 2D limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyuan Xie
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruize Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Haikuan Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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24
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Van Loon S, Sá de Melo CAR. Effects of Quantum Fluctuations on the Low-Energy Collective Modes of Two-Dimensional Superfluid Fermi Gases from the BCS to the Bose Limit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:113001. [PMID: 37774271 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of quantum fluctuations on the low-energy collective modes of two-dimensional (2D) s-wave Fermi superfluids from the BCS to the Bose limit. We compare our results to recent Bragg scattering experiments in 2D box potentials, with very good agreement. We show that quantum fluctuations in the phase and modulus of the pairing order parameter are absolutely necessary to give physically acceptable chemical potential and dispersion relation of the low-energy collective mode throughout the BCS to Bose evolution. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the dispersion of the collective modes change from concave to convex as interactions are tuned from the BCS to the Bose regime, and never crosses the two-particle continuum, because arbitrarily small attractive interactions produce bound states in two dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senne Van Loon
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- TQC, Universiteit Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - C A R Sá de Melo
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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25
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Silkin VM, Drechsler SL, Efremov DV. Unusual Low-Energy Collective Charge Excitations in High- Tc Cuprate Superconductors. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8060-8068. [PMID: 37655950 PMCID: PMC10510710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of intensive experimental and theoretical efforts, the physics of cuprate high-temperature superconductors in general, and, in particular, their normal state, is still under debate. Here, we report our investigation of low-energy charge excitations in the normal state. We find that the peculiarities of the electronic band structure at low energies have a profound impact on the nature of the intraband collective modes. It gives rise to a new kind of mode with huge intensity and non-Lorentzian spectral function in addition to well-known collective excitations like conventional plasmons and spin fluctuation. We predict two such modes with maximal spectral weight in the nodal and antinodal directions. Additionally, we found a long-living quasi-one-dimensional plasmon becoming an intense soft mode over an extended momentum range along the antinodal direction. These modes might explain some of the resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav M. Silkin
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián/Donostia, Basque Country, Spain
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física,
Química y Tecnología, Facultad de Ciencias
Químicas, Universidad del País
Vasco UPV/EHU, 20080 San Sebastián/Donostia, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Stefan-Ludwig Drechsler
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Research IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dmitry V. Efremov
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Research IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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26
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Ao L, Huang J, Qin F, Li Z, Ideue T, Akhtari K, Chen P, Bi X, Qiu C, Huang D, Chen L, Belosludov RV, Gou H, Ren W, Nojima T, Iwasa Y, Bahramy MS, Yuan H. Valley-dimensionality locking of superconductivity in cubic phosphides. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6758. [PMID: 37683003 PMCID: PMC10491139 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional superconductivity is primarily realized in atomically thin layers through extreme exfoliation, epitaxial growth, or interfacial gating. Apart from their technical challenges, these approaches lack sufficient control over the Fermiology of superconducting systems. Here, we offer a Fermiology-engineering approach, allowing us to desirably tune the coherence length of Cooper pairs and the dimensionality of superconducting states in arsenic phosphides AsxP1-x under hydrostatic pressure. We demonstrate how this turns these compounds into tunable two-dimensional superconductors with a dome-shaped phase diagram even in the bulk limit. This peculiar behavior is shown to result from an unconventional valley-dimensionality locking mechanism, driven by a delicate competition between three-dimensional hole-type and two-dimensional electron-type energy pockets spatially separated in momentum space. The resulting dimensionality crossover is further discussed to be systematically controllable by pressure and stoichiometry tuning. Our findings pave a unique way to realize and control superconducting phases with special pairing and dimensional orders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Ao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Junwei Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Feng Qin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zeya Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Toshiya Ideue
- Quantum-Phase Electronic Center and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Keivan Akhtari
- Department of Physics, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 416, Iran
| | - Peng Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiangyu Bi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Caiyu Qiu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Dajian Huang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Long Chen
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | | | - Huiyang Gou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Wencai Ren
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tsutomu Nojima
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Iwasa
- Quantum-Phase Electronic Center and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mohammad Saeed Bahramy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Hongtao Yuan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
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27
