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El Safadi D, Lebeau G, Turpin J, Lefebvre d’Hellencourt C, Diotel N, Viranaicken W, Krejbich-Trotot P. The Antiviral Potential of AdipoRon, an Adiponectin Receptor Agonist, Reveals the Ability of Zika Virus to Deregulate Adiponectin Receptor Expression. Viruses 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 38257725 PMCID: PMC10820441 DOI: 10.3390/v16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a pathogenic member of the flavivirus family, with several unique characteristics. Unlike any other arbovirus, ZIKV can be transmitted sexually and maternally, and thus produce congenital syndromes (CZS) due to its neurotropism. This challenges the search for safe active molecules that can protect pregnant women and their fetuses. In this context, and in the absence of any existing treatment, it seemed worthwhile to test whether the known cytoprotective properties of adiponectin and its pharmacological analog, AdipoRon, could influence the outcome of ZIKV infection. We showed that both AdipoRon and adiponectin could significantly reduce the in vitro infection of A549 epithelial cells, a well-known cell model for flavivirus infection studies. This effect was particularly observed when a pre-treatment was carried out. Conversely, ZIKV revealed an ability to downregulate adiponectin receptor expression and thereby limit adiponectin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daed El Safadi
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Grégorie Lebeau
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Christian Lefebvre d’Hellencourt
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Wildriss Viranaicken
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
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Wilkinson DA, Mercier A, Turpin M, Simbi MA, Turpin J, Lebarbenchon C, Cesari M, Jaffar-Bandjee MC, Josset L, Yemadje-Menudier L, Lina B, Mavingui P. Genomic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in Reunion Island. Infect Genet Evol 2022; 106:105381. [PMID: 36309317 PMCID: PMC9598258 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Island communities are interesting study sites for microbial evolution during epidemics, as their insular nature reduces the complexity of the population's connectivity. This was particularly true on Reunion Island during the first half of 2021, when international travel was restricted in order to mitigate the risk for SARS-CoV-2 introductions. Concurrently, the SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant became dominant and started to circulate at high levels for several months before being completely replaced by the Delta variant as of October 2021. Here, we explore some of the particularities of SARS-CoV-2 genomic evolution within the insular context of Reunion Island. We show that island isolation allowed the amplification and expansion of unique genetic lineages that remained uncommon across the globe. Islands are therefore potential hotspots for the emergence of new genetic variants, meaning that they will play a key role in the continued evolution and propagation of COVID-19 as the pandemic persists.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Wilkinson
- Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT) CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France,GIP CYROI, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France,Corresponding author at: Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT) CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Alizé Mercier
- Santé Publique France, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Magali Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT) CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Marie-Alice Simbi
- Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT) CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France,GIP CYROI, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT) CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France,GIP CYROI, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Camille Lebarbenchon
- Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT) CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | | | | | - Laurence Josset
- CNR des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France,Virpath, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | | | - Bruno Lina
- CNR des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France,Virpath, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Mavingui
- Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT) CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France,Corresponding author
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Ryu B, White T, Shah K, Turpin J, Woo H. Abstract No. 235 Immediate effect of pipeline embolization on intracranial hemodynamics studied using non-invasive optimal vessel analysis software. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Diesler R, Turpin J, Leroux C. Pouvoir transformant du Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus en contexte enzootique. Rev Mal Respir 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Riley J, Zeale M, Razgour O, Turpin J, Jones G. Predicting the past, present and future distributions of an endangered marsupial in a semi‐arid environment. Anim Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Riley
- School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - M.R.K. Zeale
- School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | | | - J. Turpin
- School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New England Armidale NSW Australia
| | - G. Jones
- School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
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Turpin J, El-Safadi D, Lebeau G, Frumence E, Desprès P, Viranaïcken W, Krejbich-Trotot P. CHOP Pro-Apoptotic Transcriptional Program in Response to ER Stress Is Hacked by Zika Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073750. [PMID: 33916874 PMCID: PMC8038490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus considered as a threat to human health due to large epidemics and serious clinical outcomes such as microcephaly in new-borns. Like all flaviviruses, ZIKV relies on the cellular machinery to complete its viral cycle, with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) being the critical site of viral replication factories. The sudden high protein load in the ER induces an ER stress to which the cell responds with an appropriate unfolded protein response (UPR) in an attempt to restore its disturbed homeostasis. When the restoration fails, the cell signalling leads to a programmed cell death by apoptosis with the upregulation of the UPR-induced C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) which acts as the main trigger for this fatal outcome. Our previous studies have shown the ability of ZIKV to manipulate various cellular responses in order to optimize virus production. ZIKV is able to delay apoptosis to its benefit and although ER stress is induced, the UPR is not complete. Here we discovered that ZIKV impairs the expression of CHOP/DDIT3, the main factor responsible of ER-stress driven apoptosis. Surprisingly, the mechanism does not take place at the transcriptional level but at the translational level.
