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Murata K, Murao A, Tan C, Wang P, Aziz M. B-1a cells scavenge NETs to attenuate sepsis. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:632-643. [PMID: 38484156 PMCID: PMC11367732 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
B-1a cells, a regulatory subset of B lymphocytes, produce natural IgM and interleukin-10. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a crucial role in pathogen defense, but their excessive formation during sepsis can cause further inflammation and tissue damage. In sepsis, extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), a damage-associated molecular pattern, is released to induce NET formation. We hypothesize that B-1a cells clear NETs to prevent sepsis-induced injury. Sepsis in mice was induced by injecting 1 × 107 and 5 × 107 colony-forming units of Escherichia coli intraperitoneally. After 4 and 20 h, we assessed the number of B-1a cells in the peritoneal cavity using flow cytometry. Our results showed that the number of peritoneal B-1a cells was significantly decreased in E. coli sepsis mice. Importantly, replenishing B-1a cells via intraperitoneal injection in sepsis mice significantly decreased NETs in peritoneal neutrophils. We also observed a decrease in serum inflammation and injury markers and a significant increase in the overall survival rate in B-1a cell-treated septic mice. To understand the mechanism, we cocultured bone marrow-derived neutrophils with peritoneal B-1a cells in a contact or noncontact condition using an insert and stimulated them with eCIRP. After 4 h, we found that eCIRP significantly increased NET formation in bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Interestingly, we observed that B-1a cells inhibited NETs by 67% in a contact-dependent manner. Surprisingly, when B-1a cells were cultured in inserts, there was no significant decrease in NET formation, suggesting that direct cell-to-cell contact is crucial for this inhibitory effect. We further determined that B-1a cells promoted NET phagocytosis, and this was mediated through natural IgM, as blocking the IgM receptor attenuated the engulfment of NETs by B-1a cells. Finally, we identified that following their engulfment, NETs were localized into the lysosomal compartment for lysis. Thus, our study suggests that B-1a cells decrease NET content in eCIRP-treated neutrophils and E. coli sepsis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Murata
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Chuyi Tan
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
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Guo Q, Li H, Zeng C, Lü Z, Jiang M. Associations of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein with bacterial load, proinflammatory cytokines and mortality from pneumonia. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13850. [PMID: 38807464 PMCID: PMC11134167 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern that plays a critical role in triggering inflammatory responses. It remains unknown whether CIRP is strongly associated with bacterial load, inflammatory response, and mortality in sepsis model. Pneumonia was induced in specific pathogen-free 8-9-week old male rats by injecting bacteria via puncture of the tracheal cartilage. The expressions of CIRP and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β] in lung tissues, alveolar macrophages (AMs), plasma, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The numbers of bacteria recovered from the lungs were correlated with the bacterial loads injected and mortality. The expressions of CIRP increased sharply as the bacterial loads increased in the lung tissues and AMs. The amounts of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β proteins synthesized were dependent on the bacterial load in the lung tissues. Releases of CIRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β increased with the bacterial load in the blood plasma. The proteins confirmed similar patterns in the BALF. CIRP was strongly associated with the releases of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the lung tissues, blood plasma, and BALF, and showed a close correlation with mortality. CIRP demonstrated a strong association with bacterial load, which is new evidence, and close correlations with proinflammatory cytokines and mortality of pneumonia in rats, suggesting that it might be an interesting pneumonic biomarker for monitoring host response and predicting mortality, and a promising target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen HospitalPeking UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Hai‐yan Li
- Department of General MedicineThe Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen HospitalPeking UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Zhong‐dong Lü
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen HospitalPeking UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Mei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Hernández González LL, Pérez-Campos Mayoral L, Hernández-Huerta MT, Mayoral Andrade G, Martínez Cruz M, Ramos-Martínez E, Pérez-Campos Mayoral E, Cruz Hernández V, Antonio García I, Matias-Cervantes CA, Avendaño Villegas ME, Lastre Domínguez CM, Romero Díaz C, Ruiz-Rosado JDD, Pérez-Campos E. Targeting Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: Exploring Promising Pharmacological Strategies for the Treatment of Preeclampsia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:605. [PMID: 38794175 PMCID: PMC11123764 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, which constitute the most abundant leukocytes in human blood, emerge as crucial players in the induction of endothelial cell death and the modulation of endothelial cell responses under both physiological and pathological conditions. The hallmark of preeclampsia is endothelial dysfunction induced by systemic inflammation, in which neutrophils, particularly through the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), play a pivotal role in the development and perpetuation of endothelial dysfunction and the hypertensive state. Considering the potential of numerous pharmaceutical agents to attenuate NET formation (NETosis) in preeclampsia, a comprehensive assessment of the extensively studied candidates becomes imperative. This review aims to identify mechanisms associated with the induction and negative regulation of NETs in the context of preeclampsia. We discuss potential drugs to modulate NETosis, such as NF-κβ inhibitors, vitamin D, and aspirin, and their association with mutagenicity and genotoxicity. Strong evidence supports the notion that molecules involved in the activation of NETs could serve as promising targets for the treatment of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Lorena Hernández González
- National Technology of Mexico/IT Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68030, Mexico; (L.L.H.G.); (M.M.C.); (C.M.L.D.); (C.R.D.)
- Faculty of Biological Systems and Technological Innovation, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68125, Mexico
| | - Laura Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine UNAM-UABJO, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (L.P.-C.M.); (G.M.A.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Huerta
- CONAHCyT, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (M.T.H.-H.); (C.A.M.-C.)
| | - Gabriel Mayoral Andrade
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine UNAM-UABJO, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (L.P.-C.M.); (G.M.A.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - Margarito Martínez Cruz
- National Technology of Mexico/IT Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68030, Mexico; (L.L.H.G.); (M.M.C.); (C.M.L.D.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Edgar Ramos-Martínez
- School of Sciences, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico;
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine UNAM-UABJO, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (L.P.-C.M.); (G.M.A.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | | | | | - Carlos Alberto Matias-Cervantes
- CONAHCyT, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (M.T.H.-H.); (C.A.M.-C.)
| | - Miriam Emily Avendaño Villegas
- National Technology of Mexico/IT Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68030, Mexico; (L.L.H.G.); (M.M.C.); (C.M.L.D.); (C.R.D.)
| | | | - Carlos Romero Díaz
- National Technology of Mexico/IT Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68030, Mexico; (L.L.H.G.); (M.M.C.); (C.M.L.D.); (C.R.D.)
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine UNAM-UABJO, Autonomous University “Benito Juárez” of Oaxaca (UABJO), Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (L.P.-C.M.); (G.M.A.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - Juan de Dios Ruiz-Rosado
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Research Center, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos
- National Technology of Mexico/IT Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68030, Mexico; (L.L.H.G.); (M.M.C.); (C.M.L.D.); (C.R.D.)
