1
|
Gureeva MV, Muntyan MS, Ravin NV, Grabovich MY. Wastewater Treatment with Bacterial Representatives of the Thiothrix Morphotype. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9093. [PMID: 39201777 PMCID: PMC11355018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the Thiothrix morphotype, comprising the genera Thiothrix, Thiolinea and Thiofilum, are frequently encountered in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment systems, but they are usually not clearly differentiated due to the marked similarity in their morphologies. Methods ranging from light microscopy, FISH and PCR to modern high-throughput sequencing are used to identify them. The development of these bacteria in wastewater treatment systems has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, the explosive growth of these bacteria can lead to activated sludge bulking or clogging of the treatment system's membranes, with a consequent decrease in the water treatment efficiency. On the other hand, members of the Thiothrix morphotype can improve the quality of granular sludge and increase the water treatment efficiency. This may be due to their capacity for sulfide oxidation, denitrification combined with the oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds, enhanced biological phosphate removal and possibly denitrifying phosphate removal. The recently obtained pangenome of the genus Thiothrix allows the explanation, at the genomic level, of the experimental results of various studies. Moreover, this review summarizes the data on the factors affecting the proliferation of representatives of the Thiothrix morphotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Gureeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl., 1, 394018 Voronezh, Russia;
| | - Maria S. Muntyan
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai V. Ravin
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 33-2, 119071 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Margarita Yu. Grabovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl., 1, 394018 Voronezh, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang J, Qian M, Wu S, Liao H, Yu F, Zou J, Li J. Insight into the role of chitosan in rapid recovery and re-stabilization of disintegrated aerobic granular sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120613. [PMID: 38547824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The disintegration and instability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) systems during long-term operation pose significant challenges to its practical implementation, and rapid recovery strategies for disintegrated AGS are gaining more attention. In this study, the recovery and re-stabilization of disintegrated AGS was investigated by adding chitosan to a sequencing batch reactor and simultaneously adjusting the pH to slightly acidic condition. Within 7 days, chitosan addition under slight acidity led to the re-aggregation of disintegrated granules, increasing the average particle size from 166.4 μm to 485.9 μm. Notably, sludge volume indexes at 5 min (SVI5) and 30 min (SVI30) decreased remarkably from 404.6 mL/g and 215.1 mL/g (SVI30/SVI5 = 0.53) to 49.1 mL/g and 47.6 mL/g (SVI30/SVI5 = 0.97), respectively. Subsequent operation for 43 days successfully re-stabilized previous collapsed AGS system, resulting in an average particle size of 750.2 μm. These mature and re-stabilized granules exhibited characteristics of large particle size, excellent settleability, compact structure, and high biomass retention. Furthermore, chitosan facilitated the recovery of COD and nitrogen removal performances within 17-23 days of operation. It effectively facilitated the rapid aggregation of disintegrated granules by charge neutralization and bridging effects under a slightly acidic environment. Moreover, the precipitated chitosan acted as carriers, promoting the adhesion of microorganisms once pH control was discontinued. The results of batch tests and microbial community analysis confirmed that chitosan addition increased sludge retention time, enriching slow-growing microorganisms and enhancing the stability and pollutant removal efficiency of the AGS system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Mengjie Qian
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shuyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Hanglei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Fengfan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jinte Zou
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Shaoxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rochera C, Peña M, Picazo A, Morant D, Miralles-Lorenzo J, Camacho-Santamans A, Belenguer-Manzanedo M, Montoya T, Fayos G, Camacho A. Naturalization of treated wastewater by a constructed wetland in a water-scarce Mediterranean region. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120715. [PMID: 38579465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The effluents from conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), even if accomplishing quality regulations, substantially differ in their characteristics with those of waters in natural environments. Constructed wetlands (CWs) serve as transitional ecosystems within WWTPs, mitigating these differences and restoring natural features before water is poured into the natural environment. Our study focused on an experimental surface-flow CW naturalizing the WWTP effluent in a semiarid area in Eastern Spain. Despite relatively low pollutant concentrations entering the CW, it effectively further reduced settled organic matter and nitrogen. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) reaching the CW was mainly protein-like, yet optical property changes in the DOM indicated increased humification, aromaticity, and stabilization as it flowed through the CW. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the CW released less abundant but more active bacterial populations than those received. MiSeq Illumina sequencing highlighted changes in the prokaryotic community composition, with phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria dominating the CW outflow. Functional prediction tools (FaproTax and PICRUSt2) demonstrated a shift towards microbial guilds aligned with those of the natural aquatic environments, increased aerobic chemoheterotrophs, photoautotrophs, and metabolic reactions at higher redox potentials. Enhanced capabilities for degrading plant material correlated well with changes in the DOM pool. Our findings emphasize the role of CWs in releasing biochemically stable DOM and functionally suited microbial populations for natural receiving environments. Consequently, we propose CWs as a naturalization nature-based solution (NBS) in water-scarce regions like the Mediterranean, where reclaimed discharged water can significantly contribute to ecosystem's water resources compared to natural flows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rochera
- Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Peña
- Global Omnium Medioambiente, S.L., E46005, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Picazo
- Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Daniel Morant
- Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Miralles-Lorenzo
- Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Alba Camacho-Santamans
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal, 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | - Gloria Fayos
- Aguas de Valencia, S.A., Diputación de Valencia, E46005, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Camacho
- Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mensah L, Petrie B, Scrimshaw M, Cartmell E, Fletton M, Campo P. Influence of solids and hydraulic retention times on microbial diversity and removal of estrogens and nonylphenols in a pilot-scale activated sludge plant. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19461. [PMID: 37809578 PMCID: PMC10558614 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The removal of EDCs in activated sludge processes can be enhanced by increasing solid and hydraulic retention times (SRT and HRT); it has been suggested that the improvement in removal is due to changes in microbial community structure (MCS). Though the influence of SRT and HRT on chemical removal and MCS has been studied in isolation, their synergistic impact on MCS and the removal of estrogens and nonylphenols in activated sludge remains unknown. Hence, we investigated how both parameters influence MCS in activated sludge processes and their ulterior effect on EDC removal. In our study, an activated sludge pilot-plant was fed with domestic sewage fortified with 100 and 1000 ng/L nonylphenols or 2 and 15 ng/L estrogens and operated at 3, 10 and 27 d SRT (constant HRT) and at 8, 16 and 24 h HRT (constant SRT). The MCS was assessed by phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis, and the archaeal and bacterial diversities were determined by 16S rRNA analysis. From the PLFA, the microbial abundance ranked as follows: Gram-negative > fungi > Gram-positive > actinomycetes whilst 16S rRNA analysis revealed Proteobacteria > Bacteroidetes > Others. Both PLFA and 16S rRNA analysis detected changes in MCS as SRT and HRT were increased. An SRT increment from 3 to 10 d resulted in higher estrone (E1) removal from 19 to 93% and nonylphenol-4-exthoxylate (NP4EO) from 44 to 73%. These findings demonstrate that EDC-removal in activated sludge plants can be optimised where longer SRT (>10 d) and HRT (>8 h) are suitable. We have also demonstrated that PLFA can be used for routine monitoring of changes in MCS in activated sludge plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lawson Mensah
- Environmental Science Department, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Bruce Petrie
- Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Rd, Garthdee, Aberdeen, AB10 7AQ, UK
| | - Mark Scrimshaw
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Elise Cartmell
- Scottish Water, Castle House, 6 Castle Drive, Carnegie Campus, Dunfermline, KY11 8GG, UK
| | | | - Pablo Campo
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, School of Water, Energy & Environment, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fei X, Xi X, Gao J, Zhu S, Jiao X, Cao L, Liu L. Effects of silica fume powder modified by oleic acid on the settleability of bulking sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:2473-2480. [PMID: 35084288 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2034979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Modified silica fume powder with oleic acid through coupling agent was prepared based on the in situ utilizing long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) properties of Microthrix parvicella (M. parvicella) in the activated sludge system. The modification was confirmed by XRD and infrared spectrum. The contact angle analysis showed that the modification gave the silica fume powder a hydrophobic surface. The modified silica fume powder had a good combination with M. parvicella from the SEM and Gram staining measurements. The addition of modified silica powder has a certain effect on the settling capacity of sludge, but has little effect on the sludge treatment capacity, while the SVI dropped from 400.1 to 100.0 mL/g. These suggested that the modified silica fume powder could be used as an excellent weight-increasing agent to inhibit sludge bulking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Fei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuzhao Xi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhu
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Jiao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Cao
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ongena S, de Walle AV, Mosquera-Romero S, Driesen N, Gutierrez L, Rabaey K. Comparison of MBR and MBBR followed by UV or electrochemical disinfection for decentralized greywater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119818. [PMID: 36905734 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Greywater is an attractive source for water reuse at the household or building level, particularly for non-potable applications. Two greywater treatment approaches are membrane bioreactors (MBR) and moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR), yet, their performance has not been compared so far within their respective treatment flowsheets, including post-disinfection. Two lab-scale treatment trains were operated on synthetic greywater: a) MBR with either polymeric (chlorinated polyethylene, C-PE, 165 days) or ceramic (silicon carbide, SiC, 199 days) membranes coupled with UV disinfection; and b) single-stage (66 days) or two-stage (124 days) MBBR coupled with an electrochemical cell (EC) for in-situ disinfectant generation. Water quality was constantly monitored, and Escherichia coli log removals were assessed through spike tests. Under low-flux operation of the MBR (<8 L·m - 2·h - 1), the SiC membranes delayed the onset of membrane fouling and needed less frequent cleaning compared to C-PE membranes. Both treatment systems met most water quality requirements for unrestricted greywater reuse, at a 10-fold lower reactor volume for the MBR than the MBBR. However, neither the MBR nor the two-staged MBBR allowed adequate nitrogen removal, and the MBBR did not consistently meet effluent chemical oxygen demand and turbidity requirements. Both EC and UV provided non-detectable E. coli concentrations in the effluent. Although the EC provided residual disinfection, scaling and fouling decreased its energetic and disinfection performance over time, making it less efficient than UV disinfection. Several outlines to improve the performance of both treatment trains and disinfection processes are proposed, thus, allowing a fit-for-use approach that leverages the advantages of the respective treatment trains. Results from this investigation will assist in elucidating the most efficient, robust, and low-maintenance technology and configurations for small-scale greywater treatment for reuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seppe Ongena