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Lebeau G, Frumence E, Turpin J, Begue F, Hoarau JJ, Gadea G, Krejbich-Trotot P, Desprès P, Viranaicken W. Zika E Glycan Loop Region and Guillain-Barré Syndrome-Related Proteins: A Possible Molecular Mimicry to Be Taken in Account for Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030283. [PMID: 33808706 PMCID: PMC8003386 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurological complications of infection by the mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) include Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuritis. GBS was first associated with recent ZIKV epidemics caused by the emergence of the ZIKV Asian lineage in South Pacific. Here, we hypothesize that ZIKV-associated GBS relates to a molecular mimicry between viral envelope E (E) protein and neural proteins involved in GBS. The analysis of the ZIKV epidemic strains showed that the glycan loop (GL) region of the E protein includes an IVNDT motif which is conserved in voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C (Cav1.2) and Heat Shock 70 kDa protein 12A (HSP70 12A). Both VSCC-alpha 1C and HSP70 12A belong to protein families which have been associated with neurological autoimmune diseases in central nervous system. The purpose of our in silico analysis is to point out that IVNDT motif of ZIKV E-GL region should be taken in consideration for the development of safe and effective anti-Zika vaccines by precluding the possibility of adverse neurologic events including autoimmune diseases such as GBS through a potent mimicry with Heat Shock 70 kDa protein 12A (HSP70 12A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégorie Lebeau
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
| | - Etienne Frumence
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
| | - Floran Begue
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97490 Saint-Clotilde, France;
| | - Jean-Jacques Hoarau
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
| | - Gilles Gadea
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
| | - Wildriss Viranaicken
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire et Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion 1, La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France; (G.L.); (E.F.); (J.T.); (J.-J.H.); (G.G.); (P.K.-T.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Turpin J, Frumence E, Harrabi W, Haddad JG, El Kalamouni C, Desprès P, Krejbich-Trotot P, Viranaïcken W. Zika virus subversion of chaperone GRP78/BiP expression in A549 cells during UPR activation. Biochimie 2020; 175:99-105. [PMID: 32464166 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses replicate in membranous factories associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Significant levels of flavivirus polyprotein integration contribute to ER stress and the host cell may exhibit an Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) to this protein accumulation, stimulating appropriate cellular responses such as adaptation, autophagy or cell death. These different stress responses support other antiviral strategies initiated by infected cells and can help to overcome viral infection. In epithelial A549 cells, a model currently used to study the flavivirus infection cycle and the host cell responses, all three pathways leading to UPR are activated during infection by Dengue virus (DENV), Yellow Fever virus (YFV) or West Nile virus (WNV). In the present study, we investigated the capacity of ZIKA virus (ZIKV) to induce ER stress in A549 cells. We observed that the cells respond to ZIKV infection by implementing an UPR through activation of the IRE1 and PERK pathway without activation of the ATF6 branch. By modulating the ER stress response, we found that UPR inducers significantly inhibit ZIKV replication. Interestingly, our findings provide evidence that ZIKV could manipulate the UPR to escape this host cell defence system by downregulating GRP78/BiP expression. This subversion of GRP78 expression could lead to unresolved and persistent ER stress which can be a benefit for virus growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Etienne Frumence
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Wissal Harrabi
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Juliano G Haddad
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Chaker El Kalamouni
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
| | - Wildriss Viranaïcken
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
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Turpin J, Frumence E, El Safadi D, Meilhac O, Krejbich-Trotot P, Viranaïcken W. Improvement of immunodetection of the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein by western blot. Anal Biochem 2020; 601:113775. [PMID: 32416096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of misfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) induces an unfolded protein response (UPR) that either restores homeostasis or triggers apoptosis in case of adaptation failure. The three activated branches of UPR lead to IRE1-, PERK- and ATF6- dependent transcriptional induction of the gene encoding the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) which plays an important role in apoptosis induction. In conventional immunoblotting conditions, detection of CHOP is a difficult task. Using a fixation step, we have optimized the detection of CHOP and this method provides a valuable tool to decipher CHOP involvement in UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Etienne Frumence
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Daed El Safadi
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France; CHU de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
| | - Wildriss Viranaïcken
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Plateforme CYROI, 2, Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
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Woinarski JCZ, Legge SM, Woolley LA, Palmer R, Dickman CR, Augusteyn J, Doherty TS, Edwards G, Geyle H, McGregor H, Riley J, Turpin J, Murphy BP. Predation by introduced cats Felis catus on Australian frogs: compilation of species records and estimation of numbers killed. Wildl Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/wr19182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
ContextWe recently estimated the numbers of reptiles, birds and mammals killed by cats (Felis catus) in Australia, with these assessments providing further evidence that cats have significant impacts on Australian wildlife. No previous studies have estimated the numbers of frogs killed by cats in Australia and there is limited comparable information from elsewhere in the world.
AimsWe sought to (1) estimate the numbers of frogs killed by cats in Australia and (2) compile a list of Australian frog species known to be killed by cats.
MethodsFor feral cats, we estimated the number of frogs killed from information on their frequency of occurrence in 53 cat dietary studies (that examined stomach contents), the mean number of frogs in dietary samples that contained frogs, and the numbers of cats in Australia. We collated comparable information for take of frogs by pet cats, but the information base was far sparser.
Key resultsFrogs were far more likely to be reported in studies that sampled cat stomachs than cat scats. The mean frequency of occurrence of frogs in cat stomachs was 1.5%. The estimated annual per capita consumption by feral cats in Australia’s natural environments is 44 frogs, and, hence, the annual total take is estimated at 92 million frogs. The estimated annual per capita consumption by pet cats is 0.26 frogs, for a total annual kill of one million frogs by pet cats. Thirty native frog species (13% of the Australian frog fauna) are known to be killed by cats: this tally does not include any of the 51 threatened frog species, but this may simply be because no cat dietary studies have occurred within the small ranges typical of threatened frog species.
ConclusionsThe present study indicated that cats in Australia kill nearly 100 million frogs annually, but further research is required to understand the conservation significance of such predation rates.
ImplicationsThe present study completed a set of reviews of the impacts of cats on Australian terrestrial vertebrates. Cat predation on Australian frogs is substantial, but is likely to be markedly less than that on Australian reptiles, birds and mammals.
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Turpin J, Frumence E, Desprès P, Viranaicken W, Krejbich-Trotot P. The ZIKA Virus Delays Cell Death Through the Anti-Apoptotic Bcl-2 Family Proteins. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111338. [PMID: 31671831 PMCID: PMC6912272 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging human mosquito-transmitted pathogen of global concern, known to be associated with complications such as congenital defects and neurological disorders in adults. ZIKV infection is associated with induction of cell death. However, previous studies suggest that the virally induced apoptosis occurs at a slower rate compared to the course of viral production. In this present study, we investigated the capacity of ZIKV to delay host cell apoptosis. We provide evidence that ZIKV has the ability to interfere with apoptosis whether it is intrinsically or extrinsically induced. In cells expressing viral replicon-type constructions, we show that this control is achieved through replication. Finally, our work highlights an important role for anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein in the ability of ZIKV to control apoptotic pathways, avoiding premature cell death and thereby promoting virus replication in the host-cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Turpin
- PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme CYROI, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
| | - Etienne Frumence
- PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme CYROI, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
| | - Philippe Desprès
- PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme CYROI, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
| | - Wildriss Viranaicken
- PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme CYROI, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme CYROI, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France.
