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Ren J, Kitaura H, Noguchi T, Ohori F, Marahleh A, Ma J, Kanou K, Fan Z, Mizoguchi I. Exogenous Angiotensin-(1-7) Provides Protection Against Inflammatory Bone Resorption and Osteoclastogenesis by Inhibition of TNF-α Expression in Macrophages. Calcif Tissue Int 2024:10.1007/s00223-024-01257-6. [PMID: 39030433 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-024-01257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. It is reported to be involved in mediating osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in diseases of inflammatory bone resorption such as osteoporosis. Angiotensin-(1-7), a product of Angiotensin I and II (Ang I, II), is cleaved by Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and then binds to Mas receptor to counteract inflammatory effects produced by Ang II. However, the mechanism by which Ang-(1-7) reduces bone resorption remains unclear. Therefore, we aim to elucidate the effects of Ang-(1-7) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoclastogenesis. In vivo, mice were supracalvarial injected with Ang-(1-7) or LPS ± Ang-(1-7) subcutaneously. Bone resorption and osteoclast formation were compared using micro-computed tomography, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain, and real-time PCR. We found that Ang-(1-7) attenuated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TRAP, and Cathepsin K expression from calvaria and decreased osteoclast number along with bone resorption at the suture mesenchyme. In vitro, RANKL/TNF-α ± Ang-(1-7) was added to cultures of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and osteoclast formation was measured via TRAP staining. The effect of Ang-(1-7) on LPS-induced osteoblasts RANKL expression and peritoneal macrophages TNF-α expression was also investigated. The effect of Ang-(1-7) on the MAPK and NF-κB pathway was studied by Western blotting. As a result, Ang-(1-7) reduced LPS-stimulated macrophages TNF-α expression and inhibited the MAPK and NF-κB pathway activation. However, Ang-(1-7) did not affect osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL/TNF-α nor reduce osteoblasts RANKL expression in vitro. In conclusion, Ang-(1-7) alleviated LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in vivo via inhibiting TNF-α expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Ren
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Noguchi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Ohori
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Aseel Marahleh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jinghan Ma
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kanou
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ziqiu Fan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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Habib YH, Sheta E, Khattab M, Gowayed MA. Diminazene aceturate or losartan ameliorates the functional, radiological and histopathological alterations in knee osteoarthritis rodent model: repurposing of the ACE2/Ang1-7/MasR cascade. J Exp Orthop 2023; 10:107. [PMID: 37878123 PMCID: PMC10600085 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-023-00673-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Current therapies for osteoarthritis (OA) are limited to analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Considering the importance of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in OA etiology, we tested the hypothesis that targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) can improve OA anomalies. Diminazene (DIZE), an activator of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and the angiotensin 2 type-1 receptor blocker losartan (LOS) were used for this purpose. METHODS OA was induced by a single intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate. The effects of exposure to DIZE or LOS for 21 days on OA anomalies in rats' knees were investigated. Evaluation of motor function, nociception, and inflammatory response was done using rotarod, knee bend and knee swelling tests. Markers of knee joint inflammation, and cellular oxidation in addition to the RAAS biomarkers, were assessed in knee tissues, along with radiological and histopathological investigations. RESULTS Elevations in inflammatory and oxidative markers in knee tissues of OA rats were mostly improved by the two therapeutic drugs. Such effect was also reflected in the rotarod, knee bend and knee swelling tests. Treatment with DIZE has shown a more prominent effect than LOS in controlling OA-associated inflammation and cellular oxidation. Markers of RAAS have also shown better responsiveness to DIZE over LOS. CONCLUSIONS DIZE has shown a prominent increase in the angiotensin 1-7 amount, highlighting the involvement of the signaling pathway in the immunomodulatory effect. The radiological and histopathology examination came to confirm the outcome of biochemical markers, nominating diminazene aceturate as a possible therapeutic option for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser H Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Khattab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mennatallah A Gowayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Canal El- Mahmoudia Str., Smouha, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Abuohashish H, Shahin S, Alamri A, Salloot Z, Alhawaj H, Omar O. Angiotensin(1-7) attenuates tooth movement and regulates alveolar bone response during orthodontic force application in experimental animal model. Prog