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Tung YT, Chen YC, Derr K, Wilson K, Song MJ, Ferrer M. A 3D Bioprinted Human Neurovascular Unit Model of Glioblastoma Tumor Growth. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302831. [PMID: 38394389 PMCID: PMC11176035 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
A 3D bioprinted neurovascular unit (NVU) model is developed to study glioblastoma (GBM) tumor growth in a brain-like microenvironment. The NVU model includes human primary astrocytes, pericytes and brain microvascular endothelial cells, and patient-derived glioblastoma cells (JHH-520) are used for this study. Fluorescence reporters are used with confocal high content imaging to quantitate real-time microvascular network formation and tumor growth. Extensive validation of the NVU-GBM model includes immunostaining for brain relevant cellular markers and extracellular matrix components; single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to establish physiologically relevant transcriptomics changes; and secretion of NVU and GBM-relevant cytokines. The scRNAseq reveals changes in gene expression and cytokines secretion associated with wound healing/angiogenesis, including the appearance of an endothelial mesenchymal transition cell population. The NVU-GBM model is used to test 18 chemotherapeutics and anti-cancer drugs to assess the pharmacological relevance of the model and robustness for high throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ting Tung
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Kristy Derr
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Kelli Wilson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Min Jae Song
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Marc Ferrer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
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2
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Odeh DM, Allam HA, Baselious F, Mahmoud WR, Odeh MM, Ibrahim HS, Abdel-Aziz HA, Mohammed ER. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of dinaciclib and CAN508 hybrids as CDK inhibitors. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22193. [PMID: 38685605 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The scaffolds of two known CDK inhibitors (CAN508 and dinaciclib) were the starting point for synthesizing two series of pyarazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines to obtain potent inhibitors with proper selectivity. The study presented four promising compounds; 10d, 10e, 16a, and 16c based on cytotoxic studies. Compound 16a revealed superior activity in the preliminary anticancer screening with GI % = 79.02-99.13 against 15 cancer cell lines at 10 μM from NCI full panel 60 cancer cell lines and was then selected for further investigation. Furthermore, the four compounds revealed good safety profile toward the normal cell lines WI-38. These four compounds were subjected to CDK inhibitory activity against four different isoforms. All of them showed potent inhibition against CDK5/P25 and CDK9/CYCLINT. Compound 10d revealed the best activity against CDK5/P25 (IC50 = 0.063 µM) with proper selectivity index against CDK1 and CDK2. Compound 16c exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against CDK9/CYCLINT (IC50 = 0.074 µM) with good selectivity index against other isoforms. Finally, docking simulations were performed for compounds 10e and 16c accompanied by molecular dynamic simulations to understand their behavior in the active site of the two CDKs with respect to both CAN508 and dinaciclib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Odeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Fady Baselious
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Walaa R Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohanad M Odeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Hany S Ibrahim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Eman R Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Teng CLJ, Cheng PT, Cheng YC, Tsai JR, Chen MC, Lin H. Dinaciclib inhibits the growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells through either cell cycle-related or ERK1/STAT3/MYC pathways. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 96:105768. [PMID: 38135130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Although immature differentiation and uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells are thought to be the primary mechanisms of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the pathophysiology in most cases remains unclear. Dinaciclib, a selective small molecule targeting multiple cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), is currently being evaluated in oncological clinical trials. Despite the proven anticancer potential of dinaciclib, the differential molecular mechanisms by which it inhibits the growth of different AML cell lines remain unclear. In the current study, we treated HL-60 and KG-1 AML cell lines with dinaciclib and investigated the potential mechanisms of dinaciclib-induced AML cell growth inhibition using flow cytometry and western blotting assays. Data from HL-60 and KG-1 AML cells were validated using human primary AML cells. The results showed that the growth inhibitory effect of dinaciclib was more sensitive in HL-60 cells (IC50: 8.46 nM) than in KG-1 cells (IC50: 14.37 nM). The protein decline in Cyclin A/B and CDK1 and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase were more profound in HL-60 cells, corresponding to its growth inhibition. Although the growth inhibition of KG-1 cells by dinaciclib was still pronounced, the cell cycle-associated proteins were relatively insensitive. In addition to cell cycle regulation, the activation/expression of ERK1/STAT3/MYC signaling was significantly reduced by dinaciclib in KG-1 cells compared with that in HL-60 cells. Regarding the results of primary AML cells, we observed ERK1/STAT3/MYC inhibition and cell cycle regulation in different patients. These findings suggest that the cell cycle-associated and ERK1/STAT3/MYC signaling pathways might be two distinct mechanisms by which dinaciclib inhibits AML cells, which could facilitate the development of combination therapy for AML in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Ting Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiao Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rung Tsai
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chih Chen
- Translational Cell Therapy Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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4
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Ibrahim BT, Allam HA, El-Dydamony NM, Fouad MA, Mohammed ER. Exploring new quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives as CDK2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22163. [PMID: 38419305 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, five series of new 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones 4a-c, 5a-d, 6a-g, 7a,b, and 9a-c were designed, synthesized, and screened in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against 60 cancer cell lines by the National Cancer Institute, USA. Five candidates 4c, 6a, 6b, 6d, and 6g revealed promising cytotoxicity with significant percentage growth inhibition in the range of 81.98%-96.45% against the central nervous system (CNS) (SNB-19), melanoma (MDA-MB-435), and non-small cell lung cancer (HOP-62) cell lines. The in vitro cytotoxic half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values for the most active compounds 4c, 6a, 6b, 6d, and 6g against the most sensitive cell lines were evaluated. Additionally, screening their cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitory activity was performed. Ortho-chloro-benzylideneamino derivative 6b emerged as the most potent compound with IC50 = 0.67 µM compared to Roscovitine (IC50 = 0.64 µM). The most active candidates arrested the cell cycle at G1, S phases, or both, leading to cell death and inducing apoptosis against CNS (SNB-19), melanoma (MDA-MB-435), and non-small cell lung cancer (HOP-62) cell lines. The molecular docking study verified the resulting outcomes for the most active candidates in the CDK2-binding pocket. Finally, physicochemical, and pharmacokinetic properties deduced that compounds 4c, 6a, 6b, 6d, and 6g displayed significant drug-likeness properties. According to the obtained results, the newly targeted compounds are regarded as promising scaffolds for the continued development of novel CDK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basant T Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | | | - Nehad M El-Dydamony
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Fouad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, New Giza University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman R Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Dunbar KL, Perlatti B, Liu N, Cornelius A, Mummau D, Chiang YM, Hon L, Nimavat M, Pallas J, Kordes S, Ng HL, Harvey CJB. Resistance gene-guided genome mining reveals the roseopurpurins as inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310522120. [PMID: 37983497 PMCID: PMC10691236 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310522120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
