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Drake MJ, Daniel SG, Baker LD, Indugu N, Bittinger K, Dickens C, Zackular JP, Pitta D, Redding LE. Effects of dietary zinc on the gut microbiome and resistome of the gestating cow and neonatal calf. Anim Microbiome 2024; 6:39. [PMID: 39030654 PMCID: PMC11264502 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-024-00326-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element required in the diet of all species. While the effects of zinc have been studied in growing calves, little is known about the effect of zinc on the microbiota of the gestating cow or her neonatal calf. Understanding factors that shape the gut health of neonatal animals and evaluating the effect of dietary supplements in adult gestating animals is important in promoting animal health and informing feeding practices. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of dietary zinc on the microbiota and resistome of the gestating cow and calf. Gestating cows received standard (40 ppm) or high (205 ppm) dietary zinc levels from dry off to calving. Fecal samples were collected from cows upon enrollment and at calving and from neonatal calves. Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing and a subset also underwent shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The effect of zinc supplementation on the diversity and composition of the cow and calf microbiome and resistome was assessed. Alpha and beta diversity and composition of the microbiota were significantly altered over time but not by treatment in the cows, with alpha diversity decreasing and 14 genera found at significantly higher relative abundances at calving compared to enrollment. Levels of 27 antimicrobial resistance genes significantly increased over time. Only a small number of taxa were differentially expressed at calving in treatment and control groups, including Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Turicibacter, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. No effect of the dam's treatment group was observed on the diversity or composition of the neonatal calf microbiota. The calf resistome, which was relatively rich and diverse compared to the cow, was also unaffected by the dam's treatment group. The impact of high levels of dietary zinc thus appeared to be minimal, with no observed changes in alpha or beta diversity, and few changes in the relative abundance of a small number of taxa and antimicrobial resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jane Drake
- Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
| | - Scott G Daniel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Linda D Baker
- Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Nagaraju Indugu
- Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Charlene Dickens
- Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Joseph P Zackular
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dipti Pitta
- Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Laurel E Redding
- Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
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2
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Zhou XY, Hu A, Zhou SYD, Huang FY, Kristine Staal Jensen M, Zhao Y, Yan XP, Wan K, Chen QL, Sun Q, Yu CP, Gillings MR, Zhu YG, Su JQ. Reduction in antimicrobial resistance in a watershed after closure of livestock farms. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108846. [PMID: 38925006 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Natural environments play a crucial role in transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Development of methods to manage antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in natural environments are usually limited to the laboratory or field scale, partially due to the complex dynamics of transmission between different environmental compartments. Here, we conducted a nine-year longitudinal profiling of ARGs at a watershed scale, and provide evidence that restrictions on livestock farms near water bodies significantly reduced riverine ARG abundance. Substantial reductions were revealed in the relative abundance of genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides (42%), MLSB (36%), multidrug (55%), tetracyclines (53%), and other gene categories (59%). Additionally, improvements in water quality were observed, with distinct changes in concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus, ammonium, nitrite, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Antibiotic residues and other pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) maintain at a similarly low level. Microbial source tracking demonstrates a significant decrease in swine fecal indicators, while human fecal pollution remains unchanged. These results suggest that the reduction in ARGs was due to a substantial reduction in input of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes from animal excreta. Our findings highlight the watershed as a living laboratory for understanding the dynamics of AMR, and for evaluating the efficacy of environmental regulations, with implications for reducing environmental risks associated with AMR on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Anyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shu-Yi-Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fu-Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Mia Kristine Staal Jensen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qing-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Qian Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chang-Ping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Michael R Gillings
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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3
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Zalewska M, Błażejewska A, Szadziul M, Ciuchciński K, Popowska M. Effect of composting and storage on the microbiome and resistome of cattle manure from a commercial dairy farm in Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:30819-30835. [PMID: 38616224 PMCID: PMC11096248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Manure from food-producing animals, rich in antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), poses significant environmental and healthcare risks. Despite global efforts, most manure is not adequately processed before use on fields, escalating the spread of antimicrobial resistance. This study examined how different cattle manure treatments, including composting and storage, affect its microbiome and resistome. The changes occurring in the microbiome and resistome of the treated manure samples were compared with those of raw samples by high-throughput qPCR for ARGs tracking and sequencing of the V3-V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene to indicate bacterial community composition. We identified 203 ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in raw manure. Post-treatment reduced these to 76 in composted and 51 in stored samples. Notably, beta-lactam, cross-resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B (MLSB), and vancomycin resistance genes decreased, while genes linked to MGEs, integrons, and sulfonamide resistance increased after composting. Overall, total resistance gene abundance significantly dropped with both treatments. During composting, the relative abundance of genes was lower midway than at the end. Moreover, higher biodiversity was observed in samples after composting than storage. Our current research shows that both composting and storage effectively reduce ARGs in cattle manure. However, it is challenging to determine which method is superior, as different groups of resistance genes react differently to each treatment, even though a notable overall reduction in ARGs is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zalewska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Błażejewska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Szadziul
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Ciuchciński