- Center for Microbial Ecology & Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Frieda Saeysstraat 1, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arjen Van de Walle
- Center for Microbial Ecology & Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Frieda Saeysstraat 1, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Suanny Mosquera-Romero
- Center for Microbial Ecology & Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Frieda Saeysstraat 1, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Ghent, Belgium; Center for Water and Sustainable Development, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Nele Driesen
- Center for Microbial Ecology & Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Frieda Saeysstraat 1, Ghent 9052, Belgium; BOSAQ, Deinze, Belgium
| | - Leonardo Gutierrez
- Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Ghent, Belgium; Facultad del Mar y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Del Pacifico, Ecuador; Particle and Interfacial Technology Group (PaInT), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology & Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Frieda Saeysstraat 1, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Frieda Saeysstraat 1, 9052, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kunoh T, Yamamoto T, Ono E, Sugimoto S, Takabe K, Takeda M, Utada AS, Nomura N. Identification of lthB, a Gene Encoding a Putative Glycosyltransferase Family 8 Protein Required for Leptothrix Sheath Formation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0191922. [PMID: 36951572 PMCID: PMC10132092 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01919-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Leptothrix cholodnii generates cell chains encased in sheaths that are composed of woven nanofibrils. The nanofibrils are mainly composed of glycoconjugate repeats, and several glycosyltransferases (GTs) are required for its biosynthesis. However, only one GT (LthA) has been identified to date. In this study, we screened spontaneous variants of L. cholodnii SP6 to find those that form smooth colonies, which is one of the characteristics of sheathless variants. Genomic DNA sequencing of an isolated variant revealed an insertion in the locus Lcho_0972, which encodes a putative GT family 8 protein. We thus designated this protein LthB and characterized it using deletion mutants and antibodies. LthB localized adjacent to the cell envelope. ΔlthB cell chains were nanofibril free and thus sheathless, indicating that LthB is involved in nanofibril biosynthesis. Unlike the ΔlthA mutant and the wild-type strain, which often generate planktonic cells, most ΔlthB organisms presented as long cell chains under static conditions, resulting in deficient pellicle formation, which requires motile planktonic cells. These results imply that sheaths are not required for elongation of cell chains. Finally, calcium depletion, which induces cell chain breakage due to sheath loss, abrogated the expression of LthA, but not LthB, suggesting that these GTs cooperatively participate in glycoconjugate biosynthesis under different signaling controls. IMPORTANCE In recent years, the regulation of cell chain elongation of filamentous bacteria via extracellular signals has attracted attention as a potential strategy to prevent clogging of water distribution systems and filamentous bulking of activated sludge in industrial settings. However, a fundamental understanding of the ecology of filamentous bacteria remains elusive. Since sheath formation is associated with cell chain elongation in most of these bacteria, the molecular mechanisms underlying nanofibril sheath formation, including the intracellular signaling cascade in response to extracellular stimuli, must be elucidated. Here, we isolated a sheathless variant of L. cholodnii SP6 and thus identified a novel glycosyltransferase, LthB. Although mutants with deletions of lthA, encoding another GT, and lthB were both defective for nanofibril formation, they exhibited different phenotypes of cell chain elongation and pellicle formation. Moreover, LthA expression, but not LthB expression, was influenced by extracellular calcium, which is known to affect nanofibril formation, indicating the functional diversities of LthA and LthB. Such molecular insights are critical for a better understanding of ecology of filamentous bacteria, which, in turn, can be used to improve strategies to control filamentous bacteria in industrial facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Kunoh
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Erika Ono
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinya Sugimoto
- Department of Bacteriology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Jikei Center for Biofilm Science and Technology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takabe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Minoru Takeda
- Division of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Andrew S. Utada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bolsan AC, Rodrigues HC, Abilhôa HCZ, Hollas CE, Venturin B, Gabiatti NC, Bortoli M, Kunz A, De Prá MC. Bacteriophages in wastewater treatment: can they be an approach to optimize biological treatment processes? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89889-89898. [PMID: 36367646 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24000-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the applications of bacteriophages and the advantages of using these viruses to control undesirable organisms in wastewater treatment plants. Based on this, this paper reviewed the literature on the subject by performing a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of articles published in peer-reviewed journals through 2021. We obtained 806 publications, of which 40% were published in the last 5 years, demonstrating an increase in interest in the subject. These articles analyzed, bacteriophages in treatment plants were strongly linked to bacteria such as Escherichia coli and related to disinfection, inactivation, sewage, and wastewater, in addition, biocontrol studies have gained prominence in recent years, particularly due to the resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics. Studies have shown that bacteriophages have great potential for application in treatment systems to control unwanted processes and act as valuable economic and environmental tools to improve the efficiency of various treatment technologies. Although these viruses have already been studied in various applications to optimize treatment plant processes, technology transfer remains a challenge due to the limitations of the technique-such as physicochemical factors related to the environment-and the complexity of biological systems. The research focusing on application strategies in conjunction with molecular biology techniques can expand this study area, enabling the discovery of new bacteriophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Chiapetti Bolsan
