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Cheng H, Zhao Y, Hou X, Ling F, Wang J, Wang Y, Cao Y. Unveiling the therapeutic prospects of IFNW1 and IFNA21: insights into glioma pathogenesis and clinical significance. Neurogenetics 2024:10.1007/s10048-024-00769-5. [PMID: 38958838 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00769-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Glioma, a type of brain tumor, poses significant challenges due to its heterogeneous nature and limited treatment options. Interferon-related genes (IRGs) have emerged as potential players in glioma pathogenesis, yet their expression patterns and clinical implications remain to be fully elucidated. We conducted a comprehensive analysis to investigate the expression patterns and functional enrichment of IRGs in glioma. This involved constructing protein-protein interaction networks, heatmap analysis, survival curve plotting, diagnostic and prognostic assessments, differential expression analysis across glioma subgroups, GSVA, immune infiltration analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis. Our analysis revealed distinct expression patterns and functional enrichment of IRGs in glioma. Notably, IFNW1 and IFNA21 were markedly downregulated in glioma tissues compared to normal tissues, and higher expression levels were associated with improved overall survival and disease-specific survival. Furthermore, these genes showed diagnostic capabilities in distinguishing glioma tissues from normal tissues and were significantly downregulated in higher-grade and more aggressive gliomas. Differential expression analysis across glioma subgroups highlighted the association of IFNW1 and IFNA21 expression with key pathways and biological processes, including metabolic reprogramming and immune regulation. Immune infiltration analysis revealed their influence on immune cell composition in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, elevated expression levels were associated with increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Our findings underscore the potential of IFNW1 and IFNA21 as diagnostic biomarkers and prognostic indicators in glioma. Their roles in modulating glioma progression, immune response, and drug sensitivity highlight their significance as potential therapeutic targets. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of glioma biology and may inform the development of personalized treatment strategies for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, No.136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, No.136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
- Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Danyang, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- Yangzhou Vocational University Medical College, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Ling
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, No.136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
- Otorhinolaryngology, The Third People's Hospital of Danyang, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, No.136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
- Medicine Section, The Third People's Hospital of Danyang, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, No.136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yasen Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, No.136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Kirkpatrick C, Lu YCW. Deciphering CD4 + T cell-mediated responses against cancer. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1209-1220. [PMID: 38725218 PMCID: PMC11166516 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
It's been long thought that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells play a major role in T cell-mediated antitumor responses, whereas CD4+ T cells merely provide some assistance to CD8+ T cells as the "helpers." In recent years, numerous studies support the notion that CD4+ T cells play an indispensable role in antitumor responses. Here, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge regarding the roles of CD4+ T cells in antitumor responses and immunotherapy, with a focus on the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind these observations. These new insights on CD4+ T cells may pave the way to further optimize cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Kirkpatrick
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yong-Chen William Lu
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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3
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Magness A, Colliver E, Enfield KSS, Lee C, Shimato M, Daly E, Moore DA, Sivakumar M, Valand K, Levi D, Hiley CT, Hobson PS, van Maldegem F, Reading JL, Quezada SA, Downward J, Sahai E, Swanton C, Angelova M. Deep cell phenotyping and spatial analysis of multiplexed imaging with TRACERx-PHLEX. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5135. [PMID: 38879602 PMCID: PMC11180132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing scale and dimensionality of multiplexed imaging require reproducible and comprehensive yet user-friendly computational pipelines. TRACERx-PHLEX performs deep learning-based cell segmentation (deep-imcyto), automated cell-type annotation (TYPEx) and interpretable spatial analysis (Spatial-PHLEX) as three independent but interoperable modules. PHLEX generates single-cell identities, cell densities within tissue compartments, marker positivity calls and spatial metrics such as cellular barrier scores, along with summary graphs and spatial visualisations. PHLEX was developed using imaging mass cytometry (IMC) in the TRACERx study, validated using published Co-detection by indexing (CODEX), IMC and orthogonal data and benchmarked against state-of-the-art approaches. We evaluated its use on different tissue types, tissue fixation conditions, image sizes and antibody panels. As PHLEX is an automated and containerised Nextflow pipeline, manual assessment, programming skills or pathology expertise are not essential. PHLEX offers an end-to-end solution in a growing field of highly multiplexed data and provides clinically relevant insights.
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Grants
- RF\ERE\231118 Royal Society
- C416/A21999 Cancer Research UK (CRUK)
- CC2041 Wellcome Trust
- CC2041 Arthritis Research UK
- 838540 EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- RF\ERE\210216 Royal Society
- CC2040 Arthritis Research UK
- Wellcome Trust
- 101079113 EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- Francis Crick Institute (Francis Crick Institute Limited)
- Wellcome Trust (Wellcome)
- The TRACERx study (Clinicaltrials.gov no: NCT01888601) is sponsored by University College London (UCL/12/0279) and has been approved by an independent Research Ethics Committee (13/LO/1546). TRACERx is funded by Cancer Research UK (C11496/A17786) and coordinated through the Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre which has a core grant from CRUK (C444/A15953). We gratefully acknowledge the patients and relatives who participated in TRACERx and PEACE studies. We thank all site personnel, investigators, funders and industry partners that supported the generation of the data within this study. This work was supported by the Francis Crick Institute that receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (CC2041), the UK Medical Research Council (CC2041), and the Wellcome Trust (CC2041). This work was also supported by the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence and the CRUK City of London Centre Award (C7893/A26233) as well as the UCL Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre. This work was supported by funding as part of a research collaboration with Bristol Myers Squibb. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 101018670). For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. C.S. is a Royal Society Napier Research Professor (RSRP\R\210001). His work is supported by the Francis Crick Institute that receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (CC2041), the UK Medical Research Council (CC2041), and the Wellcome Trust (CC2041). C.S. is funded by Cancer Research UK (TRACERx (C11496/A17786), PEACE (C416/A21999) and CRUK Cancer Immunotherapy Catalyst Network); Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (C11496/A30025); the Rosetrees Trust, Butterfield and Stoneygate Trusts; NovoNordisk Foundation (ID16584); Royal Society Professorship Enhancement Award (RP/EA/180007 & RF\ERE\231118)); National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre; the Cancer Research UK-University College London Centre; Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre; the Breast Cancer Research Foundation (US; BCRF-22-157); Cancer Research UK Early Detection and Diagnosis Primer Award (Grant EDDPMA-Nov21/100034); and The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research Aspire Award (Grant 21-029-ASP) and ASPIRE II award (23-034-ASP). This work was supported by a Stand Up To Cancer‐LUNGevity-American Lung Association Lung Cancer Interception Dream Team Translational Research Grant (Grant Number: SU2C-AACR-DT23-17 to S.M. Dubinett and A.E. Spira). The indicated Stand Up To Cancer grant is administered by the American Association for Cancer Research, the Scientific Partner of SU2C. C.S. is in receipt of an ERC Advanced Grant (PROTEUS) from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 835297).
- K.S.S.E was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 838540 and is supported by the Royal Society (RF\ERE\210216).
- F.vM. is recipient of the Amsterdam UMC fellowship and receives funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon Europe WIDERA work programme (grant agreement No. 101079113).
- E.S. was partly funded by The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research (MFCR ASPIRE 2022- 0384). E.S. is additionally supported by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant CAN_ORGANISE, Grant agreement number 101019366) and the Francis Crick Institute which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (CC2040), the UK Medical Research Council (CC2040), and the Wellcome Trust (CC2040).
- M.A. was supported by a fellowship from The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Magness
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Emma Colliver
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Katey S S Enfield
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Claudia Lee
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Masako Shimato
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Emer Daly
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - David A Moore
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Monica Sivakumar
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Karishma Valand
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Dina Levi
- Flow Cytometry, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Crispin T Hiley
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Febe van Maldegem
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James L Reading
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Pre-cancer Immunology Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Immune Regulation and Tumour Immunotherapy Group, Cancer Immunology Unit, Research, Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Immune Regulation and Tumour Immunotherapy Group, Cancer Immunology Unit, Research, Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Julian Downward
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
| | - Mihaela Angelova
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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4
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Zhao M, Shuai W, Su Z, Xu P, Wang A, Sun Q, Wang G. Protein tyrosine phosphatases: emerging role in cancer therapy resistance. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:637-653. [PMID: 38741380 PMCID: PMC11194456 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular proteins is a post-translational modification that plays a regulatory role in signal transduction during cellular events. Dephosphorylation of signal transduction proteins caused by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) contributed their role as a convergent node to mediate cross-talk between signaling pathways. In the context of cancer, PTP-mediated pathways have been identified as signaling hubs that enabled cancer cells to mitigate stress induced by clinical therapy. This is achieved by the promotion of constitutive activation of growth-stimulatory signaling pathways or modulation of the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. Preclinical evidences suggested that anticancer drugs will release their greatest therapeutic potency when combined with PTP inhibitors, reversing drug resistance that was responsible for clinical failures during cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED This review aimed to elaborate recent insights that supported the involvement of PTP-mediated pathways in the development of resistance to targeted therapy and immune-checkpoint therapy. EXPERT OPINION This review proposed the notion of PTP inhibition in anticancer combination therapy as a potential strategy in clinic to achieve long-term tumor regression. Ongoing clinical trials are currently underway to assess the safety and efficacy of combination therapy in advanced-stage tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Innovation Center of Nursing ResearchNursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Innovation Center of Nursing ResearchNursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Zehao Su
- Innovation Center of Nursing ResearchNursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterMed‐X Center for InformaticsSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- Emergency DepartmentZigong Fourth People's HospitalChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing ResearchNursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Qiu Sun
- Innovation Center of Nursing ResearchNursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Guan Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing ResearchNursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
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5
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Tian J, Bai X, Quek C. Single-Cell Informatics for Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4485. [PMID: 38674070 PMCID: PMC11050520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer comprises malignant cells surrounded by the tumor microenvironment (TME), a dynamic ecosystem composed of heterogeneous cell populations that exert unique influences on tumor development. The immune community within the TME plays a substantial role in tumorigenesis and tumor evolution. The innate and adaptive immune cells "talk" to the tumor through ligand-receptor interactions and signaling molecules, forming a complex communication network to influence the cellular and molecular basis of cancer. Such intricate intratumoral immune composition and interactions foster the application of immunotherapies, which empower the immune system against cancer to elicit durable long-term responses in cancer patients. Single-cell technologies have allowed for the dissection and characterization of the TME to an unprecedented level, while recent advancements in bioinformatics tools have expanded the horizon and depth of high-dimensional single-cell data analysis. This review will unravel the intertwined networks between malignancy and immunity, explore the utilization of computational tools for a deeper understanding of tumor-immune communications, and discuss the application of these approaches to aid in diagnosis or treatment decision making in the clinical setting, as well as the current challenges faced by the researchers with their potential future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Camelia Quek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (J.T.); (X.B.)
