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Kwon SY, Park YJ. Function of NAD metabolism in white adipose tissue: lessons from mouse models. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2313297. [PMID: 38316756 PMCID: PMC10877972 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2313297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) is an endogenous substance in redox reactions and regulates various functions in metabolism. NAD and its precursors are known for their anti-ageing and anti-obesity properties and are mainly active in the liver and muscle. Boosting NAD+ through supplementation with the precursors, such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) or nicotinamide riboside (NR), enhances insulin sensitivity and circadian rhythm in the liver, and improves mitochondrial function in the muscle. Recent evidence has revealed that the adipose tissue could be another direct target of NAD supplementation by attenuating inflammation and fat accumulation. Moreover, murine studies with genetically modified models demonstrated that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a NAD regulatory enzyme that synthesizes NMN, played a critical role in lipogenesis and lipolysis in an adipocyte-specific manner. The tissue-specific effects of NAD+ metabolic pathways indicate a potential of the NAD precursors to control metabolic stress particularly via focusing on adipose tissue. Therefore, this narrative review raises an importance of NAD metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT) through a variety of studies using different mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kwon
- Graduate Program in System Health and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Park
- Graduate Program in System Health and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Lin X, Liu W, Hu X, Liu Z, Wang F, Wang J. The role of polyphenols in modulating mitophagy: Implications for therapeutic interventions. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107324. [PMID: 39059613 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This review rigorously assesses the burgeoning research into the role of polyphenols in modulating mitophagy, an essential cellular mechanism for the targeted removal of impaired mitochondria. These natural compounds, known for their low toxicity, are underscored for their potential in therapeutic strategies against a diverse array of diseases, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal disorders. The analysis penetrates deeply into the molecular mechanisms whereby polyphenols promote mitophagy, particularly by influencing crucial signaling pathways and transcriptional regulators, including the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/parkin and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) pathways. Noteworthy discoveries include the neuroprotective properties of resveratrol and curcumin, which affect both autophagic pathways and mitochondrial dynamics, and the pioneering integration of polyphenols with other natural substances to amplify therapeutic effectiveness. Furthermore, the review confronts the issue of polyphenol bioavailability and emphasizes the imperative for clinical trials to corroborate their therapeutic viability. By delivering an exhaustive synthesis of contemporary insights and recent advancements in polyphenol and mitophagy research, this review endeavors to catalyze additional research and foster the creation of innovative therapeutic modalities that exploit the distinctive attributes of polyphenols to manage and prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wenkai Liu
- Deyang Sixth People's Hospital, Deyang 618000, China
| | - Xizhuo Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Deyang Sixth People's Hospital, Deyang 618000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Chengdu First People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinlian Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Meishan, Meishan 620010, China.
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Ungvari Z, Kunutsor SK. Coffee consumption and cardiometabolic health: a comprehensive review of the evidence. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01262-5. [PMID: 38963648 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of longitudinal observational and interventional studies on the cardiometabolic effects of coffee consumption. It explores biological mechanisms, and clinical and policy implications, and highlights gaps in the evidence while suggesting future research directions. It also reviews evidence on the causal relationships between coffee consumption and cardiometabolic outcomes from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Findings indicate that while coffee may cause short-term increases in blood pressure, it does not contribute to long-term hypertension risk. There is limited evidence indicating that coffee intake might reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, coffee consumption is consistently linked with reduced risks of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), showing dose-response relationships. The relationship between coffee and cardiovascular disease is complex, showing potential stroke prevention benefits but ambiguous effects on coronary heart disease. Moderate coffee consumption, typically ranging from 1 to 5 cups per day, is linked to a reduced risk of heart failure, while its impact on atrial fibrillation remains inconclusive. Furthermore, coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, following a U-shaped pattern, with the largest risk reduction observed at moderate consumption levels. Except for T2D and CKD, MR studies do not robustly support a causal link between coffee consumption and adverse cardiometabolic outcomes. The potential beneficial effects of coffee on cardiometabolic health are consistent across age, sex, geographical regions, and coffee subtypes and are multi-dimensional, involving antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, lipid-modulating, insulin-sensitizing, and thermogenic effects. Based on its beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health and fundamental biological processes involved in aging, moderate coffee consumption has the potential to contribute to extending the healthspan and increasing longevity. The findings underscore the need for future research to understand the underlying mechanisms and refine health recommendations regarding coffee consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral College/Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Setor K Kunutsor
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK.
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Saint Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
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Khan I, Kaur S, Rishi AK, Boire B, Aare M, Singh M. Cannabidiol and Beta-Caryophyllene Combination Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome/NFκB through the AMPK/sirT3/Nrf2 Axis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1442. [PMID: 39062016 PMCID: PMC11274582 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated in detail the role of cannabidiol (CBD), beta-caryophyllene (BC), or their combinations in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DN). The key factors that contribute to DN include mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. METHODS Briefly, streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to induce DN in Sprague-Dawley rats, and we performed procedures involving Randall Sellito calipers, a Von Frey aesthesiometer, a hot plate, and cold plate methods to determine mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in vivo. The blood flow to the nerves was assessed using a laser Doppler device. Schwann cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) at a dose of 30 mM to induce hyperglycemia and DCFDA, and JC1 and Mitosox staining were performed to determine mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial superoxides in vitro. The rats were administered BC (30 mg/kg), CBD (15 mg/kg), or combination via i.p. injections, while Schwann cells were treated with 3.65 µM CBD, 75 µM BC, or combination to assess their role in DN amelioration. RESULTS Our results revealed that exposure to BC and CBD diminished HG-induced hyperglycemia in Schwann cells, in part by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial superoxides. Furthermore, the BC and CBD combination treatment in vivo could prevent the deterioration of the mitochondrial quality control system by promoting autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis while improving blood flow. CBD and BC treatments also reduced pain hypersensitivity to hyperalgesia and allodynia, with increased antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action in diabetic rats. These in vivo effects were attributed to significant upregulation of AMPK, sirT3, Nrf2, PINK1, PARKIN, LC3B, Beclin1, and TFAM functions, while downregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome, NFκB, COX2, and p62 activity was noted using Western blotting. CONCLUSIONS the present study demonstrated that STZ and HG-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. We find, for the first time, that a CBD and BC combination ameliorates DN by modulating the mitochondrial quality control system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islauddin Khan
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (I.K.); (S.K.); (B.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Sukhmandeep Kaur
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (I.K.); (S.K.); (B.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Arun K. Rishi
- John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Breana Boire
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (I.K.); (S.K.); (B.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Mounika Aare
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (I.K.); (S.K.); (B.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (I.K.); (S.K.); (B.B.); (M.A.)
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Wang W, Liu K, Xu H, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Ding M, Xing C, Huang X, Wen Q, Lu C, Song L. Sleep deprivation induced fat accumulation in the visceral white adipose tissue by suppressing SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway activation. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-024-01024-z. [PMID: 38856814 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is critical for maintaining overall health. Insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with various physical and mental health risks and chronic diseases. To date, plenty of epidemiological research has shown that sleep disorders are associated with the risk of obesity, which is usually featured by the expansion of adipose tissue. However, the underlying mechanism of increased fat accumulation upon sleep disorders remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that sleep deprivation (SD) caused triglycerides (TG) accumulation in the visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT), accompanied by a remarkable decrease in the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and other two rate-limiting lipolytic enzymes. Due to the key role of ATGL in initiating and controlling lipolysis, we focused on investigating the signaling pathway leading to attenuated ATGL expression in vWAT upon SD in the following study. We observed that ATGL downregulation resulted from the suppression of ATGL transcription, which was mediated by the reduction of the transcriptional factor FOXO1 and its upstream regulator SIRT1 expression in vWAT after SD. Furthermore, impairment of SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway activation and lipolysis induced by SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 in the 3 T3-L1 adipocytes were efficiently rescued by the SIRT1 activator resveratrol. Most notably, resveratrol administration in SD mice revitalized the SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway activation and lipid mobilization in vWAT. These findings suggest that targeting the SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway may offer a promising strategy to mitigate fat accumulation in vWAT and reduce obesity risk associated with sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, 258 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, 357 Ximen Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Mengnan Ding
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, 258 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, Huzhou University, 158 Xushi Road, Huzhou, 313002, China.
| | - Lun Song
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, 258 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
- Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 473007, China.