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, UTFPR-DV/PPGBIOTEC-DV, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Campeão Rodrigues
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, UTFPR-DV/PPGBIOTEC-DV, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Hélen Caroline Zonta Abilhôa
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Campus Francisco Beltrão, UTFPR-FB/PPGEA-FB, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Camila Ester Hollas
- Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, UNIOESTE/CCET/PGEAGRI, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruno Venturin
- Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, UNIOESTE/CCET/PGEAGRI, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Naiana Cristine Gabiatti
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, UTFPR-DV/PPGBIOTEC-DV, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bortoli
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Campus Francisco Beltrão, UTFPR-FB/PPGEA-FB, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Airton Kunz
- Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná, UNIOESTE/CCET/PGEAGRI, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
- Embrapa Suínos E Aves, Concórdia, SC, 89715-899, Brazil
| | - Marina Celant De Prá
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, UTFPR-DV/PPGBIOTEC-DV, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Potential for Natural Attenuation of Domestic and Agricultural Pollution in Karst Groundwater Environments. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In karst areas, anthropogenic contaminants reach the subsurface with detrimental effects on the groundwater ecosystem and downstream springs, which often serve as drinking water sources for the local human communities. We analyzed the water chemistry and microbial community composition in upstream and downstream locations of five hydrokarst systems (HKS) during four seasons. Conductivity and nitrates were higher in the downstream springs than in the pre-karst waters, whereas the concentration of organic matter, considered here as a pollution indicator, was lower. The microbial community composition varied largely between upstream and downstream locations, with multiple species of potentially pathogenic bacteria decreasing in the HKS. Bacteria indicative of pollution decreased as well when passing through the HKS, but potential biodegraders increased. This suggests that the HKS can filter out part of the polluting organic matter and, with it, part of the associated microorganisms. Nevertheless, the water quality, including the presence of pathogens in downstream springs, must be further monitored to control whether the water is appropriate for consumption. In parallel, the human populations located upstream must be advised of the risks resulting from their daily activities, improper stocking of their various wastes and dumping of their refuse in surface streams.
Collapse
|
10
|
Caluwé M, Goossens K, Seguel Suazo K, Tsertou E, Dries J. Granulation strategies applied to industrial wastewater treatment: from lab to full-scale. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:2761-2771. [PMID: 35576267 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
About one third of the industrial activated sludge (AS) plants worldwide suffer from bad settling sludge, often caused by filamentous bulking phenomena. The present study investigated the effectiveness of a sludge granulation/densification strategy, based only on a metabolic selection mechanism, to eliminate sludge bulking in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating real industrial wastewater. The wastewater originated from a tank truck cleaning company transporting chocolate and beer. The proposed strategy involved the introduction of a slow unaerated/anaerobic feeding step in the SBR operation. On lab-scale, the new feeding strategy resulted in (1) excellent settling with a sludge volume index (SVI) decreasing from more than 300 mL·g-1 to 100 mL·g-1 and lower, (2) the elimination of sludge bulking genera and (3) the significant enrichment of glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO), mainly Defluviicoccus and Candidatus Competibacter, and this in less than 80 days. The feeding strategy was then applied to the full-scale installation, yielding similar results: a stable average SVI of 37 mL·g-1 was reached after approximately 150 days. Full granulation was however not reached, which warrants further optimization. The present study shows that the proposed strategy can easily be applied in existing SBR systems to solve the problem of sludge bulking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Caluwé
- Research group BioWAVE, Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium E-mail:
| | - K Goossens
- Research group BioWAVE, Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium E-mail:
| | - K Seguel Suazo
- Research group BioWAVE, Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium E-mail:
| | - E Tsertou
- Research group BioWAVE, Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium E-mail:
| | - J Dries
- Research group BioWAVE, Biochemical Wastewater Valorization and Engineering, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shao Y, Zhou Z, Jiang J, Jiang LM, Huang J, Zuo Y, Ren Y, Zhao X. Membrane fouling in anoxic/oxic membrane reactors coupled with carrier-enhanced anaerobic side-stream reactor: Effects of anaerobic hydraulic retention time and mechanism insights. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
12
|
