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de Souza FC, Miotelo L, Maloni G, Otero IVR, Nocelli RCF, Malaspina O. Thiamethoxam toxicity on the stingless bee Friesiomelitta varia: LC 50, survival time, and enzymatic biomarkers assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142853. [PMID: 39019173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Bees play a crucial role as pollinating insects in both natural and cultivated areas. However, the use of pesticides, such as thiamethoxam, has been identified as a contributing factor compromising bee health. The current risk assessment primarily relies on the model species Apis mellifera, raising concerns about the applicability of these assessments to other bee groups, including stingless bees. In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity of thiamethoxam on the stingless bee Frieseomelitta varia by determining the average lethal concentration (LC50) and mean lethal time (LT50). Additionally, we evaluated the enzymatic profile of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Carboxylesterase-3 (CaE-3), and Glutathione S-Transferase (GST), in the heads and abdomens of F. varia after exposure to thiamethoxam (LC50/10). The LC50 of thiamethoxam was determined to be 0.68 ng ai/μL, and the LT50 values were 37 days for the control group, 25 days at LC50/10, and 27 days at LC50/100. The thiamethoxam significantly decreased the survival time of F. varia. Furthermore, the enzymatic profile exhibited differences in CaE3 activity within one day in the heads and ten days in the abdomen. GST activity showed differences in the abdomen after one and five days of thiamethoxam exposure. These findings suggests that the abdomen is more affected than the head after oral exposure to thiamethoxam. Our study provides evidence of the toxicity of thiamethoxam at both the cellular and organismal levels, reinforcing the need to include non-Apis species in pollinator risk assessments. and provide solid arguments for bee protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Carolaine de Souza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro. Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Programa de pós graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Biologia Celular, Molecular e Microbiologia, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Miotelo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro. Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Programa de pós graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Biologia Celular, Molecular e Microbiologia, Brazil.
| | - Geovana Maloni
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro. Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Programa de pós graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Biologia Celular, Molecular e Microbiologia, Brazil.
| | - Igor Vinicius Ramos Otero
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro. Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Programa de pós graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Biologia Celular, Molecular e Microbiologia, Brazil.
| | | | - Osmar Malaspina
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro. Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Programa de pós graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Biologia Celular, Molecular e Microbiologia, Brazil.
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Huang Y, Li Z. Assessing pesticides in the atmosphere: A global study on pollution, human health effects, monitoring network and regulatory performance. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108653. [PMID: 38669719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, but their impact on the environment and human health is a major concern. While much attention has been given to their presence in soil, water, and food, there have been few studies on airborne pesticide pollution on a global scale. This study aimed to assess the extent of atmospheric pesticide pollution in countries worldwide and identify regional differences using a scoring approach. In addition to analyzing the health risks associated with pesticide pollution, we also examined agricultural practices and current air quality standards for pesticides in these countries. The pollution scores varied significantly among the countries, particularly in Europe. Asian and Oceanic countries generally had higher scores compared to those in the Americas, suggesting a relatively higher level of air pollution caused by pesticides in these regions. It is worth noting that the current pollution levels, as assessed theoretically, pose minimal health risks to humans. However, studies in the literature have shown that excessive exposure to pesticides present in the atmosphere has been associated with various health problems, such as cancer, neuropsychiatric disorders, and other chronic diseases. Interestingly, European countries had the highest overall pesticide application intensities, but this did not necessarily correspond to higher atmospheric pesticide pollution scores. Only a few countries have established air quality standards specifically for pesticides. Furthermore, pollution scores across states in the USA were investigated and the global sampling sites were mapped. The findings revealed that the scores varied widely in the USA and the current sampling sites were limited or unevenly distributed in some countries, particularly the Nordic countries. These findings can help global relevant environmental agencies to set up comprehensive monitoring networks. Overall, the present research highlights the need to create a pesticide monitoring system and increase efforts to enhance pesticide regulation, ensure consistency in standards, and promote international cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabi Huang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zijian Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
