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Lei J, Sun P, Sheng J, Wang H, Xie Y, Song J. The intricate role of annexin A2 in kidney: a comprehensive review. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2273427. [PMID: 37955107 PMCID: PMC10653649 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2273427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (Anxa2) is a calcium (Ca2+)-regulated phospholipid binding protein composed of a variable N-terminus and a conserved core domain. This protein has been widely found in many tissues and fluids, including tubule cells, glomerular epithelial cells, renal vessels, and urine. In acute kidney injury, the expression level of this protein is markedly elevated in response to acute stress. Moreover, Anxa2 is a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target with prognostic value in chronic kidney disease. In addition, Anxa2 is associated not only with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma differentiation but also the formation of calcium-related nephrolithiasis. In this review, we discuss the characteristics and functions of Anxa2 and focus on recent reports on the role of Anxa2 in the kidney, which may be useful for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lei
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Sheng
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hongri Wang
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Xie
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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2
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Yousuf S, Qiu M, Voith von Voithenberg L, Hulkkonen J, Macinkovic I, Schulz AR, Hartmann D, Mueller F, Mijatovic M, Ibberson D, AlHalabi KT, Hetzer J, Anders S, Brüne B, Mei HE, Imbusch CD, Brors B, Heikenwälder M, Gaida MM, Büchler MW, Weigert A, Hackert T, Roth S. Spatially Resolved Multi-Omics Single-Cell Analyses Inform Mechanisms of Immune Dysfunction in Pancreatic Cancer. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:891-908.e14. [PMID: 37263303 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS As pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to be recalcitrant to therapeutic interventions, including poor response to immunotherapy, albeit effective in other solid malignancies, a more nuanced understanding of the immune microenvironment in PDAC is urgently needed. We aimed to unveil a detailed view of the immune micromilieu in PDAC using a spatially resolved multimodal single-cell approach. METHODS We applied single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, multiplex immunohistochemistry, and mass cytometry to profile the immune compartment in treatment-naïve PDAC tumors and matched adjacent normal pancreatic tissue, as well as in the systemic circulation. We determined prognostic associations of immune signatures and performed a meta-analysis of the immune microenvironment in PDAC and lung adenocarcinoma on single-cell level. RESULTS We provided a spatially resolved fine map of the immune landscape in PDAC. We substantiated the exhausted phenotype of CD8 T cells and immunosuppressive features of myeloid cells, and highlighted immune subsets with potentially underappreciated roles in PDAC that diverged from immune populations within adjacent normal areas, particularly CD4 T cell subsets and natural killer T cells that are terminally exhausted and acquire a regulatory phenotype. Differential analysis of immune phenotypes in PDAC and lung adenocarcinoma revealed the presence of extraordinarily immunosuppressive subtypes in PDAC, along with a distinctive immune checkpoint composition. CONCLUSIONS Our study sheds light on the multilayered immune dysfunction in PDAC and presents a holistic view of the immune landscape in PDAC and lung adenocarcinoma, providing a comprehensive resource for functional studies and the exploration of therapeutically actionable targets in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Yousuf
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mengjie Qiu
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Hulkkonen
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Igor Macinkovic
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Domenic Hartmann
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Mueller
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margarete Mijatovic
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Ibberson
- Deep Sequencing Core Facility, BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karam T AlHalabi
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Hetzer
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Anders
- BioQuant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Henrik E Mei
- German Rheumatism Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charles D Imbusch
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias M Gaida
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Joint Unit Immunopathology, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University and Translational Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus W Büchler
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Roth
- Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Maichl DS, Kirner JA, Beck S, Cheng WH, Krug M, Kuric M, Ade CP, Bischler T, Jakob F, Hose D, Seckinger A, Ebert R, Jundt F. Identification of NOTCH-driven matrisome-associated genes as prognostic indicators of multiple myeloma patient survival. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:134. [PMID: 37669941 PMCID: PMC10480158 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Simone Maichl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julius Arthur Kirner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Beck
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wen-Hui Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Krug
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Kuric
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Patrick Ade
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bischler
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Würzburg, Brettreichstrasse 11, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Hose
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brusells, Belgium
| | - Anja Seckinger
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brusells, Belgium
| | - Regina Ebert
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Jundt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
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4
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Yang F, Ma J, Zhu D, Wang Z, Li Y, He X, Zhang G, Kang X. The Role of S100A6 in Human Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1139. [PMID: 37509175 PMCID: PMC10377078 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A6, also known as calcyclin, is a low-molecular-weight Ca2+-binding protein from the S100 family that contains two EF-hands. S100A6 is expressed in a variety of mammalian cells and tissues. It is also expressed in lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancers, as well as other cancers such as melanoma. S100A6 has many molecular functions related to cell proliferation, the cell cycle, cell differentiation, and the cytoskeleton. It is not only involved in tumor invasion, proliferation, and migration, but also the pathogenesis of other non-neoplastic diseases. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of S100A6 in tumors, nervous system diseases, leukemia, endometriosis, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jinglin Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Daxue Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhaoheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yanhu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xuegang He
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
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Cerón JJ, Ortín-Bustillo A, López-Martínez MJ, Martínez-Subiela S, Eckersall PD, Tecles F, Tvarijonaviciute A, Muñoz-Prieto A. S-100 Proteins: Basics and Applications as Biomarkers in Animals with Special Focus on Calgranulins (S100A8, A9, and A12). BIOLOGY 2023; 12:881. [PMID: 37372165 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
S100 proteins are a group of calcium-binding proteins which received this name because of their solubility in a 100% saturated solution of ammonium sulphate. They have a similar molecular mass of 10-12 KDa and share 25-65% similarity in their amino acid sequence. They are expressed in many tissues, and to date 25 different types of S100 proteins have been identified. This review aims to provide updated information about S100 proteins and their use as biomarkers in veterinary science, with special emphasis on the family of calgranulins that includes S100A8 (calgranulin A; myeloid-related protein 8, MRP8), S100A9 (calgranulin B; MRP14), and S100A12 (calgranulin C). The proteins SA100A8 and S100A9 can be linked, forming a heterodimer which is known as calprotectin. Calgranulins are related to the activation of inflammation and the immune system and increase in gastrointestinal diseases, inflammation and sepsis, immunomediated diseases, and obesity and endocrine disorders in different animal species. This review reflects the current knowledge about calgranulins in veterinary science, which should increase in the future to clarify their role in different diseases and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as the practical use of their measurement in non-invasive samples such as saliva or feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Joaquín Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alba Ortín-Bustillo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María José López-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia Martínez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Peter David Eckersall
