1
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Wang XB, Cui NH, Fang ZQ, Gao MJ, Cai D. Platelet bioenergetic profiling uncovers a metabolic pattern of high dependency on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in type 2 diabetic patients who developed in-stent restenosis. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103146. [PMID: 38579589 PMCID: PMC11000186 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Although platelet bioenergetic dysfunction is evident early in the pathogenesis of diabetic macrovascular complications, the bioenergetic characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients who developed coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) and their effects on platelet function remain unclear. Here, we performed platelet bioenergetic profiling to characterize the bioenergetic alterations in 28 type 2 diabetic patients with ISR compared with 28 type 2 diabetic patients without ISR (non-ISR) and 28 healthy individuals. Generally, platelets from type 2 diabetic patients with ISR exhibited a specific bioenergetic alteration characterized by high dependency on fatty acid (FA) oxidation, which subsequently induced complex III deficiency, causing decreased mitochondrial respiration, increased mitochondrial oxidant production, and low efficiency of mitochondrial ATP generation. This pattern of bioenergetic dysfunction showed close relationships with both α-granule and dense granule secretion as measured by surface P-selectin expression, ATP release, and profiles of granule cargo proteins in platelet releasates. Importantly, ex vivo reproduction of high dependency on FA oxidation by exposing non-ISR platelets to its agonist mimicked the bioenergetic dysfunction observed in ISR platelets and enhanced platelet secretion, whereas pharmaceutical inhibition of FA oxidation normalized the respiratory and redox states of ISR platelets and diminished platelet secretion. Further, causal mediation analyses identified a strong association between high dependency on FA oxidation and increased angiographical severity of ISR, which was significantly mediated by the status of platelet secretion. Our findings, for the first time, uncover a pattern of bioenergetic dysfunction in ISR and enhance current understanding of the mechanistic link of high dependency on FA oxidation to platelet abnormalities in the context of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Ning-Hua Cui
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children's Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zi-Qi Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Mi-Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Dan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
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2
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Jimenez-Blasco D, Agulla J, Lapresa R, Garcia-Macia M, Bobo-Jimenez V, Garcia-Rodriguez D, Manjarres-Raza I, Fernandez E, Jeanson Y, Khoury S, Portais JC, Padro D, Ramos-Cabrer P, Carmeliet P, Almeida A, Bolaños JP. Weak neuronal glycolysis sustains cognition and organismal fitness. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01049-0. [PMID: 38789798 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The energy cost of neuronal activity is mainly sustained by glucose1,2. However, in an apparent paradox, neurons modestly metabolize glucose through glycolysis3-6, a circumstance that can be accounted for by the constant degradation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase-fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-3 (PFKFB3)3,7,8, a key glycolysis-promoting enzyme. To evaluate the in vivo physiological importance of this hypoglycolytic metabolism, here we genetically engineered mice with their neurons transformed into active glycolytic cells through Pfkfb3 expression. In vivo molecular, biochemical and metabolic flux analyses of these neurons revealed an accumulation of anomalous mitochondria, complex I disassembly, bioenergetic deficiency and mitochondrial redox stress. Notably, glycolysis-mediated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) reduction impaired sirtuin-dependent autophagy. Furthermore, these mice displayed cognitive decline and a metabolic syndrome that was mimicked by confining Pfkfb3 expression to hypothalamic neurons. Neuron-specific genetic ablation of mitochondrial redox stress or brain NAD+ restoration corrected these behavioural alterations. Thus, the weak glycolytic nature of neurons is required to sustain higher-order organismal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jimenez-Blasco
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Agulla
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rebeca Lapresa
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marina Garcia-Macia
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronica Bobo-Jimenez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dario Garcia-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Manjarres-Raza
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Fernandez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yannick Jeanson
- RESTORE, University of Toulouse, Inserm U1031, CNRS 5070, UPS, EFS, Toulouse, France
| | - Spiro Khoury
- RESTORE, University of Toulouse, Inserm U1031, CNRS 5070, UPS, EFS, Toulouse, France
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Charles Portais
- RESTORE, University of Toulouse, Inserm U1031, CNRS 5070, UPS, EFS, Toulouse, France
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, INSA de Toulouse INSA/CNRS 5504, UMR INSA/INRA 792, Toulouse, France
| | - Daniel Padro
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Angeles Almeida