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Morrison K, Yang Y, Santana M, Lagisz M, Nakagawa S. A systematic evidence map and bibliometric analysis of the behavioural impacts of pesticide exposure on zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123630. [PMID: 38423273 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are indispensable in agriculture and have become ubiquitous in aquatic environments. Pesticides in natural environments can cause many negative impacts on aquatic species, ranging from mortality to sub-lethal physiological and behavioural changes. The complex sub-lethal impacts of pesticides are routinely tested on model species, with zebrafish (Danio rerio) being regularly used as a behavioural model. Although behavioural ecotoxicology research using zebrafish is increasing rapidly, we lack quantitative evidence to support which pesticides have been tested and how study designs are carried out. This shortcoming not only limits the deliberate planning for future primary studies to fill the knowledge gaps but also hinders evidence synthesis. To provide quantitative evidence of what pesticides are currently studied and what study designs are used, we combined a systematic evidence map approach and bibliometric analysis. This novel method has been coined research weaving and allows us to elicit gaps and clusters in our evidence base, whilst showing connections between authors and institutions. The methodology can be summarised in five primary steps: literature searching, screening, extraction, data analysis and bibliometric analysis. We identified four areas where research on the sub-lethal effects of pesticide exposure on zebrafish is lacking. First, some widely used pesticides, such as neonicotinoids, are understudied. Second, most studies do not report important elements of the study design, namely the sex and the life-stage of the zebrafish. Third, some behaviours, such as impacts of pesticide exposure on zebrafish cognition, are underexplored. And last, we revealed through the bibliometric analysis that most of the research is conducted in developed countries and there is limited cross country co-authorships. Upon identifying these gaps, we offer solutions for each limitation, emphasizing the importance of diverse global research output and cross-country co-authorships. Our systematic evidence map and bibliometric analysis provide valuable insights for helping to guide future research, which can be used to help support evidence-based policy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Morrison
- Ecology & Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yefeng Yang
- Ecology & Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Manuela Santana
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Centre for Marine Studies, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Malgorzata Lagisz
- Ecology & Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Theoretical Sciences Visiting Program, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Ecology & Evolution Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Theoretical Sciences Visiting Program, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
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da Silva JA, Martins MDF, Guedes TDA, Collares GL, Primel EG, Corrêa MG, Martins CDMG. The use of integrative tools and multiple models for aquatic environmental quality assessment: a case study of the Mirim Lagoon, Southern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:200. [PMID: 38270819 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study performed toxicity assays with microalgae, microcrustaceans, and fish as well as evaluated biochemical and behavioral biomarkers in fish and microcrustaceans to assess the quality of the surface water of Mirim Lagoon, which belongs to one of the largest hydrographic basins in the world, located in southern Brazil. Three distinct sampling periods were chosen (January, March, and June 2022) based on the rice plantation dynamics which is the main activity surrounding the lagoon. In January, the plantation is irrigated; in March, the water is drained into the Mirim Lagoon, and July is the off-season. Concerning toxicity tests, there was significant inhibition in microalgae growth when exposed to water collected in March, but no mortality was observed for Ceriodaphia dubia, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio. Regarding biomarkers, behavioral variables contributed more to the higher values of the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index for both D. magna and D. rerio, in March. The Redundancy Analysis (RDA) indicated a correlation between the biomarkers for both organisms and abiotic parameters, mainly nutrients (total phosphorus and total nitrogen), thermotolerant coliforms, total solids, and turbidity. Spatially, there was no difference during monitoring, but the most significant ecotoxicological effects were observed in March. Multivariate analysis and the IBR index proved to be useful tools for monitoring of water bodies such as Mirim Lagoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Araujo da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av, Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana da Fountoura Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Thays de Andrade Guedes
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Loguercio Collares
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Núcleo de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão em Hidrometria e Sedimentologia para o Manejo de Bacias Hidrográficas (NEPE-HIDROSEDI), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro 01, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Ednei Gilberto Primel
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Programa de Pós Graduação em Química Tecnológica e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Marília Guidotti Corrêa
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Núcleo de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão em Hidrometria e Sedimentologia para o Manejo de Bacias Hidrográficas (NEPE-HIDROSEDI), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro 01, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Programa de Pós Graduação em Química Tecnológica e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av, Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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Dos Santos Azevedo AS, da Silva JG, Dos Santos JC, de Oliveira Silva MR, de Almeida SMV, de Azevedo RDS, de Sá Leitão Câmara de Araújo M. Biochemical and teratogenic effects of a mixture of pyriproxyfen and glyphosate. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109766. [PMID: 37844749 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The mixture of agrochemicals can be made to improve pest control or accidentally. In this way, the effects on non-target organisms are a critical aspect of the environment and heath. Thus, this work aimed to show how a mixture of pyriproxyfen, and glyphosate can impair biochemical routes and embryonic development. Zebrafish embryos 0-72 hpf were exposed to 0.001-1 μg/mL of pyriproxyfen, glyphosate, and a mixture of both pesticides. The ADMETox was evaluated in silico. The FET-test was used to estimate teratogenic effects. The biochemical effects were estimated using AChE, SOD, and CAT as parameters. ROS generation was estimated using 30 μM H2DCF-DA and 5 μM DHE. The ADMETox reveals that intestinal absorption and P-glycoprotein are the main sites for PPx and Gly adsorption. The distribution parameters were diverse. PPx + Gly at 0.1 μg/mL leads to 50 % of lethality and at 1 μg/mL 100 % of lethality. PPx + Gly leads to a 22 % of lack of somite formation at 1 μg/mL. The heart rate was reduced by >10 % in all concentrations tested. The AChE has a decrease with IC20 19.6 μM and IC50 261.5 μM. SOD showed a reduction of 28 % to PPx and CAT was reduced by 58 % to PPx + Gly and Gly at 1 μg/mL. Glyphosate does not increase unspecific ROS generation. The superoxide generation was 2× higher in the PPx + Gly at 1 μg/mL. Summarily, was observed that the mixture of PPx + Gly potentiated the toxic effects. This finding suggests a possible synergism between the PPx and Gly even at lower concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Sabrina Dos Santos Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental - PPGSDS, Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, Campus Garanhuns, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, Campus Garanhuns, Brazil
| | - Josefa Gerlane da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, Campus Garanhuns, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sinara Monica Vitalino de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental - PPGSDS, Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, Campus Garanhuns, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE, Campus Garanhuns, Brazil
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Dirilgen T, Herbertsson L, O'Reilly AD, Mahon N, Stanley DA. Moving past neonicotinoids and honeybees: A systematic review of existing research on other insecticides and bees. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116612. [PMID: 37454798 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic pesticides (e.g. herbicides, fungicides and insecticides) are used widely in agriculture to protect crops from pests, weeds and disease. However, their use also comes with a range of environmental concerns. One key concern is the effect of insecticides on non-target organisms such as bees, who provide pollination services for crops and wild plants. This systematic literature review quantifies the existing research on bees and insecticides broadly, and then focuses more specifically on non-neonicotinoid insecticides and non-honeybees. We find that articles on honeybees (Apis sp.) and insecticides account for 80% of all research, with all other bees combined making up 20%. Neonicotinoids were studied in 34% of articles across all bees and were the most widely studied insecticide class for non-honeybees overall, with almost three times as many studies than the second most studied class. Of non-neonicotinoid insecticide classes and non-honeybees, the most studied were pyrethroids and organophosphates followed by carbamates, and the most widely represented bee taxa were bumblebees (Bombus), followed by leaf-cutter bees (Megachile) and mason bees (Osmia). Research has taken place across several countries, with the highest numbers of articles from Brazil and the US, and with notable gaps from countries in Asia, Africa and Oceania. Mortality was the most studied effect type, while sub-lethal effects such as on behaviour were less studied. Few studies tested how the effect of insecticides were influenced by multiple pressures, such as climate change and co-occurring pesticides (cocktail effects). As anthropogenic pressures do not occur in isolation, we suggest that future research also addresses these knowledge gaps. Given the changing global patterns in insecticide use, and the increasing inclusion of both non-honeybees and sub-lethal effects in pesticide risk assessment, there is a need for expanding research beyond its current state to ensure a strong scientific evidence base for the development of risk assessment and associated policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dirilgen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland; Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - L Herbertsson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A D O'Reilly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland; Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Mahon
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D A Stanley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland; Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Almeida Roque AD, Neto FF, Cosio C, Barjhoux I, Ribeiro CADO, Rioult D. IMMUNOTOXICITY OF RELEVANT MIXTURES OF PESTICIDES AND METABOLITES ON THP-1 CELLS. Toxicology 2023:153557. [PMID: 37236337 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are used to combat agricultural pests but also trigger side effects on non-target organisms. Particularly, immune system dysregulation is a major concern due to the organism's increased vulnerability to diseases, including cancer development. Macrophages play essential roles in innate and adaptive immunity and can undergo classical (M1) or alternative (M2) activation. The M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype has an antitumor role, while M2 favors tumor promotion. Although previous studies have linked pesticide exposure to immune compromise, macrophage polarization is still poorly studied. Here, we investigated the effects of 72 h-long exposure to the mixture of four pesticides widely used in Brazil (glyphosate, 2,4-D, mancozeb, and atrazine), and their main metabolites (aminomethylphosphonic acid, 2,4-diclorophenol, ethylenethiourea, and desethylatrazine) on human leukemia monocytic THP-1 cell line at concentrations based on the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) value established in the country. The data revealed immunotoxicity related to impaired cell metabolism in all exposed groups, decreased cell attachment (Pes: 10-1; Met: 10-1; Mix: all concentrations), and disturbance in nitric oxide (NO) levels (Met: 10-1, 101; Mix: all concentrations). The polarization of macrophages towards a more pro-tumor M2-like phenotype was also supported by decreased secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (Pes 100, 101) and increased IL-8 (Pes 101). These outcomes alert about the risk of pesticide exposure in the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliciane De Almeida Roque
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Iris Barjhoux
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Damien Rioult
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Plateau Technique Mobile de Cytométrie Environnementale MOBICYTE - INERIS, 51097 Reims, France.