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz-Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Mistarz A, Winkler M, Battaglia S, Liu S, Hutson A, Rokita H, Gambotto A, Odunsi KO, Singh PK, McGray AR, Wang J, Kozbor D. Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment leverages CD8 + T cell responses to a shared tumor/self antigen in ovarian cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 28:230-248. [PMID: 36875325 PMCID: PMC9982455 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor antigen-driven responses to weakly immunogenic self-antigens and neoantigens directly affect treatment efficacy following immunotherapy. Using orthotopically grown SV40 T antigen+ ovarian carcinoma in antigen-naive wild-type or TgMISIIR-TAg-Low transgenic mice expressing SV40 T antigen as a self-antigen, we investigated the impact of CXCR4-antagonist-armed oncolytic virotherapy on tumor progression and antitumor immunity. Immunostaining and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of the peritoneal tumor microenvironment of untreated tumors in syngeneic wild-type mice revealed the presence of SV40 T antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, a balanced M1/M2 transcriptomic signature of tumor-associated macrophages, and immunostimulatory cancer-associated fibroblasts. This contrasted with polarized M2 tumor-associated macrophages, immunosuppressive cancer-associated fibroblasts, and poor immune activation in TgMISIIR-TAg-Low mice. Intraperitoneal delivery of CXCR4-antagonist-armed oncolytic vaccinia virus led to nearly complete depletion of cancer-associated fibroblasts, M1 polarization of macrophages, and generation of SV40 T antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in transgenic mice. Cell depletion studies revealed that the therapeutic effect of armed oncolytic virotherapy was dependent primarily on CD8+ cells. These results demonstrate that targeting the interaction between immunosuppressive cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages in the tolerogenic tumor microenvironment by CXCR4-A-armed oncolytic virotherapy induces tumor/self-specific CD8+ T cell responses and consequently increases therapeutic efficacy in an immunocompetent ovarian cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mistarz
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Marta Winkler
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sebastiano Battaglia
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Alan Hutson
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrea Gambotto
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kunle O. Odunsi
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Prashant K. Singh
- Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - A.J. Robert McGray
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Danuta Kozbor
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Lin CH, Li SC, Lin MH, Ho CJ, Lu YT, Lin Y, Lin PH, Tsai KW, Tsai MH. S100A6 participates in initiation of autoimmune encephalitis and is under epigenetic control. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2897. [PMID: 36748983 PMCID: PMC10013942 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is caused by autoantibodies attacking neuronal cell surface antigens and/or synaptic antigens. We previously demonstrated that S100A6 was hypomethylated in patients with AE and that it promoted B lymphocyte infiltration through the simulated blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we focused on the epigenetic regulation of S100A6, the process by which S100A6 affects B lymphocyte infiltration, and the therapeutic potential of S100A6 antibodies. METHODS We enrolled and collected serum from 10 patients with AE and 10 healthy control (HC) subjects. Promoter methylation and 5-azacytidine treatment assays were conducted to observe the methylation process of S100A6. The effect of S100A6 on B lymphocytes was analyzed using an adhesion assay and leukocyte transendothelial migration (LTEM) assay. A LTEM assay was also used to compare the effects of the serum of HCs, serum of AE patients, S100A6 recombinant protein, and S100A6 antibodies on B lymphocytes. RESULT The promoter methylation and 5-azacytidine treatment assays confirmed that S100A6 was regulated by DNA methylation. The adhesion study demonstrated that the addition of S100A6 enhanced adhesion between B lymphocytes and a BBB endothelial cell line in a concentration-dependent manner. The LTEM assay showed that the serum of AE patients, as well as S100A6, promoted B lymphocyte infiltration and that this effect could be attenuated by S100A6 antibodies. CONCLUSION We clarified that S100A6 was under epigenetic regulation in patients with AE and that it helped B lymphocytes to adhere to and infiltrate the BBB endothelial layer, which could be counteracted by S100A6 antibodies. Therefore, the methylation profile of S100A6 could be a marker of the activity of AE, and countering the effect of S100A6 may be a potential treatment target for AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jui Ho
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ting Lu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuyu Lin
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsien Lin
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Han Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Medical School, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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8
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Role of calcium-sensor proteins in cell membrane repair. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:232522. [PMID: 36728029 PMCID: PMC9970828 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20220765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane repair is a critical process used to maintain cell integrity and survival from potentially lethal chemical, and mechanical membrane injury. Rapid increases in local calcium levels due to a membrane rupture have been widely accepted as a trigger for multiple membrane-resealing models that utilize exocytosis, endocytosis, patching, and shedding mechanisms. Calcium-sensor proteins, such as synaptotagmins (Syt), dysferlin, S100 proteins, and annexins, have all been identified to regulate, or participate in, multiple modes of membrane repair. Dysfunction of membrane repair from inefficiencies or genetic alterations in these proteins contributes to diseases such as muscular dystrophy (MD) and heart disease. The present review covers the role of some of the key calcium-sensor proteins and their involvement in membrane repair.
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9
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Chen B, Zheng D, Liu C, Bhandari A, Hirachan S, Shen C, Mainali S, Li H, Jiang W, Xu J, Zhang X, Tang K, Zhang W. S100A6 promotes the development of thyroid cancer and inhibits apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154325. [PMID: 36680929 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
High levels of S100A6 have been associated with progression in some types of human cancers. Cancers related to S100A6 have been reported to include lung cancer, cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, etc., but its role in the molecular pathogenesis of these cancers is largely unknown. This study investigated the expression and functional roles of S100A6 in human thyroid cancer. The expression level of S100A6 in thyroid cancer cells was determined by bioinformatics and transcriptomic analysis. Furthermore, the potential functions of S100A6 in tumorigenesis were analyzed by cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and Western blot assays in human thyroid cancer cells. Public database queries revealed high S100A6 expression in thyroid cancer. In addition, we also found that high expression of S100A6 was positively correlated with malignant clinicopathological characteristics of thyroid cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. qPCR results confirmed the high expression of S100A6 in thyroid cancer cells. S100A6 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Western blot assays and response experiments showed that S100A6 promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenicity partly through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results suggest that S100A6 affects the progression of thyroid cancer and can be used as a target in the future treatment of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buran Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Danni Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Conghui Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Adheesh Bhandari
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Suzita Hirachan
- Department of General Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Unit, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Cuihua Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Sumnima Mainali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kulhudhuffushi Regional Hospital, Kulhudhuffushi, Maldives
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wenjie Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kaifu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepatopancreatic Diseases Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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10
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S100A6 Protein-Expression and Function in Norm and Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021341. [PMID: 36674873 PMCID: PMC9866648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A6, also known as calcyclin, is a calcium-binding protein belonging to the S100 protein family. It was first identified and purified more than 30 years ago. Initial structural studies, focused mostly on the mode and affinity of Ca2+ binding and resolution of the resultant conformational changes, were soon complemented by research on its expression, localization and identification of binding partners. With time, the use of biophysical methods helped to resolve the structure and versatility of S100A6 complexes with some of its ligands. Meanwhile, it became clear that S100A6 expression was altered in various pathological states and correlated with the stage/progression of many diseases, including cancers, indicative of its important, and possibly causative, role in some of these diseases. This, in turn, prompted researchers to look for the mechanism of S100A6 action and to identify the intermediary signaling pathways and effectors. After all these years, our knowledge on various aspects of S100A6 biology is robust but still incomplete. The list of S100A6 ligands is growing all the time, as is our understanding of the physiological importance of these interactions. The present review summarizes available data concerning S100A6 expression/localization, interaction with intracellular and extracellular targets, involvement in Ca2+-dependent cellular processes and association with various pathologies.