Orthod 2023; 24:33. [PMID: 37840086 PMCID: PMC10577116 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-023-00486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renin-angiotensin system and its ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas receptor axis regulates skeletal response to multiple physiological and pathological conditions. Recent research suggested a vital role of Ang(1-7) in regulating alveolar bone metabolism and remodeling. In this context, this study evaluated the effects of the Ang(1-7)/Mas receptor axis on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and the alveolar bone response to mechanical load. METHODS A coil spring was placed between the right maxillary first molar and the anterior tooth of Wistar rats to apply bidirectional mechanical force. Ang(1-7) with or without a specific Mas receptor antagonist (A779) was infused using subcutaneous osmotic pumps (200 and 400 ng/kg/min: respectively). Animals were killed after 5 and 14 days from the OTM procedure after the clinical evaluation of tooth movement and mobility. Morphometric analysis of alveolar bone structure was conducted using micro-CT and the histological picture was evaluated after H&E staining. Moreover, collagen fiber distribution was assessed using Picro-Sirius red stain. In addition, bone samples were collected from the pressure and tension sites around the anterior tooth for gene expression analysis. RESULTS Ang(1-7) infusion suppressed the tooth movement and mobility after 14 days of the orthodontic force application. Additionally, Ang(1-7) infusion preserved the morphometric and histological structure of the alveolar bone at pressure and tension sides. These effects were abolished by adding A779 infusion. Collagen fiber distribution was dysregulated mainly by the A779 Mas receptor blockage. Ang(1-7) affected the bone formation, remodeling- and vascularity-related genes in the pressure and tension sides, suggesting a prominent suppression of osteoclastogenesis. Ang(1-7) also improved osteoblasts-related genes on the tension side, whereas the osteoclasts-related genes were augmented by A779 on the pressure side. CONCLUSION Collectively, the activation of Ang(1-7)/Mas receptor axis appears to hinder tooth movement and regulates alveolar bone remodeling in response to mechanical force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Abuohashish
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Suliman Shahin
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alamri
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainah Salloot
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Alhawaj
- Department of Environmental Health Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Fan Z, Kitaura H, Ren J, Ohori F, Noguchi T, Marahleh A, Ma J, Kanou K, Miura M, Narita K, Lin A, Mizoguchi I. Azilsartan inhibits inflammation-triggered bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis in vivo via suppression of TNF-α expression in macrophages. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1207502. [PMID: 37795376 PMCID: PMC10545845 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1207502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with increased bone loss due to excessive activity of the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Angiotensinogen/Angiotensin (ANG) II/Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis is considered as the core axis regulating RAS activity. Azilsartan is an FDA-approved selective AT1R antagonist that is used to treat hypertension. This study aimed to determine whether azilsartan affects formation of osteoclast, resorption of bone, and the expression of cytokines linked with osteoclastogenesis during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammation in vivo. Methods In vivo, following a 5-day supracalvarial injection of LPS or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with or without azilsartan, the proportion of bone resorption and the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells, which are identified as osteoclasts on mice calvariae were counted. The mRNA expression levels of TRAP, cathepsin K, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), and TNF-α were also evaluated. In vitro, the effect of azilsartan (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μM) on RANKL and TNF-α-triggered osteoclastogenesis were investigated. Also, whether azilsartan restrains LPS-triggered TNF-α mRNA and protein expression in macrophages and RANKL expression in osteoblasts were assessed. Furthermore, western blotting for analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling was conducted. Results Azilsartan-treated calvariae exhibited significantly lower bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis than those treated with LPS alone. In vivo, LPS with azilsartan administration resulted in lower levels of receptor activator of RANKL and TNF-α mRNA expression than LPS administration alone. Nevertheless, azilsartan did not show inhibitory effect on RANKL- and TNF-α-triggered osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Compared to macrophages treated with LPS, TNF-α mRNA and protein levels were lower in macrophages treated by LPS with azilsartan. In contrast, RANKL mRNA and protein expression levels in osteoblasts were the same in cells co-treated with azilsartan and LPS and those exposed to LPS only. Furthermore, azilsartan suppressed LPS-triggered MAPKs signaling pathway in macrophages. After 5-day supracalvarial injection, there is no difference between TNF-α injection group and TNF-α with azilsartan injection group. Conclusion These findings imply that azilsartan prevents LPS-triggered TNF-α production in macrophages, which in turn prevents LPS-Triggered osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiu Fan