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de Almeida Roque A, da Luz JZ, Santurio MTK, Neto FF, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA. Complex mixtures of pesticides and metabolites modulate the malignant phenotype of murine melanoma B16-F1 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47366-47380. [PMID: 36738412 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides use increased worldwide with a record in Brazil. Although several works addressed the effects of pesticides on living organisms, only a few considered their mixture, and even fewer tried to unravel their role in tumoral progression. Due to the relevance of cancer, in the present study, the effects of the mixture of pesticides widely used in Brazil (Glyphosate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Mancozeb, Atrazine, Acephate, and Paraquat) and their main metabolites (Aminomethylphosphonic Acid, 2,4-diclorophenol, Ethylenethiourea, Desethylatrazine, Methamidophos, and Paraquat) were investigated on the malignancy phenotype of murine melanoma B16-F1 cells after acute (24 h) and chronic (15 days) exposures. The tested concentrations were based on the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) value established by Brazilian legislation. The set of results showed that these chemicals modulate important parameters of tumor progression, affecting the expression of genes related to tumor aggressiveness (Mmp14 and Cd44) and multidrug resistance (Abcb1, Abcc1, and Abcc4), as well as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (Timp1, Timp2, and Timp3). These findings revealed an absence of cytotoxicity but showed modulation of migration, invasion, and colonization capacity of B16-F1 cells. Together, the results point to some negative ways that exposure to pesticides can affect the progression of melanoma and raise a concern related to the increasing trend in pesticide use in Brazil, as the country is one of the major world food suppliers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliciane de Almeida Roque
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Jessica Zablocki da Luz
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Michelle Thays Khun Santurio
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil.
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Chen C, Luo J, Bu C, Zhang W, Ma L. Identifying unusual human exposures to pesticides: Qilu Lake Basin as an overlooked source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159864. [PMID: 36461573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although common exposure pathways of pesticides (e.g., crop consumption) have been intensively studied, we noticed that some unusual occupational exposures to pesticides were overlooked and could lead to unacceptable health risks. In this study, we presented information on the occurrence of 5 triazine pesticides (TRIs) and 3 neonicotine pesticides (NEOs) detected in water samples of Qilu Lake Basin in China. We identified the unusual occupational exposure scenarios as (i) adult females washing the harvested vegetables, and (ii) adult males catching fish in Qilu Lake; next, the health risk assessment was conducted using collected data. The results showed that the mean Σ5 TRI concentrations ranged from 505.87 ng/L in spring to 864.04 ng/L in summer, and the river water samples around Qilu Lake had the highest concentrations. The mean concentrations of Σ3 NEOs ranged from 885.86 ng/L in winter to 2593.04 ng/L in summer. Occupational exposed populations were bearing one to two orders of magnitude higher exposure doses than local adults. Although the carcinogenic risks caused by atrazine in water were at acceptable levels for local residents, all the occupational exposed males were at moderate risks, and 15.78 %-43.50 % of occupational exposed females in different seasons were even at high risks. The non-carcinogenic risks caused by pesticides in water were all at negligible levels, but the occupational exposed population were facing up to two orders of magnitude higher risks than local residents. This study established a sound basis for further decision-making to take necessary action on protection of sensitive population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jiahong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Bu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Limin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Loken LC, Corsi SR, Alvarez DA, Ankley GT, Baldwin AK, Blackwell BR, De Cicco LA, Nott MA, Oliver SK, Villeneuve DL. Prioritizing Pesticides of Potential Concern and Identifying Potential Mixture Effects in Great Lakes Tributaries Using Passive Samplers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:340-366. [PMID: 36165576 PMCID: PMC10107608 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To help meet the objectives of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative with regard to increasing knowledge about toxic substances, 223 pesticides and pesticide transformation products were monitored in 15 Great Lakes tributaries using polar organic chemical integrative samplers. A screening-level assessment of their potential for biological effects was conducted by computing toxicity quotients (TQs) for chemicals with available US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Aquatic Life Benchmark values. In addition, exposure activity ratios (EAR) were calculated using information from the USEPA ToxCast database. Between 16 and 81 chemicals were detected per site, with 97 unique compounds detected overall, for which 64 could be assessed using TQs or EARs. Ten chemicals exceeded TQ or EAR levels of concern at two or more sites. Chemicals exceeding thresholds included seven herbicides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, diuron, metolachlor, acetochlor, atrazine, simazine, and sulfentrazone), a transformation product (deisopropylatrazine), and two insecticides (fipronil and imidacloprid). Watersheds draining agricultural and urban areas had more detections and higher concentrations of pesticides compared with other land uses. Chemical mixtures analysis for ToxCast assays associated with common modes of action defined by gene targets and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) indicated potential activity on biological pathways related to a range of cellular processes, including xenobiotic metabolism, extracellular signaling, endocrine function, and protection against oxidative stress. Use of gene ontology databases and the AOP knowledgebase within the R-package ToxMixtures highlighted the utility of ToxCast data for identifying and evaluating potential biological effects and adverse outcomes of chemicals and mixtures. Results have provided a list of high-priority chemicals for future monitoring and potential biological effects warranting further evaluation in laboratory and field environments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:340-366. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke C. Loken