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Anuradha R, Srinivas M, Satyavani M, Suresh K, Muralidhar MN, Rajender Rao K. Preconceptional paternal caloric restriction of high-fat diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats dysregulates the metabolism of their offspring via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:174. [PMID: 38851752 PMCID: PMC11162063 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a metabolic syndrome where allelic and environmental variations together determine the susceptibility of an individual to the disease. Caloric restriction (CR) is a nutritional dietary strategy recognized to be beneficial as a weight loss regime in obese individuals. Preconceptional parental CR is proven to have detrimental effects on the health and development of their offspring. As yet studies on maternal CR effect on their offspring are well established but paternal CR studies are not progressing. In current study, the impact of different paternal CR regimes in diet-induced obese male Wistar rats (WNIN), on their offspring concerning metabolic syndrome are addressed. METHODS High-fat diet-induced obese male Wistar rats were subjected to caloric restriction of 50% (HFCR-I) and 40% (HFCR-II) and then they were mated with normal females. The male parent's reproductive function was assessed by sperm parameters and their DNMT's mRNA expression levels were also examined. The offspring's metabolic function was assessed by physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters. RESULTS The HFCR-I male parents have shown reduced body weights, compromised male fertility and reduced DNA methylation activity. Further, the HFCR-I offspring showed attenuation of the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, which is associated with the progression of proinflammatory status and oxidative stress. In line, the HFCR-I offspring also developed altered glucose and lipid homeostasis by exhibiting impaired glucose tolerance & insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia and steatosis. However, these effects were largely mitigated in HFCR-II offspring. Regarding the obesogenic effects, female offspring exhibited greater susceptibility than male offspring, suggesting that females are more prone to the influences of the paternal diet. CONCLUSION The findings highlight that HFCR-I resulted in paternal undernutrition, impacting the health of offspring, whereas HFCR-II largely restored the effects of a high-fat diet on their offspring. As a result, moderate caloric restriction has emerged as an effective weight loss strategy with minimal implications on future generations. This underscores the shared responsibility of fathers in contributing to sperm-specific epigenetic imprints that influence the health of adult offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachakatla Anuradha
- Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - M Satyavani
- Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - K Suresh
- Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - M N Muralidhar
- ICMR-Centre for Research, Management and Control of Haemoglobinopathies (ICMR- CRMCH), Chandrapur, 442406, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kalashikam Rajender Rao
- Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
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Lee SA, Riella LV. Narrative Review of Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: Unveiling Novel Therapeutic Frontiers. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1601-1613. [PMID: 38899203 PMCID: PMC11184259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.02.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) have evolved from their initial role as antidiabetic drugs to garner recognition for their remarkable cardio-protective and reno-protective attributes. They have become a crucial component of therapeutic guidelines for congestive heart failure and proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD). These benefits extend beyond glycemic control, because improvements in cardiovascular and renal outcomes occur swiftly. Recent studies have unveiled the immunomodulatory properties of SGLT2 inhibitors; thus, shedding light on their potential to influence the immune system and inflammation. This comprehensive review explores the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on the immune system and inflammation, focusing on preclinical and clinical evidence. The review delves into their antiinflammatory and immunomodulating effects, offering insights into clinical implications, and exploring emerging research areas related to their prospective immunomodulatory impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul A. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonardo V. Riella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Chang CF, Chang PC, Lee YC, Pan CY, Chang HM, Wu WJ, Lin MY, Chen CY, Wen ZH, Lee CH. The Antimicrobial Peptide Tilapia Piscidin 4 Induced the Apoptosis of Bladder Cancer Through ERK/SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10296-2. [PMID: 38805142 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10296-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Marine antimicrobial peptides have been demonstrated in numerous studies to possess anti-cancer properties. This research investigation aimed to explore the fundamental molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4), an antimicrobial peptide, in human bladder cancer. TP4 exhibited a remarkable inhibitory effect on the proliferation of bladder cancer cells through cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Additionally, TP4 upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP, leading to the activation of apoptotic pathways in bladder cancer cells. TP4 exhibit a marked rise in mitochondria reactive oxygen species, leading to the subsequent loss of potential for the mitochondrial membrane. Furthermore, the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation resulted in a decrease in downstream ATP production. Meanwhile, TP4-treated bladder cancer cells showed an increase in Bax and ERK but a decrease in SIRT1, PGC-1α, and Bcl2. ERK activation, SIRT1/PGC-1α-axis, and TP4-induced apoptosis were all significantly reversed by the ERK inhibitor SCH772984. Finally, the inhibitory effect of TP4 on tumor growth has been confirmed in a zebrafish bladder cancer xenotransplantation model. These findings suggest that TP4 may be a potential agents for human bladder cancer through apoptosis induction, ERK activation, and the promotion of SIRT1-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Feng Chang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Lien-Hai Rd, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Zhongzheng 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 802301, ROC
| | - Po-Chih Chang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Weight Management Center Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/Kaohsiung Medical University, Department of Sports Medicine, Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Pan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 811532, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Chang
- Division of Pharmacology and Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Wu
- Division of Pharmacology and Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ying Lin
- Community Health Promotion Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ci-Jin Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 83102, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Lien-Hai Rd, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine; Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
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Vakayil M, Madani AY, Agha MV, Majeed Y, Hayat S, Yonuskunju S, Mohamoud YA, Malek J, Suhre K, Mazloum NA. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UHRF1 promotes adipogenesis and limits fibrosis by suppressing GPNMB-mediated TGF-β signaling. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11886. [PMID: 38789534 PMCID: PMC11126700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin-ligase UHRF1 is an epigenetic regulator coordinating DNA methylation and histone modifications. However, little is known about how it regulates adipogenesis or metabolism. In this study, we discovered that UHRF1 is a key regulatory factor for adipogenesis, and we identified the altered molecular pathways that UHRF1 targets. Using CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout strategies, we discovered the whole transcriptomic changes upon UHRF1 deletion. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that key adipogenesis regulators such PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α were suppressed, whereas TGF-β signaling and fibrosis markers were upregulated in UHRF1-depleted differentiating adipocytes. Furthermore, UHRF1-depleted cells showed upregulated expression and secretion of TGF-β1, as well as the glycoprotein GPNMB. Treating differentiating preadipocytes with recombinant GPNMB led to an increase in TGF-β protein and secretion levels, which was accompanied by an increase in secretion of fibrosis markers such as MMP13 and a reduction in adipogenic conversion potential. Conversely, UHRF1 overexpression studies in human cells demonstrated downregulated levels of GPNMB and TGF-β, and enhanced adipogenic potential. In conclusion, our data show that UHRF1 positively regulates 3T3-L1 adipogenesis and limits fibrosis by suppressing GPNMB and TGF-β signaling cascade, highlighting the potential relevance of UHRF1 and its targets to the clinical management of obesity and linked metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneera Vakayil
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aisha Y Madani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maha V Agha
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yasser Majeed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahina Hayat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shameem Yonuskunju
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yasmin Ali Mohamoud
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joel Malek
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nayef A Mazloum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
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Cremonini E, Da Silva LME, Lanzi CR, Marino M, Iglesias DE, Oteiza PI. Anthocyanins and their metabolites promote white adipose tissue beiging by regulating mitochondria thermogenesis and dynamics. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116069. [PMID: 38387526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption and excess nutrient availability can cause alterations in mitochondrial function and dynamics. We previously showed that anthocyanins (AC) decreased HFD-induced body weight gain and fat deposition. This study investigated: i) the capacity of AC to mitigate HFD-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and thermogenesis in mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT), and ii) the underlying mechanisms of action of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D3G), and their gut metabolites on mitochondria function/dynamics in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with palmitate. Mice were fed control or HFD diets, added or not with 40 mg AC/kg body weight (BW). Compared to control and AC-supplemented mice, HFD-fed mice had fewer sWAT mitochondria that presented alterations of their architecture. AC supplementation prevented HFD-induced decrease of proteins involved in mitochondria biogenesis (PPARγ, PRDM16 and PGC-1α), and thermogenesis (UCP-1), and decreased AMPK phosphorylation. AC supplementation also restored the alterations in sWAT mitochondrial dynamics (Drp-1, OPA1, MNF-2, and Fis-1) and mitophagy (BNIP3L/NIX) caused by HFD consumption. In mature 3T3-L1, C3G, D3G, and their metabolites protocatechuic acid (PCA), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HB), and gallic acid (GA) differentially affected palmitate-mediated decreased cAMP, PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways. C3G, D3G, and metabolites also prevented palmitate-mediated decreased expression of PPARγ, PRDM16, PGC-1α, and UCP1. Results suggest that consumption of select AC, i.e. cyanidin and delphinidin, could promote sWAT mitochondriogenesis and improve mitochondria dynamics in the context of HFD/obesity-induced dysmetabolism in part by regulating PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leane M E Da Silva
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Dario E Iglesias
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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11
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Dhiman S, Mannan A, Taneja A, Mohan M, Singh TG. Sirtuin dysregulation in Parkinson's disease: Implications of acetylation and deacetylation processes. Life Sci 2024; 342:122537. [PMID: 38428569 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that primarily affects motor function and is caused by a gradual decline of dopaminergic neurons in the brain's substantia pars compacta (Snpc) region. Multiple molecular pathways are involved in the pathogenesis, which results in impaired cellular functions and neuronal degeneration. However, the role of sirtuins, a type of NAD+-dependent deacetylase, in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease has recently been investigated. Sirtuins are essential for preserving cellular homeostasis because they control a number of biological processes, such as metabolism, apoptosis, and DNA repair. This review shed lights on the dysregulation of sirtuin activity in PD, highlighting the role that acetylation and deacetylation processes play in the development of the disease. Key regulators of protein acetylation, sirtuins have been found to be involved in the aberrant acetylation of vital substrates linked to PD pathology when their balance is out of balance. The hallmark characteristics of PD such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction have all been linked to the dysregulation of sirtuin expression and activity. Furthermore, we have also explored how the modulators of sirtuins can be a promising therapeutic intervention in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Dhiman
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ashi Mannan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Ayushi Taneja
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Maneesh Mohan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
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12
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Sung JY, Kim SG, Kang YJ, Park SY, Choi HC. SIRT1-dependent PGC-1α deacetylation by SRT1720 rescues progression of atherosclerosis by enhancing mitochondrial function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159453. [PMID: 38244675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence promotes atherosclerosis via lipid-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and VSMC senescence in atherosclerosis have not been established. Here, we investigated the mechanisms whereby signaling pathways regulated by SRT1720 enhance or regulate mitochondrial functions in atherosclerotic VSMCs to suppress atherosclerosis. Initially, we examined the effect of SRT1720 on oleic acid (OA)-induced atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic VSMCs exhibited elevated expressions of BODIPY and ADRP (adipose differentiation-related protein) and associated intracellular lipid droplet markers. In addition, the expression of collagen I was upregulated by OA, while the expressions of elastin and α-SMA were downregulated. mtDNA copy numbers, an ATP detection assay, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging of mitochondria, mitochondria membrane potentials (assessed using JC-1 probe), and levels of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) were used to examine the effects of SRT1720 on OA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. SRT1720 reduced mtDNA damage and accelerated mitochondria repair in VSMCs with OA-induced mitochondria dysfunction. In addition, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) levels were downregulated by SRT1720 in OA-treated VSMCs. Importantly, SRT1720 significantly increased SIRT1 and PGC-1α expression levels, but VSMCs senescence, inflammatory response, and atherosclerosis phenotypes were not recovered by treating cells with EX527 and SR-18292 before SRT1720. Mechanistically, the upregulations of SIRT1 and PGC-1α deacetylation by SRT1720 restored mitochondrial function, and consequently suppressed VSMC senescence and atherosclerosis-associated proteins and phenotypes. Collectively, this study indicates that SRT1720 can attenuate OA-induced atherosclerosis associated with VSMC senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction via SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of the PGC-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Sung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Park YJ, Kim HY, Gil TY, Kim HJ, Jin JS, Cha YY, An HJ. Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson ameliorates white adipogenesis by upregulating AMPK and SIRT1 in vitro and in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27600. [PMID: 38515723 PMCID: PMC10955265 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Although there is an established link between Magnolia Cortex (MO) and lipid metabolism in previous research, its exploration within the context of obesity has been limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the therapeutic effects of MO on obesity and its mechanism of action in vitro and in vivo. Our chromatography analysis revealed that Honokiol and Magnolol are contained in MO extract. In vitro experiments showed that lipid droplets, adipogenic, and lipogenic genes were notably diminished by increasing sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) protein expression in MO-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In vivo experiments exhibited that MO administration significantly recovered the adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation genes by increasing the SIRT1 and AMPK expression in white adipose tissue. Furthermore, hepatic steatosis by HFD feeding was ameliorated in MO-administered obese mice. We conclude that MO could be important manager for treating obesity through AMPK and SIRT1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Jin Park