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12
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Pascalis H, Turpin J, Roche M, Krejbich P, Gadea G, Nten CA, Desprès P, Mavingui P. The epidemic of Dengue virus type-2 Cosmopolitan genotype on Reunion Island relates to its active circulation in the Southwestern Indian Ocean neighboring islands. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01455. [PMID: 31008393 PMCID: PMC6458493 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reunion Island is currently experiencing an epidemic caused by Dengue virus type-2 (DENV-2) resulting in over 6,763 cases from austral summer 2017 to winter 2018. Phylogenetic analyses on two non-imported cases of dengue infection from Reunion Island highlight a regional circulation of DENV-2 Cosmopolitan lineage 1 virus on both Reunion Island and the Seychelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Pascalis
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Marjolaine Roche
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Pascale Krejbich
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Gilles Gadea
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Célestine Atyame Nten
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Patrick Mavingui
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint Clotilde, La Réunion, France
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13
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El Kalamouni C, Frumence E, Bos S, Turpin J, Nativel B, Harrabi W, Wilkinson DA, Meilhac O, Gadea G, Desprès P, Krejbich-Trotot P, Viranaïcken W. Subversion of the Heme Oxygenase-1 Antiviral Activity by Zika Virus. Viruses 2018; 11:v11010002. [PMID: 30577437 PMCID: PMC6356520 DOI: 10.3390/v11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the degradation of heme, is induced in response to a wide range of stress conditions. HO-1 exerts antiviral activity against a broad range of viruses, including the Hepatitis C virus, the human immunodeficiency virus, and the dengue virus by inhibiting viral growth. It has been reported that HO-1 displays antiviral activity against the Zika virus (ZIKV) but the mechanisms of viral inhibition remain largely unknown. Using a ZIKV RNA replicon with the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) as a reporter protein, we were able to show that HO-1 expression resulted in the inhibition of viral RNA replication. Conversely, we observed a decrease in HO-1 expression in cells replicating the ZIKV RNA replicon. The study of human cells infected with ZIKV showed that the HO-1 expression level was significantly lower once viral replication was established, thereby limiting the antiviral effect of HO-1. Our work highlights the capacity of ZIKV to thwart the anti-replicative activity of HO-1 in human cells. Therefore, the modulation of HO-1 as a novel therapeutic strategy against ZIKV infection may display limited effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaker El Kalamouni
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Etienne Frumence
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Sandra Bos
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Brice Nativel
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Wissal Harrabi
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - David A Wilkinson
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Université de la Réunion, Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
- CHU de La Réunion, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, F-97400 Bellepierre, France.
| | - Gilles Gadea
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Wildriss Viranaïcken
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM UMR 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249 UMR PIMIT, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme CYROI, 2, rue Maxime Rivière, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
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14
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Nguyen-Khac E, Dejour V, Sarba R, Yzet T, Turpin J, Chatelain D, Marcq I, Chivot C, Maizel J, Papillon C, Attencourt C, Houchi H. Hépatite alcoolique aiguë sévère. Méd Intensive Réa 2018. [DOI: 10.3166/rea-2018-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Tout patient consommateur chronique et excessif d’alcool avec un ictère récent doit être évalué par le score de Maddrey à la recherche d’une hépatite alcoolique aiguë sévère. Les corticostéroïdes représentent le traitement de première ligne, associés à un soutien nutritionnel adapté et à une abstinence alcoolique. La combinaison corticostéroïdes plus N-acétylcystéine (perfusée pendant les cinq premiers jours) améliore la survie à court terme par rapport aux corticostéroïdes seuls, constituant une option thérapeutique de première ligne. La réponse au traitement est évaluée au septième jour par le modèle de Lille inférieur ou égal à 0,45. Le pronostic des patients non répondeurs aux corticostéroïdes avec un modèle de Lille supérieur à 0,45 est sombre avec une survie de 23 % à six mois. Pour des patients non répondeurs aux corticostéroïdes et sélectionnés, la transplantation hépatique précoce améliore significativement la survie à six mois et à long terme.
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15
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Bos S, Viranaicken W, Turpin J, El-Kalamouni C, Roche M, Krejbich-Trotot P, Desprès P, Gadea G. The structural proteins of epidemic and historical strains of Zika virus differ in their ability to initiate viral infection in human host cells. Virology 2018; 516:265-273. [PMID: 29395111 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) recently emerged in South Pacific islands and Americas where large epidemics were documented. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of the structural proteins C, prM and E in the permissiveness of human host cells to epidemic strains of ZIKV. To this end, we evaluated the capacity of the epidemic strain BeH819015 to infect epithelial A549 and neuronal SH-SY5Y cells in comparison to the African historical MR766 strain. For that purpose, we generated a molecular clone of BeH819015 and a chimeric clone of MR766 which contains the BeH819015 structural protein region. We showed that ZIKV containing BeH819015 structural proteins was much less efficient in cell-attachment leading to a reduced susceptibility of A549 and SH-SY5Y cells to viral infection. Our data illustrate a previously underrated role for C, prM, and E in ZIKV epidemic strain ability to initiate viral infection in human host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bos
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Wildriss Viranaicken
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Chaker El-Kalamouni
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Marjolaine Roche
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
| | - Gilles Gadea
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
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16
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Boulahssass R, Gonfrier S, Sanchez M, Rambaud C, Gary A, Turpin J, Bereder I, Guerin O. A CLINICAL SCORE TO PREDICT THE EARLY DEATH AT 100 DAYS IN ELDERLY METASTATIC CANCERS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Sanchez
- CHU de Nice UCOG PACA East, Nice, France
| | - C. Rambaud
- CHU de Nice UCOG PACA East, Nice, France
| | - A. Gary
- CHU de Nice UCOG PACA East, Nice, France
| | - J. Turpin
- CHU de Nice UCOG PACA East, Nice, France
| | - I. Bereder
- CHU de Nice UCOG PACA East, Nice, France
| | - O. Guerin
- CHU de Nice UCOG PACA East, Nice, France
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17
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Shimauchi T, Caucheteux S, Turpin J, Finsterbusch K, Bangham C, Tokura Y, Piguet V. 280 Cell-to-cell contact with HTLV-1-infected T cells reduces dendritic cell immune functions and contributes to infection in trans. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Duan Y, Barth S, Turpin J, Nimick M, Ahern E, Hoke H, Taddonio A, Bukach C. Experience Predicts Other-Race Effects for both Identification and Holistic Processing. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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19