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11
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Feng S, Lou K, Zou X, Zou J, Zhang G. The Potential Role of Exosomal Proteins in Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:873296. [PMID: 35747825 PMCID: PMC9209716 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.873296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor in men across developed countries. Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic methods for this tumor have become increasingly difficult to adapt to today’s medical philosophy, thus compromising early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Prospecting for new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets has become a hot topic in today’s research. Notably, exosomes, small vesicles characterized by a phospholipid bilayer structure released by cells that is capable of delivering different types of cargo that target specific cells to regulate biological properties, have been extensively studied. Exosomes composition, coupled with their interactions with cells make them multifaceted regulators in cancer development. Numerous studies have described the role of prostate cancer-derived exosomal proteins in diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. However, so far, there is no relevant literature to systematically summarize its role in tumors, which brings obstacles to the later research of related proteins. In this review, we summarize exosomal proteins derived from prostate cancer from different sources and summarize their roles in tumor development and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzhi Feng
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Lou
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ganna Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junrong Zou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ganna Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Junrong Zou, ; Guoxi Zhang,
| | - Guoxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ganna Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Junrong Zou, ; Guoxi Zhang,
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12
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Hu Y, Zeng N, Ge Y, Wang D, Qin X, Zhang W, Jiang F, Liu Y. Identification of the Shared Gene Signatures and Biological Mechanism in Type 2 Diabetes and Pancreatic Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:847760. [PMID: 35432196 PMCID: PMC9010232 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.847760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between pancreatic cancer (PC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has long been widely recognized, but the interaction mechanisms are still unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the shared gene signatures and molecular processes between PC and T2DM. Methods The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to retrieve the RNA sequence and patient information of PC and T2DM. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to discover a co-expression network associated with PC and T2DM. Enrichment analysis of shared genes present in PC and T2DM was performed by ClueGO software. These results were validated in the other four cohorts based on differential gene analysis. The predictive significance of S100A6 in PC was evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox analyses, as well as Kaplan-Meier plots. The biological process of S100A6 enrichment in PC was detected using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The involvement of S100A6 in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) was assessed by CIBERSORT. In vitro assays were used to further confirm the function of S100A6 in PC. Results WGCNA recognized three major modules for T2DM and two major modules for PC. There were 44 shared genes identified for PC and T2DM, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that regulation of endodermal cell fate specification was primarily enriched. In addition, a key shared gene S100A6 was derived in the validation tests. S100A6 was shown to be highly expressed in PC compared to non-tumor tissues. PC patients with high S100A6 expression had worse overall survival (OS) than those with low expression. GSEA revealed that S100A6 is involved in cancer-related pathways and glycometabolism-related pathways. There is a strong relationship between S100A6 and TIME. In vitro functional assays showed that S100A6 helped to induce the PC cells' proliferation and migration. We also proposed a diagram of common mechanisms of PC and T2DM. Conclusions This study firstly revealed that the regulation of endodermal cell fate specification may be common pathogenesis of PC and T2DM and identified S100A6 as a possible biomarker and therapeutic target for PC and T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Hu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ni Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yaoqi Ge
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wensong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Kumar AA, Buckley BJ, Ranson M. The Urokinase Plasminogen Activation System in Pancreatic Cancer: Prospective Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets. Biomolecules 2022; 12:152. [PMID: 35204653 PMCID: PMC8961517 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy that features high recurrence rates and the poorest prognosis of all solid cancers. The urokinase plasminogen activation system (uPAS) is strongly implicated in the pathophysiology and clinical outcomes of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which accounts for more than 90% of all pancreatic cancers. Overexpression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) or its cell surface receptor uPAR is a key step in the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype via multiple mechanisms, including the increased activation of cell surface localised plasminogen which generates the serine protease plasmin. This triggers multiple downstream processes that promote tumour cell migration and invasion. Increasing clinical evidence shows that the overexpression of uPA, uPAR, or of both is strongly associated with worse clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in PDAC patients. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the uPAS in the pathogenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer, with a focus on PDAC, and summarises the substantial body of evidence that supports the role of uPAS components, including plasminogen receptors, in this disease. The review further outlines the clinical utility of uPAS components as prospective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PDAC, as well as a rationale for the development of novel uPAS-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashna A. Kumar
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (A.A.K.); (B.J.B.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Benjamin J. Buckley
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (A.A.K.); (B.J.B.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Marie Ranson
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (A.A.K.); (B.J.B.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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14
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Wu Y, Zhou Q, Guo F, Chen M, Tao X, Dong D. S100 Proteins in Pancreatic Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Front Oncol 2021; 11:711180. [PMID: 34527585 PMCID: PMC8435722 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.711180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumor occurring in the digestive system. Currently, there is a lack of specific and effective interventions for PC; thus, further exploration regarding the pathogenesis of this malignancy is warranted. The S100 protein family, a collection of calcium-binding proteins expressed only in vertebrates, comprises 25 members with high sequence and structural similarity. Dysregulated expression of S100 proteins is a biomarker of cancer progression and prognosis. Functionally, these proteins are associated with the regulation of multiple cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, growth, differentiation, enzyme activation, migration/invasion, Ca2+ homeostasis, and energy metabolism. This review highlights the significance of the S100 family in the diagnosis and prognosis of PC and its vital functions in tumor cell metastasis, invasion and proliferation. A further understanding of S100 proteins will provide potential therapeutic targets for preventing or treating PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fangyue Guo
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingming Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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15
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Xu L, Liu F, Li H, Li M, Xie Y, Li Z, Guo Y. Comprehensive characterization of pathological stage-related genes of papillary thyroid cancer along with survival prediction. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8390-8404. [PMID: 34342109 PMCID: PMC8419169 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is crucial to understand the differences across papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) stages, so as to provide a basis for individualized treatments. Here, comprehensive function characterization of PTC stage‐related genes was performed and a new prognostic signature was developed for advanced patients. Two gene modules were confirmed to be closely associated with PTC stages and further six hub genes were identified that yield excellent diagnostic efficiency between tumour and normal tissues. Genetic alteration analysis indicates that they are much conservative since mutations in the DNA of them rarely occur, but changes of DNA methylation on these six genes show that 12 DNA methylation sites are significantly associated with their corresponding genes' expression. Validation data set testing also suggests that these six stage‐related hub genes would be probably potential biomarkers for marking four stages. Subsequently, a 21‐mRNA‐based prognostic risk model was constructed for PTC stage III/IV patients and it could effectively predict the survival of patients with strong prognostic ability. Functional analysis shows that differential expression genes between high‐ and low‐risk patients would promote the progress of PTC to some extent. Moreover, tumour microenvironment (TME) of high‐risk patients may be more conducive to tumour growth by ESTIMATE analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Menglong Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongmei Xie
