1
|
Flender D, Vilenne F, Adams C, Boonen K, Valkenborg D, Baggerman G. Exploring the dynamic landscape of immunopeptidomics: Unravelling posttranslational modifications and navigating bioinformatics terrain. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 39152539 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Immunopeptidomics is becoming an increasingly important field of study. The capability to identify immunopeptides with pivotal roles in the human immune system is essential to shift the current curative medicine towards personalized medicine. Throughout the years, the field has matured, giving insight into the current pitfalls. Nowadays, it is commonly accepted that generalizing shotgun proteomics workflows is malpractice because immunopeptidomics faces numerous challenges. While many of these difficulties have been addressed, the road towards the ideal workflow remains complicated. Although the presence of Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in the immunopeptidome has been demonstrated, their identification remains highly challenging despite their significance for immunotherapies. The large number of unpredictable modifications in the immunopeptidome plays a pivotal role in the functionality and these challenges. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current advancements in immunopeptidomics. We delve into the challenges associated with identifying PTMs within the immunopeptidome, aiming to address the current state of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Flender
- Centre for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Health Unit, VITO, Mol, Belgium
| | - Frédérique Vilenne
- Health Unit, VITO, Mol, Belgium
- Data Science Institute, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Adams
- Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kurt Boonen
- Centre for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
- ImmuneSpec, Niel, Belgium
| | - Dirk Valkenborg
- Data Science Institute, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Geert Baggerman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- ImmuneSpec, Niel, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weng S, Li Q, Zhang T, Lin T, He Y, Yang G, Wang H, Xu Y. Enhanced Glycosylation Caused by Overexpression of Rv1002c in a Recombinant BCG Promotes Immune Response and Protects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:622. [PMID: 38932351 PMCID: PMC11209282 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health threat despite its virtual elimination in developed countries. Issues such as drug accessibility, emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, and limitations of the current BCG vaccine highlight the urgent need for more effective TB control measures. This study constructed BCG strains overexpressing Rv1002c and found that the rBCG-Rv1002c strain secreted more glycosylated proteins, significantly enhancing macrophage activation and immune protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). These results indicate that Rv1002c overexpression promotes elevated levels of O-glycosylation in BCG bacteriophages, enhancing their phagocytic and antigenic presentation functions. Moreover, rBCG-Rv1002c significantly upregulated immune regulatory molecules on the macrophage surface, activated the NF-κB pathway, and facilitated the release of large amounts of NO and H2O2, thereby enhancing bacterial control. In mice, rBCG-Rv1002c immunization induced greater innate and adaptive immune responses, including increased production of multifunctional and long-term memory T cells. Furthermore, rBCG-Rv1002c-immunized mice exhibited reduced lung bacterial load and histological damage upon M. tb infection. This result shows that it has the potential to be an excellent candidate for a preventive vaccine against TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Weng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Qingchun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Tianran Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Taiyue Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Yumo He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Honghai Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, School of Life Sciences, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China; (S.W.); (Q.L.); (T.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.H.); (G.Y.); (H.W.)
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, Shanghai 200052, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rohn H, Rebmann V. Is HLA-E with its receptors an immune checkpoint or an antigenic determinant in allo-HCT? Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2024; 37:101560. [PMID: 39098806 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2024.101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) represents a potentially curative therapeutic approach for various hematologic and non-hematologic malignancies. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching is still the central selection criterion for HCT donors. Nevertheless, post-transplant complications, in particular graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), relapse of disease and infectious complications, represent a major challenge and contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality. Recently, non-classical HLA class I molecules, especially HLA-E, have gained increasing attention in the context of allogeneic HCT. This review aims to summarize the latest findings on the immunomodulatory role of HLA-E, which serves as a ligand for receptors of the innate and adaptive immune system. In particular, we aim to elucidate how (i) polymorphisms within HLA-E, (ii) the NKG2A/C axis and (iii) the repertoire of peptides presented by HLA-E jointly influence the functionality of immune effector cells. Understanding this intricate network of interactions is crucial as it significantly affects NK and T cell responses and thus clinical outcomes after HCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Rohn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Vera Rebmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Paterson RL, La Manna MP, Arena De Souza V, Walker A, Gibbs-Howe D, Kulkarni R, Fergusson JR, Mulakkal NC, Monteiro M, Bunjobpol W, Dembek M, Martin-Urdiroz M, Grant T, Barber C, Garay-Baquero DJ, Tezera LB, Lowne D, Britton-Rivet C, Pengelly R, Chepisiuk N, Singh PK, Woon AP, Powlesland AS, McCully ML, Caccamo N, Salio M, Badami GD, Dorrell L, Knox A, Robinson R, Elkington P, Dieli F, Lepore M, Leonard S, Godinho LF. An HLA-E-targeted TCR bispecific molecule redirects T cell immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318003121. [PMID: 38691588 PMCID: PMC11087797 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318003121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptides presented by HLA-E, a molecule with very limited polymorphism, represent attractive targets for T cell receptor (TCR)-based immunotherapies to circumvent the limitations imposed by the high polymorphism of classical HLA genes in the human population. Here, we describe a TCR-based bispecific molecule that potently and selectively binds HLA-E in complex with a peptide encoded by the inhA gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis in humans. We reveal the biophysical and structural bases underpinning the potency and specificity of this molecule and demonstrate its ability to redirect polyclonal T cells to target HLA-E-expressing cells transduced with mycobacterial inhA as well as primary cells infected with virulent Mtb. Additionally, we demonstrate elimination of Mtb-infected cells and reduction of intracellular Mtb growth. Our study suggests an approach to enhance host T cell immunity against Mtb and provides proof of principle for an innovative TCR-based therapeutic strategy overcoming HLA polymorphism and therefore applicable to a broader patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco P. La Manna
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
| | | | - Andrew Walker
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Gibbs-Howe
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Rakesh Kulkarni
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Mauro Monteiro
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marcin Dembek
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tressan Grant
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Barber
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Diana J. Garay-Baquero
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Liku Bekele Tezera
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
| | - David Lowne
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert Pengelly
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Amanda P. Woon
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Nadia Caccamo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
| | - Mariolina Salio
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Giusto Davide Badami
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
| | - Lucy Dorrell
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Knox
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Robinson
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Elkington
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Biomedical Research Centre and Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo90127, Italy
| | - Marco Lepore
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Leonard
