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Kim B, Song A, Son A, Shin Y. Gut microbiota and epigenetic choreography: Implications for human health: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39051. [PMID: 39029010 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The interwoven relationship between gut microbiota and the epigenetic landscape constitutes a pivotal axis in understanding human health and disease. Governed by a myriad of dietary, genetic, and environmental influences, the gut microbiota orchestrates a sophisticated metabolic interplay, shaping nutrient utilization, immune responses, and defenses against pathogens. Recent strides in genomics and metabolomics have shed light on the intricate connections between these microbial influencers and the host's physiological dynamics, presenting a dynamic panorama across diverse disease spectra. DNA methylation and histone modifications, as key players in epigenetics, intricately align with the dynamic orchestration of the gut microbiota. This seamless collaboration, notably evident in conditions like inflammatory bowel disease and obesity, has captured the attention of researchers, prompting an exploration of its nuanced choreography. Nevertheless, challenges abound. Analyzing data is intricate due to the multifaceted nature of the gut microbiota and the limitations of current analytical methods. This underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach, where diverse disciplines converge to pave innovative research pathways. The integration of insights from microbiome and epigenome studies assumes paramount importance in unraveling the complexities of this intricate partnership. Deciphering the synchronized interactions within this collaboration offers a deeper understanding of these delicate interplays, potentially heralding revolutionary strides in treatment modalities and strategies for enhancing public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailee Kim
- Crescenta Valley High School, La Crescenta, CA
| | - Angel Song
- Harvard-Westlake School, Studio City, CA
| | - Andrew Son
- Bellarmine College Preparatory, San Jose, CA
| | - Yonghwan Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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2
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Prins FM, Collij V, Groot HE, Björk JR, Swarte JC, Andreu-Sánchez S, Jansen BH, Fu J, Harmsen HJM, Zhernakova A, Lipsic E, van der Harst P, Weersma RK, Gacesa R. The gut microbiome across the cardiovascular risk spectrum. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:935-944. [PMID: 38060843 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Despite treatment advancements, cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Identifying new targets is crucial for enhancing preventive and therapeutic strategies. The gut microbiome has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), however our understanding of specific changes during CAD development remains limited. We aimed to investigate microbiome changes in participants without clinically manifest CAD with different cardiovascular risk levels and in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, we characterized the gut microbiome using metagenomics of 411 faecal samples from individuals with low (n = 130), intermediate (n = 130), and high (n = 125) cardiovascular risk based on the Framingham score, and STEMI patients (n = 26). We analysed diversity, and differential abundance of species and functional pathways while accounting for confounders including medication and technical covariates. Collinsella stercoris, Flavonifractor plautii, and Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans showed increased abundances with cardiovascular risk, while Streptococcus thermophilus was negatively associated. Differential abundance analysis revealed eight species and 49 predicted metabolic pathways that were differently abundant among the groups. In the gut microbiome of STEMI patients, there was a depletion of pathways linked to vitamin, lipid, and amino acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION We identified four microbial species showing a gradual trend in abundance from low-risk individuals to those with STEMI, and observed differential abundant species and pathways in STEMI patients compared to those without clinically manifest CAD. Further investigation is warranted to gain deeper understanding of their precise role in CAD progression and potential implications, with the ultimate goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke M Prins
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie Collij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde E Groot
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes R Björk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Casper Swarte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Andreu-Sánchez
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernadien H Jansen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hermie J M Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Lipsic
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ranko Gacesa
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
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3
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Yang X, Wang L. An invited commentary on: "Causal relationship between gestational diabetes and preeclampsia: A bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis". Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 212:111706. [PMID: 38777129 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, No.120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401147, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, No.120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401147, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
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4
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Warmbrunn MV, Boulund U, Aron-Wisnewsky J, de Goffau MC, Abeka RE, Davids M, Bresser LRF, Levin E, Clement K, Galenkamp H, Ferwerda B, van den Born BJJH, Kurilshikov A, Fu J, Zwinderman AH, Soeters MR, van Raalte DH, Herrema H, Groen AK, Nieuwdorp M. Networks of gut bacteria relate to cardiovascular disease in a multi-ethnic population: the HELIUS study. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:372-384. [PMID: 38289866 PMCID: PMC10981523 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Gut microbiota have been linked to blood lipid levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The composition and abundance of gut microbiota trophic networks differ between ethnicities. We aim to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiotal trophic networks and CVD phenotypes. METHODS AND RESULTS We included cross-sectional data from 3860 individuals without CVD history from 6 ethnicities living in the Amsterdam region participating in the prospective Healthy Life in Urban Setting (HELIUS) study. Genetic variants were genotyped, faecal gut microbiota were profiled, and blood and anthropometric parameters were measured. A machine learning approach was used to assess the relationship between CVD risk (Framingham score) and gut microbiota stratified by ethnicity. Potential causal relationships between gut microbiota composition and CVD were inferred by performing two-sample Mendelian randomization with hard CVD events from the Pan-UK Biobank and microbiome genome-wide association studies summary data from a subset of the HELIUS cohort (n = 4117). Microbial taxa identified to be associated with CVD by machine learning and Mendelian randomization were often ethnic-specific, but some concordance across ethnicities was found. The microbes Akkermansia muciniphila and Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 were protective against ischaemic heart disease in African-Surinamese and Moroccans, respectively. We identified a strong inverse association between blood lipids, CVD risk, and the combined abundance of the correlated microbes Christensenellaceae-Methanobrevibacter-Ruminococcaceae (CMR). The CMR cluster was also identified in two independent cohorts and the association with triglycerides was replicated. CONCLUSION Certain gut microbes can have a potentially causal relationship with CVD events, with possible ethnic-specific effects. We identified a trophic network centred around Christensenellaceae, Methanobrevibacter, and various Ruminococcaceae, frequently lacking in South-Asian Surinamese, to be protective against CVD risk and associated with low triglyceride levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz V Warmbrunn
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrika Boulund
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Aron-Wisnewsky
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Unit (Nutriomics), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
- Nutrition Department, Assistantea Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Centres de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Paris, Ile de France, France
| | - Marcus C de Goffau
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- HorAIzon BV, 2625 GZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosamel E Abeka
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Davids
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas R F Bresser
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- HorAIzon BV, 2625 GZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- HorAIzon BV, 2625 GZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Karine Clement
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Unit (Nutriomics), Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
- Nutrition Department, Assistantea Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Centres de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Paris, Ile de France, France
| | - Henrike Galenkamp
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Ferwerda
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bert-Jan J H van den Born
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kurilshikov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten R Soeters
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel H van Raalte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Zhu L. Editorial: Animal social behaviour and gut microbiome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1210717. [PMID: 37614609 PMCID: PMC10443586 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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6
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Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease comprises cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction and underlies the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, both within the United States and worldwide. Commensal microbiota are implicated in the development of cardiometabolic disease. Evidence suggests that the microbiome is relatively variable during infancy and early childhood, becoming more fixed in later childhood and adulthood. Effects of microbiota, both during early development, and in later life, may induce changes in host metabolism that modulate risk mechanisms and predispose toward the development of cardiometabolic disease. In this review, we summarize the factors that influence gut microbiome composition and function during early life and explore how changes in microbiota and microbial metabolism influence host metabolism and cardiometabolic risk throughout life. We highlight limitations in current methodology and approaches and outline state-of-the-art advances, which are improving research and building toward refined diagnosis and treatment options in microbiome-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis L Gabriel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (C.L.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville
- Tennessee Center for AIDS Research (C.L.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville
| | - Jane F Ferguson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (J.F.F.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville
- Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center (J.F.F.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation (J.F.F.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville
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7
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The gut microbiota and depressive symptoms across ethnic groups. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7129. [PMID: 36473853 PMCID: PMC9726934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is thought to play a role in depressive disorders, which makes it an attractive target for interventions. Both the microbiome and depressive symptom levels vary substantially across ethnic groups. Thus, any intervention for depression targeting the microbiome requires understanding of microbiome-depression associations across ethnicities. Analysing data from the HELIUS cohort, we characterize the gut microbiota and its associations with depressive symptoms in 6 ethnic groups (Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish, Moroccan; N = 3211), living in the same urban area. Diversity of the gut microbiota, both within (α-diversity) and between individuals (β-diversity), predicts depressive symptom levels, taking into account demographic, behavioural, and medical differences. These associations do not differ between ethnic groups. Further, β-diversity explains 29%-18% of the ethnic differences in depressive symptoms. Bacterial genera associated with depressive symptoms belong to mulitple families, prominently including the families Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae. In summary, the results show that the gut microbiota are linked to depressive symptom levels and that this association generalizes across ethnic groups. Moreover, the results suggest that ethnic differences in the gut microbiota may partly explain parallel disparities in depression.
