1
|
Wang Z, Zhang Y, Li K. Nuclear miRNAs as transcriptional regulators in processes related to various cancers (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:56. [PMID: 38606502 PMCID: PMC11015916 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small nucleic acids that contain ~22 nucleotides and are considered to promote the degradation or inhibit the translation of mRNA by targeting its 3'‑untranslated region. However, growing evidence has revealed that nuclear miRNAs, combined with gene promoters or enhancers, are able to directly mediate gene transcription. These miRNAs exert a critical influence on cancer progression by affecting cell growth, migration and invasion. In this review, the direct regulation of gene expression by nuclear miRNAs at the transcriptional level was discussed and summarized, and their mechanisms of action in cancers were highlighted with reference to the various body systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fahim SA, ElZohairy YA, Moustafa RI. Favipiravir, an antiviral drug, in combination with tamoxifen exerts synergistic effect in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells via hTERT inhibition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1844. [PMID: 38246945 PMCID: PMC10800350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is one of the most successful treatments for breast cancer; however, TAM resistance continues to be a significant barrier. TAM resistance has been reported to be associated with increased expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). This enzyme shares structural similarity with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme of RNA viruses, suggesting that RdRp inhibitors may also inhibit hTERT. Favipiravir (FAV) is an antiviral drug that inhibits RdRp of RNA viruses. Thus, we propose that FAV may also elicit an antitumor effect by suppressing hTERT. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FAV and TAM on TAM-resistant breast cancer (TAMR-1). The cell viabilities were determined. The levels of CDK1/ hTERT, in addition to regulators of hTERT-targeted signaling pathways were measured. Apoptosis, migration, and cell cycle distribution were also determined. Our data revealed that the combination of TAM and FAV suppressed cell proliferation synergistically (CI < 1) and resulted in a significant change in cell migration and apoptosis. Indeed, this was associated with reduced levels of hTERT and CDK1 and shift in the cell cycle distribution. Our findings suggest that the TAM/FAV combination exhibits synergistic effects against TAMR-1 human breast cancer cells by targeting hTERT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Fahim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, 6th of October, P.O. Box 12577, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Yehia A ElZohairy
- School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, P.O. Box 12577, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab I Moustafa
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
- Microbiology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, P.O. Box 12577, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kang J, Jung H, Kim H. Prognostic value of cyclin B1 and cyclin B2 expression in breast cancer: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37016. [PMID: 38241547 PMCID: PMC10798710 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin B1 and cyclin B2 are key regulators of cell cycle progression and have been implicated in the prognostic significance of various cancers. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of cyclin B1 and B2 expression in breast cancer. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted on Pubmed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. Studies with survival data and clinicopathological parameters associated with cyclin B1 and B2 or CCNB1 and CCNB2 genes were included. Survival data and clinicopathological parameters associated with cyclin B1 and B2 expression were extracted. Pooled hazard ratios and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Subgroup analysis was conducted to assess heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 23 studies were included in the analysis. High expression of cyclin B1 was significantly associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.69, P < .01), disease-specific survival (HR = 1.71, P < .01), and disease-free survival (HR = 2.01, P = .01). High expression of cyclin B2 was associated with worse disease-specific survival (HR = 2.46, P = .02). Clinicopathological parameters did not show significant associations with cyclin B1 and B2 expressions. When data on cyclin B1 and B2 were combined, a significant age-related difference was found (odds ratio = 0.62, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provides evidence supporting the prognostic significance of cyclin B1 and B2 expression in breast cancer. High expression of cyclin B1 and B2 is associated with worse survival, indicating their potential as prognostic markers in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongwan Kang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hera Jung
- Department of Pathology, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saito A, Omura I, Imaizumi K. CREB3L1/OASIS: cell cycle regulator and tumor suppressor. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38215153 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Cell cycle checkpoints detect DNA errors, eventually arresting the cell cycle to promote DNA repair. Failure of such cell cycle arrest causes aberrant cell proliferation, promoting the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including cancer. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress transducers activate the unfolded protein response, which not only deals with unfolded proteins in ER lumen but also orchestrates diverse physiological phenomena such as cell differentiation and lipid metabolism. Among ER stress transducers, cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 (CREB3L1) [also known as old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS)] is an ER-resident transmembrane transcription factor. This molecule is cleaved by regulated intramembrane proteolysis, followed by activation as a transcription factor. OASIS is preferentially expressed in specific cells, including astrocytes and osteoblasts, to regulate their differentiation. In accordance with its name, OASIS was originally identified as being upregulated in long-term-cultured astrocytes undergoing cell cycle arrest because of replicative stress. In the context of cell cycle regulation, previously unknown physiological roles of OASIS have been discovered. OASIS is activated as a transcription factor in response to DNA damage to induce p21-mediated cell cycle arrest. Although p21 is directly induced by the master regulator of the cell cycle, p53, no crosstalk occurs between p21 induction by OASIS or p53. Here, we summarize previously unknown cell cycle regulation by ER-resident transcription factor OASIS, particularly focusing on commonalities and differences in cell cycle arrest between OASIS and p53. This review also mentions tumorigenesis caused by OASIS dysfunctions, and OASIS's potential as a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Issei Omura
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Kazunori Imaizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiao B, Xiang Q, Deng Z, Chen D, Wu S, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Wei S, Luo G, Li L. KCNN1 promotes proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer via ERLIN2-mediated stabilization and K63-dependent ubiquitination of Cyclin B1. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:809-823. [PMID: 37831636 PMCID: PMC10818095 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium Calcium-Activated Channel Subfamily N1 (KCNN1), an integral membrane protein, is thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic after hyperpolarization. However, the role of KCNN1 in tumorigenesis has been rarely reported, and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that KCNN1 functions as an oncogene in promoting breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. KCNN1 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues and cells. The pro-proliferative and pro-metastatic effects of KCNN1 were demonstrated by CCK8, clone formation, Edu assay, wound healing assay and transwell experiments. Transcriptomic analysis using KCNN1 overexpressing cells revealed that KCNN1 could regulate key signaling pathways affecting the survival of breast cancer cells. KCNN1 interacts with ERLIN2 and enhances the effect of ERLIN2 on Cyclin B1 stability. Overexpression of KCNN1 promoted the protein expression of Cyclin B1, enhanced its stability and promoted its K63 dependent ubiquitination, while knockdown of KCNN1 had the opposite effects on Cyclin B1. Knockdown (or overexpression) ERLNI2 partially restored Cyclin B1 stability and K63 dependent ubiquitination induced by overexpression (or knockdown) of KCNN1. Knockdown (or overexpression) ERLIN2 also partially neutralizes the effects of overexpression (or knockdown) KCNN1-induced breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In paired breast cancer clinical samples, we found a positive expression correlations between KCNN1 and ERLIN2, KCNN1 and Cyclin B1, as well as ERLIN2 and Cyclin B1. In conclusion, this study reveals, for the first time, the role of KCNN1 in tumorigenesis and emphasizes the importance of KCNN1/ERLIN2/Cyclin B1 axis in the development and metastasis of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Zihua Deng
- Department of General Surgery Section 5, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Daxiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Shunhong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Yaru Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Shi Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqing Luo
- Department of General Surgery Section 5, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Linhai Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han D, Wang L, Jiang S, Yang Q. The ubiquitin-proteasome system in breast cancer. Trends Mol Med 2023:S1471-4914(23)00096-5. [PMID: 37328395 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a selective proteolytic system that is associated with the expression or function of target proteins and participates in various physiological and pathological processes of breast cancer. Inhibitors targeting the 26S proteasome in combination with other drugs have shown promising therapeutic effects in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. Moreover, several inhibitors/stimulators targeting other UPS components are also effective in preclinical studies, but have not yet been applied in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. Therefore, it is vital to comprehensively understand the functions of ubiquitination in breast cancer and to identify potential tumor promoters or tumor suppressors among UPS family members, with the aim of developing more effective and specific inhibitors/stimulators targeting specific components of this system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dianwen Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zabihi M, Lotfi R, Yousefi AM, Bashash D. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases: from biology to tumorigenesis and therapeutic opportunities. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:1585-1606. [PMID: 35781526 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discussion on cell proliferation cannot be continued without taking a look at the cell cycle regulatory machinery. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cyclins, and CDK inhibitors (CKIs) are valuable members of this system and their equilibrium guarantees the proper progression of the cell cycle. As expected, any dysregulation in the expression or function of these components can provide a platform for excessive cell proliferation leading to tumorigenesis. The high frequency of CDK abnormalities in human cancers, together with their druggable structure has raised the possibility that perhaps designing a series of inhibitors targeting CDKs might be advantageous for restricting the survival of tumor cells; however, their application has faced a serious concern, since these groups of serine-threonine kinases possess non-canonical functions as well. In the present review, we aimed to take a look at the biology of CDKs and then magnify their contribution to tumorigenesis. Then, by arguing the bright and dark aspects of CDK inhibition in the treatment of human cancers, we intend to reach a consensus on the application of these inhibitors in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Zabihi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Lotfi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mandal D, Patel P, Verma SK, Sahu BR, Parija T. Proximal discrepancy in intrinsic atomic interaction arrests G2/M phase by inhibiting Cyclin B1/CDK1 to infer molecular and cellular biocompatibility of D-limonene. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18184. [PMID: 36307489 PMCID: PMC9616896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for different natural compounds for different biomedical applications especially in the treatment of cancer is at a high pace with increasing incidence of severity. D-limonene has been portrayed as one of the effective potential candidate centered to the context of breast cancer. The anticipation of its count as an effective biomedical agent required a detailed understanding of their molecular mechanism of biocompatibility. This study elucidates the mechanistic action of D-limonene channelized by the induction of apoptosis for controlling proliferation in breast cancer cells. The possible mechanism was explored through an experimental and computational approach to estimate cell proliferation inhibition, cell cycle phase distribution, apoptosis analysis using a flow cytometry, western blotting and molecular docking. The results showed reduced dose and time-dependent viability of MCF7 cells. The study suggested the arrest of the cell cycle at G2/M phase leading to apoptosis and other discrepancies of molecular activity mediated via significant alteration in protein expression pattern of anti-apoptotic proteins like Cyclin B1 and CDK1. Computational analysis showed firm interaction of D-limonene with Cyclin B1 and CDK1 proteins influencing their structural and functional integrity indicating the mediation of mechanism. This study concluded that D-limonene suppresses the proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing G2/M phase arrest via deregulation of Cyclin B1/CDK1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Mandal
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Paritosh Patel
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Suresh K. Verma
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Bikash Ranjan Sahu
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Tithi Parija
- grid.412122.60000 0004 1808 2016School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Herbal Ingredients in the Prevention of Breast Cancer: Comprehensive Review of Potential Molecular Targets and Role of Natural Products. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6044640. [PMID: 36017236 PMCID: PMC9398845 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6044640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Among various cancers, breast cancer is the most prevalent type in women throughout the world. Breast cancer treatment is challenging due to complex nature of the etiology of disease. Cell division cycle alterations are often encountered in a variety of cancer types including breast cancer. Common treatments include chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy; however, adverse effects and multidrug resistance lead to complications and noncompliance. Accordingly, there is an increasing demand for natural products from medicinal plants and foods. This review summarizes molecular mechanisms of signaling pathways in breast cancer and identifies mechanisms by which natural compounds may exert their efficacy in the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
10
|
Fan X, Zhao Z, Ma L, Huang X, Zhan Q, Song Y. PTBP1 promotes IRES-mediated translation of cyclin B1 in cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:696-707. [PMID: 35643957 PMCID: PMC9828304 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin B1 is an essential cyclin-dependent protein that involves in the G2/M transition. Multiple studies report that cyclin B1 is upregulated in cancers and promotes cancer progression. However, the mechanism of cyclin B1 upregulation remains unclear. Here we report that the 5'UTR of cyclin B1 mRNA contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) by using a bicistronic fluorescent reporter. We show that IRES can initiate the translation of cyclin B1, and the IRES-mediated translation is further activated under cell stress. Interacting trans-acting factors (ITAFs) are required by most IRES to initiate the translation. We find that PTBP1 promotes the IRES-mediated translation of cyclin B1 by binding to the 5'UTR of cyclin B1. On top of that, PTBP1 promotes the malignancy of ESCC cells. Our data suggest that the IRES-mediated translation of cyclin B1 plays an essential role in the cyclin B1 upregulation in cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021 China
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY10065USA
| | - Zitong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021 China
| | - Liying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021 China
| | | | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021 China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing100142China
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chauhan S, Sen S, Pushker N, Tandon R, Kashyap S, Vanathi M, Bajaj MS. Clinical Significance of Cyclin Expression Profiling in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:197-203. [PMID: 34657082 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) can recur, metastasize, and even cause death. Cyclins regulate the cell cycle progression at different phases and its dysregulation is associated with uncontrollable cell growth and malignant transformation of the cell. Overexpression of cyclin has been reported in various malignancies and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the role of cyclins in OSSN remains unexplored. This study has been designed to assess the prognostic significance of cyclin (cyclin B1, E1, and D1) immunoexpression in 100 OSSN patients. The targeted proteins demonstrated overexpression of cyclin B1, cyclin E1, and cyclin D1 in 55%, 37%, and 56% OSSN cases prospectively. A gradual and significant increase in the cyclin B1 (P=0.01) and cyclin D1 (P=0.005) expression was seen from Tis to the T4 category. Overexpression of cyclin B1 was associated with poor disease-free survival and worst prognosis in both early (P=0.03) as well as advanced T staged (P=0.038) OSSN patients. Overexpression of cyclin E1 was associated with worst disease-free survival (P=0.01) and poor prognosis in advanced stage OSSN patients. Our findings suggest that cyclin B1 and cyclin E1 have prognostic relevance in OSSN patients, and therefore are recommended for detecting high-risk category cases. A significant increase in the expression of cyclins from early to advanced stage indicates that cyclins play an important role in the pathogenesis of OSSN patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Radhika Tandon
- Cornea and External Disease, Cataract and Refractive, Ocular Oncology and Low Vision Services
| | | | - Murugesan Vanathi
- Cornea and Ocular Surface, Cataract and Refractive Services, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
La Rocca G, Cavalieri V. Roles of the Core Components of the Mammalian miRISC in Chromatin Biology. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030414. [PMID: 35327968 PMCID: PMC8954937 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Argonaute (AGO) and the Trinucleotide Repeat Containing 6 (TNRC6) family proteins are the core components of the mammalian microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), the machinery that mediates microRNA function in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic miRISC-mediated post-transcriptional gene repression has been established as the canonical mechanism through which AGO and TNRC6 proteins operate. However, growing evidence points towards an additional mechanism through which AGO and TNRC6 regulate gene expression in the nucleus. While several mechanisms through which miRISC components function in the nucleus have been described, in this review we aim to summarize the major findings that have shed light on the role of AGO and TNRC6 in mammalian chromatin biology and on the implications these novel mechanisms may have in our understanding of regulating gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaspare La Rocca
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: (G.L.R.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.L.R.); (V.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kariri Y, Toss MS, Alsaleem M, Elsharawy KA, Joseph C, Mongan NP, Green AR, Rakha EA. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is a poor prognostic biomarker in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:529-539. [PMID: 35124721 PMCID: PMC8960565 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2C (UBE2C) is essential for the ubiquitin–proteasome system and is involved in cancer cell migration and apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of UBE2C in invasive breast cancer (BC).
Methods
UBE2C was evaluated using the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (n = 1980), The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 854) and Kaplan–Meier Plotter (n = 3951) cohorts. UBE2C protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry in the BC cohort (n = 619). The correlation between UBE2C, clinicopathological parameters and patient outcome was assessed.
Results
High UBE2C mRNA and protein expressions were correlated with features of poor prognosis, including high tumour grade, large size, the presence of lymphovascular invasion, hormone receptor negativity and HER2 positivity. High UBE2C mRNA expression showed a negative association with E-cadherin, and a positive association with adhesion molecule N-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinases and cyclin-related genes. There was a positive correlation between high UBE2C protein expression and cell cycle-associated biomarkers, p53, Ki67, EGFR and PI3K. High UBE2C protein expression was an independent predictor of poor outcome (p = 0.011, HR = 1.45, 95% CI; 1.10–1.93).
Conclusion
This study indicates that UBE2C is an independent prognostic biomarker in BC. These results warrant further functional validation for UBE2C as a potential therapeutic target in BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousif Kariri
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, 33, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael S Toss
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Mansour Alsaleem
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Department of Applied Medical Science, Applied Collage in Unazyzah, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khloud A Elsharawy
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Chitra Joseph
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Biodiscovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Andrew R Green
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Academic Unit for Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Anticancer Effects of FDI-6, a FOXM1 Inhibitor, on Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136685. [PMID: 34206484 PMCID: PMC8269391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents an important clinical challenge, as it does not respond to endocrine therapies or other available targeting agents. FOXM1, an oncogenic transcriptional factor, has reported to be upregulated and associated with poor clinical outcomes in TNBC patients. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of FDI-6, a FOXM1 inhibitor, as well as its molecular mechanisms, in TNBC cells. Two TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and HS578T, were used in this study. The anti-cancer activities of FDI-6 were evaluated using various 2D cell culture assays, including Sulforhodamine B (SRB), wound healing, and transwell invasion assays together with 3D spheroid assays, mimicking real tumour structural properties. After treatment with FDI-6, the TNBC cells displayed a significant inhibition in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Increased apoptosis was also observed in the treated cells. In addition, we found that FDI-6 lead to the downregulation of FOXM1 and its key oncogenic targets, including CyclinB1, Snail, and Slug. Interestingly, we also found that the FDI-6/Doxorubicin combination significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity and apoptotic properties, suggesting that FDI-6 might improve chemotherapy treatment efficacy and reduce unwanted side effects. Altogether, FDI-6 exhibited promising anti-tumour activities and could be developed as a newly effective treatment for TNBC.