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - Luis F. Godinho
- Immunocore Ltd., Abingdon, OxfordshireOX14 4RY, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ozeki Y, Yokoyama A, Nishiyama A, Yoshida Y, Ohara Y, Mashima T, Tomiyama C, Shaban AK, Takeishi A, Osada-Oka M, Yamaguchi T, Tateishi Y, Maeyama JI, Hakamata M, Moro H, Kikuchi T, Hayashi D, Suzuki F, Yamamoto T, Iho S, Katahira M, Yamamoto S, Matsumoto S. Recombinant mycobacterial DNA-binding protein 1 with post-translational modifications boosts IFN-gamma production from BCG-vaccinated individuals' blood cells in combination with CpG-DNA. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9141. [PMID: 38644371 PMCID: PMC11033290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58836-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a large health threat, despite the availability of the tuberculosis vaccine, BCG. As BCG efficacy gradually decreases from adolescence, BCG-Prime and antigen-booster may be an efficient strategy to confer vaccine efficacy. Mycobacterial DNA-binding protein 1 (MDP1, namely Rv2986c, hupB or HU) is a major Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein that induces vaccine-efficacy by co-administration with CpG DNA. To produce MDP1 for booster-vaccine use, we have created recombinant MDP1 produced in both Escherichia coli (eMDP1) and Mycolicibacterium smegmatis (mMDP1), an avirulent rapid-growing mycobacteria. We tested their immunogenicity by checking interferon (IFN)-gamma production by stimulated peripheral blood cells derived from BCG-vaccinated individuals. Similar to native M. tuberculosis MDP1, we observed that most lysin resides in the C-terminal half of mMDP1 are highly methylated. In contrast, eMDP1 had less post-translational modifications and IFN-gamma stimulation. mMDP1 stimulated the highest amount of IFN-gamma production among the examined native M. tuberculosis proteins including immunodominant MPT32 and Antigen 85 complex. MDP1-mediated IFN-gamma production was more strongly enhanced when combined with a new type of CpG DNA G9.1 than any other tested CpG DNAs. Taken together, these results suggest that the combination of mMDP1 and G9.1 possess high potential use for human booster vaccine against tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Ozeki
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Akira Yokoyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Akihito Nishiyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ohara
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mashima
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Chikako Tomiyama
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-746, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8518, Japan
| | - Amina K Shaban
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Atsuki Takeishi
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Mayuko Osada-Oka
- Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5, Shimogamo-Nakaragi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Bacteriology 1, National Institute of Infectious Disease, 1-23-1, Sinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tateishi
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Maeyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
- Reseach Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Mariko Hakamata
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Moro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hayashi
- Central Laboratory, Japan BCG Laboratory, 3-1-5 Matsuyama, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-0022, Japan
| | - Fumiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Toshiko Yamamoto
- Central Laboratory, Japan BCG Laboratory, 3-1-5 Matsuyama, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-0022, Japan
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-2-1 Aobacho, Higashi-Murayama, Tokyo, 189-0002, Japan
| | - Sumiko Iho
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
- Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanaka Monzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8225, Japan
| | - Masato Katahira
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Saburo Yamamoto
- Central Laboratory, Japan BCG Laboratory, 3-1-5 Matsuyama, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-0022, Japan
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-2-1 Aobacho, Higashi-Murayama, Tokyo, 189-0002, Japan
| | - Sohkichi Matsumoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
- Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C JI. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60113, Indonesia.
- Division of Research Aids, Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim HD, Choi H, Abekura F, Park J, Cho SH, Lee YC, Kim CH. Up-regulation of inflammatory reactions by MPT32, a secreted protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in RAW264.7 macrophages. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1423-1434. [PMID: 37642132 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and is still one of the global health burdens. The occurrence of various cases and multidrug resistance confirm that TB has not been completely conquered. For these reasons, the present research has been conducted to explore TB vaccine and drug candidate possibility using Mtb-secreted proteins. Among these proteins, MPT32 is known to have antigenicity and immunogenicity. There has not been a report on the host immune responses and regulation in macrophage cells. The present study was conducted with MPT32 in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells that control immune responses by sensing pathogen invasion and environmental change. We have found that MPT32 could activate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced gene expression of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. After treating cells with MPT32, the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6, was observed. In addition, activated macrophages expressed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to generate various inflammatory mediator molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO). The increase in iNOS and COX-2 levels, which are up-regulators of MMP-9 expression, was also confirmed. The biochemical events are involved in the downstream of activated MAPK signaling and translocation of NF-κ B transcription factor. The present results prove the immunomodulatory effect of MPT32 in the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. it claims the possibility of a TB vaccination and drug candidate using MPT32, contributing to the prevention of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Do Kim
- Department of Biological Science, SungKyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Choi
- Department of Biological Science, SungKyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Fukushi Abekura
- Department of Biological Science, SungKyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Park
- Department of Biological Science, SungKyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease Research, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hak Cho
- Division of Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease Research, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Choon Lee
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Science, SungKyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology (SAIHST), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dewi DNSS, Mertaniasih NM, Soedarsono, Hagino K, Yamazaki T, Ozeki Y, Artama WT, Kobayashi H, Inouchi E, Yoshida Y, Ishikawa S, Shaban AK, Tateishi Y, Nishiyama A, Ato M, Matsumoto S. Antibodies against native proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can detect pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12685. [PMID: 37542102 PMCID: PMC10403504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate point-of-care testing (POCT) is critical for managing tuberculosis (TB). However, current antibody-based diagnosis shows low specificity and sensitivity. To find proper antigen candidates for TB diagnosis by antibodies, we assessed IgGs responsiveness to Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins in pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. We employed major secreted proteins, such as Rv1860, Ag85C, PstS1, Rv2878c, Ag85B, and Rv1926c that were directly purified from M. tuberculosis. In the first screening, we found that IgG levels were significantly elevated in PTB patients only against Rv1860, PstS1, and Ag85B among tested antigens. However, recombinant PstS1 and Ag85B from Escherichia coli (E. coli) couldn't distinguish PTB patients and healthy controls (HC). Recombinant Rv1860 was not checked due to its little expression. Then, the 59 confirmed PTB patients from Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, and 102 HC were tested to Rv1860 and Ag85B only due to the low yield of the PstS1 from M. tuberculosis. The ROC analysis using native Ag85B and Rv1860 showed an acceptable area under curve for diagnosis, which is 0.812 (95% CI 0.734-0.890, p < 0.0001) and 0.821 (95% CI 0.752-0.890, p < 0.0001). This study indicates that taking consideration of native protein structure is key in developing TB's POCT by antibody-based diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitria Dewi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, CitraLand CBD Boulevard, Made, Kec. Sambikerep, Surabaya, 60219, Indonesia.
| | - Ni Made Mertaniasih
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia.
- Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Soedarsono
- Sub-Pulmonology Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Komplek Barat RSAL Dr. Ramelan, Jl. Gadung No.1, Jagir, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
| | - Kimika Hagino
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yamazaki
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yuriko Ozeki
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Wayan Tunas Artama
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna 2 Karangmalang, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
- One Health/Eco-Health Resource Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Utara, Barek, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Haruka Kobayashi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Erina Inouchi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
- Fukuyama Zoo, 276‑1, Fukuda, Ashida‑cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720‑1264, Japan
| | - Amina Kaboso Shaban
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tateishi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Akihito Nishiyama
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Manabu Ato
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Aoba-cho 4-2-1, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 189-0002, Japan
| | - Sohkichi Matsumoto
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Touray BJ, Hanafy M, Phanse Y, Hildebrand R, Talaat AM. Protective RNA nanovaccines against Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188754. [PMID: 37359562 PMCID: PMC10286238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of an effective immune response is critical for the success of mRNA-based therapeutics. Here, we developed a nanoadjuvant system compromised of Quil-A and DOTAP (dioleoyl 3 trimethylammonium propane), hence named QTAP, for the efficient delivery of mRNA vaccine constructs into cells. Electron microscopy indicated that the complexation of mRNA with QTAP forms nanoparticles with an average size of 75 nm and which have ~90% encapsulation efficiency. The incorporation of pseudouridine-modified mRNA resulted in higher transfection efficiency and protein translation with low cytotoxicity than unmodified mRNA. When QTAP-mRNA or QTAP alone transfected macrophages, pro-inflammatory pathways (e.g., NLRP3, NF-kb, and MyD88) were upregulated, an indication of macrophage activation. In C57Bl/6 mice, QTAP nanovaccines encoding Ag85B and Hsp70 transcripts (QTAP-85B+H70) were able to elicit robust IgG antibody and IFN- ɣ, TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-17 cytokines responses. Following aerosol challenge with a clinical isolate of M. avium ss. hominissuis (M.ah), a significant reduction of mycobacterial counts was observed in lungs and spleens of only immunized animals at both 4- and 8-weeks post-challenge. As expected, reduced levels of M. ah were associated with diminished histological lesions and robust cell-mediated immunity. Interestingly, polyfunctional T-cells expressing IFN- ɣ, IL-2, and TNF- α were detected at 8 but not 4 weeks post-challenge. Overall, our analysis indicated that QTAP is a highly efficient transfection agent and could improve the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines against pulmonary M. ah, an infection of significant public health importance, especially to the elderly and to those who are immune compromised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bubacarr J.B. Touray
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Mostafa Hanafy
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Rachel Hildebrand
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Adel M. Talaat
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Pan Genome Systems, Madison, WI, United States
- Vireo Vaccines International, LLC, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim SJ, Karamooz E. MR1- and HLA-E-Dependent Antigen Presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214412. [PMID: 36430890 PMCID: PMC9693577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MR1 and HLA-E are highly conserved nonclassical antigen-presenting molecules. They can present antigens derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis to a distinct subset of MR1-restricted or HLA-restricted CD8+ T cells. MR1 presents small microbial metabolites, and HLA-E presents peptides and glycopeptides. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of MR1 and HLA-E antigen presentation in the context of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elham Karamooz
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen H, Li S, Zhao W, Deng J, Yan Z, Zhang T, Wen SA, Guo H, Li L, Yuan J, Zhang H, Ma L, Zheng J, Gao M, Pang Y. A Peptidomic Approach to Identify Novel Antigen Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4617-4626. [PMID: 36003990 PMCID: PMC9394730 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s373652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Here, we conducted a peptidomic study in murine model to identify novel antigen biomarkers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) with improved performance. Methods Four recombinant proteins, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein 32 (MPT32), Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein 64 (MPT64), culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP10), and phosphate ABC transporter substrate-binding lipoprotein (PstS1) were expressed and intravenously injected into BALB/c mice. The serum were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The concentrations of candidate peptides in serum of suspected TB patients were determined using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results A total of 65 peptides from 4 MTB precursor recombinant proteins were identified in mouse serum by LC-MS/MS, of which 5 peptides were selected as candidates for serological analysis. The concentrations of peptides MPT64-2, CFP10-2 and PstS1-2 in TB patients were significantly higher than those in non-TB patients. MPT64-2 exhibited the most promising sensitivity (81.4%), followed by PstS1-2 and CFP10-2. In addition, PstS1-2 had the highest specificity (93.3%), followed by CFP10-2 and MPT64-2. According to the area under the curve (AUC), MPT64-2 (AUC = 0.863), PstS1-2 (AUC = 0.812) and CFP10-2 (AUC = 0.809) exhibited better diagnostic validity. Conclusion We develop an effective approach to identify new antigen biomarkers via LC-MS/MS-based peptidomics. Multiple peptides exhibit promising efficacy in diagnosis of active TB patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Chen
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Zhao
- Clinical Trial Agency Office, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaheng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for Tuberculosis Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuohong Yan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu' An Wen
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Guo
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Electral Safety Research & Development Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Yuan
- Electral Safety Research & Development Center, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for Tuberculosis Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqiu Gao
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Pang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sandalova T, Sala BM, Achour A. Structural aspects of chemical modifications in the MHC-restricted immunopeptidome; Implications for immune recognition. Front Chem 2022; 10:861609. [PMID: 36017166 PMCID: PMC9395651 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.861609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant advances in mass-spectroscopy (MS) have made it possible to investigate the cellular immunopeptidome, a large collection of MHC-associated epitopes presented on the surface of healthy, stressed and infected cells. These approaches have hitherto allowed the unambiguous identification of large cohorts of epitope sequences that are restricted to specific MHC class I and II molecules, enhancing our understanding of the quantities, qualities and origins of these peptide populations. Most importantly these analyses provide essential information about the immunopeptidome in responses to pathogens, autoimmunity and cancer, and will hopefully allow for future tailored individual therapies. Protein post-translational modifications (PTM) play a key role in cellular functions, and are essential for both maintaining cellular homeostasis and increasing the diversity of the proteome. A significant proportion of proteins is post-translationally modified, and thus a deeper understanding of the importance of PTM epitopes in immunopeptidomes is essential for a thorough and stringent understanding of these peptide populations. The aim of the present review is to provide a structural insight into the impact of PTM peptides on stability of MHC/peptide complexes, and how these may alter/modulate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Sandalova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benedetta Maria Sala
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Adnane Achour,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Barber C, De Souza VA, Paterson RL, Martin‐Urdiroz M, Mulakkal NC, Srikannathasan V, Connolly M, Phillips G, Foong‐Leong T, Pengelly R, Karuppiah V, Grant T, Dembek M, Verma A, Gibbs‐Howe D, Blicher TH, Knox A, Robinson RA, Cole DK, Leonard S. Structure-guided stabilization of pathogen-derived peptide-HLA-E complexes using non-natural amino acids conserves native TCR recognition. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:618-632. [PMID: 35108401 PMCID: PMC9306587 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The nonpolymorphic class Ib molecule, HLA-E, primarily presents peptides from HLA class Ia leader peptides, providing an inhibitory signal to NK cells via CD94/NKG2 interactions. Although peptides of pathogenic origin can also be presented by HLA-E to T cells, the molecular basis underpinning their role in antigen surveillance is largely unknown. Here, we solved a co-complex crystal structure of a TCR with an HLA-E presented peptide (pHLA-E) from bacterial (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) origin, and the first TCR-pHLA-E complex with a noncanonically presented peptide from viral (HIV) origin. The structures provided a molecular foundation to develop a novel method to introduce cysteine traps using non-natural amino acid chemistry that stabilized pHLA-E complexes while maintaining native interface contacts between the TCRs and different pHLA-E complexes. These pHLA-E monomers could be used to isolate pHLA-E-specific T cells, with obvious utility for studying pHLA-E restricted T cells, and for the identification of putative therapeutic TCRs.