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanzhi Guo
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Cui Y, Li L, Li Z, Yin J, Lane J, Ji J, Jiang WG. Dual effects of targeting S100A11 on suppressing cellular metastatic properties and sensitizing drug response in gastric cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:243. [PMID: 33931048 PMCID: PMC8086328 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01949-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A11 is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. The dysregulated expression of the S100A11 gene has been implicated in tumour metastasis. However, the role of S100A11 protein in tumour cell response to chemotherapeutic drugs has not been characterised. METHODS Transcript levels of S100A11 in gastric cancer were evaluated using an in-house patient cohort. Protein expression of S100A11 in gastric cancer was estimated by immunohistochemistry of a tissue microarray. The stable gastric cancer cell lines were established using lentiviral shRNA vectors. The knockdown of S100A11 was validated by qRT-PCR, PCR, and Western blot. The cellular function of S100A11 was estimated by assays of cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. The cell cytotoxic assay was performed to investigate the response to chemotherapeutic drugs. An unsupervised hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (HCPC) was applied to unveil the dimensional role of S100A11 among all S100 family members in gastric cancer. RESULTS High expression of S100A11 is associated with poor survival of gastric cancer patients (p < 0.001, HR = 1.85) and is an independent prognostic factor of gastric cancer. We demonstrate that S100A11 plays its role as a tumour promoter through regulating the MMP activity and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. The stable knockdown of S100A11 suppresses the metastatic properties of gastric cancer cells, which include enhancing cell adhesion, but decelerating cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, the knockdown of S100A11 gene expression dramatically induces the cellular response of gastric cancer cells to the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin. CONCLUSION The present study identifies S100A11 as a tumour promoter in gastric cancer. More importantly, the S100A11-specific targeting potentially presents dual therapeutic benefits by not only controlling tumour progression but also sensitising chemotherapeutic cytotoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cui
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Liting Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghuayuan East Street, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Zhilei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 95 Yong-an Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jane Lane
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of GI Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
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17
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Korolkova OY, Widatalla SE, Williams SD, Whalen DS, Beasley HK, Ochieng J, Grewal T, Sakwe AM. Diverse Roles of Annexin A6 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis and EGFR-Targeted Therapies. Cells 2020; 9:E1855. [PMID: 32784650 PMCID: PMC7465958 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcium (Ca2+)-dependent membrane-binding Annexin A6 (AnxA6), is a multifunctional, predominantly intracellular scaffolding protein, now known to play relevant roles in different cancer types through diverse, often cell-type-specific mechanisms. AnxA6 is differentially expressed in various stages/subtypes of several cancers, and its expression in certain tumor cells is also induced by a variety of pharmacological drugs. Together with the secretion of AnxA6 as a component of extracellular vesicles, this suggests that AnxA6 mediates distinct tumor progression patterns via extracellular and/or intracellular activities. Although it lacks enzymatic activity, some of the AnxA6-mediated functions involving membrane, nucleotide and cholesterol binding as well as the scaffolding of specific proteins or multifactorial protein complexes, suggest its potential utility in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies for various cancers. In breast cancer, the low AnxA6 expression levels in the more aggressive basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype correlate with its tumor suppressor activity and the poor overall survival of basal-like TNBC patients. In this review, we highlight the potential tumor suppressor function of AnxA6 in TNBC progression and metastasis, the relevance of AnxA6 in the diagnosis and prognosis of several cancers and discuss the concept of therapy-induced expression of AnxA6 as a novel mechanism for acquired resistance of TNBC to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Y. Korolkova
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Sarrah E. Widatalla
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Stephen D. Williams
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Diva S. Whalen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Heather K. Beasley
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Amos M. Sakwe
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (O.Y.K.); (S.E.W.); (S.D.W.); (D.S.W.); (H.K.B.); (J.O.)
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18
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(20S)G-Rh2 Inhibits NF-κB Regulated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting Annexin A2. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040528. [PMID: 32244350 PMCID: PMC7225922 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential step for cancer metastasis; targeting EMT is an important path for cancer treatment and drug development. NF-κB, an important transcription factor, has been shown to be responsible for cancer metastasis by enhancing the EMT process. Our previous studies showed that (20S)Ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) inhibits NF-κB activity by targeting Anxa2, but it is still not known whether this targeted inhibition of NF-κB can inhibit the EMT process. (2) Methods: In vivo (20S)G-Rh2-Anxa2 interaction was assessed by cellular thermal shift assay. Protein interaction was determined by immuno-precipitation analysis. NF-κB activity was determined by dual luciferase reporter assay. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR and immuno-blot. EMT was evaluated by wound healing and Transwell assay and EMT regulating gene expression. (3) Results: Anxa2 interacted with the NF-κB p50 subunit, promoted NF-κB activation, then accelerated mesenchymal-like gene expression and enhanced cell motility; all these cellular processes were inhibited by (20S)G-Rh2. In contrast, these (20S)G-Rh2 effect were completely eliminated by overexpression of Anxa2-K301A, an (20S)G-Rh2-binding-deficient mutant of Anxa2. (4) Conclusion: (20S)G-Rh2 inhibited NF-κB activation and related EMT by targeting Anxa2 in MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Sreejit G, Flynn MC, Patil M, Krishnamurthy P, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. S100 family proteins in inflammation and beyond. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 98:173-231. [PMID: 32564786 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The S100 family proteins possess a variety of intracellular and extracellular functions. They interact with multiple receptors and signal transducers to regulate pathways that govern inflammation, cell differentiation, proliferation, energy metabolism, apoptosis, calcium homeostasis, cell cytoskeleton and microbial resistance. S100 proteins are also emerging as novel diagnostic markers for identifying and monitoring various diseases. Strategies aimed at targeting S100-mediated signaling pathways hold a great potential in developing novel therapeutics for multiple diseases. In this chapter, we aim to summarize the current knowledge about the role of S100 family proteins in health and disease with a major focus on their role in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle C Flynn
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mallikarjun Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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20
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Li P, Lv X, Zhang Z, Xie S. S100A6/miR193a regulates the proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis of lung cancer cells through the P53 acetylation. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4634-4649. [PMID: 31497188 PMCID: PMC6731400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is accounted for 80% to 85% of the total lung cancer cases and still a difficult problem to solve at present. The present study was aimed to explore the effect of S100A6 on the proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis in lung cancer cell lines with the change of miR-193a expression and P53 acetylation. The expression of S100A6, CDK2, cyclinD1, VEGF, ANGII, anti-acetylp53 (K373), K-AC, P21 and Noxa were analyzed by western blot analysis. RT-qPCR analysis was used to confirm the transfection effects. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were reflecting the cell proliferation. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were evaluating the cell invasion and migration. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was to confirm the S100A6 as a target of miR-193a. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analysis were analyzing the S100A6 expression in cells and tumor tissues, respectively. As a result, S100A6 expression was increased in lung cancer cell lines and S100A6 expressed the highest in A549 cells which was chosen for the subsequent experiment. S100A6 overexpression promoted the proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis of lung cancer cells with the promotion of degradation of P53 acetylation. In addition, S100A6 was demonstrated to be a target of miR193a. Moreover, miR193a expression was decreased in lung cancer cell lines and miR193a expressed the lowest in A549 cells which was chosen for the subsequent experiment. And, miR193a overexpression inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis of lung cancer cells with the enhancement of P53 acetylation. The effects of S100A6 overexpression and miR193a overexpression on tumor growth in vivo experiments were the same with that in the cell experiments. In conclusion, this study indicated that S100A6 overexpression could promote the proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis of lung cancer cells by inhibiting the P53 acetylation and miR193a overexpression could reversed the above effects by decreasing the S100A6 expression in both vitro and vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Peoples’ Hospital of Liaoning ProvinceShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Department of Neuroelectrophysiology, People’s Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhou, Henan, China
