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Jiang Y, Qi Z, Zhu H, Shen K, Liu R, Fang C, Lou W, Jiang Y, Yuan W, Cao X, Chen L, Zhuang Q. Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1628-1643. [PMID: 38845220 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore, bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico-striato-pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease, particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremor-dominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia-thalamus network. Therefore, the composition of the globus pallidus neurons, the neurotransmitters that act on them, their electrical activity, and the neural circuits they form can guide the search for new multi-target drugs to treat Parkinson's disease in clinical practice. Examining the potential intra-nuclear and neural circuit mechanisms of deep brain stimulation associated with the globus pallidus can facilitate the management of both motor and non-motor symptoms while minimizing the side effects caused by deep brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimiao Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zengxin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixian Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kangli Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chenxin Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiwei Lou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wangrui Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianxing Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Mi X, Li M, Zhang Y, Qu L, Xu A, Xie J, Song N. Intracerebroventricular injection of α-synuclein preformed fibrils do not induce motor and olfactory impairment in C57BL/6 mice. Neuroscience 2024; 559:293-301. [PMID: 39251058 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alpha-synuclein (αSyn) is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total αSyn were significantly lower in PD patients, whereas the aggregates were higher, and this phenomenon was further exacerbated with longer disease duration. However, whether CSF αSyn can be the cause and/or a consequence in PD is not fully elucidated. METHOD We administered 2 ng or 200 ng αSyn preformed fibrils (PFFs) by intracerebroventricular injection for consecutive 7 days in C57BL/6 mice. The olfactory function was assessed by the olfactory discrimination test and buried food-seeking test. The locomotor function was assessed by the rotarod test, pole test, open field test and CatWalk gait analysis. Phosphorylated αSyn at serine 129 was detected by the immunohistochemistry staining. Iron levels was determined by Perl's-diaminobenzidine iron staining and synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence. RESULTS The mice did not exhibit any diffuse synucleinopathy in the brain for up to 30 weeks, although αSyn PFFs induced aggregation in SH-SY5Y cells and in the substantia nigra and striatum of mice with stereotactic injection. No impairment of motor behaviors or olfactory functions were observed, although there was a temporary motor enhancement at 1 week. We then demonstrated iron levels were comparable in certain brain regions, suggesting there was no iron deposition/redistribution occurred. CONCLUSION The intraventricular injection of αSyn PFFs does not induce synucleinopathy or behavioral symptoms. These findings have implications that CSF αSyn aggregates may not necessarily contribute to the onset or progression in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Mi
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Le Qu
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Aoyang Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Ning Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Fallah M, Udobi KC, Swiatek AE, Scott CB, Evans RC. Inhibitory basal ganglia nuclei differentially innervate pedunculopontine nucleus subpopulations and evoke opposite motor and valence behaviors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.05.606694. [PMID: 39149277 PMCID: PMC11326182 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.05.606694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The canonical basal ganglia model predicts that the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and the globus pallidus externa (GPe) will have specific effects on locomotion: the SNr inhibiting locomotion and the GPe enhancing it. In this manuscript, we use in vivo optogenetics to show that a projection-defined neural subpopulation within each structure exerts non-canonical effects on locomotion. These non-canonical subpopulations are defined by their projection to the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) and mediate opposing effects on reward. To understand how these structures differentially modulate the PPN, we use ex vivo whole-cell recording with optogenetics to comprehensively dissect the SNr and GPe connections to regionally- and molecularly-defined populations of PPN neurons. The SNr inhibits all PPN subtypes, but most strongly inhibits caudal glutamatergic neurons. The GPe selectively inhibits caudal glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, avoiding both cholinergic and rostral cells. This circuit characterization reveals non-canonical basal ganglia pathways for locomotion and valence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Fallah
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA 20007
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA 20007
- Senior author
| | - Kenea C Udobi
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA 20007
| | - Aleksandra E Swiatek
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA 20007
| | - Chelsea B Scott
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA 20007
| | - Rebekah C Evans
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA 20007
- Lead contact
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Gittis AH, Sillitoe RV. Circuit-Specific Deep Brain Stimulation Provides Insights into Movement Control. Annu Rev Neurosci 2024; 47:63-83. [PMID: 38424473 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-092823-104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a method in which electrical stimulation is delivered to specific areas of the brain, is an effective treatment for managing symptoms of a number of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical access to neural circuits during DBS provides an opportunity to study the functional link between neural circuits and behavior. This review discusses how the use of DBS in Parkinson's disease and dystonia has provided insights into the brain networks and physiological mechanisms that underlie motor control. In parallel, insights from basic science about how patterns of electrical stimulation impact plasticity and communication within neural circuits are transforming DBS from a therapy for treating symptoms to a therapy for treating circuits, with the goal of training the brain out of its diseased state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryn H Gittis
- Department of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Roy V Sillitoe
- Departments of Neuroscience, Pathology & Immunology, and Pediatrics; and Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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Lazaridis I, Crittenden JR, Ahn G, Hirokane K, Yoshida T, Wickersham IR, Mahar A, Skara V, Loftus JH, Parvataneni K, Meletis K, Ting JT, Hueske E, Matsushima A, Graybiel AM. Striosomes Target Nigral Dopamine-Containing Neurons via Direct-D1 and Indirect-D2 Pathways Paralleling Classic Direct-Indirect Basal Ganglia Systems. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.01.596922. [PMID: 38915684 PMCID: PMC11195572 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.01.596922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Balanced activity of canonical direct D1 and indirect D2 basal ganglia pathways is considered a core requirement for normal movement, and their imbalance is an etiologic factor in movement and neuropsychiatric disorders. We present evidence for a conceptually equivalent pair of direct-D1 and indirect-D2 pathways that arise from striatal projection neurons (SPNs) of the striosome compartment rather than from SPNs of the matrix, as do the canonical pathways. These S-D1 and S-D2 striosomal pathways target substantia nigra dopamine-containing neurons instead of basal ganglia motor output nuclei. They modulate movement oppositely to the modulation by the canonical pathways: S-D1 is inhibitory and S-D2 is excitatory. The S-D1 and S-D2 circuits likely influence motivation for learning and action, complementing and reorienting canonical pathway modulation. A major conceptual reformulation of the classic direct-indirect pathway model of basal ganglia function is needed, as well as reconsideration of the effects of D2-targeting therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iakovos Lazaridis
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Jill R. Crittenden
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Gun Ahn
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Kojiro Hirokane
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Tomoko Yoshida
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Ian R. Wickersham
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Ara Mahar
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | | | - Johnny H. Loftus
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Krishna Parvataneni
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | | | - Jonathan T. Ting
- Human Cell Types Dept, Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle WA 98109, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA
| | - Emily Hueske
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Ayano Matsushima
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
| | - Ann M. Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
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Balsdon T, Pisauro MA, Philiastides MG. Distinct basal ganglia contributions to learning from implicit and explicit value signals in perceptual decision-making. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5317. [PMID: 38909014 PMCID: PMC11193814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metacognitive evaluations of confidence provide an estimate of decision accuracy that could guide learning in the absence of explicit feedback. We examine how humans might learn from this implicit feedback in direct comparison with that of explicit feedback, using simultaneous EEG-fMRI. Participants performed a motion direction discrimination task where stimulus difficulty was increased to maintain performance, with intermixed explicit- and no-feedback trials. We isolate single-trial estimates of post-decision confidence using EEG decoding, and find these neural signatures re-emerge at the time of feedback together with separable signatures of explicit feedback. We identified these signatures of implicit versus explicit feedback along a dorsal-ventral gradient in the striatum, a finding uniquely enabled by an EEG-fMRI fusion. These two signals appear to integrate into an aggregate representation in the external globus pallidus, which could broadcast updates to improve cortical decision processing via the thalamus and insular cortex, irrespective of the source of feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarryn Balsdon
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Laboratory of Perceptual Systems, DEC, ENS, PSL University, CNRS UMR 8248, Paris, France.