Collapse
|
13
|
Voogd L, Ruibal P, Ottenhoff TH, Joosten SA. Antigen presentation by MHC-E: a putative target for vaccination? Trends Immunol 2022; 43:355-365. [PMID: 35370095 PMCID: PMC9058203 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The essentially monomorphic human antigen presentation molecule HLA-E is an interesting candidate target to enable vaccination irrespective of genetic diversity. Predictive HLA-E peptide-binding motifs have been refined to facilitate HLA-E peptide discovery. HLA-E can accommodate structurally divergent peptides of both self and microbial origin. Intracellular processing and presentation pathways for peptides by HLA-E for T cell receptor (TCR) recognition remain to be elucidated. Recent studies show that, unlike canonical peptides, inhibition of the transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP) is essential to allow HLA-E antigen presentation in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and possibly also of other non-canonical peptides. We propose three alternative and TAP-independent MHC-E antigen-presentation pathways, including for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. These insights may help in designing potential HLA-E targeting vaccines against tumors and pathogens.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao T, Terracciano R, Becker J, Monaco A, Yilmaz G, Becer CR. Hierarchy of Complex Glycomacromolecules: From Controlled Topologies to Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:543-575. [PMID: 34982551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates bearing a distinct complexity use a special code (Glycocode) to communicate with carbohydrate-binding proteins at a high precision to manipulate biological activities in complex biological environments. The level of complexity in carbohydrate-containing macromolecules controls the amount and specificity of information that can be stored in biomacromolecules. Therefore, a better understanding of the glycocode is crucial to open new areas of biomedical applications by controlling or manipulating the interaction between immune cells and pathogens in terms of trafficking and signaling, which would become a powerful tool to prevent infectious diseases. Even though a certain level of progress has been achieved over the past decade, synthetic glycomacromolecules are still lagging far behind naturally existing glycans in terms of complexity and precision because of insufficient and inefficient synthetic techniques. Currently, specific targeting at a cellular level using synthetic glycomacromolecules is still challenging. It is obvious that multidisciplinary collaborations are essential between different specialized disciplines to enhance the carbohydrate receptor-targeting paradigm for new biomedical applications. In this Perspective, recent developments in the synthesis of sophisticated glycomacromolecules are highlighted, and their biological and biomedical applications are also discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tieshuai Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Terracciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Becker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ruibal P, Voogd L, Joosten SA, Ottenhoff THM. The role of donor-unrestricted T-cells, innate lymphoid cells, and NK cells in anti-mycobacterial immunity. Immunol Rev 2021; 301:30-47. [PMID: 33529407 PMCID: PMC8154655 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination strategies against mycobacteria, focusing mostly on classical T‐ and B‐cells, have shown limited success, encouraging the addition of alternative targets. Classically restricted T‐cells recognize antigens presented via highly polymorphic HLA class Ia and class II molecules, while donor‐unrestricted T‐cells (DURTs), with few exceptions, recognize ligands via genetically conserved antigen presentation molecules. Consequently, DURTs can respond to the same ligands across diverse human populations. DURTs can be activated either through cognate TCR ligation or via bystander cytokine signaling. TCR‐driven antigen‐specific activation of DURTs occurs upon antigen presentation via non‐polymorphic molecules such as HLA‐E, CD1, MR1, and butyrophilin, leading to the activation of HLA‐E–restricted T‐cells, CD1‐restricted T‐cells, mucosal‐associated invariant T‐cells (MAITs), and TCRγδ T‐cells, respectively. NK cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which lack rearranged TCRs, are activated through other receptor‐triggering pathways, or can be engaged through bystander cytokines, produced, for example, by activated antigen‐specific T‐cells or phagocytes. NK cells can also develop trained immune memory and thus could represent cells of interest to mobilize by novel vaccines. In this review, we summarize the latest findings regarding the contributions of DURTs, NK cells, and ILCs in anti–M tuberculosis, M leprae, and non‐tuberculous mycobacterial immunity and explore possible ways in which they could be harnessed through vaccines and immunotherapies to improve protection against Mtb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ruibal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Voogd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simone A Joosten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Olvera A, Cedeño S, Llano A, Mothe B, Sanchez J, Arsequell G, Brander C. Does Antigen Glycosylation Impact the HIV-Specific T Cell Immunity? Front Immunol 2021; 11:573928. [PMID: 33552045 PMCID: PMC7862545 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is largely unknown how post-translational protein modifications, including glycosylation, impacts recognition of self and non-self T cell epitopes presented by HLA molecules. Data in the literature indicate that O- and N-linked glycosylation can survive epitope processing and influence antigen presentation and T cell recognition. In this perspective, we hypothesize that glycosylation of viral proteins and processed epitopes contribute to the T cell response to HIV. Although there is some evidence for T cell responses to glycosylated epitopes (glyco-epitopes) during viral infections in the literature, this aspect has been largely neglected for HIV. To explore the role of glyco-epitope specific T cell responses in HIV infection we conducted in silico and ex vivo immune studies in individuals with chronic HIV infection. We found that in silico viral protein segments with potentially glycosylable epitopes were less frequently targeted by T cells. Ex vivo synthetically added glycosylation moieties generally masked T cell recognition of HIV derived peptides. Nonetheless, in some cases, addition of simple glycosylation moieties produced neo-epitopes that were recognized by T cells from HIV infected individuals. Herein, we discuss the potential importance of these observations and compare limitations of the employed technology with new methodologies that may have the potential to provide a more accurate assessment of glyco-epitope specific T cell immunity. Overall, this perspective is aimed to support future research on T cells recognizing glycosylated epitopes in order to expand our understanding on how glycosylation of viral proteins could alter host T cell immunity against viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Olvera
- IrsiCaixa-AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | | | - Anuska Llano
- IrsiCaixa-AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- IrsiCaixa-AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain.,Fundació Lluita contra la Sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jorge Sanchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Tecnológicas, Biomédicas y Medioambientales, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | - Gemma Arsequell
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa-AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ruibal P, Franken KLMC, van Meijgaarden KE, van Loon JJF, van der Steen D, Heemskerk MHM, Ottenhoff THM, Joosten SA. Peptide Binding to HLA-E Molecules in Humans, Nonhuman Primates, and Mice Reveals Unique Binding Peptides but Remarkably Conserved Anchor Residues. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 205:2861-2872. [PMID: 33020145 PMCID: PMC7653511 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ag presentation via the nonclassical MHC class Ib molecule HLA-E, with nearly complete identity between the two alleles expressed in humans, HLA-E*01:01 and HLA-E*01:03, can lead to the activation of unconventional T cells in humans. Despite this virtual genetic monomorphism, differences in peptide repertoires binding to the two allelic variants have been reported. To further dissect and compare peptide binding to HLA-E*01:01 and HLA-E*01:03, we used an UV-mediated peptide exchange binding assay and an HPLC-based competition binding assay. In addition, we investigated binding of these same peptides to Mamu-E, the nonhuman primate homologue of human HLA-E, and to the HLA-E-like molecule Qa-1b in mice. We next exploited the differences and homologies in the peptide binding pockets of these four molecules to identify allele specific as well as common features of peptide binding motifs across species. Our results reveal differences in peptide binding preferences and intensities for each human HLA-E variant compared with Mamu-E and Qa-1b Using extended peptide libraries, we identified and refined the peptide binding motifs for each of the four molecules and found that they share main anchor positions, evidenced by conserved amino acid preferences across the four HLA-E molecules studied. In addition, we also identified differences in peptide binding motifs, which could explain the observed variations in peptide binding preferences and affinities for each of the four HLA-E-like molecules. Our results could help with guiding the selection of candidate pathogen-derived peptides with the capacity to target HLA-E-restricted T cells that could be mobilized in vaccination and immunotherapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ruibal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Kees L M C Franken