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, “Eduardo Pérez Ortega”, Oaxaca 68000, Mexico
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Hu Z, Li J, Zhang F, Jacob A, Wang P. A NOVEL OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MRNA MIMIC ATTENUATES HEMORRHAGE-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY. Shock 2024; 61:630-637. [PMID: 38300836 PMCID: PMC11009070 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is accompanied by a pronounced activation of the inflammatory response in which acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the most frequent consequences. Among the pivotal orchestrators of this inflammatory cascade, extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) emerges as a noteworthy focal point, rendering it as a promising target for the management of inflammation and tissue injury. Recently, we have reported that oligonucleotide poly(A) mRNA mimic termed A 12 selectively binds to the RNA binding region of eCIRP and inhibits eCIRP binding to its receptor TLR4. Furthermore, in vivo administration of eCIRP induces lung injury in healthy mice and that mouse deficient in CIRP showed protection from inflammation-associated lung injury. We hypothesize that A 12 inhibits systemic inflammation and ALI in HS. To test the impacts of A 12 on systemic and lung inflammation, extent of inflammatory cellular infiltration and resultant lung damage were evaluated in a mouse model of HS. Male mice were subjected to controlled hemorrhage with a mean arterial pressure of 30 mm Hg for 90 min and then resuscitated with Ringer's lactate solution containing phosphate-buffered saline (vehicle) or A 12 at a dose of 4 nmol/g body weight (treatment). The infusion volume was twice that of the shed blood. At 4 h after resuscitation, mice were euthanized, and blood and lung tissues were harvested. Blood and tissue markers of inflammation and injury were evaluated. Serum markers of injury (lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and blood urea nitrogen) and inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6) were increased after HS and A 12 treatment significantly decreased their levels. A 12 treatment also decreased lung levels of TNF-α, MIP-2, and KC mRNA expressions. Lung histological injury score, neutrophil infiltration (Ly6G staining and myeloperoxidase activity), and lung apoptosis were significantly attenuated after A 12 treatment. Our study suggests that the capacity of A 12 in attenuating HS-induced ALI and may provide novel perspectives in developing efficacious pharmaceutics for improving hemorrhage prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Hu
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States
| | - Jingsong Li
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States
| | - Fangming Zhang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States
| | - Asha Jacob
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, United States
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Yoon T, Ha JW, Pyo JY, Song JJ, Park YB, Ahn SS, Lee SW. Circulating cold-inducible RNA-binding protein levels in microscopic polyangiitis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis : Correlation with disease activity. Z Rheumatol 2024; 83:230-235. [PMID: 36732449 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-023-01320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether circulating cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) could be a biomarker to reflect the current activity, function, and damage status in patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). METHODS This study selected 39 MPA and 26 GPA patients. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV)-specific indices include the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Index (BVAS), five-factor score (FFS), the Korean version of the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS), and the vasculitis damage index (VDI). The highest tertile of BVAS was defined as high activity of AAV. RESULTS The median age of the study subjects was 65.0 years and 53.8% were women. The median BVAS, FFS, SF-36 PCS, MCS, and VDI scores were 12.0, 2.0, 47.5, 50.3, and 3.0, respectively. The median circulating CIRP level was 6.4 ng/mL. Among the four AAV-specific indices, circulating CIRP was significantly correlated with BVAS (r = 0.256). Using the receiver operator characteristic curve, the cut-off of circulating CIRP for high activity of AAV was 6.16 ng/mL. High activity of AAV was identified more frequently in patients with circulating CIRP ≥ 6.16 ng/mL than in those with circulating CIRP < 6.16 ng/mL (48.6% vs. 21.4%). In addition, patients with circulating CIRP ≥ 6.16 ng/mL exhibited a significantly higher risk for high activity of AAV than those with circulating CIRP < 6.16 ng/mL (relative risk 3.474). CONCLUSION This study suggests the clinical potential of circulating CIRP as a biomarker for reflecting the current BVAS and predicting high activity of AAV in patients with MPA and GPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejun Yoon
- Department of Medical Science, BK21 Plus Project, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Jang Woo Ha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363 Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, 16995, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Jung Yoon Pyo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Jason Jungsik Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Sung Soo Ahn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363 Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, 16995, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Korea (Republic of).
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722, Seoul, Korea (Republic of).
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of).
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Zhou X, Jin J, Lv T, Song Y. A Narrative Review: The Role of NETs in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/Acute Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1464. [PMID: 38338744 PMCID: PMC10855305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) still has a high mortality rate, and the alleviation and treatment of ARDS remains a major research focus. There are various causes of ARDS, among which pneumonia and non-pulmonary sepsis are the most common. Trauma and blood transfusion can also cause ARDS. In ARDS, the aggregation and infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs have a great influence on the development of the disease. Neutrophils regulate inflammatory responses through various pathways, and the release of neutrophils through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is considered to be one of the most important mechanisms. NETs are mainly composed of DNA, histones, and granuloproteins, all of which can mediate downstream signaling pathways that can activate inflammatory responses, generate immune clots, and cause damage to surrounding tissues. At the same time, the components of NETs can also promote the formation and release of NETs, thus forming a vicious cycle that continuously aggravates the progression of the disease. NETs are also associated with cytokine storms and immune balance. Since DNA is the main component of NETs, DNase I is considered a viable drug for removing NETs. Other therapeutic methods to inhibit the formation of NETs are also worthy of further exploration. This review discusses the formation and mechanism of NETs in ARDS. Understanding the association between NETs and ARDS may help to develop new perspectives on the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
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Corre M, Boehm V, Besic V, Kurowska A, Viry A, Mohammad A, Sénamaud-Beaufort C, Thomas-Chollier M, Lebreton A. Alternative splicing induced by bacterial pore-forming toxins sharpens CIRBP-mediated cell response to Listeria infection. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:12459-12475. [PMID: 37941135 PMCID: PMC10711537 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell autonomous responses to intracellular bacteria largely depend on reorganization of gene expression. To gain isoform-level resolution of these modes of regulation, we combined long- and short-read transcriptomic analyses of the response of intestinal epithelial cells to infection by the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Among the most striking isoform-based types of regulation, expression of the cellular stress response regulator CIRBP (cold-inducible RNA-binding protein) and of several SRSFs (serine/arginine-rich splicing factors) switched from canonical transcripts to nonsense-mediated decay-sensitive isoforms by inclusion of 'poison exons'. We showed that damage to host cell membranes caused by bacterial pore-forming toxins (listeriolysin O, perfringolysin, streptolysin or aerolysin) led to the dephosphorylation of SRSFs via the inhibition of the kinase activity of CLK1, thereby driving CIRBP alternative splicing. CIRBP isoform usage was found to have consequences on infection, since selective repression of canonical CIRBP reduced intracellular bacterial load while that of the poison exon-containing isoform exacerbated it. Consistently, CIRBP-bound mRNAs were shifted towards stress-relevant transcripts in infected cells, with increased mRNA levels or reduced translation efficiency for some targets. Our results thus generalize the alternative splicing of CIRBP and SRSFs as a common response to biotic or abiotic stresses by extending its relevance to the context of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Corre
- Group Bacterial infection, response & dynamics, Institut de biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Volker Boehm
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Vinko Besic
- Group Bacterial infection, response & dynamics, Institut de biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anna Kurowska
- Group Bacterial infection, response & dynamics, Institut de biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anouk Viry
- Group Bacterial infection, response & dynamics, Institut de biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ammara Mohammad
- GenomiqueENS, Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sénamaud-Beaufort
- GenomiqueENS, Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Morgane Thomas-Chollier
- Group Bacterial infection, response & dynamics, Institut de biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- GenomiqueENS, Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alice Lebreton
- Group Bacterial infection, response & dynamics, Institut de biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- INRAE, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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8
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Li W, Li X, Gao Y, Xiong C, Tang Z. Emerging roles of RNA binding proteins in intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoarthritis. Orthop Surg 2023; 15:3015-3025. [PMID: 37803912 PMCID: PMC10694020 DOI: 10.1111/os.13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and osteoarthritis (OA) is complex and multifactorial. Both predisposing genes and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of IDD and OA. Moreover, epigenetic modifications affect the development of IDD and OA. Dysregulated phenotypes of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and OA chondrocytes, including apoptosis, extracellular matrix disruption, inflammation, and angiogenesis, are involved at all developmental stages of IDD and OA. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have recently been recognized as essential post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. RBPs are implicated in many cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Recently, several RBPs have been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of IDD and OA. This review briefly summarizes the current knowledge on the RNA-regulatory networks controlled by RBPs and their potential roles in the pathogenesis of IDD and OA. These initial findings support the idea that specific modulation of RBPs represents a promising approach for managing IDD and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of EmergencyGeneral Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLAWuhanChina
| | - Xing‐Hua Li
- Department of EmergencyGeneral Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLAWuhanChina
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of OrthopaedicGeneral Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLAWuhanChina
| | - Cheng‐Jie Xiong
- Department of OrthopaedicGeneral Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLAWuhanChina
| | - Zhong‐Zhi Tang
- Department of EmergencyGeneral Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLAWuhanChina
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Murao A, Jha A, Ma G, Chaung W, Aziz M, Wang P. A Synthetic Poly(A) Tail Targeting Extracellular CIRP Inhibits Sepsis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1144-1153. [PMID: 37585248 PMCID: PMC10528014 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is an infectious inflammatory disease that often results in acute lung injury (ALI). Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is an intracellular RNA chaperon that binds to mRNA's poly(A) tail. However, CIRP can be released in sepsis, and extracellular CIRP (eCIRP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern, exaggerating inflammation, ALI, and mortality. In this study, we developed an engineered poly(A) mRNA mimic, AAAAAAAAAAAA, named A12, with 2'-O-methyl ribose modification and terminal phosphorothioate linkages to protect it from RNase degradation, exhibiting an increased half-life. A12 selectively and strongly interacted with the RNA-binding motif of eCIRP, thereby preventing eCIRP's binding to its receptor, TLR4. In vitro treatment with A12 significantly decreased eCIRP-induced macrophage MAPK and NF-κB activation and inflammatory transcription factor upregulation. A12 also attenuated proinflammatory cytokine production induced by eCIRP in vitro and in vivo in macrophages and mice, respectively. We revealed that treating cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis with A12 significantly reduced serum organ injury markers and cytokine levels and ALI, and it decreased bacterial loads in the blood and peritoneal fluid, ultimately improving their survival. Thus, A12's ability to attenuate the clinical models of sepsis sheds lights on inflammatory disease pathophysiology and prevention of the disease progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Alok Jha
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Gaifeng Ma
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Wayne Chaung
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York
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10
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Horner E, Lord JM, Hazeldine J. The immune suppressive properties of damage associated molecular patterns in the setting of sterile traumatic injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1239683. [PMID: 37662933 PMCID: PMC10469493 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Associated with the development of hospital-acquired infections, major traumatic injury results in an immediate and persistent state of systemic immunosuppression, yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Detected in the circulation in the minutes, days and weeks following injury, damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are a heterogeneous collection of proteins, lipids and DNA renowned for initiating the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Suggesting additional immunomodulatory roles in the post-trauma immune response, data are emerging implicating DAMPs as potential mediators of post-trauma immune suppression. Discussing the results of in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies, the purpose of this review is to summarise the emerging immune tolerising properties of cytosolic, nuclear and mitochondrial-derived DAMPs. Direct inhibition of neutrophil antimicrobial activities, the induction of endotoxin tolerance in monocytes and macrophages, and the recruitment, activation and expansion of myeloid derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells are examples of some of the immune suppressive properties assigned to DAMPs so far. Crucially, with studies identifying the molecular mechanisms by which DAMPs promote immune suppression, therapeutic strategies that prevent and/or reverse DAMP-induced immunosuppression have been proposed. Approaches currently under consideration include the use of synthetic polymers, or the delivery of plasma proteins, to scavenge circulating DAMPs, or to treat critically-injured patients with antagonists of DAMP receptors. However, as DAMPs share signalling pathways with pathogen associated molecular patterns, and pro-inflammatory responses are essential for tissue regeneration, these approaches need to be carefully considered in order to ensure that modulating DAMP levels and/or their interaction with immune cells does not negatively impact upon anti-microbial defence and the physiological responses of tissue repair and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Horner
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M. Lord
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Hazeldine
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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11
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Byun DJ, Lee J, Yu JW, Hyun YM. NLRP3 Exacerbate NETosis-Associated Neuroinflammation in an LPS-Induced Inflamed Brain. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e27. [PMID: 37416934 PMCID: PMC10320420 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) exert a novel function of trapping pathogens. Released NETs can accumulate in inflamed tissues, be recognized by other immune cells for clearance, and lead to tissue toxicity. Therefore, the deleterious effect of NET is an etiological factor, causing several diseases directly or indirectly. NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) in neutrophils is pivotal in signaling the innate immune response and is associated with several NET-related diseases. Despite these observations, the role of NLRP3 in NET formation in neuroinflammation remains elusive. Therefore, we aimed to explore NET formation promoted by NLRP3 in an LPS-induced inflamed brain. Wild-type and NLRP3 knockout mice were used to investigate the role of NLRP3 in NET formation. Brain inflammation was systemically induced by administering LPS. In such an environment, the NET formation was evaluated based on the expression of its characteristic indicators. DNA leakage and NET formation were analyzed in both mice through Western blot, flow cytometry, and in vitro live cell imaging as well as two-photon imaging. Our data revealed that NLRP3 promotes DNA leakage and facilitates NET formation accompanied by neutrophil death. Moreover, NLRP3 is not involved in neutrophil infiltration but is predisposed to boost NET formation, which is accompanied by neutrophil death in the LPS-induced inflamed brain. Furthermore, either NLRP3 deficiency or neutrophil depletion diminished pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β, and alleviated blood-brain barrier damage. Overall, the results suggest that NLRP3 exacerbates NETosis in vitro and in the inflamed brain, aggravating neuroinflammation. These findings provide a clue that NLRP3 would be a potential therapeutic target to alleviate neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Jeong Byun
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jaeho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Je-Wook Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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12
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He W, Xi Q, Cui H, Zhang P, Huang R, Wang T, Wang D. Liang-Ge Decoction Ameliorates Coagulation Dysfunction in Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Sepsis Model Rats through Inhibiting PAD4-Dependent Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:5042953. [PMID: 37159591 PMCID: PMC10163969 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5042953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Liang-Ge (LG) decoction could ameliorate coagulation dysfunction in septic model rats. However, the mechanism of LG in treating sepsis still needs to be clarified. Our current study established a septic rat model to evaluate the effect of LG on coagulation dysfunction in septic rats first. Second, we investigated the effect of LG on NET formation in septic rats. Finally, NETs and PAD4 inhibitors were further used to clarify if LG could improve the mechanism of sepsis coagulation dysfunction by inhibiting NET formation. Our findings indicated that treatment with LG improved the survival rate, reduced inflammatory factor levels, enhanced hepatic and renal function, and reduced pathological changes in rats with sepsis. LG could also alleviate coagulation dysfunction in septic model rats. Besides, LG treatment reduced NETs formation and decreased PAD4 expression in neutrophiles. In addition, LG treatment showed a similar result in comparison to the treatment with either NET inhibitors or PAD4 inhibitors alone. In conclusion, this study confirmed that LG has therapeutic effects on septic rats. Furthermore, the improvement of coagulation dysfunction in septic rats by LG was achieved through inhibiting PAD4-mediated NET formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenju He
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, First Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Xi
- Department of Practice and Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huantian Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, First Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Taihuan Wang
- Department of Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongqiang Wang
- Department of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, First Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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13