| | - M Andrea Pisauro
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Marios G Philiastides
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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7
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Shen C, Shen B, Liu D, Han L, Zou K, Gan L, Ren J, Wu B, Tang Y, Zhao J, Sun Y, Liu F, Yu W, Yao H, Wu J, Wang J. Bidirectional regulation of levodopa-induced dyskinesia by a specific neural ensemble in globus pallidus external segment. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101566. [PMID: 38759649 PMCID: PMC11228392 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is an intractable motor complication arising in Parkinson's disease with the progression of disease and chronic treatment of levodopa. However, the specific cell assemblies mediating dyskinesia have not been fully elucidated. Here, we utilize the activity-dependent tool to identify three brain regions (globus pallidus external segment [GPe], parafascicular thalamic nucleus, and subthalamic nucleus) that specifically contain dyskinesia-activated ensembles. An intensity-dependent hyperactivity in the dyskinesia-activated subpopulation in GPe (GPeTRAPed in LID) is observed during dyskinesia. Optogenetic inhibition of GPeTRAPed in LID significantly ameliorates LID, whereas reactivation of GPeTRAPed in LID evokes dyskinetic behavior in the levodopa-off state. Simultaneous chemogenetic reactivation of GPeTRAPed in LID and another previously reported ensemble in striatum fully reproduces the dyskinesia induced by high-dose levodopa. Finally, we characterize GPeTRAPed in LID as a subset of prototypic neurons in GPe. These findings provide theoretical foundations for precision medication and modulation of LID in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Han
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexin Zou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linhua Gan
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Tang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Zhao
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Sun
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengtao Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haishan Yao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianjun Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Aristieta A, Parker JE, Gao YE, Rubin JE, Gittis AH. Dopamine depletion weakens direct pathway modulation of SNr neurons. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106512. [PMID: 38670278 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurons in the substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) transmit information about basal ganglia output to dozens of brain regions in thalamocortical and brainstem motor networks. Activity of SNr neurons is regulated by convergent input from upstream basal ganglia nuclei, including GABAergic inputs from the striatum and the external globus pallidus (GPe). GABAergic inputs from the striatum convey information from the direct pathway, while GABAergic inputs from the GPe convey information from the indirect pathway. Chronic loss of dopamine, as occurs in Parkinson's disease, disrupts the balance of direct and indirect pathway neurons at the level of the striatum, but the question of how dopamine loss affects information propagation along these pathways outside of the striatum is less well understood. Using a combination of in vivo and slice electrophysiology, we find that dopamine depletion selectively weakens the direct pathway's influence over neural activity in the SNr due to changes in the decay kinetics of GABA-mediated synaptic currents. GABAergic signaling from GPe neurons in the indirect pathway was not affected, resulting in an inversion of the normal balance of inhibitory control over basal ganglia output through the SNr. These results highlight the contribution of cellular mechanisms outside of the striatum that impact the responses of basal ganglia output neurons to the direct and indirect pathways in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Aristieta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - John E Parker
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ya Emma Gao
- Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jonathan E Rubin
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Aryn H Gittis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Choi YK, Feng L, Jeong WK, Kim J. Connecto-informatics at the mesoscale: current advances in image processing and analysis for mapping the brain connectivity. Brain Inform 2024; 11:15. [PMID: 38833195 DOI: 10.1186/s40708-024-00228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mapping neural connections within the brain has been a fundamental goal in neuroscience to understand better its functions and changes that follow aging and diseases. Developments in imaging technology, such as microscopy and labeling tools, have allowed researchers to visualize this connectivity through high-resolution brain-wide imaging. With this, image processing and analysis have become more crucial. However, despite the wealth of neural images generated, access to an integrated image processing and analysis pipeline to process these data is challenging due to scattered information on available tools and methods. To map the neural connections, registration to atlases and feature extraction through segmentation and signal detection are necessary. In this review, our goal is to provide an updated overview of recent advances in these image-processing methods, with a particular focus on fluorescent images of the mouse brain. Our goal is to outline a pathway toward an integrated image-processing pipeline tailored for connecto-informatics. An integrated workflow of these image processing will facilitate researchers' approach to mapping brain connectivity to better understand complex brain networks and their underlying brain functions. By highlighting the image-processing tools available for fluroscent imaging of the mouse brain, this review will contribute to a deeper grasp of connecto-informatics, paving the way for better comprehension of brain connectivity and its implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyoung Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Won-Ki Jeong
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
- KIST-SKKU Brain Research Center, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
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Giossi C, Bahuguna J, Rubin JE, Verstynen T, Vich C. Arkypallidal neurons in the external globus pallidus can mediate inhibitory control by altering competition in the striatum. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592321. [PMID: 38746308 PMCID: PMC11092778 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Reactive inhibitory control is crucial for survival. Traditionally, this control in mammals was attributed solely to the hyperdirect pathway, with cortical control signals flowing unidirectionally from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) to basal ganglia output regions. Yet recent findings have put this model into question, suggesting that the STN is assisted in stopping actions through ascending control signals to the striatum mediated by the external globus pallidus (GPe). Here we investigate this suggestion by harnessing a biologically-constrained spiking model of the corticobasal ganglia-thalamic (CBGT) circuit that includes pallidostriatal pathways originating from arkypallidal neurons. Through a series of experiments probing the interaction between three critical inhibitory nodes (the STN, arkypallidal cells, and indirect path-way spiny projection neurons), we find that the GPe acts as a critical mediator of both ascending and descending inhibitory signals in the CBGT circuit. In particular, pallidostriatal pathways regulate this process by weakening the direct pathway dominance of the evidence accumulation process driving decisions, which increases the relative suppressive influence of the indirect pathway on basal ganglia output. These findings delineate how pallidostriatal pathways can facilitate action cancellation by managing the bidirectional flow of information within CBGT circuits.