Muszyński-Huhajło M, Zięba B, Janiak K, Miodoński S, Jurga A, Szetela R. Can nitrifiers from the sidestream deammonification process be a remedy for the N-overload of the mainstream reactor? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148066. [PMID: 34090166 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The combination of sidestream deammonification and bioaugmentation of the mainstream reactor using ammonia oxidizers from partial nitritation (PN) was not achieved before. This novel solution not only enables the efficient sidestream nitrogen removal, but also improves mainstream resistance to stress situations such as biomass washout or nitrogen overload. This feature is important for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) equipped with reject water deammonification as its implementation leads to lower nitrifier mass in the mainstream reactor and therefore diminish ability to cope with rapid increase in the loading rate (i.e. due to sidestream process failure). The proposed approach presents the use of the excess sludge from a modified PN process to boost the mainstream nitrification in unfavourable conditions. In a long-term laboratory experiment, the operation of an existing WWTP at low temperature was simulated in two reactors using real wastewater fluxes. One of them was augmented with the excess sludge from a PN reactor that treats reject water containing 20% of the WWTP N-load. The treatment efficiency in both reactors was tested under different nitrogen loading rates, as well as in the case of the of biomass loss. The bioaugmentation intensity was set according to the actual nitrogen load balance of the modelled WWTP, resulting in a daily seed volume only equal to 0.28% of the reactors' influent. Two incidents were simulated, where the nitrogen load increased by about 24.5% and 34%. In both cases, the nitrification efficiency in the non-augmented reactor dropped by about 45%, while the augmented reactor maintained efficient ammonium removal. The bioaugmentation effect was also noticeable during biomass washout - only in the non-augmented reactor nitrification was insufficient for over 60 days. These results undoubtedly show the possibility of combining two different approaches for sidestream nitrogen removal into one technology demonstrating the advantages of both component solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Muszyński-Huhajło
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Zięba
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Janiak
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; Wroclaw Municipal Water and Sewage Company, Na Grobli 14/16, 50-421 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Miodoński
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jurga
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Szetela
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oliveira Menezes R, Palladino Delforno T, Damasceno Silveira D, Radojicic T, Rubens Lapolli F, Mattos de Oliveira Cruz L. Reactors and active biomass potential as inoculum for nitrogen removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125334. [PMID: 34087729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The potential of three different kind of reactors and active biomass to be used as inoculum for nitrogen removal was verified. Sludge samples were collected from a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), a previous tank of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) and a Trickling Filter (TF). Samples were compared according to bacterial activity in batch tests and their microbiology (16 s rRNA sequences). The microorganisms examined were: AOB, NOB, anammox bacteria and OHO. Results showed that the richest sample was from MBR (Chao value equals 581). However, the bacterial activity was greater in MBBR sample (qAOO,NH4 equals 0.002 mgN·mgVSS-1·h-1; qNOO,NO2_NO3 equals 0.001 mgN·mgVSS-1·h-1 and qNOX_N2,SB equals 10.0 mgN·mgVSS-1·h-1). Therefore, MBBR WWTP was shown to have the best inoculum and operating conditions for nitrogen conversion and removal. Besides, if aeration is provided as low as necessary for AOB to start the activity in denitrification tank, simultaneous partial nitrification, and denitrification (SPND) can occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Oliveira Menezes
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism - FEC, at UNICAMP (State University of Campinas), Avenida Albert Einstein, 951, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", P.O. Box 6021, 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Palladino Delforno
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos Km 110, Sorocaba, SP 18052-780, Brazil
| | | | - Tijana Radojicic
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism - FEC, at UNICAMP (State University of Campinas), Avenida Albert Einstein, 951, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", P.O. Box 6021, 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Mattos de Oliveira Cruz
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism - FEC, at UNICAMP (State University of Campinas), Avenida Albert Einstein, 951, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", P.O. Box 6021, 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu X, Li R, Chen R, Chen Y, Zeng A, Deng Y, Ma J, Chen M. Formation of filamentous fungal pellets in aerobic granular sludge via reducing temperature and dissolved oxygen: Characteristics of filamentous fungi and denitrification performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125056. [PMID: 33823476 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) using glucose as carbon source was operated for 500 days to investigate the formation of filamentous organisms and their function on stability of AGS system. After 250 days' stable operation under conditions of 25 ± 2 °C and dissolved oxygen (DO) of 4-5 mg/L (stage I), the temperature and DO were reduced to 10 ± 2 °C and DO of 1-2 mg/L until 280 days (stage II), to induce the growth of filamentous microorganisms. After that until 500 days (stage III), overgrowth of filamentous microorganisms with relative abundances of up to 19.46%, formation of black filamentous fungal pellets, and reconstruction of AGS granules were observed in turn. The relation between settling of AGS (SVI 30-72 mL/g) and filamentous microorganisms was revealed. Filamentous pellets were purified and identified as fungal Bradymyces and Knufia, with stronger denitrification performance on nitrite than nitrate. The results indicated that filamentous fungal pellets contributed to good sludge settling performance and promoted the denitrification process in AGS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Renjie Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ao Zeng
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yibin Deng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Jinxia Ma