Collapse
|
15
|
Guo C, Gao YY, Ju QQ, Zhang CX, Gong M, Li ZL. The landscape of gene co-expression modules correlating with prognostic genetic abnormalities in AML. J Transl Med 2021; 19:228. [PMID: 34051812 PMCID: PMC8164775 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The heterogenous cytogenetic and molecular variations were harbored by AML patients, some of which are related with AML pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. We aimed to uncover the intrinsic expression profiles correlating with prognostic genetic abnormalities by WGCNA. Methods We downloaded the clinical and expression dataset from BeatAML, TCGA and GEO database. Using R (version 4.0.2) and ‘WGCNA’ package, the co-expression modules correlating with the ELN2017 prognostic markers were identified (R2 ≥ 0.4, p < 0.01). ORA detected the enriched pathways for the key co-expression modules. The patients in TCGA cohort were randomly assigned into the training set (50%) and testing set (50%). The LASSO penalized regression analysis was employed to build the prediction model, fitting OS to the expression level of hub genes by ‘glmnet’ package. Then the testing and 2 independent validation sets (GSE12417 and GSE37642) were used to validate the diagnostic utility and accuracy of the model. Results A total of 37 gene co-expression modules and 973 hub genes were identified for the BeatAML cohort. We found that 3 modules were significantly correlated with genetic markers (the ‘lightyellow’ module for NPM1 mutation, the ‘saddlebrown’ module for RUNX1 mutation, the ‘lightgreen’ module for TP53 mutation). ORA revealed that the ‘lightyellow’ module was mainly enriched in DNA-binding transcription factor activity and activation of HOX genes. The ‘saddlebrown’ module was enriched in immune response process. And the ‘lightgreen’ module was predominantly enriched in mitosis cell cycle process. The LASSO- regression analysis identified 6 genes (NFKB2, NEK9, HOXA7, APRC5L, FAM30A and LOC105371592) with non-zero coefficients. The risk score generated from the 6-gene model, was associated with ELN2017 risk stratification, relapsed disease, and prior MDS history. The 5-year AUC for the model was 0.822 and 0.824 in the training and testing sets, respectively. Moreover, the diagnostic utility of the model was robust when it was employed in 2 validation sets (5-year AUC 0.743–0.79). Conclusions We established the co-expression network signature correlated with the ELN2017 recommended prognostic genetic abnormalities in AML. The 6-gene prediction model for AML survival was developed and validated by multiple datasets. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02914-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guo
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Yue Gao
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ju
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Xia Zhang
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Li
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Street, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kashyap D, Garg VK, Sandberg EN, Goel N, Bishayee A. Oncogenic and Tumor Suppressive Components of the Cell Cycle in Breast Cancer Progression and Prognosis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040569. [PMID: 33920506 PMCID: PMC8072616 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a disease of inappropriate cell proliferation, is strongly interconnected with the cell cycle. All cancers consist of an abnormal accumulation of neoplastic cells, which are propagated toward uncontrolled cell division and proliferation in response to mitogenic signals. Mitogenic stimuli include genetic and epigenetic changes in cell cycle regulatory genes and other genes which regulate the cell cycle. This suggests that multiple, distinct pathways of genetic alterations lead to cancer development. Products of both oncogenes (including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDKs) and cyclins) and tumor suppressor genes (including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors) regulate cell cycle machinery and promote or suppress cell cycle progression, respectively. The identification of cyclins and CDKs help to explain and understand the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle machinery. During breast cancer tumorigenesis, cyclins A, B, C, D1, and E; cyclin-dependent kinase (CDKs); and CDK-inhibitor proteins p16, p21, p27, and p53 are known to play significant roles in cell cycle control and are tightly regulated in normal breast epithelial cells. Following mitogenic stimuli, these components are deregulated, which promotes neoplastic transformation of breast epithelial cells. Multiple studies implicate the roles of both types of components-oncogenic CDKs and cyclins, along with tumor-suppressing cyclin-dependent inhibitors-in breast cancer initiation and progression. Numerous clinical studies have confirmed that there is a prognostic significance for screening for these described components, regarding patient outcomes and their responses to therapy. The aim of this review article is to summarize the roles of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive components of the cell cycle in breast cancer progression and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, Punjab, India;
| | | | - Elise N. Sandberg
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Neelam Goel
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, Punjab, India
- Correspondence: (N.G.); or (A.B.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
- Correspondence: (N.G.); or (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hu Y, Cheng Y, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Wang H, Ren H, Xu Y, Jiang J, Wang Q, Su H, Zhang B, Qiu X. PCGF3 promotes the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 400:112496. [PMID: 33485844 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Polycomb Group Ring Finger 3 (PCGF3) protein has been reported to be significantly upregulated in pancreatic islet tumors and related to signal transduction; however, its detailed mechanisms and biological roles in other tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remain unclear. This study investigated the function of PCGF3 in NSCLC and further elucidated its mechanism of action. The immunohistochemical analysis of 86 selected lung cancer tissues revealed that PCGF3 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and p-TNM staging. Additionally, PCGF3 promoted cell proliferation in lung cancer by regulating CyclinB1, CyclinD1, and CDK4 expression, and also promoting their migration by regulating RhoA, RhoC, and CDC42. Furthermore, PCGF3 affected both the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway, as verified by inhibiting this pathway using LY294002. The findings of this study suggested that PCGF3 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC and could therefore be an important biomarker for treating and preventing NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Hu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Laboratory, Chengde Medical College, Hebei, China
| | - Xizi Jiang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huanxi Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongjiu Ren
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yitong Xu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiongzi Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongbo Su
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueshan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun JR, Kong CF, Xiao KM, Yang JL, Qu XK, Sun JH. Integrated Analysis of lncRNA-Mediated ceRNA Network Reveals a Prognostic Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 11:602542. [PMID: 33381151 PMCID: PMC7767998 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.602542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of malignancy and is associated with high mortality. Prior research suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the development of HCC. Therefore, it is necessary to identify lncRNA-associated therapeutic biomarkers to improve the accuracy of HCC prognosis. Transcriptomic data of HCC obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used in the present study. Differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs), including 74 lncRNAs, 16 miRNAs, and 35 mRNAs, were identified using bioinformatics analysis. The DERNAs were subsequently used to reconstruct a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. A lncRNA signature was revealed using Cox regression analysis, including LINC00200, MIR137HG, LINC00462, AP002478.1, and HTR2A-AS1. Kaplan-Meier plot demonstrated that the lncRNA signature is highly accurate in discriminating high- and low-risk patients (P < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) value exceeded 0.7 in both training and validation cohort, suggesting a high prognostic potential of the signature. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that both the TNM stage and the lncRNA signature could serve as independent prognostic factors for HCC (P < 0.05). Then, a nomogram comprising the TNM stage and the lncRNA signature was determined to raise the accuracy in predicting the survival of HCC patients. In the present study, we have introduced a ceRNA network that could contribute to provide a new insight into the identification of potential regulation mechanisms for the development of HCC. The five-lncRNA signature could serve as a reliable biosignature for HCC prognosis, while the nomogram possesses strong potential in clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Fan Kong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Gastroenterology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kun-Min Xiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Lu Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Gastroenterology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Ke Qu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Hui Sun
- Gastroenterology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xie G, Zhou Y, Tu X, Ye X, Xu L, Xiao Z, Wang Q, Wang X, Du M, Chen Z, Chi X, Zhang X, Xia J, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Li Z, Xie C, Sheng L, Zeng Z, Zhou H, Yin Z, Su Y, Xu Y, Zhang XK. Centrosomal Localization of RXRα Promotes PLK1 Activation and Mitotic Progression and Constitutes a Tumor Vulnerability. Dev Cell 2020; 55:707-722.e9. [PMID: 33321102 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα), a nuclear receptor of transcription factor, controls various physiological and pathological pathways including cellular growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Here, we report that RXRα is phosphorylated at its N-terminal A/B domain by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) at the onset of mitosis, triggering its translocation to the centrosome, where phosphorylated-RXRα (p-RXRα) interacts with polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) through its N-terminal A/B domain by a unique mechanism. The interaction promotes PLK1 activation, centrosome maturation, and mitotic progression. Levels of p-RXRα are abnormally elevated in cancer cell lines, during carcinogenesis in animals, and in clinical tumor tissues. An RXRα ligand XS060, which specifically inhibits p-RXRα/PLK1 interaction but not RXRα heterodimerization, promotes mitotic arrest and catastrophe in a tumor-specific manner. These findings unravel a transcription-independent action of RXRα at the centrosome during mitosis and identify p-RXRα as a tumor-specific vulnerability for developing mitotic drugs with improved therapeutic index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqi Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; NucMito Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Xuhuang Tu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohong Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Qiqiang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Mingxuan Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Ziwen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; NucMito Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoqin Chi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Ji Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yunxia Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zongxi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Chengrong Xie
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, China
| | - Luoyan Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; NucMito Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Karna SKL, Lone BA, Ahmad F, Shahi N, Pokharel YR. Knockdown of CSNK2ß suppresses MDA-MB231 cell growth, induces apoptosis, inhibits migration and invasion. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:1211-1226. [PMID: 33013272 PMCID: PMC7527516 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Among different types of breast cancer known, treatment of triple-negative breast cancer is a major challenge because of its aggressiveness and poor prognosis; thus, identification of specific drivers is required for targeted therapies of breast cancer malignancy. Protein Casein Kinase (CSNK) is a serine/threonine kinase that exists as a tetrameric complex consisting of two catalytic (α and /or α') and two regulatory β subunits. CSNK2β can also function independently without catalytic subunits and exist as a distinct population in cells. This study aims to elucidate the role of Casein Kinase 2β (CSNK2β) gene in cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The silencing of CSNK2β in MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in decreased cell viability and colony formation. Cell cycle analysis showed a significant arrest of cells in G2M phase. Hoechst and CM-H2DCFDA staining showed nuclear condensation and augmented intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, silencing of CSNK2β in MDA-MB-231 cells modulated the apoptotic machinery- BAX, Bcl-xL, and caspase 3; autophagy machinery-Beclin-1 and LC3-1; and inhibited the vital markers (p-ERK, c-Myc, NF-κB, E2F1, PCNA, p38-α) associated with cell proliferation and DNA replication pathways. In addition, knockdown of CSNK2β also affected the migration potential of MDA-MB-231, as observed in the wound healing and transwell migration assays. Altogether, the study suggests that CSNK2β silencing may offer future therapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibendra Kumar Lal Karna
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Lone
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Faiz Ahmad
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Nerina Shahi
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Yuba Raj Pokharel
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
RNA-binding motif protein 43 (RBM43) suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression through modulation of cyclin B1 expression. Oncogene 2020; 39:5495-5506. [PMID: 32632220 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins play key roles in the posttranscriptional regulation of mRNA during cancer progression. Here, we show that RNA-binding motif protein 43 (RBM43) is significantly downregulated in human tumors, and its low expression is correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Overexpression of RBM43 suppressed cell proliferation in culture and resulted in the growth arrest of tumor xenografts, whereas downregulating RBM43 played an opposite role. We have also demonstrated that overexpression or knockdown of RBM43 affects the cell-cycle progression of liver cancer cells. Mechanistically, RBM43 directly associated with the 3'UTR of Cyclin B1 mRNA and regulated its expression. Moreover, loss of Rbm43 in mice promoted liver carcinogenesis and HCC development after diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) treatment. Taken together, our data indicate that RBM43 is a tumor suppressor that controls the cell cycle through modulation of Cyclin B1 expression, providing evidence that RBM43 is particularly important in HCC.