With the significant increase in the availability of microbial genome sequences in recent years, resistance gene-guided genome mining has emerged as a powerful approach for identifying natural products with specific bioactivities. Here, we present the use of this approach to reveal the roseopurpurins as potent inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), a class of cell cycle regulators implicated in multiple cancers. We identified a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) with a putative resistance gene with homology to human CDK2. Using targeted gene disruption and transcription factor overexpression in Aspergillus uvarum, and heterologous expression of the BGC in Aspergillus nidulans, we demonstrated that roseopurpurin C (1) is produced by this cluster and characterized its biosynthesis. We determined the potency, specificity, and mechanism of action of 1 as well as multiple intermediates and shunt products produced from the BGC. We show that 1 inhibits human CDK2 with a Kiapp of 44 nM, demonstrates selectivity for clinically relevant members of the CDK family, and induces G1 cell cycle arrest in HCT116 cells. Structural analysis of 1 complexed with CDK2 revealed the molecular basis of ATP-competitive inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sina Kordes
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, PlaneggD-82152, Germany
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Zaki WA, El-Sayed SM, Alswah M, El-Morsy A, Bayoumi AH, Mayhoub AS, Moustafa WH, Awaji AA, Roh EJ, Hassan AH, Mahmoud K. Design, Synthesis, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies of New N5-Substituted-pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidinone Derivatives as Anticancer CDK2 Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1593. [PMID: 38004458 PMCID: PMC10674233 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CDK2 is a key player in cell cycle processes. It has a crucial role in the progression of various cancers. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two common cancers that affect humans worldwide. The available therapeutic options suffer from many drawbacks including high toxicity and decreased specificity. Therefore, there is a need for more effective and safer therapeutic agents. A series of new pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine analogs was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as anticancer agents against the CRC and HCC cells, HCT116, and HepG2, respectively. Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinone derivatives bearing N5-2-(4-halophenyl) acetamide substituents were identified as the most potent amongst evaluated compounds. Further evaluation of CDK2 kinase inhibition of two potential cytotoxic compounds 4a and 4b confirmed their CDK2 inhibitory activity. Compound 4a was more potent than the reference roscovitine regarding the CDK2 inhibitory activity (IC50 values: 0.21 and 0.25 µM, respectively). In silico molecular docking provided insights into the molecular interactions of compounds 4a and 4b with important amino acids within the ATP-binding site of CDK2 (Ile10, Leu83, and Leu134). Overall, compounds 4a and 4b were identified as interesting CDK2 inhibitors eliciting antiproliferative activity against the CRC and HCC cells, HCT116 and HepG2, respectively, for future further investigations and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed A. Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Selwan M. El-Sayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alswah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Ashraf H. Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Abrahman S. Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Nanoscience Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Walaa H. Moustafa
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 19448, Egypt
| | - Aeshah A. Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College of Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed H.E. Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Kazem Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Egypt
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Ahmad B, Saeed A, Castrosanto MA, Amir Zia M, Farooq U, Abbas Z, Khan S. Identification of natural marine compounds as potential inhibitors of CDK2 using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8506-8516. [PMID: 36300512 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2135594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional enzyme cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) protein is essential for cell proliferation, transcription and modulation of the cell cycle. There is a dysfunction that is connected to various diseases, such as cancer, making it an important treatment target in oncology and beyond. The goal of this study is to identify novel CDK2 ATP binding site inhibitors using in silico drug designing. To find competitive inhibitors for the ATP site, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and free-binding energy calculations were used. Natural compounds retrieved from marine sources (fungi and algae) were docked against protein, and the best-binding compounds were further evaluated using MD simulations. LIG1, LIG2 and LIG3 (ΔGPB = -19.98, -15.82 and -12.98 kcal/mol, respectively) were placed in the top positions based on their overall binding energy calculated using MMPBSA approach. Stability of the complexes was confirmed by carefully analyzing the rmsd and rmsf patterns retrieved from the MD trajectories. Several residues and areas (Leu124, Val123, Phe80, Leu83, Glu81, Arg 126, Asn132, Leu134, Gln131, Lys88 and Glu195) appear to be critical for inhibitor retention across the active pocket, according to RMSD and RMSF. The dynamics of the ligands inside the active pocket were mapped using principle component analysis. It has been observed that LIG1-3 appear to be the best possible inhibitors due to their high binding energies, interaction pattern and retention inside the active pocket.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basharat Ahmad
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Saeed
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Melvin A Castrosanto
- College of Arts and Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Muhammad Amir Zia
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad - Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sara Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad - Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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Kim MY, Kim MJ, Lee C, Lee J, Kim SS, Hong S, Kim HT, Seo J, Yoon KJ, Han S. Trametinib activates endogenous neurogenesis and recovers neuropathology in a model of Alzheimer's disease. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2177-2189. [PMID: 37779138 PMCID: PMC10618442 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing adult neurogenesis in the brain has been suggested as a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. We developed a screening platform, ATRIVIEW®, for molecules that activate neuronal differentiation of adult mouse NSCs. The most potent hit from an FDA-approved drug library was SNR1611 (trametinib), a selective MEK1/2 inhibitor. We found that trametinib increases the levels of P15INK4b and Neurog2, suggesting a mechanism by which MEK1/2 inhibition induces neuronal differentiation. Oral administration of trametinib increased adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and subventricular zone of the 5XFAD AD mouse model. Surprisingly, we also found that trametinib enhanced adult neurogenesis in the cortex. Consequently, trametinib rescued AD pathologies such as neuronal loss and cognitive impairment in 5XFAD mice. Finally, trametinib induced neurogenic differentiation of NSCs derived from AD patient iPSCs, which suggests its potential therapeutic application. Altogether, we suggest that restoration of endogenous adult neurogenesis by trametinib may be a promising therapeutic approach to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Yeon Kim
- Neuroscience Research Center, Genuv Inc., Seoul, 03175, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kim
- Neuroscience Research Center, Genuv Inc., Seoul, 03175, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeob Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Seong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University ERICA, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Hong
- Computational Neuroscience Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Hyoung Tae Kim
- Neuroscience Research Center, Genuv Inc., Seoul, 03175, Republic of Korea
- Shaperon Inc., Seoul, 06373, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Seo
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jun Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST Stem Cell Center, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungho Han
- Neuroscience Research Center, Genuv Inc., Seoul, 03175, Republic of Korea.
- Head Office, Genuv Inc., Seoul, 04520, Republic of Korea.
- Genuv US Subsidiary, Genuv Inc., Cambridge, USA.