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sik Jin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yeop Cha
- Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of Korean Medicine and Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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14
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Rendine M, Cocci P, de Vivo L, Bellesi M, Palermo FA. Effects of Chronic Sleep Restriction on Transcriptional Sirtuin 1 Signaling Regulation in Male Mice White Adipose Tissue. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2144-2154. [PMID: 38534754 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic sleep restriction (CSR) is a prevalent issue in modern society that is associated with several pathological states, ranging from neuropsychiatric to metabolic diseases. Despite its known impact on metabolism, the specific effects of CSR on the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis at the level of white adipose tissue (WAT) remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of CSR on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway in the WAT of young male mice. Both genes interact with specific targets involved in multiple metabolic processes, including adipocyte differentiation, browning, and lipid metabolism. The quantitative PCR (qPCR) results demonstrated a significant upregulation of SIRT-1 and some of its target genes associated with the transcriptional regulation of lipid homeostasis (i.e., PPARα, PPARγ, PGC-1α, and SREBF) and adipose tissue development (i.e., leptin, adiponectin) in CSR mice. On the contrary, DNA-binding transcription factors (i.e., CEBP-β and C-myc), which play a pivotal function during the adipogenesis process, were found to be down-regulated. Our results also suggest that the induction of SIRT1-dependent molecular pathways prevents weight gain. Overall, these findings offer new, valuable insights into the molecular adaptations of WAT to CSR, in order to support increased energy demand due to sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rendine
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Luisa de Vivo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michele Bellesi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
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15
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Alcober-Boquet L, Kraus N, Huber LS, Vutukuri R, Fuhrmann DC, Stross C, Schaefer L, Scholich K, Zeuzem S, Piiper A, Schulz MH, Trebicka J, Welsch C, Ortiz C. BI-3231, an enzymatic inhibitor of HSD17B13, reduces lipotoxic effects induced by palmitic acid in murine and human hepatocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C880-C892. [PMID: 38223924 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00413.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13), a lipid droplet-associated enzyme, is primarily expressed in the liver and plays an important role in lipid metabolism. Targeted inhibition of enzymatic function is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating steatotic liver disease (SLD). The present study is aimed at investigating the effects of the first selective HSD17B13 inhibitor, BI-3231, in a model of hepatocellular lipotoxicity using human cell lines and primary mouse hepatocytes in vitro. Lipotoxicity was induced with palmitic acid in HepG2 cells and freshly isolated mouse hepatocytes and the cells were coincubated with BI-3231 to assess the protective effects. Under lipotoxic stress, triglyceride (TG) accumulation was significantly decreased in the BI-3231-treated cells compared with that of the control untreated human and mouse hepatocytes. In addition, treatment with BI-3231 led to considerable improvement in hepatocyte proliferation, cell differentiation, and lipid homeostasis. Mechanistically, BI-3231 increased the mitochondrial respiratory function without affecting β-oxidation. BI-3231 inhibited the lipotoxic effects of palmitic acid in hepatocytes, highlighting the potential of targeting HSD17B13 as a specific therapeutic approach in steatotic liver disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY 17-β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) is a lipid droplet protein primarily expressed in the liver hepatocytes. HSD17B13 is associated with the clinical outcome of chronic liver diseases and is therefore a target for the development of drugs. Here, we demonstrate the promising therapeutic effect of BI-3231 as a potent inhibitor of HSD17B13 based on its ability to inhibit triglyceride accumulation in lipid droplets (LDs), restore lipid metabolism and homeostasis, and increase mitochondrial activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Alcober-Boquet
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nico Kraus
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Sophie Huber
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Vutukuri
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claudia Stross
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Scholich
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Albrecht Piiper
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Welsch
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Cristina Ortiz
- Medical Clinic 1, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
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16
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Wang X, Deng F, Liu J, Wang J, Chen Q, Lu J. Sirtuin 1, as a potential prognosis marker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, regulates lipid metabolism and immune infiltration. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:912-922. [PMID: 38427808 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2024.10304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignancy with a dismal prognosis, caused by the buildup of fat and glycogen. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) is a deacetylase that regulates lipid metabolism. In this study, we collected tumor and paracancer tissues from 386 ccRCC patients and followed their prognosis over an extended time period. The expression of Sirt1 in these tissues was assessed using immunohistochemistry, and LinkedOmics database analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with Sirt1. The survival curve was generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and immune infiltration was analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) web tool. Our findings revealed that Sirt1 was expressed in tumor tissues, but not in normal tissues, and its high expression was associated with a worse prognosis. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between high Sirt1 expression and perirenal fat invasion and necrosis, leading to poorer survival outcomes. We established a nomogram to predict prognosis, and a correlation was observed with immune infiltration. In conclusion, our results suggest that high Sirt1 expression is associated with lipid metabolism disorder and immune infiltration, ultimately contributing to a dismal prognosis in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangqi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiexi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Comprehensive Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Popescu RG, Dinischiotu A, Soare T, Vlase E, Marinescu GC. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) Works in Type 2 Diabetes through Unexpected Effects in Adipose Tissue, Not by Mitochondrial Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2594. [PMID: 38473844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has emerged as a promising therapeutic intervention for age-related disorders, including type 2 diabetes. In this study, we confirmed the previously observed effects of NMN treatment on glucose uptake and investigated its underlying mechanisms in various tissues and cell lines. Through the most comprehensive proteomic analysis to date, we discovered a series of novel organ-specific effects responsible for glucose uptake as measured by the IPGTT: adipose tissue growing (suggested by increased protein synthesis and degradation and mTOR proliferation signaling upregulation). Notably, we observed the upregulation of thermogenic UCP1, promoting enhanced glucose conversion to heat in intermuscular adipose tissue while showing a surprising repressive effect on mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle and the brain. Additionally, liver and muscle cells displayed a unique response, characterized by spliceosome downregulation and concurrent upregulation of chaperones, proteasomes, and ribosomes, leading to mildly impaired and energy-inefficient protein synthesis machinery. Furthermore, our findings revealed remarkable metabolic rewiring in the brain. This involved increased production of ketone bodies, downregulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS and TCA cycle components, as well as the induction of well-known fasting-associated effects. Collectively, our data elucidate the multifaceted nature of NMN action, highlighting its organ-specific effects and their role in improving glucose uptake. These findings deepen our understanding of NMN's therapeutic potential and pave the way for novel strategies in managing metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Gabriela Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Independent Research Association, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
- Blue Screen SRL, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodoru Soare
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ene Vlase
- Animals Facility Laboratory, Cantacuzino National Institute for Medico-Military Research and Development, 013821 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Cătălin Marinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Independent Research Association, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
- Blue Screen SRL, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
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18
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Luo Y, Li C. Advances in Research Related to MicroRNA for Diabetic Retinopathy. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:8520489. [PMID: 38375094 PMCID: PMC10876316 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8520489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes and is one of the primary causes of blindness in the working-age population in Europe and the United States. At present, no cure is available for DR, but early detection and timely intervention can prevent the rapid progression of the disease. Several treatments for DR are known, primarily ophthalmic treatment based on glycemia, blood pressure, and lipid control, which includes laser photocoagulation, glucocorticoids, vitrectomy, and antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications. Despite the clinical efficacy of the aforementioned therapies, none of them can entirely shorten the clinical course of DR or reverse retinopathy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital regulators of gene expression and participate in cell growth, differentiation, development, and apoptosis. MicroRNAs have been shown to play a significant role in DR, particularly in the molecular mechanisms of inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. The aim of this review is to systematically summarize the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of miRNAs involved in the occurrence and development of DR, mainly from the pathogenesis of oxidative stress, inflammation, and neovascularization. Meanwhile, this article also discusses the research progress and application of miRNA-specific therapies for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Luo
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
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19
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Chen X, Wang Z, Li C, Zhang Z, Lu S, Wang X, Liang Q, Zhu X, Pan C, Wang Q, Ji Z, Wang Y, Piao M, Chi G, Ge P. SIRT1 activated by AROS sensitizes glioma cells to ferroptosis via induction of NAD+ depletion-dependent activation of ATF3. Redox Biol 2024; 69:103030. [PMID: 38181705 PMCID: PMC10791567 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death resulting from iron overload-dependent lipid peroxidation, and could be promoted by activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). SIRT1 is an enzyme accounting for removing acetylated lysine residues from target proteins by consuming NAD+, but its role remains elusive in ferroptosis and activating ATF3. In this study, we found SIRT1 was activated during the process of RSL3-induced glioma cell ferroptosis. Moreover, the glioma cell death was aggravated by SIRT1 activator SRT2183, but suppressed by SIRT inhibitor EX527 or when SIRT1 was silenced with siRNA. These indicated SIRT1 sensitized glioma cells to ferroptosis. Furthermore, we found SIRT1 promoted RSL3-induced expressional upregulation and nuclear translocation of ATF3. Silence of ATF3 with siRNA attenuated RSL3-induced increases of ferrous iron and lipid peroxidation, downregulation of SLC7A11 and GPX4 and depletion of cysteine and GSH. Thus, SIRT1 promoted glioma cell ferroptosis by inducting ATF3 activation. Mechanistically, ATF3 activation was reinforced when RSL3-induced decline of NAD+ was aggravated by FK866 that could inhibit NAD + synthesis via salvage pathway, but suppressed when intracellular NAD+ was maintained at higher level by supplement of exogenous NAD+. Notably, the NAD + decline caused by RSL3 was enhanced when SIRT1 was further activated by SRT2183, but attenuated when SIRT1 activation was inhibited by EX527. These indicated SIRT1 promoted ATF3 activation via consumption of NAD+. Finally, we found RSL3 activated SIRT1 by inducing reactive oxygen species-dependent upregulation of AROS. Together, our study revealed SIRT1 activated by AROS sensitizes glioma cells to ferroptosis via activation of ATF3-dependent inhibition of SLC7A11 and GPX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Research Center of Neuroscience, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhenchuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Research Center of Neuroscience, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Research Center of Neuroscience, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Research Center of Neuroscience, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xuanzhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chengliang Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qingxuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhilin Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Meihua Piao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guangfan Chi
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Research Center of Neuroscience, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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20
