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Zhen Y, Yang Y, Zheng Y, Wang X, Liu L, Zheng Z, Zheng H, Tang S. The heritability and structural correlates of resting-state fMRI complexity. Neuroimage 2024; 296:120657. [PMID: 38810892 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The complexity of fMRI signals quantifies temporal dynamics of spontaneous neural activity, which has been increasingly recognized as providing important insights into cognitive functions and psychiatric disorders. However, its heritability and structural underpinnings are not well understood. Here, we utilize multi-scale sample entropy to extract resting-state fMRI complexity in a large healthy adult sample from the Human Connectome Project. We show that fMRI complexity at multiple time scales is heritable in broad brain regions. Heritability estimates are modest and regionally variable. We relate fMRI complexity to brain structure including surface area, cortical myelination, cortical thickness, subcortical volumes, and total brain volume. We find that surface area is negatively correlated with fine-scale complexity and positively correlated with coarse-scale complexity in most cortical regions, especially the association cortex. Most of these correlations are related to common genetic and environmental effects. We also find positive correlations between cortical myelination and fMRI complexity at fine scales and negative correlations at coarse scales in the prefrontal cortex, lateral temporal lobe, precuneus, lateral parietal cortex, and cingulate cortex, with these correlations mainly attributed to common environmental effects. We detect few significant associations between fMRI complexity and cortical thickness. Despite the non-significant association with total brain volume, fMRI complexity exhibits significant correlations with subcortical volumes in the hippocampus, cerebellum, putamen, and pallidum at certain scales. Collectively, our work establishes the genetic basis and structural correlates of resting-state fMRI complexity across multiple scales, supporting its potential application as an endophenotype for psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhen
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaqian Yang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Zhongguancun Laboratory, Beijing 100094, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; PengCheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Longzhao Liu
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Zhongguancun Laboratory, Beijing 100094, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; PengCheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiming Zheng
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; Zhongguancun Laboratory, Beijing 100094, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; PengCheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Key Lab of Software Development Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongwei Zheng
- Beijing Academy of Blockchain and Edge Computing, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Shaoting Tang
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; Zhongguancun Laboratory, Beijing 100094, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; PengCheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Key Lab of Software Development Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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2
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Wu X, Zhang Y, Xue M, Li J, Li X, Cui Z, Gao JH, Yang G. Heritability of functional gradients in the human subcortico-cortical connectivity. Commun Biol 2024; 7:854. [PMID: 38997510 PMCID: PMC11245549 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06551-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The human subcortex plays a pivotal role in cognition and is widely implicated in the pathophysiology of many psychiatric disorders. However, the heritability of functional gradients based on subcortico-cortical functional connectivity remains elusive. Here, leveraging twin functional MRI (fMRI) data from both the Human Connectome Project (n = 1023) and the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (n = 936) datasets, we construct large-scale subcortical functional gradients and delineate an increased principal functional gradient pattern from unimodal sensory/motor networks to transmodal association networks. We observed that this principal functional gradient is heritable, and the strength of heritability exhibits a heterogeneous pattern along a hierarchical unimodal-transmodal axis in subcortex for both young adults and children. Furthermore, employing a machine learning framework, we show that this heterogeneous pattern of the principal functional gradient in subcortex can accurately discern the relationship between monozygotic twin pairs and dizygotic twin pairs with an accuracy of 76.2% (P < 0.001). The heritability of functional gradients is associated with the anatomical myelin proxied by MRI-derived T1-weighted/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) ratio mapping in subcortex. This study provides new insights into the biological basis of subcortical functional hierarchy by revealing the structural and genetic properties of the subcortical functional gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wu
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mufan Xue
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zaixu Cui
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Hong Gao
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institution of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China.
| | - Guoyuan Yang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
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3
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Foubet O, Mangin JF, Sun ZY, Sherwood CC, Hopkins WD. Phylogenetic differences in the morphology and shape of the central sulcus in great apes and humans: implications for the evolution of motor functions. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae232. [PMID: 38869374 PMCID: PMC11170658 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The central sulcus divides the primary motor and somatosensory cortices in many anthropoid primate brains. Differences exist in the surface area and depth of the central sulcus along the dorso-ventral plane in great apes and humans compared to other primate species. Within hominid species, there are variations in the depth and aspect of their hand motor area, or knob, within the precentral gyrus. In this study, we used post-image analyses on magnetic resonance images to characterize the central sulcus shape of humans, chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), and orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus and Pongo abelii). Using these data, we examined the morphological variability of central sulcus in hominids, focusing on the hand region, a significant change in human evolution. We show that the central sulcus shape differs between great ape species, but all show similar variations in the location of their hand knob. However, the prevalence of the knob location along the dorso-ventral plane and lateralization differs between species and the presence of a second ventral motor knob seems to be unique to humans. Humans and orangutans exhibit the most similar and complex central sulcus shapes. However, their similarities may reflect divergent evolutionary processes related to selection for different positional and habitual locomotor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophelie Foubet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Ile de France, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Ile de France, France
| | - Zhong Yi Sun
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, Ile de France, France
| | - Chet C Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, United States
| | - William D Hopkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Michale E Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, M D Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, United States
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4
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Strike LT, Kerestes R, McMahon KL, de Zubicaray GI, Harding IH, Medland SE. Heritability of cerebellar subregion volumes in adolescent and young adult twins. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26717. [PMID: 38798116 PMCID: PMC11128777 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Twin studies have found gross cerebellar volume to be highly heritable. However, whether fine-grained regional volumes within the cerebellum are similarly heritable is still being determined. Anatomical MRI scans from two independent datasets (QTIM: Queensland Twin IMaging, N = 798, mean age 22.1 years; QTAB: Queensland Twin Adolescent Brain, N = 396, mean age 11.3 years) were combined with an optimised and automated cerebellum parcellation algorithm to segment and measure 28 cerebellar regions. We show that the heritability of regional volumetric measures varies widely across the cerebellum (h 2 $$ {h}^2 $$ 47%-91%). Additionally, the good to excellent test-retest reliability for a subsample of QTIM participants suggests that non-genetic variance in cerebellar volumes is due primarily to unique environmental influences rather than measurement error. We also show a consistent pattern of strong associations between the volumes of homologous left and right hemisphere regions. Associations were predominantly driven by genetic effects shared between lobules, with only sparse contributions from environmental effects. These findings are consistent with similar studies of the cerebrum and provide a first approximation of the upper bound of heritability detectable by genome-wide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan T. Strike
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Rebecca Kerestes
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Katie L. McMahon
- School of Clinical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical TechnologiesQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Greig I. de Zubicaray
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
| | - Ian H. Harding
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
- Cerebellum and Neurodegeneration, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia
- School of PsychologyUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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5
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Sighinolfi G, Mitolo M, Pizzagalli F, Stanzani-Maserati M, Remondini D, Rochat MJ, Cantoni E, Venturi G, Vornetti G, Bartiromo F, Capellari S, Liguori R, Tonon C, Testa C, Lodi R. Sulcal Morphometry Predicts Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion to Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:177-190. [PMID: 38640154 PMCID: PMC11191431 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Being able to differentiate mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients who would eventually convert (MCIc) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) from those who would not (MCInc) is a key challenge for prognosis. Objective This study aimed to investigate the ability of sulcal morphometry to predict MCI progression to AD, dedicating special attention to an accurate identification of sulci. Methods Twenty-five AD patients, thirty-seven MCI and twenty-five healthy controls (HC) underwent a brain-MR protocol (1.5T scanner) including a high-resolution T1-weighted sequence. MCI patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment at baseline and were clinically re-evaluated after a mean of 2.3 years. At follow-up, 12 MCI were classified as MCInc and 25 as MCIc. Sulcal morphometry was investigated using the BrainVISA framework. Consistency of sulci across subjects was ensured by visual inspection and manual correction of the automatic labelling in each subject. Sulcal surface, depth, length, and width were retrieved from 106 sulci. Features were compared across groups and their classification accuracy in predicting MCI conversion was tested. Potential relationships between sulcal features and cognitive scores were explored using Spearman's correlation. Results The width of sulci in the temporo-occipital region strongly differentiated between each pair of groups. Comparing MCIc and MCInc, the width of several sulci in the bilateral temporo-occipital and left frontal areas was significantly altered. Higher width of frontal sulci was associated with worse performances in short-term verbal memory and phonemic fluency. Conclusions Sulcal morphometry emerged as a strong tool for differentiating HC, MCI, and AD, demonstrating its potential prognostic value for the MCI population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Micaela Mitolo