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Popowska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Hu Y, Wei J, Yuan Y, Wei H, Zhou Y, Xiao N, Xiong J, Ren Z, Peng J, Cui C, Zhou Z. Intervention effects of fructooligosaccharide and astragalus polysaccharide, as typical antibiotic alternatives, on antibiotic resistance genes in feces of layer breeding: advantages and defects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133172. [PMID: 38071777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Although antibiotic alternatives are widely used in livestock and poultry breeding industry after in-feed antibiotics ban, their intervention effects on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in these food animals' feces remain poorly understood. Here effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and astragalus polysaccharide (APS), as typical antibiotic alternatives in China, on ARGs in layer feces were estimated by performing metagenomic sequencings and fluorescence quantitative PCR. Fructooligosaccharide significantly reduced sum abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) by increasing Lactobacillus clones and reducing Escherichia clones which had relatively higher abundances of ARG subtypes and MGE subtypes in layer feces. However, at least parts of core ARGs and MGEs categories were not reduced by FOS, such as aminoglycosides- and tetracyclines-resistant genes, Tn916, Integrase, and so on. MGEs and microbiome, especially Escherichia genus and Lactobacillus genus, were the key factors affecting ARGs' sum abundance. MGEs had a higher correlation coefficient with ARGs' sum abundance than Escherichia genus and Lactobacillus genus. These findings firstly reveal the defects of antibiotic alternatives in controlling bacterial resistance in livestock and poultry breeding after in-feed antibiotics ban, and more strategies are needed to control pollutions and risks of core ARGs and MGEs in food animals' feces under a special environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Hu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongze Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuanfei Zhou
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Naidong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhuqing Ren
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, WuHan 430070, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changzheng Cui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhou
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Zhou XY, Zhou SYD, Huang FY, Zhu L, Su JQ. Mapping the profiles and underlying driving mechanisms of the antibiotic resistome and microbiome within a subtropical complex river watershed. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133392. [PMID: 38171204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an escalating global concern, leading to millions of annual deaths worldwide. Human activities can impact antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) prevalence in aquatic ecosystems, but the intricate interplay between anthropogenic disturbances and river system resilience, and their respective contributions to the dynamics of different river segments, remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the antibiotic resistome and microbiome in water and sediment samples from two distinct sub-watersheds within a specific watershed. Results show a decrease in the number of core ARGs downstream in water, while sediments near densely populated areas exhibit an increase. PCoA ordination reveals clear geographic clustering of resistome and microbiome among samples from strong anthropogenic disturbed areas, reservoir areas, and estuary area. Co-occurrence networks highlight a higher connectivity of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in disturbed areas compared to reservoir areas, presenting a threat to densely populated areas. Water quality parameters and antibiotics concentration were the key factors shaping the ARG profiles in sediment samples from urban regions. Overall, our study reveals distinct patterns of ARGs in sediment and water samples, emphasizing the importance of considering both anthropogenic and natural factors in comprehending and managing ARG distribution in river systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shu-Yi-Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fu-Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Longji Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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6
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Yanestria SM, Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Moses IB, Khairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Dameanti FNAEP, Ikaratri R, Pratama JWA, Sigit M, Hasib A, Silaen OSM. Antimicrobial resistance patterns and genes of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chickens in Pasuruan, Indonesia. Open Vet J 2024; 14:759-768. [PMID: 38682147 PMCID: PMC11052610 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Poultry is one of the most prominent sources of Campylobacter jejuni, which is also a major means of transmission to people. Campylobacter jejuni contamination in chicken meat comes from chicken feces because it naturally exists in the intestines of chickens. Aim The purpose of this study is to identify the antibiotic resistance patterns and genes of C. jejuni, which was found in chickens in Pasuruan, Indonesia. Methods The samples used in this study were 200 contents of the small intestine of broiler chickens from 40 farms in Pasuruan Regency. The enriched sample was streaked on the selective media of modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar containing the CCDA selective supplement. Antimicrobial susceptibility test utilizing the Kirby-Bauer diffusion test method in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to detect the (hipO), which encodes the C. jejuni strain, fluoroquinolone resistance (gyrA), beta-lactam resistance (blaOXA-61), and tetracycline resistance (tetO) genes. Results The findings revealed a 14% (28/200) prevalence of C. jejuni in the small intestine of broiler chickens. These isolates showed high resistance to enrofloxacin (92.9%). All isolates (100%) were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate. The PCR results showed all C. jejuni isolates (100%) detected the gyrA gene, 96.4% detected the blaOXA-61 gene, and 50% detected the tetO gene. Conclusion The findings of antimicrobial resistance at a high level from the small intestine of broiler chickens illustrate the potential threat to human health. To lessen the effects now and in the future, coordinated and suitable action is needed, as well as steps to guarantee the poultry industry's economic survival and public health insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Marty Yanestria
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mustofa Helmi Effendi
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Wiwiek Tyasningsih
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Aswin Rafif Khairullah
- Research Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Shendy Canadya Kurniawan
- Master Program of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Specialisation in Molecule, Cell and Organ Functioning, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rosmita Ikaratri
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Balai Besar Veteriner Wates, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Junianto Wika Adi Pratama
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Miarsono Sigit
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Abdullah Hasib
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Otto Sahat Martua Silaen
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Fu Y, Dou Q, Smalla K, Wang Y, Johnson TA, Brandt KK, Mei Z, Liao M, Hashsham SA, Schäffer A, Smidt H, Zhang T, Li H, Stedtfeld R, Sheng H, Chai B, Virta M, Jiang X, Wang F, Zhu Y, Tiedje JM. Gut microbiota research nexus: One Health relationship between human, animal, and environmental resistomes. MLIFE 2023; 2:350-364. [PMID: 38818274 PMCID: PMC10989101 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance is of global public health concern. The gut microbiota harboring diverse commensal and opportunistic bacteria that can acquire resistance via horizontal and vertical gene transfers is considered an important reservoir and sink of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this review, we describe the reservoirs of gut ARGs and their dynamics in both animals and humans, use the One Health perspective to track the transmission of ARG-containing bacteria between humans, animals, and the environment, and assess the impact of antimicrobial resistance on human health and socioeconomic development. The gut resistome can evolve in an environment subject to various selective pressures, including antibiotic administration and environmental and lifestyle factors (e.g., diet, age, gender, and living conditions), and interventions through probiotics. Strategies to reduce the abundance of clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their resistance determinants in various environmental niches are needed to ensure the mitigation of acquired antibiotic resistance. With the help of effective measures taken at the national, local, personal, and intestinal management, it will also result in preventing or minimizing the spread of infectious diseases. This review aims to improve our understanding of the correlations between intestinal microbiota and antimicrobial resistance and provide a basis for the development of management strategies to mitigate the antimicrobial resistance crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qingyuan Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kornelia Smalla
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsBraunschweigGermany