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Almansour BS, Binjubair FA, Abdel-Aziz AAM, Al-Rashood ST. Synthesis and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Novel 4-Aryl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-1 H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridines Arrest Cell Cycle and Induce Cell Apoptosis by Inhibiting CDK2 and/or CDK9. Molecules 2023; 28:6428. [PMID: 37687256 PMCID: PMC10490123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Two series of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives, 9a-h and 14a-h, are synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer potency towards Hela, MCF7, and HCT-116 cancer cell lines. Compound 9a showed the highest anticancer activity with IC50 = 2.59 µM against Hela when compared with doxorubicin (IC50 = 2.35 µM). Compound 14g revealed cytotoxicity IC50 = 4.66 and 1.98 µM towards MCF7 and HCT-116 compared to doxorubicin with IC50 = 4.57 and 2.11 µM, respectively. Compound 9a exhibited cell cycle arrest at the S phase for Hela, whereas 14g revealed an arresting cell cycle for MCF7 at G2/M phase and an arresting cell cycle at S phase in HCT-116. In addition, 9a induced a significant level of early and late apoptosis in Hela when compared with the control cells, whereas 14g induced an apoptosis in MCF7 and HCT-116, respectively. Compounds 9a (IC50 = 26.44 ± 3.23 µM) and 14g (IC50 = 21.81 ± 2.96 µM) showed good safety profiles on normal cell line WI-38. Compounds 9a and 14g showed good inhibition activity towards CDK2, with IC50 = 1.630 ± 0.009 and 0.460 ± 0.024 µM, respectively, when compared with ribociclib (IC50 = 0.068 ± 0.004). Furthermore, 9a and 14g showed inhibitory activity towards CDK9 with IC50 = 0.262 ± 0.013 and 0.801 ± 0.041 µM, respectively, related to IC50 of ribociclib = 0.050 ± 0.003. Docking study for 9a and 14g exhibited good fitting in the CDK2 and CDK9 active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma S. Almansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (B.S.A.); (F.A.B.); (A.A.-M.A.-A.)
| | - Faizah A. Binjubair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (B.S.A.); (F.A.B.); (A.A.-M.A.-A.)
| | - Alaa A.-M. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (B.S.A.); (F.A.B.); (A.A.-M.A.-A.)
| | - Sara T. Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (B.S.A.); (F.A.B.); (A.A.-M.A.-A.)
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10
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Abu-Mahfouz A, Ali M, Elfiky A. Anti-breast cancer drugs targeting cell-surface glucose-regulated protein 78: a drug repositioning in silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:7794-7808. [PMID: 36129131 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2125076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is prevalent worldwide and is a leading cause of death among women. However, cell-surface glucose-regulated protein 78 (cs-GRP78) is overexpressed in several types of cancer and during pathogen infections. This study examines two well-known BC drugs approved by the FDA as BC treatments to GRP78. The first type consists of inhibitors of cyclin-based kinases 4/6, including abemaciclib, palbociclib, ribociclib, and dinaciclib. In addition, tunicamycin, and doxorubicin, which are among the most effective anticancer drugs for early and late-stage BC, are tested against GRP78. As (-)-epiGallocatechin gallate inhibits GRP78, it is also being evaluated (used as positive control). Thus, using molecular dynamics simulation approaches, this study aims to examine the advantages of targeting GRP78, which represents a promising cancer therapy regime. In light of recent advances in computational drug response prediction models, this study aimed to examine the benefits of GRP78 targeting, which represents a promising cancer therapy regime, by utilizing combined molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches. The simulated protein (50 ns) was docked with the drugs, then a second round of dynamics simulation was performed for 100 ns. After that, the binding free energies were calculated from 30 to 100 ns for each complex during the simulation period. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of abemaciclib, ribociclib, and tunicamycin in binding to the nucleotide-binding domain of the GRP78, paving the way for elucidating the mode of interactions between these drugs and cancer (and other stressed) cells that overexpress GRP78.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abu-Mahfouz
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Ali
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdo Elfiky
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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11
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El-Gazzar MG, El-Gazzar MG, Ghorab MM. Quinazolinone derivatives as new potential CDK4/6 inhibitors, apoptosis inducers and radiosensitizers for breast cancer. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1133-1147. [PMID: 37529897 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Targeting CDK4/6 has advanced breast cancer treatment. Herein, new quinazolinones were synthesized with acetamide linkers as potential anti-breast cancer agents. Methods & results: In vitro cytotoxic evaluation on human breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) identified 1,3-benzodioxole (5d) to be of the highest potency. It showed good inhibitory activity on CDK4/6. Compound 5d arrested the cell cycle at the G1-phase, caused induction of early and late apoptosis in an Annexin V-FITC assay, led to an increase in the level of caspase-3 and upregulated Bax expression and downregulated Bcl-2 in MCF7 cells. Compound 5d showed good radiosensitizing activity when combined with a single dose of 8-Gy γ-radiation. Conclusion: This study introduces quinazolinone scaffolds as new CDK4/6 inhibitors for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Gm El-Gazzar
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Marwa G El-Gazzar
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Ghorab
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 11787, Egypt
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12
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Tantawy MA, Shalby AB, Barnawi IO, Kattan SW, Abd-Rabou AA, Elmegeed GA. Anti-cancer activity, and molecular docking of novel hybrid heterocyclic steroids revealed promising anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agent: Implication of cyclin dependent kinase-2 pathway. Steroids 2023; 193:109187. [PMID: 36736802 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To identify new steroidal agents with potential biological activities, we synthesized hybrid steroids containing thiazole, pyrazole, isoxazole, thiophene or phthalazine moiety. Epi-androsterone 1 reacted with phenylthiosemicarbazide to afford the corresponding androstane-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone derivative 2. The latter product was used in the synthesis of a series of annulated steroid derivatives. Also, Epi-androsterone 1 reacted with the thienopyridazine derivative 16 to afford the thieno[3,4-d]pyridazino-N-ylidenoandrostane derivative 17. Compound 17 reacted readily with electron-poor olefins to yield the corresponding phthalazine steroid derivatives. Detailed experimental and spectroscopic evidences for the structures of the newly synthesized compounds are explained. Compounds 3, 7, 8a, 12a, 14, 17 and 21a, were investigated individually as anticancer agents on different panel of human malignant cell lines. Moreover, a computer modelling investigation was performed to speculate the macromolecular targets for the most promising candidate. The results revealed a concentration-dependent reduction in the number of viable cells in all cancer cell lines. Most notably, compound 7 was the most effective compound against all tested cancer cell lines, especially against HepG2 cell line; therefore, the mode of action of this compound against HCC was investigated. Compound 7 was able to induce cell cycle arrest, and DNA fragmentation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, compound 7 induced apoptosis via upregulating the expression of caspase-3, -8, -9, P53, Bax and inhibiting the expression of BCL2, and CDK2 genes. Our results highlighted compound 7 as a promising anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agent, with theoretical, and practical potential binding affinity with CDK2; therefore, more investigations are required to elucidate its chemotherapeutic value as anti-HCC agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Aziza B Shalby
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Omar Barnawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, 41321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad W Kattan
- Medical Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Abd-Rabou
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Elmegeed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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13
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Qian X, Zhou C, Wang F, Lu X, Zhang Y, Chen L, Zeng M. Development and validation of combined Ki67 status prediction model for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on clinicoradiological features and MRI radiomics. LA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA 2023; 128:274-288. [PMID: 36773271 PMCID: PMC10020304 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-023-01597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Incidence and mortality of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have been increasing over the past few decades, and Ki67 is an adverse prognostic predictor and an attractive therapeutic target for ICC patients. Thus, we aim to develop and validate a combined Ki67 prediction model for ICC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative contrast-enhanced MR images were collected from 178 patients with postoperative pathologically confirmed ICC, and randomly divided into training and validation cohorts in a ratio of 7:3 (124:54). A time-independent test cohort of 49 ICC patients was used for validation. Independent clinicoradiological features of Ki67 status were determined by multivariate analysis. Optimal radiomics features were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression and linear discriminant analysis was used to construct combined models. The prediction efficacy of combined model was assessed by receiver operating characteristics curve, and verified by its calibration, decision and clinical impact curves. RESULTS HBV (p = 0.022), arterial rim enhancement (p = 0.006) and enhancement pattern (p = 0.012) are independent clinicoradiological features. The radiomics model achieves good prediction efficacy in the training cohort (AUC = 0.860) and validation cohort (AUC = 0.843). The combined Ki67 prediction model incorporates clinicoradiological and radiomics features, and it yields desirable predictive efficiency in test cohort (AUC = 0.815). Decision curves and clinical impact curves further validate that the combined Ki67 prediction model can achieve net benefits in clinical work. CONCLUSION The combined Ki67 model incorporating HBV, arterial rim enhancement, enhancement pattern and radiomics features is a potential biomarker in Ki67 prediction and stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianling Qian