Collapse
|
22
|
Shi D, Zhao P, Cui L, Li H, Sun L, Niu J, Chen M. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT molecular pathway mediated by membrane estrogen receptor GPER accounts for cryptotanshinone induced antiproliferative effect on breast cancer SKBR-3 cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:32. [PMID: 32357920 PMCID: PMC7193699 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00410-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Among which nuclear estrogen receptor (nER) negative breast cancer is always with much poor prognosis. Recently, membrane G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), a newly recognized estrogen receptor has been documented to take essential part in the development and treatment of breast cancer. The present study was designed to investigate the anti nER negative breast cancer effect of cryptotanshinone (CPT), an important active compound of traditional Chinese medicine Danshen and its possible molecular pathway. Methods The following in vitro tests were performed in nER negative but GPER positive breast cancer SKBR-3 cells. The effect of CPT on cell proliferation rate and cell cycle distribution was evaluated by MTT cell viability test and flow cytometry assay respectively. The role of PI3K/AKT pathway and the mediated function of GPER were tested by western blot and immunofluorescence. Technique of gene silence and the specific GPER agonist G-1 and antagonist G-15 were employed in the experiments to further verify the function of GPER in mediating the anticancer role of CPT. Results The results showed that proliferation of SKBR-3 cells could be blocked by CPT in a time and dose dependent manner. CPT could also exert antiproliferative activities by arresting cell cycle progression in G1 phase and down regulating the expression level of cyclin A, cyclin B, cyclin D and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). The antiproliferative effect of CPT was further enhanced by G-1 and attenuated by G-15. Results of western blot and immunofluorescence showed that expression of PI3K and p-AKT could be downregulated by CPT and such effects were mediated by GPER which were further demonstrated by gene silence test. Conclusion The current study showed that the antiproliferative action of CPT on SKBR-3 cells was realized by inhibition of GPER mediated PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings provide further validation of GPER serving as useful therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danning Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Piwen Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Lixia Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Liping Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianzhao Niu
- School of Traditional Chinese, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Meng Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lu Y, Yang G, Xiao Y, Zhang T, Su F, Chang R, Ling X, Bai Y. Upregulated cyclins may be novel genes for triple-negative breast cancer based on bioinformatic analysis. Breast Cancer 2020; 27:903-911. [PMID: 32338339 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01086-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the leading causes of death among females around the world. However, the molecular mechanism of the disease among TNBC patients remains to be further studied. METHODS In our study, four microarray data and two high throughput sequencing data were acquired from the GEO database, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TNBC and normal tissues had been analyzed. Analysis of functional enrichment and pathway enrichment of DEGs was conducted by the Funrich software, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network gained from the STRING, and hub genes were confirmed by the Cytoscape. Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) online dataset had been used to analyze DEGs of overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS In total, 1638 DEGs were gained in our study covering 984 upregulated and 654 downregulated genes. Moreover, a PPI network was constructed, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), cyclin B1 (CCNB1), and cyclin A2 (CCNA2) were found as top genes with higher node degrees. CDK1, CCNA2, and CCNB1were obviously enriched in the cell cycle. The top upregulated genes including CDK1, CCNB1, CCNA2, and PLK1 were overexpressed in TNBC, and correlated with worse OS in breast cancer. High expression of CCNB1 was correlated with worse PFS in TNBC (HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.04-1.94, P = 0.028). Besides, there was a correlation between CCNB1 and CDK1 in TNBC, as well as between CCNA2 and CDK1 (r = 0.804, P < 0.001; r = 0.577, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that cyclin CDK1, CCNB1, and CCNA2 are overexpressed in TNBC and they could act as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Lu
- Scientific Development and Planning Department, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Su
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Chang
- School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Ling
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yana Bai
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ding L, Cao J, Lin W, Chen H, Xiong X, Ao H, Yu M, Lin J, Cui Q. The Roles of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in Cell-Cycle Progression and Therapeutic Strategies in Human Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061960. [PMID: 32183020 PMCID: PMC7139603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are serine/threonine kinases whose catalytic activities are regulated by interactions with cyclins and CDK inhibitors (CKIs). CDKs are key regulatory enzymes involved in cell proliferation through regulating cell-cycle checkpoints and transcriptional events in response to extracellular and intracellular signals. Not surprisingly, the dysregulation of CDKs is a hallmark of cancers, and inhibition of specific members is considered an attractive target in cancer therapy. In breast cancer (BC), dual CDK4/6 inhibitors, palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, combined with other agents, were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently for the treatment of hormone receptor positive (HR+) advanced or metastatic breast cancer (A/MBC), as well as other sub-types of breast cancer. Furthermore, ongoing studies identified more selective CDK inhibitors as promising clinical targets. In this review, we focus on the roles of CDKs in driving cell-cycle progression, cell-cycle checkpoints, and transcriptional regulation, a highlight of dysregulated CDK activation in BC. We also discuss the most relevant CDK inhibitors currently in clinical BC trials, with special emphasis on CDK4/6 inhibitors used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+)/human epidermal growth factor 2-negative (HER2−) M/ABC patients, as well as more emerging precise therapeutic strategies, such as combination therapies and microRNA (miRNA) therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jiaqi Cao
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Hongjian Chen
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xianhui Xiong
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Hongshun Ao
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Min Yu
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (H.C.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lin Y, Fu F, Lv J, Wang M, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang C. Identification of potential key genes for HER-2 positive breast cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18445. [PMID: 31895772 PMCID: PMC6946304 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS HER-2 positive breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer with poor clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for HER-2 positive breast cancer and elucidate the potential interactions among them. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three gene expression profiles (GSE29431, GSE45827, and GSE65194) were derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GEO2R tool was applied to obtain DEGs between HER-2 positive breast cancer and normal breast tissues. Gene ontology (GO) annotation analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (David) online tool. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, hub gene identification and module analysis was conducted by Cytoscape software. Online Kaplan-Meier plotter survival analysis tool was also used to investigate the prognostic values of hub genes in HER-2 positive breast cancer patients. RESULTS A total of 54 upregulated DEGs and 269 downregulated DEGs were identified. Among them, 10 hub genes including CCNB1, RAC1, TOP2A, KIF20A, RRM2, ASPM, NUSAP1, BIRC5, BUB1B, and CEP55 demonstrated by connectivity degree in the PPI network were screened out. In Kaplan-Meier plotter survival analysis, the overexpression of RAC1 and RRM2 were shown to be associated with an unfavorable prognosis in HER-2 positive breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS This present study identified a number of potential target genes and pathways which might impact the oncogenesis and progression of HER-2 positive breast cancer. These findings could provide new insights into the detection of novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Fangmeng Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jinxing Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Mengchi Wang
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Carmona S, Brunel JM, Bonier R, Sbarra V, Robert S, Borentain P, Lombardo D, Mas E, Gerolami R. A squalamine derivative, NV669, as a novel PTP1B inhibitor: in vitro and in vivo effects on pancreatic and hepatic tumor growth. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6651-6667. [PMID: 31803360 PMCID: PMC6877102 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NV669 is an aminosterol derived from squalamine found to possess strong anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to investigate NV669’s beneficial effects on human pancreatic and hepatic cancer models and to decipher the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in tumor growth decrease upon treatment with NV669. Pancreatic (BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2) and hepatic (HepG2, Huh7) cancer cells were treated with NV669, and the effects recorded on proliferation, cell cycle and death. Results showed that NV669 inhibited the viability of cancer cells, induced cell cycle arrest and subsequently promoted apoptosis. This was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of cyclin B1 and phosphorylated Cdk1 and by a cleavage of pro-apoptotic caspase-8 and PARP-1. Taken together, our studies showed that NV669 inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic and hepatic cancer cells through the regulation of G2/M phase transition via the cyclin B1-Cdk1 complex. In vitro NV669 inhibits PTP1B activity and FAK expression. NV669 impacts on the expression of adhesion molecules CDH-1, -2 and -3 in BxPC3 and Huh7 lines that form cell monolayers. Consecutively NV669 induces cell detachment. This suggests that NV669 by inhibiting PTP1B induces cell detachment and apoptosis.