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Han J, Zhang Y, Ge P, Dakal TC, Wen H, Tang S, Luo Y, Yang Q, Hua B, Zhang G, Chen H, Xu C. Exosome-derived CIRP: An amplifier of inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1066721. [PMID: 36865547 PMCID: PMC9971932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1066721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is an intracellular stress-response protein and a type of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that responds to various stress stimulus by altering its expression and mRNA stability. Upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light or low temperature, CIRP get translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through methylation modification and stored in stress granules (SG). During exosome biogenesis, which involves formation of endosomes from the cell membrane through endocytosis, CIRP also gets packaged within the endosomes along with DNA, and RNA and other proteins. Subsequently, intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are formed following the inward budding of the endosomal membrane, turning the endosomes into multi-vesicle bodies (MVBs). Finally, the MVBs fuse with the cell membrane to form exosomes. As a result, CIRP can also be secreted out of cells through the lysosomal pathway as Extracellular CIRP (eCIRP). Extracellular CIRP (eCIRP) is implicated in various conditions, including sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion damage, lung injury, and neuroinflammation, through the release of exosomes. In addition, CIRP interacts with TLR4, TREM-1, and IL-6R, and therefore are involved in triggering immune and inflammatory responses. Accordingly, eCIRP has been studied as potential novel targets for disease therapy. C23 and M3, polypeptides that oppose eCIRP binding to its receptors, are beneficial in numerous inflammatory illnesses. Some natural molecules such as Luteolin and Emodin can also antagonize CIRP, which play roles similar to C23 in inflammatory responses and inhibit macrophage-mediated inflammation. This review aims to provide a better understanding on CIRP translocation and secretion from the nucleus to the extracellular space and the mechanisms and inhibitory roles of eCIRP in diverse inflammatory illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrun Han
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Haiyun Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuangfeng Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yalan Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bianca Hua
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA, United States
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Caiming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA, United States
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14
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Zhou X, Jin S, Pan J, Lin Q, Yang S, Ambe PC, Basharat Z, Zimmer V, Wang W, Hong W. Damage associated molecular patterns and neutrophil extracellular traps in acute pancreatitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:927193. [PMID: 36034701 PMCID: PMC9411527 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.927193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous researches have emphasized a trypsin-centered theory of acute pancreatitis (AP) for more than a century. With additional studies into the pathogenesis of AP, new mechanisms have been explored. Among them, the role of immune response bears great importance. Pro-inflammatory substances, especially damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), play an essential role in activating, signaling, and steering inflammation. Meanwhile, activated neutrophils attach great importance to the immune defense by forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which cause ductal obstruction, premature trypsinogen activation, and modulate inflammation. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in understanding the pathological role of DAMPs and NETs in AP and shed light on the flexible crosstalk between these vital inflammatory mediators. We, then highlight the potentially promising treatment for AP targeting DAMPs and NETs, with a focus on novel insights into the mechanism, diagnosis, and management of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengchun Jin
- School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Pan
- School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qingyi Lin
- School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaopeng Yang
- School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peter C. Ambe
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral Surgery and Coloproctology, Vinzenz-Pallotti-Hospital Bensberg, Bensberg, Germany
| | - Zarrin Basharat
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Centre for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Vincent Zimmer
- Department of Medicine, Marienhausklinik St. Josef Kohlhof, Neunkirchen, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wandong Hong, ; Wei Wang,
| | - Wandong Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wandong Hong, ; Wei Wang,
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15
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Takizawa S, Lee Y, Jacob A, Aziz M, Wang P. Neutrophil trogocytosis during their trans-endothelial migration: role of extracellular CIRP. Mol Med 2022; 28:91. [PMID: 35941574 PMCID: PMC9358840 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cells in the circulating blood, and they act as the first responder against bacterial and fungal infection. However, accumulation of activated neutrophils can cause severe inflammation and tissue damage. Recently, neutrophil trogocytosis or membrane transfer with neighboring cells was reported to modulate immune responses. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA binding protein (eCIRP) is a newly identified damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). eCIRP can activate neutrophils to be more pro-inflammatory. This study aimed to identify the role of eCIRP in neutrophil trogocytosis during their trans-endothelial migration. Methods A trans-endothelial migration (TEM) assay using bone marrow neutrophils and mouse primary lung vascular endothelial cells was conducted using transwell chambers and neutrophil trogocytosis was assessed in vitro. In an in vivo mouse model of acute lung injury, neutrophil trogocytosis was assessed from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Results In TEM assay, the trogocytosis of neutrophils occurred during trans-endothelial migration and eCIRP significantly increased the percentage of these neutrophils. The trogocytosed neutrophils acquired the endothelial membrane containing junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) and VE-cadherin, and these membrane patches were polarized by Mac-1 binding. Furthermore, eCIRP-induced JAM-C positive trogocytosed neutrophils are more pro-inflammatory than the JAM-C negative counterpart. JAM-C positive trogocytosed neutrophils were also observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a mouse model of acute lung injury. Conclusion These data suggest that during the paracellular trans-endothelial migration of neutrophils in response to inflammation, eCIRP induces trogocytosis of neutrophils, and the trogocytosed neutrophils exhibit an exaggerated pro-inflammatory phenotype promoting acute lung injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00515-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takizawa
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Yongchan Lee
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Asha Jacob
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.,Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.,Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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16
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Schagatay F, Diamant K, Lidén M, Edin A, Athlin S, Hultgren O, Ahlm C, Forsell MNE, Savilampi J, Normark J, Lange A, Cajander S. Serum concentration of extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein is associated with respiratory failure in COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945603. [PMID: 35967397 PMCID: PMC9373926 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) is suggested to be a major trigger for the dysregulated host immune response that leads to severe COVID-19. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), is a newly identified DAMP that aggravates inflammation and tissue injury, and induces respiratory failure in sepsis. Whether CIRP contributes to the pathogenesis of respiratory failure in COVID-19 has not yet been explored. Aim To investigate if the concentration of extracellular CIRP (eCIRP) in serum associates with respiratory failure and lung involvement by chest computed tomography (CT) in COVID-19. Methods Herein we report a prospective observational study of patients with COVID-19 included at two University Hospitals in Sweden between April 2020 and May 2021. Serum from hospitalized patients in Örebro (N=97) were used to assess the association between eCIRP and the level of respiratory support and its correlation with pulmonary involvement on chest CT and inflammatory biomarkers. A cohort of hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients from Umeå (N=78) was used as an external validation cohort. The severity of disease was defined according to the highest degree of respiratory support; mild disease (no oxygen), non-severe hypoxemia (conventional oxygen or high-flow nasal oxygen, HFNO <50% FiO2), and severe hypoxemia (HFNO ≥50% FiO2, mechanical ventilation). Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression was used to evaluate peak eCIRP day 0-4 in respect to severity, age, sex, Charlson comorbidity score, symptom duration, and BMI. Results Peak eCIRP concentrations were higher in patients with severe hypoxemia and were independently associated with the degree of respiratory support in both cohorts (Örebro; p=0.01, Umeå; p<0.01). The degree of pulmonary involvement measured by CT correlated with eCIRP, rs=0.30, p<0.01 (n=97). Conclusion High serum levels of eCIRP are associated with acute respiratory failure in COVID-19. Experimental studies are needed to determine if treatments targeting eCIRP reduces the risk of acute respiratory failure in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Schagatay
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CKF Region Västmanland, Västerås Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Klara Diamant
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mats Lidén
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Alicia Edin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Simon Athlin
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Olof Hultgren
- Department of Laboratory medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Johanna Savilampi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Johan Normark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Lange
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sara Cajander
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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17
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Block H, Rossaint J, Zarbock A. The Fatal Circle of NETs and NET-Associated DAMPs Contributing to Organ Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:1919. [PMID: 35741047 PMCID: PMC9222025 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of defense against invading pathogens or sterile injuries. Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) sense molecules released from inflamed or damaged cells, or foreign molecules resulting from invading pathogens. PRRs can in turn induce inflammatory responses, comprising the generation of cytokines or chemokines, which further induce immune cell recruitment. Neutrophils represent an essential factor in the early immune response and fulfill numerous tasks to fight infection or heal injuries. The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is part of it and was originally attributed to the capture and elimination of pathogens. In the last decade studies revealed a detrimental role of NETs during several diseases, often correlated with an exaggerated immune response. Overwhelming inflammation in single organs can induce remote organ damage, thereby further perpetuating release of inflammatory molecules. Here, we review recent findings regarding damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) which are able to induce NET formation, as well as NET components known to act as DAMPs, generating a putative fatal circle of inflammation contributing to organ damage and sequentially occurring remote organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (H.B.); (J.R.)