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Changwu Zhou
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Fang Wang
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, No.701 Yunjin Rd, Shanghai, 200232 China
| | - Xin Lu
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.497849.fCentral Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, No.2258 Chengbei Rd, Shanghai, 201807 China
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, No.701 Yunjin Rd, Shanghai, 200232 China
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032 China
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14
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Arsenijevic T, Coulonval K, Raspé E, Demols A, Roger PP, Van Laethem JL. CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Pancreatobiliary Cancers: Opportunities and Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:968. [PMID: 36765923 PMCID: PMC9913743 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing treatment strategies for pancreatobiliary malignancies are limited. Nowadays, surgery is the only path to cure these types of cancer, but only a small number of patients present with resectable tumors at the time of diagnosis. The notoriously poor prognosis, lack of diverse treatment options associated with pancreaticobiliary cancers, and their resistance to current therapies reflect the urge for the development of novel therapeutic targets. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have emerged as an attractive therapeutic strategy in a number of cancers since their approval for treatment in patients with ER+/HER- breast cancer in combination with antiestrogens. In this article, we discuss the therapeutic potential of CDK4/6 inhibitors in pancreatobiliary cancers, notably cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Arsenijevic
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Oncology, HUB Bordet Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katia Coulonval
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (Iribhm), ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-crc), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Raspé
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (Iribhm), ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-crc), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Demols
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Oncology, HUB Bordet Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre P. Roger
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (Iribhm), ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-crc), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Van Laethem
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Oncology, HUB Bordet Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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15
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Dougherty J, Harvey K, Liou A, Labella K, Moran D, Brosius S, De Raedt T. Identification of therapeutic sensitivities in a spheroid drug combination screen of Neurofibromatosis Type I associated High Grade Gliomas. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277305. [PMID: 36730269 PMCID: PMC9894422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) patients develop an array of benign and malignant tumors, of which Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNST) and High Grade Gliomas (HGG) have a dismal prognosis. About 15-20% of individuals with NF1 develop brain tumors and one third of these occur outside of the optic pathway. These non-optic pathway gliomas are more likely to progress to malignancy, especially in adults. Despite their low frequency, high grade gliomas have a disproportional effect on the morbidity of NF1 patients. In vitro drug combination screens have not been performed on NF1-associated HGG, hindering our ability to develop informed clinical trials. Here we present the first in vitro drug combination screen (21 compounds alone or in combination with MEK or PI3K inhibitors) on the only human NF1 patient derived HGG cell line available and on three mouse glioma cell lines derived from the NF1-P53 genetically engineered mouse model, which sporadically develop HGG. These mouse glioma cell lines were never exposed to serum, grow as spheres and express markers that are consistent with an Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell (OPC) lineage origin. Importantly, even though the true cell of origin for HGG remains elusive, they are thought to arise from the OPC lineage. We evaluated drug sensitivities of the three murine glioma cell lines in a 3D spheroid growth assay, which more accurately reflects drug sensitivities in vivo. Excitingly, we identified six compounds targeting HDACs, BRD4, CHEK1, BMI-1, CDK1/2/5/9, and the proteasome that potently induced cell death in our NF1-associated HGG. Moreover, several of these inhibitors work synergistically with either MEK or PI3K inhibitors. This study forms the basis for further pre-clinical evaluation of promising targets, with an eventual hope to translate these to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Dougherty
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kyra Harvey
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Angela Liou
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Katherine Labella
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Deborah Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Brosius
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department or Neurology, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Fan W, Wang C, Zhong X, Zheng Y, Chen T, Huang M, Su S. A Refractory Case of CDKN2A/B Loss Metastatic Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Achieving a Partial Response After First-Line Treatment with Palbociclib. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:23-29. [PMID: 36698435 PMCID: PMC9869796 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s390458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly aggressive and malignant subtype of biliary duct tumors. The poor prognosis of advanced ICC brings great challenges to clinical treatment, and chemotherapy-based therapy remains the standard first-line regimen. In recent years, the development of clinical research on targeted therapy for biliary duct tumors has brought new strategies for clinical treatment, but the targets are limited. Herein, we reported a 68-year-old patient with metastasis ICC harboring CDKN2A/B loss, who achieved a partial response (PR) after the first-line treatment with a cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor called palbociclib, and no obvious side effects were observed. As of the latest follow-up time, the progression-free survival (PFS) had lasted for 20 months. This case reveals the molecular characteristic of ICC patients who respond to palbociclib treatment and illustrates the importance of performing a multiple-gene panel test in ICC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Fan
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhong
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yating Zheng
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Chen
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengli Huang
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuying Su
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Shuying Su, Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, No. 81 North Lingnan Avenue, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email
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17
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Jiang L, Wen C, Zhou H, Liu A, Zhang H, Chen X, Ding W, Liu J, Shi X. Cyclin-dependent kinase 7/9 inhibitor SNS-032 induces apoptosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:319-327. [PMID: 35332847 PMCID: PMC8959513 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2055421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 40% of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are refractory or relapse to standard chemotherapy, and most of them are activated B cell-like DLBCLs (ABC-DLBCL) and germinal center B cell-like DLBCLs (GCB-DLBCL). SNS-032, a novel and selective CDK7/9 inhibitor, that the first phase clinical trials approved by US FDA for cancer treatment have been completed. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of SNS-032 in ABC- and GCB-DLBCL subtypes. We report that SNS-032 induced growth inhibition and cell apoptosis in both DLBCL cells in vitro, and inhibited the growth of both DLBCL xenografts in nude mice. Mechanistically, SNS-032 inhibited RNA polymerase II, which led to transcriptional-dependent suppression of NF-κB signaling pathway and its downstream targets involved in cell survival; SNS-032 also downregulates BCL-2 and c-MYC in both mRNA and protein levels. Significantly, these findings provide pre-clinical evidence for application of targeting the CDK7/9 in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Jiang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Aochu Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Haichuan Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Xinmei Chen
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Wa Ding