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniel Remondini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Elena Cantoni
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Greta Venturi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Vornetti
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fiorina Bartiromo
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Capellari
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina Tonon
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Testa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Raffaele Lodi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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6
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Snyder WE, Vértes PE, Kyriakopoulou V, Wagstyl K, Williams LZJ, Moraczewski D, Thomas AG, Karolis VR, Seidlitz J, Rivière D, Robinson EC, Mangin JF, Raznahan A, Bullmore ET. A bipolar taxonomy of adult human brain sulcal morphology related to timing of fetal sulcation and trans-sulcal gene expression gradients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.19.572454. [PMID: 38168226 PMCID: PMC10760196 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.19.572454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
We developed a computational pipeline (now provided as a resource) for measuring morphological similarity between cortical surface sulci to construct a sulcal phenotype network (SPN) from each magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in an adult cohort (N=34,725; 45-82 years). Networks estimated from pairwise similarities of 40 sulci on 5 morphological metrics comprised two clusters of sulci, represented also by the bipolar distribution of sulci on a linear-to-complex dimension. Linear sulci were more heritable and typically located in unimodal cortex; complex sulci were less heritable and typically located in heteromodal cortex. Aligning these results with an independent fetal brain MRI cohort (N=228; 21-36 gestational weeks), we found that linear sulci formed earlier, and the earliest and latest-forming sulci had the least between-adult variation. Using high-resolution maps of cortical gene expression, we found that linear sulcation is mechanistically underpinned by trans-sulcal gene expression gradients enriched for developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Snyder
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Petra E Vértes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vanessa Kyriakopoulou
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Konrad Wagstyl
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Logan Z J Williams
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dustin Moraczewski
- Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam G Thomas
- Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vyacheslav R Karolis
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Denis Rivière
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
| | - Emma C Robinson
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jean-Francois Mangin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edward T Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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7
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Yadav R, Dupé FX, Takerkart S, Auzias G. Population-wise labeling of sulcal graphs using multi-graph matching. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293886. [PMID: 37943809 PMCID: PMC10635518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-wise matching of the cortical folds is necessary to compute statistics, a required step for e.g. identifying biomarkers of neurological or psychiatric disorders. The difficulty arises from the massive inter-individual variations in the morphology and spatial organization of the folds. The task is challenging both methodologically and conceptually. In the widely used registration-based techniques, these variations are considered as noise and the matching of folds is only implicit. Alternative approaches are based on the extraction and explicit identification of the cortical folds. In particular, representing cortical folding patterns as graphs of sulcal basins-termed sulcal graphs-enables to formalize the task as a graph-matching problem. In this paper, we propose to address the problem of sulcal graph matching directly at the population level using multi-graph matching techniques. First, we motivate the relevance of the multi-graph matching framework in this context. We then present a procedure for generating populations of artificial sulcal graphs, which allows us to benchmark several state-of-the-art multi-graph matching methods. Our results on both artificial and real data demonstrate the effectiveness of multi-graph matching techniques in obtaining a population-wise consistent labeling of cortical folds at the sulcal basin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Yadav
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Institut Marseille Imaging, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire d’Informatique et Systèmes UMR 7020, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - François-Xavier Dupé
- Laboratoire d’Informatique et Systèmes UMR 7020, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Sylvain Takerkart
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Auzias
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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8
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Larsen B, Sydnor VJ, Keller AS, Yeo BTT, Satterthwaite TD. A critical period plasticity framework for the sensorimotor-association axis of cortical neurodevelopment. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:847-862. [PMID: 37643932 PMCID: PMC10530452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
To understand human brain development it is necessary to describe not only the spatiotemporal patterns of neurodevelopment but also the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie them. Human neuroimaging studies have provided evidence for a hierarchical sensorimotor-to-association (S-A) axis of cortical neurodevelopment. Understanding the biological mechanisms that underlie this program of development using traditional neuroimaging approaches has been challenging. Animal models have been used to identify periods of enhanced experience-dependent plasticity - 'critical periods' - that progress along cortical hierarchies and are governed by a conserved set of neurobiological mechanisms that promote and then restrict plasticity. In this review we hypothesize that the S-A axis of cortical development in humans is partly driven by the cascading maturation of critical period plasticity mechanisms. We then describe how recent advances in in vivo neuroimaging approaches provide a promising path toward testing this hypothesis by linking signals derived from non-invasive imaging to critical period mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Larsen
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Valerie J Sydnor
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arielle S Keller
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B T Thomas Yeo
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition (CSC), and Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research (TMR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; N.1 Institute for Health and Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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9
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de Matos K, Cury C, Chougar L, Strike LT, Rolland T, Riche M, Hemforth L, Martin A, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML, Artiges E, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Lemaitre H, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Frouin V, Bach Cuadra M, Colliot O, Couvy-Duchesne B. Temporo-basal sulcal connections: a manual annotation protocol and an investigation of sexual dimorphism and heritability. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1459-1478. [PMID: 37358662 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The temporo-basal region of the human brain is composed of the collateral, the occipito-temporal, and the rhinal sulci. We manually rated (using a novel protocol) the connections between rhinal/collateral (RS-CS), collateral/occipito-temporal (CS-OTS) and rhinal/occipito-temporal (RS-OTS) sulci, using the MRI of nearly 3400 individuals including around 1000 twins. We reported both the associations between sulcal polymorphisms as well with a wide range of demographics (e.g. age, sex, handedness). Finally, we also estimated the heritability, and the genetic correlation between sulcal connections. We reported the frequency of the sulcal connections in the general population, which were hemisphere dependent. We found a sexual dimorphism of the connections, especially marked in the right hemisphere, with a CS-OTS connection more frequent in females (approximately 35-40% versus 20-25% in males) and an RS-CS connection more common in males (approximately 40-45% versus 25-30% in females). We confirmed associations between sulcal connections and characteristics of incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI). We estimated the broad sense heritability to be 0.28-0.45 for RS-CS and CS-OTS connections, with hints of dominant contribution for the RS-CS connection. The connections appeared to share some of their genetic causing factors as indicated by strong genetic correlations. Heritability appeared much smaller for the (rarer) RS-OTS connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin de Matos
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Vaud, Switzerland
- Radiology Department, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Cury
- CNRS, Inria, Inserm, IRISA UMR 6074, Empenn ERL U-1228, University of Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Lydia Chougar
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
- Service de neuroradiologie, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lachlan T Strike
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thibault Rolland
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Maximilien Riche
- Department of Neurosurgery, AP-HP, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Hemforth
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Martin
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
- Inria Sophia Antipolis, Morpheme Project, Paris, France
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Brunswick, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", CNRS, AP-HP, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", CNRS, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Herve Lemaitre
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tomáš Paus
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université de Montréal and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nilakshi Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-Inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Vincent Frouin
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Meritxell Bach Cuadra
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Vaud, Switzerland
- Radiology Department, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Colliot
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France.