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18
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Lopes-Pires ME, Frade-Guanaes JO, Quinlan GJ. Clotting Dysfunction in Sepsis: A Role for ROS and Potential for Therapeutic Intervention. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:88. [PMID: 35052592 PMCID: PMC8773140 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is regarded as one of the main causes of death among the critically ill. Pathogen infection results in a host-mediated pro-inflammatory response to fight infection; as part of this response, significant endogenous reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) production occurs, instigated by a variety of sources, including activated inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils, platelets, and cells from the vascular endothelium. Inflammation can become an inappropriate self-sustaining and expansive process, resulting in sepsis. Patients with sepsis often exhibit loss of aspects of normal vascular homeostatic control, resulting in abnormal coagulation events and the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Diagnosis and treatment of sepsis remain a significant challenge for healthcare providers globally. Targeting the drivers of excessive oxidative/nitrosative stress using antioxidant treatments might be a therapeutic option. This review focuses on the association between excessive oxidative/nitrosative stress, a common feature in sepsis, and loss of homeostatic control at the level of the vasculature. The literature relating to potential antioxidants is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Lopes-Pires
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK;
| | | | - Gregory J. Quinlan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK;
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19
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Zhong P, Zhou M, Zhang J, Peng J, Zeng G, Huang H. The role of Cold-Inducible RNA-binding protein in respiratory diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:957-965. [PMID: 34953031 PMCID: PMC8831972 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (CIRP) is a stress‐response protein that is expressed in various types of cells and acts as an RNA chaperone, modifying the stability of its targeted mRNA. Intracellular CIRP could also be released into extracellular space and once released, extracellular CIRP (eCIRP) acts as a damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMP) to induce and amplify inflammation. Recent studies have found that eCIRP could promote acute lung injury (ALI) via activation of macrophages, neutrophils, pneumocytes and lung vascular endothelial cells in context of sepsis, haemorrhagic shock, intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury and severe acute pancreatitis. In addition, CIRP is also highly expressed in the bronchial epithelial cells and its expression is upregulated in the bronchial epithelial cells of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and rat models with chronic bronchitis. CIRP is a key contributing factor in the cold‐induced exacerbation of COPD by promoting the expression of inflammatory genes and hypersecretion of airway mucus in the bronchial epithelial cells. Besides, CIRP is also involved in regulating pulmonary fibrosis, as eCIRP could directly activate and induce an inflammatory phenotype in pulmonary fibroblast. This review summarizes the findings of CIRP investigation in respiratory diseases and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianye Peng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Heart Failure Prevention & Treatment of Hengyang, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Clinical Medicine Research Center of Arteriosclerotic Disease of Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Heart Failure Prevention & Treatment of Hengyang, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Clinical Medicine Research Center of Arteriosclerotic Disease of Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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20
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Lee Y, Reilly B, Tan C, Wang P, Aziz M. Extracellular CIRP Induces Macrophage Extracellular Trap Formation Via Gasdermin D Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:780210. [PMID: 35003095 PMCID: PMC8732379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.780210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern promoting inflammation and tissue injury. During bacterial or viral infection, macrophages release DNA decorated with nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins known as macrophage extracellular traps (METs). Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a pore-forming protein that has been involved in extracellular trap formation in neutrophils. We hypothesized that eCIRP induces MET formation by activating GSDMD. Human monocytic cell line THP-1 cells were differentiated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and treated with recombinant murine (rm) CIRP. The MET formation was detected by three methods: time-lapse fluorescence microscopy (video imaging), colorimetry, and ELISA. Cleaved forms of GSDMD, and caspase-1 were detected by Western blotting. Treatment of THP-1 cells with rmCIRP increased MET formation as revealed by SYTOX Orange Staining assay in a time- and dose-dependent manner. METs formed by rmCIRP stimulation were further confirmed by extracellular DNA, citrullinated histone H3, and myeloperoxidase. Treatment of THP-1 cells with rmCIRP significantly increased the cleaved forms of caspase-1 and GSDMD compared to PBS-treated cells. Treatment of macrophages with caspase-1, and GSDMD inhibitors z-VAD-fmk, and disulfiram, separately, significantly decreased rmCIRP-induced MET formation. We also confirmed rmCIRP-induced MET formation using primary cells murine peritoneal macrophages. These data clearly show that eCIRP serves as a novel inducer of MET formation through the activation of GSDMD and caspase-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchan Lee
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Bridgette Reilly
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Chuyi Tan
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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21
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Murao A, Tan C, Jha A, Wang P, Aziz M. Exosome-Mediated eCIRP Release From Macrophages to Induce Inflammation in Sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:791648. [PMID: 34938194 PMCID: PMC8687456 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.791648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is an important damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Despite our understanding of the potentially harmful effects of eCIRP in sepsis, how eCIRP is released from cells remains elusive. Exosomes are endosome-derived extracellular vesicles, which carry proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to facilitate intercellular communication and several extracellular functions. We hypothesized that eCIRP is released via exosomes to induce inflammation in sepsis. Exosomes isolated from the supernatants of LPS-treated macrophage culture and serum of endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis mice showed high purity, as revealed by their unique median sizes ranging between 70 and 126 nm in diameter. eCIRP levels of the exosomes were significantly increased after LPS treatment in the supernatants of macrophage culture, mouse serum, and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse serum. Protease protection assay demonstrated the majority of eCIRP was present on the surface of exosomes. Treatment of WT macrophages and mice with exosomes isolated from LPS-treated WT mice serum increased TNFα and IL-6 production. However, treatment with CIRP-/- mice serum exosomes significantly decreased these levels compared with WT exosome-treated conditions. CIRP-/- mice serum exosomes significantly decreased neutrophil migration in vitro compared with WT exosomes. Treatment of mice with serum exosomes isolated from CIRP-/- mice significantly reduced neutrophil infiltration into the peritoneal cavity. Our data suggest that eCIRP can be released via exosomes to induce cytokine production and neutrophil migration. Thus, exosomal eCIRP could be a potential target to inhibit inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Chuyi Tan
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Alok Jha
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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22
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Haque O, Pendexter CA, Wilks BT, Hafiz EOA, Markmann JF, Uygun K, Yeh H, Tessier SN. The effect of blood cells retained in rat livers during static cold storage on viability outcomes during normothermic machine perfusion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23128. [PMID: 34848781 PMCID: PMC8633375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In transplantation, livers are transported to recipients using static cold storage (SCS), whereby livers are exposed to cold ischemic injury that contribute to post-transplant risk factors. We hypothesized that flushing organs during procurement with cold preservation solutions could influence the number of donor blood cells retained in the allograft thereby exacerbating cold ischemic injury. We present the results of rat livers that underwent 24 h SCS after being flushed with a cold University of Wisconsin (UW) solution versus room temperature (RT) lactated ringers (LR) solution. These results were compared to livers that were not flushed prior to SCS and thoroughly flushed livers without SCS. We used viability and injury metrics collected during normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) and the number of retained peripheral cells (RPCs) measured by histology to compare outcomes. Compared to the cold UW flush group, livers flushed with RT LR had lower resistance, lactate, AST, and ALT at 6 h of NMP. The number of RPCs also had significant positive correlations with resistance, lactate, and potassium levels and a negative correlation with energy charge. In conclusion, livers exposed to cold UW flush prior to SCS appear to perform worse during NMP, compared to RT LR flush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Haque
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Center for Transplantation Science, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casie A Pendexter