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Zhang Z, Dong X, Chen J, Liu Z, Gao Z, Chang X, Du Y, Jia C, Fu H, Luo F, Wu J. Transferred Polymer-Encapsulated Metal Electrodes for Electrical Transport Measurements on Ultrathin Air-Sensitive Crystals. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300177. [PMID: 37287373 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Owing to rapid property degradation after ambient exposure and incompatibility with conventional device fabrication process, electrical transport measurements on air-sensitive 2D materials have always been a big issue. Here, for the first time, a facile one-step polymer-encapsulated electrode transfer (PEET) method applicable for fragile 2D materials is developed, which showed great advantages of damage-free electrodes patterning and in situ polymer encapsulation preventing from H2 O/O2 exposure during the whole electrical measurements process. The ultrathin SmTe2 metals grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are chosen as the prototypical air-sensitive 2D crystals for their poor air-stability, which will become highly insulating when fabricated by conventional lithographic techniques. Nevertheless, the intrinsic electrical properties of CVD-grown SmTe2 nanosheets can be readily investigated by the PEET method instead, showing ultralow contact resistance and high signal/noise ratio. The PEET method can be applicable to other fragile ultrathin magnetic materials, such as (Mn,Cr)Te, to investigate their intrinsic electrical/magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheshan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xinyue Dong
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jiabiao Chen
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhaochao Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhansheng Gao
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xinyue Chang
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yaping Du
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Huixia Fu
- Center of Quantum Materials and Devices & College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jinxiong Wu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensor Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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28
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Zhang L, Kang C, Liu C, Wang K, Zhang W. Two-dimensional superconducting nature of Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ thin films revealed by BKT transition. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25797-25803. [PMID: 37664203 PMCID: PMC10468687 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02701e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-quality Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ superconducting thin films are successfully grown on a SrTiO3 substrate by the Pulsed Laser Deposition technique. Superconducting critical transition temperatures Tc,zero have reached up to 85 K by using optimized growth parameters. In addition, we demonstrated the two-dimensional nature of the superconductivity of thin films by virtue of exhibiting Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) physics and anisotropic magnetic response. Furthermore, three distinct regimes are identified based on the analysis of direct current resistance. The non-Fermi liquid phase and BKT phase fluctuation zone almost perfectly merge together, which implies that the system undergoes a unique topological state that is determined by the BKT phase fluctuation preceding the onset of the superconducting state. The emergence of such a topological state radically differentiates from the three-dimensional superconducting transition, which spontaneously breaks the gauge symmetry. The current studies on the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ superconducting thin films provide some new insights for understanding the rich quantum states of matter that emerge in the vicinity of the superconducting phase transition and highlight the significant role of BKT fluctuation on two-dimensional superconducting transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- School of Future Technology, Henan University Zhengzhou 450046 China
| | - Chaoyang Kang
- School of Future Technology, Henan University Zhengzhou 450046 China
| | - Chengyan Liu
- School of Future Technology, Henan University Zhengzhou 450046 China
| | - Kai Wang
- Center for Topological Functional Materials, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- School of Future Technology, Henan University Zhengzhou 450046 China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou 450046 China
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29
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Wang H, Zhu Y, Bai Z, Wang Z, Hu S, Xie HY, Hu X, Cui J, Huang M, Chen J, Ding Y, Zhao L, Li X, Zhang Q, Gu L, Zhou XJ, Zhu J, Zhang D, Xue QK. Prominent Josephson tunneling between twisted single copper oxide planes of Bi 2Sr 2-xLa xCuO 6+y. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5201. [PMID: 37626041 PMCID: PMC10457331 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Josephson tunneling in twisted cuprate junctions provides a litmus test for the pairing symmetry, which is fundamental for understanding the microscopic mechanism of high temperature superconductivity. This issue is rekindled by experimental advances in van der Waals stacking and the proposal of an emergent d+id-wave. So far, all experiments have been carried out on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212) with double CuO2 planes but show controversial results. Here, we investigate junctions made of Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+y (Bi-2201) with single CuO2 planes. Our on-site cold stacking technique ensures uncompromised crystalline quality and stoichiometry at the interface. Junctions with carefully calibrated twist angles around 45° show strong Josephson tunneling and conventional temperature dependence. Furthermore, we observe standard Fraunhofer diffraction patterns and integer Fiske steps in a junction with a twist angle of 45.0±0.2°. Together, these results pose strong constraints on the d or d+id-wave pairing and suggest an indispensable isotropic pairing component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuying Zhu
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Zhonghua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zechao Wang
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, China
| | - Shuxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hong-Yi Xie
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaopeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianhao Chen
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Gu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - X J Zhou