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4062, Australia.
- ARAMIS Team, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Institut du Cerveau, 75013, Paris, France.
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10
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Pretzsch CM, Ecker C. Structural neuroimaging phenotypes and associated molecular and genomic underpinnings in autism: a review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1172779. [PMID: 37457001 PMCID: PMC10347684 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1172779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism has been associated with differences in the developmental trajectories of multiple neuroanatomical features, including cortical thickness, surface area, cortical volume, measures of gyrification, and the gray-white matter tissue contrast. These neuroimaging features have been proposed as intermediate phenotypes on the gradient from genomic variation to behavioral symptoms. Hence, examining what these proxy markers represent, i.e., disentangling their associated molecular and genomic underpinnings, could provide crucial insights into the etiology and pathophysiology of autism. In line with this, an increasing number of studies are exploring the association between neuroanatomical, cellular/molecular, and (epi)genetic variation in autism, both indirectly and directly in vivo and across age. In this review, we aim to summarize the existing literature in autism (and neurotypicals) to chart a putative pathway from (i) imaging-derived neuroanatomical cortical phenotypes to (ii) underlying (neuropathological) biological processes, and (iii) associated genomic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M. Pretzsch
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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11
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Lee Y, Park JY, Lee JJ, Gim J, Do AR, Jo J, Park J, Kim K, Park K, Jin H, Choi KY, Kang S, Kim H, Kim S, Moon SH, Farrer LA, Lee KH, Won S. Heritability of cognitive abilities and regional brain structures in middle-aged to elderly East Asians. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:6051-6062. [PMID: 36642501 PMCID: PMC10183741 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the single-nucleotide polymorphism heritability and genetic correlations of cognitive abilities and brain structural measures (regional subcortical volume and cortical thickness) in middle-aged and elderly East Asians (Korean) from the Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementias cohort study. Significant heritability was found in memory function, caudate volume, thickness of the entorhinal cortices, pars opercularis, superior frontal gyri, and transverse temporal gyri. There were 3 significant genetic correlations between (i) the caudate volume and the thickness of the entorhinal cortices, (ii) the thickness of the superior frontal gyri and pars opercularis, and (iii) the thickness of the superior frontal and transverse temporal gyri. This is the first study to describe the heritability and genetic correlations of cognitive and neuroanatomical traits in middle-aged to elderly East Asians. Our results support the previous findings showing that genetic factors play a substantial role in the cognitive and neuroanatomical traits in middle to advanced age. Moreover, by demonstrating shared genetic effects on different brain regions, it gives us a genetic insight into understanding cognitive and brain changes with age, such as aging-related cognitive decline, cortical atrophy, and neural compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghwa Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Young Park
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Jae Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jungsoo Gim
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ah Ra Do
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinyeon Jo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhong Park
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kangjin Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Park
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heejin Jin
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Yeong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sarang Kang
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hoowon Kim
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer’s Disease & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- RexSoft Inc., Seoul, Korea
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12
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de Vareilles H, Rivière D, Mangin JF, Dubois J. Development of cortical folds in the human brain: An attempt to review biological hypotheses, early neuroimaging investigations and functional correlates. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 61:101249. [PMID: 37141790 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The folding of the human brain mostly takes place in utero, making it challenging to study. After a few pioneer studies looking into it in post-mortem foetal specimen, modern approaches based on neuroimaging have allowed the community to investigate the folding process in vivo, its normal progression, its early disturbances, and its relationship to later functional outcomes. In this review article, we aimed to first give an overview of the current hypotheses on the mechanisms governing cortical folding. After describing the methodological difficulties raised by its study in fetuses, neonates and infants with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we reported our current understanding of sulcal pattern emergence in the developing brain. We then highlighted the functional relevance of early sulcal development, through recent insights about hemispheric asymmetries and early factors influencing this dynamic such as prematurity. Finally, we outlined how longitudinal studies have started to relate early folding markers and the child's sensorimotor and cognitive outcome. Through this review, we hope to raise awareness on the potential of studying early sulcal patterns both from a fundamental and clinical perspective, as a window into early neurodevelopment and plasticity in relation to growth in utero and postnatal environment of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- H de Vareilles
- Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-BAOBAB, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - D Rivière
- Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-BAOBAB, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J F Mangin
- Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-BAOBAB, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Dubois
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-UNIACT, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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13
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Hopkins WD, Coulon O, Meguerditchian A, Staes N, Sherwood CC, Schapiro SJ, Mangin JF, Bradley B. Genetic determinants of individual variation in the superior temporal sulcus of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1925-1940. [PMID: 35697647 PMCID: PMC9977371 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The superior temporal sulcus (STS) is a conserved fold that divides the middle and superior temporal gyri. In humans, there is considerable variation in the shape, folding pattern, lateralization, and depth of the STS that have been reported to be associated with social cognition and linguistic functions. We examined the role that genetic factors play on individual variation in STS morphology in chimpanzees. The surface area and depth of the STS were quantified in sample of 292 captive chimpanzees comprised of two genetically isolated population of individuals. The chimpanzees had been previously genotyped for AVPR1A and KIAA0319, two genes that play a role in social cognition and communication in humans. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the KIAA0319 and AVPR1A genes were associated with average depth as well as asymmetries in the STS. By contrast, we found no significant effects of these KIA0319 and AVPR1A polymorphism on surface area and depth measures for the central sulcus. The overall findings indicate that genetic factors account for a small to moderate amount of variation in STS morphology in chimpanzees. These findings are discussed in the context of the role of the STS in social cognition and language in humans and their potential evolutionary origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Hopkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
- IMéRA – Institut d’Etudes Avancées, Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille 13004, France
- Institute of Language, Communication and The Brain, Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, Aix-en-Provence 13604, France
| | - Oliver Coulon
- Institute of Language, Communication and The Brain, Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, Aix-en-Provence 13604, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone, UMR7289, Marseille 13284, France
| | - Adrien Meguerditchian
- Institute of Language, Communication and The Brain, Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, Aix-en-Provence 13604, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, UMR 7290, LPC, Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Marseille 13284, France
| | - Nicky Staes
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Chet C Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Steven J Schapiro
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200N, Denmark
| | | | - Brenda Bradley
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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14