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Jinbao Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Xianping Shi
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradatio, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou P.R. China
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18
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Dong P, Gassler N, Taheri M, Baniahmad A, Dilmaghani NA. A review on the role of cyclin dependent kinases in cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:325. [PMID: 36266723 PMCID: PMC9583502 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) class of serine/threonine kinases has crucial roles in the regulation of cell cycle transition and is mainly involved in the pathogenesis of cancers. The expression of CDKs is controlled by a complex regulatory network comprised of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, which are dysregulated during the progression of cancer. The abnormal activation of CDKs results in uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation and the induction of cancer stem cell characteristics. The levels of CDKs can be utilized to predict the prognosis and treatment response of cancer patients, and further understanding of the function and underlying mechanisms of CDKs in human tumors would pave the way for future cancer therapies that effectively target CDKs. Defects in the regulation of cell cycle and mutations in the genes coding cell-cycle regulatory proteins lead to unrestrained proliferation of cells leading to formation of tumors. A number of treatment modalities have been designed to combat dysregulation of cell cycle through affecting expression or activity of CDKs. However, effective application of these methods in the clinical settings requires recognition of the role of CDKs in the progression of each type of cancer, their partners, their interactions with signaling pathways and the effects of suppression of these kinases on malignant features. Thus, we designed this literature search to summarize these findings at cellular level, as well as in vivo and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nikolaus Gassler
- Section of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Nader Akbari Dilmaghani
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Lim JJ, Hooi L, Dan YY, Bonney GK, Zhou L, Chow PKH, Chee CE, Toh TB, Chow EKH. Rational drug combination design in patient-derived avatars reveals effective inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma with proteasome and CDK inhibitors. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:249. [PMID: 35971164 PMCID: PMC9377092 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02436-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains difficult to treat due to limited effective treatment options. While the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has shown promising preclinical activity in HCC, clinical trials of bortezomib showed no advantage over the standard-of-care treatment sorafenib, highlighting the need for more clinically relevant therapeutic strategies. Here, we propose that rational drug combination design and validation in patient-derived HCC avatar models such as patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and organoids can improve proteasome inhibitor-based therapeutic efficacy and clinical potential.
Methods
HCC PDXs and the corresponding PDX-derived organoids (PDXOs) were generated from primary patient samples for drug screening and efficacy studies. To identify effective proteasome inhibitor-based drug combinations, we applied a hybrid experimental-computational approach, Quadratic Phenotypic Optimization Platform (QPOP) on a pool of nine drugs comprising proteasome inhibitors, kinase inhibitors and chemotherapy agents. QPOP utilizes small experimental drug response datasets to accurately identify globally optimal drug combinations.
Results
Preliminary drug screening highlighted the increased susceptibility of HCC PDXOs towards proteasome inhibitors. Through QPOP, the combination of second-generation proteasome inhibitor ixazomib (Ixa) and CDK inhibitor dinaciclib (Dina) was identified to be effective against HCC. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the synergistic pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative activity of Ixa + Dina against HCC PDXs and PDXOs. Furthermore, Ixa + Dina outperformed sorafenib in mitigating tumor formation in mice. Mechanistically, increased activation of JNK signaling mediates the combined anti-tumor effects of Ixa + Dina in HCC tumor cells.
Conclusions
Rational drug combination design in patient-derived avatars highlights the therapeutic potential of proteasome and CDK inhibitors and represents a feasible approach towards developing more clinically relevant treatment strategies for HCC.
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20
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Hu J, Gao J, Fang X, Liu Z, Wang F, Huang W, Wu H, Zhao G. DTSyn: a dual-transformer-based neural network to predict synergistic drug combinations. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6652782. [PMID: 35915050 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug combination therapies are superior to monotherapy for cancer treatment in many ways. Identifying novel drug combinations by screening is challenging for the wet-lab experiments due to the time-consuming process of the enormous search space of possible drug pairs. Thus, computational methods have been developed to predict drug pairs with potential synergistic functions. Notwithstanding the success of current models, understanding the mechanism of drug synergy from a chemical-gene-tissue interaction perspective lacks study, hindering current algorithms from drug mechanism study. Here, we proposed a deep neural network model termed DTSyn (Dual Transformer encoder model for drug pair Synergy prediction) based on a multi-head attention mechanism to identify novel drug combinations. We designed a fine-granularity transformer encoder to capture chemical substructure-gene and gene-gene associations and a coarse-granularity transformer encoder to extract chemical-chemical and chemical-cell line interactions. DTSyn achieved the highest receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.73, 0.78. 0.82 and 0.81 on four different cross-validation tasks, outperforming all competing methods. Further, DTSyn achieved the best True Positive Rate (TPR) over five independent data sets. The ablation study showed that both transformer encoder blocks contributed to the performance of DTSyn. In addition, DTSyn can extract interactions among chemicals and cell lines, representing the potential mechanisms of drug action. By leveraging the attention mechanism and pretrained gene embeddings, DTSyn shows improved interpretability ability. Thus, we envision our model as a valuable tool to prioritize synergistic drug pairs with chemical and cell line gene expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Baidu, Inc., 701, Na Xian Road, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Baidu, Inc., 701, Na Xian Road, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Fang
- Baidu, Inc., Xue Fu Road, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zijing Liu
- Baidu, Inc., Xue Fu Road, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Baidu, Inc., Xue Fu Road, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weili Huang
- HWL Consulting LLC, 3328 Antigua Dr, 97408, Oregon, US
| | - Hua Wu
- Baidu, Inc., No. 10 Shangdi 10th Street, 100085, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- Baidu, Inc., 701, Na Xian Road, 201210, Shanghai, China
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21
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Sofi S, Mehraj U, Qayoom H, Aisha S, Almilaibary A, Alkhanani M, Mir MA. Targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) in cancer: molecular docking and dynamic simulations of potential CDK1 inhibitors. Med Oncol 2022; 39:133. [PMID: 35723742 PMCID: PMC9207877 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle dysregulation is a characteristic hallmark of malignancies, which results in uncontrolled cell proliferation and eventual tumor formation. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is a member of the family of cell cycle regulatory proteins involved in cell cycle maintenance. Given that overexpression of CDK1 has been associated with cancer, CDK1 inhibitors may restore equilibrium to the skewed cell cycle system and operate as an effective therapeutic drug. This study aimed to identify and classify inhibitors having a higher affinity for CDK1 and also evaluate the expression pattern and prognostic relevance of CDK1 in a wide range of cancers. We investigated therapeutic molecules structurally similar to dinaciclib for their ability to inhibit CDK1 selectively. To assess the therapeutic potential of screened Dinaciclib analogs, we used drug likeliness analysis, molecular docking, and simulation analysis. CDK1 was found to be highly upregulated across several malignancies and is associated with poor overall and relapse-free survival. Molecular docking and dynamics evaluation identified two novel dinaciclib analogs as potent CDK1 inhibitors with high binding affinity and stability compared to dinaciclib. The results indicate that increased CDK1 expression is associated with decreased OS and RFS. Additionally, dinaciclib analogs are prospective replacements for dinaciclib since they exhibit increased binding affinity, consistent with MDS findings, and have acceptable ADMET qualities. The discovery of new compounds may pave the road for their future application in cancer prevention through basic, preclinical, and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Sofi
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Umar Mehraj
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Hina Qayoom
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Shariqa Aisha
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Abdullah Almilaibary
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, 65511, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustfa Alkhanani
- Emergency Service Department, College of Applied Science, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, 13713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India.