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21
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Takahashi H, Katsuta E, Yan L, Dasgupta S, Takabe K. High expression of Annexin A2 is associated with DNA repair, metabolic alteration, and worse survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Surgery 2019; 166:150-156. [PMID: 31171367 PMCID: PMC6661011 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a known driver of cancer progression. We investigated what mechanism associates with ANXA2 high expression and its survival impact using a bioinformatic approach in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS Primary pancreatic tumor (n = 185) cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene set enrichment analysis were used. RESULTS There were no significant associations between ANXA2 expression and clinicopathologic features of the patients investigated. The ANXA2 high tumors enriched some of the known downstream signaling, such as NF-κB (P = .028) and tumor necrosis factor (P = .044) pathways, whereas others, such as angiogenesis or epithelial-mesenchymal transition, were not associated. ANXA2 high expression tumors enriched DNA repair-related gene sets (DNA repair; P = .011, p53 pathway; P = .036) and cell proliferation-related gene sets (MYC targets; P = .041). In addition, new association with metabolism related gene sets, such as glycolysis (P = .016), nucleic acid metabolism (P = .001), and pyrimidine metabolism (P = .004) were identified in the ANXA2 high group. Patients with high ANXA2 expression demonstrated significantly worse disease-free survival (P = .001) and overall survival (P = .014), with high ANXA2 being an independent risk factor. CONCLUSION High ANXA2 expression was associated with NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor signaling, DNA repair, cell proliferation, and metabolic alteration and worse prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Takahashi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Eriko Katsuta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY; Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY; Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
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22
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Adamo A, Brandi J, Caligola S, Delfino P, Bazzoni R, Carusone R, Cecconi D, Giugno R, Manfredi M, Robotti E, Marengo E, Bassi G, Takam Kamga P, Dal Collo G, Gatti A, Mercuri A, Arigoni M, Olivero M, Calogero RA, Krampera M. Extracellular Vesicles Mediate Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Dependent Regulation of B Cell PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway and Actin Cytoskeleton. Front Immunol 2019; 10:446. [PMID: 30915084 PMCID: PMC6423067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult, multipotent cells of mesodermal origin representing the progenitors of all stromal tissues. MSCs possess significant and broad immunomodulatory functions affecting both adaptive and innate immune responses once MSCs are primed by the inflammatory microenvironment. Recently, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mediating the therapeutic effects of MSCs has been recognized. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the immunomodulatory properties of MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) are still poorly characterized. Therefore, we carried out a molecular characterization of MSC-EV content by high-throughput approaches. We analyzed miRNA and protein expression profile in cellular and vesicular compartments both in normal and inflammatory conditions. We found several proteins and miRNAs involved in immunological processes, such as MOES, LG3BP, PTX3, and S10A6 proteins, miR-155-5p, and miR-497-5p. Different in silico approaches were also performed to correlate miRNA and protein expression profile and then to evaluate the putative molecules or pathways involved in immunoregulatory properties mediated by MSC-EVs. PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and the regulation of actin cytoskeleton were identified and functionally validated in vitro as key mediators of MSC/B cell communication mediated by MSC-EVs. In conclusion, we identified different molecules and pathways responsible for immunoregulatory properties mediated by MSC-EVs, thus identifying novel therapeutic targets as safer and more useful alternatives to cell or EV-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Adamo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jessica Brandi
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Caligola
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bazzoni
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Carusone
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Novara, Italy
| | - Elisa Robotti
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Emilio Marengo
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Novara, Italy
| | - Giulio Bassi
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paul Takam Kamga
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giada Dal Collo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gatti
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Mercuri
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele A Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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23
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Bai Y, Li LD, Li J, Lu X. Prognostic values of S100 family members in ovarian cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1256. [PMID: 30558666 PMCID: PMC6296138 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Exhibiting high consistence in sequence and structure, S100 family members are interchangeable in function and they show a wide spectrum of biological processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, migration, inflammation and differentiation and the like. While the prognostic value of each individual S100 in ovarian cancer is still elusive. In current study, we investigated the prognostic value of S100 family members in the ovarian cancer. Methods We used the Kaplan Meier plotter (KM plotter) database, in which updated gene expression data and survival information are from 1657 ovarian cancer patients, to assess the relevance of individual S100 family mRNA expression to overall survival in various ovarian cancer subtypes and different clinicopathological features. Results It was found that high expression of S100A2 (HR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.04–1.34, P = 0.012), S100A7A (HR = 1.3, 95%CI: 1.04–1.63, P = 0.02),S100A10 (HR = 1.2, 95%CI: 1.05–1.38, P = 0.0087),and S100A16 (HR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1–1.51, P = 0.052) were significantly correlated with worse OS in all ovarian cancer patients, while the expression of S100A1 (HR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.77–0.99, P = 0.039), S100A3 (HR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.71–0.96, P = 0.0011), S100A5 (HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.73–0.97, P = 0.017), S100A6 (HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.72–0.98, P = 0.024), S100A13 (HR = 0.85, 95%CI:0.75–0.97, P = 0.014) and S100G (HR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.74–0.99, P = 0.041) were associated with better prognosis. Furthermore, we assessed the prognostic value of S100 expression in different subtypes and the clinicopathological features, including pathological grades, clinical stages and TP53 mutation status, of ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion Comprehensive understanding of the S100 family members may have guiding significance for the diagnosis and outcome of ovarian cancer patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5170-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Liang-Dong Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jun Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Present Address: Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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24
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Taylor JR, Fernandez DJ, Thornton SM, Skeate JG, Lühen KP, Da Silva DM, Langen R, Kast WM. Heterotetrameric annexin A2/S100A10 (A2t) is essential for oncogenic human papillomavirus trafficking and capsid disassembly, and protects virions from lysosomal degradation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11642. [PMID: 30076379 PMCID: PMC6076308 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) entry into epithelial cells is independent of canonical endocytic pathways. Upon interaction with host cells, HPV establishes infection by traversing through an endocytic pathway that is clathrin- and caveolin-independent, but dependent on the annexin A2/S100A10 heterotetramer (A2t). We examined the contribution of monomeric annexin A2 (AnxA2) vs. A2t in HPV infection and endocytosis, and further characterized the role of these molecules in protein trafficking. We specifically show that cell surface A2t is not required for HPV attachment, and in the absence of A2t virion internalization remains clathrin-independent. Without A2t, viral progression from early endosomes to multivesicular endosomes is significantly inhibited, capsid uncoating is dramatically reduced, and lysosomal degradation of HPV is accelerated. Furthermore, we present evidence that AnxA2 forms a complex with CD63, a known mediator of HPV trafficking. Overall, the observed reduction in infection is less significant in the absence of S100A10 alone compared to full A2t, supporting an independent role for monomeric AnxA2. More broadly, we show that successful infection by multiple oncogenic HPV types is dependent on A2t. These findings suggest that A2t is a central mediator of high-risk HPV intracellular trafficking post-entry and pre-viral uncoating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Taylor