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | - Kristian K. Brandt
- Section for Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Sino‐Danish Center (SDC)BeijingChina
| | - Zhi Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Maoyuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Syed A. Hashsham
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Center for Microbial EcologyMichigan State UniversityMichiganUSA
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringMichigan State UniversityMichiganUSA
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental ResearchRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, Center for Environmental Engineering Research, Department of Civil EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Center for Microbial EcologyMichigan State UniversityMichiganUSA
| | - Robert Stedtfeld
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringMichigan State UniversityMichiganUSA
| | - Hongjie Sheng
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Benli Chai
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Center for Microbial EcologyMichigan State UniversityMichiganUSA
| | - Marko Virta
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yong‐Guan Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamenChina
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - James M. Tiedje
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Center for Microbial EcologyMichigan State UniversityMichiganUSA
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8
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Mao Y, Zeineldin M, Usmani M, Jutla A, Shisler JL, Whitaker RJ, Nguyen TH. Local and Environmental Reservoirs of Salmonella enterica After Hurricane Florence Flooding. GEOHEALTH 2023; 7:e2023GH000877. [PMID: 37928215 PMCID: PMC10624599 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In many regions of the world, including the United States, human and animal fecal genetic markers have been found in flood waters. In this study, we use high-resolution whole genomic sequencing to examine the origin and distribution of Salmonella enterica after the 2018 Hurricane Florence flooding. We specifically asked whether S. enterica isolated from water samples collected near swine farms in North Carolina shortly after Hurricane Florence had evidence of swine origin. To investigate this, we isolated and fully sequenced 18 independent S. enterica strains from 10 locations (five flooded and five unflooded). We found that all strains have extremely similar chromosomes with only five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and possessed two plasmids assigned bioinformatically to the incompatibility groups IncFIB and IncFII. The chromosomal core genome and the IncFIB plasmid are most closely related to environmental Salmonella strains isolated previously from the southeastern US. In contrast, the IncFII plasmid was found in environmental S. enterica strains whose genomes were more divergent, suggesting the IncFII plasmid is more promiscuous than the IncFIB type. We identified 65 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in each of our 18 S. enterica isolates. All ARGs were located on the Salmonella chromosome, similar to other previously characterized environmental isolates. All isolates with different SNPs were resistant to a panel of commonly used antibiotics. These results highlight the importance of environmental sources of antibiotic-resistant S. enterica after extreme flood events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Mao
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
| | - Mohamed Zeineldin
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
| | - Moiz Usmani
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & EnvironmentUniversity of FloridaFLGainesvilleUSA
| | - Antarpreet Jutla
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & EnvironmentUniversity of FloridaFLGainesvilleUSA
| | - Joanna L. Shisler
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
| | - Rachel J. Whitaker
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
| | - Thanh H. Nguyen
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignILUrbanaUSA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
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9
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Santos ICD, Barbosa LN, Sposito PH, Silva KRD, Caldart ET, Costa LMB, Martins LA, Gonçalves DD. Presence and Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Slaughtered Pigs. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2023; 23:576-582. [PMID: 37695815 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2022.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to isolate Staphylococcus spp. and to characterize the resistance profile in nasal samples from pigs slaughtered for consumption. Material and Methods: Intranasal swabs were collected from 100 pigs immediately after bleeding in a slaughterhouse located in the largest pork production region in Brazil, these samples were cultured and isolated to identify Staphylococcus spp. in coagulase positive (CoPS) and coagulase negative (CoNS) and molecular identification of Staphylococcus aureus and then subjected to the disk-diffusion test to identify the bacterial resistance profile and search for the mecA gene. Results: Of the 100 samples collected, it was possible to isolate 79 Staphylococcus spp., of these, 72.15% were classified as CoNS and 27.85% of the isolates classified as CoPS. Among the CoPS isolates, 77.27% were identified as S. aureus. Through the disk-diffusion test, it was possible to verify isolates resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin (98.73%), chloramphenicol (93.67%), and doxycycline (89.87%). There was amplification of the mecA gene in 30.38% of Staphylococcus spp. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the need for the careful use of antibiotics in swine production, in addition to aiming at continuous surveillance in relation to the rate of multiresistant microorganisms within these environments, focused on large industrial centers; such results also indicate the importance of understanding, through future studies, possible pathways to transmission of these microorganisms directly, or indirectly, through meat products derived from these pigs, which can be considered neglected diffusers of variants of Staphylococcus spp. resistant to antibiotics or carriers of important resistance genes related to One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo Henrique Sposito
- Médico Veterinário do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, MAPA/DF, Brasilia, Brasil
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10
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Goluch Z, Rybarczyk A, Poławska E, Haraf G. Fatty Acid Profile and Lipid Quality Indexes of the Meat and Backfat from Porkers Supplemented with EM Bokashi Probiotic. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3298. [PMID: 37894022 PMCID: PMC10604290 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effect of supplementation of pig diet with the Bokashi probiotic on the fatty acid profile of longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles and backfat. The research involved 120 hybrid pigs deriving from Naïma sows and P-76 boars. The experimental group's pigs received probiotics in their feed (containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus plantarum). To analyze the fatty acid profile in intramuscular fat (IMF) of LL and backfat, 24 pig carcasses from the control group and 26 from the probiotic-supplemented group were randomly selected. Probiotic supplementation increased the Atherogenic Index, reduced the proportion of C20:4, and increased C12:0 and C18:2 n-6 in IMF LL, without affecting ΣSFA, ΣMUFA, and ΣPUFA. In backfat, probiotic supplementation decreased C18:1 and C18:2 n-6 proportion and increased C18:3 n-3, C20:3 n-6, and C20:4 n-6. These changes resulted in significantly higher ΣMUFA, ΣPUFA, PUFA Σn-3/Σn-6, and lower Saturation Index (SI). From a consumer health and technological point of view, probiotic supplementation improved the lipid profile of backfat to a greater extent than LL muscle. Bokashi, at a dose of 3 g/kg of feed in the last stage of pig production, had no significant effect on the fatty acid profile of the meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Goluch
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Wrocław University of Economics & Business, ul. Komandorska 118-120, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland; (Z.G.); (G.H.)
| | - Artur Rybarczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Science, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Poławska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Gabriela Haraf
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Wrocław University of Economics & Business, ul. Komandorska 118-120, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland; (Z.G.); (G.H.)