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Qi-Kun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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30
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Kim Y, Gil B, Kim J, Lee Y, Kim D, Hahn S, Noh TW, Kim M, Kim C. Growth and Electronic Structure of Copper Oxide Monolayer Epitaxial Films. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7273-7278. [PMID: 37552567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper-based high-temperature superconductors share a common feature in their crystal structure, which is the presence of a CuO2 plane, where superconductivity takes place. Therefore, important questions arise as to whether superconductivity can exist in a single layer of the CuO2 plane and, if so, how such superconductivity in a single CuO2 plane differs from that in a bulk cuprate system. To answer these questions, studies of the superconductivity in cuprate monolayers are necessary. In this study, we constructed a heterostructure system with a La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) monolayer containing a single CuO2 plane and measured the resulting electronic structures. Monolayer LSCO has metallic and bulk-like electronic structures. The hole doping ratio of the monolayer LSCO is found to depend on the underlying buffer layer due to the interface effect. Our work will provide a platform for research into ideal two-dimensional cuprate systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngdo Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Byeongjun Gil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jinkwon Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeonjae Lee
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Donghan Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sungsoo Hahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences (RIBS), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae Won Noh
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Changyoung Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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31
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Chen X, Deng J, Jin S, Ying T, Fei G, Ren H, Yang Y, Ma K, Yang M, Wang J, Li Y, Chen X, Liu X, Du S, Guo JG, Chen X. Two-Dimensional Pb Square Nets from Bulk ( RO) nPb ( R = Rare Earth Metals, n = 1,2). J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17435-17442. [PMID: 37524115 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
All two-dimensional (2D) materials of group IV elements from Si to Pb are stabilized by carrier doping and interface bonding from substrates except graphene which can be free-standing. The involvement of strong hybrid of bonds, adsorption of exotic atomic species, and the high concentration of crystalline defects are often unavoidable, complicating the measurement of the intrinsic properties. In this work, we report the discovery of seven kinds of hitherto unreported bulk compounds (RO)nPb (R = rare earth metals, n = 1,2), which consist of quasi-2D Pb square nets that are spatially and electronically detached from the [RO]δ+ blocking layers. The band structures of these compounds near Fermi levels are relatively clean and dominantly contributed by Pb, resembling the electron-doped free-standing Pb monolayer. The R2O2Pb compounds are metallic at ambient pressure and become superconductors under high pressures with much enhanced critical fields. In particular, Gd2O2Pb (9.1 μB/Gd) exhibits an interesting bulk response of lattice distortion in conjunction with the emergence of superconductivity and magnetic anomalies at a critical pressure of 10 GPa. Our findings reveal the unexpected facets of 2D Pb sheets that are considerably different from their bulk counterparts and provide an alternative route for exploring 2D properties in bulk materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shifeng Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tianping Ying
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ge Fei
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China
| | - Huifen Ren
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingzhang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Laboratory of High Pressure Physics and Material Science (HPPMS), School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jian-Gang Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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32
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Ma L, Wang X, Wang H, Wang X, Zou G, Guan Y, Guo S, Li H, Chen Q, Kang L, Zhang L, Wu P. van der Waals Self-Epitaxial Growth of Inch-Sized Superconducting Niobium Diselenide Films. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:6892-6899. [PMID: 37470724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin superconducting films are the basis of superconductor devices. van der Waals (vdW) NbSe2 with noncentrosymmetry exhibits exotic superconductivity and shows promise in superconductor electronic devices. However, the growth of inch-scale NbSe2 films with layer regulation remains a challenge because vdW structural material growth is strongly dependent on the epitaxial guidance of the substrate. Herein, a vdW self-epitaxy strategy is developed to eliminate the substrate driving force in film growth and realize inch-sized NbSe2 film growth with thicknesses from 2.1 to 12.1 nm on arbitrary substrates. The superconducting transition temperature of 5.1 K and superconducting transition width of 0.30 K prove the top homogeneity and quality of superconductivity among all of the synthetic NbSe2 films. Coupled with a large area and substrate compatibility, this work paves the way for developing NbSe2 superconductor electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xiangyi Wang
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guifu Zou
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanqiu Guan
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuya Guo
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haochen Li
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Kang
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Labao Zhang
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Peiheng Wu
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
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33
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Sun W, Li Y, Liu R, Yang J, Li J, Wei W, Jin G, Yan S, Sun H, Guo W, Gu Z, Zhu Z, Sun Y, Shi Z, Deng Y, Wang X, Nie Y. Evidence for Anisotropic Superconductivity Beyond Pauli Limit in Infinite-Layer Lanthanum Nickelates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303400. [PMID: 37235743 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