- US Geological SurveyUpper Midwest Water Science CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Steven R. Corsi
- US Geological SurveyUpper Midwest Water Science CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - David A. Alvarez
- US Geological SurveyColumbia Environmental Research CenterColombiaMissouriUSA
| | - Gerald T. Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Computational Toxicology and ExposureGreat Lakes Toxicology and Ecology DivisionDuluthMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - Brett R. Blackwell
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Computational Toxicology and ExposureGreat Lakes Toxicology and Ecology DivisionDuluthMinnesotaUSA
| | - Laura A. De Cicco
- US Geological SurveyUpper Midwest Water Science CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Michele A. Nott
- US Geological SurveyUpper Midwest Water Science CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Samantha K. Oliver
- US Geological SurveyUpper Midwest Water Science CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Daniel L. Villeneuve
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Computational Toxicology and ExposureGreat Lakes Toxicology and Ecology DivisionDuluthMinnesotaUSA
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12
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Biodegradation of the Pesticides Bifenthrin and Fipronil by Bacillus Isolated from Orange Leaves. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:3295-3310. [PMID: 36585549 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pyrethroid bifenthrin and the phenylpyrazole fipronil are widely employed insecticides, and their extensive use became an environmental issue. Therefore, this study evaluated their biodegradation employing bacterial strains of Bacillus species isolated from leaves of orange trees, aiming at new biocatalysts with high efficiency for use singly and in consortium. Experiments were performed in liquid culture medium at controlled temperature and stirring (32 °C, 130 rpm). After 5 days, residual quantification by HPLC-UV/Vis showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RFD1C presented 93% biodegradation of fipronil (10.0 mg.L-1 initial concentration) and UPLC-HRMS analyses identified the metabolite fipronil sulfone. Moreover, Bacillus pseudomycoides 3RF2C showed a biodegradation of 88% bifenthrin (30.0 mg.L-1 initial concentration). A consortium composed of the 8 isolated strains biodegraded 81% fipronil and 51% bifenthrin, showing that this approach did not promote better results than the most efficient strains employed singly, although high rates of biodegradation were observed. In conclusion, bacteria of the Bacillus genus isolated from leaves of citrus biodegraded these pesticides widely applied to crops, showing the importance of the plant microbiome for degradation of toxic xenobiotics.
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Yang F, Li Y, Xie Y, Yao W, Ren F. Diethyl phosphate disrupts hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis endocrine hormones via nuclear receptors GR and Nur77: Integration of evidences from in vivo, in vitro and in silico approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157015. [PMID: 35777568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plenty of population epidemiology and cohort studies have found dialkyl phosphates (DAPs) in the urine were related to endocrine hormone disorders. However, we did not know whether these effects were caused by parent organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) or metabolite DAPs, especially the non-specific metabolite diethyl phosphate (DEP), which was the metabolic end product of most widely used diethyl OPs. In this study, animal experiments (in vivo), cell experiments (in vitro), small molecule-protein binding interaction experiments and computer molecular simulations (in silico) were used to explore the disturbing effects and molecular mechanisms of DEP on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis endocrine hormones. The animal experiments showed that chronic DEP exposure significantly disturbed the serum contents of HPA axis hormones in adult male rats. The target genes of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in rat liver, including 11β-hsd1 and Pepck1 and PEPCK protein expressions, were down-regulated. Moreover, the gluconeogenic abilities of rats were impaired. However, it did not affect the expression of GR in the rat hypothalamus. These results indicated that the physiological functions of glucocorticoids and GR were damaged. Furthermore, spectroscopy experiments, cell experiments, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations also suggested that DEP can bind to nuclear receptors GR and Nur77, affecting their transcription factor functions, and the transcriptional expression levels of their downstream target genes were reduced. The biosynthesis and secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and glucocorticoids were blocked. Therefore, DEP can inhibit the production and physiological functions of HPA axis endocrine hormones by disrupting these related proteins and antagonizing nuclear receptors. These results were considered to provide a theoretical basis for strictly controlling the residue limits of OPs and their metabolites in foods, agricultural products and the environment. They also revealed new targets for evaluating the toxicities and risks of pesticide metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, and Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, and Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, and Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
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14