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11
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Jones JA, Peña J, Likhotvorik RI, Garcia-Castañeda BI, Wilson CJ. Comparison of unitary synaptic currents generated by indirect and direct pathway neurons of the mouse striatum. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:914-936. [PMID: 38596834 PMCID: PMC11381124 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00066.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Two subtypes of striatal spiny projection neurons, iSPNs and dSPNs, whose axons form the "indirect" and "direct" pathways of the basal ganglia, respectively, both make synaptic connections in the external globus pallidus (GPe) but are usually found to have different effects on behavior. Activation of the terminal fields of iSPNs or dSPNs generated compound currents in almost all GPe neurons. To determine whether iSPNs and dSPNs have the same or different effects on pallidal neurons, we studied the unitary synaptic currents generated in GPe neurons by action potentials in single striatal neurons. We used optogenetic excitation to elicit repetitive firing in a small number of nearby SPNs, producing sparse barrages of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in GPe neurons. From these barrages, we isolated sequences of IPSCs with similar time courses and amplitudes, which presumably arose from the same SPN. There was no difference between the amplitudes of unitary IPSCs generated by the indirect and direct pathways. Most unitary IPSCs were small, but a subset from each pathway were much larger. To determine the effects of these unitary synaptic currents on the action potential firing of GPe neurons, we drove SPNs to fire as before and recorded the membrane potential of GPe neurons. Large unitary potentials from iSPNs and dSPNs perturbed the spike timing of GPe neurons in a similar way. Most SPN-GPe neuron pairs are weakly connected, but a subset of pairs in both pathways are strongly connected.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to record the synaptic currents generated by single identified direct or indirect pathway striatal neurons on single pallidal neurons. Each GPe neuron receives synaptic inputs from both pathways. Most striatal neurons generate small synaptic currents that become influential when occurring together, but a few are powerful enough to be individually influential.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Jacob Peña
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Rostislav I Likhotvorik
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Brandon I Garcia-Castañeda
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Charles J Wilson
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
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12
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Giossi C, Rubin JE, Gittis A, Verstynen T, Vich C. Rethinking the external globus pallidus and information flow in cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits. Eur J Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38659055 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
For decades, the external globus pallidus (GPe) has been viewed as a passive way-station in the indirect pathway of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic (CBGT) circuit, sandwiched between striatal inputs and basal ganglia outputs. According to this model, one-way descending striatal signals in the indirect pathway amplify the suppression of downstream thalamic nuclei by inhibiting GPe activity. Here, we revisit this assumption, in light of new and emerging work on the cellular complexity, connectivity and functional role of the GPe in behaviour. We show how, according to this new circuit-level logic, the GPe is ideally positioned for relaying ascending and descending control signals within the basal ganglia. Focusing on the problem of inhibitory control, we illustrate how this bidirectional flow of information allows for the integration of reactive and proactive control mechanisms during action selection. Taken together, this new evidence points to the GPe as being a central hub in the CBGT circuit, participating in bidirectional information flow and linking multifaceted control signals to regulate behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Giossi
- Departament de Ciències Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- Institute of Applied Computing and Community Code, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Jonathan E Rubin
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aryn Gittis
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy Verstynen
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Catalina Vich
- Departament de Ciències Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
- Institute of Applied Computing and Community Code, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
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13
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Yang W, Bai X, Guan X, Zhou C, Guo T, Wu J, Xu X, Zhang M, Zhang B, Pu J, Tian J. The longitudinal volumetric and shape changes of subcortical nuclei in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7494. [PMID: 38553518 PMCID: PMC10980751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain structural changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) are progressive throughout the disease course. Changes in surface morphology with disease progression remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the volumetric and shape changes of the subcortical nuclei during disease progression and explore their association with clinical symptoms. Thirty-four patients and 32 healthy controls were enrolled. The global volume and shape of the subcortical nuclei were compared between patients and controls at baseline. The volume and shape changes of the subcortical nuclei were also explored between baseline and 2 years of follow-up. Association analysis was performed between the volume of subcortical structures and clinical symptoms. In patients with PD, there were significantly atrophied areas in the left pallidum and left putamen, while in healthy controls, the right putamen was dilated compared to baseline. The local morphology of the left pallidum was correlated with Mini Mental State Examination scores. The left putamen shape variation was negatively correlated with changes in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale PART III scores. Local morphological atrophy of the putamen and pallidum is an important pathophysiological change in the development of PD, and is associated with motor symptoms and cognitive status in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Guan
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Pu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Guilhemsang L, Mallet NP. Arkypallidal neurons in basal ganglia circuits: Unveiling novel pallidostriatal loops? Curr Opin Neurobiol 2024; 84:102814. [PMID: 38016260 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Just over a decade ago, a novel GABAergic input originating from a subpopulation of external globus pallidus neurons known as Arkypallidal and projecting exclusively to the striatum was unveiled. At the single-cell level, these pallidostriatal Arkypallidal projections represent one of the largest extrinsic sources of GABA known to innervate the dorsal striatum. This discovery has sparked new questions regarding their role in striatal information processing, the circuit that recruit these neurons, and their influence on behaviour, especially in the context of action selection vs. inhibition. In this review, we will present the different anatomo-functional organization of Arkypallidal neurons as compared to classic Prototypic neurons, including their unique molecular properties and what is known about their specific input/output synaptic organization. We will further describe recent findings that demonstrate one mode of action of Arkypallidal neurons, which is to convey feedback inhibition to the striatum, and how this mechanism is differentially modulated by both striatal projection pathways. Lastly, we will delve into speculations on their mechanistic contribution to striatal action execution or inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Guilhemsang
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas P Mallet
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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15
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Gonzalo-Martín E, Alonso-Martínez C, Sepúlveda LP, Clasca F. Micropopulation mapping of the mouse parafascicular nucleus connections reveals diverse input-output motifs. Front Neuroanat 2024; 17:1305500. [PMID: 38260117 PMCID: PMC10800635 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1305500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In primates, including humans, the centromedian/parafascicular (CM-Pf) complex is a key thalamic node of the basal ganglia system. Deep brain stimulation in CM-Pf has been applied for the treatment of motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease or Tourette syndrome. Rodents have become widely used models for the study of the cellular and genetic mechanisms of these and other motor disorders. However, the equivalence between the primate CM-Pf and the nucleus regarded as analogous in rodents (Parafascicular, Pf) remains unclear. Methods Here, we analyzed the neurochemical architecture and carried out a brain-wide mapping of the input-output motifs in the mouse Pf at micropopulation level using anterograde and retrograde labeling methods. Specifically, we mapped and quantified the sources of cortical and subcortical input to different Pf subregions, and mapped and compared the distribution and terminal structure of their axons. Results We found that projections to Pf arise predominantly (>75%) from the cerebral cortex, with an unusually strong (>45%) Layer 5b component, which is, in part, contralateral. The intermediate layers of the superior colliculus are the main subcortical input source to Pf. On its output side, Pf neuron axons predominantly innervate the striatum. In a sparser fashion, they innervate other basal ganglia nuclei, including the subthalamic nucleus (STN), and the cerebral cortex. Differences are evident between the lateral and medial portions of Pf, both in chemoarchitecture and in connectivity. Lateral Pf axons innervate territories of the striatum, STN and cortex involved in the sensorimotor control of different parts of the contralateral hemibody. In contrast, the mediodorsal portion of Pf innervates oculomotor-limbic territories in the above three structures. Discussion Our data thus indicate that the mouse Pf consists of several neurochemically and connectively distinct domains whose global organization bears a marked similarity to that described in the primate CM-Pf complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francisco Clasca
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Autónoma de Madrid University, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Jeong M, Choi JH, Jang H, Sohn DH, Wang Q, Lee J, Yao L, Lee EJ, Fan J, Pratelli M, Wang EH, Snyder CN, Wang XY, Shin S, Gittis AH, Sung TC, Spitzer NC, Lim BK. Viral vector-mediated transgene delivery with novel recombinase systems for targeting neuronal populations defined by multiple features. Neuron 2024; 112:56-72.e4. [PMID: 37909037 PMCID: PMC10916502 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of neuronal diversity and connectivity is essential for understanding the anatomical and cellular mechanisms that underlie functional contributions. With the advent of single-cell analysis, growing information regarding molecular profiles leads to the identification of more heterogeneous cell types. Therefore, the need for additional orthogonal recombinase systems is increasingly apparent, as heterogeneous tissues can be further partitioned into increasing numbers of specific cell types defined by multiple features. Critically, new recombinase systems should work together with pre-existing systems without cross-reactivity in vivo. Here, we introduce novel site-specific recombinase systems based on ΦC31 bacteriophage recombinase for labeling multiple cell types simultaneously and a novel viral strategy for versatile and robust intersectional expression of any transgene. Together, our system will help researchers specifically target different cell types with multiple features in the same animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Jeong