After being expected to be a promising analog to cuprates for decades, superconductivity has recently been discovered in infinite-layer nickelates, providing new opportunities to explore mechanisms of high-temperature superconductivity. However, in sharp contrast to the single-band and anisotropic superconductivity in cuprates, nickelates exhibit a multi-band electronic structure and an unexpected isotropic superconductivity as reported recently, which challenges the cuprate-like picture in nickelates. Here, it is shown that strong anisotropic magnetotransport behaviors exist in La-based nickelate films with enhanced crystallinity and superconductivity (T c onset $T_{\rm{c}}^{{\rm{onset}}}$ = 18.8 K,T c zero $T_{\rm{c}}^{{\rm{zero}}}$ = 16.5 K). The upper critical fields are anisotropic and violate the estimated Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) Pauli limit (H Pauli , μ = 1 μ B = 1.86 × T c , H = 0 ${H}_{\mathrm{Pauli},\mu =1{\mu}_{B}}=1.86\ensuremath{\times{}}{T}_{\mathrm{c},H=0}$ ) for in-plane magnetic fields. Moreover, the anisotropic superconductivity is further manifested by the cusp-like peak of the angle-dependent Tc and the vortex motion anisotropy under external magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yueying Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Ruxin Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jiangfeng Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Gangjian Jin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shengjun Yan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Haoying Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhengbin Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zengwei Zhu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Shi
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Yu Deng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yuefeng Nie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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34
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Wang Z, Zou C, Lin C, Luo X, Yan H, Yin C, Xu Y, Zhou X, Wang Y, Zhu J. Correlating the charge-transfer gap to the maximum transition temperature in Bi 2Sr 2Ca n-1Cu nO 2n+4+δ. Science 2023; 381:227-231. [PMID: 37440647 DOI: 10.1126/science.add3672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
As the number of CuO2 layers, n, in each unit cell of a cuprate family increases, the maximum transition temperature (Tc,max) exhibits a universal bell-shaped curve with a peak at n = 3. The microscopic mechanism of this trend remains elusive. In this study, we used advanced electron microscopy to image the atomic structure of cuprates in the Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4+δ family with 1 ≤ n ≤ 9; the evolution of the charge-transfer gap size (Δ) with n can be measured simultaneously. We determined that the n dependence of Δ follows an inverted bell-shaped curve with the minimum Δ value at n = 3. The correlation between Δ, n, and Tc,max may clarify the origin of superconductivity in cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechao Wang
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Changwei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chengtian Lin
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Xiangyu Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chaohui Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, P.R. China
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Japan
| | - Xingjiang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
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35
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Jiang G, Barlas Y. Pair Density Waves from Local Band Geometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:016002. [PMID: 37478459 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.016002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
A band-projection formalism is developed for calculating the superfluid weight in two-dimensional multiorbital superconductors with an orbital-dependent pairing. It is discovered that, in this case, the band geometric superfluid stiffness tensor can be locally nonpositive definite in some regions of the Brillouin zone. When these regions are large enough or include nodal singularities, the total superfluid weight becomes nonpositive definite due to pairing fluctuations, resulting in the transition of a BCS state to a pair density wave (PDW). This geometric BCS-PDW transition is studied in the context of two-orbital superconductors, and proof of the existence of a geometric BCS-PDW transition in a generic topological flat band is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Jiang
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89502, USA
| | - Yafis Barlas
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89502, USA
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36
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Liu Y, Wei T, He G, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang J. Pair density wave state in a monolayer high-T c iron-based superconductor. Nature 2023; 618:934-939. [PMID: 37380693 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The pair density wave (PDW) is an extraordinary superconducting state in which Cooper pairs carry non-zero momentum1,2. Evidence for the existence of intrinsic PDW order in high-temperature (high-Tc) cuprate superconductors3,4 and kagome superconductors5 has emerged recently. However, the PDW order in iron-based high-Tc superconductors has not been observed experimentally. Here, using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, we report the discovery of the PDW state in monolayer iron-based high-Tc Fe(Te,Se) films grown on SrTiO3(001) substrates. The PDW state with a period of λ ≈ 3.6aFe (aFe is the distance between neighbouring Fe atoms) is observed at the domain walls by the spatial electronic modulations of the local density of states, the superconducting gap and the π-phase shift boundaries of the PDW around the vortices of the intertwined charge density wave order. The discovery of the PDW state in the monolayer Fe(Te,Se) film provides a low-dimensional platform to study the interplay between the correlated electronic states and unconventional Cooper pairing in high-Tc superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhao Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianheng Wei
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanyang He
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
| | - Jian Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China.