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8
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Larsson SC, Spyrou N, Mantzoros CS. Body fatness associations with cancer: evidence from recent epidemiological studies and future directions. Metabolism 2022; 137:155326. [PMID: 36191637 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review highlights current evidence linking greater body fatness to risk of various cancers, with focus on evidence from recent large cohort studies and pooled analyses of cohort studies as well as Mendelian randomization studies (which utilized genetic variants associated with body mass index to debrief the causal effect of higher body fatness on cancer risk). This review also provides insights into the biological mechanisms underpinning the associations. Data from both observational and Mendelian randomization studies support the associations of higher body mass index with increased risk of many cancers with the strongest evidence for digestive system cancers, including esophageal, stomach, colorectal, liver, gallbladder, and pancreatic cancer, as well as kidney, endometrial, and ovarian (weak association) cancer. Evidence from observational studies suggests that greater body fatness has contrasting effects on breast cancer risk depending on menopausal status and on prostate cancer risk depending on disease stage. Experimental and Mendelian randomization studies indicate that adiponectin, insulin, and sex hormone pathways play an important role in mediating the link between body fatness and cancer risk. The possible role of specific factors and pathways, such as other adipocytokines and hormones and the gut microbiome in mediating the associations between greater body fatness and cancer risk is yet uncertain and needs investigation in future studies. With rising prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide, the proportion of cancer caused by excess body fatness is expected to increase. There is thus an urgent need to identify efficient ways at the individual and societal level to improve diet and physical activity patterns to reduce the burden of obesity and accompanying comorbidities, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Endocrinology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Mikkelsen H, Landt EM, Benn M, Nordestgaard BG, Dahl M. Causal risk factors for asthma in Mendelian randomization studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12207. [PMID: 36434743 PMCID: PMC9640961 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several risk factors for asthma have been proposed; however, the causality of these associations is sometimes unclear. Mendelian randomization is a powerful epidemiological approach that can help elucidate the causality of risk factors. The aim of the present study was to identify causal risk factors for asthma through Mendelian Randomization studies. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed and EMBASE was conducted, to identify studies investigating risk factors for asthma or respiratory allergies through Mendelian Randomization. When two or more studies investigated the same risk factor a meta-analysis was conducted. Of 239 studies initially identified, 41 were included. RESULTS A causal association between adiposity and adult asthma risk was found in 10 out of 12 studies with a summary risk ratio of 1.05 per kg/m2 increase in BMI (95% CI: 1.03-1.07). Puberty timing (n = 3), alcohol (n = 2), and linoleic acid (n = 1) had causal effects on asthma risk, while vitamins/minerals (n = 6) showed no consistent effect on asthma. The effect of smoking on adult asthma conflicted between studies. Several of the significant associations of asthma with immune related proteins (n = 5) and depression (n = 2) investigated through multiple traits analyses could generally benefit from replications in independent datasets. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis found evidence for causal effects of adiposity, puberty timing, linoleic acid, alcohol, immune related proteins, and depression on risk of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryZealand University HospitalKøgeDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Eskild Morten Landt
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryZealand University HospitalKøgeDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Marianne Benn
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Clinical BiochemistryRigshospitaletCopenhagen University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Børge Grønne Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Clinical BiochemistryHerlev and Gentofte HospitalCopenhagen University HospitalHerlevDenmark
| | - Morten Dahl
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryZealand University HospitalKøgeDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Vieira AR, Modesto A. Oral microbiome-dental caries associated genotypes analysis of 6- to 19-year-old individuals shows novel associations. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.875953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The need to determine risk factors for complex diseases continues to drive efforts of identification of etiological factors of common conditions. Molecular tools have created new opportunities to identify risk factors that may act interactively. The goal of this work was exploring potential interactions between oral microbial species and common genetic variants. Ninety-two 6- to 19-year-old individuals recruited through the University of Pittsburgh Dental Registry and DNA Repository project that had oral microbiome and genotyping of 44 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data available were studied. Over-representation of alleles between individuals with or without particular microorganisms was determined using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Alpha of 0.001, to account for multiple testing (0.05/44), was considered statistically significant. Associations were found between Candida albicans and enamelin rs3796704 (p = 0.0006), and Staphylococcus epidermidis and tuftelin rs3828054 (p = 0.001). Microbiota and their metabolites might predispose oral disease when interacting with the host genetic variation and future studies should address their causal roles in oral disease.