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J Fernandez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantaé M Thornton
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph G Skeate
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kim P Lühen
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Diane M Da Silva
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ralf Langen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W Martin Kast
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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25
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Li A, Gu Y, Li X, Sun H, Zha H, Xie J, Zhao J, Huang M, Chen L, Peng Q, Zhang Y, Weng Y, Zhou L. S100A6 promotes the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5685-5693. [PMID: 29552203 PMCID: PMC5840553 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological cancer worldwide and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality among women. S100A6 has been reported to be associated with the development of many types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of S100A6 on the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of cervical cancer cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Quantative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the basic mRNA level of S100A6 in HeLa, SiHa and CaSki cells. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein level of S100A6, epithelial cadherin, neuronal cadherin, phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), t-Akt, p-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), t-GSK3β and β-catenin. Semi-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA level of Snail, Twist and Vimentin. MTT and Hoechst staining assays were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of cells, and wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect the migration of cells. The results of the present study demonstrate that the levels of S100A6 were decreased in HeLa cells compared with in SiHa and CaSki cells. Overexpression of S100A6 in HeLa and CaSki cells promoted the proliferative and migratory ability, and had no significant effect on cellular apoptosis. Whereas the knockdown of S100A6 in SiHa and CaSki cells inhibited the proliferative and migratory ability, it had no significant effect on apoptosis. The overexpression of S100A6 in HeLa cells increased the levels of neuronal (N)-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Twist. Conversely, knockdown of S100A6 in SiHa cells decreased the levels of N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Twist and increased the levels of epithelial (E)-cadherin. Furthermore, overexpression of S100A6 in HeLa cells activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, and treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 partially repressed S100A6-enhanced proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells. These results indicate that S100A6 facilitates the malignant potential of cervical cancer cells, particularly metastatic ability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which is mediated by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yue Gu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xueru Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - He Zha
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yaguang Weng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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26
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Christensen M, H�gdall C, Jochumsen K, H�gdall E. Annexin A2 and cancer: A systematic review. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:5-18. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Christensen
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus H�gdall
- Department of Gynaecology, Juliane Maria Centre (JMC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Jochumsen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Estrid H�gdall
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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Nakashima Y, Miyagi-Shiohira C, Kobayashi N, Saitoh I, Watanabe M, Noguchi H. A proteome analysis of pig pancreatic islets and exocrine tissue by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Islets 2017; 9:159-176. [PMID: 29099648 PMCID: PMC5710700 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2017.1389826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a proteome analysis method, and the shotgun analysis by LC-MS/MS comprehensively identifies proteins from tissues and cells with high resolving power. In this study, we analyzed the protein expression in pancreatic tissue by LC-MS/MS. Islets isolated from porcine pancreata (purity ≥95%) and exocrine tissue (purity ≥99%) were used in this study. LC-MS/MS showed that 13 proteins were expressed in pancreatic islets only (Group I), 43 proteins were expressed in both islets and exocrine tissue (Group I&E), and 102 proteins were expressed in exocrine tissue only (Group E). Proteins involved in islet differentiation and cell proliferation were identified in Group I (e.g. CLUS, CMGA, MIF). In addition, various functional proteins (e.g. SCG2, TBA1A) were identified in islet by using the new method of 'principal component analysis (PCA)'. However, the function of such proteins on islets remains unclear. EPCAM was identified in Group E. Group E was found to include proteins involved in clinical inflammatory diseases such as pancreatitis (e.g. CBPA1, CGL, CYTB, ISK1 and PA21B). Many of these identified proteins were reported less frequently in previous studies, and HS71B, NEC2, PRAF3 and SCG1 were newly detected in Group I while CPNS1, DPEP1, GANAB, GDIB, GGT1, HSPB1, ICTL, VILI, MUTA, NDKB, PTGR1, UCHL3, VAPB and VINC were newly detected in Group E. These results show that comprehensive expression analysis of proteins by LC-MS/MS is useful as a method to investigate new factors constructing cellular component, biological process, and molecular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Nakashima
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chika Miyagi-Shiohira
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Issei Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- CONTACT Hirofumi Noguchi Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
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28
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Chatzileontiadou DSM, Samiotaki M, Alexopoulou AN, Cotsiki M, Panayotou G, Stamatiadi M, Balatsos NAA, Leonidas DD, Kontou M. Proteomic Analysis of Human Angiogenin Interactions Reveals Cytoplasmic PCNA as a Putative Binding Partner. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3606-3622. [PMID: 28777577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human Angiogenin (hAng) is a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily and a potent inducer of neovascularization. Protein interactions of hAng in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the human umbilical vein cell line EA.hy926 have been investigated by mass spectroscopy. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD006583 and PXD006584. The first gel-free analysis of hAng immunoprecipitates revealed many statistically significant potential hAng-interacting proteins involved in crucial biological pathways. Surprisingly, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), was found to be immunoprecipitated with hAng only in the cytoplasm. The hAng-PCNA interaction and colocalization in the specific cellular compartment was validated with immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and immunocytochemistry. The results revealed that PCNA is predominantly localized in the cytoplasm, while hAng is distributed both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. hAng and PCNA colocalize in the cytoplasm, suggesting that they may interact in this compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming" , Vari 16672, Greece
| | | | - Marina Cotsiki
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming" , Vari 16672, Greece
| | - George Panayotou
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming" , Vari 16672, Greece
| | - Melina Stamatiadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly , Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos A A Balatsos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly , Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetres D Leonidas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly , Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Kontou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly , Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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29
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Donato R, Sorci G, Giambanco I. S100A6 protein: functional roles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2749-2760. [PMID: 28417162 PMCID: PMC11107720 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2526-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
S100A6 protein belongs to the A group of the S100 protein family of Ca2+-binding proteins. It is expressed in a limited number of cell types in adult normal tissues and in several tumor cell types. As an intracellular protein, S100A6 has been implicated in the regulation of several cellular functions, such as proliferation, apoptosis, the cytoskeleton dynamics, and the cellular response to different stress factors. S100A6 can be secreted/released by certain cell types which points to extracellular effects of the protein. RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation endproducts) and integrin β1 transduce some extracellular S100A6's effects. Dosage of serum S100A6 might aid in diagnosis in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Donato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Centro Universitario per la Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (Interuniversity Institute for Myology), Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Centro Universitario per la Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia (Interuniversity Institute for Myology), Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ileana Giambanco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Centro Universitario per la Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