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Alvarez S, Vanasco V, Adán Areán JS, Magnani N, Evelson P. Mitochondrial Mechanisms in Immunity and Inflammatory Conditions: Beyond Energy Management. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38062738 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Significance: The growing importance of mitochondria in the immune response and inflammation is multifaceted. Unraveling the different mechanisms by which mitochondria have a relevant role in the inflammatory response beyond the energy management of the process is necessary for improving our understanding of the host immune defense and the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases and syndromes. Critical Issues: Mitochondria are relevant in the immune response at different levels, including releasing activation molecules, changing its structure and function to accompany the immune response, and serving as a structural base for activating intermediates as NLRP3 inflammasome. In this scientific journey of dissecting mitochondrial mechanisms, new questions and interesting aspects arise, such as the involvement of mitochondrial-derived vesicles in the immune response with the putative role of preventing uncontrolled situations. Recent Advances: Researchers are continuously rethinking the role of mitochondria in acute and chronic inflammation and related disorders. As such, mitochondria have important roles as centrally positioned signaling hubs in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. In this review, we present the current understanding of mitochondrial mechanisms involved, beyond the largely known mitochondrial dysfunction, in the onset and development of inflammatory situations. Future Directions: Mitochondria emerge as an interesting and multifaceted platform for studying and developing pharmaceutical and therapeutic approaches. There are many ongoing studies aimed to describe the effects of specific mitochondrial targeted molecules and treatments to ameliorate the consequences of exacerbated inflammatory components of pathologies and syndromes, resulting in an open area of increasing research interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alvarez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Virginia Vanasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Juan Santiago Adán Areán
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Natalia Magnani
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Pablo Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
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21
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Favero G, Golic I, Arnaboldi F, Cappella A, Korac A, Monsalve M, Stacchiotti A, Rezzani R. Cardiometabolic Changes in Sirtuin1-Heterozygous Mice on High-Fat Diet and Melatonin Supplementation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:860. [PMID: 38255934 PMCID: PMC10815439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A hypercaloric fatty diet predisposes an individual to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) belongs to the class III histone deacetylase family and sustains anabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fat distribution. Epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) is involved in inflammation, whilst interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) drives metabolism in obese rodents. Melatonin, a pineal indoleamine, acting as a SIRT1 modulator, may alleviate cardiometabolic damage. In the present study, we morphologically characterized the heart, eWAT, and iBAT in male heterozygous SIRT1+/- mice (HET mice) on a high-fat diet (60%E lard) versus a standard rodent diet (8.5% E fat) and drinking melatonin (10 mg/kg) for 16 weeks. Wild-type (WT) male C57Bl6/J mice were similarly fed for comparison. Cardiomyocyte fibrosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response worsened in HET mice on a high-fat diet vs. other groups. Lipid peroxidation, ER, and mitochondrial stress were assessed by 4 hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78), CCAA/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), and mitofusin2 immunostainings. Ultrastructural analysis indicated the prevalence of atypical inter-myofibrillar mitochondria with short, misaligned cristae in HET mice on a lard diet despite melatonin supplementation. Abnormal eWAT adipocytes, crown-like inflammatory structures, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and iBAT whitening characterized HET mice on a hypercaloric fatty diet and were maintained after melatonin supply. All these data suggest that melatonin's mechanism of action is strictly linked to full SIRT1 expression, which is required for the exhibition of effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Favero
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.F.); (R.R.)
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Igor Golic
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Francesca Arnaboldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Annalisa Cappella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (A.C.)
- U.O. Laboratorio di Morfologia Umana Applicata, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Korac
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Maria Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alessandra Stacchiotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.A.); (A.C.)
- U.O. Laboratorio di Morfologia Umana Applicata, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (G.F.); (R.R.)
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research “Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)”, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Italian Society for the Study of Orofacial Pain (Società Italiana Studio Dolore Orofacciale—SISDO), 25123 Brescia, Italy
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22
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Wang X, Li N, Zheng M, Yu Y, Zhang S. Acetylation and deacetylation of histone in adipocyte differentiation and the potential significance in cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 39:101815. [PMID: 37935080 PMCID: PMC10654249 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are derived from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells and can develop into several cell types including adipocytes, myocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by a variety of transcription factors and signaling pathways. Various epigenetic factors, particularly histone modifications, play key roles in adipocyte differentiation and have indispensable functions in altering chromatin conformation. Histone acetylases and deacetylases participate in the regulation of protein acetylation, mediate transcriptional and post-translational modifications, and directly acetylate or deacetylate various transcription factors and regulatory proteins. The adipocyte differentiation of stem cells plays a key role in various metabolic diseases. Cancer stem cells(CSCs) play an important function in cancer metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance, and have the characteristics of stem cells. They are expressed in various cell lineages, including adipocytes. Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells that undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation can undergo adipocytic differentiation, thereby reducing the degree of malignancy. This opens up new possibilities for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the regulation of acetylation during adipocyte differentiation, involving the functions of histone acetylating and deacetylating enzymes as well as non-histone acetylation modifications. Mechanistic studies on adipogenesis and acetylation during the differentiation of cancer cells into a benign cell phenotype may help identify new targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China; Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China; Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Yongjun Yu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China.
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23
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El Safadi D, Lebeau G, Turpin J, Lefebvre d’Hellencourt C, Diotel N, Viranaicken W, Krejbich-Trotot P. The Antiviral Potential of AdipoRon, an Adiponectin Receptor Agonist, Reveals the Ability of Zika Virus to Deregulate Adiponectin Receptor Expression. Viruses 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 38257725 PMCID: PMC10820441 DOI: 10.3390/v16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a pathogenic member of the flavivirus family, with several unique characteristics. Unlike any other arbovirus, ZIKV can be transmitted sexually and maternally, and thus produce congenital syndromes (CZS) due to its neurotropism. This challenges the search for safe active molecules that can protect pregnant women and their fetuses. In this context, and in the absence of any existing treatment, it seemed worthwhile to test whether the known cytoprotective properties of adiponectin and its pharmacological analog, AdipoRon, could influence the outcome of ZIKV infection. We showed that both AdipoRon and adiponectin could significantly reduce the in vitro infection of A549 epithelial cells, a well-known cell model for flavivirus infection studies. This effect was particularly observed when a pre-treatment was carried out. Conversely, ZIKV revealed an ability to downregulate adiponectin receptor expression and thereby limit adiponectin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daed El Safadi
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Grégorie Lebeau
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Christian Lefebvre d’Hellencourt
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Wildriss Viranaicken
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
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24
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Gorman-Sandler E, Wood G, Cloude N, Frambes N, Brennen H, Robertson B, Hollis F. Mitochondrial might: powering the peripartum for risk and resilience. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1286811. [PMID: 38187925 PMCID: PMC10767224 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1286811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The peripartum period, characterized by dynamic hormonal shifts and physiological adaptations, has been recognized as a potentially vulnerable period for the development of mood disorders such as postpartum depression (PPD). Stress is a well-established risk factor for developing PPD and is known to modulate mitochondrial function. While primarily known for their role in energy production, mitochondria also influence processes such as stress regulation, steroid hormone synthesis, glucocorticoid response, GABA metabolism, and immune modulation - all of which are crucial for healthy pregnancy and relevant to PPD pathology. While mitochondrial function has been implicated in other psychiatric illnesses, its role in peripartum stress and mental health remains largely unexplored, especially in relation to the brain. In this review, we first provide an overview of mitochondrial involvement in processes implicated in peripartum mood disorders, underscoring their potential role in mediating pathology. We then discuss clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondria in the context of peripartum stress and mental health, emphasizing the need for better understanding of this relationship. Finally, we propose mitochondria as biological mediators of resilience to peripartum mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Gorman-Sandler
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
- Columbia VA Healthcare System, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Gabrielle Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Nazharee Cloude
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Noelle Frambes
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Hannah Brennen
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Breanna Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Fiona Hollis
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
- Columbia VA Healthcare System, Columbia, SC, United States
- USC Institute for Cardiovascular Disease Research, Columbia, SC, United States
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25
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Sun X, Yang X, Gui W, Liu S, Gui Q. Sirtuins and autophagy in lipid metabolism. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:978-987. [PMID: 37755711 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins are a family of NAD+ -dependent deacetylases that regulate some important biological processes, including lipid metabolism and autophagy, through their deacetylase function. Autophagy is a new discovery in the field of lipid metabolism, which may provide a new idea for the regulation of lipid metabolism. There are many tandem parts in the regulation process of lipid metabolism and autophagy of sirtuins protein family. This paper summarized these tandem parts and proposed the possibility of sirtuins regulating lipid autophagy, as well as the interaction and synergy between sirtuins protein family. Currently, some natural drugs have been reported to affect metabolism by regulating sirtuins, some of which regulate autophagy by targeting sirtuins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoting Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wanfei Gui
- Department of Medicine, Chuanshan College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Songling Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qingjun Gui
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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26
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Ran H, He Q, Han Y, Wang J, Wang H, Yue B, Zhang M, Chai Z, Cai X, Zhong J, Wang H. Functional study and epigenetic targets analyses of SIRT1 in intramuscular preadipocytes via ChIP-seq and mRNA-seq. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2135194. [PMID: 36264146 PMCID: PMC9980681 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2135194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The SIRT1 epigenetic regulator is involved in hepatic lipid homoeostasis. However, the role of SIRT1 in regulating intramuscular fat deposition as well as the pathways and potential epigenetic targets involved remain unknown. Herein, we investigate SIRT1 function, its genome-wide epigenetic target profile, and transcriptomic changes under SIRT1 overexpression during yak intramuscular preadipocytes differentiation. To this end, we analysed the relationship between SIRT1 and intramuscular fat content as well as lipid metabolism-related genes in longissimus dorsi tissue. We found that SIRT1 expression negatively correlates with intramuscular fat content as well as with the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis, while positively correlating with that of fatty acid oxidation-involved genes. SIRT1 overexpression in intramuscular preadipocytes significantly reduced adipose differentiation marker expression, intracellular triacylglycerol content, and lipid deposition. Chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing of H3K4ac (a known direct target of SIRT1) and high-throughput mRNA sequencing results revealed that SIRT1 may regulate intramuscular fat deposition via three potential new transcription factors (NRF1, NKX3.1, and EGR1) and four genes (MAPK1, RXRA, AGPAT1, and HADH) implicated in protein processing within the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and the MAPK signalling pathway in yaks. Our study provides novel insights into the role of SIRT1 in regulating yak intramuscular fat deposition and may help clarify the mechanistic determinants of yak meat characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Ran
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuya He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Han
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jikun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Binglin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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27