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Dang TT, Huang YH, Ott S, Harvey PJ, Gilding EK, Tombling BJ, Chan LY, Kaas Q, Claridge-Chang A, Craik DJ. The acyclotide ribe 31 from Rinorea bengalensis has selective cytotoxicity and potent insecticidal properties in Drosophila. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102413. [PMID: 36007611 PMCID: PMC9513267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclotides and acyclic versions of cyclotides (acyclotides) are peptides involved in plant defense. These peptides contain a cystine knot motif formed by three interlocked disulfide bonds, with the main difference between the two classes being the presence or absence of a cyclic backbone, respectively. The insecticidal activity of cyclotides is well documented, but no study to date explores the insecticidal activity of acyclotides. Here, we present the first in vivo evaluation of the insecticidal activity of acyclotides from Rinorea bengalensis on the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster. Of a group of structurally comparable acyclotides, ribe 31 showed the most potent toxicity when fed to D. melanogaster. We screened a range of acyclotides and cyclotides and found their toxicity toward human red blood cells was substantially lower than toward insect cells, highlighting their selectivity and potential for use as bioinsecticides. Our confocal microscopy experiments indicated their cytotoxicity is likely mediated via membrane disruption. Furthermore, our surface plasmon resonance studies suggested ribe 31 preferentially binds to membranes containing phospholipids with phosphatidyl-ethanolamine headgroups. Despite having an acyclic backbone, we determined the three-dimensional NMR solution structure of ribe 31 is similar to that of cyclotides. In summary, our results suggest that, with further optimization, ribe 31 could have applications as an insecticide due to its potent in vivo activity against D. melanogaster. More broadly, this work advances the field by demonstrating that acyclotides are more common than previously thought, have potent insecticidal activity, and have the advantage of potentially being more easily manufactured than cyclotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien T Dang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Stanislav Ott
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Peta J Harvey
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Edward K Gilding
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Tombling
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lai Y Chan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Adam Claridge-Chang
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857; Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, 138673; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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Scandolara TB, Valle SF, Esteves C, Scherer NDM, de Armas EM, Furtado C, Gomes R, Boroni M, Jaques HDS, Alves FM, Rech D, Panis C, Bonvicino CR. Somatic DNA Damage Response and Homologous Repair Gene Alterations and Its Association With Tumor Variant Burden in Breast Cancer Patients With Occupational Exposure to Pesticides. Front Oncol 2022; 12:904813. [PMID: 35875117 PMCID: PMC9305859 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination is a crucial pathway that is specialized in repairing double-strand breaks; thus, alterations in genes of this pathway may lead to loss of genomic stability and cell growth suppression. Pesticide exposure potentially increases cancer risk through several mechanisms, such as the genotoxicity caused by chronic exposure, leading to gene alteration. To analyze this hypothesis, we investigated if breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides present a different mutational pattern in genes related to homologous recombination (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and RAD51D) and damage-response (TP53) concerning unexposed patients. We performed multiplex PCR-based assays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of all coding regions and flanking splicing sites of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, and RAD51D in 158 unpaired tumor samples from breast cancer patients on MiSeq (Illumina) platform. We found that exposed patients had tumors with more pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants than unexposed patients (p = 0.017). In general, tumors that harbored a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant had a higher mutational burden (p < 0.001). We also observed that breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides had a higher mutational burden when diagnosed before 50 years old (p = 0.00978) and/or when carrying BRCA1 (p = 0.0138), BRCA2 (p = 0.0366), and/or PALB2 (p = 0.00058) variants, a result not found in the unexposed group. Our results show that pesticide exposure impacts the tumor mutational landscape and could be associated with the carcinogenesis process, therapy response, and disease progression. Further studies should increase the observation period in exposed patients to better evaluate the impact of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Basso Scandolara
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sara Ferreira Valle
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Esteves
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nicole de Miranda Scherer
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvismary Molina de Armas
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Informatics, Pontificia Universidade Católica (PUC)-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Furtado
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renan Gomes
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Boroni
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Fernandes CLF, Cardoso RMS, da Silva Júnior FMR. Walking backwards into the future: Setbacks of Brazil's pesticides bill. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2022; 18:1114-1116. [PMID: 35765895 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline L F Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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17
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Rezende-Teixeira P, Dusi RG, Jimenez PC, Espindola LS, Costa-Lotufo LV. What can we learn from commercial insecticides? Efficacy, toxicity, environmental impacts, and future developments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 300:118983. [PMID: 35151812 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide pesticide usage was estimated in up to 3.5 million tons in 2020. The number of approved products varies among different countries, however, in Brazil, there are nearly 5000 of such products available. Among them, insecticides correspond to a group of mounting importance for controlling crop pests and disease-associated vectors in public health. Unfortunately, resistance to commercially approved insecticides is commonly observed, limiting the use of these products. Thus, the search for more effective and environmentally friendly products is both a challenge and a necessity since several insecticides are no longer allowed in many countries. In this review, we discuss the historical strategies used in the development of modern insecticides, including chemical structure alterations, mechanism of action and their impact on insecticidal activity. The environmental impact of each pesticide class is also discussed, with persistence data and activity on non-target organisms, along with the human toxicological effect. By tracing the historical route of discovery and development of blockbuster pesticides like DDT, pyrethroids and organophosphates, we also aim to categorize and relate the successful chemical alterations and novel pesticide development strategies that resulted in safer alternatives. A brief discussion on the Brazilian registration procedure and a perspective of insecticides currently approved in the country was also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rezende-Teixeira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Marinha, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata G Dusi