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Lemaitre H, Le Guen Y, Tilot AK, Stein JL, Philippe C, Mangin JF, Fisher SE, Frouin V. Genetic variations within human gained enhancer elements affect human brain sulcal morphology. Neuroimage 2023; 265:119773. [PMID: 36442731 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of the cerebral cortex is one of the most distinctive changes in the evolution of the human brain. Cortical expansion and related increases in cortical folding may have contributed to emergence of our capacities for high-order cognitive abilities. Molecular analysis of humans, archaic hominins, and non-human primates has allowed identification of chromosomal regions showing evolutionary changes at different points of our phylogenetic history. In this study, we assessed the contributions of genomic annotations spanning 30 million years to human sulcal morphology measured via MRI in more than 18,000 participants from the UK Biobank. We found that variation within brain-expressed human gained enhancers, regulatory genetic elements that emerged since our last common ancestor with Old World monkeys, explained more trait heritability than expected for the left and right calloso-marginal posterior fissures and the right central sulcus. Intriguingly, these are sulci that have been previously linked to the evolution of locomotion in primates and later on bipedalism in our hominin ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herve Lemaitre
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS UMR 5293, Université de bordeaux, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Yann Le Guen
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab UMR 9027, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Amanda K Tilot
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jason L Stein
- Department of Genetics and the UNC Neuroscience Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Cathy Philippe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab UMR 9027, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab UMR 9027, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, Baobab UMR 9027, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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15
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Sun BB, Loomis SJ, Pizzagalli F, Shatokhina N, Painter JN, Foley CN, Jensen ME, McLaren DG, Chintapalli SS, Zhu AH, Dixon D, Islam T, Ba Gari I, Runz H, Medland SE, Thompson PM, Jahanshad N, Whelan CD. Genetic map of regional sulcal morphology in the human brain from UK biobank data. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6071. [PMID: 36241887 PMCID: PMC9568560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic associations with macroscopic brain structure can provide insights into brain function and disease. However, specific associations with measures of local brain folding are largely under-explored. Here, we conducted large-scale genome- and exome-wide associations of regional cortical sulcal measures derived from magnetic resonance imaging scans of 40,169 individuals in UK Biobank. We discovered 388 regional brain folding associations across 77 genetic loci, with genes in associated loci enriched for expression in the cerebral cortex, neuronal development processes, and differential regulation during early brain development. We integrated brain eQTLs to refine genes for various loci, implicated several genes involved in neurodevelopmental disorders, and highlighted global genetic correlations with neuropsychiatric phenotypes. We provide an interactive 3D visualisation of our summary associations, emphasising added resolution of regional analyses. Our results offer new insights into the genetic architecture of brain folding and provide a resource for future studies of sulcal morphology in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Sun
- Translational Biology, Research & Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, US.
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Stephanie J Loomis
- Translational Biology, Research & Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, US
| | - Fabrizio Pizzagalli
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US
| | - Natalia Shatokhina
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US
| | - Jodie N Painter
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher N Foley
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Optima Partners, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Megan E Jensen
- Clinical Sciences, Research & Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, US
| | - Donald G McLaren
- Clinical Sciences, Research & Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, US
| | | | - Alyssa H Zhu
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US
| | - Daniel Dixon
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US
| | - Tasfiya Islam
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US
| | - Iyad Ba Gari
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US
| | - Heiko Runz
- Translational Biology, Research & Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, US
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US.
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, US.
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16
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Miller JA, Weiner KS. Unfolding the evolution of human cognition. Trends Cogn Sci 2022; 26:735-737. [PMID: 35909020 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings spanning fields, from braincases in paleoneurobiology to invivo measurements in cognitive neuroscience, provide insights into the evolution of cognition. Here, we integrate these findings and propose that studying small, evolutionarily new cortical structures has significant implications for identifying new links between neuroanatomical substrates and human-specific aspects of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Miller
- Wu Tsai Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevin S Weiner
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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17
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Janssen J, Alloza C, Díaz-Caneja CM, Santonja J, Pina-Camacho L, Gordaliza PM, Fernández-Pena A, Lois NG, Buimer EEL, van Haren NEM, Cahn W, Vieta E, Castro-Fornieles J, Bernardo M, Arango C, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Schnack HG. Longitudinal Allometry of Sulcal Morphology in Health and Schizophrenia. J Neurosci 2022; 42:3704-3715. [PMID: 35318286 PMCID: PMC9087719 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0606-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaling between subcomponents of folding and total brain volume (TBV) in healthy individuals (HIs) is allometric. It is unclear whether this is true in schizophrenia (SZ) or first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study confirmed normative allometric scaling norms in HIs using discovery and replication samples. Cross-sectional and longitudinal diagnostic differences in folding subcomponents were then assessed using an allometric framework. Structural imaging from a longitudinal (Sample 1: HI and SZ, nHI Baseline = 298, nSZ Baseline = 169, nHI Follow-up = 293, nSZ Follow-up = 168, totaling 1087 images, all individuals ≥ 2 images, age 16-69 years) and a cross-sectional sample (Sample 2: nHI = 61 and nFEP = 89, age 10-30 years), all human males and females, is leveraged to calculate global folding and its nested subcomponents: sulcation index (SI, total sulcal/cortical hull area) and determinants of sulcal area: sulcal length and sulcal depth. Scaling of SI, sulcal area, and sulcal length with TBV in SZ and FEP was allometric and did not differ from HIs. Longitudinal age trajectories demonstrated steeper loss of SI and sulcal area through adulthood in SZ. Longitudinal allometric analysis revealed that both annual change in SI and sulcal area was significantly stronger related to change in TBV in SZ compared with HIs. Our results detail the first evidence of the disproportionate contribution of changes in SI and sulcal area to TBV changes in SZ. Longitudinal allometric analysis of sulcal morphology provides deeper insight into lifespan trajectories of cortical folding in SZ.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Psychotic disorders are associated with deficits in cortical folding and brain size, but we lack knowledge of how these two morphometric features are related. We leverage cross-sectional and longitudinal samples in which we decompose folding into a set of nested subcomponents: sulcal and hull area, and sulcal depth and length. We reveal that, in both schizophrenia and first-episode psychosis, (1) scaling of subcomponents with brain size is different from expected scaling laws and (2) caution is warranted when interpreting results from traditional methods for brain size correction. Longitudinal allometric scaling points to loss of sulcal area as a principal contributor to loss of brain size in schizophrenia. These findings advance the understanding of cortical folding atypicalities in psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Alloza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Santonja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Pina-Camacho
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro M Gordaliza
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Pena
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemi González Lois
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elizabeth E L Buimer
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Bipolar Disorders Unit, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10029 New York