Subsequently, our in vivo results showed that NV669 inhibited the growth of pancreatic and hepatic tumor xenografts with a significant cell cycle arrest in pre-mitotic phase and an increase of tumor cell apoptosis. Therefore, NV669 may serve as an alternative anticancer agent, used alone or in association with other medications, for the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Carmona
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Institut de Neuro-Physiopathologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France
| | | | - Rénaté Bonier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Sbarra
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Robert
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN AMUTICYT Core facility, Faculté de pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Borentain
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, AP-HM, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Lombardo
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Mas
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - René Gerolami
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, AP-HM, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shi Y, Li Y, Yan C, Su H, Ying K. Identification of key genes and evaluation of clinical outcomes in lung squamous cell carcinoma using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5859-5870. [PMID: 31788059 PMCID: PMC6865087 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite progress in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer, there are limited treatment options for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), compared with lung adenocarcinoma. The present study investigated the disease mechanism of LUSC in order to identify key candidate genes for diagnosis and therapy. A total of three gene expression profiles (GSE19188, GSE21933 and GSE74706) were analyzed using GEO2R to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were then investigated using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins, and visualized using Cytoscape software. The expression levels of the hub genes identified using CytoHubba were validated using the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) database and the Human Protein Atlas. A Kaplan-Meier curve and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis were then employed to evaluate the associated prognosis and clinical pathological stage of the hub genes. Furthermore, non-coding RNA regulatory networks were constructed using the Gene-Cloud Biotechnology information website. A total of 359 common DEGs (155 upregulated and 204 downregulated) were identified, which were predominantly enriched in 'mitotic nuclear division', 'cell division', 'cell cycle' and 'p53 signaling pathway'. The PPI network consisted of 257 nodes and 2,772 edges, and the most significant module consisted of 66 upregulated genes. A total of 19 hub genes exhibited elevated RNA levels, and 10 hub genes had elevated protein levels compared with normal lung tissues. The upregulation of five hub genes (CCNB1, CEP55, FOXM1, MKI67 and TYMS; defined in Table I) were significantly associated with poor overall survival and unfavorable clinical pathological stages. Various ncRNAs, such as C1orf220, LINC01561 and MGC39584, may also play important roles in hub-gene regulation. In conclusion, the present study provides further understanding of the pathogenesis of LUSC, and reveals CCNB1, CEP55, FOXM1, MKI67 and TYMS as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Yeping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Kejing Ying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen EB, Qin X, Peng K, Li Q, Tang C, Wei YC, Yu S, Gan L, Liu TS. HnRNPR-CCNB1/CENPF axis contributes to gastric cancer proliferation and metastasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7473-7491. [PMID: 31527303 PMCID: PMC6782008 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common disease globally with high mortality rate. It is therefore necessary to develop novel therapies targeting specific events in the pathogenesis of GC. Some hnRNP family members are involved in multiple cancer biological behaviors. However, the potential function and mechanism of hnRNPR, a new molecule of hnRNP family in GC remains unknown. We found that the expression of hnRNPR was significantly overexpressed in multiple cancers compared to the normal tissues. Functionally, hnRNPR promoted cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Knockdown of hnRNPR in two type mice models, with two types of tumors models decreased the tumor aggressiveness and metastasis. Mechanistically, hnRNPR targeted oncogenic pathways by stabilizing the expression of CCNB1 and CENPF mRNA level. Knockdown of CCNB1 and CENPF abolished the hnRNPR-induced cell growth and invasion, respectively. Furthermore, the protein level of hnRNPR in the tumor was positively correlated with the expression of CCNB1 and CENPF in clinical samples. Together, these results indicate that overexpression of hnRNPR promoted the aggressiveness of GC by increasing the mRNA expression of CCNB1 and CENPF. HnRNPR-CCNB1/CENPF axis may be a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Er-Bao Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Qin
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Chou Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Shu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center of Evidence-based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Novel Thienopyrimidine Derivative, RP-010, Induces β-Catenin Fragmentation and Is Efficacious against Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050711. [PMID: 31126091 PMCID: PMC6563099 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Thienopyrimidines containing a thiophene ring fused to pyrimidine are reported to have a wide-spectrum of anticancer efficacy in vitro. Here, we report for the first time that thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-based compounds, also known as the RP series, have efficacy in prostate cancer cells. The compound RP-010 was efficacious against both PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer (PC) cells (IC50 < 1 µM). The cytotoxicity of RP-010 was significantly lower in non-PC, CHO, and CRL-1459 cell lines. RP-010 (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 µM) arrested prostate cancer cells in G2 phase of the cell cycle, and induced mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis in both PC cell lines. Mechanistic studies suggested that RP-010 (1 and 2 µM) affected the wingless-type MMTV (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathway, in association with β-catenin fragmentation, while also downregulating important proteins in the pathway, including LRP-6, DVL3, and c-Myc. Interestingly, RP-010 (1 and 2 µM) induced nuclear translocation of the negative feedback proteins, Naked 1 and Naked 2, in the Wnt pathway. In addition, RP-010 (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 µM) significantly decreased the migration of PC cells in vitro. Finally, RP-010 did not produce significant toxic effects in zebrafish at concentrations of up to 6 µM. In conclusion, RP-010 may be an efficacious and relatively nontoxic anticancer compound for prostate cancer. Future mechanistic and in vivo efficacy studies are needed to optimize the hit compound RP-010 for lead optimization and clinical use.
Collapse
|
30
|
Elkhalifa D, Alali F, Al Moustafa AE, Khalil A. Targeting triple negative breast cancer heterogeneity with chalcones: a molecular insight. J Drug Target 2019; 27:830-838. [PMID: 30582377 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1561889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive heterogeneous cancers with not yet determined conventional targeted medication. Therefore, identification of new alternatives or improved treatment options to combat this deadly disease is highly needed. On the other hand, various derived products with chalcone scaffold were historically considered excellent candidates for the development of anticancer drugs. Chalcones unique chemical structure and their substantial biological activities in cancer cells make them an extremely attractive target for the treatment of several human carcinomas including TNBCs. This review highlights the promising therapeutic role of chalcones in TNBC management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Elkhalifa
- a College of Pharmacy , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar.,b Biomedical Research Centre , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
| | - Feras Alali
- a College of Pharmacy , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- b Biomedical Research Centre , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar.,c College of Medicine , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar.,d Oncology Department , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec , Canada
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- a College of Pharmacy , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu X, Chen Y, Li Y, Petersen RB, Huang K. Targeting mitosis exit: A brake for cancer cell proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:179-191. [PMID: 30611728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transition from mitosis to interphase, referred to as mitotic exit, is a critical mitotic process which involves activation and inactivation of multiple mitotic kinases and counteracting protein phosphatases. Loss of mitotic exit checkpoints is a common feature of cancer cells, leading to mitotic dysregulation and confers cancer cells with oncogenic characteristics, such as aberrant proliferation and microtubule-targeting agent (MTA) resistance. Since MTA resistance results from cancer cells prematurely exiting mitosis (mitotic slippage), blocking mitotic exit is believed to be a promising anticancer strategy. Moreover, based on this theory, simultaneous inhibition of mitotic exit and additional cell cycle phases would likely achieve synergistic antitumor effects. In this review, we divide the molecular regulators of mitotic exit into four categories based on their different regulatory functions: 1) the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C, a ubiquitin ligase), 2) cyclin B, 3) mitotic kinases and phosphatases, 4) kinesins and microtubule-binding proteins. We also review the regulators of mitotic exit and propose prospective anticancer strategies targeting mitotic exit, including their strengths and possible challenges to their use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Newell M, Brun M, Field CJ. Treatment with DHA Modifies the Response of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells and Tumors from nu/nu Mice to Doxorubicin through Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest. J Nutr 2019; 149:46-56. [PMID: 30601995 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to reduce growth of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo; it may also benefit the action of cytotoxic cancer drugs. The mechanisms for these observations are not completely understood. Objectives We sought to explore how pretreatment of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with DHA alters gene expression with doxorubicin (DOX) treatment and confirm that feeding DHA to tumor-bearing nu/nu mice improves the efficacy of DOX. Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were subjected to 4 conditions: a control mixture of 40 μM linoleic and 40 μM oleic acid (OALA), DHA (60 μM plus OALA), OALA DOX (0.41 μM), or DHA DOX (plus OALA) and assessed for effects on viability and function. Female nu/nu mice (6 wk old) bearing MDA-MB-231 tumors were randomly assigned to a nutritionally complete diet (20 g ± 2.8 g DHA/100 g diet) containing a polyunsaturated:saturated fat ratio of 0.5, with or without injections 2 times/wk of 5 mg DOX/kg for 4 wk. Results Microarray and protein analysis indicated that DHA DOX cells, compared with OALA DOX, had upregulated expression of apoptosis genes, Caspase-10 (1.3-fold), Caspase-9 (1.4-fold), and Receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) (1.2-fold), while downregulating cell cycle genes, Cyclin B1 (-2.1-fold), WEE1 (-1.6-fold), and cell division cycle 25 homolog C (CDC25C) (-1.8-fold) (P < 0.05). DHA DOX-treated mice had 50% smaller tumors than control mice (P < 0.05). Analysis of proapoptotic proteins from tumors of DHA DOX mice showed increased Caspase-10 (by 68%) and BH3 interacting domain death agonist (Bid) (by 50%), decreased B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) (by 24%), and decreased cell cycle proteins Cyclin B1 and Cdc25c (both by 42%), compared with control mice (P < 0.05). Conclusions Supplementation with DHA facilitates the action of DOX in MDA-MB-231 cells and in nu/nu mice, which may occur via amplification of the effect of DOX on apoptosis and cell cycle genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marnie Newell