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22
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Suppramote O, Prasopporn S, Aroonpruksakul S, Ponvilawan B, Makjaroen J, Suntiparpluacha M, Korphaisarn K, Charngkaew K, Chanwat R, Pisitkun T, Okada S, Sampattavanich S, Jirawatnotai S. The Acquired Vulnerability Caused by CDK4/6 Inhibition Promotes Drug Synergism Between Oxaliplatin and Palbociclib in Cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:877194. [PMID: 35664774 PMCID: PMC9157389 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.877194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the most difficult to treat cancers, and its nature of being largely refractory to most, if not all, current treatments results in generally poor prognosis and high mortality. Efficacious alternative therapies that can be used ubiquitously are urgently needed. Using acquired vulnerability screening, we observed that CCA cells that reprofile and proliferate under CDK4/6 inhibition became vulnerable to ribosomal biogenesis stress and hypersensitive to the anti-ribosome chemotherapy oxaliplatin. CCA cells overexpress the oncogenic ribosomal protein RPL29 under CDK4/6 inhibition in a manner that correlated with CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance. Depletion of RPL29 by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) restored the sensitivity of CCA cells to CDK4/6 inhibition. Oxaliplatin treatment suppressed the RPL29 expression in the CDK4/6 inhibitor treated CCA cells and triggered RPL5/11-MDM2-dependent p53 activation and cancer apoptosis. In addition, we found that combination treatment with oxaliplatin and the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib synergistically inhibited both parental and CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant CCA, and prevented the emergence of CDK4/6 and oxaliplatin-resistant CCA. This drug combination also exerted suppressive and apoptosis effects on CCA in the in vitro 3-dimensional culture, patient-derived organoid, and in vivo xenograft CCA models. These results suggest the combination of the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and the anti-ribosome drug oxaliplatin as a potentially promising treatment for cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orawan Suppramote
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Prasopporn
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Satinee Aroonpruksakul
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ben Ponvilawan
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiradej Makjaroen
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Monthira Suntiparpluacha
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krittiya Korphaisarn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Komgrid Charngkaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rawisak Chanwat
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Somponnat Sampattavanich
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siwanon Jirawatnotai
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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23
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Xu P, Westhoff MA, Hadzalic A, Debatin KM, Winiarski L, Oleksyszyn J, Wirtz CR, Knippschild U, Burster T. Diisothiocyanate-Derived Mercapturic Acids Are a Promising Partner for Combination Therapies in Glioblastoma. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5929-5936. [PMID: 35224353 PMCID: PMC8867792 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma represents the most aggressive tumor of the central nervous system. Due to invasion of glioblastoma stem cells into the healthy tissue, chemoresistance, and recurrence of the tumor, it is difficult to successfully treat glioblastoma patients, which is demonstrated by the low life expectancy of patients after standard therapy treatment. Recently, we found that diisothiocyanate-derived mercapturic acids, which are isothiocyanate derivatives from plants of the Cruciferae family, provoked a decrease in glioblastoma cell viability. These findings were extended by combining diisothiocyanate-derived mercapturic acids with dinaciclib (a small-molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases with anti-proliferative capacity) or temozolomide (TMZ, standard chemotherapeutic agent) to test whether the components have a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells when the dosage is low. Here, we demonstrate that the combination of diisothiocyanate-derived mercapturic acids with dinaciclib or TMZ had an additive or even synergistic effect in the restriction of cell growth dependent on the combination of the components and the glioblastoma cell source. This strategy could be applied to inhibit glioblastoma cell growth as a therapeutic interference of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Department
of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Amina Hadzalic
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukasz Winiarski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego
27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jozef Oleksyszyn
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego
27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Christian Rainer Wirtz
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Ulm University Medical
Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee
7, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department
of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Timo Burster
- Department
of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave. 53, 010000 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Republic
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24
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Ihmaid SK, Aljuhani A, Alsehli M, Rezki N, Alawi A, Aldhafiri AJ, Salama SA, Ahmed HE, Aouad MR. Discovery of triaromatic flexible agents bearing 1,2,3-Triazole with selective and potent anti-breast cancer activity and CDK9 inhibition supported by molecular dynamics. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Qin M, Xin Y, Bian Y, Yang X, Xi T, Xiong J. Phosphorylation-Induced Ubiquitination and Degradation of PXR through CDK2-TRIM21 Axis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020264. [PMID: 35053380 PMCID: PMC8773821 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that is activated by a variety of endogenous metabolites or xenobiotics. Its downstream target genes are involved in metabolism, inflammation and processes closely related to cancer. However, the stability regulation of PXR protein resulting from post-translational modification is still largely undefined. In the present study, primary mouse hepatocytes, hepatoma HepG2 cells and HEK 293T cells were used to investigate gene expression and protein interactions. The role of kinases was evaluated by RNA interference and overexpression constructs with or without PXR phosphorylation site mutations. The activity of CYP3A4 and P-gp was determined by enzymatic and substrate accumulation assays. It was found that E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of PXR and plays an important role in regulating the activity of PXR. On this basis, PXR phosphorylation-associated kinases were evaluated regarding regulation of the stability of PXR. We found cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) exclusively phosphorylates PXR at Ser350, promotes its disassociation with Hsp90/DNAJC7, and leads to subsequent TRIM21-mediated PXR ubiquitination and degradation. As well-known CDK inhibitors, dinaciclib and kenpaullone stabilize PXR and result in elevated expression and activity of PXR-targeted DMETs, including carboxylesterases, CYP3A4 and P-gp. The suppressed degradation of PXR by CDK2 inhibitors denotes dinaciclib-induced promotion of PXR-targeted genes. The findings of CDK2-mediated PXR degradation indicate a wide range of potential drug–drug interactions during clinical cancer therapy using CDK inhibitors and imply an alternative direction for the development of novel PXR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.Q.); (Y.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.Q.); (Y.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yong Bian
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Xuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.Q.); (Y.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Tao Xi
- Research Center of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.Q.); (Y.X.); (X.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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26