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Aye N, Lehmann N, Kaufmann J, Heinze HJ, Düzel E, Taubert M, Ziegler G. Test-retest reliability of multi-parametric maps (MPM) of brain microstructure. Neuroimage 2022; 256:119249. [PMID: 35487455 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiparameter mapping (MPM) is a quantitative MRI protocol that is promising for studying microstructural brain changes in vivo with high specificity. Reliability values are an important prior knowledge for efficient study design and facilitating replicable findings in development, aging and neuroplasticity research. To explore longitudinal reliability of MPM we acquired the protocol in 31 healthy young subjects twice over a rescan interval of 4 weeks. We assessed the within-subject coefficient of variation (WCV), the between-subject coefficient of variation (BCV), and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Using these metrics, we investigated the reliability of (semi-) quantitative magnetization transfer saturation (MTsat), proton density (PD), transversal relaxation (R2*) and longitudinal relaxation (R1). To increase relevance for explorative studies in development and training-induced plasticity, we assess reliability both on local voxel- as well as ROI-level. Finally, we disentangle contributions and interplay of within- and between-subject variability to ICC and assess the optimal degree of spatial smoothing applied to the data. We reveal evidence that voxelwise ICC reliability of MPMs is moderate to good with median values in cortex (subcortical GM): MT: 0.789 (0.447) PD: 0.553 (0.264) R1: 0.555 (0.369) R2*: 0.624 (0.477). The Gaussian smoothing kernel of 2 to 4 mm FWHM resulted in optimal reproducibility. We discuss these findings in the context of longitudinal intervention studies and the application to research designs in neuroimaging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Aye
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Nico Lehmann
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörn Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 3AZ United Kingdom
| | - Marco Taubert
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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19
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Rivière D, Leprince Y, Labra N, Vindas N, Foubet O, Cagna B, Loh KK, Hopkins W, Balzeau A, Mancip M, Lebenberg J, Cointepas Y, Coulon O, Mangin JF. Browsing Multiple Subjects When the Atlas Adaptation Cannot Be Achieved via a Warping Strategy. Front Neuroinform 2022; 16:803934. [PMID: 35311005 PMCID: PMC8928460 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2022.803934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain mapping studies often need to identify brain structures or functional circuits into a set of individual brains. To this end, multiple atlases have been published to represent such structures based on different modalities, subject sets, and techniques. The mainstream approach to exploit these atlases consists in spatially deforming each individual data onto a given atlas using dense deformation fields, which supposes the existence of a continuous mapping between atlases and individuals. However, this continuity is not always verified, and this "iconic" approach has limits. We present in this study an alternative, complementary, "structural" approach, which consists in extracting structures from the individual data, and comparing them without deformation. A "structural atlas" is thus a collection of annotated individual data with a common structure nomenclature. It may be used to characterize structure shape variability across individuals or species, or to train machine learning systems. This study exhibits Anatomist, a powerful structural 3D visualization software dedicated to building, exploring, and editing structural atlases involving a large number of subjects. It has been developed primarily to decipher the cortical folding variability; cortical sulci vary enormously in both size and shape, and some may be missing or have various topologies, which makes iconic approaches inefficient to study them. We, therefore, had to build structural atlases for cortical sulci, and use them to train sulci identification algorithms. Anatomist can display multiple subject data in multiple views, supports all kinds of neuroimaging data, including compound structural object graphs, handles arbitrary coordinate transformation chains between data, and has multiple display features. It is designed as a programming library in both C++ and Python languages, and may be extended or used to build dedicated custom applications. Its generic design makes all the display and structural aspects used to explore the variability of the cortical folding pattern work in other applications, for instance, to browse axonal fiber bundles, deep nuclei, functional activations, or other kinds of cortical parcellations. Multimodal, multi-individual, or inter-species display is supported, and adaptations to large scale screen walls have been developed. These very original features make it a unique viewer for structural atlas browsing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Rivière
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yann Leprince
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicole Labra
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- PaleoFED Team, UMR 7194, CNRS, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France
| | - Nabil Vindas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ophélie Foubet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bastien Cagna
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Kep Kee Loh
- INT - Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS UMR 7289, Marseille, France
| | - William Hopkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States
| | - Antoine Balzeau
- PaleoFED Team, UMR 7194, CNRS, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France
- Department of African Zoology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Martial Mancip
- Maison de la Simulation, CNRS, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jessica Lebenberg
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1141, NeuroDiderot, Paris, France
| | - Yann Cointepas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Coulon
- INT - Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS UMR 7289, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9027, Baobab, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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20
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Mortamais M, Laure-Anne G, Balem M, Bars EL, de Champfleur NM, Bouyahia A, Chupin M, Perus L, Fisher C, Vellas B, Andrieu S, Mangin JF, Berr C, Gabelle A. Sulcal morphology as cognitive decline predictor in older adults with memory complaints. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 113:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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van der Meer D, Kaufmann T, Shadrin AA, Makowski C, Frei O, Roelfs D, Monereo-Sánchez J, Linden DEJ, Rokicki J, Alnæs D, de Leeuw C, Thompson WK, Loughnan R, Fan CC, Westlye LT, Andreassen OA, Dale AM. The genetic architecture of human cortical folding. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj9446. [PMID: 34910505 PMCID: PMC8673767 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The folding of the human cerebral cortex is a highly genetically regulated process that allows for a much larger surface area to fit into the cranial vault and optimizes functional organization. Sulcal depth is a robust yet understudied measure of localized folding, previously associated with multiple neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we report the first genome-wide association study of sulcal depth. Through the multivariate omnibus statistical test (MOSTest) applied to vertex-wise measures from 33,748 U.K. Biobank participants (mean age, 64.3 years; 52.0% female), we identified 856 genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10−8). Comparisons with cortical thickness and surface area indicated that sulcal depth has higher locus yield, heritability, and effective sample size. There was a large amount of genetic overlap between these traits, with gene-based analyses indicating strong associations with neurodevelopmental processes. Our findings demonstrate sulcal depth is a promising neuroimaging phenotype that may enhance our understanding of cortical morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexey A. Shadrin
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carolina Makowski
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Roelfs
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer Monereo-Sánchez
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - David E. J. Linden
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiaan de Leeuw
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Robert Loughnan
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M. Dale
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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22
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Where the genome meets the connectome: Understanding how genes shape human brain connectivity. Neuroimage 2021; 244:118570. [PMID: 34508898 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The integration of modern neuroimaging methods with genetically informative designs and data can shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the structural and functional organization of the human connectome. Here, we review studies that have investigated the genetic basis of human brain network structure and function through three complementary frameworks: (1) the quantification of phenotypic heritability through classical twin designs; (2) the identification of specific DNA variants linked to phenotypic variation through association and related studies; and (3) the analysis of correlations between spatial variations in imaging phenotypes and gene expression profiles through the integration of neuroimaging and transcriptional atlas data. We consider the basic foundations, strengths, limitations, and discoveries associated with each approach. We present converging evidence to indicate that anatomical connectivity is under stronger genetic influence than functional connectivity and that genetic influences are not uniformly distributed throughout the brain, with phenotypic variation in certain regions and connections being under stronger genetic control than others. We also consider how the combination of imaging and genetics can be used to understand the ways in which genes may drive brain dysfunction in different clinical disorders.