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37
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Guo Y, Qiu D, Shao M, Song J, Wang Y, Xu M, Yang C, Li P, Liu H, Xiong J. Modulations in Superconductors: Probes of Underlying Physics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209457. [PMID: 36504310 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The importance of modulations is elevated to an unprecedented level, due to the delicate conditions required to bring out exotic phenomena in quantum materials, such as topological materials, magnetic materials, and superconductors. Recently, state-of-the-art modulation techniques in material science, such as electric-double-layer transistor, piezoelectric-based strain apparatus, angle twisting, and nanofabrication, have been utilized in superconductors. They not only efficiently increase the tuning capability to the broader ranges but also extend the tuning dimensionality to unprecedented degrees of freedom, including quantum fluctuations of competing phases, electronic correlation, and phase coherence essential to global superconductivity. Here, for a comprehensive review, these techniques together with the established modulation methods, such as elemental substitution, annealing, and polarization-induced gating, are contextualized. Depending on the mechanism of each method, the modulations are categorized into stoichiometric manipulation, electrostatic gating, mechanical modulation, and geometrical design. Their recent advances are highlighted by applications in newly discovered superconductors, e.g., nickelates, Kagome metals, and magic-angle graphene. Overall, the review is to provide systematic modulations in emergent superconductors and serve as the coordinate for future investigations, which can stimulate researchers in superconductivity and other fields to perform various modulations toward a thorough understanding of quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Dong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Mingxin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Jingyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Minyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Haiwen Liu
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
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38
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Volkov PA, Wilson JH, Lucht KP, Pixley JH. Current- and Field-Induced Topology in Twisted Nodal Superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:186001. [PMID: 37204877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.186001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We show that interlayer current induces topological superconductivity in twisted bilayers of nodal superconductors. A bulk gap opens and achieves its maximum near a "magic" twist angle θ_{MA}. Chiral edge modes lead to a quantized thermal Hall effect at low temperatures. Furthermore, we show that an in-plane magnetic field creates a periodic lattice of topological domains with edge modes forming low-energy bands. We predict their signatures in scanning tunneling microscopy. Estimates for candidate materials indicate that twist angles θ∼θ_{MA} are optimal for observing the predicted effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Volkov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Justin H Wilson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Kevin P Lucht
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - J H Pixley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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39
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Zhou K, Shang G, Hsu HH, Han ST, Roy VAL, Zhou Y. Emerging 2D Metal Oxides: From Synthesis to Device Integration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207774. [PMID: 36333890 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
2D metal oxides have aroused increasing attention in the field of electronics and optoelectronics due to their intriguing physical properties. In this review, an overview of recent advances on synthesis of 2D metal oxides and their electronic applications is presented. First, the tunable physical properties of 2D metal oxides that relate to the structure (various oxidation-state forms, polymorphism, etc.), crystallinity and defects (anisotropy, point defects, and grain boundary), and thickness (quantum confinement effect, interfacial effect, etc.) are discussed. Then, advanced synthesis methods for 2D metal oxides besides mechanical exfoliation are introduced and classified into solution process, vapor-phase deposition, and native oxidation on a metal source. Later, the various roles of 2D metal oxides in widespread applications, i.e., transistors, inverters, photodetectors, piezotronics, memristors, and potential applications (solar cell, spintronics, and superconducting devices) are discussed. Finally, an outlook of existing challenges and future opportunities in 2D metal oxides is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Gang Shang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hsiao-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ting Han
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Vellaisamy A L Roy
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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40
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Bi X, Tian F, Chen G, Li Z, Qin F, Lv YY, Huang J, Qiu C, Ao L, Chen Y, Gu G, Chen Y, Yuan H. A Superconducting Micro-Magnetometer for Quantum Vortex in Superconducting Nanoflakes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211409. [PMID: 36808146 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting quantum interferometer device (SQUID) plays a key role in understanding electromagnetic properties and emergent phenomena in quantum materials. The technological appeal of SQUID is that its detection accuracy for the electromagnetic signal can precisely reach the quantum level of a single magnetic flux. However, conventional SQUID techniques normally can only be applied to a bulky sample and do not have the capability to probe the magnetic properties of micro-scale samples with small magnetic signals. Herein, it is demonstrated that, based on a specially designed superconducting nano-hole array, the contactless detection of magnetic properties and quantized vortices in micro-sized superconducting nanoflakes is realized. An anomalous hysteresis loop and a suppression of Little-Parks oscillation are observed in the detected magnetoresistance signal, which originates from the disordered distribution of the pinned vortices in Bi2 Sr2 CaCu2 O8+δ . Therefore, the density of pinning centers of the quantized vortices on such micro-sized superconducting samples can be quantitatively evaluated, which is technically inaccessible for conventional SQUID detection. The superconducting micro-magnetometer provides a new approach to exploring mesoscopic electromagnetic phenomena of quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Bi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Feifan Tian
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Ganyu Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Zeya Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Yang Lv