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6
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Hickey JW, Agmon E, Horowitz N, Tan TK, Lamore M, Sunwoo JB, Covert MW, Nolan GP. Integrating multiplexed imaging and multiscale modeling identifies tumor phenotype conversion as a critical component of therapeutic T cell efficacy. Cell Syst 2024; 15:322-338.e5. [PMID: 38636457 PMCID: PMC11030795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a complex process involving interactions that unfold across molecular, cellular, and tissue scales. These multiscale interactions have been difficult to measure and to simulate. Here, we integrated CODEX multiplexed tissue imaging with multiscale modeling software to model key action points that influence the outcome of T cell therapies with cancer. The initial phenotype of therapeutic T cells influences the ability of T cells to convert tumor cells to an inflammatory, anti-proliferative phenotype. This T cell phenotype could be preserved by structural reprogramming to facilitate continual tumor phenotype conversion and killing. One takeaway is that controlling the rate of cancer phenotype conversion is critical for control of tumor growth. The results suggest new design criteria and patient selection metrics for T cell therapies, call for a rethinking of T cell therapeutic implementation, and provide a foundation for synergistically integrating multiplexed imaging data with multiscale modeling of the cancer-immune interface. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hickey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Eran Agmon
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Nina Horowitz
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tze-Kai Tan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Lamore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - John B Sunwoo
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Markus W Covert
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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7
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Wickenberg M, Mercier R, Yap M, Walker J, Baker K, LaPointe P. Hsp90 inhibition leads to an increase in surface expression of multiple immunological receptors in cancer cells. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1334876. [PMID: 38645275 PMCID: PMC11027010 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1334876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone important for maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in the cell. Hsp90 inhibitors are being explored as cancer therapeutics because of their ability to disrupt proteostasis. Inhibiting Hsp90 increases surface density of the immunological receptor Major Histocompatibility Complex 1 (MHC1). Here we show that this increase occurs across multiple cancer cell lines and with both cytosol-specific and pan-Hsp90 inhibitors. We demonstrate that Hsp90 inhibition also alters surface expression of both IFNGR and PD-L1, two additional immunological receptors that play a significant role in anti-tumour or anti-immune activity in the tumour microenvironment. Hsp90 also negatively regulates IFN-γ activity in cancer cells, suggesting it has a unique role in mediating the immune system's response to cancer. Our data suggests a strong link between Hsp90 activity and the pathways that govern anti-tumour immunity. This highlights the potential for the use of an Hsp90 inhibitor in combination with another currently available cancer treatment, immune checkpoint blockade therapy, which works to prevent immune evasion of cancer cells. Combination checkpoint inhibitor therapy and the use of an Hsp90 inhibitor may potentiate the therapeutic benefits of both treatments and improve prognosis for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Wickenberg
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rebecca Mercier
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Megan Yap
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John Walker
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kristi Baker
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul LaPointe
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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8
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Rooker A, Ouwerkerk W, Bekkenk MW, Luiten RM, Bakker WJ. The Risk of Keratinocyte Cancer in Vitiligo and the Potential Mechanisms Involved. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:234-242. [PMID: 37791932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Although light skin types are associated with increased skin cancer risk, a lower incidence of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has been reported in patients with vitiligo. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the NMSC risk in patients with vitiligo, indicating a reduced relative risk ratio of NMSC in vitiligo. Furthermore, we propose a series of hypotheses on the underlying mechanisms, including both immune-mediated and nonimmune-mediated pathways. This study reveals insights into the relationship between vitiligo and keratinocyte cancer and can also be used to better inform patients with vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Rooker
- Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Ouwerkerk
- Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel W Bekkenk
- Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalie M Luiten
- Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Walbert J Bakker
- Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Hoekstra ME, Slagter M, Urbanus J, Toebes M, Slingerland N, de Rink I, Kluin RJC, Nieuwland M, Kerkhoven R, Wessels LFA, Schumacher TN. Distinct spatiotemporal dynamics of CD8 + T cell-derived cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:157-167.e9. [PMID: 38194914 PMCID: PMC10783802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) influence each other through secretion and sensing of soluble mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines. While signaling of interferon γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is integral to anti-tumor immune responses, our understanding of the spatiotemporal behavior of these cytokines is limited. Here, we describe a single cell transcriptome-based approach to infer which signal(s) an individual cell has received. We demonstrate that, contrary to expectations, CD8+ T cell-derived IFNγ is the dominant modifier of the TME relative to TNFα. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cell pools that show abundant IFNγ sensing are characterized by decreased expression of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced genes, consistent with IFNγ-mediated TME remodeling. Collectively, these data provide evidence that CD8+ T cell-secreted cytokines should be categorized into local and global tissue modifiers, and describe a broadly applicable approach to dissect cytokine and chemokine modulation of the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam E Hoekstra
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Slagter
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Urbanus
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mireille Toebes
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nadine Slingerland
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris de Rink
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roelof J C Kluin
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marja Nieuwland
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ron Kerkhoven
- Genomics Core Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk F A Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Ton N Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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10
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Middelburg J, Ghaffari S, Schoufour TAW, Sluijter M, Schaap G, Göynük B, Sala BM, Al-Tamimi L, Scheeren F, Franken KLMC, Akkermans JJLL, Cabukusta B, Joosten SA, Derksen I, Neefjes J, van der Burg SH, Achour A, Wijdeven RHM, Weidanz J, van Hall T. The MHC-E peptide ligands for checkpoint CD94/NKG2A are governed by inflammatory signals, whereas LILRB1/2 receptors are peptide indifferent. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113516. [PMID: 38048225 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint NKG2A/CD94 is a promising target for cancer immunotherapy, and its ligand major histocompatibility complex E (MHC-E) is frequently upregulated in cancer. NKG2A/CD94-mediated inhibition of lymphocytes depends on the presence of specific leader peptides in MHC-E, but when and where they are presented in situ is unknown. We apply a nanobody specific for the Qdm/Qa-1b complex, the NKG2A/CD94 ligand in mouse, and find that presentation of Qdm peptide depends on every member of the endoplasmic reticulum-resident peptide loading complex. With a turnover rate of 30 min, the Qdm peptide reflects antigen processing capacity in real time. Remarkably, Qdm/Qa-1b complexes require inflammatory signals for surface expression in situ, despite the broad presence of Qa-1b molecules in homeostasis. Furthermore, we identify LILRB1 as a functional inhibition receptor for MHC-E in steady state. These data provide a molecular understanding of NKG2A blockade in immunotherapy and assign MHC-E as a convergent ligand for multiple immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Middelburg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Soroush Ghaffari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Tom A W Schoufour
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Sluijter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gaby Schaap
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Büsra Göynük
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Benedetta M Sala
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute & Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Lejla Al-Tamimi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute & Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ferenc Scheeren
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kees L M C Franken
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jimmy J L L Akkermans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Birol Cabukusta
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Simone A Joosten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Derksen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute & Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ruud H M Wijdeven
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jon Weidanz
- Abexxa Biologics, Inc., Arlington, TX, USA; College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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11
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Zhu Y, Jin L, Chen J, Su M, Sun T, Yang X. Promoting the Recruitment, Engagement, and Reinvigoration of Effector T Cells via an Injectable Hydrogel with a Supramolecular Binding Capability for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2309667. [PMID: 37807931 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
T cells play a basic and key role in immunotherapy against solid tumors, and efficiently recruiting them into neoplastic foci and sustaining long-term effector function are consistent goals that remain a critical challenge. Here, an injectable alginate-based hydrogel with abundant β-cyclodextrin (ALG-βCD) sites is developed and intratumorally injected to recruit CCR9+ CD8+ T cells (a subset of T cells with robust antitumor activity) via the trapped chemokine CCL25. In the meantime, an intravenously injected adamantane-decorated anti-PD1 antibody (Ad-aPD1) would hitchhike on recruited CCR9+ CD8+ T cells to achieve the improved intratumoral accumulation of Ad-aPD1. Moreover, the Ad-PD1 and Ad-PDL1 antibodies are immobilized in the ALG-βCD hydrogel through supramolecular host-guest interactions of Ad and βCD, which facilitate engagement between CD8+ T cells and tumor cells and reinvigorate CD8+ T cells to avoid exhaustion. Based on this treatment strategy, T cell-mediated anticancer activity is promoted at multiple levels, eventually achieving superior antitumor efficacy in both orthotopic and postsurgical B16-F10 tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiang Zhu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511442, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Liangjie Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511442, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Junbin Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511442, P. R. China
| | - Miao Su
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511442, P. R. China
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, China
| | - Xianzhu Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511442, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
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12
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Bousso P, Grandjean CL. Immunomodulation under the lens of real-time in vivo imaging. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2249921. [PMID: 37051691 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202249921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of cells and molecules of the immune system not only represents a major opportunity to treat a variety of diseases including infections, cancer, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders but could also help understand the intricacies of immune responses. A detailed mechanistic understanding of how a specific immune intervention may provide clinical benefit is essential for the rational design of efficient immunomodulators. Visualizing the impact of immunomodulation in real-time and in vivo has emerged as an important approach to achieve this goal. In this review, we aim to illustrate how multiphoton intravital imaging has helped clarify the mode of action of immunomodulatory strategies such as antibodies or cell therapies. We also discuss how optogenetics combined with imaging will further help manipulate and precisely understand immunomodulatory pathways. Combined with other single-cell technologies, in vivo dynamic imaging has therefore a major potential for guiding preclinical development of immunomodulatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bousso
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1223, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Capucine L Grandjean
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1223, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
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13
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Malyshkina A, Brüggemann A, Paschen A, Dittmer U. Cytotoxic CD4 + T cells in chronic viral infections and cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271236. [PMID: 37965314 PMCID: PMC10642198 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells play an important role in immune responses against pathogens and cancer cells. Although their main task is to provide help to other effector immune cells, a growing number of infections and cancer entities have been described in which CD4+ T cells exhibit direct effector functions against infected or transformed cells. The most important cell type in this context are cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CTL). In infectious diseases anti-viral CD4+ CTL are mainly found in chronic viral infections. Here, they often compensate for incomplete or exhausted CD8+ CTL responses. The induction of CD4+ CTL is counter-regulated by Tregs, most likely because they can be dangerous inducers of immunopathology. In viral infections, CD4+ CTL often kill via the Fas/FasL pathway, but they can also facilitate the exocytosis pathway of killing. Thus, they are very important effectors to keep persistent virus in check and guarantee host survival. In contrast to viral infections CD4+ CTL attracted attention as direct anti-tumor effectors in solid cancers only recently. Anti-tumor CD4+ CTL are defined by the expression of cytolytic markers and have been detected within the lymphocyte infiltrates of different human cancers. They kill tumor cells in an antigen-specific MHC class II-restricted manner not only by cytolysis but also by release of IFNγ. Thus, CD4+ CTL are interesting tools for cure approaches in chronic viral infections and cancer, but their potential to induce immunopathology has to be carefully taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Malyshkina
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alicia Brüggemann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Annette Paschen
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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14
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Champhekar A, Heymans R, Saco J, Turon Font G, Gonzalez C, Gao A, Pham J, Lee J, Maryoung R, Medina E, Campbell KM, Karin D, Austin D, Damioseaux R, Ribas A. ERK mediates interferon gamma-induced melanoma cell death. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:165. [PMID: 37803324 PMCID: PMC10557262 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01868-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) exerts potent growth inhibitory effects on a wide range of cancer cells through unknown signaling pathways. We pursued complementary screening approaches to characterize the growth inhibition pathway. METHODS We performed chemical genomics and whole genome targeting CRISPR/Cas9 screens using patient-derived melanoma lines to uncover essential nodes in the IFNγ-mediated growth inhibition pathway. We used transcriptomic profiling to identify cell death pathways activated upon IFNγ exposure. Live imaging experiments coupled with apoptosis assays confirmed the involvement of these pathways in IFNγ-mediated cell death. RESULTS We show that IFNγ signaling activated ERK. Blocking ERK activation rescued IFNγ-mediated apoptosis in 17 of 23 (~ 74%) cell lines representing BRAF, NRAS, NF1 mutant, and triple wild type subtypes of cutaneous melanoma. ERK signaling induced a stress response, ultimately leading to apoptosis through the activity of DR5 and NOXA proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a new understanding of the IFNγ growth inhibition pathway, which will be crucial in defining mechanisms of immunotherapy response and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya Champhekar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Rachel Heymans
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Justin Saco
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Guillem Turon Font
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Cynthia Gonzalez
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Anne Gao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - John Pham
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - June Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ryan Maryoung
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Egmidio Medina
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Katie M Campbell
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Daniel Karin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - David Austin
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert Damioseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, 94129, USA.