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11
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Raslan MA, Raslan SA, Shehata EM, Mahmoud AS, Lundstrom K, Barh D, Azevedo V, Sabri NA. Associations between Nutrigenomic Effects and Incidences of Microbial Resistance against Novel Antibiotics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1093. [PMID: 37631008 PMCID: PMC10458141 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrigenomics is the study of the impact of diets or nutrients on gene expression and phenotypes using high-throughput technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc. The bioactive components of diets and nutrients, as an environmental factor, transmit information through altered gene expression and hence the overall function and traits of the organism. Dietary components and nutrients not only serve as a source of energy but also, through their interactions with genes, regulate gut microbiome composition, the production of metabolites, various biological processes, and finally, health and disease. Antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic and probiotic microorganisms has emerged as a major public health concern due to the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in various food products. Recent evidence suggests a correlation between the regulation of genes and two-component and other signaling systems that drive antibiotic resistance in response to diets and nutrients. Therefore, diets and nutrients may be alternatively used to overcome antibiotic resistance against novel antibiotics. However, little progress has been made in this direction. In this review, we discuss the possible implementations of nutrigenomics in antibiotic resistance against novel antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Raslan
- Drug Research Centre, Cairo P.O. Box 11799, Egypt or (M.A.R.); or (S.A.R.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Sara A. Raslan
- Drug Research Centre, Cairo P.O. Box 11799, Egypt or (M.A.R.); or (S.A.R.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Eslam M. Shehata
- Drug Research Centre, Cairo P.O. Box 11799, Egypt or (M.A.R.); or (S.A.R.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Amr S. Mahmoud
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo P.O. Box 11566, Egypt;
| | | | - Debmalya Barh
- Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (D.B.); (V.A.)
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, West Bengal, India
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (D.B.); (V.A.)
| | - Nagwa A. Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo P.O. Box 11566, Egypt
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12
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Heinzinger LR, Pugh AR, Wagner JA, Otto M. Evaluating the Translational Potential of Bacteriocins as an Alternative Treatment for Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Animals and Humans. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1256. [PMID: 37627676 PMCID: PMC10451987 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance remains a global threat to human and animal health. Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes minor to life-threatening infections. The widespread use of antibiotics in the clinical, veterinary, and agricultural setting combined with the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains makes it abundantly clear that alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed. Bacteriocins represent one potential alternative therapeutic. They are antimicrobial peptides that are produced by bacteria that are generally nontoxic and have a relatively narrow target spectrum, and they leave many commensals and most mammalian cells unperturbed. Multiple studies involving bacteriocins (e.g., nisin, epidermicin, mersacidin, and lysostaphin) have demonstrated their efficacy at eliminating or treating a wide variety of S. aureus infections in animal models. This review provides a comprehensive and updated evaluation of animal studies involving bacteriocins and highlights their translational potential. The strengths and limitations associated with bacteriocin treatments compared with traditional antibiotic therapies are evaluated, and the challenges that are involved with implementing novel therapeutics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael Otto
- Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (L.R.H.); (A.R.P.); (J.A.W.)
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13
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Zalewska M, Błażejewska A, Czapko A, Popowska M. Pig manure treatment strategies for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11999. [PMID: 37491438 PMCID: PMC10368742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the risk of pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their antibiotic-resistance genes transfer from livestock feces to the soil and cultivated crops, it is imperative to find effective on-farm manure treatments to minimize that hazardous potential. An introduced worldwide policy of sustainable development, focus on ecological agricultural production, and the circular economy aimed at reducing the use of artificial fertilizers; therefore, such treatment methods should also maximize the fertilization value of animal manure. The two strategies for processing pig manure are proposed in this study-storage and composting. The present study examines the changes in the physicochemical properties of treated manure, in the microbiome, and in the resistome, compared to raw manure. This is the first such comprehensive analysis performed on the same batch of manure. Our results suggest that while none of the processes eliminates the environmental risk, composting results in a faster and more pronounced reduction of mobile genetic elements harboring antibiotic resistance genes, including those responsible for multi-drug resistance. Overall, the composting process can be an efficient strategy for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment and reducing the risk of its transfer to crops and the food chain while providing essential fertilizer ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zalewska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Błażejewska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Czapko
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Popowska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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14
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Holman DB, Gzyl KE, Kommadath A. The gut microbiome and resistome of conventionally vs. pasture-raised pigs. Microb Genom 2023; 9:mgen001061. [PMID: 37439777 PMCID: PMC10438820 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional swine production typically houses pigs indoors and in large groups, whereas pasture-raised pigs are reared outdoors at lower stocking densities. Antimicrobial use also differs, with conventionally raised pigs often being exposed to antimicrobials directly or indirectly to control and prevent infectious disease. However, antimicrobial use can be associated with the development and persistence of antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to compare the gut microbiomes and resistomes of pigs raised indoors on a conventional farm with those raised outdoors on pasture. The microbial compositions as well as the resistomes of both groups of pigs were significantly different from each other. Bacterial species such as Intestinibaculum porci, Pseudoscardovia radai and Sharpea azabuensis were relatively more abundant in the gut microbiomes of pasture-raised pigs and Hallella faecis and Limosilactobacillus reuteri in the conventionally raised swine. The abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) was significantly higher in the conventionally raised pigs for nearly all antimicrobial classes, including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B, and tetracyclines. Functionally, the gut microbiomes of the two group of pigs also differed significantly based on their carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) profiles, with certain CAZyme families associated with host mucin degradation enriched in the conventional pig microbiomes. We also recovered 1043 dereplicated strain-level metagenome-assembled genomes (≥90 % completeness and <5 % contamination) to provide taxonomic context for specific ARGs and metabolic functions. Overall, the study provides insights into the differences between the gut microbiomes and resistomes of pigs raised under two very different production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin B. Holman
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L1W1, Canada
| | - Katherine E. Gzyl
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L1W1, Canada
| | - Arun Kommadath
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L1W1, Canada
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15