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Yang CW, Liu HM, Chang ZY, Liu GH, Chang HH, Huang PY, Lee TY. Puerarin Modulates Hepatic Farnesoid X Receptor and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5274. [PMID: 38791314 PMCID: PMC11121391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with alterations in lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study investigated the effects of puerarin, a bioactive isoflavone, on lipid metabolism disorders and gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Supplementation with puerarin reduced plasma alanine aminotransferase, liver triglyceride, liver free fatty acid (FFA), and improved gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice. Puerarin's beneficial metabolic effects were attenuated when farnesoid X receptor (FXR) was antagonized, suggesting FXR-mediated mechanisms. In hepatocytes, puerarin ameliorated high FFA-induced sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) 1 signaling, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in an FXR-dependent manner. In obese mice, puerarin reduced liver damage, regulated hepatic lipogenesis, decreased inflammation, improved mitochondrial function, and modulated mitophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways, but was less effective in FXR knockout mice. Puerarin upregulated hepatic expression of FXR, bile salt export pump (BSEP), and downregulated cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) and sodium taurocholate transporter (NTCP), indicating modulation of bile acid synthesis and transport. Puerarin also restored gut microbial diversity, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of Clostridium celatum and Akkermansia muciniphila. This study demonstrates that puerarin effectively ameliorates metabolic disturbances and gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice, predominantly through FXR-dependent pathways. These findings underscore puerarin's potential as a therapeutic agent for managing obesity and enhancing gut health, highlighting its dual role in improving metabolic functions and modulating microbial communities.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Isoflavones/pharmacology
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Mice
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/drug therapy
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/drug effects
- Male
- Dysbiosis
- Mice, Obese
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/genetics
- Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/metabolism
- Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/genetics
- Mice, Knockout
- Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent/metabolism
- Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent/genetics
- Symporters/metabolism
- Symporters/genetics
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/drug effects
- Akkermansia
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wei Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Division of Internal and Pediatric Chinese Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333423, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Miao Liu
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Zi-Yu Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan;
| | - Geng-Hao Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
- Division of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Yu Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Linsen Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10844, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
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4
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Olmo ED, Barboza B, Delgado-Esteban M, Escala N, Jiménez-Blasco D, Lopez-Pérez JL, Cillero de la Fuente L, Quezada E, Munín J, Viña D, Bolaños JP, Feliciano AS. Potent, selective and reversible hMAO-B inhibition by benzalphthalides: Synthesis, enzymatic and cellular evaluations and virtual docking and predictive studies. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107255. [PMID: 38457955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Monoaminooxidases (MAOs) are important targets for drugs used in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders and particularly on Parkinson's Disease (PD). Compounds containing a trans-stilbenoid skeleton have demonstrated good selective and reversible MAO-B inhibition. Here, twenty-two (Z)-3-benzylidenephthalides (benzalphthalides, BPHs) displaying a trans-stilbenoid skeleton have been synthesised and evaluated as inhibitors of the MAO-A and MAO-B isoforms. Some BPHs have selectively inhibited MAO-B, with IC50 values ranging from sub-nM to μM. The most potent compound with IC50 = 0.6 nM was the 3',4'-dichloro-BPH 16, which showed highly selective and reversible MAO-B inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the most selective BPHs displayed a significant protection against the apoptosis, and mitochondrial toxic effects induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) on SH-SY5Y cells, used as a cellular model of PD. The results of virtual binding studies on the most potent compounds docked in MAO-B and MAO-A were in agreement with the potencies and selectivity indexes found experimentally. Additionally, related to toxicity risks, drug-likeness and ADME properties, the predictions found for the most relevant BPHs in this research were within those ranges established for drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Del Olmo
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL. Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n. 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Bianca Barboza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL. Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n. 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Delgado-Esteban
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Escala
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL. Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n. 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Daniel Jiménez-Blasco
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Lopez-Pérez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL. Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n. 37007 Salamanca, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, R. de Panamá
| | - Laura Cillero de la Fuente
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elías Quezada
- Chronic Diseases Pharmacology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela. Spain
| | - Javier Munín
- Chronic Diseases Pharmacology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela. Spain
| | - Dolores Viña
- Chronic Diseases Pharmacology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela. Spain.