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jun-Hyeok Choi
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hyeonseok Jang
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Sohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Qingdi Wang
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joann Lee
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Li Yao
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jiachen Fan
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Marta Pratelli
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eric H Wang
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christen N Snyder
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sora Shin
- Center for Neurobiology Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Aryn H Gittis
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tsung-Chang Sung
- Transgenic Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas C Spitzer
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Byung Kook Lim
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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17
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Fang LZ, Creed MC. Updating the striatal-pallidal wiring diagram. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:15-27. [PMID: 38057614 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01518-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The striatal and pallidal complexes are basal ganglia structures that orchestrate learning and execution of flexible behavior. Models of how the basal ganglia subserve these functions have evolved considerably, and the advent of optogenetic and molecular tools has shed light on the heterogeneity of subcircuits within these pathways. However, a synthesis of how molecularly diverse neurons integrate into existing models of basal ganglia function is lacking. Here, we provide an overview of the neurochemical and molecular diversity of striatal and pallidal neurons and synthesize recent circuit connectivity studies in rodents that takes this diversity into account. We also highlight anatomical organizational principles that distinguish the dorsal and ventral basal ganglia pathways in rodents. Future work integrating the molecular and anatomical properties of striatal and pallidal subpopulations may resolve controversies regarding basal ganglia network function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Z Fang
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Meaghan C Creed
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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18
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Frost-Nylén J, Thompson WS, Robertson B, Grillner S. The Basal Ganglia Downstream Control of Action - An Evolutionarily Conserved Strategy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1419-1430. [PMID: 37563813 PMCID: PMC11097981 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230810141746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The motor areas of the cortex and the basal ganglia both contribute to determining which motor actions will be recruited at any moment in time, and their functions are intertwined. Here, we review the basal ganglia mechanisms underlying the selection of behavior of the downstream control of motor centers in the midbrain and brainstem and show that the basic organization of the forebrain motor system is evolutionarily conserved throughout vertebrate phylogeny. The output level of the basal ganglia (e.g. substantia nigra pars reticulata) has GABAergic neurons that are spontaneously active at rest and inhibit a number of specific motor centers, each of which can be relieved from inhibition if the inhibitory output neurons themselves become inhibited. The motor areas of the cortex act partially via the dorsolateral striatum (putamen), which has specific modules for the forelimb, hindlimb, trunk, etc. Each module operates in turn through the two types of striatal projection neurons that control the output modules of the basal ganglia and thereby the downstream motor centers. The mechanisms for lateral inhibition in the striatum are reviewed as well as other striatal mechanisms contributing to action selection. The motor cortex also exerts a direct excitatory action on specific motor centers. An overview is given of the basal ganglia control exerted on the different midbrain/brainstem motor centers, and the efference copy information fed back via the thalamus to the striatum and cortex, which is of importance for the planning of future movements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brita Robertson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Grillner
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Giossi C, Rubin JE, Gittis A, Verstynen T, Vich C. Rethinking the external globus pallidus and information flow in cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits. ARXIV 2023:arXiv:2312.14267v2. [PMID: 38196745 PMCID: PMC10775352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
For decades the external globus pallidus (GPe) has been viewed as a passive way-station in the indirect pathway of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic (CBGT) circuit, sandwiched between striatal inputs and basal ganglia outputs. According to this model, one-way descending striatal signals in the indirect pathway amplify the suppression of downstream thalamic nuclei by inhibiting GPe activity. Here we revisit this assumption, in light of new and emerging work on the cellular complexity, connectivity, and functional role of the GPe in behavior. We show how, according to this new circuit-level logic, the GPe is ideally positioned for relaying ascending and descending control signals within the basal ganglia. Focusing on the problem of inhibitory control, we illustrate how this bidirectional flow of information allows for the integration of reactive and proactive control mechanisms during action selection. Taken together, this new evidence points to the GPe as being a central hub in the CBGT circuit, participating in bidirectional information flow and linking multifaceted control signals to regulate behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Giossi
- Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
- Institute of Applied Computing and Community Code, Palma, Spain
| | - Jonathan E Rubin
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aryn Gittis
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Timothy Verstynen
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Catalina Vich
- Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
- Institute of Applied Computing and Community Code, Palma, Spain
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20
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Braine A, Georges F. Emotion in action: When emotions meet motor circuits. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105475. [PMID: 37996047 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The brain is a remarkably complex organ responsible for a wide range of functions, including the modulation of emotional states and movement. Neuronal circuits are believed to play a crucial role in integrating sensory, cognitive, and emotional information to ultimately guide motor behavior. Over the years, numerous studies employing diverse techniques such as electrophysiology, imaging, and optogenetics have revealed a complex network of neural circuits involved in the regulation of emotional or motor processes. Emotions can exert a substantial influence on motor performance, encompassing both everyday activities and pathological conditions. The aim of this review is to explore how emotional states can shape movements by connecting the neural circuits for emotional processing to motor neural circuits. We first provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of different emotional states on motor control in humans and rodents. In line with behavioral studies, we set out to identify emotion-related structures capable of modulating motor output, behaviorally and anatomically. Neuronal circuits involved in emotional processing are extensively connected to the motor system. These circuits can drive emotional behavior, essential for survival, but can also continuously shape ongoing movement. In summary, the investigation of the intricate relationship between emotion and movement offers valuable insights into human behavior, including opportunities to enhance performance, and holds promise for improving mental and physical health. This review integrates findings from multiple scientific approaches, including anatomical tracing, circuit-based dissection, and behavioral studies, conducted in both animal and human subjects. By incorporating these different methodologies, we aim to present a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the emotional modulation of movement in both physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaelle Braine
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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21
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Wang J, Wang X, Li H, Shi L, Song N, Xie J. Updates on brain regions and neuronal circuits of movement disorders in Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102097. [PMID: 38511877 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a global burden that affects more often in the elderly. The basal ganglia (BG) is believed to account for movement disorders in PD. More recently, new findings in the original regions in BG involved in motor control, as well as the new circuits or new nucleuses previously not specifically considered were explored. In the present review, we provide up-to-date information related to movement disorders and modulations in PD, especially from the perspectives of brain regions and neuronal circuits. Meanwhile, there are updates in deep brain stimulation (DBS) and other factors for the motor improvement in PD. Comprehensive understandings of brain regions and neuronal circuits involved in motor control could benefit the development of novel therapeutical strategies in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Limin Shi
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Song
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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22
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Zhai S, Cui Q, Simmons DV, Surmeier DJ. Distributed dopaminergic signaling in the basal ganglia and its relationship to motor disability in Parkinson's disease. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 83:102798. [PMID: 37866012 PMCID: PMC10842063 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons that innervate the basal ganglia is responsible for the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been thought that loss of dopaminergic signaling in one basal ganglia region - the striatum - was solely responsible for the network pathophysiology causing PD motor symptoms. While our understanding of dopamine (DA)'s role in modulating striatal circuitry has deepened in recent years, it also has become clear that it acts in other regions of the basal ganglia to influence movement. Underscoring this point, examination of a new progressive mouse model of PD shows that striatal dopamine DA depletion alone is not sufficient to induce parkinsonism and that restoration of extra-striatal DA signaling attenuates parkinsonian motor deficits once they appear. This review summarizes recent advances in the effort to understand basal ganglia circuitry, its modulation by DA, and how its dysfunction drives PD motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyu Zhai