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Baek H, Sanjay, Park M, Lee HJ. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside protects the brain and improves cognitive function in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenic mice model. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:268. [PMID: 37978414 PMCID: PMC10655395 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02950-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a natural anthocyanin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, as the effects of C3G on the amyloidogenic pathway, autophagy, tau phosphorylation, neuronal cell death, and synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease models have not been reported, we attempted to investigate the same in the brains of APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice were analyzed. After oral administration of C3G (30 mg/kg/day) for 16 weeks, the cortical and hippocampal regions in the brains of APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice were analyzed. C3G treatment reduced the levels of soluble and insoluble Aβ (Aβ40 and Aβ42) peptides and reduced the protein expression of the amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1, and β-secretase in the cortical and hippocampal regions. And C3G treatment upregulated the expression of autophagy-related markers, LC3B-II, LAMP-1, TFEB, and PPAR-α and downregulated that of SQSTM1/p62, improving the autophagy of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. In addition, C3G increased the protein expression of phosphorylated-AMPK/AMPK and Sirtuin 1 and decreased that of mitogen-activated protein kinases, such as phosphorylated-Akt/Akt and phosphorylated-ERK/ERK, thus demonstrating its neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, C3G regulated the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling by upregulating phosphorylated-Akt/Akt and phosphorylated-GSK3β/GSK3β expression. C3G administration mitigated tau phosphorylation and improved synaptic function and plasticity by upregulating the expression of synapse-associated proteins synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein-95. Although the potential of C3G in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mouse models has not yet been reported, oral administration of the C3G is shown to protect the brain and improve cognitive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Baek
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Miey Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Liu X, Gao L, Huang X, Deng R, Wu S, Peng Y, Lu J. Huangqi-Danshen decoction protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1236820. [PMID: 38034992 PMCID: PMC10687478 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1236820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by cisplatin remains a major impediment to the clinical application of cisplatin, necessitating urgent exploration for promising solutions. Huangqi-Danshen decoction (HDD), a Chinese herbal preparation, has been shown by our group to have a reno-protective effect in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease mice and diabetic db/db mice. However, the effect of HDD on cisplatin-induced AKI and its underlying mechanisms are unknown. Methods: The AKI model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg) in C57BL/6 mice. The mice in the treatment group were administrated with HDD (6.8 g/kg/d) for 5 consecutive days before cisplatin challenge. After 72 h cisplatin injection, blood and kidney tissue were subsequently collected for biochemical detection, histopathological evaluation, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to detect changes in renal metabolites. Results: The results showed that HDD significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels and alleviated renal histopathological injury in cisplatin-induced AKI mice. And HDD treatment demonstrated a significant inhibition in apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in AKI mice. Moreover, non-target metabolomics revealed that HDD significantly restored 165 altered metabolites in AKI mice. Subsequent enrichment analysis and pathway analysis of these metabolites indicated that nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism was the primary pathway affected by HDD intervention. Further investigation showed that HDD could upregulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis-related enzymes quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1, and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase to replenish NAD+ content in the kidney of AKI mice. Conclusion: In summary, HDD exerted a protective effect against cisplatin-induced AKI and suppressed apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the kidney of AKI mice, which may be attributed to the modulation of NAD+ biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liwen Gao
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Huang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruyu Deng
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Peng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiandong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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29
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Wątroba M, Szewczyk G, Szukiewicz D. The Role of Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) in the Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Human Placenta. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16210. [PMID: 38003402 PMCID: PMC10671790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, especially SIRT1, play a significant role in regulating inflammatory response, autophagy, and cell response to oxidative stress. Since their discovery, sirtuins have been regarded as anti-ageing and longevity-promoting enzymes. Sirtuin-regulated processes seem to participate in the most prevalent placental pathologies, such as pre-eclampsia. Furthermore, more and more research studies indicate that SIRT1 may prevent pre-eclampsia development or at least alleviate its manifestations. Having considered this, we reviewed recent studies on the role of sirtuins, especially SIRT1, in processes determining normal or abnormal development and functioning of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology & Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (G.S.)
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30
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Jiang WJ, Lee SH, Heo G, Chung HJ, Cho ES, Sa SJ, Hochi S, Cui XS. Knockdown of Y-box binding protein 1 induces autophagy in early porcine embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1238546. [PMID: 37965572 PMCID: PMC10642524 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1238546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) plays important roles in RNA stabilization, translation, transcriptional regulation, and mitophagy. However, its effects on porcine preimplantation embryos remain unclear. In this study, we knocked down YBX1 in the one-cell (1C) stage embryo via small interfering RNA microinjection to determine its function in porcine embryo development. The mRNA level of YBX1 was found to be highly expressed at the four-cell (4C) stage in porcine embryos compared with one-cell (1C) and two-cell (2C) stages. The number of blastocysts was reduced following YBX1 knockdown. Notably, YBX1 knockdown decreased the phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PRKN) mRNA levels. YBX1 knockdown also decreased PINK1, active mitochondria, and sirtuin 1 levels, indicating reduced mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, YBX1 knockdown increased the levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and calnexin, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additionally, YBX1 knockdown increased autophagy and apoptosis. In conclusion, knockdown of YBX1 decreases mitochondrial function, while increasing ER stress and autophagy during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Jiang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Heo
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Jae Chung
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seok Cho
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Sa
- Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Iseo-myeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinichi Hochi
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Japan
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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31
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Pyrzanowska-Banasiak A, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Bukowska B, Krokosz A. A multifaceted assessment of strigolactone GR24 and its derivatives: from anticancer and antidiabetic activities to antioxidant capacity and beyond. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1242935. [PMID: 37954978 PMCID: PMC10639149 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1242935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Strigolactones are signaling molecules produced by plants, the main functions are the intracorporeal control of plant development and plant growth. GR24 strigolactone is one of the synthetic strigolactones and due to its universality and easy availability, it is a standard and model compound for research on the properties and role of strigolactones in human health. Purpose: In this research work, the impact of mainly GR24 strigolactone on the human body and the role of this strigol-type lactone in many processes that take place within the human body are reviewed. Study design: The article is a review of publications on the use of GR24 strigolactone in studies from 2010-2023. Publications were searched using PubMed, Elsevier, Frontiers, and Springer databases. The Google Scholar search engine was also used. For the review original research papers and reviews related to the presented topic were selected. Results: The promising properties of GR24 and other strigolactone analogs in anti-cancer therapy are presented. Tumor development is associated with increased angiogenesis. Strigolactones have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis, which may enhance the anticancer effect of these γ-lactones. Furthermore, it has been shown that strigolactones have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. There are also a few reports which show that the strigolactone analog may have antimicrobial and antiviral activity against human pathogens. Conclusion: When all of this is considered, strigolactones are molecules whose versatile action is their undeniable advantage. The development of research on these phytohormones makes it possible to discover their new, unique properties and surprising biological activities in relation to many mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Pyrzanowska-Banasiak
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Türkiye
| | - Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anita Krokosz
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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32
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Hwang MS, Park J, Ham Y, Lee IH, Chun KH. Roles of Protein Post-Translational Modifications During Adipocyte Senescence. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5245-5256. [PMID: 37928271 PMCID: PMC10620833 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are adipose tissues that supply energy to the body through lipids. The two main types of adipocytes comprise white adipocytes (WAT) that store energy, and brown adipocytes (BAT), which generate heat by burning stored fat (thermogenesis). Emerging evidence indicates that dysregulated adipocyte senescence may disrupt metabolic homeostasis, leading to various diseases and aging. Adipocytes undergo senescence via irreversible cell-cycle arrest in response to DNA damage, oxidative stress, telomere dysfunction, or adipocyte over-expansion upon chronic lipid accumulation. The amount of detectable BAT decreases with age. Activation of cell cycle regulators and dysregulation of adipogenesis-regulating factors may constitute a molecular mechanism that accelerates adipocyte senescence. To better understand the regulation of adipocyte senescence, the effects of post-translational modifications (PTMs), is essential for clarifying the activity and stability of these proteins. PTMs are covalent enzymatic protein modifications introduced following protein biosynthesis, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, or glycosylation. Determining the contribution of PTMs to adipocyte senescence may identify new therapeutic targets for the regulation of adipocyte senescence. In this review, we discuss a conceptual case in which PTMs regulate adipocyte senescence and explain the mechanisms underlying protein regulation, which may lead to the development of effective strategies to combat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seon Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Institute of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingyeong Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunha Ham
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Chun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Institute of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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33
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Eng PC, Forlano R, Tan T, Manousou P, Dhillo WS, Izzi-Engbeaya C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women - Current knowledge and emerging concepts. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100835. [PMID: 37771547 PMCID: PMC10522907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver disease worldwide, affecting up to 30% of adults. Progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a key risk factor for cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and cardiovascular events. Alterations in reproductive hormones are linked to the development and/or progression of NAFLD/NASH in women. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome and those with oestrogen deficiency are at increased risk of NAFLD/NASH, with higher mortality rates in older women compared to men of similar ages. NAFLD/NASH is currently the leading indication for liver transplantation in women without hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, a better understanding of NAFLD in women is needed to improve outcomes. In this review, we discuss the hormonal and non-hormonal factors that contribute to NAFLD development and progression in women. Furthermore, we highlight areas of focus for clinical practice and for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chia Eng
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Roberta Forlano
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Hepatology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tricia Tan
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Pinelopi Manousou
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Hepatology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Waljit S. Dhillo
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Chioma Izzi-Engbeaya
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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34
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Petri BJ, Piell KM, Wahlang B, Head KZ, Rouchka EC, Park JW, Hwang JY, Banerjee M, Cave MC, Klinge CM. Altered splicing factor and alternative splicing events in a mouse model of diet- and polychlorinated biphenyl-induced liver disease. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 103:104260. [PMID: 37683712 PMCID: PMC10591945 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with human environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Alternative splicing (AS) is dysregulated in steatotic liver disease and is regulated by splicing factors (SFs) and N-6 methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Here integrated analysis of hepatic mRNA-sequencing data was used to identify differentially expressed SFs and differential AS events (ASEs) in the livers of high fat diet-fed C57BL/6 J male mice exposed to Aroclor1260, PCB126, Aroclor1260 + PCB126, or vehicle control. Aroclor1260 + PCB126 co-exposure altered 100 SFs and replicate multivariate analysis of transcript splicing (rMATS) identified 449 ASEs in 366 genes associated with NAFLD pathways. These ASEs were similar to those resulting from experimental perturbations in m6A writers, readers, and erasers. These results demonstrate specific hepatic SF and AS regulatory mechanisms are disrupted by HFD and PCB exposures, contributing to the expression of altered isoforms that may play a role in NAFLD progression to NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Kellianne M Piell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Banrida Wahlang
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA; University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, USA; The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kimberly Z Head
- University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, USA; The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; KY INBRE Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, USA
| | - Juw Won Park
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA; KY INBRE Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Jae Yeon Hwang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Mayukh Banerjee
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA; University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, USA; The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), USA.