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL. Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n. 37007 Salamanca, Spain; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacéuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI. Itajaí, SC, Brazil
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5
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Harders AR, Spellerberg P, Dringen R. Exogenous Substrates Prevent the Decline in the Cellular ATP Content of Primary Rat Astrocytes During Glucose Deprivation. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1188-1199. [PMID: 38341839 PMCID: PMC10991069 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Brain astrocytes are well known for their broad metabolic potential. After glucose deprivation, cultured primary astrocytes maintain a high cellular ATP content for many hours by mobilizing endogenous substrates, but within 24 h the specific cellular ATP content was lowered to around 30% of the initial ATP content. This experimental setting was used to test for the potential of various exogenous substrates to prevent a loss in cellular ATP in glucose deprived astrocytes. The presence of various extracellular monocarboxylates, purine nucleosides or fatty acids prevented the loss of ATP from glucose-deprived astrocytes. Of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids, only alanine, aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, lysine or proline maintained high ATP levels in starved astrocytes. Among these amino acids, proline was found to be the most potent one to prevent the ATP loss. The astrocytic consumption of proline as well as the ability of proline to maintain a high cellular ATP content was prevented in a concentration-dependent manner by the proline dehydrogenase inhibitor tetrahydro-2-furoic acid. Analysis of the concentration-dependencies obtained by considering the different carbon content of the applied substrates revealed that fatty acids and proline are more potent than glucose and monocarboxylates as exogenous substrates to prevent ATP depletion in glucose-deprived astrocytes. These data demonstrate that cultured astrocytes can utilise a wide range of extracellular substrates as fuels to support mitochondrial ATP regeneration and identify proline as potent exogenous substrate for the energy metabolism of starved astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Regina Harders
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany
- Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technologies, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Paul Spellerberg
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dringen
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany.
- Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technologies, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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6
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Maniscalchi A, Benzi Juncos ON, Conde MA, Funk MI, Fermento ME, Facchinetti MM, Curino AC, Uranga RM, Alza NP, Salvador GA. New insights on neurodegeneration triggered by iron accumulation: Intersections with neutral lipid metabolism, ferroptosis, and motor impairment. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103074. [PMID: 38367511 PMCID: PMC10879836 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain iron accumulation constitutes a pathognomonic indicator in several neurodegenerative disorders. Metal accumulation associated with dopaminergic neuronal death has been documented in Parkinson's disease. Through the use of in vivo and in vitro models, we demonstrated that lipid dysregulation manifests as a neuronal and glial response during iron overload. In this study, we show that cholesterol content and triacylglycerol (TAG) hydrolysis were strongly elevated in mice midbrain. Lipid cacostasis was concomitant with the loss of dopaminergic neurons, astrogliosis and elevated expression of α-synuclein. Exacerbated lipid peroxidation and markers of ferroptosis were evident in the midbrain from mice challenged with iron overload. An imbalance in the activity of lipolytic and acylation enzymes was identified, favoring neutral lipid hydrolysis, and consequently reducing TAG and cholesteryl ester levels. Notably, these observed alterations were accompanied by motor impairment in iron-treated mice. In addition, neuronal and glial cultures along with their secretomes were used to gain further insight into the mechanism underlying TAG hydrolysis and cholesterol accumulation as cellular responses to iron accumulation. We demonstrated that TAG hydrolysis in neurons is triggered by astrocyte secretomes. Moreover, we found that the ferroptosis inhibitor, ferrostatin-1, effectively prevents cholesterol accumulation both in neurons and astrocytes. Taken together, these results indicate that lipid disturbances occur in iron-overloaded mice as a consequence of iron-induced oxidative stress and depend on neuron-glia crosstalk. Our findings suggest that developing therapies aimed at restoring lipid homeostasis may lead to specific treatment for neurodegeneration associated with ferroptosis and brain iron accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Maniscalchi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Oriana N Benzi Juncos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Melisa A Conde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Melania I Funk
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María E Fermento
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María M Facchinetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Alejandro C Curino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Romina M Uranga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Natalia P Alza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Química - UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Salvador
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Camino La Carrindanga Km7 B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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7
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Basu R, Preat T, Plaçais PY. Glial metabolism versatility regulates mushroom body-driven behavioral output in Drosophila. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053823. [PMID: 38862167 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053823.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Providing metabolic support to neurons is now recognized as a major function of glial cells that is conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates. However, research in this field has focused for more than two decades on the relevance of lactate and glial glycolysis for neuronal energy metabolism, while overlooking many other facets of glial metabolism and their impact on neuronal physiology, circuit activity, and behavior. Here, we review recent work that has unveiled new features of glial metabolism, especially in Drosophila, in the modulation of behavioral traits involving the mushroom bodies (MBs). These recent findings reveal that spatially and biochemically distinct modes of glucose-derived neuronal fueling are implemented within the MB in a memory type-specific manner. In addition, cortex glia are endowed with several antioxidant functions, whereas astrocytes can serve as pro-oxidant agents that are beneficial to redox signaling underlying long-term memory. Finally, glial fatty acid oxidation seems to play a dual fail-safe role: first, as a mode of energy production upon glucose shortage, and, second, as a factor underlying the clearance of excessive oxidative load during sleep. Altogether, these integrated studies performed in Drosophila indicate that glial metabolism has a deterministic role on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Basu