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Máca J, Burša F, Ševčík P, Sklienka P, Burda M, Holub M. Alarmins and Clinical Outcomes After Major Abdominal Surgery-A Prospective Study. J INVEST SURG 2016; 30:152-161. [PMID: 27689623 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2016.1231855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tissue injury causing immune response is an integral part of surgical procedure. Evaluation of the degree of surgical trauma could help to improve postoperative management and determine the clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed serum levels of alarmins, including S100A5, S100A6, S100A8, S100A9, S100A11, and S100A12; high-mobility group box 1; and heat-shock protein 70, after elective major abdominal surgery (n = 82). Blood samples were collected for three consecutive days after surgery. The goals were to evaluate the relationships among the serum levels of alarmins and selected surgical characteristics and to test potential of alarmins to predict the clinical outcomes. RESULTS Significant, positive correlations were found for high-mobility group box 1 with the length of surgery, blood loss, and intraoperative fluid intake for all three days of blood sampling. The protein S100A8 serum levels showed positive correlations with intensive care unit length of stay, 28-day and in-hospital mortality. The protein S100A12 serum levels had significant, positive correlations with intensive care unit length of stay, 28-day mortality, and in-hospital mortality. We did not find significant differences in alarmin levels between cancer and noncancer subjects. CONCLUSION The high-mobility group box 1 serum levels reflect the degree of surgical injury, whereas proteins S100A8 and S100A12 might be considered good predictors of major abdominal surgery morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Máca
- a University of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic.,b University Hospital of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic
| | - Filip Burša
- a University of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic.,b University Hospital of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ševčík
- a University of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic.,b University Hospital of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic
| | - Peter Sklienka
- a University of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic.,b University Hospital of Ostrava , Ostrava , Czech Republic
| | - Michal Burda
- c University of Ostrava , Institute for Research and Applications of Fuzzy Modeling , Ostrava , Czech Republic
| | - Michal Holub
- d Univerzita Karlova v Praze , First Faculty Of Medicine , Praha , Czech Republic.,e Military Hospital of Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
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Abu-Alainin W, Gana T, Liloglou T, Olayanju A, Barrera LN, Ferguson R, Campbell F, Andrews T, Goldring C, Kitteringham N, Park BK, Nedjadi T, Schmid MC, Slupsky JR, Greenhalf W, Neoptolemos JP, Costello E. UHRF1 regulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in pancreatic cancer contributes to oncogenesis. J Pathol 2016; 238:423-33. [PMID: 26497117 PMCID: PMC4738372 DOI: 10.1002/path.4665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cellular defence protein Nrf2 is a mediator of oncogenesis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and other cancers. However, the control of Nrf2 expression and activity in cancer is not fully understood. We previously reported the absence of Keap1, a pivotal regulator of Nrf2, in ∼70% of PDAC cases. Here we describe a novel mechanism whereby the epigenetic regulator UHRF1 suppresses Keap1 protein levels. UHRF1 expression was observed in 20% (5 of 25) of benign pancreatic ducts compared to 86% (114 of 132) of pancreatic tumours, and an inverse relationship between UHRF1 and Keap1 levels in PDAC tumours (n = 124) was apparent (p = 0.002). We also provide evidence that UHRF1-mediated regulation of the Nrf2 pathway contributes to the aggressive behaviour of PDAC. Depletion of UHRF1 from PDAC cells decreased growth and enhanced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. UHRF1 depletion also led to reduced levels of Nrf2-regulated downstream proteins and was accompanied by heightened oxidative stress, in the form of lower glutathione levels and increased reactive oxygen species. Concomitant depletion of Keap1 and UHRF1 restored Nrf2 levels and reversed cell cycle arrest and the increase in reactive oxygen species. Mechanistically, depletion of UHRF1 reduced global and tumour suppressor promoter methylation in pancreatic cancer cell lines, and KEAP1 gene promoter methylation was reduced in one of three cell lines examined. Thus, methylation of the KEAP1 gene promoter may contribute to the suppression of Keap1 protein levels by UHRF1, although our data suggest that additional mechanisms need to be explored. Finally, we demonstrate that K-Ras drives UHRF1 expression, establishing a novel link between this oncogene and Nrf2-mediated cellular protection. Since UHRF1 over-expression occurs in other cancers, its ability to regulate the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway may be critically important to the malignant behaviour of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Abu-Alainin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Thompson Gana
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Adedamola Olayanju
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Lawrence N Barrera
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Robert Ferguson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Fiona Campbell
- Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK
| | - Timothy Andrews
- Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK
| | | | - Neil Kitteringham
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian K Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Taoufik Nedjadi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael C Schmid
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Joseph R Slupsky
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - William Greenhalf
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - John P Neoptolemos
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Eithne Costello
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK
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Hu H, Zhao J, Zhang M. Expression of Annexin A2 and Its Correlation With Drug Resistance and Recurrence of Bladder Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2015; 15:NP61-NP68. [PMID: 26637476 DOI: 10.1177/1533034615617078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expressions of annexin A2 in bladder cancer cell lines and bladder cancer tissues, we want to find the relationship among annexin A2, drug resistance, and recurrence of bladder cancer. METHODS Our laboratory established the PUMC-91 bladder cancer cell line against gradient concentration of Adriamycin (0.3, 0.6, and 1.0 μg/mL), and we also collected 60 cases of surgically resected bladder cancer recurrent tissue samples. The tissues were classified into 2 groups according to the frequency of recurrence (<6 months and >2 years) after initial surgery. The method of immunohistochemistry was used to examine the differences in the expression of annexin A2. RESULTS There were statistical differences in annexin A2 among normal bladder epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1, PUMC-91, PUMC-91 against 0.3 μg/mL Adriamycin, and PUMC-91 against 1.0 μg/mL Adriamycin (P < .05). The expressions of Annexin A2 were found to be higher than those that recurred at >2 years (P = .002) in the bladder cancer tissues and that recurred at <6 months after initial surgery. It was also associated with invasion depth (stage) of bladder cancer, such as higher expression in T2 (invasive muscular) group than Tis (carcinoma in situ) and T1 (invasive mucosa lamina propria) groups (P = .003 and P = .000, respectively). But, it did not correlate with the differentiation (grade) of cancer cells in bladder cancer tissues (P = .593). CONCLUSION Annexin A2 can act as a valuable biomarker for predicting the drug resistance and recurrence of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
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Ismail MF, El Boghdady NA, Shabayek MI, Awida HA, Abozeed H. Evaluation and screening of mRNA S100A genes as serological biomarkers in different stages of bladder cancer in Egypt. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4621-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Otsuka Y, Satoh S, Naito J, Kyogaku M, Hashimoto H. Visualization of cancer-related chemical components in mouse pancreas tissue by tapping-mode scanning probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:1157-1162. [PMID: 26456785 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is an informative approach for the comprehensive analysis of multiple components inside biological specimens. We used novel tapping-mode scanning probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method to visualize cancer-related chemical components in the mouse pancreas tissue section at a sampling pitch of 100 µm. Positive ion mode measurements from m/z 100 to 1500 resulted in the visualization of multiple components that are tentatively assigned as polyamines, lipids and proteins. Their signal intensities inside the cancerous and the non-cancerous regions were found to be significantly different by the two-sample t-test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Otsuka
- Frontier Research Center, Canon Inc., 30-2 Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 146-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shuya Satoh
- Frontier Research Center, Canon Inc., 30-2 Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 146-8501, Japan
| | - Junpei Naito
- Frontier Research Center, Canon Inc., 30-2 Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 146-8501, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kyogaku