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Krista E van Meijgaarden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Joeri J F van Loon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Dirk van der Steen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H M Heemskerk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Simone A Joosten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shepherd FR, McLaren JE. T Cell Immunity to Bacterial Pathogens: Mechanisms of Immune Control and Bacterial Evasion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6144. [PMID: 32858901 PMCID: PMC7504484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human body frequently encounters harmful bacterial pathogens and employs immune defense mechanisms designed to counteract such pathogenic assault. In the adaptive immune system, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted αβ T cells, along with unconventional αβ or γδ T cells, respond to bacterial antigens to orchestrate persisting protective immune responses and generate immunological memory. Research in the past ten years accelerated our knowledge of how T cells recognize bacterial antigens and how many bacterial species have evolved mechanisms to evade host antimicrobial immune responses. Such escape mechanisms act to corrupt the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immunity, potentially tipping the balance of host immune responses toward pathological rather than protective. This review examines the latest developments in our knowledge of how T cell immunity responds to bacterial pathogens and evaluates some of the mechanisms that pathogenic bacteria use to evade such T cell immunosurveillance, to promote virulence and survival in the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - James E. McLaren
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mycobacterium smegmatis HtrA Blocks the Toxic Activity of a Putative Cell Wall Amidase. Cell Rep 2020; 27:2468-2479.e3. [PMID: 31116989 PMCID: PMC6538288 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, withstands diverse environmental stresses in the host. The periplasmic protease HtrA is required only to survive extreme conditions in most bacteria but is predicted to be essential for normal growth in mycobacteria. We confirm that HtrA is indeed essential in Mycobacterium smegmatis and interacts with another essential protein of unknown function, LppZ. However, the loss of any of three unlinked genes, including those encoding Ami3, a peptidoglycan muramidase, and Pmt, a mannosyltransferase, suppresses the essentiality of both HtrA and LppZ, indicating the functional relevance of these genes' protein products. Our data indicate that HtrA-LppZ is required to counteract the accumulation of active Ami3, which is toxic under the stabilizing influence of Pmt-based mannosylation. This suggests that HtrA-LppZ blocks the toxicity of a cell wall enzyme to maintain mycobacterial homeostasis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Innate lymphocyte populations are emerging as key effectors in tissue homeostasis, microbial defense, and inflammatory skin disease. The cells are evolutionarily ancient and carry conserved principles of function, which can be achieved through shared or unique specific mechanisms. Recent technological and treatment advances have provided insight into heterogeneity within and between individuals and species. Similar pathways can extend through to adaptive lymphocytes, which softens the margins with innate lymphocyte populations and allows investigation of nonredundant pathways of immunity and inflammation that might be amenable to therapeutic intervention. Here, we review advances in understanding of innate lymphocyte biology with a focus on skin disease and the roles of commensal and pathogen responses and tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Chen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Clare S Hardman
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Koshika Yadava
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) host defense depends on cellular immunity, including macrophages and adaptively acquired CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. More recently, roles for new immune components, including neutrophils, innate T cells, and B cells, have been defined, and the understanding of the function of macrophages and adaptively acquired T cells has been advanced. Moreover, the understanding of TB immunology elucidates TB infection and disease as a spectrum. Finally, determinates of TB host defense, such as age and comorbidities, affect clinical expression of TB disease. Herein, the authors comprehensively review TB immunology with an emphasis on new advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Lewinsohn
- Oregon Health and Science University, 3710 Southwest U.S. Veterans Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Deborah A Lewinsohn
- Oregon Health and Science University, 707 Southwest Gaines Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
La Manna MP, Orlando V, Prezzemolo T, Di Carlo P, Cascio A, Delogu G, Poli G, Sullivan LC, Brooks AG, Dieli F, Caccamo N. HLA-E-restricted CD8 + T Lymphocytes Efficiently Control Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV-1 Coinfection. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:430-439. [PMID: 31697586 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0261oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the contribution of human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2) and HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cells in patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) coinfection. HIV-1 downregulates HLA-A, -B, and -C molecules in infected cells, thus influencing recognition by HLA class I-restricted CD8+ T cells but not by HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cells, owing to the inability of the virus to downmodulate their expression. Therefore, antigen-specific HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cells could play a protective role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV-1 coinfection. HLA-E- and HLA-A2-restricted Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD8+ T cells were tested in vitro for cytotoxic and microbicidal activities, and their frequencies and phenotypes were evaluated ex vivo in patients with active tuberculosis and concomitant HIV-1 infection. HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection caused downmodulation of HLA-A2 expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages associated with resistance to lysis by HLA-A2-restricted CD8+ T cells and failure to restrict the growth of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Conversely, HLA-E surface expression and HLA-E-restricted cytolytic and microbicidal CD8 responses were not affected. HLA-E-restricted and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD8+ T cells were expanded in the circulation of patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis/HIV-1 coinfection, as measured by tetramer staining, but displayed a terminally differentiated and exhausted phenotype that was rescued in vitro by anti-PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) monoclonal antibody. Together, these results indicate that HLA-E-restricted and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD8+ T cells in patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis/HIV-1 coinfection have an exhausted phenotype and fail to expand in vitro in response to antigen stimulation, which can be restored by blocking the PD-1 pathway using the specific monoclonal antibody nivolumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pio La Manna
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, and
| | - Valentina Orlando
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, and
| | - Teresa Prezzemolo
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, and
| | - Paola Di Carlo
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G. D'Alessandro," University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G. D'Alessandro," University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delogu
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Foundation Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Institute for Scientific-based Care and Research (IRCCS) Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Poli
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milano, Italy; and
| | - Lucy C Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, and
| | - Nadia Caccamo
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, and