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jiayi Ren
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Ohori
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Noguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aseel Marahleh
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jinghan Ma
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kanou
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mariko Miura
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kohei Narita
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Angyi Lin
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Mkhize BC, Mosili P, Ngubane PS, Sibiya NH, Khathi A. The Relationship between Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Activity, Osteoporosis and Estrogen Deficiency in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11963. [PMID: 37569338 PMCID: PMC10419188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with a plethora of comorbidities, including osteoporosis, which occurs due to an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. Numerous mechanisms have been explored to understand this association, including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). An upregulated RAAS has been positively correlated with T2D and estrogen deficiency in comorbidities such as osteoporosis in humans and experimental studies. Therefore, research has focused on these associations in order to find ways to improve glucose handling, osteoporosis and the downstream effects of estrogen deficiency. Upregulation of RAAS may alter the bone microenvironment by altering the bone marrow inflammatory status by shifting the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) ratio. The angiotensin-converting-enzyme/angiotensin II/Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (ACE/Ang II/AT1R) has been evidenced to promote osteoclastogenesis and decrease osteoblast formation and differentiation. ACE/Ang II/AT1R inhibits the wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway, which is integral in bone formation. While a lot of literature exists on the effects of RAAS and osteoporosis on T2D, the work is yet to be consolidated. Therefore, this review looks at RAAS activity in relation to osteoporosis and T2D. This review also highlights the relationship between RAAS activity, osteoporosis and estrogen deficiency in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongeka Cassandra Mkhize
- Human Physiology, Health Science, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville 4041, South Africa; (B.C.M.); (P.M.); (P.S.N.)
| | - Palesa Mosili
- Human Physiology, Health Science, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville 4041, South Africa; (B.C.M.); (P.M.); (P.S.N.)
| | - Phikelelani Sethu Ngubane
- Human Physiology, Health Science, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville 4041, South Africa; (B.C.M.); (P.M.); (P.S.N.)
| | | | - Andile Khathi
- Human Physiology, Health Science, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville 4041, South Africa; (B.C.M.); (P.M.); (P.S.N.)
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Godoy-Lugo JA, Mendez DA, Rodriguez R, Nishiyama A, Nakano D, Soñanez-Organis JG, Ortiz RM. Improved lipogenesis gene expression in liver is associated with elevated plasma angiotensin 1-7 after AT1 receptor blockade in insulin-resistant OLETF rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 555:111729. [PMID: 35921918 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased angiotensin II (Ang II) signaling contributes to insulin resistance and liver steatosis. In addition to ameliorating hypertension, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) improve lipid metabolism and hepatic steatosis, which are impaired with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Chronic blockade of the Ang II receptor type 1 (AT1) increases plasma angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7), which mediates mechanisms counterregulatory to AT1 signaling. Elevated plasma Ang 1-7 is associated with decreased plasma triacylglycerol (TAG), cholesterol, glucose, and insulin; however, the benefits of RAS modulation to prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are not fully investigated. To better address the relationships among chronic ARB treatment, plasma Ang 1-7, and hepatic steatosis, three groups of 10-week-old-rats were studied: (1) untreated lean Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), (2) untreated Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF), and (3) OLETF + ARB (ARB; 10 mg olmesartan/kg/d × 6 weeks). Following overnight fasting, rats underwent an acute glucose load to better understand the dynamic metabolic responses during hepatic steatosis and early MetS. Tissues were collected at baseline (pre-load; T0) and 1 and 2 h post-glucose load. AT1 blockade increased plasma Ang 1-7 and decreased liver lipids, which was associated with decreased fatty acid transporter 5 (FATP5) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression. AT1 blockade decreased liver glucose and increased glucokinase (GCK) expression. These results demonstrate that during MetS, overactivation of AT1 promotes hepatic lipid deposition that is stimulated by an acute glucose load and lipogenesis genes, suggesting that the chronic hyperglycemia associated with MetS contributes to fatty liver pathologies via an AT1-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Godoy-Lugo