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ming Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kunoh T, Yamamoto T, Sugimoto S, Ono E, Nomura N, Utada AS. Leptothrix cholodnii Response to Nutrient Limitation. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:691563. [PMID: 34248917 PMCID: PMC8264430 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.691563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are widely utilized for the treatment of wastewater in activated sludge systems. However, the uncontrolled growth of filamentous bacteria leads to bulking and adversely affects wastewater treatment efficiency. To clarify the nutrient requirements for filament formation, we track the growth of a filamentous bacterium, Leptothrix cholodnii SP-6 in different nutrient-limited conditions using a high aspect-ratio microfluidic chamber to follow cell-chain elongation and sheath formation. We find that limitations in Na+, K+, and Fe2+ yield no observable changes in the elongation of cell chains and sheath formation, whereas limitations of C, N, P, or vitamins lead to more pronounced changes in filament morphology; here we observe the appearance of partially empty filaments with wide intercellular gaps. We observe more dramatic differences when SP-6 cells are transferred to media lacking Mg2+ and Ca2+. Loss of Mg2+ results in cell autolysis, while removal of Ca2+ results in the catastrophic disintegration of the filaments. By simultaneously limiting both carbon and Ca2+ sources, we are able to stimulate planktonic cell generation. These findings paint a detailed picture of the ecophysiology of Leptothrix, which may lead to improved control over the unchecked growth of deleterious filamentous bacteria in water purification systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Kunoh
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shinya Sugimoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Jikei Center for Biofilm Research and Technology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Erika Ono
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Andrew S Utada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Batinovic S, Rose JJA, Ratcliffe J, Seviour RJ, Petrovski S. Cocultivation of an ultrasmall environmental parasitic bacterium with lytic ability against bacteria associated with wastewater foams. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:703-711. [PMID: 33927381 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-00892-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Many wastewater treatment plants around the world suffer from the operational problem of foaming. This is characterized by a persistent stable foam that forms on the aeration basin, which reduces effluent quality. The foam is often stabilized by a highly hydrophobic group of Actinobacteria known as the Mycolata1. Gordonia amarae is one of the most frequently reported foaming members1. With no currently reliable method for treating foams, phage biocontrol has been suggested as an attractive treatment strategy2. Phages isolated from related foaming bacteria can destabilize foams at the laboratory scale3,4; however, no phage has been isolated that lyses G. amarae. Here, we assemble the complete genomes of G. amarae and a previously undescribed species, Gordonia pseudoamarae, to examine mechanisms that encourage stable foam production. We show that both of these species are recalcitrant to phage infection via a number of antiviral mechanisms including restriction, CRISPR-Cas and bacteriophage exclusion. Instead, we isolate and cocultivate an environmental ultrasmall epiparasitic bacterium from the phylum Saccharibacteria that lyses G. amarae and G. pseudoamarae and several other Mycolata commonly associated with wastewater foams. The application of this parasitic bacterium, 'Candidatus Mycosynbacter amalyticus', may represent a promising strategy for the biocontrol of bacteria responsible for stabilizing wastewater foams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Batinovic
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jayson J A Rose
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julian Ratcliffe
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J Seviour
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steve Petrovski
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Long S, Yang Y, Pavlostathis SG, Zhao L. Effect of sulfamethoxazole and oxytetracycline on enhanced biological phosphorus removal and bacterial community structure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124067. [PMID: 33035865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The individual and combined effects of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and oxytetracycline (OTC) on an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system was investigated. OTC at 5 mg/L resulted in filamentous bulking with a collapse of EBPR system. P removal decreased to 44.8% and COD was mostly removed during the aerobic phase. SMX and OTC had antagonistic effects in EBPR system. The inhibitory effect of SMX and SMX + OTC on P removal, COD removal, glycogen transformation and extracellular polymeric substances content was reversible with prolonged operation, accompanied with increase of polyphosphate accumulating organisms. The presence of nitrification inhibitor allylthiourea, high pH and low tetX abundance limited the removal of SMX and OTC. The bacterial community structure, antibiotic resistance genes abundances and genes functions were also investigated by metagenomic analysis. The results of this study offer insights into the individual and combined environmental risks of SMX and OTC, and their impact on EBPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA
| | - Yongkui Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Spyros G Pavlostathis
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Is Anoxic Operation Effective to Control Nitrate Build-Up and Sludge Loss for the Combined Partial Nitritation and Anammox (CPNA) Process? Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There were three main issues of long start-up period, nitrate build-up and sludge loss during the operation of combined partial-nitritation anammox (CPNA). To fully start up the CPNA reactor, the fast achievement of partial-nitritation (PN) was the first step. Firstly, the PN process was successfully achieved within 22 days by 2 mg·L−1 hydroxylamine (NH2OH) addition and online intermittent aeration control at 0.2~0.3 mg·L−1 dissolved oxygen (DO). Then, a novel strategy of adding anoxic stirring phase between feeding and aeration period during CPNA operation was applied. It was shown effective to control nitrate build-up since the mole ratio of NO3−-N production and NH4+-N removed (MNRR) was mostly below 15%. Also, the procedure adjustment was proven useful to alleviate sludge loss by sustaining filamentous bacteria that could act as biomass framework and reduce nitrate substrate. The filamentous denitrifying bacteria could cause sludge bulking. The total nitrogen removal rate (TNRR) varied from 0.20 to 0.45 kg·m−3·d−1 during CPNA operation. In Stage III, after adding anoxic stirring phase, the abundance of nitrogen transformation functional microorganism’s nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was below 1.6%, which was one order of magnitude lower than Anammox and ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB).