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Qiaoling Cui
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - DeNard V Simmons
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - D James Surmeier
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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23
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Biswas S, Chan CS, Rubenstein JLR, Gan L. The transcription regulator Lmo3 is required for the development of medial ganglionic eminence derived neurons in the external globus pallidus. Dev Biol 2023; 503:10-24. [PMID: 37532091 PMCID: PMC10658356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The external globus pallidus (GPe) is an essential component of the basal ganglia, a group of subcortical nuclei that are involved in control of action. Changes in the firing of GPe neurons are associated with both passive and active body movements. Aberrant activity of GPe neurons has been linked to motor symptoms of a variety of movement disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's disease and dystonia. Recent studies have helped delineate functionally distinct subtypes of GABAergic GPe projection neurons. However, not much is known about specific molecular mechanisms underlying the development of GPe neuronal subtypes. We show that the transcriptional regulator Lmo3 is required for the development of medial ganglionic eminence derived Nkx2.1+ and PV+ GPe neurons, but not lateral ganglionic eminence derived FoxP2+ neurons. As a consequence of the reduction in PV+ neurons, Lmo3-null mice have a reduced GPe input to the subthalamic nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiona Biswas
- The Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
| | - C Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - John L R Rubenstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and the Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
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24
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Labouesse MA, Torres-Herraez A, Chohan MO, Villarin JM, Greenwald J, Sun X, Zahran M, Tang A, Lam S, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Lacefield CO, Bonaventura J, Michaelides M, Chan CS, Yizhar O, Kellendonk C. A non-canonical striatopallidal Go pathway that supports motor control. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6712. [PMID: 37872145 PMCID: PMC10593790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the classical model of the basal ganglia, direct pathway striatal projection neurons (dSPNs) send projections to the substantia nigra (SNr) and entopeduncular nucleus to regulate motor function. Recent studies have re-established that dSPNs also possess axon collaterals within the globus pallidus (GPe) (bridging collaterals), yet the significance of these collaterals for behavior is unknown. Here we use in vivo optical and chemogenetic tools combined with deep learning approaches in mice to dissect the roles of dSPN GPe collaterals in motor function. We find that dSPNs projecting to the SNr send synchronous motor-related information to the GPe via axon collaterals. Inhibition of native activity in dSPN GPe terminals impairs motor activity and function via regulation of Npas1 neurons. We propose a model by which dSPN GPe axon collaterals (striatopallidal Go pathway) act in concert with the canonical terminals in the SNr to support motor control by inhibiting Npas1 neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A Labouesse
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Health, Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Arturo Torres-Herraez
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Muhammad O Chohan
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Joseph M Villarin
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Julia Greenwald
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Mysarah Zahran
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Alice Tang
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Sherry Lam
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Clay O Lacefield
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jordi Bonaventura
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Institut de Neurociències, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - C Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Departments of Brain Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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25
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Sáez M, Keifman E, Alberquilla S, Coll C, Reig R, Murer MG, Moratalla R. D2 dopamine receptors and the striatopallidal pathway modulate L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the mouse. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 186:106278. [PMID: 37683958 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) remains a major complication of Parkinson's disease management for which better therapies are necessary. The contribution of the striatonigral direct pathway to LID is widely acknowledged but whether the striatopallidal pathway is involved remains debated. Selective optogenetic stimulation of striatonigral axon terminals induces dyskinesia in mice rendered hemiparkinsonian with the toxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Here we show that optogenetically-induced dyskinesia is increased by the D2-type dopamine receptor agonist quinpirole. Although the quinpirole effect may be mediated by D2 receptor stimulation in striatopallidal neurons, alternative mechanisms may be responsible as well. To selectively modulate the striatopallidal pathway, we selectively expressed channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in D2 receptor expressing neurons by crossing D2-Cre and ChR2-flox mice. The animals were rendered hemiparkinsonian and implanted with an optic fiber at the ipsilateral external globus pallidus (GPe). Stimulation of ChR2 at striatopallidal axon terminals reduced LID and also general motility during the off L-DOPA state, without modifying the pro-motor effect of low doses of L-DOPA producing mild or no dyskinesia. Overall, the present study shows that D2-type dopamine receptors and the striatopallidal pathway modulate dyskinesia and suggest that targeting striatopallidal axon terminals at the GPe may have therapeutic potential in the management of LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sáez
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain; Instituto de Neurociencias UMH-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante 03550, Spain
| | - Ettel Keifman
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO Houssay), 2155 Paraguay St, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina
| | - Samuel Alberquilla
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camila Coll
- Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO Houssay), 2155 Paraguay St, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina
| | - Ramón Reig
- Instituto de Neurociencias UMH-CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante 03550, Spain
| | - Mario Gustavo Murer
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO Houssay), 2155 Paraguay St, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina.
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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26
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López-Niño J, Padilla-Orozco M, Ortega A, Alejandra Cáceres-Chávez V, Tapia D, Laville A, Galarraga E, Bargas J. Dopaminergic Dependency of Cholinergic Pallidal Neurons. Neuroscience 2023; 528:12-25. [PMID: 37536611 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
We employed the whole-cell patch-clamp method and ChAT-Cre mice to study the electrophysiological attributes of cholinergic neurons in the external globus pallidus. Most neurons were inactive, although approximately 20% displayed spontaneous firing, including burst firing. The resting membrane potential, the whole neuron input resistance, the membrane time constant and the total neuron membrane capacitance were also characterized. The current-voltage relationship showed time-independent inward rectification without a "sag". Firing induced by current injections had a brief initial fast adaptation followed by tonic firing with minimal accommodation. Intensity-frequency plots exhibited maximal average firing rates of about 10 Hz. These traits are similar to those of some cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Also, we examined their dopamine sensitivity by acutely blocking dopamine receptors. This action demonstrated that the membrane potential, excitability, and firing pattern of pallidal cholinergic neurons rely on the constitutive activity of dopamine receptors, primarily D2-class receptors. The blockade of these receptors induced a resting membrane potential hyperpolarization, a decrease in firing for the same stimulus, the disappearance of fast adaptation, and the emergence of a depolarization block. This shift in physiological characteristics was evident even when the hyperpolarization was corrected with D.C. current. Neither the currents that generate the action potentials nor those from synaptic inputs were responsible. Instead, our findings suggest, that subthreshold slow ion currents, that require further investigation, are the target of this novel dopaminergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janintzitzic López-Niño
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Padilla-Orozco
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Aidán Ortega
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Dagoberto Tapia
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Antonio Laville
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Elvira Galarraga
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - José Bargas
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
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27
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Isett BR, Nguyen KP, Schwenk JC, Yurek JR, Snyder CN, Vounatsos MV, Adegbesan KA, Ziausyte U, Gittis AH. The indirect pathway of the basal ganglia promotes transient punishment but not motor suppression. Neuron 2023; 111:2218-2231.e4. [PMID: 37207651 PMCID: PMC10524991 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetic stimulation of Adora2a receptor-expressing spiny projection neurons (A2A-SPNs) in the striatum drives locomotor suppression and transient punishment, results attributed to activation of the indirect pathway. The sole long-range projection target of A2A-SPNs is the external globus pallidus (GPe). Unexpectedly, we found that inhibition of the GPe drove transient punishment but not suppression of movement. Within the striatum, A2A-SPNs inhibit other SPNs through a short-range inhibitory collateral network, and we found that optogenetic stimuli that drove motor suppression shared a common mechanism of recruiting this inhibitory collateral network. Our results suggest that the indirect pathway plays a more prominent role in transient punishment than in motor control and challenges the assumption that activity of A2A-SPNs is synonymous with indirect pathway activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Isett