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Miranda Brun
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang HP, Li SY, Wang JP, Lin J. Clinical significance and biological roles of cyclins in gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:6673-6685. [PMID: 30349301 PMCID: PMC6186297 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s171716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Cyclins have been reported to be overexpressed with poor prognosis in several human cancers. However, limited numbers of studies evaluated the expressions and prognostic roles of cyclins in gastric cancer (GC). We aim to evaluate the expressions and prognostic roles of cyclins. Also, further efforts were made to explore biological function of the differentially expressed cyclins. Methods Cyclins expressions were analyzed by Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets, and the prognostic roles of cyclins in GC patients were investigated by the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database. Then, a comprehensive PubMed literature search was performed to identify expression and prognosis of cyclins in GC. Biological functions of the differentially expressed cyclins were explored through Enrich R platform, and KEGG and transcription factor were analyzed. Results The expression levels of CCNA2 (cyclin A2), CCNB1 (cyclin B1), CCNB2 (cyclin B2), and CCNE1 (cyclin E1) mRNAs were identified to be significantly higher in GC tissues than in normal tissues in both Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. High expressions of CCNA2, CCNB1, and CCNB2 mRNAs were identified to be related with poor overall survival in Kaplan–Meier Plotter dataset. Evidence from clinical studies showed that CCNB1 was related with overall survival in GC patients. Cyclins were associated with several biological pathways, including cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, viral carcinogenesis, and AMPK signaling pathway. Enrichment analysis also showed that cyclins interacted with some certain transcription factors, such as FOXM1, SIN3A, NFYA, and E2F4. Conclusion Based on our results, high expressions of cyclins were related with poor prognosis in GC patients. The above information might be useful for better understanding the clinical and biological roles of cyclins mRNA and guiding individualized treatments for GC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China,
| | - Shu-Yu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China,
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China,
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Premature activation of Cdk1 leads to mitotic events in S phase and embryonic lethality. Oncogene 2018; 38:998-1018. [PMID: 30190546 PMCID: PMC6756125 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0464-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation, especially faithful DNA replication and mitosis, are crucial to maintain genome stability. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)/cyclin complexes drive most processes in cellular proliferation. In response to DNA damage, cell cycle surveillance mechanisms enable normal cells to arrest and undergo repair processes. Perturbations in genomic stability can lead to tumor development and suggest that cell cycle regulators could be effective targets in anticancer therapy. However, many clinical trials ended in failure due to off-target effects of the inhibitors used. Here, we investigate in vivo the importance of WEE1- and MYT1-dependent inhibitory phosphorylation of mammalian CDK1. We generated Cdk1AF knockin mice, in which two inhibitory phosphorylation sites are replaced by the non-phosphorylatable amino acids T14A/Y15F. We uncovered that monoallelic expression of CDK1AF is early embryonic lethal in mice and induces S phase arrest accompanied by γH2AX and DNA damage checkpoint activation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The chromosomal fragmentation in Cdk1AF MEFs does not rely on CDK2 and is partly caused by premature activation of MUS81-SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease complexes, as well as untimely onset of chromosome condensation followed by nuclear lamina disassembly. We provide evidence that tumor development in liver expressing CDK1AF is inhibited. Interestingly, the regulatory mechanisms that impede cell proliferation in CDK1AF expressing cells differ partially from the actions of the WEE1 inhibitor, MK-1775, with p53 expression determining the sensitivity of cells to the drug response. Thus, our work highlights the importance of improved therapeutic strategies for patients with various cancer types and may explain why some patients respond better to WEE1 inhibitors.
Collapse
|
35
|
Li MX, Jin LT, Wang TJ, Feng YJ, Pan CP, Zhao DM, Shao J. Identification of potential core genes in triple negative breast cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4105-4112. [PMID: 30140156 PMCID: PMC6054764 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s166567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor clinical outcome and limited treatment options. Lacking molecular targets, chemotherapy is the main adjuvant treatment for TNBC patients. Materials and methods To explore potential therapeutic targets for TNBC, we analyzed three microarray datasets (GSE38959, GSE45827, and GSE65194) derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The GEO2R tool was used to screen out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TNBC and normal tissue. Gene Ontology function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery to identify the pathways and functional annotation of DEGs. Protein–protein interaction of these DEGs was analyzed based on the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database and visualized by Cytoscape software. In addition, we used the online Kaplan–Meier plotter survival analysis tool to evaluate the prognostic value of hub genes expression in breast cancer patients. Results A total of 278 upregulated DEGs and 173 downregulated DEGs were identified. Among them, ten hub genes with a high degree of connectivity were picked out. Overexpression of these hub genes was associated with unfavorable prognosis of breast cancer, especially, CCNB1 overexpression was observed and indicated poor outcome of TNBC. Conclusion Our study suggests that CCNB1 was overexpressed in TNBC compared with normal breast tissue, and overexpression of CCNB1 was an unfavorable prognostic factor of TNBC patients. Further study is needed to explore the value of CCNB1 in the treatment of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man-Xiu Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Li-Ting Jin
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Tie-Jun Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yao-Jun Feng
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Cui-Ping Pan
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Dei-Mian Zhao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yazdani S, Kasajima A, Onodera Y, McNamara KM, Ise K, Nakamura Y, Tachibana T, Motoi F, Unno M, Sasano H. Progesterone arrested cell cycle progression through progesterone receptor isoform A in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 178:243-253. [PMID: 29331723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (Pan-NEN) progesterone signaling has been shown to have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on cell proliferation. The ability of progesterone to inhibit tumor proliferation is of particular interest and is suggested to be mediated through the less abundantly expressed progesterone receptor (PR) isoform A (PRA). To date the mechanistic processes underlying this inhibition of proliferation remain unclear. To examine the mechanism of PRA actions, the human Pan-NEN cell line QGP-1, that endogenously expresses PR isoform B (PRB) without PRA, was transfected with PRA. PRA transfection suppressed the majority of cell cycle related genes increased by progesterone including cyclin A2 (CCNA2), cyclin B1 (CCNB1), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Importantly, following progesterone administration cell cycle distribution was shifted to S and G2/M phases in the naïve cell line but in PRA-transfected cells, this effect was suppressed. To see if these mechanistic insights were confirmed in patient samples PRA, PRB, CCNA2, CCNB, CDK1 and CDK2 immunoreactivities were assessed in Pan-NEN cases. Higher levels of cell cycle markers were associated with higher WHO grade tumors and correlations between the markers suggested formation of cyclin/CDK activated complexes in S and G2/M phases. PRA expression was associated with inverse correlation of all cell cycle markers. Collectively, these results indicate that progesterone signals through PRA negatively regulates cell cycle progression through suppressing S and G2/M phases and downregulation of cell cycle phases specific cyclins/CDKs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Yazdani
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kasajima
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Onodera
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keely May McNamara
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazue Ise
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Tachibana
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fuyuhiko Motoi
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ye C, Wang J, Wu P, Li X, Chai Y. Prognostic role of cyclin B1 in solid tumors: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2224-2232. [PMID: 27903976 PMCID: PMC5356794 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin B1 is a key mitotic cyclin in the G2-M phase transition of the cell cycle and is overexpressed in various malignant tumors. Numerous studies have reported contradictory evidences of the correlation between cyclin B1 expression and prognosis in human solid tumors. To address this discrepancy, we conducted a meta-analysis with 17 published studies searched from PubMed and Medline. Cyclin B1 overexpression was significantly associated with poor 3-year overall survival (OS) (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.20 to 3.50, P = 0.009) and 5-year OS (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.33 to 3.36, P = 0.002) of solid tumors. Subgroup analysis revealed that elevated cyclin B1 expression was associated with worse prognosis of lung cancer and esophageal cancer but better prognosis of colorectal cancer. In summary, overexpression of cyclin B1 is correlated with poor survival in most solid tumors, which suggests that the expression status of cyclin B1 is a significant prognostic parameter in solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Pin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ying Chai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
IL-37 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma growth by converting pSmad3 signaling from JNK/pSmad3L/c-Myc oncogenic signaling to pSmad3C/P21 tumor-suppressive signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85079-85096. [PMID: 27835881 PMCID: PMC5356721 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-37 has been characterized as a fundamental inhibitor of innate immunity and a tumor suppressor in several cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of IL-37 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unclear. In this study we found IL-37 expression was down-regulated in human HCC tissues and cell lines, and was negatively correlated with tumor size, vascular invasion, as well as overall-survial and disease-free survival (OS and DFS) of HCC. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that IL-37 was an independent prognostic indicator for OS and DFS in HCC. Functional studies further showed that IL-37 overexpression significantly suppressed tumor growth by confining HCC to G2/M cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we determined that IL-37 promoted Smad3 phospho-isoform signaling conversion from JNK/pSmad3L/c-Myc oncogenic signaling to pSmad3C/p21 tumor-suppressive signaling. Consistently, we detected a significant negative correlation between IL-37 expression and pSmad3L levels in a cohort of HCC biopsies; and the expression of pSmad3L predicted poorer outcome. These data highlight the importance of IL-37 in the cell proliferation and progression of HCC, and suggests that IL-37 may be a valuable biomarker for HCC prognosis.