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15
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Hor JL, Germain RN. Spatiotemporal and cell-state control of antigen presentation during tolerance and immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 84:102357. [PMID: 37331219 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Effective adaptive immunity is rendered possible by highly organized tissue architecture and coordinated cellular crosstalk. While detailed spatiotemporal analyses of antigen presentation and adaptive immune activation in secondary lymphoid tissues have been a major focus of study, it is clear that antigen presentation in other tissues also plays a critical role in shaping the immune response. In this article, we concentrate on two opposing aspects of adaptive immunity: tolerance and antitumor immunity, to illustrate how a complex set of antigen presentation mechanisms contributes to maintaining a delicate balance between robust immunity and avoidance of autoimmune pathology. We emphasize the importance of how immune cell identity, state, and location collectively determine the nature of adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh Liang Hor
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1892, USA.
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16
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Centofanti E, Wang C, Iyer S, Krichevsky O, Oyler-Yaniv A, Oyler-Yaniv J. The spread of interferon-γ in melanomas is highly spatially confined, driving nongenetic variability in tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304190120. [PMID: 37603742 PMCID: PMC10468618 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304190120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFNγ) is a critical antitumor cytokine that has varied effects on different cell types. The global effect of IFNγ in the tumor depends on which cells it acts upon and the spatial extent of its spread. Reported measurements of IFNγ spread vary dramatically in different contexts, ranging from nearest-neighbor signaling to perfusion throughout the entire tumor. Here, we apply theoretical considerations to experiments both in vitro and in vivo to study the spread of IFNγ in melanomas. We observe spatially confined niches of IFNγ signaling in 3-D mouse melanoma cultures and human tumors that generate cellular heterogeneity in gene expression and alter the susceptibility of affected cells to T cell killing. Widespread IFNγ signaling only occurs when niches overlap due to high local densities of IFNγ-producing T cells. We measured length scales of ~30 to 40 μm for IFNγ spread in B16 mouse melanoma cultures and human primary cutaneous melanoma. Our results are consistent with IFNγ spread being governed by a simple diffusion-consumption model and offer insight into how the spatial organization of T cells contributes to intratumor heterogeneity in inflammatory signaling, gene expression, and immune-mediated clearance. Solid tumors are often viewed as collections of diverse cellular "neighborhoods": Our work provides a general explanation for such nongenetic cellular variability due to confinement in the spread of immune mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Centofanti
- The Department of Systems Biology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Chad Wang
- The Systems, Synthetic, and Quantitative Biology Graduate Program at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Sandhya Iyer
- The Department of Systems Biology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Oleg Krichevsky
- The Department of Physics at Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva8410501, Israel
| | - Alon Oyler-Yaniv
- The Department of Systems Biology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
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17
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Lems CM, Burger GA, Beltman JB. Tumor-mediated immunosuppression and cytokine spreading affects the relation between EMT and PD-L1 status. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1219669. [PMID: 37638024 PMCID: PMC10449452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune resistance mediated by Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) upregulation are established drivers of tumor progression. Their bi-directional crosstalk has been proposed to facilitate tumor immunoevasion, yet the impact of immunosuppression and spatial heterogeneity on the interplay between these processes remains to be characterized. Here we study the role of these factors using mathematical and spatial models. We first designed models incorporating immunosuppressive effects on T cells mediated via PD-L1 and the EMT-inducing cytokine Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFβ). Our models predict that PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression merely reduces the difference in PD-L1 levels between EMT states, while TGFβ-mediated suppression also causes PD-L1 expression to correlate negatively with TGFβ within each EMT phenotype. We subsequently embedded the models in multi-scale spatial simulations to explicitly describe heterogeneity in cytokine levels and intratumoral heterogeneity. Our multi-scale models show that Interferon gamma (IFNγ)-induced partial EMT of a tumor cell subpopulation can provide some, albeit limited protection to bystander tumor cells. Moreover, our simulations show that the true relationship between EMT status and PD-L1 expression may be hidden at the population level, highlighting the importance of studying EMT and PD-L1 status at the single-cell level. Our findings deepen the understanding of the interactions between EMT and the immune response, which is crucial for developing novel diagnostics and therapeutics for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joost B. Beltman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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18
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Castiglioni A, Yang Y, Williams K, Gogineni A, Lane RS, Wang AW, Shyer JA, Zhang Z, Mittman S, Gutierrez A, Astarita JL, Thai M, Hung J, Yang YA, Pourmohamad T, Himmels P, De Simone M, Elstrott J, Capietto AH, Cubas R, Modrusan Z, Sandoval W, Ziai J, Gould SE, Fu W, Wang Y, Koerber JT, Sanjabi S, Mellman I, Turley SJ, Müller S. Combined PD-L1/TGFβ blockade allows expansion and differentiation of stem cell-like CD8 T cells in immune excluded tumors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4703. [PMID: 37543621 PMCID: PMC10404279 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TGFβ signaling is associated with non-response to immune checkpoint blockade in patients with advanced cancers, particularly in the immune-excluded phenotype. While previous work demonstrates that converting tumors from excluded to inflamed phenotypes requires attenuation of PD-L1 and TGFβ signaling, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that TGFβ and PD-L1 restrain intratumoral stem cell-like CD8 T cell (TSCL) expansion and replacement of progenitor-exhausted and dysfunctional CD8 T cells with non-exhausted T effector cells in the EMT6 tumor model in female mice. Upon combined TGFβ/PD-L1 blockade IFNγhi CD8 T effector cells show enhanced motility and accumulate in the tumor. Ensuing IFNγ signaling transforms myeloid, stromal, and tumor niches to yield an immune-supportive ecosystem. Blocking IFNγ abolishes the anti-PD-L1/anti-TGFβ therapy efficacy. Our data suggest that TGFβ works with PD-L1 to prevent TSCL expansion and replacement of exhausted CD8 T cells, thereby maintaining the T cell compartment in a dysfunctional state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhe Zhang
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Minh Thai
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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19
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Boulch M, Cazaux M, Cuffel A, Guerin MV, Garcia Z, Alonso R, Lemaître F, Beer A, Corre B, Menger L, Grandjean CL, Morin F, Thieblemont C, Caillat-Zucman S, Bousso P. Tumor-intrinsic sensitivity to the pro-apoptotic effects of IFN-γ is a major determinant of CD4 + CAR T-cell antitumor activity. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:968-983. [PMID: 37248395 PMCID: PMC10368531 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells and CD4+ chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells display highly variable antitumor activity in preclinical models and in patients; however, the mechanisms dictating how and when CD4+ T cells promote tumor regression are incompletely understood. With the help of functional intravital imaging, we report that interferon (IFN)-γ production but not perforin-mediated cytotoxicity was the dominant mechanism for tumor elimination by anti-CD19 CD4+ CAR T cells. Mechanistically, mouse or human CD4+ CAR T-cell-derived IFN-γ diffused extensively to act on tumor cells at distance selectively killing tumors sensitive to cytokine-induced apoptosis, including antigen-negative variants. In anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-treated patients exhibiting elevated CAR CD4:CD8 ratios, strong induction of serum IFN-γ was associated with increased survival. We propose that the sensitivity of tumor cells to the pro-apoptotic activity of IFN-γ is a major determinant of CD4+ CAR T-cell efficacy and may be considered to guide the use of CD4+ T cells during immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Boulch
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Marine Cazaux
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Cuffel
- Université de Paris Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP Nord, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR976, Institut de Recherche St-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Marion V Guerin
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Zacarias Garcia
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Ruby Alonso
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Lemaître
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alexander Beer
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Corre
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Laurie Menger
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France
| | - Capucine L Grandjean
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Florence Morin
- Université de Paris Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP Nord, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Thieblemont
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Caillat-Zucman
- Université de Paris Cité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP Nord, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR976, Institut de Recherche St-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bousso
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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20
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Kruse B, Buzzai AC, Shridhar N, Braun AD, Gellert S, Knauth K, Pozniak J, Peters J, Dittmann P, Mengoni M, van der Sluis TC, Höhn S, Antoranz A, Krone A, Fu Y, Yu D, Essand M, Geffers R, Mougiakakos D, Kahlfuß S, Kashkar H, Gaffal E, Bosisio FM, Bechter O, Rambow F, Marine JC, Kastenmüller W, Müller AJ, Tüting T. CD4 + T cell-induced inflammatory cell death controls immune-evasive tumours. Nature 2023:10.1038/s41586-023-06199-x. [PMID: 37316667 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Most clinically applied cancer immunotherapies rely on the ability of CD8+ cytolytic T cells to directly recognize and kill tumour cells1-3. These strategies are limited by the emergence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-deficient tumour cells and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment4-6. The ability of CD4+ effector cells to contribute to antitumour immunity independently of CD8+ T cells is increasingly recognized, but strategies to unleash their full potential remain to be identified7-10. Here, we describe a mechanism whereby a small number of CD4+ T cells is sufficient to eradicate MHC-deficient tumours that escape direct CD8+ T cell targeting. The CD4+ effector T cells preferentially cluster at tumour invasive margins where they interact with MHC-II+CD11c+ antigen-presenting cells. We show that T helper type 1 cell-directed CD4+ T cells and innate immune stimulation reprogramme the tumour-associated myeloid cell network towards interferon-activated antigen-presenting and iNOS-expressing tumouricidal effector phenotypes. Together, CD4+ T cells and tumouricidal myeloid cells orchestrate the induction of remote inflammatory cell death that indirectly eradicates interferon-unresponsive and MHC-deficient tumours. These results warrant the clinical exploitation of this ability of CD4+ T cells and innate immune stimulators in a strategy to complement the direct cytolytic activity of CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells and advance cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Kruse