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Caiyu Qiu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Ao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Yanbin Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Yanfeng Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Yuan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China
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41
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Jois S, Lado JL, Gu G, Li Q, Lee JU. Andreev Reflection and Klein Tunneling in High-Temperature Superconductor-Graphene Junctions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:156201. [PMID: 37115873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.156201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Scattering processes in quantum materials emerge as resonances in electronic transport, including confined modes, Andreev states, and Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states. However, in most instances, these resonances are driven by a single scattering mechanism. Here, we show the appearance of resonances due to the combination of two simultaneous scattering mechanisms, one from superconductivity and the other from graphene p-n junctions. These resonances stem from Andreev reflection and Klein tunneling that occur at two different interfaces of a hole-doped region of graphene formed at the boundary with superconducting graphene due to proximity effects from Bi_{2}Sr_{2}Ca_{1}Cu_{2}O_{8+δ}. The resonances persist with gating from p^{+}-p and p-n configurations. The suppression of the oscillation amplitude above the bias energy which is comparable to the induced superconducting gap indicates the contribution from Andreev reflection. Our experimental measurements are supported by quantum transport calculations in such interfaces, leading to analogous resonances. Our results put forward a hybrid scattering mechanism in graphene-high-temperature superconductor heterojunctions of potential impact for graphene-based Josephson junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharadh Jois
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York 12203, USA
| | - Jose L Lado
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Ji Ung Lee
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York 12203, USA
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42
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Charaev I, Bandurin DA, Bollinger AT, Phinney IY, Drozdov I, Colangelo M, Butters BA, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, He X, Medeiros O, Božović I, Jarillo-Herrero P, Berggren KK. Single-photon detection using high-temperature superconductors. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:343-349. [PMID: 36941357 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The detection of individual quanta of light is important for quantum communication, fluorescence lifetime imaging, remote sensing and more. Due to their high detection efficiency, exceptional signal-to-noise ratio and fast recovery times, superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have become a critical component in these applications. However, the operation of conventional SNSPDs requires costly cryocoolers. Here we report the fabrication of two types of high-temperature superconducting nanowires. We observe linear scaling of the photon count rate on the radiation power at the telecommunications wavelength of 1.5 μm and thereby reveal single-photon operation. SNSPDs made from thin flakes of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ exhibit a single-photon response up to 25 K, and for SNSPDs from La1.55Sr0.45CuO4/La2CuO4 bilayer films, this response is observed up to 8 K. While the underlying detection mechanism is not fully understood yet, our work expands the family of materials for SNSPD technology beyond the liquid helium temperature limit and suggests that even higher operation temperatures may be reached using other high-temperature superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Charaev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - D A Bandurin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | - I Y Phinney
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - I Drozdov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - M Colangelo
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B A Butters
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - T Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute of Material Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute of Material Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - X He
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - O Medeiros
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - I Božović
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - K K Berggren
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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43
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Berry T, Varnava N, Ryan DH, Stewart VJ, Rasta R, Heinmaa I, Kumar N, Schnelle W, Bhandia R, Pasco CM, Armitage NP, Stern R, Felser C, Vanderbilt D, McQueen TM. Bonding and Suppression of a Magnetic Phase Transition in EuMn 2P 2. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4527-4533. [PMID: 36789888 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrons in solids often adopt complex patterns of chemical bonding driven by the competition between energy gains from covalency and delocalization, and energy costs of double occupation to satisfy Pauli exclusion, with multiple intermediate states in the transition between highly localized, and magnetic, and delocalized, and nonmagnetic limits. Herein, we report a chemical pressure-driven transition from a proper Mn magnetic ordering phase transition to a Mn magnetic phase crossover in EuMn2P2 the limiting end member of the EuMn2X2 (X = Sb, As, P) family of layered materials. This loss of a magnetic ordering occurs despite EuMn2P2 remaining an insulator at all temperatures, and with a phase transition to long-range Eu antiferromagnetic order at TN ≈ 17 K. The absence of a Mn magnetic phase transition contrasts with the formation of long-range Mn order at T ≈ 130 K in isoelectronic EuMn2Sb2 and EuMn2As2. Temperature-dependent specific heat and 31P NMR measurements provide evidence for the development of short-range Mn magnetic correlations from T ≈ 250-100 K, interpreted as a precursor to covalent bond formation. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate an unusual sensitivity of the band structure to the details of the imposed Mn and Eu magnetic order, with an antiferromagnetic Mn arrangement required to recapitulate an insulating state. Our results imply a picture in which long-range Mn magnetic order is suppressed by chemical pressure, but that antiferromagnetic correlations persist, narrowing bands and producing an insulating state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Berry
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for Quantum Matter, William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Nicodemos Varnava
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Dominic H Ryan