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin T Wilks
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ehab O A Hafiz
- Department of Electron Microscopy Research, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - James F Markmann
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Center for Transplantation Science, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Korkut Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Center for Transplantation Science, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shannon N Tessier
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Significance: Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. This leads to an uncontrolled inflammatory response at the onset of infection, followed by immunosuppression. The development of a specific treatment modality for sepsis is still challenging, reflecting our inadequate understanding of its pathophysiology. Understanding the mechanism and transition of the early hyperinflammation to late stage of immunosuppression in sepsis is critical for developing sepsis therapeutics. Recent Advances: Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are intracellular molecules and released upon tissue injury and cell death in sepsis. DAMPs are recognized by pattern recognition receptors to initiate inflammatory cascades. DAMPs not only elicit an inflammatory response but also they subsequently induce immunosuppression, both are equally important for exacerbating sepsis. Recent advances on a new DAMP, extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein for fueling inflammation and immunosuppression in sepsis, have added a new avenue into the dual functions of DAMPs in sepsis. Critical Issues: The molecular modification of DAMPs and their binding to pattern recognition receptors transit dynamically by the cellular environment in pathophysiologic conditions. Correlation between the dynamic changes of the impacts of DAMPs and the clinical outcomes in sepsis still lacks adequate understanding. Here, we focus on the impacts of DAMPs that cause inflammation as well as induce immunosuppression in sepsis. We further discuss the therapeutic potential by targeting DAMPs to attenuate inflammation and immunosuppression for mitigating sepsis. Future Directions: Uncovering pathways of the transition from inflammation to immunosuppression of DAMPs is a potential therapeutic avenue for mitigating sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Zhou
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
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24
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Lenard AJ, Hutten S, Zhou Q, Usluer S, Zhang F, Bourgeois BMR, Dormann D, Madl T. Phosphorylation Regulates CIRBP Arginine Methylation, Transportin-1 Binding and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:689687. [PMID: 34738012 PMCID: PMC8562343 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.689687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine-glycine(-glycine) (RG/RGG) regions are highly abundant in RNA-binding proteins and involved in numerous physiological processes. Aberrant liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and stress granule (SGs) association of RG/RGG regions in the cytoplasm have been implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders. LLPS and SG association of these proteins is regulated by the interaction with nuclear import receptors, such as transportin-1 (TNPO1), and by post-translational arginine methylation. Strikingly, many RG/RGG proteins harbour potential phosphorylation sites within or close to their arginine methylated regions, indicating a regulatory role. Here, we studied the role of phosphorylation within RG/RGG regions on arginine methylation, TNPO1-binding and LLPS using the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) as a paradigm. We show that the RG/RGG region of CIRBP is in vitro phosphorylated by serine-arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1), and discovered two novel phosphorylation sites in CIRBP. SRPK1-mediated phosphorylation of the CIRBP RG/RGG region impairs LLPS and binding to TNPO1 in vitro and interferes with SG association in cells. Furthermore, we uncovered that arginine methylation of the CIRBP RG/RGG region regulates in vitro phosphorylation by SRPK1. In conclusion, our findings indicate that LLPS and TNPO1-mediated chaperoning of RG/RGG proteins is regulated through an intricate interplay of post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta J. Lenard
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Saskia Hutten
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU) Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Mainz, Germany
- BioMedical Center, Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Qishun Zhou
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sinem Usluer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Fangrong Zhang
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Benjamin M. R. Bourgeois
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dorothee Dormann
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU) Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Mainz, Germany
- BioMedical Center, Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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25
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Kübler M, Beck S, Peffenköver LL, Götz P, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H, Preissner KT, Fischer S, Lasch M, Deindl E. The Absence of Extracellular Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein (eCIRP) Promotes Pro-Angiogenic Microenvironmental Conditions and Angiogenesis in Muscle Tissue Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179484. [PMID: 34502391 PMCID: PMC8431021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), a damage-associated molecular pattern, is released from cells upon hypoxia and cold-stress. The overall absence of extra- and intracellular CIRP is associated with increased angiogenesis, most likely induced through influencing leukocyte accumulation. The aim of the present study was to specifically characterize the role of eCIRP in ischemia-induced angiogenesis together with the associated leukocyte recruitment. For analyzing eCIRPs impact, we induced muscle ischemia via femoral artery ligation (FAL) in mice in the presence or absence of an anti-CIRP antibody and isolated the gastrocnemius muscle for immunohistological analyses. Upon eCIRP-depletion, mice showed increased capillary/muscle fiber ratio and numbers of proliferating endothelial cells (CD31+/CD45−/BrdU+). This was accompanied by a reduction of total leukocyte count (CD45+), neutrophils (MPO+), neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (MPO+CitH3+), apoptotic area (ascertained via TUNEL assay), and pro-inflammatory M1-like polarized macrophages (CD68+/MRC1−) in ischemic muscle tissue. Conversely, the number of regenerative M2-like polarized macrophages (CD68+/MRC1+) was elevated. Altogether, we observed that eCIRP depletion similarly affected angiogenesis and leukocyte recruitment as described for the overall absence of CIRP. Thus, we propose that eCIRP is mainly responsible for modulating angiogenesis via promoting pro-angiogenic microenvironmental conditions in muscle ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kübler
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.); (S.B.); (P.G.); (H.I.-A.); (M.L.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beck
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.); (S.B.); (P.G.); (H.I.-A.); (M.L.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lisa Lilian Peffenköver
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (L.L.P.); (K.T.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Philipp Götz
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.); (S.B.); (P.G.); (H.I.-A.); (M.L.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.); (S.B.); (P.G.); (H.I.-A.); (M.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus T. Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (L.L.P.); (K.T.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (L.L.P.); (K.T.P.); (S.F.)
| | - Manuel Lasch
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.); (S.B.); (P.G.); (H.I.-A.); (M.L.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Deindl
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.K.); (S.B.); (P.G.); (H.I.-A.); (M.L.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-89-2180-76504
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26
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Absence of Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein (CIRP) Promotes Angiogenesis and Regeneration of Ischemic Tissue by Inducing M2-Like Macrophage Polarization. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040395. [PMID: 33916904 PMCID: PMC8067566 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is an intracellular RNA-chaperone and extracellular promoter of inflammation, which is increasingly expressed and released under conditions of hypoxia and cold stress. The functional relevance of CIRP for angiogenesis and regeneration of ischemic muscle tissue has never been investigated and is the topic of the present study. We investigated the role of CIRP employing CIRP deficient mice along with a hindlimb model of ischemia-induced angiogenesis. 1 and 7 days after femoral artery ligation or sham operation, gastrocnemius muscles of CIRP-deficient and wildtype mice were isolated and processed for (immuno-) histological analyses. CIRP deficient mice showed decreased ischemic tissue damage as evidenced by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, whereas angiogenesis was enhanced as demonstrated by increased capillary/muscle fiber ratio and number of proliferating endothelial (CD31+/BrdU+) cells on day 7 after surgery. Moreover, CIRP deficiency resulted in a reduction of total leukocyte count (CD45+), neutrophils (myeloperoxidase, MPO+), neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (MPO+/CitH3+), and inflammatory M1-like polarized macrophages (CD68+/MRC1-), whereas the number of tissue regenerating M2-like polarized macrophages (CD68+/MRC1-) was increased in ischemic tissue samples. In summary, we show that the absence of CIRP ameliorates angiogenesis and regeneration of ischemic muscle tissue, most likely by influencing macrophage polarization in direction to regenerative M2-like macrophages.