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23
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Cachia A, Borst G, Jardri R, Raznahan A, Murray GK, Mangin JF, Plaze M. Towards Deciphering the Fetal Foundation of Normal Cognition and Cognitive Symptoms From Sulcation of the Cortex. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:712862. [PMID: 34650408 PMCID: PMC8505772 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.712862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports that prenatal processes play an important role for cognitive ability in normal and clinical conditions. In this context, several neuroimaging studies searched for features in postnatal life that could serve as a proxy for earlier developmental events. A very interesting candidate is the sulcal, or sulco-gyral, patterns, macroscopic features of the cortex anatomy related to the fold topology-e.g., continuous vs. interrupted/broken fold, present vs. absent fold-or their spatial organization. Indeed, as opposed to quantitative features of the cortical sheet (e.g., thickness, surface area or curvature) taking decades to reach the levels measured in adult, the qualitative sulcal patterns are mainly determined before birth and stable across the lifespan. The sulcal patterns therefore offer a window on the fetal constraints on specific brain areas on cognitive abilities and clinical symptoms that manifest later in life. After a global review of the cerebral cortex sulcation, its mechanisms, its ontogenesis along with methodological issues on how to measure the sulcal patterns, we present a selection of studies illustrating that analysis of the sulcal patterns can provide information on prenatal dispositions to cognition (with a focus on cognitive control and academic abilities) and cognitive symptoms (with a focus on schizophrenia and bipolar disorders). Finally, perspectives of sulcal studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Cachia
- Université de Paris, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, IPNP, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Grégoire Borst
- Université de Paris, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Jardri
- Univ Lille, INSERM U-1172, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Centre, Plasticity & SubjectivitY (PSY) team, Lille, France
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Graham K Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marion Plaze
- Université de Paris, IPNP, INSERM, Paris, France.,GHU PARIS Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, site Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire Paris, Paris, France
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24
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Arnatkeviciute A, Fulcher BD, Bellgrove MA, Fornito A. Imaging Transcriptomics of Brain Disorders. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 2:319-331. [PMID: 36324650 PMCID: PMC9616271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive neuroimaging is a powerful tool for quantifying diverse aspects of brain structure and function in vivo, and it has been used extensively to map the neural changes associated with various brain disorders. However, most neuroimaging techniques offer only indirect measures of underlying pathological mechanisms. The recent development of anatomically comprehensive gene expression atlases has opened new opportunities for studying the transcriptional correlates of noninvasively measured neural phenotypes, offering a rich framework for evaluating pathophysiological hypotheses and putative mechanisms. Here, we provide an overview of some fundamental methods in imaging transcriptomics and outline their application to understanding brain disorders of neurodevelopment, adulthood, and neurodegeneration. Converging evidence indicates that spatial variations in gene expression are linked to normative changes in brain structure during age-related maturation and neurodegeneration that are in part associated with cell-specific gene expression markers of gene expression. Transcriptional correlates of disorder-related neuroimaging phenotypes are also linked to transcriptionally dysregulated genes identified in ex vivo analyses of patient brains. Modeling studies demonstrate that spatial patterns of gene expression are involved in regional vulnerability to neurodegeneration and the spread of disease across the brain. This growing body of work supports the utility of transcriptional atlases in testing hypotheses about the molecular mechanism driving disease-related changes in macroscopic neuroimaging phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurina Arnatkeviciute
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Address correspondence to Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Ph.D
| | - Ben D. Fulcher
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark A. Bellgrove
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Sulcation of the intraparietal sulcus is related to symbolic but not non-symbolic number skills. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 51:100998. [PMID: 34388639 PMCID: PMC8363820 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The horizontal segment of intraparietal sulcus (HIPS) is one of the key functional regions for processing numbers. Sulcal morphology is a qualitative feature of the brain determined in-utero and not affected by brain maturation and learning. The HIPS sulcal pattern explains part of the variance in participant’s symbolic number comparison and math fluency abilities. Participant’s non-symbolic number comparison abilities was not explained by HIPS sulcal pattern. This association between HIPS sulcal pattern and symbolic number abilities was stable from childhood to young adulthood.
Understanding the constraints, including biological ones, that may influence mathematical development is of great importance because math ability is a key predictor of career success, income and even psychological well-being. While research in developmental cognitive neuroscience of mathematics has extensively studied the key functional regions for processing numbers, particularly the horizontal segment of intraparietal sulcus (HIPS), few studies have investigated the effects of early cerebral constraints on later mathematical abilities. In this pre-registered study, we investigated whether variability of the sulcal pattern of the HIPS, a qualitative feature of the brain determined in-utero and not affected by brain maturation and learning, accounts for individual difference in symbolic and non-symbolic number abilities. Seventy-seven typically developing school-aged children and 21 young adults participated in our study. We found that the HIPS sulcal pattern, (a) explains part of the variance in participant’s symbolic number comparison and math fluency abilities, and (b) that this association between HIPS sulcal pattern and symbolic number abilities was found to be stable from childhood to young adulthood. However, (c) we did not find an association between participant’s non-symbolic number abilities and HIPS sulcal morphology. Our findings suggest that early cerebral constraints may influence individual difference in math abilities, in addition to the well-established neuroplastic factors.