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katrina P Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jenna C Schwenk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeff R Yurek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christen N Snyder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maxime V Vounatsos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kendra A Adegbesan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ugne Ziausyte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aryn H Gittis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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28
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Benarroch E. What Is the Role of the Intralaminar Thalamic Input to the Striatum and Its Potential Implications in Parkinson Disease? Neurology 2023; 101:118-123. [PMID: 37460225 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
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29
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Courtney CD, Pamukcu A, Chan CS. Cell and circuit complexity of the external globus pallidus. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1147-1159. [PMID: 37336974 PMCID: PMC11382492 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The external globus pallidus (GPe) of the basal ganglia has been underappreciated owing to poor understanding of its cells and circuits. It was assumed that the GPe consisted of a homogeneous neuron population primarily serving as a 'relay station' for information flowing through the indirect basal ganglia pathway. However, the advent of advanced tools in rodent models has sparked a resurgence in interest in the GPe. Here, we review recent data that have unveiled the cell and circuit complexity of the GPe. These discoveries have revealed that the GPe does not conform to traditional views of the basal ganglia. In particular, recent evidence confirms that the afferent and efferent connections of the GPe span both the direct and the indirect pathways. Furthermore, the GPe displays broad interconnectivity beyond the basal ganglia, consistent with its emerging multifaceted roles in both motor and non-motor functions. In summary, recent data prompt new proposals for computational rules of the basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor D Courtney
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arin Pamukcu
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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30
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Kang S, Hong SI, Kang S, Song M, Yang MA, Essa H, Baker M, Lee J, Bruce RA, Lee SW, Choi DS. Astrocyte activities in the external globus pallidus regulate action-selection strategies in reward-seeking behaviors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh9239. [PMID: 37327345 PMCID: PMC10275597 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh9239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An imbalance in goal-directed and habitual behavioral control is a hallmark of decision-making-related disorders, including addiction. Although external globus pallidus (GPe) is critical for action selection, which harbors enriched astrocytes, the role of GPe astrocytes involved in action-selection strategies remained unknown. Using in vivo calcium signaling with fiber photometry, we found substantially attenuated GPe astrocytic activity during habitual learning compared to goal-directed learning. The support vector machine analysis predicted the behavioral outcomes. Chemogenetic activation of the astrocytes or inhibition of GPe pan-neuronal activities facilitates the transition from habit to goal-directed reward-seeking behavior. Next, we found increased astrocyte-specific GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) transporter type 3 (GAT3) messenger RNA expression during habit learning. Notably, the pharmacological inhibition of GAT3 occluded astrocyte activation-induced transition from habitual to goal-directed behavior. On the other hand, attentional stimuli shifted the habit to goal-directed behaviors. Our findings suggest that the GPe astrocytes regulate the action selection strategy and behavioral flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinwoo Kang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sa-Ik Hong
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Seungwoo Kang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Minryung Song
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Abel Yang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hesham Essa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew Baker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jeyeon Lee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert A. Bruce
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sang Wan Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Kim Jaechul Graduate School of AI, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
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31
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Courtney CD, Chan CS. Cell type-specific processing of non-motor signals in the external pallidum. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:336-337. [PMID: 36935263 PMCID: PMC11107425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The external globus pallidus (GPe) regulates motor control. However, whether the GPe encodes non-motor information remains unclear. Two recent studies, by Johansson and Ketzef, and Katabi et al., provide in vivo evidence for GPe neuron processing of sensory stimulation and reward cues via a division of labor among its cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor D Courtney
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - C Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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32
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Di Bisceglie Caballero S, Ces A, Liberge M, Ambroggi F, Amalric M, Ouagazzal AM. Optogenetic Globus Pallidus Stimulation Improves Motor Deficits in 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7935. [PMID: 37175643 PMCID: PMC10178372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive inhibition of the external globus pallidus (GPe) by striatal GABAergic neurons is considered a central mechanism contributing to motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). While electrophysiological findings support this view, behavioral studies assessing the beneficial effects of global GPe activations are scarce and the reported results are controversial. We used an optogenetic approach and the standard unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) lesion model of PD to explore the effects of GPe photostimulation on motor deficits in mice. Global optogenetic GPe inhibition was used in normal mice to verify whether it reproduced the typical motor impairment induced by DA lesions. GPe activation improved ipsilateral circling, contralateral forelimb akinesia, locomotor hypoactivity, and bradykinesia in 6-OHDA-lesioned mice at ineffective photostimulation parameters (532 nm, 5 Hz, 3 mW) in normal mice. GPe photoinhibition (450 nm, 12 mW) had no effect on locomotor activity and forelimb use in normal mice. Bilateral photoinhibition (450 nm, 6 mW/side) reduced directed exploration and improved working memory performances indicating that recruitment of GPe in physiological conditions may depend on the behavioral task involved. Collectively, these findings shed new light on the functional role of GPe and suggest that it is a promising target for neuromodulatory restoration of motor deficits in PD.
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33
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Sitzia G, Lovinger DM. Circuit dysfunctions of associative and sensorimotor basal ganglia loops in alcohol use disorder: insights from animal models. ADDICTION NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 5:100056. [PMID: 36567745 PMCID: PMC9788651 DOI: 10.1016/j.addicn.2022.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Persons that develop Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) experience behavioral changes that include compulsion to seek and take alcohol despite its negative consequences on the person's psychosocial, health and economic spheres, inability to limit alcohol intake and a negative emotional/ motivational state that emerges during withdrawal. During all the stages of AUD executive functions, i.e. the person's ability to direct their behavior towards a goal, working memory and cognitive flexibility are eroded. Animal models of AUD recapitulate aspects of action selection impairment and offer the opportunity to benchmark the underlying circuit mechanisms. Here we propose a circuit-based approach to AUD research focusing on recent advances in behavioral analysis, neuroanatomy, genetics, and physiology to guide future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Sitzia
- Current Address: Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, US National Institutes of Health, Rockville, USA
- Molecular Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David M. Lovinger
- Current Address: Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, US National Institutes of Health, Rockville, USA
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Liang M, Chen L, He Q, Mi X, Qu L, Xie J, Song N. Intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran induces peripheral iron overload and mild neurodegeneration in the nigrostriatal system in C57BL/6 mice. Life Sci 2023; 320:121508. [PMID: 36858315 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Elevated iron levels in the affected areas of brain are linked to several neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). This study investigated the influence of peripheral iron overload in peripheral tissues, as well as its entry into the brain regions on lysosomal functions. The survival of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal system and motor coordination were also investigated. MAIN METHODS An intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran (FeDx) mouse model was established. Western blot was used to detect iron deposition and lysosomal functions in the liver, spleen, hippocampal (HC), striatum (STR), substantia nigra (SN) and olfactory bulb (OB). Iron in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was determined by an iron assay kit. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were applied to detect dopaminergic neurons and fibers. Motor behavior was evaluated by gait analysis. KEY FINDINGS Iron was deposited consistently in the liver and spleen, and serum iron was elevated. While iron deposition occurred late in the HC, STR and SN, without apparently affecting CSF iron levels. Although cathepsin B (CTSB), cathepsin D (CTSD), glucocerebrosidase (GCase) and lysosome integrated membrane protein 2 (LIMP-2) protein levels were dramatically up-regulated in the liver and spleen, they were almost unchanged in the brain regions. However, CTSB was up-regulated in acute iron-overloaded OB and primary cultured astrocytes. The number of dopaminergic neurons in the SN remained unchanged, and mice did not exhibit significant motor incoordination. SIGNIFICANCE Intraperitoneal injection of FeDx in mice induces largely peripheral iron overload while not necessarily sufficient to cause severe disruption of the nigrostriatal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Liang
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Xiaoqing Mi
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Le Qu