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Yoon J, Kaya S, Matsumae G, Dole N, Alliston T. miR181a/b-1 controls osteocyte metabolism and mechanical properties independently of bone morphology. Bone 2023; 175:116836. [PMID: 37414200 PMCID: PMC11156520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone derives its ability to resist fracture from bone mass and quality concurrently; however, many questions about the molecular mechanisms controlling bone quality remain unanswered, limiting the development of diagnostics and therapeutics. Despite the increasing evidence on the importance of miR181a/b-1 in bone homeostasis and disease, whether and how osteocyte-intrinsic miR181a/b-1 controls bone quality remains elusive. Osteocyte-intrinsic deletion of miR181a/b-1 in osteocytes in vivo resulted in compromised overall bone mechanical behavior in both sexes, although the parameters affected by miR181a/b-1 varied distinctly based on sex. Furthermore, impaired fracture resistance in both sexes was unexplained by cortical bone morphology, which was altered in female mice and intact in male mice with miR181a/b-1-deficient osteocytes. The role of miR181a/b-1 in the regulation of osteocyte metabolism was apparent in bioenergetic testing of miR181a/b-1-deficient OCY454 osteocyte-like cells and transcriptomic analysis of cortical bone from mice with osteocyte-intrinsic ablation of miR181a/b-1. Altogether, this study demonstrates the control of osteocyte bioenergetics and the sexually dimorphic regulation of cortical bone morphology and mechanical properties by miR181a/b-1, hinting at the role of osteocyte metabolism in the regulation of mechanical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihee Yoon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, California, USA; Oral and Craniofacial Sciences Program, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Serra Kaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Gen Matsumae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Neha Dole
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, AR, USA
| | - Tamara Alliston
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, California, USA; Oral and Craniofacial Sciences Program, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, California, USA.
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36
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Fu RH, Hong SY, Chen HJ. Syringin Prevents 6-Hydroxydopamine Neurotoxicity by Mediating the MiR-34a/SIRT1/Beclin-1 Pathway and Activating Autophagy in SH-SY5Y Cells and the Caenorhabditis elegans Model. Cells 2023; 12:2310. [PMID: 37759532 PMCID: PMC10527269 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective autophagy is one of the cellular hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, a therapeutic strategy could be a modest enhancement of autophagic activity in dopamine (DA) neurons to deal with the clearance of damaged mitochondria and abnormal protein aggregates. Syringin (SRG) is a phenolic glycoside derived from the root of Acanthopanax senticosus. It has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether it has a preventive effect on PD remains unclear. The present study found that SRG reversed the increase in intracellular ROS-caused apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells induced by neurotoxin 6-OHDA exposure. Likewise, in C. elegans, degeneration of DA neurons, DA-related food-sensitive behaviors, longevity, and accumulation of α-synuclein were also improved. Studies of neuroprotective mechanisms have shown that SRG can reverse the suppressed expression of SIRT1, Beclin-1, and other autophagy markers in 6-OHDA-exposed cells. Thus, these enhanced the formation of autophagic vacuoles and autophagy activity. This protective effect can be blocked by pretreatment with wortmannin (an autophagosome formation blocker) and bafilomycin A1 (an autophagosome-lysosome fusion blocker). In addition, 6-OHDA increases the acetylation of Beclin-1, leading to its inactivation. SRG can induce the expression of SIRT1 and promote the deacetylation of Beclin-1. Finally, we found that SRG reduced the 6-OHDA-induced expression of miR-34a targeting SIRT1. The overexpression of miR-34a mimic abolishes the neuroprotective ability of SRG. In conclusion, SRG induces autophagy via partially regulating the miR-34a/SIRT1/Beclin-1 axis to prevent 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis and α-synuclein accumulation. SRG has the opportunity to be established as a candidate agent for the prevention and cure of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Syuan-Yu Hong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Jye Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
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37
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Juan CG, Matchett KB, Davison GW. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the SIRT1 response to exercise. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14752. [PMID: 37679377 PMCID: PMC10485048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a key physiological regulator of metabolism and a target of therapeutic interventions for cardiometabolic and ageing-related disorders. Determining the factors and possible mechanisms of acute and adaptive SIRT1 response to exercise is essential for optimising exercise interventions aligned to the prevention and onset of disease. Exercise-induced SIRT1 upregulation has been reported in animals, but, to date, data in humans have been inconsistent. This exploratory systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess various exercise interventions measuring SIRT1 in healthy participants. A total of 34 studies were included in the meta-analysis (13 single bout exercise, 21 training interventions). Studies were grouped according to tissue sample type (blood, muscle), biomarkers (gene expression, protein content, enzyme level, enzyme activity), and exercise protocols. A single bout of high-intensity or fasted exercise per se increases skeletal muscle SIRT1 gene expression as measured by qPCR or RT-PCR, while repeated resistance training alone increases blood SIRT1 levels measured by ELISA. A limited number of studies also show a propensity for an increase in muscle SIRT1 activity as measured by fluorometric or sirtuin activity assay. In conclusion, exercise acutely upregulates muscle SIRT1 gene expression and chronically increases SIRT1 blood enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Gallardo Juan
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK.