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26
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Díaz-Caneja CM, Alloza C, Gordaliza PM, Fernández-Pena A, de Hoyos L, Santonja J, Buimer EEL, van Haren NEM, Cahn W, Arango C, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Schnack HG, Janssen J. Sex Differences in Lifespan Trajectories and Variability of Human Sulcal and Gyral Morphology. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:5107-5120. [PMID: 34179960 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in the development and aging of human sulcal morphology have been understudied. We charted sex differences in trajectories and inter-individual variability of global sulcal depth, width, and length, pial surface area, exposed (hull) gyral surface area, unexposed sulcal surface area, cortical thickness, gyral span, and cortex volume across the lifespan in a longitudinal sample (700 scans, 194 participants 2 scans, 104 three scans, age range: 16-70 years) of neurotypical males and females. After adjusting for brain volume, females had thicker cortex and steeper thickness decline until age 40 years; trajectories converged thereafter. Across sexes, sulcal shortening was faster before age 40, while sulcal shallowing and widening were faster thereafter. Although hull area remained stable, sulcal surface area declined and was more strongly associated with sulcal shortening than with sulcal shallowing and widening. Males showed greater variability for cortex volume and lower variability for sulcal width. Our findings highlight the association between loss of sulcal area, notably through sulcal shortening, with cortex volume loss. Studying sex differences in lifespan trajectories may improve knowledge of individual differences in brain development and the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle Ibiza, 43, 28009, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Alloza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle Ibiza, 43, 28009, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro M Gordaliza
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Avenida de la Universidad, 30, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Pena
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Avenida de la Universidad, 30, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía de Hoyos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle Ibiza, 43, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Santonja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle Ibiza, 43, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elizabeth E L Buimer
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle Ibiza, 43, 28009, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle Ibiza, 43, 28009, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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27
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Ball G, Kelly CE, Beare R, Seal ML. Individual variation underlying brain age estimates in typical development. Neuroimage 2021; 235:118036. [PMID: 33838267 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Typical brain development follows a protracted trajectory throughout childhood and adolescence. Deviations from typical growth trajectories have been implicated in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Recently, the use of machine learning algorithms to model age as a function of structural or functional brain properties has been used to examine advanced or delayed brain maturation in healthy and clinical populations. Termed 'brain age', this approach often relies on complex, nonlinear models that can be difficult to interpret. In this study, we use model explanation methods to examine the cortical features that contribute to brain age modelling on an individual basis. In a large cohort of n = 768 typically-developing children (aged 3-21 years), we build models of brain development using three different machine learning approaches. We employ SHAP, a model-agnostic technique to identify sample-specific feature importance, to identify regional cortical metrics that explain errors in brain age prediction. We find that, on average, brain age prediction and the cortical features that explain model predictions are consistent across model types and reflect previously reported patterns of regions brain development. However, while several regions are found to contribute to brain age prediction error, we find little spatial correspondence between individual estimates of feature importance, even when matched for age, sex and brain age prediction error. We also find no association between brain age error and cognitive performance in this typically-developing sample. Overall, this study shows that, while brain age estimates based on cortical development are relatively robust and consistent across model types and preprocessing strategies, significant between-subject variation exists in the features that explain erroneous brain age predictions on an individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Ball
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Claire E Kelly
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Australia
| | - Richard Beare
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Marc L Seal
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052 VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
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28
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Ficiarà E, Crespi V, Gadewar SP, Thomopoulos SI, Boyd J, Thompson PM, Jahanshad N, Pizzagalli F. Predicting Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease using MRI-based Cortical Features and a Two-State Markov Model. PROCEEDINGS. IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2021; 2021:1145-1149. [PMID: 35321154 PMCID: PMC8935949 DOI: 10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9434143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a potential for early diagnosis of individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cognitive performance in healthy elderly people and in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been associated with measures of cortical gyrification [1] and thickness (CT) [2], yet the extent to which sulcal measures can help to predict AD conversion above and beyond CT measures is not known. Here, we analyzed 721 participants with MCI from phases 1 and 2 of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, applying a two-state Markov model to study the conversion from MCI to AD condition. Our preliminary results suggest that MRI-based cortical features, including sulcal morphometry, may help to predict conversion from MCI to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentino Crespi
- Information Sciences Institute (ISI), AI Division, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Shruti Prashant Gadewar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Boyd
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
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29
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Ahtam B, Turesky TK, Zöllei L, Standish J, Grant PE, Gaab N, Im K. Intergenerational Transmission of Cortical Sulcal Patterns from Mothers to their Children. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:1888-1897. [PMID: 33230560 PMCID: PMC7945013 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intergenerational effects are described as the genetic, epigenetic, as well as pre- and postnatal environmental influence parents have on their offspring's behavior, cognition, and brain. During fetal brain development, the primary cortical sulci emerge with a distinctive folding pattern that are under strong genetic influence and show little change of this pattern throughout postnatal brain development. We examined intergenerational transmission of cortical sulcal patterns by comparing primary sulcal patterns between children (N = 16, age 5.5 ± 0.81 years, 8 males) and their biological mothers (N = 15, age 39.72 ± 4.68 years) as well as between children and unrelated adult females. Our graph-based sulcal pattern comparison method detected stronger sulcal pattern similarity for child-mother pairs than child-unrelated pairs, where higher similarity between child-mother pairs was observed mostly for the right lobar regions. Our results also show that child-mother versus child-unrelated pairs differ for daughters and sons with a trend toward significance, particularly for the left hemisphere lobar regions. This is the first study to reveal significant intergenerational transmission of cortical sulcal patterns, and our results have important implications for the study of the heritability of complex behaviors, brain-based disorders, the identification of biomarkers, and targets for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Ahtam
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ted K Turesky
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Laboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lilla Zöllei
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Julianna Standish
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - P Ellen Grant
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nadine Gaab
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Laboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kiho Im
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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30
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Tang H, Liu T, Liu H, Jiang J, Cheng J, Niu H, Li S, Brodaty H, Sachdev P, Wen W. A slower rate of sulcal widening in the brains of the nondemented oldest old. Neuroimage 2021; 229:117740. [PMID: 33460796 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationships between aging and brain morphology have been reported in many previous structural brain studies. However, the trajectories of successful brain aging in the extremely old remain underexplored. In the limited research on the oldest old, covering individuals aged 85 years and older, there are very few studies that have focused on the cortical morphology, especially cortical sulcal features. In this paper, we measured sulcal width and depth as well as cortical thickness from T1-weighted scans of 290 nondemented community-dwelling participants aged between 76 and 103 years. We divided the participants into young old (between 76 and 84; mean = 80.35±2.44; male/female = 76/88) and oldest old (between 85 and 103; mean = 91.74±5.11; male/female = 60/66) groups. The results showed that most of the examined sulci significantly widened with increased age and that the rates of sulcal widening were lower in the oldest old. The spatial pattern of the cortical thinning partly corresponded with that of sulcal widening. Compared to females, males had significantly wider sulci, especially in the oldest old. This study builds a foundation for future investigations of neurocognitive disorders and neurodegenerative diseases in the oldest old, including centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiyang Jiang
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jian Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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31
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Apolipoprotein E allele 4 effects on Single-Subject Gray Matter Networks in Mild Cognitive Impairment. NEUROIMAGE: CLINICAL 2021; 32:102799. [PMID: 34469849 PMCID: PMC8405842 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that gray matter networks are disrupted in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and associated with cognitive impairment and faster disease progression. However, it remains unknown how these alterations are related to the presence of Apolipoprotein E isoform E4 (ApoE4), the most prominent genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate this topic at the individual level, we explore the impact of ApoE4 and the disease progression on the Single-Subject Gray Matter Networks (SSGMNets) using the graph theory approach. Our data sample comprised 200 MCI patients selected from the ADNI database, classified as non-Converters and Converters (will progress into AD). Each group included 50 ApoE4-positive ('Carriers', ApoE4 + ) and 50 ApoE4-negative ('non-Carriers', ApoE4-). The SSGMNets were estimated from structural MRIs at two-time points: baseline and conversion. We investigated whether altered network topological measures at baseline and their rate of change (RoC) between baseline and conversion time points were associated with ApoE4 and disease progression. We also explored the correlation of SSGMNets attributes with general cognition score (MMSE), memory (ADNI-MEM), and CSF-derived biomarkers of AD (Aβ42, T-tau, and P-tau). Our results showed that ApoE4 and the disease progression modulated the global topological network properties independently but not in their RoC. MCI converters showed a lower clustering index in several regions associated with neurodegeneration in AD. The SSGMNets' topological organization was revealed to be able to predict cognitive and memory measures. The findings presented here suggest that SSGMNets could indeed be used to identify MCI ApoE4 Carriers with a high risk for AD progression.