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity (UMR 8249), CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Preat
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity (UMR 8249), CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Plaçais
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity (UMR 8249), CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
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8
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Feng Z, Fang C, Ma Y, Chang J. Obesity-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction: phenotypes and mechanisms. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:110. [PMID: 38678254 PMCID: PMC11056074 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a burgeoning global health issue, is increasingly recognized for its detrimental effects on the central nervous system, particularly concerning the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This manuscript delves into the intricate relationship between obesity and BBB dysfunction, elucidating the underlying phenotypes and molecular mechanisms. We commence with an overview of the BBB's critical role in maintaining cerebral homeostasis and the pathological alterations induced by obesity. By employing a comprehensive literature review, we examine the structural and functional modifications of the BBB in the context of obesity, including increased permeability, altered transport mechanisms, and inflammatory responses. The manuscript highlights how obesity-induced systemic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation contribute to BBB disruption, thereby predisposing individuals to various neurological disorders. We further explore the potential pathways, such as oxidative stress and endothelial cell dysfunction, that mediate these changes. Our discussion culminates in the summary of current findings and the identification of knowledge gaps, paving the way for future research directions. This review underscores the significance of understanding BBB dysfunction in obesity, not only for its implications in neurodegenerative diseases but also for developing targeted therapeutic strategies to mitigate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, System of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, System of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinzhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, System of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Ave 1068, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Junlei Chang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, System of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Ave 1068, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Liu X, Lu B, Huang H. Investigation of the shared biological mechanisms and common biomarker APTAF1 of sleep deprivation and mild cognitive impairment using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1387569. [PMID: 38694919 PMCID: PMC11061425 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1387569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The relationship between sleep loss and cognitive impairment has long been widely recognized, but there is still a lack of complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms and potential biomarkers. The purpose of this study is to further explore the shared biological mechanisms and common biomarkers between sleep loss and cognitive impairment. Methods: The mitochondria-related genes and gene expression data were downloaded from the MitoCarta3.0 and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We identified the differentially expressed mitochondrial-related genes by combing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sleep deprivation (SD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) datasets with mitochondria-related gene lists. Shared DEGs were then further analyzed for enrichment analysis. Next, the common biomarker was identified using two machine learning techniques and further validated using two independent GEO datasets. Then GSEA and GSVA were conducted to analyze the functional categories and pathways enriched for the common biomarker. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was used to investigate the correlation of immune cell infiltration with the common biomarker in SD and MCI. Results: A total of 32 mitochondrial-related differentially expressed genes were identified in SD and MCI. GO analysis indicated that these genes were significantly enriched for mitochondrial transport, and KEGG analysis showed they were mainly involved in pathways of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, ATPAF1, which was significantly down-regulated in both SD and MCI, was identified through machine learning algorithms as the common biomarker with favorable diagnostic performance. GSEA and GSVA revealed that ATPAF1 was mainly involved in metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, acetylcholine metabolic process, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression of ATPAF1 was correlated with changes in immune cells, especially those key immune cell types associated with SD and MCI. Discussion: This study firstly revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction may be the common pathogenesis of sleep loss and mild cognitive impairment and identified ATPAF1 as a possible biomarker and therapeutic target involved in SD and MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Liu
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Baili Lu
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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10
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Song N, Mei S, Wang X, Hu G, Lu M. Focusing on mitochondria in the brain: from biology to therapeutics. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:23. [PMID: 38632601 PMCID: PMC11022390 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have multiple functions such as supplying energy, regulating the redox status, and producing proteins encoded by an independent genome. They are closely related to the physiology and pathology of many organs and tissues, among which the brain is particularly prominent. The brain demands 20% of the resting metabolic rate and holds highly active mitochondrial activities. Considerable research shows that mitochondria are closely related to brain function, while mitochondrial defects induce or exacerbate pathology in the brain. In this review, we provide comprehensive research advances of mitochondrial biology involved in brain functions, as well as the mitochondria-dependent cellular events in brain physiology and pathology. Furthermore, various perspectives are explored to better identify the mitochondrial roles in neurological diseases and the neurophenotypes of mitochondrial diseases. Finally, mitochondrial therapies are discussed. Mitochondrial-targeting therapeutics are showing great potentials in the treatment of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanshan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuyuan Mei
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiangxu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China.