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Grant EJ, Nguyen AT, Lobos CA, Szeto C, Chatzileontiadou DSM, Gras S. The unconventional role of HLA-E: The road less traveled. Mol Immunol 2020; 120:101-112. [PMID: 32113130 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Histocompatibility Leukocyte Antigens, or HLAs, are one of the most polymorphic molecules in humans. This high degree of polymorphism endows HLA molecules with the ability to present a vast array of peptides, an essential trait for responding to ever-evolving pathogens. Unlike classical HLA molecules (HLA-Ia), some non-classical HLA-Ib molecules, including HLA-E, are almost monomorphic. Several studies show HLA-E can present self-peptides originating from the leader sequence of other HLA molecules, which signals to our immune system that the cell is healthy. Therefore, it was traditionally thought that the chief role of HLA-E in the body was in immune surveillance. However, there is emerging evidence that HLA-E is also able to present pathogen-derived peptides to the adaptive immune system, namely T cells, in a manner that is similar to classical HLA-Ia molecules. Here we describe the early findings of this less conventional role of HLA-E in the adaptive immune system and its importance for immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Grant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andrea T Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Christian A Lobos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher Szeto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Demetra S M Chatzileontiadou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Leong S, Zhao Y, Ribeiro-Rodrigues R, Jones-López EC, Acuña-Villaorduña C, Rodrigues PM, Palaci M, Alland D, Dietze R, Ellner JJ, Johnson WE, Salgame P. Cross-validation of existing signatures and derivation of a novel 29-gene transcriptomic signature predictive of progression to TB in a Brazilian cohort of household contacts of pulmonary TB. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2020; 120:101898. [PMID: 32090859 PMCID: PMC7066850 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2020.101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify individuals at risk of progression and reactivation among household contacts (HHC) of pulmonary TB cases in Vitoria, Brazil. We first evaluated the predictive performance of six published signatures on the transcriptional dataset obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from HHC that either progressed to TB disease or not (non-progressors) during a five-year follow-up. The area under the curve (AUC) values for the six signatures ranged from 0.670 to 0.461, and the PPVs did not reach the WHO published target product profiles (TPPs). We therefore used as training cohort the earliest time-point samples from the African cohort of adolescents (GSE79362) and applied an ensemble feature selection pipeline to derive a novel 29-gene signature (PREDICT29). PREDICT29 was tested on 16 progressors and 21 non-progressors. PREDICT29 performed better in segregating progressors from non-progressors in the Brazil cohort with the area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.911 and PPV of 20%. This proof of concept study demonstrates that PREDICT29 can predict risk of progression/reactivation to clinical TB disease in recently exposed individuals at least 5 years prior to disease development. Upon validation in larger and geographically diverse cohorts, PREDICT29 can be used to risk-stratify recently infected for targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Leong
- Centre for Emerging Pathogens, Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yue Zhao
- Division of Computational Biomedicine and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Moises Palaci
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas – UFES, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - David Alland
- Centre for Emerging Pathogens, Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jerrold J. Ellner
- Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Padmini Salgame
- Centre for Emerging Pathogens, Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading killer among all infectious diseases worldwide despite extensive use of the Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. A safer and more effective vaccine than BCG is urgently required. More than a dozen TB vaccine candidates are under active evaluation in clinical trials aimed to prevent infection, disease, and recurrence. After decades of extensive research, renewed promise of an effective vaccine against this ancient airborne disease has recently emerged. In two innovative phase 2b vaccine clinical trials, one for the prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in healthy adolescents and another for the prevention of TB disease in M. tuberculosis-infected adults, efficacy signals were observed. These breakthroughs, based on the greatly expanded knowledge of the M. tuberculosis infection spectrum, immunology of TB, and vaccine platforms, have reinvigorated the TB vaccine field. Here, we review our current understanding of natural immunity to TB, limitations in BCG immunity that are guiding vaccinologists to design novel TB vaccine candidates and concepts, and the desired attributes of a modern TB vaccine. We provide an overview of the progress of TB vaccine candidates in clinical evaluation, perspectives on the challenges faced by current vaccine concepts, and potential avenues to build on recent successes and accelerate the TB vaccine research-and-development trajectory.
Collapse
|
26
|
Banach M, Edholm ES, Gonzalez X, Benraiss A, Robert J. Impacts of the MHC class I-like XNC10 and innate-like T cells on tumor tolerance and rejection in the amphibian Xenopus. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:924-935. [PMID: 31155639 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The conditions that lead to antitumor or protumor functions of natural killer T (NKT) cells against mammalian tumors are only partially understood. Therefore, insights into the evolutionary conservation of NKT and their analogs-innate-like T (iT) cells-may reveal factors that contribute to tumor eradication. As such, we investigated the amphibian Xenopus laevis iT cells and interacting MHC class I-like (XNC or mhc1b.L) genes against ff-2 thymic lymphoid tumors. Upon ff-2 intraperitoneal transplantation into syngeneic tadpoles, two iT cell subsets iVα6 and iVα22, characterized by an invariant T-cell receptor α chain rearrangement (Vα6-Jα1.43 and Vα22-Jα1.32 respectively), were recruited to the peritoneum, concomitant with a decreased level of these transcripts in the spleen and thymus. To address the hypothesize that different iT cell subsets have distinct, possibly opposing, roles upon ff-2 tumor challenge, we determined whether ff-2 tumor growth could be manipulated by impairing Vα6 iT cells or by deleting their restricting element, the XNC gene, XNC10 (mhc1b10.1.L), on ff-2 tumors. Accordingly, the in vivo depletion of Vα6 iT cells using XNC10-tetramers enhanced tumor growth, indicating Vα6 iT cell-mediated antitumor activities. However, XNC10-deficient transgenic tadpoles that also lack Vα6 iT cells were resistant to ff-2 tumors, uncovering a potential new function of XNC10 besides Vα6 iT cell development. Furthermore, the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of XNC10 in ff-2 tumors broke the immune tolerance. Together, our findings demonstrate the relevance of XNC10/iT cell axis in controlling Xenopus tumor tolerance or rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Banach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Eva-Stina Edholm
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Xavier Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Abdellatif Benraiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Joosten SA, Ottenhoff TH, Lewinsohn DM, Hoft DF, Moody DB, Seshadri C. Harnessing donor unrestricted T-cells for new vaccines against tuberculosis. Vaccine 2019; 37:3022-3030. [PMID: 31040086 PMCID: PMC6525272 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) prevents extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and death among infants but fails to consistently and sufficiently prevent pulmonary TB in adults. Thus, TB remains the leading infectious cause of death worldwide, and new vaccine approaches are urgently needed. T-cells are important for protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but the optimal T-cell antigens to be included in new vaccines are not established. T-cells are often thought of as responding mainly to peptide antigens presented by polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules. Over the past two decades, the number of non-peptidic Mtb derived antigens for αβ and γδ T-cells has expanded rapidly, creating broader perspectives about the types of molecules that could be targeted by T-cell-based vaccines against TB. Many of these non-peptide responsive T-cell subsets in humans are activated in a manner that is unrestricted by classical MHC-dependent antigen-presenting systems, but instead require essentially nonpolymorphic presentation systems. These systems are Cluster of differentiation 1 (CD1), MHC related protein 1 (MR1), butyrophilin 3A1, as well as the nonclassical MHC class Ib family member HLA-E. Thus, the resulting T-cell responses can be shared among a genetically diverse population, creating the concept of donor-unrestricted T-cells (DURTs). Here, we review evidence that DURTs are an abundant component of the human immune system and recognize many antigens expressed by Mtb, including antigens that are expressed in BCG and other candidate whole cell vaccines. Further, DURTs exhibit functional diversity and demonstrate the ability to control microbial infection in small animal models. Finally, we outline specific knowledge gaps and research priorities that must be addressed to realize the full potential of DURTs as part of new TB vaccines approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone A. Joosten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom H.M. Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David M. Lewinsohn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, USA