Collapse
|
19
|
Qiang J, Zhou Z, Wang K, Qiu Z, Zhi H, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Zhao X, Wang Z, Wang Q. Coupling ammonia nitrogen adsorption and regeneration unit with a high-load anoxic/aerobic process to achieve rapid and efficient pollutants removal for wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115280. [PMID: 31759237 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) adsorption and regeneration (AAR) was constructed by a zeolite-packed column and NaClO-NaCl regeneration unit, and coupled with an anoxic/aerobic (AO) system to achieve efficient removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus under short hydraulic retention time (HRT) and sludge retention time (SRT). Compared to conventional anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (AAO) process, the proposed AO-AAR process achieved more efficient and stable nitrogen removal with greatly shorter HRT (5.6 h) and SRT (8 d) at 10.4 °C, with NH4+-N and total nitrogen in the effluent below 1.5 and 8.0 mg/L, respectively. The AO-AAR also obtained efficient phosphorus removal (<0.5 mg/L) by dosing aluminum in aerobic tank. High load and short SRT deteriorated sludge settleability and dewaterability, but enhanced methane production by improving sludge biodegradability. Dosing aluminum made the AO operating module more stable with improved settleability and dewaterability, and further enhanced methane production. Short HRT and SRT also resulted in the thriving of filamentous bacteria (Thiothrix) and heterotrophic nitrifiers (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Rhodobacter) in the AO module, which helped in enhancing denitrification potential and nitrification efficiency under low temperature. Long-term operation showed that exchange capacity and physicochemical properties of zeolite were unchanged under NaClO-NaCl regeneration by introducing the tail gas from aerobic tank into the used regenerant to remove Ca2+ and Mg2+ exchanged from effluent of the AO module. Techno-economic analysis showed that the AO-AAR process is attractive and sustainable for municipal wastewater treatment by significantly improving nitrogen removal, greatly reducing land occupancy, enhancing methane production and achieving efficient reduction of carbon dioxide emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Qiang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Kaichong Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Zhan Qiu
- Shanghai Chengtou Wastewater Treatment Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui Zhi
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yao Yuan
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yuexi Jiang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiaoying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
He Q, Zhang J, Gao S, Chen L, Lyu W, Zhang W, Song J, Hu X, Chen R, Wang H, Yu J. A comprehensive comparison between non-bulking and bulking aerobic granular sludge in microbial communities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122151. [PMID: 31557652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous sludge bulking poses great threats to operational stability of aerobic granular sludge. Exploration of the microbial community aids knowledge of the causative factors to sludge bulking and guides directions for corresponding actions for prevention and controlling. Detailed changes of bacterial community within the non-bulking and bulking were performed and compared with a non-specific method through 1‰ (v/v) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) addition. Results revealed that non-bulking/bulking granules maintained effective carbon and nitrogen removal, while bulking completely deteriorated enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). Excess extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) especially polysaccharide (PS) were directly linked with sludge bulking and abundant PS contributed to subsequent granular re-stability. Filamentous bulking dramatically altered the bacterial populations and 1‰ H2O2 effectively controlled bulking by eliminating causative filaments Singulisphaera and Thiothrix. Together, this study provides new insights into the non-bulking/bulking granules and could direct the prevention and control of filamentous bulking in aerobic granules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiulai He
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shuxian Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wanlin Lyu
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jianyang Song
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Rongfan Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li S, Fei X, Cao L, Chi Y. Insights into the effects of carbon source on sequencing batch reactors: Performance, quorum sensing and microbial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:799-809. [PMID: 31326803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effects of carbon source on the performance, quorum sensing (QS) and microbial communities in the sequencing batch reactors were investigated in this work. Among the chosen carbon source, sodium acetate (R1), glucose (R2), starch (R3) and Tween 80 (R4), sodium acetate was the best carbon source for nutrient removal, while starch was favorable for inducing the sludge bulking, and Tween 80 was beneficial to the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and proliferation of Microthrix parvicella. Additionally, the R2 value of linear correlation between sludge settleability and particle size in four reactors followed an order of R1 > R2 > R3 > R4. Moreover, Person correlation analysis showed that various significant correlations were observed in reactors fed with different carbon sources and the QS mainly mediated the production and component of EPS. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the carbon source affected microbial communities and the Canonical correspondence analysis results indicated that QS related to microbial communities. It was inferred that the interactions between microbial communities and QS affected system performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songya Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuening Fei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Lingyun Cao
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yongzhi Chi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The microbial community in filamentous bulking sludge with the ultra-low sludge loading and long sludge retention time in oxidation ditch. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13693. [PMID: 31548550 PMCID: PMC6757048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sludge bulking is a major problem that restricts the development of the activated sludge process. The microbial community responsible for sludge bulking varies depending on water quality and operational conditions. This study analysed the microbial community of bulking sludge in oxidation ditch with ultra-low sludge loading and long sludge retention time using high-throughput sequencing. The study found that the relative abundance of bacterial genus Saprospiraceae_norank was the highest in bulking sludge, reaching 13.39-28.83%, followed by Comamonadaceae_unclassified, Ardenticatenia_norank and Tetrasphaera, with the relative abundance of 4.59-11.08%, 0.52-16.60% and 0.17-8.92% respectively. In contrast, the relative abundance of bacteria that easily caused sludge bulking including Microthrix (0.54-2.47%), Trichococcus (0.32-1.71%), Gordonia (0.14-1.28%), and Thiothrix (0.01-0.06%) were relatively low. Saprospiraceae_norank was predominant and induced sludge bulking in oxidation ditch. The relative abundance of fungal genus Trichosporon was the highest in bulking sludge, reaching 16.95-24.98%, while other fungal genera were Saccharomycetales_unclassified (5.59-14.55%), Ascomycota_norank (1.45-13.51%), Galactomyces (5.23-11.23%), and Debaryomyces (7.69-9.42%), whereas Trichosporon was the dominant fungal genus in bulking sludge. This study reported that excessive Saprospiraceae_norank can induce sludge bulking for the first time, which provides important knowledge to control sludge bulking.