| | - Kyle B Matchett
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Derry/Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
| | - Gareth W Davison
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
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38
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Koh YC, Lin SJ, Hsu KY, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT, Pan MH. Pterostilbene Enhances Thermogenesis and Mitochondrial Biogenesis by Activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3 Pathway to Prevent Western Diet-Induced Obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300370. [PMID: 37485771 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (SIRT1/PGC-1α) pathway activation is known to promote thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. Pterostilbene (PSB) and pinostilbene (PIN), the methylated analogs of resveratrol, are potential candidates to enhance thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. METHOD AND RESULTS A model of Western diet-induced obesity in mice is designed. Either PSB or PIN is supplemented in the diet for 16 weeks. Both samples can significantly reduce body weight gain but only PSB can decrease inguinal adipose tissue weight. Besides, both samples can promote lipolysis but only PSB supplementation activates the SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis in the inguinal adipose tissue. In addition, although both samples exert a modulatory effect on gut microbiota but significant increments in fecal isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid are only observed in the PSB group, functioning as gut microbial metabolites. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings suggest PSB and PIN as potential candidates for the improvement of obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. With its higher stability, PSB exerts a greater effect than PIN by promoting thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis via SIRT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Jhih Lin
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yu Hsu
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City, 41354, Taiwan
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Wencel PL, Blecharz-Klin K, Piechal A, Pyrzanowska J, Mirowska-Guzel D, Strosznajder RP. Fingolimod Modulates the Gene Expression of Proteins Engaged in Inflammation and Amyloid-Beta Metabolism and Improves Exploratory and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Obese Mice. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1388-1404. [PMID: 37432552 PMCID: PMC10480137 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is considered a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, which has become one of the most important health problems, and is also linked with memory and executive function decline. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that regulates cell death/survival and the inflammatory response via its specific receptors (S1PRs). Since the role of S1P and S1PRs in obesity is rather obscure, we examined the effect of fingolimod (an S1PR modulator) on the expression profile of genes encoding S1PRs, sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1), proteins engaged in amyloid-beta (Aβ) generation (ADAM10, BACE1, PSEN2), GSK3β, proapoptotic Bax, and proinflammatory cytokines in the cortex and hippocampus of obese/prediabetic mouse brains. In addition, we observed behavioral changes. Our results revealed significantly elevated mRNA levels of Bace1, Psen2, Gsk3b, Sphk1, Bax, and proinflammatory cytokines, which were accompanied by downregulation of S1pr1 and sirtuin 1 in obese mice. Moreover, locomotor activity, spatially guided exploratory behavior, and object recognition were impaired. Simultaneously, fingolimod reversed alterations in the expressions of the cytokines, Bace1, Psen2, and Gsk3b that occurred in the brain, elevated S1pr3 mRNA levels, restored normal cognition-related behavior patterns, and exerted anxiolytic effects. The improvement in episodic and recognition memory observed in this animal model of obesity may suggest a beneficial effect of fingolimod on central nervous system function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Wencel
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego St., 02106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - K Blecharz-Klin
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St., 02097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Piechal
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St., 02097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Pyrzanowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St., 02097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Mirowska-Guzel
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St., 02097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R P Strosznajder
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego St., 02106, Warsaw, Poland
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Yamane T, Imai M, Bamba T, Uchiyama S. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) intake increases plasma NMN and insulin levels in healthy subjects. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 56:83-86. [PMID: 37344088 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme of the NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). An increase in NAD+ concentration induces SIRT1 activation that results in various health benefits. Since nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor of NAD+, NMN ingestion is expected to have multiple health benefits such as alleviation of aging, lifestyle-related and neurodegenerative diseases, through the activation of SIRT1. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of daily NMN ingestion on plasma levels of NMN and NAD+. METHODS Healthy volunteers received 250 mg of NMN once a day in the morning (n = 11) for 12 weeks, and the plasma concentrations of NMN and NAD+ were measured monthly. Physiological and laboratory tests were performed within 2 h after lunch (at 2 pm) before and during NMN administration. RESULTS Oral administration of NMN increased the plasma concentrations of NMN and NAD+, and the postprandial serum insulin levels. The elevation levels of NMN and insulin varied widely among individuals. No adverse symptoms were observed in the participants. CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of NMN elevates plasma levels of NMN and NAD+, and postprandial serum insulin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yamane
- Institute of Metabolomics, BYU-Analytica Inc., Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Momoko Imai
- Institute of Metabolomics, BYU-Analytica Inc., Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Institute of Metabolomics, BYU-Analytica Inc., Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Institute of Metabolomics, BYU-Analytica Inc., Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Yang Y, Peng W, Su X, Yue B, Shu S, Wang J, Fu C, Zhong J, Wang H. Epigenomics Analysis of the Suppression Role of SIRT1 via H3K9 Deacetylation in Preadipocyte Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11281. [PMID: 37511041 PMCID: PMC10379189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) overexpression significantly inhibits lipid deposition during yak intramuscular preadipocyte (YIMA) differentiation; however, the regulatory mechanism remains unknown. We elucidated the role of SIRT1 in YIMA differentiation using lentivirus-mediated downregulation technology and conducted mRNA-seq and ChIP-seq assays using H3K9ac antibodies after SIRT1 overexpression in order to reveal SIRT1 targets during YIMA adipogenesis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed in order to identify the functional annotation of common genes. In addition, a potential target of SIRT1 was selected to verify its effects on the differentiation and proliferation of YIMAs. SIRT1 interfered with lipid deposition and promoted YIMA differentiation. In total, 143,518 specific peaks were identified after SIRT1 overexpression, where genes associated with downregulation peaks were enriched in transcription, gene expression, lipid-related processes, and classical lipid-related pathways. The H3K9ac signal in the whole genome promoter region (2 kb upstream and downstream of the transcription start site (TSS)) was weakened, and the peaks were distributed across all gene functional regions. Genes that lost signals in their TSS region or gene body region were enriched in both biological processes and pathways associated with lipogenesis. The ChIP-seq results revealed 714 common differential genes in mRNA-seq, which were enriched in "MAPK signaling", "lipid and atherosclerosis", "mTOR signaling", and "FoxO signaling" pathways. A total of 445 genes were downregulated in both their H3K9ac signals and mRNA expression, and one of their most significantly enriched pathways was FoxO signaling. Nine genes (FBP2, FPGT, HSD17B11, KCNJ15, MAP3K20, SLC5A3, TRIM23, ZCCHC10, and ZMYM1) lost the H3K9ac signal in their TSS regions and had low mRNA expression, and three genes (KCNJ15, TGM3, and TRIM54) had low expression but lost their H3K9ac signal in the gene body region. The interference of TRIM23 significantly inhibited fat deposition during preadipocyte differentiation and promoted cell proliferation by increasing S-phase cell numbers. The present study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of intramuscular fat content deposition and the epigenetic role of SIRT1 in adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhualamu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xiaolong Su
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Binglin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Shi Shu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jikun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Changqi Fu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jincheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
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Wesolowski LT, Simons JL, Semanchik PL, Othman MA, Kim JH, Lawler JM, Kamal KY, White-Springer SH. The Impact of SRT2104 on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function, Redox Biology, and Loss of Muscle Mass in Hindlimb Unloaded Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11135. [PMID: 37446313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical unloading during microgravity causes skeletal muscle atrophy and impairs mitochondrial energetics. The elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria and Nox2, coupled with impairment of stress protection (e.g., SIRT1, antioxidant enzymes), contribute to atrophy. We tested the hypothesis that the SIRT1 activator, SRT2104 would rescue unloading-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial function in rat gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were evaluated under three conditions (10 days): ambulatory control (CON), hindlimb unloaded (HU), and hindlimb-unloaded-treated with SRT2104 (SIRT). Oxidative phosphorylation, electron transfer capacities, H2O2 production, and oxidative and antioxidant enzymes were quantified using high-resolution respirometry and colorimetry. In the gastrocnemius, (1) integrative (per mg tissue) proton LEAK was lesser in SIRT than in HU or CON; (2) intrinsic (relative to citrate synthase) maximal noncoupled electron transfer capacity (ECI+II) was lesser, while complex I-supported oxidative phosphorylation to ECI+II was greater in HU than CON; (3) the contribution of LEAK to ECI+II was greatest, but cytochrome c oxidase activity was lowest in HU. In both muscles, H2O2 production and concentration was greatest in SIRT, as was gastrocnemius superoxide dismutase activity. In the soleus, H2O2 concentration was greater in HU compared to CON. These results indicate that SRT2104 preserves mitochondrial function in unloaded skeletal muscle, suggesting its potential to support healthy muscle cells in microgravity by promoting necessary energy production in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T Wesolowski
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jessica L Simons
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Pier L Semanchik
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mariam A Othman
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, School of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Joo-Hyun Kim
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, School of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - John M Lawler
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, School of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Khaled Y Kamal
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, School of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Sarah H White-Springer
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Liu Y, Gong JS, Marshall G, Su C, Shi JS, Xu ZH. Technology and functional insights into the nicotinamide mononucleotide for human health. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12612-2. [PMID: 37347262 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a naturally occurring biologically active nucleotide, mainly functions via mediating the biosynthesis of NAD+. In recent years, its excellent pharmacological activities including anti-aging, treating neurodegenerative diseases, and protecting the heart have attracted increasing attention from scholars and entrepreneurs for production of a wide range of formulations, including functional food ingredients, health care products, active pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutical intermediates. Presently, the synthesis methods of NMN mainly include two categories: chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. With the development of biocatalyst engineering and synthetic biology strategies, bio-preparation has proven to be efficient, economical, and sustainable methods. This review summarizes the chemical synthesis and biosynthetic pathways of NMN and provides an in-depth investigation on the mining and modification of enzyme resources during NMN biosynthesis, as well as the screening of hosts and optimization of chassis cells via metabolic engineering, which provide effective strategies for efficient production of NMN. In addition, an overview of the significant physiological functions and activities of NMN is elaborated. Finally, future research on technical approaches to further enhance NMN synthesis and strengthen clinical studies of NMN are prospected, which would lay the foundation for further promoting the application of NMN in nutrition, healthy food, and medicine in the future. KEY POINTS: • NMN supplementation effectively increases the level of NAD+. • The chemical and biological synthesis of NMN are comprehensively reviewed. • The impact of NMN on the treatment of various diseases is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
| | - George Marshall
- Seragon Biosciences, Inc., 400 Spectrum Center Drive, 16th Floor, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Chang Su
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
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Han J, Li S, Wang W, Jiang X, Liu C, Lei L, Li Y, Sheng R, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Si S. SIRT1 Activator E1231 Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Lipid Metabolism. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5052-5070. [PMID: 37367070 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases. Silencing information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was demonstrated to modulate cholesterol and lipid metabolism in NAFLD. Here, a novel SIRT1 activator, E1231, was studied for its potential improvement effects on NAFLD. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHC) for 40 weeks to create a NAFLD mouse model, and E1231 was administered by oral gavage (50 mg/kg body weight, once/day) for 4 weeks. Liver-related plasma biochemistry parameter tests, Oil Red O staining, and hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that E1231 treatment ameliorated plasma dyslipidemia, plasma marker levels of liver damage (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)), liver total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) contents, and obviously decreased hepatic steatosis score and NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) in the NAFLD mouse model. Western blot results showed that E1231 treatment significantly regulated lipid-metabolism-related protein expression. In particular, E1231 treatment increased SIRT1, PGC-1α, and p-AMPKα protein expression but decreased ACC and SCD-1 protein expression. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrated that E1231 inhibited lipid accumulation and improved mitochondrial function in free-fatty-acid-challenged hepatocytes, and required SIRT1 activation. In conclusion, this study illustrated that the SIRT1 activator E1231 alleviated HFHC-induced NAFLD development and improved liver injury by regulating the SIRT1-AMPKα pathway, and might be a promising candidate compound for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxue Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shunwang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xinhai Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chao Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lijuan Lei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yining Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ren Sheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yexiang Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanni Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuyi Si
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
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Lv Q, Wu X, Guan Y, Lin J, Sun Y, Hu M, Xiao P, He C, Jiang B. Integration of network pharmacology, transcriptomics and molecular docking reveals two novel hypoglycemic components in snow chrysanthemum. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114818. [PMID: 37182513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies uncovered the glucose-lowering properties of snow chrysanthemum tea, however, the active ingredients and underlying mechanisms were yet to be uncovered. Flavonoids are the most active and abundant components in snow chrysanthemum tea. In this study, we treated leptin-deficient diabetic ob/ob or high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 J obese mice with or without total flavonoids of snow chrysanthemum (TFSC) for 14 weeks. Results indicated that TFSC ameliorated dyslipidemia and fatty liver, thereby reducing hyperlipidemia. Further mechanism experiments, including RNA-seq and experimental validation, revealed TFSC improved glycolipid metabolism primarily by activating the AMPK/Sirt1/PPARγ pathway. Additionally, by integrating UPLC, network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and experimental validation, we identified two novel hypoglycemic compounds, sulfuretin and leptosidin, in TFSC. Treatment with 12.5 μmol/L sulfuretin obviously stimulated cellular glucose consumption, and sulfuretin (3.125, 6.25 and 12.5 μmol/L) significantly mitigated glucose uptake damage and reliably facilitated glucose consumption in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Remarkably, sulfuretin interacted with the ligand-binding pocket of PPARγ via three hydrogen bond interactions with the residues LYS-367, GLN-286 and TYR-477. Furthermore, a concentration of 12.5 μmol/L sulfuretin effectively upregulated the expression of PPARγ, exhibiting a comparable potency to a renowned PPARγ agonist at 20 μmol/L. Taken together, our findings have identified two new hypoglycemic compounds and revealed their mechanisms, which significantly expands people's understanding of the active components in snow chrysanthemum that have hypoglycemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Lv
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuwen Guan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuhua Sun
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Mengying Hu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunnian He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Baoping Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China.