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anthony C Buzzai
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Naveen Shridhar
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas D Braun
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Susan Gellert
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Knauth
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Joanna Pozniak
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes Peters
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Paulina Dittmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Mengoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tetje Cornelia van der Sluis
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Simon Höhn
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Asier Antoranz
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Krone
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yan Fu
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Di Yu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Essand
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kahlfuß
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Evelyn Gaffal
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Bechter
- Department of General Medical Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Florian Rambow
- Department of Applied Computational Cancer Research, Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Andreas J Müller
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Tüting
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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21
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Beck RJ, Sloot S, Matsushita H, Kakimi K, Beltman JB. Mathematical modeling identifies LAG3 and HAVCR2 as biomarkers of T cell exhaustion in melanoma. iScience 2023; 26:106666. [PMID: 37182110 PMCID: PMC10173735 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) control tumors via lysis of antigen-presenting targets or through secretion of cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFNG), which inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Improved understanding of CTL interactions within solid tumors will aid the development of immunotherapeutic strategies against cancer. In this study, we take a systems biology approach to compare the importance of cytolytic versus IFNG-mediated cytostatic effects in a murine melanoma model (B16F10) and to dissect the contribution of immune checkpoints HAVCR2, LAG3, and PDCD1/CD274 to CTL exhaustion. We integrated multimodal data to inform an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model of CTL activities inside the tumor. Our model predicted that CTL cytotoxicity played only a minor role in tumor control relative to the cytostatic effects of IFNG. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that within B16F10 melanomas HAVCR2 and LAG3 better characterize the development of a dysfunctional CTL phenotype than does the PDCD1/CD274 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Beck
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Sloot
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hirokazu Matsushita
- Translational Oncoimmunology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kakimi
- Department of Immunotherapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joost B. Beltman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author
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22
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Almagro J, Messal HA. Volume imaging to interrogate cancer cell-tumor microenvironment interactions in space and time. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176594. [PMID: 37261345 PMCID: PMC10228654 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Volume imaging visualizes the three-dimensional (3D) complexity of tumors to unravel the dynamic crosstalk between cancer cells and the heterogeneous landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tissue clearing and intravital microscopy (IVM) constitute rapidly progressing technologies to study the architectural context of such interactions. Tissue clearing enables high-resolution imaging of large samples, allowing for the characterization of entire tumors and even organs and organisms with tumors. With IVM, the dynamic engagement between cancer cells and the TME can be visualized in 3D over time, allowing for acquisition of 4D data. Together, tissue clearing and IVM have been critical in the examination of cancer-TME interactions and have drastically advanced our knowledge in fundamental cancer research and clinical oncology. This review provides an overview of the current technical repertoire of fluorescence volume imaging technologies to study cancer and the TME, and discusses how their recent applications have been utilized to advance our fundamental understanding of tumor architecture, stromal and immune infiltration, vascularization and innervation, and to explore avenues for immunotherapy and optimized chemotherapy delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almagro
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hendrik A. Messal
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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23
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Gao P, Li T, Zhang K, Luo G. Recent advances in the molecular targeted drugs for prostate cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:777-789. [PMID: 36719528 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second largest male tumor in the world and one of the most common malignant tumors in the urinary system. In recent years, the incidence rate of PCa in China has been increasing year by year. Meanwhile, refractory hormone resistance and adverse drug reactions of advanced PCa cause serious harm to patients. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to systematically review the recent advances in molecularly targeted drugs for prostate cancer and to use the retrieval and analysis of the literature library to summarize the adverse effects of different drugs so as to maximize the treatment benefits of targeted therapies. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We performed a systematic literature search of the Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases up to March 2022 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and keywords such as (prostate cancer) AND (molecular target drugs) AND (side effect) were used. No language restrictions were set on the search process, and all these results were processed independently by two authors. Consensus was reached through discussion once met with any disagreements. The primary endpoint was differential features between different molecular targeted drugs. Secondary endpoints were side effects of different drugs on the body and corresponding prognostic values. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool was used to assess the study quality in terms of sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding, the completeness of outcome data, selective reporting and other biases. We retrieved 332 articles, of which 49 met the criteria for inclusion. Included studies show that prostatic tumor cells, tumor neovascularization and immune checkpoints are the main means for targeted therapy. Common drugs include 177 Lu-PSMA, Olaparib, Rucaparib, Bevacizumab, Pazopanib, Sorafenib, Cabozantinib, Aflibercept, Ipilimumab, Atezolizumab, Avelumab, Durvalumab. A series of publicly available data suitable for further analysis of side effects. An over-representation analysis of these datasets revealed reasonable dosage and usage is the key to controlling the side effects of targeted drugs. Important information such as the publication year, the first author, location and outcome observation of adverse effects was extracted from the original article. If the study data has some insufficient data, contacting the corresponding authors is necessary. All the studies included prospective nonrandomized and randomized research. Retrospective reviews were also screened according to the relevant to the purpose of this study. Meeting abstracts as well as letters to the editor and editorials were excluded. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data analysis was based on Cochrane's risk of bias tools to obtain the quality assessment. The included randomized studies used RoB2 and non-randomized ones corresponded to ROBINS-I. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to determine relative risk (RR) and side effects between groups. The eggers' test was used to check the publication bias from variable information in the included studies. All p < 0.05 were considered to be significant, and 95% was set as the confidence interval. CONCLUSIONS With the approval of a variety of targeted drugs, targeted therapy will be widely used in the treatment of advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. Despite the existence of adverse reactions related to targeted drug treatment, it is still meaningful to adjust the drug dosage or treatment cycle to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, improving the treatment benefits of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pudong Gao
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Kuiyuan Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Guangheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China.
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24
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CD4 + T cells in cancer. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:317-329. [PMID: 36894637 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunology and immunotherapy are driving forces of research and development in oncology, mostly focusing on CD8+ T cells and the tumor microenvironment. Recent progress highlights the importance of CD4+ T cells, corresponding to the long-known fact that CD4+ T cells are central players and coordinators of innate and antigen-specific immune responses. Moreover, they have now been recognized as anti-tumor effector cells in their own right. Here we review the current status of CD4+ T cells in cancer, which hold great promise for improving knowledge and therapies in cancer.
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25
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Disrupting the phase separation of KAT8-IRF1 diminishes PD-L1 expression and promotes antitumor immunity. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:382-400. [PMID: 36894639 PMCID: PMC10042735 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00522-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have become first-line treatments in multiple cancers. However, only a limited subset of individuals achieves durable benefits because of the elusive mechanisms regulating PD-1/PD-L1. Here, we report that in cells exposed to interferon-γ (IFNγ), KAT8 undergoes phase separation with induced IRF1 and forms biomolecular condensates to upregulate PD-L1. Multivalency from both the specific and promiscuous interactions between IRF1 and KAT8 is required for condensate formation. KAT8-IRF1 condensation promotes IRF1 K78 acetylation and binding to the CD247 (PD-L1) promoter and further enriches the transcription apparatus to promote transcription of PD-L1 mRNA. Based on the mechanism of KAT8-IRF1 condensate formation, we identified the 2142-R8 blocking peptide, which disrupts KAT8-IRF1 condensate formation and consequently inhibits PD-L1 expression and enhances antitumor immunity in vitro and in vivo. Our findings reveal a key role of KAT8-IRF1 condensates in PD-L1 regulation and provide a competitive peptide to enhance antitumor immune responses.