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Lydick E, Cook K, Turpin J, Melton M, Stine R, Byrnes C. Development and validation of a simple questionnaire to facilitate identification of women likely to have low bone density. Am J Manag Care 1998; 4:37-48. [PMID: 10179905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between low bone mass and risk of fracture is well documented. Although bone densitometry is the method of choice for detecting low bone mass, its use may be limited by the availability of equipment, cost, and reimbursement issues. Improved patient selection for bone densitometry might increase the cost-effectiveness of screening for osteoporosis, a goal we sought to achieve by developing and validating a questionnaire based solely on patient-derived data. Responses to the questionnaire were used to assign postmenopausal women to one of two groups: (1) those unlikely to have low bone mineral density (defined as 2 standard deviations or more below the mean bone mass at the femoral neck in young, healthy white women) and therefore probably not currently candidates for bone densitometry; and (2) those likely to have low bone mineral density and therefore probably candidates for bone densitometry. We asked community-dwelling perimenopausal and postmenopausal women attending one of 106 participating multispecialty centers (both academic and community based) to complete a self-administered questionnaire and undergo bone density measurement using dual x-ray absorptiometry. We used regression modeling to identify factors most predictive of low bone density at the femoral neck in the postmenopausal group. A simple additive scoring system was developed based on the regression model. Results were validated in a separate cohort of postmenopausal women. Data were collected from 1279 postmenopausal women in the development cohort. Using only six questions (age, weight, race, fracture history, rheumatoid arthritis history, and estrogen use), we achieved a target of 89% sensitivity and 50% specificity. The likelihood ratio was 1.78. Validation in a separate group of 207 postmenopausal women yielded 91% sensitivity and 40% specificity. Assuming population characteristics similar to those of our development cohort, use of our questionnaire could decrease the use of bone densitometry by approximately 30%. Sensitivity and specificity can be varied by changing the level for referral for densitometry to provide the most cost-effective use within a particular healthcare setting. Thus use of our questionnaire, an inexpensive prescreening tool, in conjunction with physician assessment can optimize the use of bone densitometry and may lead to substantial savings in many healthcare settings where large numbers of women require evaluation for low bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lydick
- Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA 19486, USA
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20
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Lydick E, Turpin J, Byrnes C, Abbott T, Melton M, Berger M. C6. Diagnosis of osteoporosis: use of a prescreen questionnaire. Clin Ther 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0149-2918(96)80116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Nelson BJ, Danielpour D, Rossio JL, Turpin J, Nacy CA. Interleukin-2 suppresses activated macrophage intracellular killing activity by inducing macrophages to secrete TGF-beta. J Leukoc Biol 1994; 55:81-90. [PMID: 8283143 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.55.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) treatment of an EL-4 thymoma cell line (EL-4FARRAR) induced secretion of a factor that inhibited intracellular killing of Leishmania major amastigotes by activated macrophages. Analysis of the cytokines produced by EL-4 cells after PMA stimulation identified interleukin-2 (IL-2, 2500 U/ml), IL-4 (1280 U/ml), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; 100 U/ml), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; 50 U/ml). Neither tumor necrosis factor nor transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) was detected. Each of the cytokines present in EL-4 fluids was assessed for capacity to activate macrophages for destruction of parasites or to suppress intracellular killing. IFN-gamma and GM-CSF both activated macrophages to kill Leishmania; IL-2 and IL-4 had no activity for induction of this antimicrobial effector function. IL-2 and IL-4 were tested for their capacity to inhibit lymphokine- or IFN-gamma-induced destruction of L. major by macrophages: IL-4 was ineffective, but IL-2 markedly suppressed the activation of macrophages for intracellular killing. Addition of > or = 10 U/ml of IL-2 at the time of infection, or up to 4 h before, blocked up to 100% of the capacity of activated macrophages to kill intracellular amastigotes. Immunoaffinity treatment of EL-4 fluids with anti-IL-2 antibody resulted in > 80% reduction in suppression of intracellular killing. The suppressive effects of IL-2 were not direct, but mediated by TGF-beta. IL-2 induced resident peritoneal macrophages to secrete > 5000 pg/ml TGF-beta 1, a quantity that is > 500-fold higher than constitutive background levels (20-40 pg/ml) and is sufficient to block intracellular killing activities. This increase in secretion of TGF-beta was not dependent increases in TGF-beta 1 mRNA. Treatment of cultures with EL-4 fluids or recombinant IL-2 in the presence of antibody to TGF-beta 1 blocked the suppressive activity of both. Thus, IL-2 was the major suppressor factor in EL-4 fluids, and it acted indirectly through the induction and autocrine action of TGF-beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Nelson
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC
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22
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Nelson BJ, Belosevic M, Green SJ, Turpin J, Nacy CA. Interleukin-2 and the regulation of activated macrophage cytotoxic activities. Adv Exp Med Biol 1992; 319:77-88. [PMID: 1414608 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-3434-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B J Nelson
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC
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23
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Reuben JM, Gonik B, Li S, Loo L, Turpin J. Induction of cytokines in normal placental cells by the human immunodeficiency virus. Lymphokine Cytokine Res 1991; 10:195-9. [PMID: 1883914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Placental cotyledon mononuclear cells (CMC) resemble peripheral blood monocytes/marcophages (MM) with respect to their expression of surface antigens and cellular function. CMC also express the CD4 antigen receptor and are thus susceptible to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). When vertical transmission of HIV from mother to fetus occurs, the infection often remains latent until appropriate factors initiate the transcription of virus-specific mRNA. Cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) which are produced by MM, up-regulate HIV expression in infected cells. The induction of cytokines in MM does not require active infection with HIV since heat-inactivated HIV (iHIV) and envelope gp120 caused cytokine secretion. We studied the ability of CMC from normal placentas to secrete these cytokines following stimulation with endotoxin, iHIV, recombinant GP160 and GAG55, and synthetic p17, HGP-30. Whereas CMC spontaneously secreted low levels of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, they constitutively secreted high levels of IL-6. All cytokine levels could be boosted by endotoxin. GP160, iHIV, and HGP-30 failed to augment cytokine levels above baseline. In contrast, GAG55 significantly boosted only TNF-alpha. The relevance of these findings is discussed with respect to the putative roles of cytokines in the immunoregulation of HIV in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Reuben