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32
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Rollins CPE, Garrison JR, Arribas M, Seyedsalehi A, Li Z, Chan RCK, Yang J, Wang D, Liò P, Yan C, Yi ZH, Cachia A, Upthegrove R, Deakin B, Simons JS, Murray GK, Suckling J. Evidence in cortical folding patterns for prenatal predispositions to hallucinations in schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:387. [PMID: 33159044 PMCID: PMC7648757 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
All perception is a construction of the brain from sensory input. Our first perceptions begin during gestation, making fetal brain development fundamental to how we experience a diverse world. Hallucinations are percepts without origin in physical reality that occur in health and disease. Despite longstanding research on the brain structures supporting hallucinations and on perinatal contributions to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, what links these two distinct lines of research remains unclear. Sulcal patterns derived from structural magnetic resonance (MR) images can provide a proxy in adulthood for early brain development. We studied two independent datasets of patients with schizophrenia who underwent clinical assessment and 3T MR imaging from the United Kingdom and Shanghai, China (n = 181 combined) and 63 healthy controls from Shanghai. Participants were stratified into those with (n = 79 UK; n = 22 Shanghai) and without (n = 43 UK; n = 37 Shanghai) hallucinations from the PANSS P3 scores for hallucinatory behaviour. We quantified the length, depth, and asymmetry indices of the paracingulate and superior temporal sulci (PCS, STS), which have previously been associated with hallucinations in schizophrenia, and constructed cortical folding covariance matrices organized by large-scale functional networks. In both ethnic groups, we demonstrated a significantly shorter left PCS in patients with hallucinations compared to those without, and to healthy controls. Reduced PCS length and STS depth corresponded to focal deviations in their geometry and to significantly increased covariance within and between areas of the salience and auditory networks. The discovery of neurodevelopmental alterations contributing to hallucinations establishes testable models for these enigmatic, sometimes highly distressing, perceptions and provides mechanistic insight into the pathological consequences of prenatal origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen P. E. Rollins
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jane R. Garrison
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maite Arribas
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Aida Seyedsalehi
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.450563.10000 0004 0412 9303Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zhi Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Raymond C. K. Chan
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Duo Wang
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pietro Liò
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chao Yan
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE & STCSM), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-hui Yi
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Arnaud Cachia
- Université de Paris, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France ,Université de Paris, IPNP, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bill Deakin
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jon S. Simons
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham K. Murray
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.450563.10000 0004 0412 9303Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Suckling
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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33
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Janssen J, Díaz-Caneja CM, Alloza C, Schippers A, de Hoyos L, Santonja J, Gordaliza PM, Buimer EEL, van Haren NEM, Cahn W, Arango C, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Schnack HG. Dissimilarity in Sulcal Width Patterns in the Cortex can be Used to Identify Patients With Schizophrenia With Extreme Deficits in Cognitive Performance. Schizophr Bull 2020; 47:552-561. [PMID: 32964935 PMCID: PMC7965061 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a biologically complex disorder with multiple regional deficits in cortical brain morphology. In addition, interindividual heterogeneity of cortical morphological metrics is larger in patients with schizophrenia when compared to healthy controls. Exploiting interindividual differences in the severity of cortical morphological deficits in patients instead of focusing on group averages may aid in detecting biologically informed homogeneous subgroups. The person-based similarity index (PBSI) of brain morphology indexes an individual's morphometric similarity across numerous cortical regions amongst a sample of healthy subjects. We extended the PBSI such that it indexes the morphometric similarity of an independent individual (eg, a patient) with respect to healthy control subjects. By employing a normative modeling approach on longitudinal data, we determined an individual's degree of morphometric dissimilarity to the norm. We calculated the PBSI for sulcal width (PBSI-SW) in patients with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects (164 patients and 164 healthy controls; 656 magnetic resonance imaging scans) and associated it with cognitive performance and cortical sulcation index. A subgroup of patients with markedly deviant PBSI-SW showed extreme deficits in cognitive performance and cortical sulcation. Progressive reduction of PBSI-SW in the schizophrenia group relative to healthy controls was driven by these deviating individuals. By explicitly leveraging interindividual differences in the severity of PBSI-SW deficits, neuroimaging-driven subgrouping of patients is feasible. As such, our results pave the way for future applications of morphometric similarity indices for subtyping of clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/ Ibiza, 43. 28009 Madrid, Spain,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: 0034914265005, fax: 0034914265004, e-mail:
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/ Ibiza, 43. 28009 Madrid, Spain,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Alloza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/ Ibiza, 43. 28009 Madrid, Spain,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anouck Schippers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/ Ibiza, 43. 28009 Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lucía de Hoyos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/ Ibiza, 43. 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Santonja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/ Ibiza, 43. 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro M Gordaliza
- Department of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elizabeth E L Buimer
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/ Ibiza, 43. 28009 Madrid, Spain,Ciber del Área de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- Department of Psychiatry, UMCU Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Schmitt JE, Raznahan A, Liu S, Neale MC. The Heritability of Cortical Folding: Evidence from the Human Connectome Project. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:702-715. [PMID: 32959043 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying cortical folding are incompletely understood. Prior studies have suggested that individual differences in sulcal depth are genetically mediated, with deeper and ontologically older sulci more heritable than others. In this study, we examine FreeSurfer-derived estimates of average convexity and mean curvature as proxy measures of cortical folding patterns using a large (N = 1096) genetically informative young adult subsample of the Human Connectome Project. Both measures were significantly heritable near major sulci and primary fissures, where approximately half of individual differences could be attributed to genetic factors. Genetic influences near higher order gyri and sulci were substantially lower and largely nonsignificant. Spatial permutation analysis found that heritability patterns were significantly anticorrelated to maps of evolutionary and neurodevelopmental expansion. We also found strong phenotypic correlations between average convexity, curvature, and several common surface metrics (cortical thickness, surface area, and cortical myelination). However, quantitative genetic models suggest that correlations between these metrics are largely driven by nongenetic factors. These findings not only further our understanding of the neurobiology of gyrification, but have pragmatic implications for the interpretation of heritability maps based on automated surface-based measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eric Schmitt
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, Division of Neuroradiology, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael C Neale
- Departments of Psychiatry and Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-980126, USA
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