- Physics Department and Centre for the Physics of Materials, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Veronica J Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for Quantum Matter, William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Riho Rasta
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ivo Heinmaa
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Walter Schnelle
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rishi Bhandia
- Institute for Quantum Matter, William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Christopher M Pasco
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for Quantum Matter, William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - N P Armitage
- Institute for Quantum Matter, William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Raivo Stern
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - David Vanderbilt
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Tyrel M McQueen
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for Quantum Matter, William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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44
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Guo S, Luo M, Shi G, Tian N, Huang Z, Yang F, Ma L, Wang NZ, Shi Q, Xu K, Xu Z, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Chen XH, Shen D, Zhang L, Ruan W, Zhang Y. An ultra-high vacuum system for fabricating clean two-dimensional material devices. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:013903. [PMID: 36725600 DOI: 10.1063/5.0110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High mobility electron gases confined at material interfaces have been a venue for major discoveries in condensed matter physics. Ultra-high vacuum (UHV) technologies played a key role in creating such high-quality interfaces. The advent of two-dimensional (2D) materials brought new opportunities to explore exotic physics in flat lands. UHV technologies may once again revolutionize research in low dimensions by facilitating the construction of ultra-clean interfaces with a wide variety of 2D materials. Here, we describe the design and operation of a UHV 2D material device fabrication system, in which the entire fabrication process is performed under pressure lower than 5 × 10-10 mbar. Specifically, the UHV system enables the exfoliation of atomically clean 2D materials. Subsequent in situ assembly of van der Waals heterostructures produces high-quality interfaces that are free of contamination. We demonstrate functionalities of this system through exemplary fabrication of various 2D materials and their heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mingyan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Gang Shi
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Ning Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Fangyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nai Zhou Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qinzhen Shi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kailiang Xu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- SixCarbon Technology, Youmagang Industry Park, Shenzhen 518106, China
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Xian Hui Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dawei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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45
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Ru H, Li Z, Wang S, Xiang B, Wang Y. Suppression and Revival of Superconducting Phase Coherence in Monolayer FeSe/SrTiO 3. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9997-10002. [PMID: 36519788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer FeSe grown on SrTiO3 (FeSe/STO) is an interfacial high-temperature superconductor distinctively different from bulk FeSe. However, the superconducting phase coherence of the interface is challenging to probe due to its fragility in the atmosphere. Here, we perform in situ mutual inductance under ultrahigh vacuum on FeSe/STO in combination with band mapping by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find that even though the monolayer shows a gap-closing temperature above 50 K, no diamagnetism is visible down to 5 K. This is the case for few-layer FeSe/STO until it exceeds a critical number of five layers, where diamagnetism suddenly appears. The suppression of diamagnetism in the monolayer is also lifted by depositing a top FeTe layer. However, Tc and superfluid density both decrease with thicker FeTe, suggesting unconventional electron pairing and phase coherence competition. Our observation may be understood by a scenario in which the interfacial superconducting phase coherence is highly anisotropic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingke Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
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46
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Shaffer D, Wang J, Santos LH. Unconventional self-similar Hofstadter superconductivity from repulsive interactions. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7785. [PMID: 36526619 PMCID: PMC9758186 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractal Hofstadter bands have become widely accessible with the advent of moiré superlattices, opening the door to studies of the effect of interactions in these systems. In this work we employ a renormalization group (RG) analysis to demonstrate that the combination of repulsive interactions with the presence of a tunable manifold of Van Hove singularities provides a new mechanism for driving unconventional superconductivity in Hofstadter bands. Specifically, the number of Van Hove singularities at the Fermi energy can be controlled by varying the flux per unit cell and the electronic filling, leading to instabilities toward nodal superconductivity and chiral topological superconductivity with Chern number [Formula: see text]. The latter is characterized by a self-similar fixed trajectory of the RG flow and an emerging self-similarity symmetry of the order parameter. Our results establish Hofstadter quantum materials such as moiré heterostructures as promising platforms for realizing novel reentrant Hofstadter superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shaffer
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physics, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Jian Wang
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physics, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Luiz H. Santos
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physics, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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47