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Paula C Jimenez
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção de Organismos Marinhos, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Laila S Espindola
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia V Costa-Lotufo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Marinha, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Yang F, Cui Y, Yu H, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Yao W, Xie Y. Identifying potential thyroid hormone disrupting effects among diphenyl ether structure pesticides and their metabolites in silico. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132575. [PMID: 34656618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The environmental and dietary pesticide exposures can cause thyroid hormones (THs) disorders, which are associated with the high incidence of thyroid diseases worldwide. The structures of diphenyl ether pesticides and their metabolites are very similar to the structure of THs. Based on this, in silico molecular simulation approaches were used to predict, screen, evaluate and identify the binding interactions of 98 diphenyl ether structure pesticides and their metabolites (DEPMs) with 10 THs related proteins in the study. The research results indicated that these DEPMs such as fluoroglycofen (FOG), rafoxanide, diclofop, ethoxyfen and difenopenten were considered to have the greater potentials to interfere with the related proteins of THs biosynthesis, blood transport, receptor binding and metabolism. And FOG can interact with thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRβ) to form non-bond interactions. Furthermore, the results of molecular dynamics simulations showed that there were strong and stable interactions between FOG and TRβ. These results suggested that the herbicide FOG was likely to disturb THs nuclear receptor. And benzene rings and hydrophobic groups might be the characteristic chemical functional groups for DEPMs to disrupt TRβ. The relevant results of this study can be used to provide references for environmental toxicology evaluation, food safety risk assessment, and formulation and revision of pesticides and their metabolites residue limits in agricultural products and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, No.235 Daxue West Road, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, No.235 Daxue West Road, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, No.235 Daxue West Road, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
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19
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Ecosystem Services from Ecological Agroforestry in Brazil: A Systematic Map of Scientific Evidence. LAND 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/land11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Brazil has great potential to expand the area under agroforestry, and thereby simultaneously enhance multiple ecosystem services. However, divergent interests are currently polarized between drastic environmental deregulation and public resource allocation to chemical-intensive land use versus conservation and sustainable agriculture. This highlights an urgent need for a comprehensive overview of the evidence of the benefits to society generated by agroforestry across Brazil. (2) We present a systematic map of the scientific evidence related to the effects of agroforestry on ecosystem services in Brazil. (3) Reviewing 158 peer-reviewed articles, published in international scientific journals (database: Web of Science), we identified a disproportionate emphasis on the Atlantic Forest. Very little research has been published on the Cerrado savanna, Pampa grasslands and Pantanal wetlands. Regulating services were much more frequently studied (85%) than provisioning (13%), while cultural services represent a major gap. A consistent positive effect of agroforestry was demonstrated for soil quality, habitat and food provisioning. Trade-offs were demonstrated for soils and habitats. (4) Our analysis identifies high-priority gaps given their critical importance for human well-being which should be filled: agroforestry effects on water provision and regulation. Moreover, they should assess other ES such as erosion control, flood protection and pest control to enable a more reliable inference about trade-offs.
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Maes C, Meersmans J, Lins L, Bouquillon S, Fauconnier ML. Essential Oil-Based Bioherbicides: Human Health Risks Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9396. [PMID: 34502302 PMCID: PMC8431140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the development of new bio-based products for biocontrol has been gaining importance as it contributes to reducing the use of synthetic herbicides in agriculture. Conventional herbicides (i.e., the ones with synthetic molecules) can lead to adverse effects such as human diseases (cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, reproductive perturbations, etc.) but also to disturbing the environment because of their drift in the air, transport throughout aquatic systems and persistence across different environments. The use of natural molecules seems to be a very good alternative for maintaining productive agriculture but without the negative side effects of synthetic herbicides. In this context, essential oils and their components are increasingly studied in order to produce several categories of biopesticides thanks to their well-known biocidal activities. However, these molecules can also be potentially hazardous to humans and the environment. This article reviews the state of the literature and regulations with regard to the potential risks related to the use of essential oils as bioherbicides in agricultural and horticultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloë Maes
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, BP 1039 boîte 44, CEDEX 2, 51687 Reims, France; (C.M.); (S.B.)