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Howard D, James D, Garcia-Parra J, Pan-Castillo B, Worthington J, Williams N, Coombes Z, Rees SC, Lutchman-Singh K, Francis LW, Rees P, Margarit L, Conlan RS, Gonzalez D. Dinaciclib as an effective pan-cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor in platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1014280. [PMID: 36505806 PMCID: PMC9732436 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1014280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is amongst the most lethal of common cancers in women. Lacking in specific symptoms in the early stages, OC is predominantly diagnosed late when the disease has undergone metastatic spread and chemotherapy is relied on to prolong life. Platinum-based therapies are preferred and although many tumors respond initially, the emergence of platinum-resistance occurs in the majority of cases after which prognosis is very poor. Upregulation of DNA damage pathways is a common feature of platinum resistance in OC with cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) serving as key regulators of this process and suggesting that CDK inhibitors (CDKis) could be effective tools in the treatment of platinum resistant and refractory OC. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of CDKis in platinum resistant OC models and serve as a predictor of potential clinical utility. Methods The efficacy of CDKi, dinaciclib, was determined in wildtype and platinum resistant cell line pairs representing different OC subtypes. In addition, dinaciclib was evaluated in primary cells isolated from platinum-sensitive and platinum-refractory tumors to increase the clinical relevance of the study. Results and conclusions Dinaciclib proved highly efficacious in OC cell lines and primary cells, which were over a thousand-fold more sensitive to the CDKi than to cisplatin. Furthermore, cisplatin resistance in these cells did not influence sensitivity to dinaciclib and the two drugs combined additively in both platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant OC cells suggesting a potential role for pan-CDKis (CDKis targeting multiple CDKs), such as dinaciclib, in the treatment of advanced and platinum-resistant OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Howard
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - David James
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Jezabel Garcia-Parra
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Belen Pan-Castillo
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Zoe Coombes
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Colleen Rees
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Bridgend, United Kingdom
| | - Kerryn Lutchman-Singh
- Department of Gynaecology Oncology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis W Francis
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Rees
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Margarit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Bridgend, United Kingdom
| | - R Steven Conlan
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Deyarina Gonzalez
- Reproductive Biology and Gynaecology (RBGO) Group, Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Zhou S, Qu KL, Li JA, Chen SL, Zhang YG, Zhu C, Jin H, Wang Y, Pang Q, Liu HC. YY1 activates EMI2 and promotes the progression of cholangiocarcinoma through the PI3K/Akt signaling axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:699. [PMID: 34933678 PMCID: PMC8693494 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the deadliest cancers of the digestive tract. The prognosis of CCA is poor and the 5-year survival rate is low. Bioinformatic analysis showed that early mitotic inhibitor 2 (EMI2) was overexpressed in CCA but the underlying mechanism is not known. METHODS The data on bile duct carcinoma from TCGA and GEO databases were used to detect the expression of EMI2. The transcription factors of EMI2 were predicted using JASPAR and PROMO databases. Among the predicted transcription factors, YY1 has been rarely reported in cholangiocarcinoma, and was verified using the luciferase reporter gene assay. RT-PCR was performed to predict the downstream pathway of EMI2, and PI3K/Akt was suspected to be associated with it. Subsequently, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to verify the effects of silencing and overexpressing EMI2 and YY1 on the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of the bile duct cancer cells. RESULTS EMI2 was highly expressed in CCA. Silencing EMI2 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CCA cells, arrested cell cycle in the G1 phase, and promoted of apoptosis. The luciferase reporter gene assay showed that YY1 bound to the promoter region of EMI2, and after silencing YY1, the expression of EMI2 decreased and the progression of CCA was inhibited. Moreover, key proteins in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway decreased after silencing EMI2. CONCLUSION EMI2 may be one of the direct targets of YY1 and promotes the progression of CCA through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Kang Lin Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Jin Ang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Shi Lei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Gang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, No. 1868 Dangshan Road, North Second Ring, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Jin
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, No. 1868 Dangshan Road, North Second Ring, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Wang
- The Fourth Department of General Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, No. 1868 Dangshan Road, North Second Ring, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Pang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China.
| | - Hui Chun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China. .,The Fourth Department of General Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, No. 1868 Dangshan Road, North Second Ring, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China.
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28
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Almehmadi SJ, Alsaedi AMR, Harras MF, Farghaly TA. Synthesis of a new series of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines as CDK2 inhibitors and anti-leukemia. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105431. [PMID: 34688130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Based on the structural study of previously known CDK2 inhibitors, a new series of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives was designed and synthesized. The target compounds were biologically assessed as potent CDK2 inhibitors and promising anti-leukemia hits. The 7-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-3-(3-chloro/2-chloro-phenylazo)-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-ylamines 5 h and 5i revealed the best CDK2 inhibitory activity with comparable potency (IC50 = 22 and 24 nM, respectively) to that of dinaciclib (IC50 = 18 nM). Additionally, both analogues showed potent activities against CDK1, CDK5 and CDK9 at nanomolar concentrations (IC50 = 28-80 nM). The anti-leukemia screening of the target compounds showed strong to moderate cytotoxicity against the used leukemia cell lines (MOLT-4 and HL-60). Compound 5 h inhibited MOLT-4 and HL-60 by 1.4 and 2.3 folds (IC50 = 0.93 and 0.80 µM), respectively, compared to dinaciclib (IC50 = 1.30 and 1.84 µM). Furthermore, compound 5i was comparable to dinaciclib against MOLT-4 and exhibited twice its activity against HL-60. Besides, the cytotoxicity of the promising analogues on normal human blood cells indicated the safety of 5h and 5i as compared to the reference dinaciclib. The pharmacokinetic properties of 5h and 5i were predicted using ADME calculations revealing good oral bioavailability and high GI absorption. The molecular docking simulations indicated, as expected, that the dinaciclib analogues can well-accommodate the CDK2 binding site, forming a variety of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar J Almehmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Almukaramah 21514, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani M R Alsaedi
- Department of Chemistry, Collage of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa F Harras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Thoraya A Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
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29
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Privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry: Studies on pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines on sulfonamide containing Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 49:128309. [PMID: 34371130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report for the first time a small series of compounds endowed in vitro with inhibitory properties for the human (h) expressed Carbonic Anhydrase (CAs, E.C. 4.2.1.1) enzymes of physiological interest (i.e. I, II, VA, IX and XII) and bearing the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (PP) scaffold at the tail section. Among the series reported, 1a-3a, 7a, 8a, 1b and 2b resulted effective ligands and with good selectivities for the hCAs II, IX or XII. In consideration of the nearly matching KI values of 7a for both the hCA II and IX (i.e. 26.4 and 23.0 nM respectively) we explored its binding mode within the CA IX mimic isoform by means of X-ray crystal experiments on the corresponding adduct.