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11
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Asensio EM, Ortega-Azorín C, Barragán R, Alvarez-Sala A, Sorlí JV, Pascual EC, Fernández-Carrión R, Villamil LV, Corella D, Coltell O. Association between Microbiome-Related Human Genetic Variants and Fasting Plasma Glucose in a High-Cardiovascular-Risk Mediterranean Population. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58091238. [PMID: 36143914 PMCID: PMC9502852 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The gut microbiota has been increasingly recognized as a relevant factor associated with metabolic diseases. However, directly measuring the microbiota composition is a limiting factor for several studies. Therefore, using genetic variables as proxies for the microbiota composition is an important issue. Landmark microbiome–host genome-wide association studies (mbGWAS) have identified many SNPs associated with gut microbiota. Our aim was to analyze the association between relevant microbiome-related genetic variants (Mi-RSNPs) and fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes in a Mediterranean population, exploring the interaction with Mediterranean diet adherence. Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in a high-cardiovascular-risk Mediterranean population (n = 1020), analyzing the association of Mi-RSNPs (from four published mbGWAS) with fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes. A single-variant approach was used for fitting fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes to a multivariable regression model. In addition, a Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple variants was performed as a sub-study. Results: We obtained several associations between Mi-RSNPs and fasting plasma glucose involving gut Gammaproteobacteria_HB, the order Rhizobiales, the genus Rumminococcus torques group, and the genus Tyzzerella as the top ranked. For type 2 diabetes, we also detected significant associations with Mi-RSNPs related to the order Rhizobiales, the family Desulfovibrionaceae, and the genus Romboutsia. In addition, some Mi-RSNPs and adherence to Mediterranean diet interactions were detected. Lastly, the formal Mendelian randomization analysis suggested combined effects. Conclusions: Although the use of Mi-RSNPs as proxies of the microbiome is still in its infancy, and although this is the first study analyzing such associations with fasting plasma glucose and type 2 diabetes in a Mediterranean population, some interesting associations, as well as modulations, with adherence to the Mediterranean diet were detected in these high-cardiovascular-risk subjects, eliciting new hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. Asensio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Carolina Ortega-Azorín
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Rocío Barragán
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Alvarez-Sala
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José V. Sorlí
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva C. Pascual
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Fernández-Carrión
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura V. Villamil
- Department of Phisiology, School of Medicine, University Antonio Nariño, Bogotá 111511, Colombia
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Coltell
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
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12
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Boulund U, Bastos DM, Ferwerda B, van den Born BJ, Pinto-Sietsma SJ, Galenkamp H, Levin E, Groen AK, Zwinderman AH, Nieuwdorp M. Gut microbiome associations with host genotype vary across ethnicities and potentially influence cardiometabolic traits. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:1464-1480.e6. [PMID: 36099924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies in mainly European populations have reported that the gut microbiome composition is associated with the human genome. However, the genotype-microbiome interaction in different ethnicities is largely unknown. We performed a large fecal microbiome genome-wide association study of a single multiethnic cohort, the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) cohort (N = 4,117). Mendelian randomization was performed using the multiethnic Pan-UK Biobank (N = 460,000) to dissect potential causality. We identified ethnicity-specific associations between host genomes and gut microbiota. Certain microbes were associated with genotype in multiple ethnicities. Several of the microbe-associated loci were found to be related to immune functions, interact with glutamate and the mucus layer, or be expressed in the gut or brain. Additionally, we found that gut microbes potentially influence cardiometabolic health factors such as BMI, cholesterol, and blood pressure. This provides insight into the relationship of ethnicity and gut microbiota and into the possible causal effects of gut microbes on cardiometabolic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Boulund
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diogo M Bastos
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Ferwerda
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bert-Jan van den Born
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sara-Joan Pinto-Sietsma
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henrike Galenkamp
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; HorAIzon BV, 2645 LT Delfgauw, the Netherlands
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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13
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Abstract