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Molécules Naturelles, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech., Université de Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Meersmans
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech., Université de Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Laurence Lins
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech., Université de Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Sandrine Bouquillon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, BP 1039 boîte 44, CEDEX 2, 51687 Reims, France; (C.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Molécules Naturelles, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech., Université de Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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21
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Garcia MS, Cavalcante DNDC, Araújo Santiago MDS, de Medeiros PDC, do Nascimento CC, Fonseca GFC, Le Sueur-Maluf L, Perobelli JE. Reproductive toxicity in male juvenile rats: Antagonistic effects between isolated agrochemicals and in binary or ternary combinations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111766. [PMID: 33348257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The management of agrochemicals in Brazilian agriculture impacts global environmental sustainability and food security, since this country is one of the major agro-food exporters in the world. Acephate, carbendazim, and dithiocarbamates (DTCs) such as mancozeb, are among the most detected agrochemicals in Brazilian agro-food products, occurring in combination in several crops, especially in fruit cultures. The present study evaluated the impact of the exposure to isolated agrochemicals and all the combined possible mixtures (binary and ternary forms) on the reproductive parameters of male juvenile rats, known to be a vulnerable biological system and developmental window. Data were analyzed using Generalized Linear Models (GzLM), considering each agrochemical as an independent factor. The study revealed higher reproductive toxicity exerted by isolated agrochemicals when compared to the combined treatments, which exhibited mostly an antagonistic effect. Results suggest endocrine disruptive effects of each one separately on the weight of reproductive organs and testicular histomorphometry, besides changes in testicular SOD activity. The full factorial experimental design employed here allowed us to conclude that it is not possible to scale-up the effects of the isolated treatments to the mixtures, showing how difficult it is to know beforehand the response and cross-talk among the multiple physiological mechanisms disturbed by complex mixtures. Considering that food products are shared on a global scale and that some of these three agrochemicals have already been prohibited in EU countries, the consumption of some Brazilian products puts global human health at risk, that of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Simões Garcia
- Experimental Toxicology Laboratory, Instituto do Mar, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paloma Da Cunha de Medeiros
- Experimental Toxicology Laboratory, Instituto do Mar, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luciana Le Sueur-Maluf
- Departamento de Biociências, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Elaine Perobelli
- Experimental Toxicology Laboratory, Instituto do Mar, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil.
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22
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Souza Mesquita LM, Martins M, Pisani LP, Ventura SPM, Rosso VV. Insights on the use of alternative solvents and technologies to recover bio‐based food pigments. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:787-818. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M. Souza Mesquita
- Department of Biosciences Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) Santos Brazil
- Department of Chemistry CICECO − Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago University of Aveiro Portugal
| | - Margarida Martins
- Department of Chemistry CICECO − Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago University of Aveiro Portugal
| | - Luciana P. Pisani
- Department of Biosciences Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) Santos Brazil
| | - Sónia P. M. Ventura
- Department of Chemistry CICECO − Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago University of Aveiro Portugal
| | - Veridiana V. Rosso
- Department of Biosciences Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) Santos Brazil
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23
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Aranha MLG, Garcia MS, de Carvalho Cavalcante DN, Silva APG, Fontes MK, Gusso-Choueri PK, Choueri RB, Perobelli JE. Biochemical and histopathological responses in peripubertal male rats exposed to agrochemicals isolated or in combination: A multivariate data analysis study. Toxicology 2020; 447:152636. [PMID: 33217513 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of agrochemicals results in the exposure of the general human population, including children, to several of these chemicals simultaneously. In the present preclinical study, it was investigated the hepatic damages caused by exposure to acephate, carbendazim and mancozeb when administered alone or in different combinations (binary and ternary). Juvenile male Wistar rats were exposed to agrochemicals from post-natal day 53, by gavage. The doses of agrochemicals applied here were determined from previous studies whose results showed no signs of systemic toxicity. All exposures provoked a significant increase in DNA damage (except for acephate alone) and activation of the xenobiotic biotransformation system (except for the ternary mixture). Interestingly, the ternary mixture did not exhibit an exacerbation in adverse effects caused by agrochemicals isolated or in binary combination, even though they are sharing genotoxicity damage induction as a common toxicity pathway. Conversely, some effects observed for isolated or binary combinations of agrochemicals were not observed for ternary combination, suggesting a chemical interaction that could imply antagonism character. Using a multivariate data analysis approach, exposure to isolated agrochemicals were related to a group of adverse effects characterized by hepatic lesion and the attempt of the tissue to mobilize defense cells and increase mitotic rates to minimize damages. Binary mixtures also share similarities in relation to the effects they exhibited, mainly a moderate to high increase in the GST activity and in histopathological alterations suggesting that binary combinations trigger an increased response of the mechanism of xenobiotics biotransformation. Together, obtained results bring important insights regarding adverse effects and possible interaction of the three agrochemicals whose residues are commonly detected in agro-food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luiza Garcia Aranha
- Experimental Toxicology Laboratory, Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Simões Garcia
- Experimental Toxicology Laboratory, Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Priscila Gomes Silva
- Experimental Toxicology Laboratory, Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayana Karoline Fontes
- Núcleo de Estudos em Poluição e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri
- Núcleo de Estudos em Poluição e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Elaine Perobelli
- Experimental Toxicology Laboratory, Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
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