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Lee J, Hyun DH. The Interplay between Intracellular Iron Homeostasis and Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040918. [PMID: 37107292 PMCID: PMC10135822 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for life. Many enzymes require iron for appropriate function. However, dysregulation of intracellular iron homeostasis produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Fenton reaction and causes devastating effects on cells, leading to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death. In order to protect against harmful effects, the intracellular system regulates cellular iron levels through iron regulatory mechanisms, including hepcidin-ferroportin, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1)-transferrin, and ferritin-nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4). During iron deficiency, DMT1-transferrin and ferritin-NCOA4 systems increase intracellular iron levels via endosomes and ferritinophagy, respectively. In contrast, repleting extracellular iron promotes cellular iron absorption through the hepcidin-ferroportin axis. These processes are regulated by the iron-regulatory protein (IRP)/iron-responsive element (IRE) system and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Meanwhile, excessive ROS also promotes neuroinflammation by activating the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). NF-κB forms inflammasomes, inhibits silent information regulator 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1), and induces pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β). Furthermore, 4-hydroxy-2,3-trans-nonenal (4-HNE), the end-product of ferroptosis, promotes the inflammatory response by producing amyloid-beta (Aβ) fibrils and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease, and alpha-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson's disease. This interplay shows that intracellular iron homeostasis is vital to maintain inflammatory homeostasis. Here, we review the role of iron homeostasis in inflammation based on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewang Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Hyun
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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DNA methylation regulates Sirtuin 1 expression in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:101-110. [PMID: 36913826 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) comprises a major anti-aging longevity factor with multiple protective effects on chondrocyte homeostasis. Previous studies have reported that downregulation of SIRT1 is linked to osteoarthritis (OA) progression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of DNA methylation on SIRT1 expression regulation and deacetylase activity in human OA chondrocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methylation status of SIRT1 promoter was analyzed in normal and OA chondrocytes using bisulfite sequencing analysis. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) binding to SIRT1 promoter was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Subsequently, C/EBPα's interaction with SIRT1 promoter and SIRT1 expression levels were evaluated after treatment of OA chondrocytes with 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine (5-AzadC). Acetylation and nuclear levels of nuclear factor kappa-B p65 subunit (NF-κΒp65) and expression levels of selected OA-related inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 and catabolic genes (metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-9) were evaluated in 5-AzadC-treated OA chondrocytes with or without subsequent transfection with siRNA against SIRT1. RESULTS Hypermethylation of specific CpG dinucleotides on SIRT1 promoter was associated with downregulation of SIRT1 expression in OA chondrocytes. Moreover, we found decreased binding affinity of C/EBPα on the hypermethylated SIRT1 promoter. 5-AzadC treatment restored C/EBPα's transcriptional activity inducing SIRT1 upregulation in OA chondrocytes. Deacetylation of NF-κΒp65 in 5-AzadC-treated OA chondrocytes was prevented by siSIRT1 transfection. Similarly, 5-AzadC-treated OA chondrocytes exhibited decreased expression of IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-1 and MMP-9 which was reversed following 5-AzadC/siSIRT1 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the impact of DNA methylation on SIRT1 suppression in OA chondrocytes contributing to OA pathogenesis.
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Knocking Down CDKN2A in 3D hiPSC-Derived Brown Adipose Progenitors Potentiates Differentiation, Oxidative Metabolism and Browning Process. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060870. [PMID: 36980212 PMCID: PMC10047013 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have the potential to be differentiated into any cell type, making them a relevant tool for therapeutic purposes such as cell-based therapies. In particular, they show great promise for obesity treatment as they represent an unlimited source of brown/beige adipose progenitors (hiPSC-BAPs). However, the low brown/beige adipocyte differentiation potential in 2D cultures represents a strong limitation for clinical use. In adipose tissue, besides its cell cycle regulator functions, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) locus modulates the commitment of stem cells to the brown-like type fate, mature adipocyte energy metabolism and the browning of adipose tissue. Here, using a new method of hiPSC-BAPs 3D culture, via the formation of an organoid-like structure, we silenced CDKN2A expression during hiPSC-BAP adipogenic differentiation and observed that knocking down CDKN2A potentiates adipogenesis, oxidative metabolism and the browning process, resulting in brown-like adipocytes by promoting UCP1 expression and beiging markers. Our results suggest that modulating CDKN2A levels could be relevant for hiPSC-BAPs cell-based therapies.
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Feng JN, Shao W, Jin T. Short-term semaglutide treatment improves FGF21 responsiveness in primary hepatocytes isolated from high fat diet challenged mice. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15620. [PMID: 36905134 PMCID: PMC10006666 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic functions of GLP-1 and its analogues have been extensively investigated. In addition to acting as an incretin and reducing body weight, we and others have suggested the existence of GLP-1/fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) axis in which liver mediates certain functions of GLP-1 receptor agonists. In a more recent study, we found with surprise that four-week treatment with liraglutide but not semaglutide stimulated hepatic FGF21 expression in HFD-challenged mice. We wondered whether semaglutide can also improve FGF21 sensitivity or responsiveness and hence triggers the feedback loop in attenuating its stimulation on hepatic FGF21 expression after a long-term treatment. Here, we assessed effect of daily semaglutide treatment in HFD-fed mice for 7 days. HFD challenge attenuated effect of FGF21 treatment on its downstream events in mouse primary hepatocytes, which can be restored by 7-day semaglutide treatment. In mouse liver, 7-day semaglutide treatment stimulated FGF21 as well as genes that encode its receptor (FGFR1) and the obligatory co-receptor (KLB), and a battery of genes that are involved in lipid homeostasis. In epididymal fat tissue, expressions of a battery genes including Klb affected by HFD challenge were reversed by 7-day semaglutide treatment. We suggest that semaglutide treatment improves FGF21 sensitivity which is attenuated by HFD challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Nuo Feng
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
| | - Weijuan Shao
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
| | - Tianru Jin
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoCanada
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Majeed Y, Madani AY, Altamimi AI, Courjaret R, Vakayil M, Fountain SJ, Machaca K, Mazloum NA. STAT1- and NFAT-independent amplification of purinoceptor function integrates cellular senescence with interleukin-6 production in preadipocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:609-627. [PMID: 36321760 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Senescent preadipocytes promote adipose tissue dysfunction by secreting pro-inflammatory factors, although little is known about the mechanisms regulating their production. We investigated if up-regulated purinoceptor function sensitizes senescent preadipocytes to cognate agonists and how such sensitization regulates inflammation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Etoposide was used to trigger senescence in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. CRISPR/Cas9 technology or pharmacology allowed studies of transcription factor function. Fura-2 imaging was used for calcium measurements. Interleukin-6 levels were quantified using quantitative PCR and ELISA. Specific agonists and antagonists supported studies of purinoceptor coupling to interleukin-6 production. Experiments in MS1 VEGF angiosarcoma cells and adipose tissue samples from obese mice complemented preadipocyte experiments. KEY RESULTS DNA damage-induced senescence up-regulated purinoceptor expression levels in preadipocytes and MS1 VEGF angiosarcoma cells. ATP-evoked Ca2+ release was potentiated in senescent preadipocytes. ATP enhanced interleukin-6 production, an effect mimicked by ADP but not UTP, in a calcium-independent manner. Senescence-associated up-regulation and activation of the adenosine A3 receptor also enhanced interleukin-6 production. However, nucleotide hydrolysis was not essential because exposure to ATPγS also enhanced interleukin-6 secretion. Pharmacological experiments suggested coupling of P2X ion channels and P2Y12 -P2Y13 receptors to downstream interleukin-6 production. Interleukin-6 signalling exacerbated inflammation during senescence and compromised adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We report a previously uncharacterized link between cellular senescence and purinergic signalling in preadipocytes and endothelial cancer cells, raising the possibility that up-regulated purinoceptors play key modulatory roles in senescence-associated conditions like obesity and cancer. There is potential for exploitation of specific purinoceptor antagonists as therapeutics in inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Majeed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aisha Y Madani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed I Altamimi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raphael Courjaret
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muneera Vakayil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Samuel J Fountain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Khaled Machaca
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nayef A Mazloum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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