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Botana MM, Ramallo MV. A Scenario for the Critical Fluctuations near the Transition of Few-Bilayer Films of High-Temperature Cuprate Superconductors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4368. [PMID: 36558221 PMCID: PMC9781180 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We study the critical fluctuations near the resistive transition of very thin films of high-temperature cuprate superconductors composed of a number N of only a few unit cells of superconducting bilayers. For that, we solve the fluctuation spectrum of a Gaussian-Ginzburg-Landau model for few-bilayers superconductors considering two alternating Josephson interlayer interaction strengths, and we obtain the corresponding paraconductivity above the transition. Then, we extend these calculations to temperatures below the transition through expressions for the Ginzburg number and Kosterlitz-Thouless-like critical region. When compared with previously available data in YBa2Cu3O7-δ few-bilayers systems, with N = 1 to 4, our results seem to provide a plausible scenario for their critical regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín M. Botana
- Quantum Materials and Photonics Research Group (QMatterPhotonics), Department of Particle Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Materiais (iMATUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel V. Ramallo
- Quantum Materials and Photonics Research Group (QMatterPhotonics), Department of Particle Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Materiais (iMATUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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48
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Ghosh S, Jangade DA, Deshmukh MM. Nanowire bolometer using a 2D high-temperature superconductor. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:015304. [PMID: 36179585 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting nanowires are very important due to their applications ranging from quantum technology to astronomy. In this work, we implement a non-invasive process to fabricate nanowires of high-Tcsuperconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. We demonstrate that our nanowires can be used as bolometers in the visible range with very high responsivity of 9.7 × 103V W-1. Interestingly, in a long (30μm) nanowire of 9 nm thickness and 700 nm width, we observe bias current-dependent localized spots of maximum photovoltage. Moreover, the scalability of the bolometer responsivity with the normal state resistance of the nanowire could allow further performance improvement by increasing the nanowire length in a meander geometry. We observe phase slip events in nanowires with small cross-sections (12 nm thick, 300 nm wide, and 3μm long) at low temperatures. Our study presents a scalable method for realizing sensitive bolometers working near the liquid-nitrogen temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanat Ghosh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Digambar A Jangade
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Mandar M Deshmukh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
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49
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Yan ST, Xu XL, Xu HG, Zheng WJ. Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Bimetallic Oxide Clusters YCu 2O n-/0 ( n = 2-5). J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6067-6079. [PMID: 36043908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structural and electronic properties of bimetallic oxide clusters, YCu2On- and YCu2On (n = 2-5), are investigated using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The experimental vertical detachment energies of YCu2O2-, YCu2O3-, YCu2O4-, and YCu2O5- were measured to be 1.59, 1.76, 3.85, and 3.78 eV, respectively. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra have been obtained for YCu2O2-, with a spacing of 726 ± 80 cm-1 assigned to the Y-O stretching vibrational mode. It is found that YCu2O2- and YCu2O2 have C2v symmetric planar five-membered ring structures. YCu2O3- and YCu2O3 have C2v symmetric planar six-membered ring structures. The most stable structure of YCu2O4- is a quasi-planar structure which can be viewed as one O atom interacting with the Y atom of the YCu2O3 six-membered ring, while the most stable structure of YCu2O4 is a planar seven-membered ring. YCu2O5- and YCu2O5 have nonplanar structures, which can be viewed as an O2 unit interacting with the Y atom of the YCu2O3 six-membered ring. In YCu2O3,4,5-/0, the Y-O and Cu-O bonds are dominant, while the Y-Cu and Cu-Cu interactions are weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Ting Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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50
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Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhou X, Liao L, Jin F, Han X, Dong T, Xu S, Zhao L, Dai Y, Cheng Q, Huang X, Zhang Q, Wang L, Wang NL, Yue M, Bai X, Li Y, Wu Q, Gao HJ, Gu G, Wang Y, Zhou XJ. Unveiling the Degradation Mechanism of High-Temperature Superconductor Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ in Water-Bearing Environments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:39489-39496. [PMID: 35976742 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The physical properties of copper oxide high-temperature superconductors have been studied extensively, such as the band structure and doping effects of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212). However, some chemical-related properties of these superconductors are rarely reported, such as their stability in water-bearing environments. Herein, we report experiments combined with ab initio calculations that address the effects of water in contact with Bi-2212. The evolution of Bi-2212 flakes with exposure to water for different time intervals was tested and characterized by optical microscopy (OM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electrical measurements. The thickness of Bi-2212 flakes is gradually decreased in water, and some thin flakes can be completely etched away after a few days. The stability of Bi-2212 in other solvents is also evaluated, including alcohol, acetone, HCl, and KOH. The morphology of Bi-2212 flakes is relatively stable in organic solvents. However, the flakes are etched relatively quick in HCl and KOH, especially in an acidic environment. Our results imply that hydrogen ions are primarily responsible for the deterioration of their properties. Both TEM and calculation results demonstrate that the atoms in the Bi-O plane are relatively stable when compared to the inner atoms in Sr-O, Ca-O, and Cu-O planes. This work contributes toward understanding the chemical stability of a Bi-2212 superconducting device in environmental medium, which is important for both fundamental studies and practical applications of copper oxide high-temperature superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Liao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xu Han
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tao Dong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuxiang Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunyun Dai
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiuzhen Cheng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingming Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lifen Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Nan-Lin Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Yeliang Wang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xing-Jiang Zhou
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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