| | - Daniel F. Hoft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, Doisy Research Center, 8th floor, 1100 S. Grand Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - D. Branch Moody
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Chetan Seshadri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, USA,Tuberculosis Research & Training Center, University of Washington, Seattle, USA,Corresponding author at: University of Washington Medical Center, 750 Republican Street, Room E663, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Balin SJ, Pellegrini M, Klechevsky E, Won ST, Weiss DI, Choi AW, Hakimian J, Lu J, Ochoa MT, Bloom BR, Lanier LL, Stenger S, Modlin RL. Human antimicrobial cytotoxic T lymphocytes, defined by NK receptors and antimicrobial proteins, kill intracellular bacteria. Sci Immunol 2019; 3:3/26/eaat7668. [PMID: 30171080 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat7668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) contribute to antimicrobial defense against intracellular pathogens through secretion of cytotoxic granule proteins granzyme B, perforin, and granulysin. However, CTLs are heterogeneous in the expression of these proteins, and the subset(s) responsible for antimicrobial activity is unclear. Studying human leprosy, we found that the subset of CTLs coexpressing all three cytotoxic molecules is increased in the resistant form of the disease, can be expanded by interleukin-15 (IL-15), and is differentiated from naïve CD8+ T cells by Langerhans cells. RNA sequencing analysis identified that these CTLs express a gene signature that includes an array of surface receptors typically expressed by natural killer (NK) cells. We determined that CD8+ CTLs expressing granzyme B, perforin, and granulysin, as well as the activating NK receptor NKG2C, represent a population of "antimicrobial CTLs" (amCTLs) capable of T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent and TCR-independent release of cytotoxic granule proteins that mediate antimicrobial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Balin
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eynav Klechevsky
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Sohui T Won
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David I Weiss
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Graduate Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aaron W Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joshua Hakimian
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jing Lu
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Ochoa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Barry R Bloom
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lewis L Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Robert L Modlin
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sharpe HR, Bowyer G, Brackenridge S, Lambe T. HLA-E: exploiting pathogen-host interactions for vaccine development. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 196:167-177. [PMID: 30968409 PMCID: PMC6468186 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses, when used as vectors for vaccine antigen delivery, can induce strong cellular and humoral responses against target epitopes. Recent work by Hansen et al. describes the use of a cytomegalovirus‐vectored vaccine, which is able to generate a stable effector‐memory T cell population at the sites of vaccination in rhesus macaques. This vaccine, targeted towards multiple epitopes in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), did not induce classical CD8+ T cells. However, non‐canonical CD8+ T cell induction occurred via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and MHC‐E. The MHC‐E‐restricted T cells could recognize broad epitopes across the SIV peptides, and conferred protection against viral challenge to 55% of vaccinated macaques. The human homologue, human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐E, is now being targeted as a new avenue for vaccine development. In humans, HLA‐E is an unusually oligomorphic class Ib MHC molecule, in comparison to highly polymorphic MHC class Ia. Whereas MHC class Ia presents peptides derived from pathogens to T cells, HLA‐E classically binds defined leader peptides from class Ia MHC peptides and down‐regulates NK cell cytolytic activity when presented on the cell surface. HLA‐E can also restrict non‐canonical CD8+ T cells during natural infection with various pathogens, although the extent to which they are involved in pathogen control is mostly unknown. In this review, an overview is provided of HLA‐E and its ability to interact with NK cells and non‐canonical T cells. Also discussed are the unforeseen beneficial effects of vaccination, including trained immunity of NK cells from bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination, and the broad restriction of non‐canonical CD8+ T cells by cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐vectored vaccines in pre‐clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Sharpe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - G Bowyer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Brackenridge
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - T Lambe
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mycobacteria and their sweet proteins: An overview of protein glycosylation and lipoglycosylation in M. tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2019; 115:1-13. [PMID: 30948163 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications represent a key aspect of enzyme and protein regulation and function. Post-translational modifications are involved in signaling and response to stress, adaptation to changing environments, regulation of toxic and damaged proteins, proteins localization and host-pathogen interactions. Glycosylation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a post-translational modification often found in conjunction with acylation in mycobacterial proteins. Since the discovery of glycosylated proteins in the early 1980's, important advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of protein glycosylation have been made. The number of known glycosylated substrates in Mtb has grown through the years, yet many questions remain. This review will explore the current knowledge on protein glycosylation in Mtb, causative agent of Tuberculosis and number one infectious killer in the world. The mechanism and significance of this post-translational modification, as well as maturation, export and acylation of glycosylated proteins will be reviewed. We expect to provide the reader with an overall view of protein glycosylation in Mtb, as well as the significance of this post-translational modification to the physiology and host-pathogen interactions of this important pathogen. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD011081 and 10.6019/PXD011081.
Collapse
|
31
|
Jiang J, Natarajan K, Margulies DH. MHC Molecules, T cell Receptors, Natural Killer Cell Receptors, and Viral Immunoevasins-Key Elements of Adaptive and Innate Immunity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1172:21-62. [PMID: 31628650 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9367-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecules encoded by the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) bind self or foreign peptides and display these at the cell surface for recognition by receptors on T lymphocytes (designated T cell receptors-TCR) or on natural killer (NK) cells. These ligand/receptor interactions govern T cell and NK cell development as well as activation of T memory and effector cells. Such cells participate in immunological processes that regulate immunity to various pathogens, resistance and susceptibility to cancer, and autoimmunity. The past few decades have witnessed the accumulation of a huge knowledge base of the molecular structures of MHC molecules bound to numerous peptides, of TCRs with specificity for many different peptide/MHC (pMHC) complexes, of NK cell receptors (NKR), of MHC-like viral immunoevasins, and of pMHC/TCR and pMHC/NKR complexes. This chapter reviews the structural principles that govern peptide/MHC (pMHC), pMHC/TCR, and pMHC/NKR interactions, for both MHC class I (MHC-I) and MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules. In addition, we discuss the structures of several representative MHC-like molecules. These include host molecules that have distinct biological functions, as well as virus-encoded molecules that contribute to the evasion of the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Jiang
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Room 11D07, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1892, USA.