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Ning Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Labouesse MA, Torres-Herraez A, Chohan MO, Villarin J, Greenwald J, Sun X, Zahran M, Tang A, Lam S, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Lacefield C, Bonaventura J, Michaelides M, Chan CS, Yizhar O, Kellendonk C. A non-canonical striatopallidal "Go" pathway that supports motor control. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2524816. [PMID: 36798372 PMCID: PMC9934763 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2524816/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In the classical model of the basal ganglia, direct pathway striatal projection neurons (dSPNs) send projections to the substantia nigra (SNr) and entopeduncular nucleus to regulate motor function. Recent studies have re-established that dSPNs also possess "bridging" collaterals within the globus pallidus (GPe), yet the significance of these collaterals for behavior is unknown. Here we use in vivo optical and chemogenetic tools combined with deep learning approaches to dissect the roles of bridging collaterals in motor function. We find that dSPNs projecting to the SNr send synchronous motor-related information to the GPe via axon collaterals. Inhibition of native activity in dSPN GPe terminals impairs motor activity and function via regulation of pallidostriatal Npas1 neurons. We propose a model by which dSPN GPe collaterals ("striatopallidal Go pathway") act in concert with the canonical terminals in the SNr to support motor control by inhibiting Npas1 signals going back to the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A. Labouesse
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Current address: Department of Health, Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, and Zurich Neuroscience Center, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arturo Torres-Herraez
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Equal second-author contribution
| | - Muhammad O. Chohan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Equal second-author contribution
| | - Joseph Villarin
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Equal second-author contribution
| | - Julia Greenwald
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Mysarah Zahran
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Alice Tang
- Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sherry Lam
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Clay Lacefield
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jordi Bonaventura
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21205, USA
| | - C. Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Departments of Brain Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Lead contact: Christoph Kellendonk
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Liu H, Xue Y, Chen L. Angiotensin II increases the firing activity of pallidal neurons and participates in motor control in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:573-587. [PMID: 36454502 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The globus pallidus has emerged as a crucial node in the basal ganglia motor control circuit under both healthy and parkinsonian states. Previous studies have shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin subtype 1 receptor (AT1R) are closely related to Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent morphological study revealed the expression of AT1R in the globus pallidus of mice. To investigate the functions of Ang II/AT1R on the globus pallidus neurons of both normal and parkinsonian rats, electrophysiological recordings and behavioral tests were performed in the present study. Electrophysiological recordings showed that exogenous and endogenous Ang II mainly excited the globus pallidus neurons through AT1R. Behavioral tests further demonstrated that unilateral microinjection of Ang II into the globus pallidus induced significantly contralateral-biased swing in elevated body swing test (EBST), and bilateral microinjection of Ang II into the globus pallidus alleviated catalepsy and akinesia caused by haloperidol. AT1R was involved in Ang II-induced behavioral effects. Immunostaining showed that AT1R was expressed in the globus pallidus of rats. On the basis of the present findings, we concluded that pallidal Ang II/AT1R alleviated parkinsonian motor deficits through activating globus pallidus neurons, which will provide a rationale for further investigations into the potential of Ang II in the treatment of motor disorders originating from the basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Katabi S, Adler A, Deffains M, Bergman H. Dichotomous activity and function of neurons with low- and high-frequency discharge in the external globus pallidus of non-human primates. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111898. [PMID: 36596302 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, there is a consensus that there are at least two neuronal populations in the non-human primate (NHP) external globus pallidus (GPe): low-frequency discharge (LFD) and high-frequency discharge (HFD) neurons. Nevertheless, almost all NHP physiological studies have neglected the functional importance of LFD neurons. This study examined the discharge features of these two GPe neuronal subpopulations recorded in four NHPs engaged in a classical conditioning task with cues predicting reward, neutral and aversive outcomes. The results show that LFD neurons tended to burst, encoded the salience of behavioral cues, and exhibited correlated spiking activity. By contrast, the HFD neurons tended to pause, encoded cue valence, and exhibited uncorrelated spiking activity. Overall, these findings point to the dichotomic organization of the NHP GPe, which is likely to be critical to the implementation of normal basal ganglia functions and computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Katabi
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Avital Adler
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Marc Deffains
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5293, IMN, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, UMR 5293, IMN, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Hagai Bergman
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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38
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Gerfen CR. Segregation of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in the striatal direct and indirect pathways: An historical perspective. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2023; 14:1002960. [PMID: 36741471 PMCID: PMC9892636 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2022.1002960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct and indirect striatal pathways form a cornerstone of the circuits of the basal ganglia. Dopamine has opponent affects on the function of these pathways due to the segregation of the D1- and D2-dopamine receptors in the spiny projection neurons giving rise to the direct and indirect pathways. An historical perspective is provided on the discovery of dopamine receptor segregation leading to models of how the direct and indirect affect motor behavior.
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Sitzia G, Abrahao KP, Liput D, Calandra GM, Lovinger DM. Distinct mechanisms of CB1 and GABA B receptor presynaptic modulation of striatal indirect pathway projections to mouse globus pallidus. J Physiol 2023; 601:195-209. [PMID: 36412169 PMCID: PMC10107704 DOI: 10.1113/jp283614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic modulation is a fundamental process regulating synaptic transmission. Striatal indirect pathway projections originate from A2A-expressing spiny projection neurons (iSPNs), targeting the globus pallidus external segment (GPe) and control the firing of the tonically active GPe neurons via GABA release. It is unclear if and how the presynaptic G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), GABAB and CB1 receptors modulate iSPN-GPe projections. Here we used an optogenetic platform to study presynaptic Ca2+ and GABAergic transmission at iSPN projections, using a genetic strategy to express the calcium sensor GCaMP6f or the excitatory channelrhodopsin (hChR2) on iSPNs. We found that P/Q-type calcium channels are the primary voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (VGCC) subtype controlling presynaptic calcium and GABA release at iSPN-GPe projections. N-type and L-type VGCCs also contribute to GABA release at iSPN-GPe synapses. GABAB receptor activation resulted in a reversible inhibition of presynaptic Ca2+ transients (PreCaTs) and an inhibition of GABAergic transmission at iSPN-GPe synapses. CB1 receptor activation did not inhibit PreCaTs but inhibited GABAergic transmission at iSPN-GPe projections. CB1 effects on GABAergic transmission persisted in experiments where NaV and KV 1 were blocked, indicating a VGCC- and KV 1-independent presynaptic mechanism of action of CB1 receptors. Taken together, presynaptic modulation of iSPN-GPe projections by CB1 and GABAB receptors is mediated by distinct mechanisms. KEY POINTS: P/Q-type are the predominant voltage-gated Ca2+ channels controlling presynaptic Ca2+ and GABA release on the striatal indirect pathway projections. GABAB receptors modulate iSPN-GPe projections via a VGCC-dependent mechanism. CB1 receptors modulate iSPN-GPe projections via a VGCC-independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Sitzia
- Laboratory for Integrative NeuroscienceNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismUS National Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
- Molecular Neurophysiology LaboratoryDepartment of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Karina Possa Abrahao
- Departamento de PsicobiologiaUniversidade Federal de São PauloSão PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Daniel Liput
- Laboratory for Integrative NeuroscienceNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismUS National Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Gian Marco Calandra
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia ResearchLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - David M. Lovinger
- Laboratory for Integrative NeuroscienceNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismUS National Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
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Xie J, Li T, He T, Xu R, Zhang X, Wang X, Geng X. Deep brain stimulation on the external segment of the globus pallidus improves the electrical activity of internal segment of globus pallidus in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res 2022; 1797:148115. [PMID: 36202223 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for PD cardinal motor symptoms. DBS of GPe has been recognized as an effective treatment option for motor symptoms of PD, but the mechanism is still essentially unknown. To investigate the impact of DBS in the external segment of globus pallidus (GPe) on the pathway of the basal ganglia (BG), we recorded the electrical activities of single neurons and local field potential (LFP) of the internal segment of globus pallidus (GPi). The results showed that the firing rate of GPi neurons in the 6-OHDA lesioned rats returned to the normal level after GPe-DBS for two weeks. Moreover, the CV value of GPi neurons is significantly lower than that in the PD group. The different frequency bands of GPi LFP in PD rats have improved correspondingly. These findings indicate that the improvement of the electrical activity of GPi by GPe-DBS in PD rats may be an important electrophysiological mechanism for treating PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Tingting He
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Rong Xu
- The 72nd Group Army Hospital of the PLA Army, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xianshan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xuenan Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Xiwen Geng
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China.