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
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24
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Wedrychowski A, Seong D, Paslidis N, Johnson E, Howard OM, Sims S, Talpaz M, Kantarjian H, Hester J, Turpin J. Characterization of nuclear proteins which bind to interferon-inducible transcriptional enhancers in hematopoietic cells. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:21433-40. [PMID: 2174873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear proteins isolated from untreated lymphoid cells formed complexes with the interferon-inducible transcriptional enhancer (IITE) containing a 73- and an 84-kDa protein, whereas the nuclear proteins of untreated myeloid cells formed complexes with the IITE which contained 50-, 65-, and 73-, but not 84-kDa nuclear proteins. The difference in the molecular masses of the nuclear proteins binding to the IITE in lymphoid and myeloid cells was due to a phosphatase present in the cytoplasm of the myeloid cells. Induction of transcriptional activation by interferon was accompanied by the binding of a 95-kDa nuclear protein to the IITE 1-4 h after the start of exposure to interferon. Cycloheximide did not inhibit the binding of the 95-kDa nuclear protein or the transcriptional activation of alpha-interferon-inducible genes. These data suggest that the induction of gene transcription by alpha-interferon in hematopoietic cells may be associated with post-translational changes in a 95-kDa nuclear protein that binds to IITE, thereby leading to transcriptional activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wedrychowski
- Department of Hematology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
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Wedrychowski A, Seong D, Paslidis N, Johnson E, Howard OM, Sims S, Talpaz M, Kantarjian H, Hester J, Turpin J. Characterization of nuclear proteins which bind to interferon-inducible transcriptional enhancers in hematopoietic cells. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Turpin J, Mehta K, Blick M, Hester JP, Lopez-Berestein G. Effect of retinoids on the release and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human peripheral blood monocytes. J Leukoc Biol 1990; 48:444-50. [PMID: 2230595 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.48.5.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of retinoic acid (RA) and retinol (ROH) on the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBM) was determined. HPBM were cultured for various periods of time in either 5% complete (cAB) or delipidized (DLS) AB serum. TNF release (L929 cytolytic assay) in the presence of cAB occurred during the first 3 days of in vitro culture. Delipidization of AB serum completely inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of TNF by HPBM. Addition of RA (0.5 microM) to DLS restored LPS-induced TNF release by HPBM, and supplementation with ROH (1.0 microM) resulted in release of TNF-like activity, but only after 3 days of in vitro culture. The maintenance of TNF release by the addition of exogenous RA after 3 days of in vitro culture suggested that depletion of endogenous RA was partially responsible for loss of TNF-like activity. The levels of endogenous TNF protein and mRNA were not influenced by delipidization of serum and were found to be similar to those of HPBM cultured in the presence of AB serum. TNF protein and mRNA were undetectable in HPBM ROH-treated cell lysates, although cytolytic activity was observed in culture supernatants. These results suggest that retinoids are required for the release of cytolytic factors from HPBM and that non-TNF cytolytic factors may be released by these cells at different stages of maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Turpin
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Biological Therapy, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
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Gendelman HE, Baca LM, Turpin J, Kalter DC, Hansen B, Orenstein JM, Dieffenbach CW, Friedman RM, Meltzer MS. Regulation of HIV replication in infected monocytes by IFN-alpha. Mechanisms for viral restriction. J Immunol 1990; 145:2669-76. [PMID: 1976701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In a survey of 15 different virus isolates, no IFN-alpha or IFN-beta activity was detected in culture fluids of HIV-infected T cells or monocytes. Exogenous rIFN-alpha added to T lymphoblast or monocyte cultures induced restriction in replication of the amphotropic HIV that infect both cell types. With IFN-treated HIV-infected T cells, levels of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in culture fluids were half those in control cultures, but the frequency of infected cells or the levels of p24 Ag released in culture fluids were unchanged. In contrast to the modest effect of IFN on HIV-infected T cells, IFN-induced antiviral activity in monocytes was quite dramatic. Monocytes treated with IFN at the time of virus challenge showed no evidence of HIV infection: no p24 Ag or RT activity, no viral mRNA, and no proviral DNA. In this system, IFN interrupts one or more early event(s) in the virus replication cycle before formation of proviral DNA. Monocyte cultures infected with HIV 7 days before IFN treatment showed a gradual decrease in levels of p24 Ag and RT activity to baseline by 3 wk. HIV-induced cytopathic changes were markedly reduced, and the frequency of productively infected cells was less than or equal to 1% of total cells. Virus particles released 24 h after IFN treatment were 100- to 1000-fold less infectious than equal numbers of control virions. But, monocytes treated with IFN 7 days after HIV infection were not free of the retroviral pathogen: levels of proviral DNA in the IFN-treated and control HIV-infected cells were indistinguishable. The presence of large quantities of proviral DNA in cells with little or no evidence for active transcription documents a situation approaching true microbiological latency.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Gendelman
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
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Gendelman HE, Baca LM, Turpin J, Kalter DC, Hansen B, Orenstein JM, Dieffenbach CW, Friedman RM, Meltzer MS. Regulation of HIV replication in infected monocytes by IFN-alpha. Mechanisms for viral restriction. The Journal of Immunology 1990. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.145.8.2669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In a survey of 15 different virus isolates, no IFN-alpha or IFN-beta activity was detected in culture fluids of HIV-infected T cells or monocytes. Exogenous rIFN-alpha added to T lymphoblast or monocyte cultures induced restriction in replication of the amphotropic HIV that infect both cell types. With IFN-treated HIV-infected T cells, levels of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in culture fluids were half those in control cultures, but the frequency of infected cells or the levels of p24 Ag released in culture fluids were unchanged. In contrast to the modest effect of IFN on HIV-infected T cells, IFN-induced antiviral activity in monocytes was quite dramatic. Monocytes treated with IFN at the time of virus challenge showed no evidence of HIV infection: no p24 Ag or RT activity, no viral mRNA, and no proviral DNA. In this system, IFN interrupts one or more early event(s) in the virus replication cycle before formation of proviral DNA. Monocyte cultures infected with HIV 7 days before IFN treatment showed a gradual decrease in levels of p24 Ag and RT activity to baseline by 3 wk. HIV-induced cytopathic changes were markedly reduced, and the frequency of productively infected cells was less than or equal to 1% of total cells. Virus particles released 24 h after IFN treatment were 100- to 1000-fold less infectious than equal numbers of control virions. But, monocytes treated with IFN 7 days after HIV infection were not free of the retroviral pathogen: levels of proviral DNA in the IFN-treated and control HIV-infected cells were indistinguishable. The presence of large quantities of proviral DNA in cells with little or no evidence for active transcription documents a situation approaching true microbiological latency.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Gendelman