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Cortez Nunes F, Taillieu E, Letra Mateus T, Teixeira S, Haesebrouck F, Amorim I. Molecular Detection of Metronidazole and Tetracycline Resistance Genes in Helicobacter pylori-Like Positive Gastric Samples from Pigs. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050906. [PMID: 37237809 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, previously reported in Helicobacter pylori, in gastric samples of 36 pigs, in which DNA of H. pylori-like organisms had been detected. Based on PCR and sequencing analysis, two samples were positive for the 16S rRNA mutation gene, conferring tetracycline resistance, and one sample was positive for the frxA gene with a single nucleotide polymorphism, conferring metronidazole resistance. All three amplicons showed the highest homology with H. pylori-associated antibiotic resistance gene sequences. These findings indicate that acquired antimicrobial resistance may occur in H. pylori-like organisms associated with pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Cortez Nunes
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Emily Taillieu
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Teresa Letra Mateus
- CISAS-Centre for Research and Development in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability, Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- EpiUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS) Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Teixeira
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Freddy Haesebrouck
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Irina Amorim
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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16
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Meng J, Wang J, Zhu J, Li S, Qiu T, Wang W, Ding J, Wang W, Liu J. Bacteriostatic Effects of Yujin Powder and Its Components on Clinical Isolation of Multidrug-Resistant Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050328. [PMID: 37235411 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most common pathogenic bacteria in diarrheal chickens, leading to serious economic losses in the poultry industry. The limited effect of antibiotics on antibiotic-resistant E. coli makes this bacterium a potential threat to human health. Yujin powder (YJP) has been reported as an agent that releases the symptoms caused by E. coli for a long time. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Yujin powder (YJP) and its components, Scutellariae Radix (SR) and Baicalin (Bac), anti-against multi-drug-resistant E. coli in vitro and in vivo. A multi-drug-resistant bacteria was isolated and identified from a clinical diarrheal chick. Then, the anti-bacterial effects of drugs were assessed in vitro and in vivo by analyzing the bacteria loads of organs, the levels of endotoxin, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the serum. Results found that the pathogenic E. coli was resistant to 19 tested antibiotics. YJP, SR, and Bac could directly inhibit the growth of this strain at high concentrations in vitro, and presents obvious anti-bacterial effects by reducing the bacterial loads, the release of endotoxin, and inflammation in vivo, which was much more effective than the resistant antibiotic ciprofloxacin. This study demonstrates that those natural medicines have the potential to be used as novel treatments to treat the disease caused by this isolated MDREC strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwu Meng
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinli Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Jinyue Zhu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Siya Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tianxin Qiu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weiran Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinxue Ding
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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17
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Sabino YNV, Cotter PD, Mantovani HC. Anti-virulence compounds against Staphylococcus aureus associated with bovine mastitis: A new therapeutic option? Microbiol Res 2023; 271:127345. [PMID: 36889204 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis represents a major economic burden faced by the dairy industry. S. aureus is an important and prevalent bovine mastitis-associated pathogen in dairy farms worldwide. The pathogenicity and persistence of S. aureus in the bovine mammary gland are associated with the expression of a range of virulence factors involved in biofilm formation and the production of several toxins. The traditional therapeutic approach to treating bovine mastitis includes the use of antibiotics, but the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has caused therapeutic failure. New therapeutic approaches targeting virulence factors of S. aureus rather than cell viability can have several advantages including lower selective pressure towards the development of resistance and little impact on the host commensal microbiota. This review summarizes the potential of anti-virulence therapies to control S. aureus associated with bovine mastitis focusing on anti-toxin, anti-biofilm, and anti-quorum sensing compounds. It also points to potential sources of new anti-virulence inhibitors and presents screening strategies for identifying these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hilario C Mantovani
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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18
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Looking for Possible Benefits of Combining Short-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides (scFOS) with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sc 47 on Weaned Pigs Orally Challenged with Escherichia coli F4 . Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030526. [PMID: 36766416 PMCID: PMC9913220 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of supplementing short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) combined or not with live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sc 47 on weanling pigs challenged with Escherichia coli F4+. We allocated ninety-six piglets to four experimental diets: control (CTR); supplemented with scFOS (5 g/kg Profeed® P95) (scFOS); S. cerevisiae Sc 47 (1 g/kg Actisaf® Sc 47 HR +) (YEA); or both (SYN). Parameters included: performance; E. coli F4+ detection; fermentation activity; inflammatory biomarkers; and ileal histomorphology. Our results showed that supplementing scFOS was able to reduce the incidence of diarrhea, and both supplements were able to lower counts of EHEC along the gut. Supplementing scFOS was mostly associated with changes in the gut ecosystem and increases in the lactobacilli population, while S. cerevisiae Sc 47 registered increases in the numbers of ileal intraepithelial lymphocytes. The synbiotic mixture showed the lowest diarrhea incidence and fecal scores, benefiting from complementary modes of action and possible synergistic effects due to a hypothesized yeast-LAB cross-feeding phenomenon in the foregut. In conclusion, our results evidence that supplementing scFOS or Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sc 47 is efficacious to fight post-weaning colibacillosis, and combining both could be beneficial in high-risk scenarios.
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19
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Sarkar VK, De UK, Kala A, Verma AK, Chauhan A, Paul BR, Soni S, Gandhar JS, Chaudhuri P, Patra MK, Eregowda CG, Gaur GK. Early-Life Intervention of Lactoferrin and Probiotic in Suckling Piglets: Effects on Immunoglobulins, Intestinal Integrity, and Neonatal Mortality. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:149-159. [PMID: 35793035 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of early-life bovine lactoferrin and host specific probiotic interventions on growth performance, mortality, and concentrations of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G and transforming growth factor beta 1 (a marker of intestinal integrity) in serum of neonatal piglets. A total of eight piglet litters from parity matched sows were randomly divided into four groups and assigned to one of the four interventions: control (sterile normal saline), bovine lactoferrin (100 mg bovine lactoferrin), probiotic (1 × 109 colony forming unit (cfu) of swine origin Pediococcus acidilactici FT28 probiotic), and bovine lactoferrin + probiotic (100 mg bovine lactoferrin and 1 × 109 CFU of P. acidilactici FT28 probiotic). All the interventions were given once daily through oral route for first 7 days of life. The average daily gain (p = 0.0004) and weaning weight (p < 0.0001) were significantly improved in the probiotic group. The piglet survivability was significantly higher in bovine lactoferrin and probiotic groups than control group in Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. The concentrations of immunoglobulin A on day 21 in bovine lactoferrin, probiotic, and bovine lactoferrin + probiotic groups increased significantly (p < 0.05). Immunoglobulin G concentrations on day 7 and 15 in bovine lactoferrin and bovine lactoferrin + probiotic groups and on day 15 in probiotic group were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated, whereas, the concentration of transforming growth factor-β1 was significantly (p < 0.05) increased from day 7 to 21 in all the supplemented groups. In conclusion, the early-life bovine lactoferrin and P. acidilactici FT28 probiotic interventions reduced the mortality in the suckling piglets by promoting the systemic immunity and enhancing the intestinal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kumar Sarkar
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Ujjwal Kumar De
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India.