Human genetic variation associates with the composition of the gut microbiome, yet its influence on clinical traits remains largely unknown. We analyzed the consequences of nearly a thousand gut microbiome-associated variants (MAVs) on phenotypes reported in electronic health records from tens of thousands of individuals. We discovered and replicated associations of MAVs with neurological, metabolic, digestive, and circulatory diseases. Five significant MAVs in these categories correlate with the relative abundance of microbes down to the strain level. We also demonstrate that these relationships are independently observed and concordant with microbe by disease associations reported in case-control studies. Moreover, a selective sweep and population differentiation impacted some disease-linked MAVs. Combined, these findings establish triad relationships among the human genome, microbiome, and disease. Consequently, human genetic influences may offer opportunities for precision diagnostics of microbiome-associated diseases but also highlight the relevance of genetic background for microbiome modulation and therapeutics.
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14
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Uncertainty, insightful ignorance, and curiosity: Improving future food science research. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Trinh S, Keller L, Seitz J. [The Gut Microbiome and Its Clinical Implications in Anorexia Nervosa]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2021; 50:227-237. [PMID: 34668396 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Gut Microbiome and Its Clinical Implications in Anorexia Nervosa Abstract. The diverse interactions of the gut microbiome with the metabolism, the immune system, and the brain of the host are increasingly becoming to the forefront of relevant research. Studies suggest a connection between an altered intestinal microbiome and somatic diseases, such as colitis ulcerosa, Crohn's disease, and diabetes, as well as mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression. Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) also show significant changes in their gut microbiome which seem to be associated, among other things, with a different energy uptake from food, immunological and inflammatory processes, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, and possibly increased intestinal permeability. In rats, stool transplantation from patients with AN resulted in decreased appetite and weight as well as anxious and compulsive behavior. In this review, we summarize the possible mechanisms of interaction between the microbiome and the host, and present initial findings on the microbiome in AN. Research on nutritional interventions, for example, with prebiotics and probiotics or nutritional supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids, which aim to positively influence the intestinal microbiome, could lead to additional treatment options in the therapy of patients with AN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lara Keller
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen
| | - Jochen Seitz
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen
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16
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Pu A, Lee DSW, Isho B, Naouar I, Gommerman JL. The Impact of IgA and the Microbiota on CNS Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:742173. [PMID: 34603329 PMCID: PMC8479159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although anatomically distant from the central nervous system (CNS), gut-derived signals can dynamically regulate both peripheral immune cells and CNS-resident glial cells to modulate disease. Recent discoveries of specific microbial taxa and microbial derived metabolites that modulate neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration have provided mechanistic insight into how the gut may modulate the CNS. Furthermore, the participation of the gut in regulation of peripheral and CNS immune activity introduces a potential therapeutic target. This review addresses emerging literature on how the microbiome can affect glia and circulating lymphocytes in preclinical models of human CNS disease. Critically, this review also discusses how the host may in turn influence the microbiome, and how this may impact CNS homeostasis and disease, potentially through the production of IgA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer L. Gommerman
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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17
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Nogal B, Blumberg JB, Blander G, Jorge M. Gut Microbiota-Informed Precision Nutrition in the Generally Healthy Individual: Are We There Yet? Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab107. [PMID: 34514287 PMCID: PMC8421235 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since next generation sequencing facilitated high-throughput and cost-efficient genomics analyses, the human gut metagenome has become an emerging frontier to explore toward precision nutrition. Significant progress has been made in identifying gut microbial features associated with a wide spectrum of human disease. However, other than a few microbiome-disease relations, there is a dearth of confirmed causal inferences, particularly in generally healthy populations. The relatively high unexplained variability in microbiome compositions in this group warrants caution in applying this complex biomarker toward precision nutrition, because our understanding of what constitutes a healthy microbiome is still rudimentary. Although gut microbiota harbor integrated environmental and host-specific information with the potential to facilitate personalized nutritional and lifestyle advice, these data cannot yet be confidently interpreted toward precise recommendations. Thus, nutritional advice for generally healthy individuals based on personal microbiome composition analysis might not yet be appropriate unless accompanied by established blood and physiological biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey B Blumberg