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - L M Baca
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - J Turpin
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - D C Kalter
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - B Hansen
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - J M Orenstein
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - C W Dieffenbach
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - R M Friedman
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - M S Meltzer
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852
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Howard OM, Talpaz M, Kantarjian H, Seong D, Wedrychowski A, Paslidis N, Hester J, Cork A, Turpin J, Lopez-Berestein G. Interferon affects nuclear proteins in cells of clinically sensitive chronic myelogenous leukemia patients. Blood 1990; 76:1117-30. [PMID: 2400807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic protein extracts from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells contained an activity that altered the electrophoretic mobility of complexes formed between nuclear proteins and the transcriptional enhancers of interferon (IFN)-inducible genes. Exposure of CML cells to IFN-alpha diminished the effect of the CML cytoplasmic proteins on these nuclear protein-DNA complexes. The presence of clinical responsiveness to IFN-alpha correlated with the sensitivity to the IFN-induced change in the electrophoretic mobility of nuclear protein-DNA complexes. These data suggest that the action of IFN-alpha in CML may be linked to a pathway that can result in posttranslational modification of nuclear proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Howard
- Department of Hematology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Ventura GJ, Hester JP, Swan F, Vadhan-Raj S, Turpin J, Dicke KA, Reading CL. Analysis of peripheral blood granulocyte-macrophage colony growth by limiting dilution assay. Exp Hematol 1989; 17:125-9. [PMID: 2643518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of myeloid progenitor cells in the peripheral blood (peripheral blood colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage; PBCFU-GM) is limited by their low frequency and by the presence of inhibitory cell populations. These factors limit the study of cytokines and cellular influences on PBCFU-GM in semisolid media assays and complicate the interpretation of data. We have developed a limiting dilution assay (LDA) in liquid culture for PBCFU-GM that allows evaluation of inhibitory or accessory effects of other cell populations and estimation of progenitor cell frequency. Using this system we have examined the inhibitory effect of autologous monocytes on in vitro colony growth. After monocyte depletion by counterflow centrifugal elutriation and adherence, colony growth with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was linear over a wide range of cell densities, indicating a direct proliferative effect on circulating myeloid progenitor cells. Simultaneous PBCFU-GM assays in agar demonstrated monocyte inhibition but did not afford reliable interpretation of either progenitor frequency or linear growth kinetics in a statistically verifiable fashion. LDA in liquid culture may be a useful tool to study the effects of various cytokines and cell populations on PBCFU-GM in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Ventura
- Department of Hematology, University of Texas System Cancer Center, Houston 77030
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31
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Lautersztain J, Perez-Soler R, Turpin J, Khokhar AR, Siddik ZH, Schmidt K, Lopez-Berestein G. Cellular pharmacology of liposomal cis-bis-neodecanoato-trans-R,R-1,2-diaminocyclohexaneplatinum (II) in mouse resident peritoneal macrophages, Kupffer cells, and hepatocytes. Cancer Res 1988; 48:1300-6. [PMID: 3342409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro and in vivo interaction of liposomal cis-bis-neodecanoato-trans-R,R-1,2-diaminocyclohexaneplatinum++ + (II) (L-NDDP) with mouse resident peritoneal macrophages (RPM), Kupffer cells (KC), and hepatocytes was studied. The peak in vitro uptake of L-NDDP by RPM was 12.5 ng elemental platinum/100 micrograms cell protein and constituted 0.2% of the platinum available for phagocytosis. The subsequent release of platinum by RPM was rapid initially, with a 20-fold increase over the first 4 h, followed by a plateau; ultrafilterable (free) platinum constituted 50% of the total platinum released at 24 h. The retained intracellular platinum in RPM at 24 h was close to 50% of that initially present. The peak in vitro uptake of L-NDDP by KC was 11.3 ng platinum/100 micrograms cell protein and amounted to 0.2% of the platinum available for phagocytosis. The release of platinum by KC was detectable only after 4 h of incubation and increased 3-fold over the next 14 h. The ultrafilterable platinum released by KC at 18 h was 40% of the total platinum released. The retained intracellular platinum in KC at 18 h was 33% of that initially present. The peak in vitro uptake of L-NDDP by hepatocytes was almost 50 ng platinum/100 micrograms cell protein and constituted 0.8% of the platinum available for intake. Following the i.v. injection of L-NDDP, hepatocytes contained up to 6-fold higher platinum concentrations than KC. This observation was supported by transmission electron microscopy showing a higher concentration of multilamellar vesicles within hepatocytes than in KC, 5 min after i.v. injection of L-NDDP. These findings suggest that L-NDDP becomes available to the liver following i.v. injection, that both macrophages and hepatocytes play a role in the metabolism of L-NDDP, and that Kupffer cells could mediate a sustained release of platinum in the liver following the interaction with L-NDDP, indicating the potential of L-NDDP for the treatment of tumors in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lautersztain
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Biological Therapy, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston 77030-2603
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Metha K, Turpin J, Lopez-Berestein G. Induction of tissue transglutaminase in human peripheral blood monocytes by intracellular delivery of retinoids. J Leukoc Biol 1987; 41:341-8. [PMID: 2883247 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.41.4.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBM) from normal donors, isolated by counter-current centrifugal elutriation into two subpopulations, showed no significant difference in their ability to differentiate in vitro into macrophages as determined by induction of a protein cross-linking enzyme tissue transglutaminase (TGase). The two subpopulations were equally responsive to the augmenting effect of recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) on expression of tissue TGase. In vitro maturation and treatment with rIFN-gamma of HPBM were associated with increased binding of tritiated retinol. Intracellular delivery of retinol rendered this hormone active in inducing the differentiation of HPBM. The retinoid-induced expression of tissue TGase was the result of increased accumulation of the enzyme peptide and not activation of preexisting enzyme. We propose, therefore, that maturation of HPBM, induced by in vitro culture or treatment with rIFN-gamma, is associated with acquisition of cell surface receptors for serum retinol-binding protein.