| | - Anju Kala
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Ashok Kumar Verma
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Anuj Chauhan
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Babul Rudra Paul
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Srishti Soni
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Jitendra Singh Gandhar
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Pallab Chaudhuri
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Manas Kumar Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
| | - Chethan Gollahalli Eregowda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agriculture University, Selesih, Aizawl, 796014, Mizoram, India
| | - Gyanendra Kumar Gaur
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 (UP), India
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20
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Dos Santos IC, Barbosa LN, Grossi GD, de Paula Ferreira LR, Ono JM, Martins LA, Alberton LR, Gonçalves DD. Presence of Staphylococcus spp. carriers of the mecA gene in the nasal cavity of piglets in the nursery phase. Res Vet Sci 2023; 155:51-55. [PMID: 36634542 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of Staphylococcus spp. resistant to methicillin in the nasal cavity of swine has been previously reported. Considering the possible occurrence of bacterial resistance and presence of resistance genes in intensive swine breeding and the known transmissibility and dispersion potential of such genes, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of resistance to different antibiotics and the presence of the mecA resistance gene in Staphylococcus spp. from piglets recently housed in a nursery. For this, 60 nasal swabs were collected from piglets at the time of their housing in the nursery, and then Staphylococcus spp. were isolated and identified in coagulase-positive (CoPS) and coagulase-negative (CoNS) isolates. These isolates were subjected to the disk-diffusion test to evaluate the bacterial resistance profile and then subjected to molecular identification of Staphylococcus aureus and analyses of the mecA gene through polymerase chain reaction. Of the 60 samples collected, 60 Staphylococcus spp. were isolated, of which 38 (63.33%) were classified as CoNS and 22 (36.67%) as CoPS. Of these, ten (45.45%) were identified as Staphylococcus aureus. The resistance profile of these isolates showed high resistance to different antibiotics, with 100% of the isolates resistant to chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and erythromycin, 98.33% resistant to doxycycline, 95% resistant to oxacillin, and 85% resistant to cefoxitin. Regarding the mecA gene, 27 (45%) samples were positive for the presence of this gene, and three (11.11%) were phenotypically sensitive to oxacillin and cefoxitin. This finding highlights the importance of researching the phenotypic profile of resistance to different antimicrobials and resistance genes in the different phases of pig rearing to identify the real risk of these isolates from a One Health perspective. The present study revealed the presence of samples resistant to different antibiotics in recently weaned production animal that had not been markedly exposed to antimicrobials as growth promoters or even as prophylactics. This information highlights the need for more research on the possible sharing of bacteria between sows and piglets, the environmental pressure within production environments, and the exposure of handlers during their transport, especially considering the community, hospital, and political importance of the presence of circulating resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Carvalho Dos Santos
- Bolsista PROSUP/CAPES - Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Nunes Barbosa
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Giovana Dantas Grossi
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Jacqueline Midori Ono
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Almeida Martins
- Faculdade de Ensino Superior Santa Bárbara (FAESB), Rua Onze de Agosto, 2900, Jardim Lucila, 18277-000 Tatuí, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Rômulo Alberton
- Propig soluções Ltda, Estrada Linha Andreis - Cerro Azul, SN, Zona Rural - Bom Sucesso do Sul, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil.
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21
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Brinck JE, Lassen SB, Forouzandeh A, Pan T, Wang YZ, Monteiro A, Blavi L, Solà-Oriol D, Stein HH, Su JQ, Brandt KK. Impacts of dietary copper on the swine gut microbiome and antibiotic resistome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159609. [PMID: 36273560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Restrictions on antibiotic growth promoters have prompted livestock producers to use alternative growth promoters, and dietary copper (Cu) supplementation is currently being widely used in pig production. However, elevated doses of dietary Cu constitute a risk for co-selection of antibiotic resistance and the risk may depend on the type of Cu-based feed additives being used. We here report the first controlled experiment investigating the impact of two contrasting Cu-based feed additives on the overall swine gut microbiome and antibiotic resistome. DNA was extracted from fecal samples (n = 96) collected at four time points during 116 days from 120 pigs allotted to three dietary treatments: control, divalent copper sulfate (CuSO4; 250 μg Cu g-1 feed), and monovalent copper oxide (Cu2O; 250 μg Cu g-1 feed). Bacterial community composition, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were assessed, and bioavailable Cu ([Cu]bio) was determined using whole-cell bacterial bioreporters. Cu supplementation to feed increased total Cu concentrations ([Cu]total) and [Cu]bio in feces 8-10 fold and at least 670-1000 fold, respectively, but with no significant differences between the two Cu sources. The swine gut microbiome harbored highly abundant and diverse ARGs and MGEs irrespective of the treatments throughout the experiment. Microbiomes differed significantly between pig growth stages and tended to converge over time, but only minor changes in the bacterial community composition and resistome could be linked to Cu supplementation. A significant correlation between bacterial community composition (i.e., bacterial taxa present) and ARG prevalence patterns were observed by Procrustes analysis. Overall, results of the experiment did not provide evidence for Cu-induced co-selection of ARGs or MGEs even at a Cu concentration level exceeding the maximal permitted level for pig diets in the EU (25 to 150 μg Cu g-1 feed depending on pig age).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Emil Brinck
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simon Bo Lassen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing, China
| | - Asal Forouzandeh
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Ting Pan
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yan-Zi Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | | | - Laia Blavi
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - David Solà-Oriol
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Hans H Stein
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Kristian K Brandt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing, China.