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gómez-Basurto F, Vital-Jácome M, Gómez-Acata ES, Thalasso F, Luna-Guido M, Dendooven L. Microbial community dynamics during aerobic granulation in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). PeerJ 2019; 7:e7152. [PMID: 31528503 PMCID: PMC6717656 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms in aerobic granules formed in sequencing batch reactors (SBR) remove contaminants, such as xenobiotics or dyes, from wastewater. The granules, however, are not stable over time, decreasing the removal of the pollutant. A better understanding of the granule formation and the dynamics of the microorganisms involved will help to optimize the removal of contaminants from wastewater in a SBR. Sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer PCR amplicons revealed that during the acclimation phase the relative abundance of Acinetobacter reached 70.8%. At the start of the granulation phase the relative abundance of Agrobacterium reached 35.9% and that of Dipodascus 89.7% during the mature granule phase. Fluffy granules were detected on day 43. The granules with filamentous overgrowth were not stable and they lysed on day 46 resulting in biomass wash-out. It was found that the reactor operation strategy resulted in stable aerobic granules for 46 days. As the reactor operations remained the same from the mature granule phase to the end of the experiment, the disintegration of the granules after day 46 was due to changes in the microbial community structure and not by the reactor operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luc Dendooven
- Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Cinvestav, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Bacterial communities’ composition, activity and robustness determines the effectiveness of biofiltration units for the desulfurization of biogas. It is therefore important to get a better understanding of the bacterial communities that coexist in biofiltration units under different operational conditions for the removal of H2S, the main reduced sulfur compound to eliminate in biogas. This review presents the main characteristics of sulfur-oxidizing chemotrophic bacteria that are the base of the biological transformation of H2S to innocuous products in biofilters. A survey of the existing biofiltration technologies in relation to H2S elimination is then presented followed by a review of the microbial ecology studies performed to date on biotrickling filter units for the treatment of H2S in biogas under aerobic and anoxic conditions.
Collapse
|
25
|
Adding an anaerobic step can rapidly inhibit sludge bulking in SBR reactor. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10843. [PMID: 31350413 PMCID: PMC6659659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated sludge from wastewater treatment plants was seeded into a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in which synthetic wastewater was used as the influent. The sludge was bulked by decreasing the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO). By adding a 30 min step of anaerobic stirring after the water inflow, the sludge bulking was rapidly inhibited after 10 running cycles, and the sludge volume index (SVI) decreased from 222 to 74 mL·g-1. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the relative abundance of bacteria Thiothrix, bacteria norank_o_Sphingobacteriales and fungi Trichosporon was increased by 6.3, 4.3 and 81.2%, after initial SBR stages, but these bacteria were inhibited by the addition of an anaerobic step, as their relative abundances decreased by 0.7, 0.8 and 14.7%, respectively. The proliferation of Thiothrix, norank_o_Sphingobacteriales and Trichosporon was the primary reason for the observed sludge bulking in the reactor. After the anaerobic step was added, the sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) concentration was increased from 84.4 to 104.0 mg·(gMLSS)-1 (grams of mixed liquor suspended solids). Thus, the addition of an anaerobic step can inhibit the growth of filamentous bacteria, increasing the sludge EPS concentration and promoting the precipitation of activated sludge.
Collapse
|
26
|
Gerrity D, Neyestani M. Impacts of solids retention time and antibiotic loading in activated sludge systems on secondary effluent water quality and microbial community structure. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:546-560. [PMID: 30693624 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Solids retention time (SRT) is one of the most important factors in designing and operating activated sludge systems for biological wastewater treatment. Longer SRTs have been shown to alter the structure and function of microbial communities, thereby leading to improved treatment efficacy with respect to bulk and trace organics, nutrient removal, and membrane fouling. Research has also shown that longer SRTs and/or higher influent antibiotic concentrations may lead to increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance. However, it is unclear whether elevated, yet subclinical, concentrations of antibiotics also impact the overall microbial community. The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in microbial community structure in a laboratory-scale activated sludge system as a function of SRT (2-20 days) and influent concentrations (1×-100× ambient) of ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and vancomycin. Changes in microbial community structure were evaluated based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and microbial community function was evaluated based on changes in effluent water quality, including attenuation of bulk and trace organics. The results confirmed that longer SRTs-but not antibiotic loadings-had a significant impact on microbial community structure and effluent water quality. Therefore, moderate spikes in influent antibiotic concentrations are not expected to adversely impact biological wastewater treatment. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Longer SRTs lead to changes in microbial community structure, including alpha and beta diversity and relative abundance of various taxa. Enhanced TOrC attenuation at longer SRTs may be linked to biomass abundance rather than changes in microbial community structure. Moderate spikes in influent antibiotic concentrations do not impact activated sludge performance or microbial community structure. The phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes comprise a majority of the microbial community in primary effluent and mixed liquor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gerrity
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Majid Neyestani
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada
- Carollo Engineers, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|