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26
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Robbins Y, Friedman J, Redman J, Sievers C, Lassoued W, Gulley JL, Allen CT. Tumor cell HLA class I expression and pathologic response following neoadjuvant immunotherapy for newly diagnosed head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2023; 138:106309. [PMID: 36682187 PMCID: PMC9974754 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biomarkers are needed to identify patients likely to respond to neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NIT) prior to receiving definitive treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We hypothesized that expression of tumor cell HLA class I would correlate with pathologic response (PR) following NIT for primary untreated head and neck cancer. Multispectral immunofluorescence of pre- and post-treatment biopsy specimens from a neoadjuvant study of bintrafusp alfa, a dual TGF-β and PD-L1 inhibitor, was performed. RESULTS Discordant expression of tumor cell HLA class I and PD-L1 measured by multispectral immunofluorescence was observed with most positive tumor cells expressing HLA class I or PD-L1 but not both. Spatial analysis revealed colocalization between tumor parenchyma T cells and HLA class I positive tumors cells, but no clear colocalization between T cells and PD-L1 positive tumor cells. Greater pre-treatment tumor cell HLA class I expression, but not PD-L1 expression or tumor T cell infiltration, correlated with the development of a PR. Additionally, increased tumor cell HLA class I expression after NIT compared to before NIT correlated with development of a PR, whereas inconsistent changes in PD-L1 and T cell infiltration were observed after treatment in all patients. CONCLUSIONS These data provide the rationale for the study of tumor cell HLA class I expression in larger prospective studies powered to determine the performance of biomarkers of PR in newly diagnosed HNSCC patients receiving NIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Robbins
- Section on Translational Tumor Immunology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jay Friedman
- Section on Translational Tumor Immunology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jason Redman
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cem Sievers
- Section on Translational Tumor Immunology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Wiem Lassoued
- Tumor Immune Microenvironment Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - James L Gulley
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Tumor Immune Microenvironment Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Clint T Allen
- Section on Translational Tumor Immunology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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27
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Kemna J, Gout E, Daniau L, Lao J, Weißert K, Ammann S, Kühn R, Richter M, Molenda C, Sporbert A, Zocholl D, Klopfleisch R, Schütz A, Lortat-Jacob H, Aichele P, Kammertoens T, Blankenstein T. IFNγ binding to extracellular matrix prevents fatal systemic toxicity. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:414-422. [PMID: 36732425 PMCID: PMC9977683 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFNγ) is an important mediator of cellular immune responses, but high systemic levels of this cytokine are associated with immunopathology. IFNγ binds to its receptor (IFNγR) and to extracellular matrix (ECM) via four positively charged C-terminal amino acids (KRKR), the ECM-binding domain (EBD). Across evolution, IFNγ is not well conserved, but the EBD is highly conserved, suggesting a critical function. Here, we show that IFNγ lacking the EBD (IFNγΔKRKR) does not bind to ECM but still binds to the IFNγR and retains bioactivity. Overexpression of IFNγΔKRKR in tumors reduced local ECM binding, increased systemic levels and induced sickness behavior, weight loss and toxicity. To analyze the function of the EBD during infection, we generated IFNγΔKRKR mice lacking the EBD by using CRISPR-Cas9. Infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus resulted in higher systemic IFNγΔKRKR levels, enhanced sickness behavior, weight loss and fatal toxicity. We conclude that local retention of IFNγ is a pivotal mechanism to protect the organism from systemic toxicity during prolonged immune stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Kemna
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evelyne Gout
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, University Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Grenoble, France
| | - Leon Daniau
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Lao
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Weißert
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Ammann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Kühn
- Transgenic Core Facility, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Richter
- Advanced Light Microscopy Core Facility, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Molenda
- Advanced Light Microscopy Core Facility, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anje Sporbert
- Advanced Light Microscopy Core Facility, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dario Zocholl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schütz
- Protein Production & Characterization Core Facility, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hugues Lortat-Jacob
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, University Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Aichele
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kammertoens
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Charité Unversitätsmedizin, Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Blankenstein
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Rational combinations of targeted cancer therapies: background, advances and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:213-234. [PMID: 36509911 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00615-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, elucidation of the genetic defects that underlie cancer has resulted in a plethora of novel targeted cancer drugs. Although these agents can initially be highly effective, resistance to single-agent therapies remains a major challenge. Combining drugs can help avoid resistance, but the number of possible drug combinations vastly exceeds what can be tested clinically, both financially and in terms of patient availability. Rational drug combinations based on a deep understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with therapy resistance are potentially powerful in the treatment of cancer. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies and how effective drug combinations can be identified to combat resistance. The challenges in clinically developing these combinations and future perspectives are considered.
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29
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Krug J, Rodrian G, Petter K, Yang H, Khoziainova S, Guo W, Bénard A, Merkel S, Gellert S, Maschauer S, Spermann M, Waldner M, Bailey P, Pilarsky C, Liebl A, Tripal P, Christoph J, Naschberger E, Croner R, Schellerer VS, Becker C, Hartmann A, Tüting T, Prante O, Grützmann R, Grivennikov SI, Stürzl M, Britzen-Laurent N. N-glycosylation Regulates Intrinsic IFN-γ Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Immunotherapy. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:392-406.e5. [PMID: 36402190 PMCID: PMC10009756 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Advanced colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is characterized by a high frequency of primary immune evasion and refractoriness to immunotherapy. Given the importance of interferon (IFN)-γ in CRC immunosurveillance, we investigated whether and how acquired IFN-γ resistance in tumor cells would promote tumor growth, and whether IFN-γ sensitivity could be restored. METHODS Spontaneous and colitis-associated CRC development was induced in mice with a specific IFN-γ pathway inhibition in intestinal epithelial cells. The influence of IFN-γ pathway gene status and expression on survival was assessed in patients with CRC. The mechanisms underlying IFN-γ resistance were investigated in CRC cell lines. RESULTS The conditional knockout of the IFN-γ receptor in intestinal epithelial cells enhanced spontaneous and colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis in mice, and the loss of IFN-γ receptor α (IFNγRα) expression by tumor cells predicted poor prognosis in patients with CRC. IFNγRα expression was repressed in human CRC cells through changes in N-glycosylation, which decreased protein stability via proteasome-dependent degradation, inhibiting IFNγR-signaling. Downregulation of the bisecting N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (MGAT3) expression was associated with IFN-γ resistance in all IFN-γ-resistant cells, and highly correlated with low IFNγRα expression in CRC tissues. Both ectopic and pharmacological reconstitution of MGAT3 expression with all-trans retinoic acid increased bisecting N-glycosylation, as well as IFNγRα protein stability and signaling. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results demonstrated that tumor-associated changes in N-glycosylation destabilize IFNγRα, causing IFN-γ resistance in CRC. IFN-γ sensitivity could be reestablished through the increase in MGAT3 expression, notably via all-trans retinoic acid treatment, providing new prospects for the treatment of immune-resistant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krug
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Rodrian
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katja Petter
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hai Yang
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Svetlana Khoziainova
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Wei Guo
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan Bénard
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Merkel
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susan Gellert
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Simone Maschauer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Monika Spermann
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Waldner
- Department of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Liebl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Tripal
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Christoph
- Department of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Tennenlohe, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Croner
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vera S Schellerer
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Tüting
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Health Campus Immunology Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Prante
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sergei I Grivennikov
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nathalie Britzen-Laurent
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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30
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Kenski JCN, Huang X, Vredevoogd DW, de Bruijn B, Traets JJH, Ibáñez-Molero S, Schieven SM, van Vliet A, Krijgsman O, Kuilman T, Pozniak J, Loayza-Puch F, Terry AM, Müller J, Logtenberg MEW, de Bruijn M, Levy P, Körner PR, Goding CR, Schumacher TN, Marine JC, Agami R, Peeper DS. An adverse tumor-protective effect of IDO1 inhibition. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100941. [PMID: 36812891 PMCID: PMC9975322 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
By restoring tryptophan, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors aim to reactivate anti-tumor T cells. However, a phase III trial assessing their clinical benefit failed, prompting us to revisit the role of IDO1 in tumor cells under T cell attack. We show here that IDO1 inhibition leads to an adverse protection of melanoma cells to T cell-derived interferon-gamma (IFNγ). RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling shows that IFNγ shuts down general protein translation, which is reversed by IDO1 inhibition. Impaired translation is accompanied by an amino acid deprivation-dependent stress response driving activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4)high/microphtalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)low transcriptomic signatures, also in patient melanomas. Single-cell sequencing analysis reveals that MITF downregulation upon immune checkpoint blockade treatment predicts improved patient outcome. Conversely, MITF restoration in cultured melanoma cells causes T cell resistance. These results highlight the critical role of tryptophan and MITF in the melanoma response to T cell-derived IFNγ and uncover an unexpected negative consequence of IDO1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C N Kenski
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xinyao Huang
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David W Vredevoogd
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Beaunelle de Bruijn
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joleen J H Traets
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sofía Ibáñez-Molero
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan M Schieven
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex van Vliet
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar Krijgsman
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Kuilman
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joanna Pozniak
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fabricio Loayza-Puch
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra M Terry
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Judith Müller
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meike E W Logtenberg
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein de Bruijn
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pierre Levy
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pierre-René Körner
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Colin R Goding
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, OX OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Ton N Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reuven Agami
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel S Peeper
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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31
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Konishi Y, Terai K. In vivo imaging of inflammatory response in cancer research. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:10. [PMID: 36750856 PMCID: PMC9903460 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation can contribute to the development and progression of cancer. The inflammatory responses in the tumor microenvironment are shaped by complex sequences of dynamic intercellular cross-talks among diverse types of cells, and recapitulation of these dynamic events in vitro has yet to be achieved. Today, intravital microscopy with two-photon excitation microscopes (2P-IVM) is the mainstay technique for observing intercellular cross-talks in situ, unraveling cellular and molecular mechanisms in the context of their spatiotemporal dynamics. In this review, we summarize the current state of 2P-IVM with fluorescent indicators of signal transduction to reveal the cross-talks between cancer cells and surrounding cells including both immune and non-immune cells. We also discuss the potential application of red-shifted indicators along with optogenetic tools to 2P-IVM. In an era of single-cell transcriptomics and data-driven research, 2P-IVM will remain a key advantage in delivering the missing spatiotemporal context in the field of cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Konishi
- grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Kenta Terai
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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32
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Chen HA, Ho YJ, Mezzadra R, Adrover JM, Smolkin R, Zhu C, Woess K, Bernstein N, Schmitt G, Fong L, Luan W, Wuest A, Tian S, Li X, Broderick C, Hendrickson RC, Egeblad M, Chen Z, Alonso-Curbelo D, Lowe SW. Senescence Rewires Microenvironment Sensing to Facilitate Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:432-453. [PMID: 36302222 PMCID: PMC9901536 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence involves a stable cell-cycle arrest coupled to a secretory program that, in some instances, stimulates the immune clearance of senescent cells. Using an immune-competent liver cancer model in which senescence triggers CD8 T cell-mediated tumor rejection, we show that senescence also remodels the cell-surface proteome to alter how tumor cells sense environmental factors, as exemplified by type II interferon (IFNγ). Compared with proliferating cells, senescent cells upregulate the IFNγ receptor, become hypersensitized to microenvironmental IFNγ, and more robustly induce the antigen-presenting machinery-effects also recapitulated in human tumor cells undergoing therapy-induced senescence. Disruption of IFNγ sensing in senescent cells blunts their immune-mediated clearance without disabling the senescence state or its characteristic secretory program. Our results demonstrate that senescent cells have an enhanced ability to both send and receive environmental signals and imply that each process is required for their effective immune surveillance. SIGNIFICANCE Our work uncovers an interplay between tissue remodeling and tissue-sensing programs that can be engaged by senescence in advanced cancers to render tumor cells more visible to the adaptive immune system. This new facet of senescence establishes reciprocal heterotypic signaling interactions that can be induced therapeutically to enhance antitumor immunity. See related article by Marin et al., p. 410. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 247.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-An Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yu-Jui Ho
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Riccardo Mezzadra
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Ryan Smolkin
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Changyu Zhu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Katharina Woess
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Linda Fong
- Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, California
| | - Wei Luan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alexandra Wuest
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sha Tian
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Caroline Broderick
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ronald C. Hendrickson
- Microchemistry and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | - Zhenghao Chen
- Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, California
| | - Direna Alonso-Curbelo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Scott W. Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
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33
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Zhao K, Ren C, Tang D, Zhao L, Chen X, Wang Y, Xu K. The altering cellular components and function in tumor microenvironment during remissive and relapsed stages of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell treated lymphoma mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1101769. [PMID: 36761733 PMCID: PMC9905118 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1101769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells represent a highly promising strategy for B-cell malignancies. Despite the inspiring initial achievement, remission in a notable fraction of subjects is short-lived, and relapse remains a major challenge. Tumor microenvironment (TME) was proved to be aroused by CAR T cells; however, little is known about the dynamic characteristics of cellular components in TME especially during the different phases of disease after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell treatment. We took advantage of an immunocompetent model receiving syngeneic A20 lymphoma cells to dissect the changes in TME with or without CAR T-cell injection. We found that anti-CD19 CAR T-cell treatment attenuated the symptoms of lymphoma and significantly prolonged mice survival through eradicating systemic CD19+ cells. Increased myeloid subsets, including CD11c+ DCs and F4/80+ macrophages with higher MHC II and CD80 expression in bone marrow, spleen, and liver, were detected when mice reached remission after anti-CD19 CAR T treatment. Compared to mice without anti-CD19 CAR T administration, intrinsic T cells were triggered to produce more IFN-γ and TNF-α. However, some lymphoma mice relapsed by day 42 after therapy, which coincided with CAR T-cell recession, decreased myeloid cell activation and increased Treg cells. Elevated intrinsic T cells with high PD-1 and TIGIT exhaust signatures and attenuated cytotoxicity in TME were associated with the late-stage relapse of CAR T-cell treatment. In summary, the cellular compositions of TME as allies of CAR T cells may contribute to the anti-tumor efficacy at the initial stage, whereas anti-CD19 CAR T-cell disappearance and host response immunosuppression may work together to cause lymphoma relapse after an initial, near-complete elimination phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,The Key Lab of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunxiao Ren
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Donghai Tang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianxian Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,The Key Lab of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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34
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Mödl B, Moritsch S, Zwolanek D, Eferl R. Type I and II interferon signaling in colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Cytokine 2023; 161:156075. [PMID: 36323190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Traditional chemotherapy extended the lifespan of cancer patients by only a few months, but targeted therapies and immunotherapy prolonged survival and led to long-term remissions in some cases. Type I and II interferons have direct pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells and stimulate anti-cancer immunity. As a result, interferon production by cells in the tumor microenvironment is in the spotlight of immunotherapies as it affects the responses of anti-cancer immune cells. However, promoting effects of interferons on colorectal cancer metastasis have also been reported. Here we summarize our knowledge about pro- and anti-metastatic effects of type I and II interferons in colorectal cancer liver metastasis and discuss possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Mödl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Moritsch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Zwolanek
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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35
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Edmonds NL, Flores SE, Mahmutovic A, Young SJ, Mauldin IS, Slingluff CL. CD103 and periplakin are potential biomarkers for response of metastatic melanoma to pembrolizumab. Melanoma Res 2022; 32:440-450. [PMID: 36169985 PMCID: PMC9633418 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to screen for preliminary evidence of predictive markers of melanoma response to PD-1 blockade. We hypothesized that the following immune markers would be positive predictors of response: increased densities of CD103 + CD8 + T cells or Th1 lineage T-bet + T cells, high expression of CXCL9-11 and presence of tertiary lymphoid structures. Conversely, we hypothesized that the high expression of barrier molecules would be a negative predictor of response. Patients with advanced melanoma treated with pembrolizumab were identified, and clinical response as well as overall survival data were collected. Tumor samples were evaluated by multiplex immunofluorescence histology. All statistical analyses were performed in R Studio and Microsoft Excel using the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, Spearman's rank correlation and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Sixty-five advanced melanoma patients were identified, of whom 46 met inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Increased densities ( P = 0.04) and proportions ( P = 0.02) of CD8 + T cells expressing CD103 + were associated with complete response (CR) to pembrolizumab. Improved survival was associated with increased proportions of CD8 + cells expressing CD103 ( P = 0.0085) as well as decreased density of periplakin + cells ( P = 0.012) and periplakin + SOX10 + cells ( P = 0.0012). The density and proportion of CD8 + T cells expressing CD103 + positively correlated with PD-L1 expression, though PD-L1 expression was not significantly correlated with outcomes. This screening study found that increased density and proportion of CD8 + T cells expressing CD103 and decreased density of periplakin were associated with positive outcomes in patients with melanoma metastases treated with pembrolizumab and may warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adela Mahmutovic
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine
| | - Samuel J Young
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System
| | - Ileana S Mauldin
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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36
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Tatari N, Khan S, Livingstone J, Zhai K, Mckenna D, Ignatchenko V, Chokshi C, Gwynne WD, Singh M, Revill S, Mikolajewicz N, Zhu C, Chan J, Hawkins C, Lu JQ, Provias JP, Ask K, Morrissy S, Brown S, Weiss T, Weller M, Han H, Greenspoon JN, Moffat J, Venugopal C, Boutros PC, Singh SK, Kislinger T. The proteomic landscape of glioblastoma recurrence reveals novel and targetable immunoregulatory drivers. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:1127-1142. [PMID: 36178522 PMCID: PMC10187978 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by extensive cellular and genetic heterogeneity. Its initial presentation as primary disease (pGBM) has been subject to exhaustive molecular and cellular profiling. By contrast, our understanding of how GBM evolves to evade the selective pressure of therapy is starkly limited. The proteomic landscape of recurrent GBM (rGBM), which is refractory to most treatments used for pGBM, are poorly known. We, therefore, quantified the transcriptome and proteome of 134 patient-derived pGBM and rGBM samples, including 40 matched pGBM-rGBM pairs. GBM subtypes transition from pGBM to rGBM towards a preferentially mesenchymal state at recurrence, consistent with the increasingly invasive nature of rGBM. We identified immune regulatory/suppressive genes as important drivers of rGBM and in particular 2-5-oligoadenylate synthase 2 (OAS2) as an essential gene in recurrent disease. Our data identify a new class of therapeutic targets that emerge from the adaptive response of pGBM to therapy, emerging specifically in recurrent disease and may provide new therapeutic opportunities absent at pGBM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Tatari
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Livingstone
- Department of Human Genetics and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kui Zhai
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dillon Mckenna
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Chirayu Chokshi
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - William D Gwynne
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Manoj Singh
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Spencer Revill
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas Mikolajewicz
- Department of Molecular Genetics - Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chenghao Zhu
- Department of Human Genetics and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Chan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jian-Qiang Lu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John P Provias
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kjetil Ask
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sorana Morrissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Samuel Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tobias Weiss
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hong Han
- Department of Molecular Genetics - Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey N Greenspoon
- Juravinski Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jason Moffat
- Department of Molecular Genetics - Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chitra Venugopal
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Human Genetics and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Sheila K Singh
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Kemper K, Gielen E, Boross P, Houtkamp M, Plantinga TS, de Poot SAH, Burm SM, Janmaat ML, Koopman LA, van den Brink EN, Rademaker R, Verzijl D, Engelberts PJ, Satijn D, Sasser AK, Breij ECW. Mechanistic and pharmacodynamic studies of DuoBody-CD3x5T4 in preclinical tumor models. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/11/e202201481. [PMID: 36271507 PMCID: PMC9458754 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CD3 bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) show great promise as anticancer therapeutics. Here, we show in-depth mechanistic studies of a CD3 bsAb in solid cancer, using DuoBody-CD3x5T4. Cross-linking T cells with tumor cells expressing the oncofetal antigen 5T4 was required to induce cytotoxicity. Naive and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were equally effective at mediating cytotoxicity, and DuoBody-CD3x5T4 induced partial differentiation of naive T-cell subsets into memory-like cells. Tumor cell kill was associated with T-cell activation, proliferation, and production of cytokines, granzyme B, and perforin. Genetic knockout of FAS or IFNGR1 in 5T4+ tumor cells abrogated tumor cell kill. In the presence of 5T4+ tumor cells, bystander kill of 5T4− but not of 5T4−IFNGR1− tumor cells was observed. In humanized xenograft models, DuoBody-CD3x5T4 antitumor activity was associated with intratumoral and peripheral blood T-cell activation. Lastly, in dissociated patient-derived tumor samples, DuoBody-CD3x5T4 activated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and induced tumor-cell cytotoxicity, even when most tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes expressed PD-1. These data provide an in-depth view on the mechanism of action of a CD3 bsAb in preclinical models of solid cancer.