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Bezrookove V, Patino JM, Nosrati M, Desprez PY, McAllister S, Soroceanu L, Baron A, Osorio R, Kashani-Sabet M, Dar AA. Niraparib Suppresses Cholangiocarcinoma Tumor Growth by Inducing Oxidative and Replication Stress. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174405. [PMID: 34503215 PMCID: PMC8430987 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and highly aggressive tumor with limited therapeutic options, thus underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches. We analyzed a publicly available CCA patient database to identify mutations in DNA damage response (DDR) genes. Mutations in DDR genes were prevalent, thus rendering these tumors potentially susceptible to poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibition. PARP genes are critical to DNA repair and genomic stability. The role of PARP inhibitors in CCA was investigated by employing a series of in vitro functional assays and in vivo patient-derived xenograft models. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of PARP inhibitors alone or in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent gemcitabine for the treatment of CCA. Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common hepatobiliary cancer, an aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options. PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) 1 and 2 are important for deoxyribonucleotide acid (DNA) repair and maintenance of genomic stability. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) such as niraparib have been approved for different malignancies with genomic alteration in germline BRCA and DNA damage response (DDR) pathway genes. Genomic alterations were analyzed in DDR genes in CCA samples employing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Mutations were observed in various DDR genes, and 35.8% cases had alterations in at least one of three genes (ARID1A, BAP1 and ATM), suggesting their susceptibility to PARPi. Niraparib treatment suppressed cancer cell viability and survival, and also caused G2/M cell cycle arrest in patient-derived xenograft cells lines (PDXC) and established CCA cells harboring DDR gene mutations. PARPi treatment also induced apoptosis and caspase3/7 activity in PDXC and CCA cell lines, and substantially reduced expression of BCL2, BCL-XL and MCL1 proteins. Niraparib caused a significant increase in oxidative stress, and induced activation of DNA damage markers, phosphorylation of CHK2 and replication fork stalling. Importantly, niraparib, in combination with gemcitabine, produced sustained and robust inhibition of tumor growth in vivo in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model more effectively than either treatment alone. Furthermore, tissue samples from mice treated with niraparib and gemcitabine display significantly lower expression levels of pHH3 and Ki-67, which are a mitotic and proliferative marker, respectively. Taken together, our results indicate niraparib as a novel therapeutic agent alone or in combination with gemcitabine for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Altaf A. Dar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-415-600-5909; Fax: +1-415-600-1719
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Rajput A, Thakur A, Rastogi A, Choudhury S, Kumar M. Computational identification of repurposed drugs against viruses causing epidemics and pandemics via drug-target network analysis. Comput Biol Med 2021; 136:104677. [PMID: 34332351 PMCID: PMC8299294 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Viral epidemics and pandemics are considered public health emergencies. However, traditional and novel antiviral discovery approaches are unable to mitigate them in a timely manner. Notably, drug repurposing emerged as an alternative strategy to provide antiviral solutions in a timely and cost-effective manner. In the literature, many FDA-approved drugs have been repurposed to inhibit viruses, while a few among them have also entered clinical trials. Using experimental data, we identified repurposed drugs against 14 viruses responsible for causing epidemics and pandemics such as SARS-CoV-2, SARS, Middle East respiratory syndrome, influenza H1N1, Ebola, Zika, Nipah, chikungunya, and others. We developed a novel computational “drug-target-drug” approach that uses the drug-targets extracted for specific drugs, which are experimentally validated in vitro or in vivo for antiviral activity. Furthermore, these extracted drug-targets were used to fetch the novel FDA-approved drugs for each virus and prioritize them by calculating their confidence scores. Pathway analysis showed that the majority of the extracted targets are involved in cancer and signaling pathways. For SARS-CoV-2, our method identified 21 potential repurposed drugs, of which 7 (e.g., baricitinib, ramipril, chlorpromazine, enalaprilat, etc.) have already entered clinical trials. The prioritized drug candidates were further validated using a molecular docking approach. Therefore, we anticipate success during the experimental validation of our predicted FDA-approved repurposed drugs against 14 viruses. This study will assist the scientific community in hastening research aimed at the development of antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Rajput
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Anamika Thakur
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Amber Rastogi
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shubham Choudhury
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Wu J, Sheng J, Qin H, Cui M, Yang Y, Zhang X. The Application Progress of Patient-Derived Tumor Xenograft Models After Cholangiocarcinoma Surgeries. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628636. [PMID: 34367944 PMCID: PMC8339899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment is the only possible cure for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) at present. However, the high recurrence rate of postoperative CCA leads to a very poor prognosis for patients, effective postoperative chemotherapy is hence the key to preventing the recurrence of CCA. The sensitivity of CCA to cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs and targeted drugs varies from person to person, and therefore, the screening of sensitive drugs has become an important topic after CCA surgeries. Patient-Derived tumor Xenograft models (PDX) can stably retain the genetic and pathological characteristics of primary tumors, and better simulate the tumor microenvironment of CCA. The model is also of great significance in screening therapeutic targeted drugs after CCA, analyzing predictive biomarkers, and improving signal pathways in prognosis and basic research. This paper will review the current established methods and applications of the patient-derived tumor xenograft model of cholangiocarcinoma, aiming to provide new ideas for basic research and individualized treatment of cholangiocarcinoma after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengying Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yu B, Mamedov R, Fuhler GM, Peppelenbosch MP. Drug Discovery in Liver Disease Using Kinome Profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2623. [PMID: 33807722 PMCID: PMC7961955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is one of the most important organs, playing critical roles in maintaining biochemical homeostasis. Accordingly, disease of the liver is often debilitating and responsible for untold human misery. As biochemical nexus, with kinases being master regulators of cellular biochemistry, targeting kinase enzymes is an obvious avenue for treating liver disease. Development of such therapy, however, is hampered by the technical difficulty of obtaining comprehensive insight into hepatic kinase activity, a problem further compounded by the often unique aspects of hepatic kinase activities, which makes extrapolations from other systems difficult. This consideration prompted us to review the current state of the art with respect to kinome profiling approaches towards the hepatic kinome. We observe that currently four different approaches are available, all showing significant promise. Hence we postulate that insight into the hepatic kinome will quickly increase, leading to rational kinase-targeted therapy for different liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maikel P. Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC—University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.Y.); (R.M.); (G.M.F.)
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Waddell SH, Boulter L. Developing models of cholangiocarcinoma to close the translational gap in cancer research. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2021; 30:439-450. [PMID: 33513027 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1882993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive primary liver malignancy with abysmal prognosis and increasing global incidence. Individuals afflicted with CCA often remain asymptomatic until late stages of disease, resulting in very limited possibilities for therapeutic intervention. The emergence of numerous preclinical models in vitro and in vivo has expanded the tool kit for CCA researchers; nonetheless, how these tools can be best applied to understand CCA biology and accelerate drug development requires further scrutiny.Areas covered: The paper reviews the literature on animal and organoid models of CCA (available through PubMed between September 2020 and January 2021) and examines their investigational role in CCA therapeutics. Finally, the potential of these systems for screening therapeutics to improve CCA patient outcomes is illuminated.Expert Opinion: The expansion of CCA models has yielded a diverse and interesting tool kit for preclinical research. However, investigators should consider which tools are best suited to answer key preclinical questions for real progress. A combination of advanced in vitro cell systems and in vivo testing will be necessary to accelerate translational medicine in cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Waddell
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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