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27
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Li Y, Wan D, Luo X, Song T, Wang Y, Yu Q, Jiang L, Liao R, Zhao W, Su B. Circulating Histones in Sepsis: Potential Outcome Predictors and Therapeutic Targets. Front Immunol 2021; 12:650184. [PMID: 33868288 PMCID: PMC8044749 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.650184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Circulating histones (CHs), a group of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules mainly derived from neutrophil extracellular traps, play a crucial role in sepsis by mediating inflammation response, organ injury and death through Toll-like receptors or inflammasome pathways. Herein, we first elucidate the molecular mechanisms of histone-induced inflammation amplification, endothelium injury and cascade coagulation activation, and discuss the close correlation between elevated level of CHs and disease severity as well as mortality in patients with sepsis. Furthermore, current state-of-the-art on anti-histone therapy with antibodies, histone-binding proteins (namely recombinant thrombomodulin and activated protein C), and heparin is summarized to propose promising approaches for sepsis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Li
- Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine of West China Hospital, Disaster Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingyuan Wan
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyao Luo
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Song
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine of West China Hospital, Disaster Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luojia Jiang
- Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoxi Liao
- Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baihai Su
- Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital, Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine of West China Hospital, Disaster Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Abstract
Neutrophils produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by expelling their extracellular chromatin embedded with citrullinated histone H3, myeloperoxidase, and other intracellular molecules. Since their discovery in 2004, numerous articles have demonstrated the mechanism of NET formation and their function in innate immunity and inflammation. NET components often play an antimicrobial role, but excessive NETs are deleterious and can cause inflammation and tissue damage. This review highlights recent advancements in the identification of novel pathways and mechanisms of NET formation. We also focus on the specific damaging impact of NETs in individual organs. We then discuss the progress and limitations of various NET detection assays. Collectively, these vital aspects of NETs significantly improve our understanding of the pathobiology of NETs and future diagnostics and therapeutic tools for examining and modulating NETs in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyi Tan
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
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29
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Chen K, Murao A, Arif A, Takizawa S, Jin H, Jiang J, Aziz M, Wang P. Inhibition of Efferocytosis by Extracellular CIRP-Induced Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 206:797-806. [PMID: 33380498 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells by the macrophages (efferocytosis) is impaired in sepsis, but its mechanism is poorly understood. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a novel damage-associated molecular pattern that fuels inflammation. We identify that eCIRP-induced neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) impair efferocytosis through a novel mechanism. Coculture of macrophages and apoptotic thymocytes in the presence of recombinant murine CIRP (rmCIRP)-induced NETs significantly inhibited efferocytosis. Efferocytosis was significantly inhibited in the presence of rmCIRP-treated wild-type (WT), but not PAD4-/- neutrophils. Efferocytosis in the peritoneal cavity of rmCIRP-injected PAD4-/- mice was higher than WT mice. Milk fat globule-EGF-factor VIII (MFG-E8), an opsonin, increased macrophage efferocytosis, whereas the inhibition of efferocytosis by NETs was not rescued upon addition of MFG-E8, indicating disruption of MFG-E8's receptor(s) αvβ3 or αvβ5 integrin by the NETs. We identified neutrophil elastase in the NETs significantly inhibited efferocytosis by cleaving macrophage surface integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 Using a preclinical model of sepsis, we found that CIRP-/- mice exhibited significantly increased rate of efferocytosis in the peritoneal cavity compared with WT mice. We discovered a novel role of eCIRP-induced NETs to inhibit efferocytosis by the neutrophil elastase-dependent decrease of αvβ3/αvβ5 integrins in macrophages. Targeting eCIRP ameliorates sepsis by enhancing efferocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehong Chen
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Adnan Arif
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Satoshi Takizawa
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Hui Jin
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Chongqing 400042, China; and
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030;
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030; .,Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY 11030
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30
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Preissner KT, Fischer S, Deindl E. Extracellular RNA as a Versatile DAMP and Alarm Signal That Influences Leukocyte Recruitment in Inflammation and Infection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:619221. [PMID: 33392206 PMCID: PMC7775424 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.619221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon vascular injury, tissue damage, ischemia, or microbial infection, intracellular material such as nucleic acids and histones is liberated and comes into contact with the vessel wall and circulating blood cells. Such "Danger-associated molecular patterns" (DAMPs) may thus have an enduring influence on the inflammatory defense process that involves leukocyte recruitment and wound healing reactions. While different species of extracellular RNA (exRNA), including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, have been implicated to influence inflammatory processes at different levels, recent in vitro and in vivo work has demonstrated a major impact of ribosomal exRNA as a prominent DAMP on various steps of leukocyte recruitment within the innate immune response. This includes the induction of vascular hyper-permeability and vasogenic edema by exRNA via the activation of the "vascular endothelial growth factor" (VEGF) receptor-2 system, as well as the recruitment of leukocytes to the inflamed endothelium, the M1-type polarization of inflammatory macrophages, or the role of exRNA as a pro-thrombotic cofactor to promote thrombosis. Beyond sterile inflammation, exRNA also augments the docking of bacteria to host cells and the subsequent microbial invasion. Moreover, upon vessel occlusion and ischemia, the shear stress-induced release of exRNA initiates arteriogenesis (i.e., formation of natural vessel bypasses) in a multistep process that resembles leukocyte recruitment. Although exRNA can be counteracted for by natural circulating RNase1, under the conditions mentioned, only the administration of exogenous, thermostable, non-toxic RNase1 provides an effective and safe therapeutic regimen for treating the damaging activities of exRNA. It remains to be investigated whether exRNA may also influence viral infections (including COVID-19), e.g., by supporting the interaction of host cells with viral particles and their subsequent invasion. In fact, as a consequence of the viral infection cycle, massive amounts of exRNA are liberated, which can provoke further tissue damage and enhance virus dissemination. Whether the application of RNase1 in this scenario may help to limit the extent of viral infections like COVID-19 and impact on leukocyte recruitment and emigration steps in immune defense in order to limit the extent of associated cardiovascular diseases remains to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus T. Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Kerckhoff-Heart-Research-Institute, Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Deindl
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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31
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Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein regulates neutrophil extracellular trap formation and tissue damage in acute pancreatitis. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1618-1630. [PMID: 32709888 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0469-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a key role in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP). In the present study, we studied the role of extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), a novel damage-associated-molecular-pattern molecule, in severe AP. C57BL/6 mice underwent retrograde infusion of taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. C23, an eCIRP inhibitor, was given 1 h prior to induction of AP. Pancreatic, lung, and blood samples were collected and levels of citrullinated histone 3, DNA-histone complexes, eCIRP, myeloperoxidase (MPO), amylase, cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and CXC chemokines were quantified after 24 h. NETs were detected by electron microscopy in the pancreas and bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Amylase secretion was analyzed in isolated acinar cells. Plasma was obtained from healthy individuals and patients with mild and moderate severe or severe AP. Taurocholate infusion induced NET formation, inflammation, and tissue injury in the pancreas. Pretreatment with C23 decreased taurocholate-induced pancreatic and plasma levels of eCIRP and tissue damage in the pancreas. Blocking eCIRP reduced levels of citrullinated histone 3 and NET formation in the pancreas as well as DNA-histone complexes in the plasma. In addition, administration of C23 attenuated MPO levels in the pancreas and lung of mice exposed to taurocholate. Inhibition of eCIRP reduced pancreatic levels of CXC chemokines and plasma levels of IL-6, HMGB-1, and MMP-9 in mice with severe AP. Moreover, eCIRP was found to be bound to NETs. Coincubation with C23 reduced NET-induced amylase secretion in isolated acinar cells. Patients with severe AP had elevated plasma levels of eCIRP compared with controls. Our novel findings suggest that eCIRP is a potent regulator of NET formation in the inflamed pancreas. Moreover, these results show that targeting eCIRP with C23 inhibits inflammation and tissue damage in AP. Thus, eCIRP could serve as an effective target to attenuate pancreatic damage in patients with AP.
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening respiratory illness caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its clinical presentation can vary from the asymptomatic state to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction. Due to our insufficient understanding of its pathophysiology and lack of effective treatment, the morbidity and mortality of severe COVID-19 patients are high. Patients with COVID-19 develop ARDS fueled by exaggerated neutrophil influx into the lungs and cytokine storm. B-1a cells represent a unique subpopulation of B lymphocytes critical for circulating natural antibodies, innate immunity, and immunoregulation. These cells spontaneously produce natural IgM, interleukin (IL)-10, and granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Natural IgM neutralizes viruses and opsonizes bacteria, IL-10 attenuates the cytokine storm, and GM-CSF induces IgM production by B-1a cells in an autocrine manner. Indeed, B-1a cells have been shown to ameliorate influenza virus infection, sepsis, and pneumonia, all of which are similar to COVID-19. The recent discovery of B-1a cells in humans further reinforces their potentially critical role in the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and their anticipated translational applications against viral and microbial infections. Given that B-1a cells protect against ARDS via immunoglobulin production and the anti-COVID-19 effects of convalescent plasma treatment, we recommend that studies be conducted to further examine the role of B-1a cells in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and explore their therapeutic potential to treat COVID-19 patients.