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
| | - Dora A Mendez
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Ruben Rodriguez
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University Medical School, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University Medical School, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Jose G Soñanez-Organis
- Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Rudy M Ortiz
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
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Pramusita A, Kitaura H, Ohori F, Noguchi T, Marahleh A, Nara Y, Kinjo R, Ma J, Kanou K, Tanaka Y, Mizoguchi I. Salt-Sensitive Hypertension Induces Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption via Upregulation of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Expression in Osteoblasts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:816764. [PMID: 35445013 PMCID: PMC9013777 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.816764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic-low grade inflammatory disease, which is known to be associated with increased bone loss. Excessive activity of the local renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in bone leads to increased bone resorption. As inflammatory cytokines may activate RAS components, we hypothesized that the elevated proinflammatory cytokine levels in hypertension activate bone RAS and thus lead to increased bone resorption. To investigate whether salt-sensitive hypertension (SSHTN) induces osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, we generated a model of SSHTN in C57BL/6J mice by post-Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) high-salt challenge. SSHTN led to the reduction of distal femur trabecular number and bone volume fraction, while trabecular separation of femoral bone showed a significant increase, with no change in cortical thickness. Histomorphometric examination showed a significant reduction in trabecular bone volume fraction with an increased number of multinucleated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells and increased osteoclast surface fraction in the trabecular distal femur of hypertensive mice. Furthermore, analysis of gene expression in bone tissue revealed that TRAP and RANKL/OPG mRNA were highly expressed in hypertensive mice. TNF-α and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) mRNA and protein expression were also upregulated in SSHTN mice. These observations suggested that TNF-α may have an effect on AGTR1 expression leading to osteoclast activation. However, TNF-α stimulation did not promote AGTR1 mRNA expression in osteoclast precursors in culture, while TNF-α increased AGTR1 mRNA expression in osteoblast culture by activation of downstream p38. Angiotensin II was also shown to increase TNF-α-induced RANKL/OPG mRNA expression in primary osteoblast culture and osteoclastogenesis in a TNF-α-primed osteoblast and osteoclast precursor co-culture system. In addition, local injection of lipopolysaccharide into the supracalvariae of SSHTN mice markedly promoted osteoclast and bone resorption. In conclusion, mice with SSHTN show increased osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption due mainly to increased TNF-α and partly to the upregulation of AGTR1 in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adya Pramusita
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hideki Kitaura,
| | - Fumitoshi Ohori
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Noguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Aseel Marahleh
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nara
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ria Kinjo
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jinghan Ma
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kanou
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinori Tanaka
- Division of Dento-Oral Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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Captopril alleviates glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by mediating the ACE2/ Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor cascade. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 921:174871. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kutlu Z, Bilen A, Celik M, Maman A, Gulaboglu M, Kul A, Celik Z, Halici Z. The relationship of telmisartan with sclerostin in the osteoporosis model induced by ovariectomy in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1693-1702. [PMID: 34874446 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim is to explain the relationship between Ang II and Scl in osteoporotic (OP) rats and the contribution of Scl in the antiosteoporotic effect mechanism of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). METHODS This study consists of two sub-studies conducted on 4th and 12th weeks after ovariectomy. In study 1, treatment was started immediately after bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), while, in study 2, treatment was started 2 months after OVX. Two different doses of telmisartan (5 and 10 mg/kg) were administered with the aid of gavage for 30 days in both sub-study groups. RESULTS Serum and tissue Scl, osteocalcin, osteopontin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase mRNA expressions were higher and bone