Collapse
|
39
|
Nunes AT, Collyar DE, Harris LN. Gene Expression Assays for Early-Stage Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Understanding the Differences. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2017; 1:pkx008. [PMID: 31360834 PMCID: PMC6649766 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkx008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are frequently used to guide decisions for treatment of early-stage estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor–positive (ER/PR+) invasive breast cancers and have been incorporated into guidelines. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2016 guideline and a 2017 update were recently published to help clinicians use the tests available. ASCO currently recommends five tests that show evidence of clinical utility based on the parameters defined in the guideline. These include the 21-gene assay (Oncotype DX), Prediction of Analysis of Microarray-50 (PAM50), 12-gene risk score (Endopredict), Breast Cancer Index (BCI), and, most recently, the 70-gene assay (Mammaprint). However, discordance is often seen when the results of these gene assays are compared in a particular patient, for a number of reasons: the assays were initially developed to answer different questions, and the molecular makeup of each signature reflects this; the patient populations that were studied also differed and may not reflect the patient being tested; furthermore, the study design and statistical analysis varied between each test, leading to different scoring scales that may not be comparable. In this review, the background on the development and validation of these assays is discussed, and studies comparing them are reviewed. To provide guidance on which test to choose, the studies that support the level of evidence for clinical utility are presented. However, the choice of a particular test will also be influenced by socioeconomic factors, clinical factors, and patient preferences. We hope that a better understanding of the scientific and clinical rationale for each test will allow patients and providers to make optimal decisions for treatment of early-stage ER/PR+ breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tablante Nunes
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (ATN); Patient Advocates in Research (PAIR), Danville, CA (DEC); National Cancer Institute, Cancer Diagnosis Program, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD (LNH)
| | - Deborah E Collyar
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (ATN); Patient Advocates in Research (PAIR), Danville, CA (DEC); National Cancer Institute, Cancer Diagnosis Program, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD (LNH)
| | - Lyndsay N Harris
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (ATN); Patient Advocates in Research (PAIR), Danville, CA (DEC); National Cancer Institute, Cancer Diagnosis Program, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD (LNH)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bai J, Li Y, Zhang G. Cell cycle regulation and anticancer drug discovery. Cancer Biol Med 2017; 14:348-362. [PMID: 29372101 PMCID: PMC5785171 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular growth, development, and differentiation are tightly controlled by a conserved biological mechanism: the cell cycle. This cycle is primarily regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin complexes, checkpoint kinases, and CDK inhibitors. Deregulation of the cell cycle is a hallmark of the transformation of normal cells into tumor cells. Given its importance in tumorigenesis, several cell cycle inhibitors have emerged as potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of cancers-both as single-agent therapy and in combination with traditional cytotoxic or molecular targeting agents. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying cell cycle regulation and present small-molecule anticancer drugs that are under development, including both pan-CDK inhibitors and CDK4/6-selective inhibitors. In addition, we provide an outline of some promising CDK inhibitors currently in preclinical and clinical trials that target cell cycle abnormalities in various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Bai
- Department of Oncology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yaochen Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou 515041, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Saikosaponin-d, a calcium mobilizing agent, sensitizes chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by facilitating mitochondrial fission and G2/M arrest. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99825-99840. [PMID: 29245943 PMCID: PMC5725134 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) and its derivatives are first line anti-cancer drugs for ovarian cancer (OVCA). However, chemoresistance due to high incidence of p53 mutations leads to poor clinical prognosis. Saikosaponin-d (Ssd), a saponin from a herbal plant extract, has been shown to induce cell death and sensitize chemoresistant cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we demonstrated that Ssd sensitized chemoresistant OVCA cells with either p53-wt, -mutant and -null to CDDP. The action of Ssd appears to be through induction of mitochondrial fragmentation and G2/M arrest. Ssd is mediated via calcium signaling, up-regulation of the mitochondrial fission proteins Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), and loss in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, in the presence of CDDP, Ssd also down-regulates protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 D (PPM1D) and increases the phosphorylation of checkpoint protein kinases (Chk) 1, cell division cycle 25c (Cdc25c) and Cyclin dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1). Our findings suggest that Ssd could sensitize OVCA to CDDP independent of the p53 status through multiple signaling pathways. They support the notion that Ssd may be a novel adjuvant for the treatment of chemoresistant OVCA.
Collapse
|
42
|
Defective Cyclin B1 Induction in Trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) Acquired Resistance in HER2-positive Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:7006-7019. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
43
|
Sun X, Zhangyuan G, Shi L, Wang Y, Sun B, Ding Q. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of cyclin B expression in patients with breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6860. [PMID: 28489780 PMCID: PMC5428614 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin B plays a crucial role in cancer cell cycle progression and is overexpressed in many human cancers, including breast cancer. However, the prognostic value of cyclin B expression in breast cancer is controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of cyclin B expression in breast cancer. METHODS We searched PubMed, web of science, and Embase databases to retrieve the publications investigating the association between cyclin B expression and clinicopathological/prognostic significance in breast cancer patients. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the effects. RESULTS Ten studies with 2366 breast cancer patients were included to evaluate the association between cyclin B expression and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and clinicopathological parameters. The results showed that cyclin B overexpression in breast cancer patients was significantly associated with both poor OS (univariate analysis: HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.72-3.30, P < .001), DFS (univariate analysis: HR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.50-2.32, P < .001; multivariate analysis: HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.22-2.52, P = .003), and DSS (multivariate analysis: HR = 5.42, 95% CI = 2.15-13.66, P < .001). Additionally, cyclin B overexpression was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.03-6.46, P = .017). CONCLUSION Cyclin B overexpression appears to be an independent potential prognostic marker to DSS and DFS for breast cancer. Further studies with large sample size are needed to dissect the relationship between cyclin B and clinicopathological features or prognosis of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Sun
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
| | - Guangyan Zhangyuan
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Vaissière A, Aldrian G, Konate K, Lindberg MF, Jourdan C, Telmar A, Seisel Q, Fernandez F, Viguier V, Genevois C, Couillaud F, Boisguerin P, Deshayes S. A retro-inverso cell-penetrating peptide for siRNA delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:34. [PMID: 28454579 PMCID: PMC5410048 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are powerful tools to control gene expression. However, due to their poor cellular permeability and stability, their therapeutic development requires a specific delivery system. Among them, cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have been shown to transfer efficiently siRNA inside the cells. Recently we developed amphipathic peptides able to self-assemble with siRNAs as peptide-based nanoparticles and to transfect them into cells. However, despite the great potential of these drug delivery systems, most of them display a low resistance to proteases. Results Here, we report the development and characterization of a new CPP named RICK corresponding to the retro-inverso form of the CADY-K peptide. We show that RICK conserves the main biophysical features of its L-parental homologue and keeps the ability to associate with siRNA in stable peptide-based nanoparticles. Moreover the RICK:siRNA self-assembly prevents siRNA degradation and induces inhibition of gene expression. Conclusions This new approach consists in a promising strategy for future in vivo application, especially for targeted anticancer treatment (e.g. knock-down of cell cycle proteins).RICK-based nanoparticles: RICK peptides and siRNA self-assemble in peptide-based nanoparticles to penetrate into the cells and to induce target protein knock-down. ![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-017-0269-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Vaissière
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Gudrun Aldrian
- Sys2Diag, UMR 9005-CNRS/ALCEDIAG, 1682 Rue de la Valsiere, 34184, Montpellier, France
| | - Karidia Konate
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Mattias F Lindberg
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Carole Jourdan
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony Telmar
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Quentin Seisel
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Fernandez
- Microscopie Électronique et Analytique, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Viguier
- Microscopie Électronique et Analytique, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Coralie Genevois
- EA 7435 IMOTION (Imagerie moléculaire et thérapies innovantes en oncologie), Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Franck Couillaud
- EA 7435 IMOTION (Imagerie moléculaire et thérapies innovantes en oncologie), Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Prisca Boisguerin
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Deshayes