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11
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Zimmer TS, Orr AL, Orr AG. Astrocytes in selective vulnerability to neurodegenerative disease. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:289-302. [PMID: 38521710 PMCID: PMC11006581 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Selective vulnerability of specific brain regions and cell populations is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders. Mechanisms of selective vulnerability involve neuronal heterogeneity, functional specializations, and differential sensitivities to stressors and pathogenic factors. In this review we discuss the growing body of literature suggesting that, like neurons, astrocytes are heterogeneous and specialized, respond to and integrate diverse inputs, and induce selective effects on brain function. In disease, astrocytes undergo specific, context-dependent changes that promote different pathogenic trajectories and functional outcomes. We propose that astrocytes contribute to selective vulnerability through maladaptive transitions to context-divergent phenotypes that impair specific brain regions and functions. Further studies on the multifaceted roles of astrocytes in disease may provide new therapeutic approaches to enhance resilience against neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till S Zimmer
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam L Orr
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna G Orr
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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D'Andrea L, Audano M, Pedretti S, Pelucchi S, Stringhi R, Imperato G, De Cesare G, Cambria C, Laporte MH, Zamboni N, Antonucci F, Di Luca M, Mitro N, Marcello E. Glucose-derived glutamate drives neuronal terminal differentiation in vitro. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:991-1021. [PMID: 38243137 PMCID: PMC10933318 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal maturation is the phase during which neurons acquire their final characteristics in terms of morphology, electrical activity, and metabolism. However, little is known about the metabolic pathways governing neuronal maturation. Here, we investigate the contribution of the main metabolic pathways, namely glucose, glutamine, and fatty acid oxidation, during the maturation of primary rat hippocampal neurons. Blunting glucose oxidation through the genetic and chemical inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate transporter reveals that this protein is critical for the production of glutamate, which is required for neuronal arborization, proper dendritic elongation, and spine formation. Glutamate supplementation in the early phase of differentiation restores morphological defects and synaptic function in mitochondrial pyruvate transporter-inhibited cells. Furthermore, the selective activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors restores the impairment of neuronal differentiation due to the reduced generation of glucose-derived glutamate and rescues synaptic local translation. Fatty acid oxidation does not impact neuronal maturation. Whereas glutamine metabolism is important for mitochondria, it is not for endogenous glutamate production. Our results provide insights into the role of glucose-derived glutamate as a key player in neuronal terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D'Andrea
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pedretti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Ramona Stringhi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Imperato
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia De Cesare
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Cambria
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milan and via Vanvitelli 32, Milan, Italy
| | - Marine H Laporte
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Antonucci
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Via F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milan and via Vanvitelli 32, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, IN-CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Di Luca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elena Marcello
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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13
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Yang T, Liu S, Ma H, Lai H, Wang C, Ni K, Lu Y, Li W, Hu X, Zhou Z, Lou C, He D. Carnitine functions as an enhancer of NRF2 to inhibit osteoclastogenesis via regulating macrophage polarization in osteoporosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:174-189. [PMID: 38246515 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, which manifests as reduced bone mass and deteriorated bone quality, is common in the elderly population. It is characterized by persistent elevation of macrophage-associated inflammation and active osteoclast bone resorption. Currently, the roles of intracellular metabolism in regulating these processes remain unclear. In this study, we initially performed bioinformatics analysis and observed a significant increase in the proportion of M1 macrophages in bone marrow with aging. Further metabolomics analysis demonstrated a notable reduction in the expression of carnitine metabolites in aged macrophages, while carnitine was not detected in osteoclasts. During the differentiation process, osteoclasts took up carnitine synthesized by macrophages to regulate their own activity. Mechanistically, carnitine enhanced the function of Nrf2 by inhibiting the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction, reducing the proteasome-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2. In silico molecular ligand docking analysis of the interaction between carnitine and Keap1 showed that carnitine binds to Keap1 to stabilize Nrf2 and enhance its function. In this study, we found that the decrease in carnitine levels in aging macrophages causes overactivation of osteoclasts, ultimately leading to osteoporosis. A decrease in serum carnitine levels in patients with osteoporosis was found to have good diagnostic and predictive value. Moreover, supplementation with carnitine was shown to be effective in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Shijie Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Haiwei Ma
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Hehuan Lai
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Chengdi Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Kainan Ni
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Yahong Lu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Weiqing Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Xingyu Hu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China
| | - Chao Lou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China.