mineral densities (BMD) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) mRNA expressions were found to be lower in the OVX groups compared with the sham group. In OVX groups where two different doses of telmisartan were administered, BMD and BALP mRNA expressions increased and serum and tissue Scl decreased. CONCLUSION There may be a close relationship between angiotensin II and sclerostin in the development of osteoporosis. In this study, telmisartan administration showed an antiosteoporotic effect and significantly decreased the level of sclerostin. These results strongly support this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Kutlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Bilen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Celik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adem Maman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mine Gulaboglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Kul
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University Erzurum, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Celik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zekai Halici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Clinical Research, Development and Design Application and Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Garbieri TF, Martin V, Santos CF, Gomes PDS, Fernandes MH. The Embryonic Chick Femur Organotypic Model as a Tool to Analyze the Angiotensin II Axis on Bone Tissue. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050469. [PMID: 34065702 PMCID: PMC8157202 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of renin–angiotensin system (RAS) plays a role in bone deterioration associated with bone metabolic disorders, via increased Angiotensin II (AngII) targeting Angiotensin II type 1 receptor/Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT1R/AT2R). Despite the wide data availability, the RAS role remains controversial. This study analyzes the feasibility of using the embryonic chick femur organotypic model to address AngII/AT1R/AT2R axis in bone, which is an application not yet considered. Embryonic day-11 femurs were cultured ex vivo for 11 days in three settings: basal conditions, exposure to AngII, and modulation of AngII effects by prior receptor blockade, i.e., AT1R, AT2R, and AT1R + AT2R. Tissue response was evaluated by combining µCT and histological analysis. Basal-cultured femurs expressed components of RAS, namely ACE, AT1R, AT2R, and MasR (qPCR analysis). Bone formation occurred in the diaphyseal region in all conditions. In basal-cultured femurs, AT1R blocking increased Bone Surface/Bone Volume (BS/BV), whereas Bone Volume/Tissue Volume (BV/TV) decreased with AT2R or AT1R + AT2R blockade. Exposure to AngII greatly decreased BV/TV compared to basal conditions. Receptor blockade prior to AngII addition prevented this effect, i.e., AT1R blockade induced BV/TV, whereas blocking AT2R caused lower BV/TV increase but greater BS/BV; AT1R + AT2R blockade also improved BV/TV. Concluding, the embryonic chick femur model was sensitive to three relevant RAS research setups, proving its usefulness to address AngII/AT1R/AT2R axis in bone both in basal and activated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Francini Garbieri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo 17012-901, Brazil; (T.F.G.); (C.F.S.)
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (V.M.); (P.d.S.G.)
| | - Victor Martin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (V.M.); (P.d.S.G.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4160-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo 17012-901, Brazil; (T.F.G.); (C.F.S.)
| | - Pedro de Sousa Gomes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (V.M.); (P.d.S.G.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4160-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (V.M.); (P.d.S.G.)
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4160-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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11
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The Tissue Renin-Angiotensin System and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Major Human Diseases: Quo Vadis? Cells 2021; 10:cells10030650. [PMID: 33804069 PMCID: PMC7999456 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence has arisen in recent years suggesting that a tissue renin-angiotensin system (tRAS) is involved in the progression of various human diseases. This system contains two regulatory pathways: a pathological pro-inflammatory pathway containing the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)/Angiotensin II (AngII)/Angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) axis and a protective anti-inflammatory pathway involving the Angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AGTR2)/ACE2/Ang1–7/MasReceptor axis. Numerous studies reported the positive effects of pathologic tRAS pathway inhibition and protective tRAS pathway stimulation on the treatment of cardiovascular, inflammatory, and autoimmune disease and the progression of neuropathic pain. Cell senescence and aging are known to be related to RAS pathways. Further, this system directly interacts with SARS-CoV 2 and seems to be an important target of interest in the COVID-19 pandemic. This review focuses on the involvement of tRAS in the progression of the mentioned diseases from an interdisciplinary clinical perspective and highlights therapeutic strategies that might be of major clinical importance in the future.