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Biegański P, Szczupak Ł, Arruebo M, Kowalski K. Brief survey on organometalated antibacterial drugs and metal-based materials with antibacterial activity. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:368-386. [PMID: 34458790 PMCID: PMC8341851 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00218f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising bacterial antibiotic resistance is a global threat. To deal with it, new antibacterial agents and antiseptic materials need to be developed. One alternative in this quest is the organometallic derivatization of well-established antibacterial drugs and also the fabrication of advanced metal-based materials having antibacterial properties. Metal-based agents and materials often show new modes of antimicrobial action which enable them to overcome drug resistance in pathogenic bacterial strains. This review summarizes recent (2017-2020) progress in the field of organometallic-derived antibacterial drugs and metal-based materials having antibacterial activity. Specifically, it covers organometallic derivatives of antibacterial drugs including β-lactams, ciprofloxacin, isoniazid, trimethoprim, sulfadoxine, sulfamethoxazole, and ethambutol as well as non-antibacterial drugs like metformin, phenformin and aspirin. Recent advances and reported clinical trials in the use of metal-based nanomaterials as antibiofouling coatings on medical devices, as photocatalytic agents in indoor air pollutant control, and also as photodynamic/photothermal antimicrobial agents are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Biegański
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland +48-42-635-5759
| | - Łukasz Szczupak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland +48-42-635-5759
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro - Edificio I + D, C/Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N 50018 Zaragoza Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland +48-42-635-5759
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Wang JM, Yang MX, Wu QF, Chen J, Deng SF, Chen L, Wei DN, Liang FR. Improvement of intestinal flora: accompany with the antihypertensive effect of electroacupuncture on stage 1 hypertension. Chin Med 2021; 16:7. [PMID: 33413552 PMCID: PMC7792359 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence have indicated the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and hypertension. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the electroacupuncture (EA) on intestinal microbiota in patients with stage 1 hypertension. METHODS 93 hypertensive patients and 15 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Applying a highly accurate oscillometric device to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of EA. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to profile stool microbial communities from Healthy group, Before treatment (BT) group and After treatment (AT) group, and various multivariate analysis approaches were used to assess diversity, composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota. RESULTS In this study, EA significantly decreased the blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive patients. Higher abundance of Firmicutes and lower Bacteroidetes abundance were observed in the BT group compared to the Healthy group. And EA treatment significantly decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio compared to the BT group. Moreover, at the genus level, there was an increased abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in patients with hypertension, while Blautia were decreased, and EA reversed these changes. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that EA can effectively lower BP and improve the structure of intestinal microbiota which are correlate with the alteration of blood pressure by electroacupuncture. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrial.gov, NCT01701726. Registered 5 October 2012, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01701726.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Meng Wang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37, Road Shi-Er-Qiao, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Xiao Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Hai yuan Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518053, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiao-Feng Wu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37, Road Shi-Er-Qiao, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China. .,Institute of Acupuncture and Homeostasis Regulation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ji Chen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37, Road Shi-Er-Qiao, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Shu-Fang Deng
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37, Road Shi-Er-Qiao, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37, Road Shi-Er-Qiao, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Da-Neng Wei
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37, Road Shi-Er-Qiao, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Fan-Rong Liang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37, Road Shi-Er-Qiao, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
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