| | - Kannan Natarajan
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Room 11D07, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1892, USA
| | - David H Margulies
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Room 11D12, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Decout A, Silva-Gomes S, Drocourt D, Blattes E, Rivière M, Prandi J, Larrouy-Maumus G, Caminade AM, Hamasur B, Källenius G, Kaur D, Dobos KM, Lucas M, Sutcliffe IC, Besra GS, Appelmelk BJ, Gilleron M, Jackson M, Vercellone A, Tiraby G, Nigou J. Deciphering the molecular basis of mycobacteria and lipoglycan recognition by the C-type lectin Dectin-2. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16840. [PMID: 30443026 PMCID: PMC6237770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dectin-2 is a C-type lectin involved in the recognition of several pathogens such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Schistosoma mansonii, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis that triggers Th17 immune responses. Identifying pathogen ligands and understanding the molecular basis of their recognition is one of the current challenges. Purified M. tuberculosis mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) was shown to induce signaling via Dectin-2, an activity that requires the (α1 → 2)-linked mannosides forming the caps. Here, using isogenic M. tuberculosis mutant strains, we demonstrate that ManLAM is a bona fide and actually the sole ligand mediating bacilli recognition by Dectin-2, although M. tuberculosis produces a variety of cell envelope mannoconjugates, such as phosphatidyl-myo-inositol hexamannosides, lipomannan or manno(lipo)proteins, that bear (α1 → 2)-linked mannosides. In addition, we found that Dectin-2 can recognize lipoglycans from other bacterial species, such as Saccharotrix aerocolonigenes or the human opportunistic pathogen Tsukamurella paurometabola, suggesting that lipoglycans are prototypical Dectin-2 ligands. Finally, from a structure/function relationship perspective, we show, using lipoglycan variants and synthetic mannodendrimers, that dimannoside caps and multivalent interaction are required for ligand binding to and signaling via Dectin-2. Better understanding of the molecular basis of ligand recognition by Dectin-2 will pave the way for the rational design of potent adjuvants targeting this receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexiane Decout
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France.,InvivoGen, Research Department, 31400, Toulouse, France.,Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandro Silva-Gomes
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France.,GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Stevenage Herts, SG1 2NY, UK
| | | | - Emilyne Blattes
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France.,Innovative Medecine for Tuberculosis (iM4TB), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Rivière
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacques Prandi
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Gérald Larrouy-Maumus
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France.,Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Beston Hamasur
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Biopromic AB, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Källenius
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Solna 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Devinder Kaur
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1682, USA.,Massachusetts Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Jamaica Plain, MA, 0213, USA
| | - Karen M Dobos
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1682, USA
| | - Megan Lucas
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1682, USA
| | - Iain C Sutcliffe
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Gurdyal S Besra
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ben J Appelmelk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Gilleron
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Mary Jackson
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1682, USA
| | - Alain Vercellone
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Gérard Tiraby
- InvivoGen, Research Department, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Méndez-Samperio P. Development of tuberculosis vaccines in clinical trials: Current status. Scand J Immunol 2018; 88:e12710. [PMID: 30175850 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an important infectious disease worldwide. Currently, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only TB vaccine licensed for human use. This TB vaccine is effective in protecting children against severe military TB but offers variable protective efficacy in adults. Therefore, new vaccines against TB are needed to overcome this serious disease. At present, around 14 TB vaccine candidates are in different phases of clinical trials. These TB vaccines in clinical evaluation can be classified into two groups including preventive pre- and post-exposure vaccines: subunit vaccines (attenuated viral vectors or adjuvanted fusion proteins), and whole-cell vaccines (genetically attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), recombinant BCG, killed M. tb or M. vaccae). Although, over the last two decades a great progress in the search for a more effective TB vaccine has been demonstrated there is still no replacement for the licensed BCG vaccine. This article summarizes the current status of TB vaccine development and identifies crucial gaps of research for the development of an effective TB vaccine in all age groups.
Collapse
|
34
|
Walters LC, Harlos K, Brackenridge S, Rozbesky D, Barrett JR, Jain V, Walter TS, O'Callaghan CA, Borrow P, Toebes M, Hansen SG, Sacha JB, Abdulhaqq S, Greene JM, Früh K, Marshall E, Picker LJ, Jones EY, McMichael AJ, Gillespie GM. Pathogen-derived HLA-E bound epitopes reveal broad primary anchor pocket tolerability and conformationally malleable peptide binding. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3137. [PMID: 30087334 PMCID: PMC6081459 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Through major histocompatibility complex class Ia leader sequence-derived (VL9) peptide binding and CD94/NKG2 receptor engagement, human leucocyte antigen E (HLA-E) reports cellular health to NK cells. Previous studies demonstrated a strong bias for VL9 binding by HLA-E, a preference subsequently supported by structural analyses. However, Mycobacteria tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and Rhesus cytomegalovirus-vectored SIV vaccinations revealed contexts where HLA-E and the rhesus homologue, Mamu-E, presented diverse pathogen-derived peptides to CD8+ T cells, respectively. Here we present crystal structures of HLA-E in complex with HIV and Mtb-derived peptides. We show that despite the presence of preferred primary anchor residues, HLA-E-bound peptides can adopt alternative conformations within the peptide binding groove. Furthermore, combined structural and mutagenesis analyses illustrate a greater tolerance for hydrophobic and polar residues in the primary pockets than previously appreciated. Finally, biochemical studies reveal HLA-E peptide binding and exchange characteristics with potential relevance to its alternative antigen presenting function in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy C Walters
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Karl Harlos
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Simon Brackenridge
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Daniel Rozbesky
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Jordan R Barrett
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Vitul Jain
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Thomas S Walter
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Chris A O'Callaghan
- Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Persephone Borrow
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Mireille Toebes
- Department Molecular Oncology and Immunology, B6 Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Shaheed Abdulhaqq
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Justin M Greene
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Emily Marshall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - E Yvonne Jones
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrew J McMichael
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
| | - Geraldine M Gillespie
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Voss G, Casimiro D, Neyrolles O, Williams A, Kaufmann SH, McShane H, Hatherill M, Fletcher HA. Progress and challenges in TB vaccine development. F1000Res 2018; 7:199. [PMID: 29568497 PMCID: PMC5850090 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13588.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine can provide decades of protection against tuberculosis (TB) disease, and although imperfect, BCG is proof that vaccine mediated protection against TB is a possibility. A new TB vaccine is, therefore, an inevitability; the question is how long will it take us to get there? We have made substantial progress in the development of vaccine platforms, in the identification of antigens and of immune correlates of risk of TB disease. We have also standardized animal models to enable head-to-head comparison and selection of candidate TB vaccines for further development. To extend our understanding of the safety and immunogenicity of TB vaccines we have performed experimental medicine studies to explore route of administration and have begun to develop controlled human infection models. Driven by a desire to reduce the length and cost of human efficacy trials we have applied novel approaches to later stage clinical development, exploring alternative clinical endpoints to prevention of disease outcomes. Here, global leaders in TB vaccine development discuss the progress made and the challenges that remain. What emerges is that, despite scientific progress, few vaccine candidates have entered clinical trials in the last 5 years and few vaccines in clinical trials have progressed to efficacy trials. Crucially, we have undervalued the knowledge gained from our "failed" trials and fostered a culture of risk aversion that has limited new funding for clinical TB vaccine development. The unintended consequence of this abundance of caution is lack of diversity of new TB vaccine candidates and stagnation of the clinical pipeline. We have a variety of new vaccine platform technologies, mycobacterial antigens and animal and human models. However, we will not encourage progression of vaccine candidates into clinical trials unless we evaluate and embrace risk in pursuit of vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Voss
- Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (TBVI), Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Danilo Casimiro
- Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, 18370, USA
| | - Olivier Neyrolles
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ann Williams
- Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK
| | | | - Helen McShane
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Helen A Fletcher
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Immunology & Infection, TB Centre, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|