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12
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Sha NN, Zhang JL, Poon CCW, Li WX, Li Y, Wang YF, Shi W, Lin FH, Lin WP, Wang YJ, Zhang Y. Differential responses of bone to angiotensin II and angiotensin(1-7): beneficial effects of ANG(1-7) on bone with exposure to high glucose. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E55-E70. [PMID: 33103451 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00158.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, diabetes, and hypertension are common concurrent chronic disorders. This study aimed to explore the respective effects of angiotensin II (ANG II) and angiotensin(1-7) [ANG(1-7)], active peptides in the renin-angiotensin system, on osteoblasts and osteoclasts under high-glucose level, as well as to investigate the osteo-preservative effects of ANG II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blocker and ANG(1-7) in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). ANG II and ANG(1-7), respectively, decreased and increased the formation of calcified nodules and alkaline phosphatase activity in MC3T3-E1 cells under high-glucose level, and respectively stimulated and inhibited the number of matured osteoclasts and pit resorptive area in RANKL-induced bone marrow macrophages. Olmesartan and Mas receptor antagonist A779 could abolish those effects. ANG II and ANG(1-7), respectively, downregulated and upregulated the expressions of osteogenesis factors in MC3T3-E1 cells. ANG II promoted the expressions of cathepsin K and MMP9 in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas ANG(1-7) repressed these osteoclastogenesis factors. ANG II rapidly increased the phosphorylation of Akt and p38 in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas ANG(1-7) markedly reduced the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK under high-glucose condition. After treatments of diabetic SHR with valsartan and ANG(1-7), a significant increase in trabecular bone area, bone mineral density, and mechanical strength was only found in the ANG(1-7)-treated group. Treatment with ANG(1-7) significantly suppressed the increase in renin expression and ANG II content in the bone of SHR. Taken together, ANG II/AT1R and ANG(1-7)/Mas distinctly regulated the differentiation and functions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts upon exposure to high-glucose condition. ANG(1-7) could protect SHR from diabetes-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Sha
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Li Zhang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Christina Chui-Wa Poon
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Li
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- National TCM Clinical Research Base of Hypertension, the affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- National TCM Clinical Research Base of Hypertension, the affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Fu-Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopaedic Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen-Ping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopaedic Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Brito VGB, Patrocinio MS, de Sousa MCL, Barreto AEA, Frasnelli SCT, Lara VS, Santos CF, Oliveira SHP. Telmisartan Prevents Alveolar Bone Loss by Decreasing the Expression of Osteoclasts Markers in Hypertensive Rats With Periodontal Disease. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:579926. [PMID: 33364953 PMCID: PMC7751694 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.579926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is a prevalent inflammatory disease with the most severe consequence being the loss of the alveolar bone and teeth. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of telmisartan (TELM), an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (Agtr1) antagonist, on the PD-induced alveolar bone loss, in Wistar (W) and Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHRs). PD was induced by ligating the lower first molars with silk, and 10 mg/kg TELM was concomitantly administered for 15 days. The hemimandibles were subjected to microtomography, ELISA was used for detecting tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CXCL3, and CCL2, while qRT-PCR was used for analyzing expression of components of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (Agt, Ace, Agt1r, Agt2r, Ace2, and Masr), and bone markers (Runx2, Osx, Catnb, Alp, Col1a1, Opn, Ocn, Bsp, Bmp2, Trap, Rank, Rankl, CtsK, Mmp-2, Mmp-9, and osteoclast-associated receptor (Oscar)). The SHR + PD group showed greater alveolar bone loss than the W + PD group, what was significantly inhibited by treatment with TELM, especially in the SHR group. Additionally, TELM reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and CXCL3 in the SHR group. The expression of Agt increased in the groups with PD, while Agtr2 reduced, and TELM reduced the expression of Agtr1 and increased the expression of Agtr2, in W and SHRs. PD did not induce major changes in the expression of bone formation markers, except for the expression of Alp, which decreased in the PD groups. The bone resorption markers expression, Mmp9, Ctsk, and Vtn, was higher in the SHR + PD group, compared to the respective control and W + PD group. However, TELM attenuated these changes and increased the expression of Runx2 and Alp. Our study suggested that TELM has a protective effect on the progression of PD, especially in hypertensive animals, as evaluated by the resorption of the lower alveolar bone. This can be partly explained by the modulation in the expression of Angiotensin II receptors (AT1R and AT2R), reduced production of inflammatory mediators, the reduced expression of resorption markers, and the increased expression of the bone formation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Gustavo Balera Brito