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22
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Ekhlas D, Argüello H, Leonard FC, Manzanilla EG, Burgess CM. Insights on the effects of antimicrobial and heavy metal usage on the antimicrobial resistance profiles of pigs based on culture-independent studies. Vet Res 2023; 54:14. [PMID: 36823539 PMCID: PMC9951463 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat to human, animal, and environmental health. In pig production, antimicrobials and heavy metals such as zinc oxide are commonly used for treatment and prevention of disease. Nevertheless, the effects of antimicrobials and heavy metals on the porcine resistome composition and the factors influencing this resistance profile are not fully understood. Advances in technologies to determine the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in diverse sample types have enabled a more complete understanding of the resistome and the factors which influence its composition. The aim of this review is to provide a greater understanding of the influence of antimicrobial and heavy metal usage on the development and transmission of antimicrobial resistance on pig farms. Furthermore, this review aims to identify additional factors that can affect the porcine resistome. Relevant literature that used high-throughput sequencing or quantitative PCR methods to examine links between antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial and heavy metal use was identified using a systematic approach with PubMed (NCBI), Scopus (Elsevier), and Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics) databases. In total, 247 unique records were found and 28 publications were identified as eligible for inclusion in this review. Based on these, there is clear evidence that antimicrobial and heavy metal use are positively linked with antimicrobial resistance in pigs. Moreover, associations of genes conferring antimicrobial resistance with mobile genetic elements, the microbiome, and the virome were reported, which were further influenced by the host, the environment, or the treatment itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ekhlas
- grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Héctor Argüello
- grid.4807.b0000 0001 2187 3167Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Finola C. Leonard
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edgar G. Manzanilla
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Pig Development Department, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork Ireland
| | - Catherine M. Burgess
- grid.6435.40000 0001 1512 9569Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
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23
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Vonderohe CE, Brizgys LA, Richert JA, Radcliffe JS. Swine production: how sustainable is sustainability? Anim Front 2022; 12:7-17. [PMID: 36530511 PMCID: PMC9749816 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfac085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C E Vonderohe
- USDA-ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - L A Brizgys
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J A Richert
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J S Radcliffe
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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24
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Dias D, Hipólito D, Figueiredo A, Fonseca C, Caetano T, Mendo S. Unravelling the Diversity and Abundance of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) Faecal Resistome and the Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility of Indicator Bacteria. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192572. [PMID: 36230313 PMCID: PMC9558537 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Antimicrobial resistance was considered one of the major concerns of the twenty-first century by the World Health Organization in 2014. A holistic approach known as “One Health” recognizes the connections and interdependence between the health of people, domestic and wild animals, plants, and the ecosystem. The red fox is the most widespread wild canid in Europe that adapts easily and is distributed in natural environments and urban and peri-urban areas due to its increasing abundance. Foxes are reservoirs and disseminators of antibiotic resistance and zoonotic agents. They interact with watercourses, soils and livestock, and although they have no gastronomic interest, they are a game species, highlighting the potential risk of contamination between them and the hunters. Our main goal was to characterize antibiotic resistance in red foxes. Several clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes were identified, as well as multidrug-resistant bacteria. Abstract The WHO considers that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the ten greatest global public health risks of the 21st century. The expansion of human populations and anthropogenically related activities, accompanied by the fragmentation of natural habitats, has resulted in increased human–wildlife interaction. Natural ecosystems are therefore subjected to anthropogenic inputs, which affect the resistome of wild animals. Thus, urgent multisectoral action is needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals following the One Health approach. The present work falls within the scope of this approach and aims to characterize the AMR of the faecal microbiome of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), an opportunistic and generalist synanthropic species whose abundance has been increasing in urban and peri-urban areas. A high number of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were screened and quantified using a high-throughput qPCR approach, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of cultivable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were assessed interpreted with both ECOFFs and clinical breakpoints. The most abundant ARGs detected confer resistance to trimethoprim and tetracyclines, although the first were absent in one of the locations studied. Several ARGs considered to be threats to human health were identified in high relative abundances (blaTEM, ermB, aadA, tetM, tetW, tetL, drfA1 and drfA17), especially in the geographical area with greater anthropogenic influence. Although at a low percentage, resistant and multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were isolated, including one MDR E. coli showing resistance to 12 antimicrobials from 6 different classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Dias
- CESAM and Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Dário Hipólito
- CESAM and Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Figueiredo
- CESAM and Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Bioscience & CEES, University of Oslo, Blindernvn, 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Carlos Fonseca
- CESAM and Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- ForestWISE—Collaborative Laboratory for Integrated Forest & Fire Management, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tânia Caetano
- CESAM and Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Sónia Mendo
- CESAM and Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (S.M.)
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25
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Goryluk-Salmonowicz A, Popowska M. Factors promoting and limiting antimicrobial resistance in the environment - Existing knowledge gaps. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:992268. [PMID: 36204635 PMCID: PMC9530184 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.992268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissemination of multidrug-resistant bacteria strains and genes carrying antibiotic resistance is currently considered to be one of the most important global problem. The WHO calls for the need to contain the spread of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) from all possible sources. There have been many international actions grouping scientists studying this phenomenon, and quite a lot of scientific projects devoted to this problem have already been carried out. As well, so far several strategies have been developed that can inhibit the AMR spread. In this mini-review, we highlight overlooked aspects that seem to be crucial for creating a comprehensive picture of AMR, especially in the context of One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Goryluk-Salmonowicz
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Popowska
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Insights in the Development and Uses of Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Poultry and Swine Production. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060766. [PMID: 35740172 PMCID: PMC9219610 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The overuse and misuse of antibiotics has contributed to the rise and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. To address this global public health threat, many countries have restricted the use of antibiotics as growth promoters and promoted the development of alternatives to antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine and animal farming. In food-animal production, acidifiers, bacteriophages, enzymes, phytochemicals, probiotics, prebiotics, and antimicrobial peptides have shown hallmarks as alternatives to antibiotics. This review reports the current state of these alternatives as growth-promoting factors for poultry and swine production and describes their mode of action. Recent findings on their usefulness and the factors that presently hinder their broader use in animal food production are identified by SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat) analysis. The potential for resistance development as well as co- and cross-resistance with currently used antibiotics is also discussed. Using predetermined keywords, we searched specialized databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Antibiotic resistance cannot be stopped, but its spreading can certainly be hindered or delayed with the development of more alternatives with innovative modes of action and a wise and careful use of antimicrobials in a One Health approach.