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Ribas A, Haining WN, Schumacher TNM. When Cancer Cells Become the Enablers of an Antitumor Immune Response. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:2244-2248. [PMID: 36196573 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells unleashed by the blockade of immune checkpoints have to overcome a hostile tumor microenvironment (TME). They start from very small numbers of T cells with tumor antigen specificity and, despite expansion, likely remain at a numerical disadvantage to the tumor cells they target. To overcome these obstacles, we propose that T cells need to change the TME to make it permissive for their antitumor effects by altering the phenotype of cells beyond the cancer cells they are in physical contact with. In this process, IFNγ secreted by tumor-specific T cells plays a critical role, as it changes the expression of hundreds of genes in cancer cells and other immune cells in the TME up to 40 layers of cells away from their location, effectively turning these cells into enablers of the antitumor immune response. In this perspective, we postulate that the clinical activity of cancer immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint blocking antibodies and adoptively transferred T cells requires that cancer cells facilitate the antitumor immune response. IFNγ effectively changes the balance of power in the TME to enable the antitumor activity of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Ribas
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Ton N M Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Espie D, Donnadieu E. New insights into CAR T cell-mediated killing of tumor cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1016208. [PMID: 36189315 PMCID: PMC9521365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1016208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has demonstrated striking efficacy for the treatment of several hematological malignancies, including B-cell lymphoma, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. However, CAR T-cell efficacy has been very limited in most solid tumors. In this context, it is of paramount importance to understand the determinants that condition CAR T-cell success versus failure. To control tumor growth, CAR T cells need to form conjugates with their targets via the assembly of an immunological synapse. Here, we review recent advances showing that the adhesion between CAR T cells and cancer cells from solid tumors strengthens over time in an IFNγ- and ICAM-1-dependent manner, resulting in CAR T cell-mediated killing. We discuss how these findings can be exploited to increase the efficacy of the CAR T-cell strategy against solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Espie
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CAR-T Preclinical Development Department, Invectys, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Donnadieu
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Emmanuel Donnadieu,
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40
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Corrales L, Hipp S, Martin K, Sabarth N, Tirapu I, Fuchs K, Thaler B, Walterskirchen C, Bauer K, Fabits M, Bergmann M, Binder C, Chetta PML, Vogt AB, Adam PJ. LY6G6D is a selectively expressed colorectal cancer antigen that can be used for targeting a therapeutic T-cell response by a T-cell engager. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008764. [PMID: 36159851 PMCID: PMC9493073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and demands more effective treatments. We sought to identify tumor selective CRC antigens and their therapeutic potential for cytotoxic T-cell targeting by transcriptomic and immunohistochemical analysis. LY6G6D was identified as a tumor selectively expressed CRC antigen, mainly in the microsatellite stable (MSS) subtype. A specific anti LY6G6D/CD3 T cell engager (TcE) was generated and demonstrated potent tumor cell killing and T cell activation in vitro. Ex vivo treatment of primary patient-derived CRC tumor slice cultures with the LY6G6D/CD3 TcE led to IFNγ secretion in LY6G6D positive tumor samples. In vivo, LY6G6D/CD3 TcE monotherapy demonstrated tumor regressions in pre-clinical mouse models of engrafted human CRC tumor cells and PBMCs. Lastly, 2D and 3D cocultures of LY6G6D positive and negative cells were used to explore the bystander killing of LY6G6D negative cells after specific activation of T cells by LY6G6D positive cells. LY6G6D/CD3 TcE treatment was shown to lyse target negative cells in the vicinity of target positive cells through a combined effect of IFNγ, TNFα and Fas/FasL. In summary, LY6G6D was identified as a selectively expressed CRC antigen that can be utilized to potently re-direct and activate cytotoxic T-cells to lyse LY6G6D expressing CRC using a TcE. This effect can be spread to target negative neighboring tumor cells, potentially leading to improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Corrales
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Leticia Corrales,
| | - Susanne Hipp
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Katharina Martin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolas Sabarth
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV) GmbH & Co KG., Biotherapeutics Discovery, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iñigo Tirapu
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Fuchs
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, GmbH & Co KG, Biotherapeutics Discovery, Biberach, Germany
| | - Barbara Thaler
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Walterskirchen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kathrin Bauer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Fabits
- Division of Visceral Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Division of Visceral Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carina Binder
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paolo ML. Chetta
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, GmbH & Co KG., Oncology Translational Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne B. Vogt
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul J. Adam
- Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV), GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
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Hu Y, Ding J, Wu C, Gao H, Ge M, Shao Q, Liu Y, Ye Q. Differential Expression and Prognostic Correlation of Immune Related Factors Between Right and Left Side Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:845765. [PMID: 35936748 PMCID: PMC9353740 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.845765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that colorectal cancer (CRC) should be considered a heterogeneous disease. The right side (RCC) and left side (LCC) colorectal cancer have different clinical characteristics and immune landscapes. The aim of this study was to analyze differential expression and prognostic correlation of immune-related factors between RCC and LCC. Methods The gene expression profile and clinical characteristics of CRC patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas data portal (n=525). Using a deconvolution algorithm, immune cell infiltration in RCC and LCC based on the RNA-seq data was analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by performing differential gene expression analysis. Immune-related DEGs were derived by the intersection with immune-related factors downloaded from the IMMPORT database. To further validate the findings, we applied immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of a CRC tissue microarray (TMA). The distribution of immune cells in RCC and LCC and changes in the expression of immune molecules on their membranes were verified. The expression levels of circulating cytokines were measured by flow cytometry to detect the cytokines secreted by immune cells in RCC and LCC. Furthermore, to reveal the prognostic value of differential immune factors on RCC and LCC patients, survival analysis based on mRNA levels using TCGA cohort and survival analysis using protein levels was performed using our CRC patients. Results The infiltration of immune cells differed between RCC and LCC, the infiltration degree of macrophages M0 was significantly higher in LCC, while the infiltration degree of differentiated macrophages M1 and M2, CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in RCC. The expression of related molecules by immune cells also differed between RCC and LCC. The expression of 7 genes in RCC was higher than that in LCC, which were CCR5, CD209, CD8A, HCK, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRA, respectively. Meanwhile, the expression of 2 genes in LCC was higher than in RCC, which were IL-34 and PROCR. Patients with RCC having high expression of HLA-DQA1 mRNA or proteins had better survival and LCC patients with high expression of IL 34 mRNA or protein had better survival. Conclusions In this study, we comprehensively compared differences in immune cells and regulating factors between left and right colorectal cancer. Different expression patterns and their effects on survival were identified. The analysis of immune-related factors may provide a theoretical basis for precise immunotherapy of RCC and LCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiling Ge
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Liu, ; Qing Ye,
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Liu, ; Qing Ye,
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Vermare A, Guérin MV, Peranzoni E, Bercovici N. Dynamic CD8+ T Cell Cooperation with Macrophages and Monocytes for Successful Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143546. [PMID: 35884605 PMCID: PMC9318008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Innate and adaptive immunity mutually regulate one another in a dynamic fashion during immune responses. In infectious contexts, positive interactions between macrophages, monocytes and T cells are well recognized, but this is not the case in the field of cancer, where the growth of tumors disturbs the immune response. However, recent advances revealed that successful immunotherapy profoundly remodels the tumor microenvironment, promoting the activation of both T cells and myeloid cells. This review highlights the studies that hint at positive CD8+ T cell cooperation with monocytes and macrophages in this context, and discusses the potential mechanisms behind this. Abstract The essential roles endorsed by macrophages and monocytes are well established in response to infections, where they contribute to launching the differentiation of specific T-lymphocytes for long-term protection. This knowledge is the result of dynamic studies that can inspire the cancer field, particularly now that cancer immunotherapies elicit some tumor regression. Indeed, immune responses to cancer have mainly been studied after tumors have escaped immune attacks. In particular, the suppressive functions of macrophages were revealed in this context, introducing an obvious bias across the literature. In this review, we will focus on the ways inwhich monocytes and macrophages cooperate with T-lymphocytes, leading to successful immune responses. We will bring together the preclinical studies that have revealed the existence of such positive cooperation in the cancer field, and we will place particular emphasis on proposing the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we will give some perspectives to decipher the functional roles of such T-cell and myeloid cell interactions in the frame of human cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Vermare
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France;
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Nadège Bercovici
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France;
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Z, Kong X, Ligtenberg MA, van Hal-van Veen SE, Visser NL, de Bruijn B, Stecker K, van der Helm PW, Kuilman T, Hoefsmit EP, Vredevoogd DW, Apriamashvili G, Baars B, Voest EE, Klarenbeek S, Altelaar M, Peeper DS. RNF31 inhibition sensitizes tumors to bystander killing by innate and adaptive immune cells. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100655. [PMID: 35688159 PMCID: PMC9245005 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tumor escape mechanisms for immunotherapy include deficiencies in antigen presentation, diminishing adaptive CD8+ T cell antitumor activity. Although innate natural killer (NK) cells are triggered by loss of MHC class I, their response is often inadequate. To increase tumor susceptibility to both innate and adaptive immune elimination, we performed parallel genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens under NK and CD8+ T cell pressure. We identify all components, RNF31, RBCK1, and SHARPIN, of the linear ubiquitination chain assembly complex (LUBAC). Genetic and pharmacologic ablation of RNF31, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, strongly sensitizes cancer cells to NK and CD8+ T cell killing. This occurs in a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-dependent manner, causing loss of A20 and non-canonical IKK complexes from TNF receptor complex I. A small-molecule RNF31 inhibitor sensitizes colon carcinoma organoids to TNF and greatly enhances bystander killing of MHC antigen-deficient tumor cells. These results merit exploration of RNF31 inhibition as a clinical pharmacological opportunity for immunotherapy-refractory cancers. Parallel CRISPR screens in tumor cells identify NK and T cell susceptibility genes Ablation of LUBAC ubiquitination complex sensitizes tumors to immune elimination Small-molecule RNF31 inhibition sensitizes tumor cells in TNF-dependent fashion RNF31 inhibition strongly enhances immune bystander killing
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkui Zhang
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xiangjun Kong
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten A Ligtenberg
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susan E van Hal-van Veen
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nils L Visser
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Beaunelle de Bruijn
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly Stecker
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, and Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pim W van der Helm
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Kuilman
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Esmée P Hoefsmit
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David W Vredevoogd
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Georgi Apriamashvili
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Beau Baars
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emile E Voest
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Klarenbeek
- Experimental Animal Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Proteomics Core Facility, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, and Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel S Peeper
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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High resolution microfluidic assay and probabilistic modeling reveal cooperation between T cells in tumor killing. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3111. [PMID: 35661707 PMCID: PMC9166723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T cells are important components of natural anti-tumor immunity and are harnessed in tumor immunotherapies. Immune responses to tumors and immune therapy outcomes largely vary among individuals, but very few studies examine the contribution of intrinsic behavior of the T cells to this heterogeneity. Here we show the development of a microfluidic-based in vitro method to track the outcome of antigen-specific T cell activity on many individual cancer spheroids simultaneously at high spatiotemporal resolution, which we call Multiscale Immuno-Oncology on-Chip System (MIOCS). By combining parallel measurements of T cell behaviors and tumor fates with probabilistic modeling, we establish that the first recruited T cells initiate a positive feedback loop to accelerate further recruitment to the spheroid. We also provide evidence that cooperation between T cells on the spheroid during the killing phase facilitates tumor destruction. Thus, we propose that both T cell accumulation and killing function rely on collective behaviors rather than simply reflecting the sum of individual T cell activities, and the possibility to track many replicates of immune cell-tumor interactions with the level of detail our system provides may contribute to our understanding of immune response heterogeneity. Anti-cancer cytotoxic T cell responses largely vary among individuals. Here authors show, by stochastic modeling on high throughput T cell behavior and matched tumor spheroid fate data generated by a microfluidics system, that tumor killing is dependent on T cell cooperativity, which might contribute to the heterogeneity of T cell responses.