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Mariana Sousa Patrocinio
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Linjardi de Sousa
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Ayná Emanuelli Alves Barreto
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Cruz Tfaile Frasnelli
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Department of Stomatology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Science, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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14
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Gupta I, Rizeq B, Elkord E, Vranic S, Al Moustafa AE. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Lung Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Modalities. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2186. [PMID: 32764454 PMCID: PMC7464614 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses, especially SARS-CoV-2, are emerging pandemic infectious diseases with high morbidity and mortality in certain group of patients. In general, SARS-CoV-2 causes symptoms ranging from the common cold to severe conditions accompanied by lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome in addition to other organs' destruction. The main impact upon SARS-CoV-2 infection is damage to alveolar and acute respiratory failure. Thus, lung cancer patients are identified as a particularly high-risk group for SARS-CoV-2 infection and its complications. On the other hand, it has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), that promotes cellular entry of this virus in concert with host proteases, principally transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). Today, there are no vaccines and/or effective drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Thus, manipulation of key entry genes of this virus especially in lung cancer patients could be one of the best approaches to manage SARS-CoV-2 infection in this group of patients. We herein provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the role of ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 genes, as key entry elements as well as therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can help to better understand the applications and capacities of various remedial approaches for infected individuals, especially those with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Balsam Rizeq
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Eyad Elkord
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute & 4Hamad Bin Khalifa University, 34110 Doha, Qatar;
- Biomedical Research Center, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
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15
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Shu Y, Cao XY, Chen J. Preparation and antagonistic effect of ACE inhibitory peptide from cashew. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:6822-6832. [PMID: 31385307 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides were found to alleviate acute hepatitis significantly. In this study, we purified and identified ACE inhibitory peptide from cashew to evaluate its protective role on alcohol-induced acute hepatitis in mice. RESULTS The ACE inhibitory peptides were purified by using consecutive chromatographic techniques. One of these peptides (FETISFK) exhibited the highest ACE inhibition rate (91.04 ± 0.31%). In vivo, the results showed that ACE inhibitory peptide decreased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) caused by alcohol exposure. Moreover, it could increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and decrease the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). It was also found to down-regulate markedly the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). It could also decrease the expression of ACE, angiotensin II (AngII) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 R). CONCLUSION These findings support the view that the ACE inhibitory peptide alleviated acute hepatitis by down-regulating the ACE-AngII-AT1 R axis, broadening the research approach to prevent acute hepatitis, and providing experimental data for the development and utilization of cashews. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xian-Ying Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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16
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Queiroz-Junior CM, Santos ACPM, Galvão I, Souto GR, Mesquita RA, Sá MA, Ferreira AJ. The angiotensin converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor axis as a key player in alveolar bone remodeling. Bone 2019; 128:115041. [PMID: 31442676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), aside its classical hormonal properties, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. The angiotensin converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor (ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR) axis owns anti-inflammatory properties and was recently associated with bone remodeling in osteoporosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the presence and effects of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis in osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo. ACE2 and MasR were detected by qPCR and western blotting in primary osteoblast and osteoclast cell cultures. Cells were incubated with different concentrations of Ang-(1-7), diminazene aceturate (DIZE - an ACE2 activator), A-779 (MasR antagonist) and/or LPS in order to evaluate osteoblast alkaline phosphatase and mineralized matrix, osteoclast differentiation and cytokine expression, and mRNA levels of osteoblasts and osteoclasts markers. An experimental model of alveolar bone resorption triggered by dysbiosis in rats was used to evaluate bone remodeling in vivo. Rats were treated with Ang-(1-7), DIZE and/or A-779 and periodontal samples were collected for immunohistochemistry, morphometric analysis, osteoblast and osteoclast count and cytokine evaluation. Human gingival samples from healthy and periodontitis patients were also evaluated for detection of ACE2 and MasR expression. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts expressed ACE2 and MasR in vitro and in vivo. LPS stimulation or alveolar bone loss induction reduced ACE2 expression. Treatment of bone cells with Ang-(1-7) or DIZE stimulated osteoblast ALP, matrix synthesis, upregulated osterix, osteocalcin and collagen type 1 transcription, reduced IL-6 expression, and decreased osteoclast differentiation, RANK and IL-1β mRNA transcripts, and IL-6 and IL-1β levels, in a MasR-dependent manner. In vivo, Ang-(1-7) and DIZE decreased alveolar bone loss through improvement of osteoblast/osteoclast ratio. A-779 reversed such phenotype. ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis activation reduced IL-6 expression, but not IL-1β. ACE2 and MasR were also detected in human gingival samples, with higher expression in the healthy than in the inflamed tissues. These findings show that the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR is an active player in alveolar bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Translational Biology Lab, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Anna Clara Paiva Menezes Santos
- Translational Biology Lab, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izabela Galvão
- Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Ribeiro Souto
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Chatholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Augusto Sá
- Translational Biology Lab, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anderson José Ferreira
- Translational Biology Lab, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Angiotensin 1-7 alleviates aging-associated muscle weakness and bone loss, but is not associated with accelerated aging in ACE2-knockout mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:2005-2018. [PMID: 31519791 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-angiotensin 1-7 (A1-7)-A1-7 receptor (Mas) axis plays a protective role in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). We recently found that ACE2 knockout (ACE2KO) mice exhibit earlier aging-associated muscle weakness, and that A1-7 alleviates muscle weakness in aging mice. In the present study, we investigated the role of the A1-7-Mas pathway in the effect of ACE2 on physiological aging. Male wild-type, ACE2KO, and Mas knockout (MasKO) mice were subjected to periodical grip strength measurement, followed by administration of A1-7 or vehicle for 4 weeks at 24 months of age. ACE2KO mice exhibited decreased grip strength after 6 months of age, while grip strength of MasKO mice was similar to that of wild-type mice. A1-7 improved grip strength in ACE2KO and wild-type mice, but not in MasKO mice. Muscle fibre size was smaller in ACE2KO mice than that in wild-type and MasKO mice, and increased with A1-7 in ACE2KO and WT mice, but not in MasKO mice. Centrally nucleated fibres (CNFs) and expression of the senescence-associated gene p16INK4a in skeletal muscles were enhanced only in ACE2KO mice and were not altered by A1-7. ACE2KO mice, but not MasKO mice, exhibited thinning of peripheral fat along with increased adipose expression of p16INK4a A1-7 significantly increased bone volume in wild-type and ACE2KO mice, but not in MasKO mice. Our findings suggest that the impact of ACE2 on physiological aging does not depend on the endogenous production of A1-7 by ACE2, while overactivation of the A1-7-Mas pathway could alleviate sarcopenia and osteoporosis in aged mice.
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18
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Zhao J, Yang H, Chen B, Zhang R. The skeletal renin-angiotensin system: A potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoarticular diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 72:258-263. [PMID: 31003003 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The classical renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is known to be a key regulator of blood pressure as well as fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Additionally, it is now evident that components of the RAS are produced and act locally in many tissues, including liver, kidney, heart, lung, eye, bone, reproductive organ, adipose, and adrenal tissue, and these components are collectively known as tissue RAS. Recently, several studies have shown that local bone RAS is directly involved in bone metabolism, and activation of skeletal RAS plays an important role in bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, arthritis, and deterioration as well as in fracture healing. Based on the identification of RAS components in bone, we examined a new therapeutic approach to attenuate bone diseases through RAS inhibitors: renin inhibitor, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of the skeletal RAS in the pathophysiology of bone diseases and the beneficial effect of RAS inhibitors on bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
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