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Klostergaard J, Foster WA, Hamilton DA, Turpin J, Lopez-Berestein G. Effector mechanisms of human monocyte-mediated tumor cytotoxicity in vitro: biochemical, functional, and serological characterization of cytotoxins produced by peripheral blood monocytes isolated by counterflow elutriation. Cancer Res 1986; 46:2871-5. [PMID: 3698012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human peripheral blood monocytes, isolated in high purity by centrifugal counterflow elutriation from normal donors, release cell toxins, herein termed human monocyte toxins (HMTs) upon further stimulation in vitro. The principal form of HMTs produced by these human peripheral blood monocytes has been subjected to biochemical, functional, and serological characterization. By molecular sieving on Sephacryl S-200, HMTs can be resolved into two molecular weight classes. The larger, termed alpha, has a molecular weight of about 120,000, and the smaller, termed beta, has a molecular weight of about 65,000. The beta class is by far the most predominant species and has been further characterized. Chromatofocusing of beta-HMT indicates a slightly acidic nature, since this species is eluted at pH 5.8. Functional characterization of beta-HMT suggests that it is not a trypsin-like protease, since neither alpha,N-tosyl-L-lysylchloromethylketone nor alpha,N-tosyl-L-arginyl methyl ester are capable of causing significant inhibition of the cell-lytic activity of the molecule. Furthermore, cell lysis induced by beta-HMT appears to be independent of oxygen-dependent mechanisms, since catalase is incapable of blocking lysis, and since hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion are not produced in detectable amounts during lysis. Finally, beta-HMT does not appear to be an arginase, since it is active in arginine-containing medium and further addition of arginine to the assay medium does not inhibit lysis significantly. beta-HMT is serologically related to recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHuTNF), since its cell lytic activity can be blocked by a rabbit antiserum against rHuTNF. However, much higher levels of this antiserum are required to achieve neutralization than are required to neutralize a comparable number of cell lytic units of rHuTNF. Furthermore, the results of preliminary immunoprecipitation experiments using the rabbit anti-rHuTNF antiserum suggest that a peptide in the Mr 60,000-70,000 range is recognized by this serum, whereas no signal at Mr 17,000 corresponding to rHuTNF is detectable. Thus, human peripheral blood monocytes can be triggered to release cell toxins, the principal form of which, beta-HMT, appears to be functionally distinct from the cytotoxic proteases reported in the murine system and appears to be molecularly distinct from, but serologically related to rHuTNF.
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Turpin J, Hersh EM, Lopez-Berestein G. Characterization of small and large human peripheral blood monocytes: effects of in vitro maturation on hydrogen peroxide release and on the response to macrophage activators. The Journal of Immunology 1986. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.136.11.4194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBM) isolated from normal donors by centrifugal elutriation were divided into two populations according to volume. (Median volumes of small monocytes (SM) and large monocytes (LM) were 255 micron and 280 micron, respectively.) H2O2 production was determined during in vitro culture and in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to recombinant human interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma). On day 1, H2O2 production by LM was significantly greater than that by SM. In vitro culture of SM resulted in an augmented ability to produce H2O2. By day 3, SM were the major H2O2 producers. Freshly isolated SM and LM, exposed for 24 hr to LPS and rIFN-gamma, showed different patterns of activation. Both SM and LM responded to LPS, with LM responding maximally at lower doses than SM. Only SM showed a significant augmentation of H2O2 production with rIFN-gamma treatment. We also assessed the effect of in vitro culture with activation. SM but not LM showed an increased H2O2 to LPS and rIFN-gamma after 7 days in culture. Continuous exposure of SM to rIFN-gamma resulted in maximal H2O2 production at day 3 of culture; this pattern was not seen for LPS. The production of H2O2 by HPBM is related to in vitro maturation. The enhanced H2O2 production by HPBM upon exposure to rIFN-gamma may be related to the induction of in vitro maturation.
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Turpin J. Hawaii Microfilm helps pioneer use of micrographics in Aloha State. J Inf Image Manage 1986; 19:22-5. [PMID: 10277648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Turpin J, Hersh EM, Lopez-Berestein G. Characterization of small and large human peripheral blood monocytes: effects of in vitro maturation on hydrogen peroxide release and on the response to macrophage activators. J Immunol 1986; 136:4194-8. [PMID: 3084656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBM) isolated from normal donors by centrifugal elutriation were divided into two populations according to volume. (Median volumes of small monocytes (SM) and large monocytes (LM) were 255 micron and 280 micron, respectively.) H2O2 production was determined during in vitro culture and in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to recombinant human interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma). On day 1, H2O2 production by LM was significantly greater than that by SM. In vitro culture of SM resulted in an augmented ability to produce H2O2. By day 3, SM were the major H2O2 producers. Freshly isolated SM and LM, exposed for 24 hr to LPS and rIFN-gamma, showed different patterns of activation. Both SM and LM responded to LPS, with LM responding maximally at lower doses than SM. Only SM showed a significant augmentation of H2O2 production with rIFN-gamma treatment. We also assessed the effect of in vitro culture with activation. SM but not LM showed an increased H2O2 to LPS and rIFN-gamma after 7 days in culture. Continuous exposure of SM to rIFN-gamma resulted in maximal H2O2 production at day 3 of culture; this pattern was not seen for LPS. The production of H2O2 by HPBM is related to in vitro maturation. The enhanced H2O2 production by HPBM upon exposure to rIFN-gamma may be related to the induction of in vitro maturation.