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Xie J, Chen Z, He T, Zhu H, Chen T, Liu C, Fu X, Shen H, Li T. Deep brain stimulation in the globus pallidus alleviates motor activity defects and abnormal electrical activities of the parafascicular nucleus in parkinsonian rats. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1020321. [PMID: 36248005 PMCID: PMC9555567 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD). The most common sites targeted for DBS in PD are the globus pallidus internal (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, STN-DBS and GPi-DBS have limited improvement in some symptoms and even aggravate disease symptoms. Therefore, discovering new targets is more helpful for treating refractory symptoms of PD. Therefore, our study selected a new brain region, the lateral globus pallidus (GP), as the target of DBS, and the study found that GP-DBS can improve motor symptoms. It has been reported that the thalamic parafascicular (PF) nucleus is strongly related to PD pathology. Moreover, the PF nucleus and GP have very close direct and indirect fiber connections. However, whether GP-DBS can change the activity of the PF remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we monitored the activity changes in the PF nucleus in PD rats during a quiet awake state after GP-DBS. We found that GP-DBS could reverse the electrical activity of the PF nucleus in PD model rats, including the discharge pattern of the neurons and the local field potential (0.7–12 and 12–70 Hz). Based on the results mentioned above, PF activity in PD model rats could be changed by GP-DBS. Thus, the normalization of PF neuronal activity may be a potential mechanism for GP-DBS in the treatment of PD; these findings lay the foundation for PD treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Xie
- Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Tingting He
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengya Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Center Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Chen
- Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Chongbin Liu
- Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Xuyan Fu
- Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Physical Education, Kyungnam University, Changwon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Tao Li,
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Peer ND, Yamin HG, Cohen D. Multidimensional encoding of movement and contextual variables by rat globus pallidus neurons during a novel environment exposure task. iScience 2022; 25:105024. [PMID: 36117990 PMCID: PMC9475330 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia (BG) play a critical role in a variety of functions that are essential for animal survival. Information from different cortical areas propagates through the BG in anatomically segregated circuits along the parallel direct and indirect pathways. We examined how the globus pallidus (GP), a nucleus within the indirect pathway, encodes input from the motor and cognitive domains. We chronically recorded and analyzed neuronal activity in the GP of male rats engaged in a novel environment exposure task. GP neurons displayed multidimensional responses to movement and contextual information. A model predicting single unit activity required many task-related behavioral variables, thus confirming the multidimensionality of GP neurons. In addition, populations of GP neurons, but not single units, reliably encoded the animals’ locomotion speed and the environmental novelty. We posit that the GP independently processes information from different domains, effectively compresses it and collectively conveys it to successive nuclei. Single GP neurons encode independently many behavioral and contextual variables Many behavioral variables contribute to the prediction of single neuron firing rate Single neurons fail to approximate the rat’s locomotion and the environment novelty Populations of GP neurons encode the rats’ locomotion and the environment novelty
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Spontaneous pauses in firing of external pallidum neurons are associated with exploratory behavior. Commun Biol 2022; 5:612. [PMID: 35729350 PMCID: PMC9213498 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous pauses in firing are the hallmark of external pallidum (GPe) neurons. However, the role of GPe pauses in the basal ganglia network remains unknown. Pupil size and saccadic eye movements have been linked to attention and exploration. Here, we recorded GPe spiking activity and the corresponding pupil sizes and eye positions in non-human primates. We show that pauses, rather than the GPe discharge rate per se, were associated with dilated pupils. In addition, following pause initiation there was a considerable increase in the rate of spontaneous saccades. These results suggest that pauses are a powerful mechanism by which the GPe may influence basal ganglia downstream structures and play a role in exploratory behavior. Integrated analysis of external pallidum (GPe) neuronal firing, pupil size, and saccadic movements in non-human primates reveals that pauses in GPe firing are associated with pupil dilation. These results suggest that pauses in GPe activity might influence downstream structures in the basal ganglia network and influence exploratory behavior.
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44
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Networking brainstem and basal ganglia circuits for movement. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:342-360. [DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00581-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kato S, Nishizawa K, Kobayashi K. Thalamostriatal System Controls the Acquisition, Performance, and Flexibility of Learning Behavior. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:729389. [PMID: 34733142 PMCID: PMC8558393 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.729389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dorsal striatum (DS) is a key structure of the basal ganglia circuitry, which regulates various types of learning processes and flexible switching of behavior. Intralaminar thalamic nuclei (ILNs) provide the main source of thalamostriatal inputs to the DS and constitute multiple nuclear groups, each of which innervates specific subdivisions of the striatum. Although the anatomical and electrophysiological properties of thalamostriatal neurons have been previously characterized, the behavioral and physiological functions of these neurons remain unclarified. Two representative thalamostriatal cell groups in the parafascicular nucleus (PF) and the central lateral nucleus (CL) are located in the caudal and rostral regions of the ILNs in rodents. Recently, the behavioral roles of these thalamostriatal cell groups have been investigated by the use of genetic and pharmacological manipulation techniques. In the current review, we summarize behavioral studies on thalamostriatal neurons, showing the key roles of these neurons in different learning processes, such as the acquisition, performance, and flexibility of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Kato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kayo Nishizawa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Aristieta A, Gittis A. Distinct globus pallidus circuits regulate motor and cognitive functions. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:597-599. [PMID: 34144845 PMCID: PMC8562495 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A recent article by Lilascharoen et al. identified two distinct pathways in the globus pallidus (GPe) that are associated with discrete behaviors. Dysfunctions in these pathways were shown to underlie Parkinsonian motor and cognitive deficits in mice, and selective manipulation of these circuits rescued locomotor deficits and improved behavioral flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Aristieta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aryn Gittis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Pribiag H, Shin S, Wang EHJ, Sun F, Datta P, Okamoto A, Guss H, Jain A, Wang XY, De Freitas B, Honma P, Pate S, Lilascharoen V, Li Y, Lim BK. Ventral pallidum DRD3 potentiates a pallido-habenular circuit driving accumbal dopamine release and cocaine seeking. Neuron 2021; 109:2165-2182.e10. [PMID: 34048697 PMCID: PMC9013317 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Drugs of abuse induce persistent remodeling of reward circuit function, a process thought to underlie the emergence of drug craving and relapse to drug use. However, how circuit-specific, drug-induced molecular and cellular plasticity can have distributed effects on the mesolimbic dopamine reward system to facilitate relapse to drug use is not fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3)-dependent plasticity in the ventral pallidum (VP) drives potentiation of dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens during relapse to cocaine seeking after abstinence. We show that two distinct VP DRD3+ neuronal populations projecting to either the lateral habenula (LHb) or the ventral tegmental area (VTA) display different patterns of activity during drug seeking following abstinence from cocaine self-administration and that selective suppression of elevated activity or DRD3 signaling in the LHb-projecting population reduces drug seeking. Together, our results uncover how circuit-specific DRD3-mediated plasticity contributes to the process of drug relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horia Pribiag
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sora Shin
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Neurobiology Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Eric Hou-Jen Wang
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Fangmiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 10 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Paul Datta
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alexander Okamoto
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hayden Guss
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Akanksha Jain
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bruna De Freitas
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Patrick Honma
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stefan Pate
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Varoth Lilascharoen
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 10 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Byung Kook Lim
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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