| | - Dengwei He
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, PR China.
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14
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Tao H, Li X, Wang Q, Yu L, Yang P, Chen W, Yang X, Zhou J, Geng D. Redox signaling and antioxidant defense in osteoclasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:403-414. [PMID: 38171408 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is essential for the repair and replacement of damaged or aging bones. Continuous remodeling is necessary to prevent the accumulation of bone damage and to maintain bone strength and calcium balance. As bones age, the coupling mechanism between bone formation and absorption becomes dysregulated, and bone loss becomes dominant. Bone development and repair rely on interaction and communication between osteoclasts and surrounding cells. Osteoclasts are specialized cells that are accountable for bone resorption and degradation, and any abnormalities in their activity can result in notable alterations in bone structure and worsen disease symptoms. Recent findings from transgenic mouse models and bone analysis have greatly enhanced our understanding of the origin, differentiation pathway, and activation stages of osteoclasts. In this review, we explore osteoclasts and discuss the cellular and molecular events that drive their generation, focusing on intracellular oxidative and antioxidant signaling. This knowledge can help develop targeted therapies for diseases associated with osteoclast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiufei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenlong Chen
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, 242, Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, 242, Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Cantando I, Centofanti C, D’Alessandro G, Limatola C, Bezzi P. Metabolic dynamics in astrocytes and microglia during post-natal development and their implications for autism spectrum disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1354259. [PMID: 38419654 PMCID: PMC10899402 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1354259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by elusive underlying mechanisms. Recent attention has focused on the involvement of astrocytes and microglia in ASD pathology. These glial cells play pivotal roles in maintaining neuronal homeostasis, including the regulation of metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests a potential association between ASD and inborn errors of metabolism. Therefore, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the functions of microglia and astrocytes in ASD is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic interventions. This review aims to provide a summary of the metabolism of astrocytes and microglia during post-natal development and the evidence of disrupted metabolic pathways in ASD, with particular emphasis on those potentially important for the regulation of neuronal post-natal maturation by astrocytes and microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Cantando
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences (DNF), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cristiana Centofanti
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences (DNF), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppina D’Alessandro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed Via Atinese 18, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed Via Atinese 18, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Paola Bezzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences (DNF), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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16
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El Safadi D, Lebeau G, Turpin J, Lefebvre d’Hellencourt C, Diotel N, Viranaicken W, Krejbich-Trotot P. The Antiviral Potential of AdipoRon, an Adiponectin Receptor Agonist, Reveals the Ability of Zika Virus to Deregulate Adiponectin Receptor Expression. Viruses 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 38257725 PMCID: PMC10820441 DOI: 10.3390/v16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a pathogenic member of the flavivirus family, with several unique characteristics. Unlike any other arbovirus, ZIKV can be transmitted sexually and maternally, and thus produce congenital syndromes (CZS) due to its neurotropism. This challenges the search for safe active molecules that can protect pregnant women and their fetuses. In this context, and in the absence of any existing treatment, it seemed worthwhile to test whether the known cytoprotective properties of adiponectin and its pharmacological analog, AdipoRon, could influence the outcome of ZIKV infection. We showed that both AdipoRon and adiponectin could significantly reduce the in vitro infection of A549 epithelial cells, a well-known cell model for flavivirus infection studies. This effect was particularly observed when a pre-treatment was carried out. Conversely, ZIKV revealed an ability to downregulate adiponectin receptor expression and thereby limit adiponectin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daed El Safadi
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Grégorie Lebeau
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jonathan Turpin
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Christian Lefebvre d’Hellencourt
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Wildriss Viranaicken
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
- UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Campus Santé Université de la Réunion, Université de La Réunion, INSERM, 77 Avenue du Docteur Jean-Marie Dambreville, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (C.L.d.); (N.D.)
| | - Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (D.E.S.); (G.L.); (J.T.)
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17
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Pérez-Montes C, Jiménez-Cubides JP, Velasco A, Arévalo R, Santos-Ledo A, García-Macia M. REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2026. [PMID: 38136146 PMCID: PMC10740785 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) present continuous growth and regenerate many parts of their body after an injury. Fish oligodendrocytes, microglia and astrocytes support the formation of new connections producing effective regeneration of the central nervous system after a lesion. To understand the role of oligodendrocytes and the signals that mediate regeneration, we use the well-established optic nerve (ON) crush model. We also used sox10 fluorescent transgenic lines to label fully differentiated oligodendrocytes. To quench the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we used the endogenous antioxidant melatonin. Using these tools, we measured ROS production by flow cytometry and explored the regeneration of the optic tectum (OT), the response of oligodendrocytes and their mitochondria by confocal microscopy and Western blot. ROS are produced by oligodendrocytes 3 h after injury and JNK activity is triggered. Concomitantly, there is a decrease in the number of fully differentiated oligodendrocytes in the OT and in their mitochondrial population. By 24 h, oligodendrocytes partially recover. Exposure to melatonin blocks the changes observed in these oligodendrocytes at 3 h and increases their number and their mitochondrial populations after 24 h. Melatonin also blocks JNK upregulation and induces aberrant neuronal differentiation in the OT. In conclusion, a proper balance of ROS is necessary during visual system regeneration and exposure to melatonin has a detrimental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pérez-Montes
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jhoana Paola Jiménez-Cubides
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
| | - Almudena Velasco
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosario Arévalo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Adrián Santos-Ledo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marina García-Macia
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Investigations Network on Frailty and Ageing (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Barnett D, Bohmbach K, Grelot V, Charlet A, Dallérac G, Ju YH, Nagai J, Orr AG. Astrocytes as Drivers and Disruptors of Behavior: New Advances in Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7463-7471. [PMID: 37940585 PMCID: PMC10634555 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1376-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are emerging as key regulators of cognitive function and behavior. This review highlights some of the latest advances in the understanding of astrocyte roles in different behavioral domains across lifespan and in disease. We address specific molecular and circuit mechanisms by which astrocytes modulate behavior, discuss their functional diversity and versatility, and highlight emerging astrocyte-targeted treatment strategies that might alleviate behavioral and cognitive dysfunction in pathologic conditions. Converging evidence across different model systems and manipulations is revealing that astrocytes regulate behavioral processes in a precise and context-dependent manner. Improved understanding of these astrocytic functions may generate new therapeutic strategies for various conditions with cognitive and behavioral impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barnett
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
| | - Kirsten Bohmbach
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Valentin Grelot
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Alexandre Charlet
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Glenn Dallérac
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neurosciences, Paris, 91400, France
| | - Yeon Ha Ju
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Jun Nagai
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Glia-Neuron Circuit Dynamics, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Anna G Orr
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
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19
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Jaraíz-Rodríguez M, Del Prado L, Balsa E. Metabolic remodeling in astrocytes: Paving the path to brain tumor development. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 188:106327. [PMID: 37839712 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is a highly metabolic organ, composed of multiple cell classes, that controls crucial functions of the body. Although neurons have traditionally been the main protagonist, astrocytes have gained significant attention over the last decade. In this regard, astrocytes are a type of glial cells that have recently emerged as critical regulators of central nervous system (CNS) function and play a significant role in maintaining brain energy metabolism. However, in certain scenarios, astrocyte behavior can go awry, which poses a significant threat to brain integrity and function. This is definitively the case for mutations that turn normal astrocytes and astrocytic precursors into gliomas, an aggressive type of brain tumor. In addition, healthy astrocytes can interact with tumor cells, becoming part of the tumor microenvironment and influencing disease progression. In this review, we discuss the recent evidence suggesting that disturbed metabolism in astrocytes can contribute to the development and progression of fatal human diseases such as cancer. Emphasis is placed on detailing the molecular bases and metabolic pathways of this disease and highlighting unique metabolic vulnerabilities that can potentially be exploited to develop successful therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Jaraíz-Rodríguez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Del Prado