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Attrill GH, Owen CN, Ahmed T, Vergara IA, Colebatch AJ, Conway JW, Nahar KJ, Thompson JF, Pires da Silva I, Carlino MS, Menzies AM, Lo S, Palendira U, Scolyer RA, Long GV, Wilmott JS. Higher proportions of CD39+ tumor-resident cytotoxic T cells predict recurrence-free survival in patients with stage III melanoma treated with adjuvant immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e004771. [PMID: 35688560 PMCID: PMC9189855 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapies have significantly reduced the recurrence rate in high-risk patients with stage III melanoma compared with surgery alone. However, 48% of anti-PD-1-treated patients will develop recurrent disease within 4 years. There is a need to identify biomarkers of recurrence after adjuvant ICI to enable identification of patients in need of alternative treatment strategies. As cytotoxic T cells are critical for the antitumor response to anti-PD-1, we sought to determine whether specific subsets were predictive of recurrence in anti-PD-1-treated high-risk patients with stage III melanoma. METHODS Associations with recurrence in patients with stage III melanoma were sought by analyzing resection specimens (n=103) taken prior to adjuvant nivolumab/pembrolizumab±low-dose/low-interval ipilimumab. Multiplex immunohistochemistry was used to quantify intratumoral CD8+ T-cell populations using phenotypical markers CD39, CD103, and PD-1. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 19.3 months, 37/103 (36%) of patients had a recurrence. Two CD8+ T-cell subpopulations were significantly associated with recurrence. First, CD39+ tumor-resident memory cells (CD39+CD103+PD-1+CD8+ (CD39+ Trm)) comprised a significantly higher proportion of CD8+ T cells in recurrence-free patients (p=0.0004). Conversely, bystander T cells (CD39-CD103-PD-1-CD8+) comprised a significantly greater proportion of T cells in patients who developed recurrence (p=0.0002). Spatial analysis identified that CD39+ Trms localized significantly closer to melanoma cells than bystander T cells. Multivariable analysis confirmed significantly improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with a high proportion of intratumoral CD39+ Trms (1-year RFS high 78.1% vs low 49.9%, HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.69), no complete lymph node dissection performed, and less advanced disease stage (HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.13 to 7.19, and HR 1.29, 95% CI 0.59 to 2.82). The final Cox regression model identified patients who developed recurrence with an area under the curve of 75.9% in the discovery cohort and 69.5% in a separate validation cohort (n=33) to predict recurrence status at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant immunotherapy-treated patients with a high proportion of CD39+ Trms in their baseline melanoma resection have a significantly reduced risk of melanoma recurrence. This population of T cells may not only represent a biomarker of RFS following anti-PD-1 therapy, but may also be an avenue for therapeutic manipulation and enhancing outcomes for immunotherapy-treated patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Heloise Attrill
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carina N Owen
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Bristol, Bristol Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Tasnia Ahmed
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ismael A Vergara
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew J Colebatch
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Tissue Oncology and Diagnostic Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jordan W Conway
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kazi J Nahar
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital; Mater Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ines Pires da Silva
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead and Blacktown Hospitals, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead and Blacktown Hospitals, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Serigne Lo
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Umaimainthan Palendira
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Tissue Oncology and Diagnostic Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James S Wilmott
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Analysis of the Heterogeneity of the Tumor Microenvironment and the Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response of Different Immune Subtypes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1087399. [PMID: 35401750 PMCID: PMC8984740 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1087399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The current clinical classification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cannot well predict the patient's possible response to the treatment plan, nor can it predict the patient's prognosis. We use the gene expression patterns of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma to reveal the heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma and analyze the differences in prognosis and immunotherapy response of different immune subtypes. Methods Firstly, using the hepatocellular carcinoma expression profile data of TCGA, combined with the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm, the immune enrichment of the patient's tumor microenvironment was analyzed. Subsequently, the spectral clustering algorithm was used to extract different classifications, and the cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma was divided into 3 subtypes, and the correlation between immune subtypes and clinical characteristics and survival prognosis was established. The patient's risk index is obtained through the prognostic prediction model, suggesting the correlation between the risk index and various types of immune cells. Results We can divide the liver cancer cohort into three subtypes: stromal cell activated immune-enriched type (A-IS), general immune-enriched type (N-IS), and non-immune-enriched type (non-IS). The 3-year survival rate of TCGA's A-IS is higher than that of N-IS and non-IS, and the three components are significantly different (p = 0.017). The 3-year survival rates of ICGC's A-IS and N-IS groups were higher than those of the non-IS group. The analysis of the correlation between the risk index and immune cells showed that the patient's disease risk was significantly positively correlated with cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) stimulated cell, activated stroma cell, and anti-PD-1 resistant cell. Conclusion The tumor gene expression characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma can be used as a basis for clinical patient classification. Different immune subtypes are closely related to survival prognosis. Different immune cell states of patients may lead to different disease risk levels. All these provide important references for the clinical identification and prognosis prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Paschen A, Melero I, Ribas A. Central Role of the Antigen-Presentation and Interferon-γ Pathways in Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-070220-111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to immunotherapy is due in some instances to the acquired stealth mechanisms of tumor cells that lose expression of MHC class I antigen–presenting molecules or downregulate their class I antigen–presentation pathways. Most dramatically, biallelic β2-microglobulin (B2M) loss leads to complete loss of MHC class I expression and to invisibility to CD8+ T cells. MHC class I expression and antigen presentation are potently upregulated by interferon-γ (IFNγ) in a manner that depends on IFNγ receptor (IFNGR) signaling via JAK1 and JAK2. Mutations in these molecules lead to IFNγ unresponsiveness and mediate loss of recognition and killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Loss of MHC class I augments sensitivity of tumor cells to be killed by natural killer (NK) lymphocytes, and this mechanism could be exploited to revert resistance, for instance, with interleukin-2 (IL-2)-based agents. Moreover, in some experimental models,potent local type I interferon responses, such as those following intratumoral injection of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) or TLR3 agonists, revert resistance due to mutations of JAKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Paschen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Essen, Germany
| | - Ignacio Melero
- University Clinic of Navarre (CUN) and Centre of Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERONC (Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Oja AE, van Lier RAW, Hombrink P. Two sides of the same coin: Protective versus pathogenic CD4 + resident memory T cells. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabf9393. [PMID: 35394815 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abf9393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the adaptive immune system to form memory is key to providing protection against secondary infections. Resident memory T cells (TRM) are specialized T cell populations that reside within tissue sites where they await reencounter with their cognate antigen. TRM are distinct from circulating memory cells, including central and effector memory T cells, both functionally and transcriptionally. Since the discovery of TRM, most research has focused on CD8+ TRM, despite that CD4+ TRM are also abundant in most tissues. In the past few years, more evidence has emerged that CD4+ TRM can contribute both protective and pathogenic roles in disease. A complexity inherent to the CD4+ TRM field is the ability of CD4+ T cells to polarize into a multitude of distinct subsets and recognize not only viruses and intracellular bacteria but also extracellular bacteria, fungi, and parasites. In this review, we outline the key features of CD4+ TRM in health and disease, including their contributions to protection against SARS-CoV-2 and potential contributions to immunopathology associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Oja
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - René A W van Lier
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pleun Hombrink
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Xiong H, Xi Y, Yuan Z, Wang B, Hu S, Fang C, Cai Y, Fu X, Li L. IFN-γ activates the tumor cell-intrinsic STING pathway through the induction of DNA damage and cytosolic dsDNA formation. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2044103. [PMID: 35273829 PMCID: PMC8903773 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2044103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway activation predicts the effectiveness of targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in lung cancer. Active IFN-γ signaling is a common feature in tumors that respond to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. The connection between IFN-γ and STING signaling in cancer cells has not been documented. We showed that IFN-γ caused DNA damage and the accumulation of cytosolic dsDNA, leading to the activation of the cGAS- and IFI16-dependent STING pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells. IFN-γ-induced iNOS expression and nitric oxide production were responsible for DNA damage and STING activation. Additional etoposide treatment enhanced IFN-γ-induced IFN-β and CCL5 expression. Tumor-infiltrating T cells stimulated with a combination of anti-CD3 and anti-PD-1 antibodies caused STING activation and increased IFN-β and CCL5 expression in lung adenocarcinoma. These effects were abrogated by the addition of an IFN-γ neutralizing antibody. Our results suggest that the activation of tumor-infiltrating T cells could alter the tumor microenvironment via the IFN-γ-mediated activation of STING signaling in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Xi
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiwei Yuan
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Boyu Wang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaojie Hu
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Can Fang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yixin Cai
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangning Fu
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lequn Li
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Du W, Frankel TL, Green M, Zou W. IFNγ signaling integrity in colorectal cancer immunity and immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:23-32. [PMID: 34385592 PMCID: PMC8752802 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of colorectal cancer patients are not responsive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The interferon gamma (IFNγ) signaling pathway drives spontaneous and ICB-induced antitumor immunity. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the epigenetic, genetic, and functional integrity of the IFNγ signaling pathway in the colorectal cancer microenvironment and its immunological relevance in the therapeutic efficacy of and resistance to ICB. Moreover, we discuss how to target IFNγ signaling to inform novel clinical trials to treat patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Du
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Timothy L Frankel
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Green
- Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Graduate Programs in Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Graduate Programs in Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Tumor Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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