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27
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Wu H, Wang Y, Du B, Li H, Dong L, Hu H, Meng L, Zheng N, Wang J. Influence of Dairy Cows Bedding Material on the Microbial Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Genes of Milk. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:830333. [PMID: 35283830 PMCID: PMC8914314 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.830333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in milk are among the most important issues related to the safety of dairy products and the health of consumers. However, despite that dairy cow are housed for long periods of time on different beddings, the effect of different bedding materials on the microbiota and presence of ARGs is unclear. In this study, the composition of microorganisms, and the presence of mastitis pathogens and 33 ARGs targeting seven antibiotics in raw milk produced from farms using sand bedding, rice husk bedding, and recycled manure solids (RMS) bedding were compared by amplicon sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that the microbial composition of milk was related to the microbiota of bedding. None of the mastitis pathogens were detected in milk from cows housed on sand bedding (S-M). The proportion of ARGs was highest in the S-M group and lowest in the milk from cows housed on RMS bedding (RMS-M) group. In general, the content of ARGs in RMS-M was the lowest, however, the RMS bedding may pose a threat to the breast health of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Zheng,
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Jiaqi Wang,
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28
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Chance JA, DeRouchey JM, Amachawadi RG, Ishengoma V, Nagaraja TG, Goodband RD, Woodworth JC, Tokach MD, Calderón HI, Kang Q, Loughmiller JA, Hotze B, Gebhardt JT. Live yeast and yeast extracts with and without pharmacological levels of zinc on nursery pig growth performance and antimicrobial susceptibilities of fecal Escherichia coli. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6424407. [PMID: 34752618 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 360 weanling barrows (Line 200 ×400, DNA, Columbus NE; initially 5.6 ± 0.03 kg) were used in a 42-d study to evaluate yeast-based pre- and probiotics (Phileo by Lesaffre, Milwaukee, WI) in diets with or without pharmacological levels of Zn on growth performance and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of fecal Escherichia coli. Pens were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 5 pigs per pen and 18 pens per treatment. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of yeast-based pre- and probiotics (none vs. 0.10% ActiSaf Sc 47 HR+, 0.05% SafMannan, and 0.05% NucleoSaf from d 0 to 7, then concentrations were lowered by 50% from d 7 to 21) and pharmacological levels of Zn (110 vs. 3,000 mg/kg from d 0 to 7, and 2,000 mg/kg from d 7 to 21 with added Zn provided by ZnO). All pigs were fed a common diet from d 21 to 42 post-weaning. There were no yeast ×Zn interactions or effects from yeast additives observed on any response criteria. From d 0 to 21, and 0 to 42, pigs fed pharmacological levels of Zn had increased (P < 0.001) ADG and ADFI. Fecal samples were collected on d 4, 21, and 42 from the same three pigs per pen for fecal dry matter (DM) and AMR patterns of E. coli. On d 4, pigs fed pharmacological levels of Zn had greater fecal DM (P = 0.043); however, no differences were observed on d 21 or 42. E. coli was isolated from fecal samples and the microbroth dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of E. coli isolates to 14 different antimicrobials. Isolates were categorized as either susceptible, intermediate, or resistant based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The addition of pharmacological levels of Zn had a tendency (P = 0.051) to increase the MIC values of ciprofloxacin; however, these MIC values were still well under the CLSI classified resistant breakpoint for Ciprofloxacin. There was no evidence for differences (P > 0.10) for yeast additives or Zn for AMR of fecal E. coli isolates to any of the remaining antibiotics. In conclusion, pharmacological levels of Zn improved ADG, ADFI, and all isolates were classified as susceptible to ciprofloxacin although the MIC of fecal E. coli tended to be increased. Thus, the short-term use of pharmacological levels of Zn did not increase antimicrobial resistance. There was no response observed from live yeast and yeast extracts for any of the growth, fecal DM, or AMR of fecal E. coli criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna A Chance
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS 66506-0201 USA
| | - Joel M DeRouchey
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS 66506-0201 USA
| | - Raghavendra G Amachawadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS, 66506-0201 USA
| | - Victor Ishengoma
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS, 66506-0201 USA
| | - Tiruvoor G Nagaraja
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS, 66506-0201 USA
| | - Robert D Goodband
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS 66506-0201 USA
| | - Jason C Woodworth
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS 66506-0201 USA
| | - Mike D Tokach
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS 66506-0201 USA
| | - Hilda I Calderón
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Kansas State University, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS, 66506-0201 USA
| | - Qing Kang
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Kansas State University, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS, 66506-0201 USA
| | | | - Brian Hotze
- Phileo by Lesaffre, Milwaukee WI, 53214-1552 USA
| | - Jordan T Gebhardt
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kanas State University, Manhattan KS, 66506-0201 USA
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29
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Antibiotic Resistance: From Pig to Meat. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10101209. [PMID: 34680790 PMCID: PMC8532907 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pork meat is in high demand worldwide and this is expected to increase. Pork is often raised in intensive conditions, which is conducive to the spread of infectious diseases. Vaccines, antibiotics, and other biosafety measures help mitigate the impact of infectious diseases. However, bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics are more and more frequently found in pig farms, animals, and the environment. It is now recognized that a holistic perspective is needed to sustainably fight antibiotic resistance, and that an integrated One Health approach is essential. With this in mind, this review tackles antibiotic resistance throughout the pork raising process, including their microbiome; many factors of their environment (agricultural workers, farms, rivers, etc.); and an overview of the impact of antibiotic resistance on pork meat, which is the end product available to consumers. Antibiotic resistance, while a natural process, is a public health concern. If we react, and act, collectively, it is expected to be, at least partially, reversible with judicious antibiotic usage and the development of innovative strategies and tools to foster animal health.
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