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Klostergaard J, Turpin J, Lopez-Berestein G. Effector mechanisms of human monocyte-mediated tumor cytotoxicity in vitro: parameters of induction of cytotoxins from peripheral blood monocytes isolated by counterflow elutriation. Cancer Res 1986; 46:662-9. [PMID: 3079667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human peripheral blood monocytes, isolated in high purity by centrifugal counterflow elutriation from normal donors, were stimulated in vitro to release cell toxins, herein termed human monocyte toxin(s) (HMT). Bacterial lipopolysaccharide, the lipophilic 6-O-stearoyl derivative of muramyl dipeptide, and 4 beta-phorbol-12 beta-myristate-13 alpha-acetate served as effective induction signals. Induction involved a sequence of transcription, translation, and secretion, all necessary for HMT synthesis and release into the supernatant as determined by blocking of these functions with the drugs actinomycin D, cycloheximide, and monensin, respectively; HMT levels reached a peak within 4-6 h and thereafter declined. The levels of HMT produced varied considerably from donor to donor; one parameter causing this variability appeared to be the plateletapheresis history of the donor. Monocytes from donors subjected to pheresis for the first time were responsive to induction signals immediately after adherence and could not be brought to a higher state of priming for HMT production by further in vitro culture for up to 9 days, with or without recombinant human gamma-interferon. In contrast, monocytes from donors who had recently undergone pheresis (up to 1 wk earlier) were poorly responsive initially to triggering with lipopolysaccharide; however, these cells could be brought to a highly primed state for HMT production by a combination of culture in vitro for several days and a subsequent 24-h exposure to recombinant gamma-interferon (0.1-1.0 units/ml). These primed cells could then be effectively triggered by lipopolysaccharide to release HMT. HMT was found to be cytotoxic (cytostatic/cytolytic) for human and murine tumor cells in vitro.
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Turpin J, Hester JP, Hersh EM, Lopez-Berestein G. Centrifugal elutriation as a method for isolation of large numbers of functionally intact human peripheral blood monocytes. J Clin Apher 1986; 3:111-8. [PMID: 3084457 DOI: 10.1002/jca.2920030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Centrifugal elutriation was used further to isolate human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBM) from mononuclear-enriched cells harvested as a secondary component following platelet concentration collection samples. HPBM were recovered in either one or two populations consisting of either total HPBM or small (SM) and large monocytes (LM). The elutriation was carried out at 3,500 +/- 5 rpm for the separation of lymphocytes and HPBM in Ca++- and Mg++-free PBS without EDTA. An average of 5.05 +/- 1.50 X 10(8) HPBM were recovered in the total HPBM with a purity of 95% +/- 3%. The SM and LM were obtained by splitting the total HPBM into two equal populations with an HPBM purity of 92% +/- 3% and 93% +/- 3, respectively, by nonspecific esterase staining. The elutriation media were shown to have no effect on viability by trypan blue exclusion. All three HPBM populations were shown to be histochemically (lack of reactivity to leu-1 and leu-7) and functionally (depletion of NK cell activity) purified from the lymphocyte population. The HPBM populations were enriched in HLA-Dr, OKM-1, OKM-5, MY-8, and leu M-3 monoclonal antibody marker staining. There were no differences in percent positive cells between SM and LM populations for any of the monocyte-specific monoclonal antibodies. All three monocyte populations mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity to human red blood cells, with LM mediating more lysis (27.0% +/- 5%) than SM (7% +/- 3%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Turpin J, Richards M. Sharing a service. Occup Health (Lond) 1976; 28:473-4. [PMID: 1049778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Dubois G, Turpin J, Baumann N. P-Nitrocatechol sulfate for arylsulfatase assay: detection of metachromatic leukodystrophy variants. Adv Exp Med Biol 1976; 68:233-7. [PMID: 7104 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7735-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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41
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Allannic H, Turpin J, Leverger P, Lorcy Y. [Polyneuritis due to nitrofuran derivatives]. Sem Hop 1975; -51:2805-7. [PMID: 175449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Allannic H, Leverger JC, Lorcy Y, Turpin J, Vivien P. [Proceedings: Hyperthyroidism with pyramidal signs: report of a case (author's transl)]. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 1975; 36:365-6. [PMID: 1217886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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43
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Turpin J, Badiche A. [Role of authority in the psychotherapy of alcoholics. (Apropos of a specialized outpatient clinic in a big firm]. Ann Med Psychol (Paris) 1972; 2:389-97. [PMID: 4648226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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44
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45
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Turpin J, Goffin JC. [Radiotherapy in the treatment of breast cancers]. J Belge Radiol 1972; 55:115-23. [PMID: 5042967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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46
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Noterman J, Fruhling J, Turpin J. [Cerebral angioscintigraphy: a new research method in neurology]. Brux Med 1971; 51:875-8. [PMID: 5143368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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47
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Henry J, Goffin JC, Turpin J. [Role of betatron therapy (35 MeV) in the treatment of rectal cancer]. Bull Soc Int Chir 1971; 30:530-7. [PMID: 4110356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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48
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Vivien P, Gastard J, Allannic H, Turpin J, Loussouarn J. [Intrapulmonary round images in brucellosis]. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1971; 122:121-6. [PMID: 5548144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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49
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Vivien P, Allannic H, Loussouarn J, Turpin J. [Use of calcium heparinate in anticoagulant therapy]. Therapie 1971; 26:141-8. [PMID: 5554761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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50
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Vivien P, Allannic H, Turpin J, Prunier P, Leborgne P, Loussouarn J. [A case of voluminous cystine lithiasis cured with high doses of sodium bicarbonate]. Therapie 1971; 26:121-7. [PMID: 5554759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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