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Balsa
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular - IUBM (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Firth W, Robb JL, Stewart D, Pye KR, Bamford R, Oguro-Ando A, Beall C, Ellacott KLJ. Regulation of astrocyte metabolism by mitochondrial translocator protein 18kDa. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.29.560159. [PMID: 37873215 PMCID: PMC10592862 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.29.560159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial translocator protein 18kDa (TSPO) has been linked to a variety of functions from steroidogenesis to regulation of cellular metabolism and is an attractive therapeutic target for chronic CNS inflammation. Studies in the periphery using Leydig cells and hepatocytes, as well as work in microglia, indicate that the function of TSPO may vary between cells depending on their specialised roles. Astrocytes are critical for providing trophic and metabolic support in the brain as part of their role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Recent work has highlighted that TSPO expression increases in astrocytes under inflamed conditions and may drive astrocyte reactivity. However, relatively little is known about the role TSPO plays in regulating astrocyte metabolism and whether this protein is involved in immunometabolic processes in these cells. Using TSPO-deficient (TSPO-/-) mouse primary astrocytes in vitro (MPAs) and a human astrocytoma cell line (U373 cells), we performed metabolic flux analyses. We found that loss of TSPO reduced basal astrocyte respiration and increased the bioenergetic response to glucose reintroduction following glucopenia, while increasing fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Lactate production was significantly reduced in TSPO-/- astrocytes. Co-immunoprecipitation studies in U373 cells revealed that TSPO forms a complex with carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a, which presents a mechanism wherein TSPO may regulate FAO in astrocytes. Compared to TSPO+/+ cells, inflammation induced by 3h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of TSPO-/- MPAs revealed attenuated tumour necrosis factor release, which was enhanced in TSPO-/- MPAs at 24h LPS stimulation. Together these data suggest that while TSPO acts as a regulator of metabolic flexibility in astrocytes, loss of TSPO does not appear to modulate the metabolic response of astrocytes to inflammation, at least in response to the stimulus/time course used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyn Firth
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Josephine L Robb
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Daisy Stewart
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Katherine R Pye
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rosemary Bamford
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Asami Oguro-Ando
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Craig Beall
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Kate LJ Ellacott
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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21
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Kolotyeva NA, Gilmiyarova FN, Averchuk AS, Baranich TI, Rozanova NA, Kukla MV, Tregub PP, Salmina AB. Novel Approaches to the Establishment of Local Microenvironment from Resorbable Biomaterials in the Brain In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14709. [PMID: 37834155 PMCID: PMC10572431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of brain in vitro models requires the application of novel biocompatible materials and biopolymers as scaffolds for controllable and effective cell growth and functioning. The "ideal" brain in vitro model should demonstrate the principal features of brain plasticity like synaptic transmission and remodeling, neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and changes in the metabolism associated with the establishment of new intercellular connections. Therefore, the extracellular scaffolds that are helpful in the establishment and maintenance of local microenvironments supporting brain plasticity mechanisms are of critical importance. In this review, we will focus on some carbohydrate metabolites-lactate, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, malate-that greatly contribute to the regulation of cell-to-cell communications and metabolic plasticity of brain cells and on some resorbable biopolymers that may reproduce the local microenvironment enriched in particular cell metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frida N. Gilmiyarova
- Department of Fundamental and Clinical Biochemistry with Laboratory Diagnostics, Samara State Medical University, 443099 Samara, Russia
| | - Anton S. Averchuk
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana I. Baranich
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Maria V. Kukla
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel P. Tregub
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla B. Salmina
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
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22
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Guzmán M. Fatty acids fuelling astroglia and beyond. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1253-1254. [PMID: 37460844 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Guzmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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