- Centre de Recherche de Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Soo HC, Chung FFL, Lim KH, Yap VA, Bradshaw TD, Hii LW, Tan SH, See SJ, Tan YF, Leong CO, Mai CW. Cudraflavone C Induces Tumor-Specific Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells through Inhibition of the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)-AKT Pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170551. [PMID: 28107519 PMCID: PMC5249192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cudraflavone C (Cud C) is a naturally-occurring flavonol with reported anti-proliferative activities. However, the mechanisms by which Cud C induced cytotoxicity have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the effects of Cud C on cell proliferation, caspase activation andapoptosis induction in colorectal cancer cells (CRC). We show that Cud C inhibits cell proliferation in KM12, Caco-2, HT29, HCC2998, HCT116 and SW48 CRC but not in the non-transformed colorectal epithelial cells, CCD CoN 841. Cud C induces tumor-selective apoptosis via mitochondrial depolarization and activation of the intrinsic caspase pathway. Gene expression profiling by microarray analyses revealed that tumor suppressor genes EGR1, HUWE1 and SMG1 were significantly up-regulated while oncogenes such as MYB1, CCNB1 and GPX2 were down-regulated following treatment with Cud C. Further analyses using Connectivity Map revealed that Cud C induced a gene signature highly similar to that of protein synthesis inhibitors and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT inhibitors, suggesting that Cud C might inhibit PI3K-AKT signaling. A luminescent cell free PI3K lipid kinase assay revealed that Cud C significantly inhibited p110β/p85α PI3K activity, followed by p120γ, p110δ/p85α, and p110α/p85α PI3K activities. The inhibition by Cud C on p110β/p85α PI3K activity was comparable to LY-294002, a known PI3K inhibitor. Cud C also inhibited phosphorylation of AKT independent of NFκB activity in CRC cells, while ectopic expression of myristoylated AKT completely abrogated the anti-proliferative effects, and apoptosis induced by Cud C in CRC. These findings demonstrate that Cud C induces tumor-selective cytotoxicity by targeting the PI3K-AKT pathway. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of action of Cud C, and indicate that Cud C further development of Cud C derivatives as potential therapeutic agents is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chuen Soo
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Veronica Alicia Yap
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tracey D. Bradshaw
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ling-Wei Hii
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Si-Hoey Tan
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sze-Jia See
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yuen-Fen Tan
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chun-Wai Mai
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang F, Lin JD, Zuo XY, Zhuang YX, Hong CQ, Zhang GJ, Cui XJ, Cui YK. Elevated transcriptional levels of aldolase A (ALDOA) associates with cell cycle-related genes in patients with NSCLC and several solid tumors. BioData Min 2017; 10:6. [PMID: 28191039 PMCID: PMC5297095 DOI: 10.1186/s13040-016-0122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldolase A (ALDOA) is one of the glycolytic enzymes primarily found in the developing embryo and adult muscle. Recently, a new role of ALDOA in several cancers has been proposed. However, the underlying mechanism remains obscure and inconsistent. In this study, we tried to investigate ALDOA-associated (AA) genes using available microarray datasets to help elucidating the role of ALDOA in cancer. RESULTS In the dataset of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC, E-GEOD-19188), 3448 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including ALDOA were identified, in which 710 AA genes were found to be positively associated with ALDOA. Then according to correlation coefficients between each pair of AA genes, ALDOA-associated gene co-expression network (GCN) was constructed including 182 nodes and 1619 edges. 11 clusters out of GCN were detected by ClusterOne plugin in Cytoscape, and only 3 of them have more than three nodes. These three clusters were functionally enriched. A great number of genes (43/79, 54.4%) in the biggest cluster (Cluster 1) primarily involved in biological process like cell cycle process (Pa = 6.76E-26), mitotic cell cycle (Pa = 4.09E-19), DNA repair (Pa = 1.13E-04), M phase of meiotic cell cycle (Pa = 0.006), positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity during mitotic cell cycle (Pa = 0.014). AA genes with highest degree and betweenness were considered as hub genes of GCN, namely CDC20, MELK, PTTG1, CCNB2, CDC45, CCNB1, TK1 and PSMB2, which could distinguish cancer from normal controls with ALDOA. Their positive association with ALDOA remained after removing the effect of HK2 and PKM, the two rate limiting enzymes in glycolysis. Further, knocking down ALDOA blocked breast cancer cells in the G0/G1 phase under minimized glycolysis. All suggested that ALDOA might affect cell cycle progression independent of glycolysis. RT-qPCR detection confirmed the relationship of ALDOA with CDC45 and CCNB2 in breast tumors. High expression of the hub genes indicated poor outcome in NSCLC. ALDOA could improve their predictive power. CONCLUSIONS ALDOA could contribute to the progress of cancer, at least partially through its association with genes relevant to cell cycle independent of glycolysis. AA genes plus ALDOA represent a potential new signature for development and prognosis in several cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Jie-Diao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zuo
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Chao-Qun Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Cui
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Yu-Kun Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Rajput S, Khera N, Guo Z, Hoog J, Li S, Ma CX. Inhibition of cyclin dependent kinase 9 by dinaciclib suppresses cyclin B1 expression and tumor growth in triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:56864-56875. [PMID: 27486754 PMCID: PMC5302958 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are potential cancer therapeutic targets because of their critical role in promoting cell growth. Dinaciclib is a novel CDK inhibitor currently under clinical evaluation for the treatment of advanced malignancies. In this study, we demonstrated the anti-tumor activity of dinaciclib in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patient derived xenograft (PDX) and cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with dinaciclib induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and marked apoptosis. These changes were accompanied by reduced phosphorylation of CDK1 and retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and decreased protein levels of cyclin B1, cMYC and survivin. We further demonstrated that siRNA knockdown of CDK9, the kinase subunit of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), instead of CDK1 or CDK2, reduced the levels of cyclin B1 and MYC in TNBC cell lines. These data support the importance of CDK9, in addition to CDK1, in mediating the growth inhibitory effect of dinaciclib in TNBC. Further investigation of CDK9 as a therapeutic target in TNBC is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rajput
- Section of Medical Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nimmish Khera
- Section of Medical Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zhanfang Guo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeremy Hoog
- Section of Medical Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Section of Medical Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cynthia X. Ma
- Section of Medical Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin YW, Tai SH, Chang CC, Chao LC, Wen MJ, Huang YH, Hung HY, Lee EJ. Application of flow cytometry for evaluating clinical prognosis and histopathological grade of human glioma. Neurol Res 2016; 38:625-33. [PMID: 27264544 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2016.1190119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Flow cytometry was applied to predict the biological parameters of tumor behavior based on the DNA content distribution of tumors. We used flow cytometry to determine the number of cell cycles for the characterization of intracranial gliomas and its possible prognostic role. METHODS Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content was performed for 37 fresh operative glioma specimens. The expression of Ki-67 in glioma specimens was detected using immunohistochemistry staining. The check points of G2/M-phase fractions, cyclin B, and pCdk1 (Y15) were analyzed using Western immunoblotting. RESULTS Compared to low-grade (grade I/II) gliomas, significant differences in the Ki-67, cyclin B, G2/M-phase, and S+G2/M-phase expressions were found in high-grade (grade III/IV) gliomas. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated optimal cutoff points for the G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase fractions of 13.47 and 17.26%, respectively, which can be used to differentiate cases with low- and high-grade gliomas. Additionally, both G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase fractions had significant association with the expression of Ki-67 in the gliomas. The gliomas were classified by the DNA content. We found that patients with high-grade glioma had worse survival rate than patients with low-grade glioma. Meanwhile, ROC curve analysis gave cutoffs for G2/M-phase of 9.4% and for S+G2/M-phase fractions of 15.04% as best predicting survival. The patients with glioma had poor survival when the levels of G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase were more than 9.4 and 15.04%, respectively. In contrast, no significant association between the DNA content of glioma patients and their age, tumor recurrence, and tumor size was found. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that flow cytometry analysis for G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase fractions can be used for tumor grading for rapidly differentiating low- from high-grade gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Lin
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tai
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Che-Chao Chang
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chun Chao
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Miin-Jye Wen
- b Department of Statistics , College of Management, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Huang
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- c School of Pharmacy , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - E-Jian Lee
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Roskoski R. Cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitors including palbociclib as anticancer drugs. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:249-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
50
|
Huang L, Peng Y, Zhong G, Xie W, Dong W, Wang B, Chen X, Gu P, He W, Wu S, Lin T, Huang J. PBRM1 suppresses bladder cancer by cyclin B1 induced cell cycle arrest. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16366-78. [PMID: 25978027 PMCID: PMC4599275 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that dys-regulation of PBRM1 contributes to tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the biological function of PBRM1 in the development or progression of bladder cancer. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the pathophysiological role of PBRM1 in bladder cancer. We assessed the expression of PBRM1 in 64 bladder cancer tissue samples with matching normal tissues. We explored the biological functions of PBRM1 both in vitro and in vivo. Mutational status of PBRM1 was analyzed. Effect of PBRM1 on cell cycle was evaluated. qRT-PCR and Western blot were carried out to evaluate the expression of cyclins affected by PBRM1. Our results showed that PBRM1 expression was significantly reduced in bladder cancer cells and tissues compared to their normal counterparts. The reduced expression of PBRM1 was associated with advanced tumor stage, low differentiation grade and worse patient outcome. Further functional analysis demonstrated that PBRM1 suppressed bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration, colony formation in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Genetic alteration analysis showed no amino-acid sequence altering mutations. We found that PBRM1 could block the G2/M transition by repressing cyclin B1. Our data indicated that PBRM1 functions as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer by repressing cyclin B1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Guangzheng Zhong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Weibin Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Peng Gu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wang He
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shaoxu Wu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| |
Collapse
|