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33
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Murao A, Brenner M, Aziz M, Wang P. Exosomes in Sepsis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2140. [PMID: 33013905 PMCID: PMC7509534 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe state of infection with high mortality. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) initiate dysregulated systemic inflammation upon binding to pattern recognition receptors. Exosomes are endosome-derived vesicles, which carry proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, and facilitate intercellular communications. Studies have shown altered contents and function of exosomes during sepsis. In sepsis, exosomes carry increased levels of cytokines and DAMPs to induce inflammation. Exosomal DAMPs include, but are not limited to, high mobility group box 1, heat shock proteins, histones, adenosine triphosphate, and extracellular RNA. Exosomes released during sepsis have impact on multiple organs, including the lungs, kidneys, liver, cardiovascular system, and central nervous system. Here, we review the mechanisms of inflammation caused by exosomes, and their contribution to multiple organ dysfunction in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Max Brenner
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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34
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Sharma A, Brenner M, Wang P. Potential Role of Extracellular CIRP in Alcohol-Induced Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:5000-5010. [PMID: 32827106 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the sixth leading cause of death in the USA and the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia. In AD, microtubule-associated protein tau becomes pathologically phosphorylated and aggregated, leading to neurodegeneration and the cognitive deficits that characterize the disease. Prospective studies have shown that frequent and heavy alcohol drinking is linked to early onset and increased severity of AD. The precise mechanisms of how alcohol leads to AD, however, remain poorly understood. We have shown that extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a critical mediator of memory impairment induced by exposure to binge-drinking levels of alcohol, leading us to reason that eCIRP may be a key player in the relationship between alcohol and AD. In this review, we first discuss the mechanisms by which alcohol promotes AD. We then review eCIRP's role as a critical mediator of acute alcohol intoxication-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. Next, we explore the potential contribution of eCIRP to the development of alcohol-induced AD by targeting tau phosphorylation. We also consider the effects of eCIRP on neuronal death and neurogenesis linking alcohol with AD. Finally, we highlight the importance of further studying eCIRP as a critical molecular mechanism connecting acute alcohol intoxication, neuroinflammation, and tau phosphorylation in AD along with the potential of therapeutically targeting eCIRP as a new strategy to attenuate alcohol-induced AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Sharma
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Max Brenner
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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35
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Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein might determine the severity and the presences of major/minor criteria for severe community-acquired pneumonia and best predicted mortality. Respir Res 2020; 21:192. [PMID: 32689999 PMCID: PMC7372799 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) depends on microbial pathogenicity, load and virulence, and immune responses. The Infectious Disease Society of America and the American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) minor criteria responsible for clinical triage of patients with CAP are of unequal weight in predicting mortality. It is unclear whether the IDSA/ATS major/minor criteria might be strongly and positively associated with the immune responses. It is warranted to explore this intriguing hypothesis. Methods A prospective cohort study of 404 CAP patients was performed. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) levels were measured using a sandwich-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The receiver operating characteristic curves were created and the areas under the curves were calculated to illustrate and compare the accuracy of the indices. Results Severe CAP patients meeting the major criteria had the highest plasma concentrations of CIRP. The more the number of most predictive minor criteria strongly associated to mortality, i.e. arterial oxygen pressure/fraction inspired oxygen ≤ 250 mmHg, confusion, and uremia, present, the higher the CIRP level. Interestingly, the patients with non-severe CAP meeting the most predictive minor criteria demonstrated unexpectedly higher CIRP level compared with the patients with severe CAP not fulfilling the criteria. Procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and pneumonia severity index (PSI) scores, and mortality confirmed similar intriguing patterns. CIRP was strongly linked to PCT, IL-6, CRP, minor criteria, SOFA and PSI scores, and mortality (increased odds ratio 3.433). The pattern of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and Youden’s index of CIRP ≥ 3.50 ng/mL for predicting mortality was the optimal. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CIRP was the highest among the indices. Conclusions CIRP levels were strongly correlated with the IDSA/ATS major/minor criteria. CIRP might determine the severity and the presences of major/minor criteria and best predicted mortality, and a CIRP of ≥ 3.50 ng/mL might be more valuable cut-off value for severe CAP, suggesting that CIRP might be a novel and intriguing biomarker for pneumonia to monitor host response and predict mortality, which might have implications for more accurate clinical triage decisions.
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36
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Murao A, Arif A, Brenner M, Denning NL, Jin H, Takizawa S, Nicastro B, Wang P, Aziz M. Extracellular CIRP and TREM-1 axis promotes ICAM-1-Rho-mediated NETosis in sepsis. FASEB J 2020; 34:9771-9786. [PMID: 32506691 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000482r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expressing neutrophils produce excessive amounts of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We reveal that eCIRP generates ICAM-1+ neutrophils through triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) and the ICAM-1+ neutrophils involve Rho GTPase to promote NETosis. Treatment of BMDN with rmCIRP increased the frequency of ICAM-1+ BMDN, while rmCIRP-treated TREM-1-/- BMDN or pretreatment of BMDN with TREM-1 inhibitor LP17 significantly decreased the frequency of ICAM-1+ neutrophils. The frequencies of ICAM-1+ neutrophils in blood and lungs were markedly decreased in rmCIRP-injected mice or septic mice treated with LP17. Coculture of ICAM-1-/- neutrophils or wild-type (WT) neutrophils with WT macrophages in the presence of a peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) inhibitor reduced TNF-α and IL-6 compared to WT neutrophils treated with rmCIRP. Treatment of ICAM-1-/- neutrophils with rmCIRP resulted in reduced quantities of NETs compared to WT rmCIRP-treated neutrophils. Treatment of BMDN with rmCIRP-induced Rho activation, while blockade of ICAM-1 significantly decreased Rho activation. Inhibition of Rho significantly decreased rmCIRP-induced NET formation in BMDN. TREM-1 plays a critical role in the eCIRP-mediated increase of ICAM-1 expression in neutrophils, leading to the increased NET formation via Rho activation to exaggerate inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Adnan Arif
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Max Brenner
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Naomi-Liza Denning
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.,Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA.,Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Hui Jin
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Satoshi Takizawa
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Nicastro
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA.,Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA.,Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.,Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA
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37
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Denning NL, Aziz M, Murao A, Gurien SD, Ochani M, Prince JM, Wang P. Extracellular CIRP as an endogenous TREM-1 ligand to fuel inflammation in sepsis. JCI Insight 2020; 5:134172. [PMID: 32027618 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a recently discovered damage-associated molecular pattern. Understanding the precise mechanism by which it exacerbates inflammation is essential. Here we identified that eCIRP is a new biologically active endogenous ligand of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1), fueling inflammation in sepsis. Surface plasmon resonance revealed a strong binding affinity between eCIRP and TREM-1, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay confirmed eCIRP's interaction with TREM-1 in macrophages. Targeting TREM-1 by its siRNA or a decoy peptide, LP17, or by using TREM-1-/- mice dramatically reduced eCIRP-induced inflammation. We developed a potentially novel 7-aa peptide derived from human eCIRP, M3, which blocked the interaction of TREM-1 and eCIRP. M3 suppressed inflammation induced by eCIRP or agonist TREM-1 antibody cross-linking in murine macrophages or human peripheral blood monocytes. M3 also inhibited eCIRP-induced systemic inflammation and tissue injury. Treatment with M3 further protected mice from sepsis, improved acute lung injury, and increased survival. Thus, we have discovered a potentially novel TREM-1 ligand and developed a new peptide, M3, to block eCIRP-TREM-1 interaction and improve outcomes in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi-Liza Denning
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Steven D Gurien
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Mahendar Ochani
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Jose M Prince
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
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