- Frontier Research Center, Canon Inc., 30-2 Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 146-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hashimoto
- Frontier Research Center, Canon Inc., 30-2 Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 146-8501, Japan
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Farid SG, Morris-Stiff G. "OMICS" technologies and their role in foregut primary malignancies. Curr Probl Surg 2015; 52:409-41. [PMID: 26527526 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zhang H, Yao M, Wu W, Qiu L, Sai W, Yang J, Zheng W, Huang J, Yao D. Up-regulation of annexin A2 expression predicates advanced clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9373-83. [PMID: 26109000 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3678-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic annexin A2 (ANXA2) orchestrates multiple biologic processes and clinical symptoms and plays a key role in development, metastasis, and drug resistance of lethal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prognostic significance of ANXA2 for HCC has not been elucidated up to now. In this study, ANXA2 was frequently found to be up-regulated in HCC tissues compared with benign liver disease (BLD) tissues, which was consistent with the results in serum samples and tissue specimens of patients with HCC. Furthermore, ANXA2 expression was significantly correlated with differentiated degree, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein thrombus, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging. More importantly, increased ANXA2 level was first confirmed to be closely associated with shortened overall survival of HCC (χ (2) = 12.872, P = 0.005) and identified as an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio 1.338, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.013 ~ 1.766, P = 0.040), suggesting that ANXA2 up-regulation might represent an acquired metastasis phenotype of HCC, help to screen out high-risk population for HCC, or more effectively treat a subset of postsurgical HCC patients positive for ANXA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Liwei Qiu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Wenli Sai
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Junling Yang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Dengfu Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 West Temple Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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Xu XH, Pan W, Kang LH, Feng H, Song YQ. Association of annexin A2 with cancer development (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2121-8. [PMID: 25760910 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a well-known calcium-dependent phospholipid binding protein widely distributed in the nucleus, cytoplasm and extracellular surface of various eukaryotic cells. It has been recognized as a pleiotropic protein affecting a wide range of molecular and cellular processes. Dysregulation and abnormal expression of ANXA2 are linked to a large number of prevalent diseases, including autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease, antiphospholipid syndrome, inflammation, diabetes mellitus and a series of cancers. Accumulating data suggest that ANXA2 is aberrantly expressed in a wide spectrum of cancers, and exerts profound effects on tumor cell adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis as well as tumor neovascularization via different modes of action. However, despite significant research, our knowledge of the mechanism by which ANXA2 participates in cancer development remains fragmented. The present review systematically summarizes the effects of ANXA2 on tumor progression, in an attempt to gain an improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to provide a potential effective target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Heng Xu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Kang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Hui Feng
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Song
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
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Liu Y, Myrvang HK, Dekker LV. Annexin A2 complexes with S100 proteins: structure, function and pharmacological manipulation. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 172:1664-76. [PMID: 25303710 PMCID: PMC4376447 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (AnxA2) was originally identified as a substrate of the pp60v-src oncoprotein in transformed chicken embryonic fibroblasts. It is an abundant protein that associates with biological membranes as well as the actin cytoskeleton, and has been implicated in intracellular vesicle fusion, the organization of membrane domains, lipid rafts and membrane-cytoskeleton contacts. In addition to an intracellular role, AnxA2 has been reported to participate in processes localized to the cell surface including extracellular protease regulation and cell-cell interactions. There are many reports showing that AnxA2 is differentially expressed between normal and malignant tissue and potentially involved in tumour progression. An important aspect of AnxA2 function relates to its interaction with small Ca2+-dependent adaptor proteins called S100 proteins, which is the topic of this review. The interaction between AnxA2 and S100A10 has been very well characterized historically; more recently, other S100 proteins have been shown to interact with AnxA2 as well. The biochemical evidence for the occurrence of these protein interactions will be discussed, as well as their function. Recent studies aiming to generate inhibitors of S100 protein interactions will be described and the potential of these inhibitors to further our understanding of AnxA2 S100 protein interactions will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Zhou X, Wang P, Michal JJ, Wang Y, Zhao J, Jiang Z, Liu B. Molecular characterization of the porcine S100A6 gene and analysis of its expression in pigs infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV). J Appl Genet 2014; 56:355-63. [PMID: 25480733 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-014-0260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Our previous microarray study revealed that S100A6 was significantly upregulated in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV). In the present study, we cloned both cDNA and genomic DNA sequences of the gene. Transient transfection indicated that the porcine S100A6 protein was located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that the porcine S100A6 gene was highly expressed in the kidney and subcutaneous fat. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] induced porcine S100A6 gene expression in PK-15 cells. Quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) analysis further showed that the porcine S100A6 gene was upregulated in different cells and tissues of Tongcheng pigs infected with HP-PRRSV. Chromosome walking obtained the porcine S100A6 promoter region and then luciferase reporter assays confirmed its regulatory activities. We observed a putative NF-κB binding site in the core promoter region, which may explain the upregulation of porcine S100A6 in response to PRRSV. Transfection of NF-κB (p65 subunit) intensely induced the promoter activity of the porcine S100A6 gene, while an NF-κB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), inhibited this activity. Furthermore, compared to its wild type, the promoter activity was significantly reduced when it contained a mutant NF-κB binding site. All these results provide a solid foundation to further investigate how S100A6 is involved in PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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From plasminogen to plasmin: role of plasminogen receptors in human cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21229-52. [PMID: 25407528 PMCID: PMC4264222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151121229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface-associated proteolysis mediated by plasmin (PLA) is an essential feature of wound healing, angiogenesis and cell invasion, processes that are dysregulated in cancer development, progression and systemic spread. The generation of PLA, initiated by the binding of its precursor plasminogen (PLG) to the cell surface, is regulated by an array of activators, inhibitors and receptors. In this review, we will highlight the importance of the best-characterized components of the PLG/PLA cascade in the pathogenesis of cancer focusing on the role of the cell surface-PLG receptors (PLG-R). PLG-R overexpression has been associated with poor prognosis of cancer patients and resistance to chemotherapy. We will also discuss recent findings on the molecular mechanisms regulating cell surface expression and distribution of PLG-R.
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Sun MY, Xing RH, Gao XJ, Yu X, He HM, Gao N, Shi HY, Hu YY, Wang QX, Xu JH, Hou YC. ANXA2 regulates the behavior of SGC-7901 cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:6007-12. [PMID: 24289616 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.6007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
ANXA2, a member of the annexin family, is overexpressed and plays important roles in tumor development. However, the significance of ANXA2 expression in gastric carcinoma has not been clarified.To elucidate its roles in growth of gastric cancer, ANXA2 expression in SGC-7901 cells was inhibited with a designated siRNA, then cell proliferation, cell cycling, apoptosis and motility were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342 staining and wound healing assay, respectively. To further assess the behavior of ANXA2 deleted SGC- 7901 cells, changes of microstructures were observed under fluorescence microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. We found that inhibition of ANXA2 expression caused cell proliferation to decrease significantly with G1 arrest, motility to be reduced with changes in pseudopodia/filopodia structure and F-actin and β-tubulin expression, and apoptosis to be enhanced albeit without significance. At the same time, ANXA2 deletion resulted in fewer pseudopodia/filopodia, non-stained areas were increased, contact inhibition among cells reappeared, and expression of F-actin and β-tubulin was decreased, with induction of polymerized disassembled forms. Taken together, these data suggest that ANXA2 overexpression is important to maintain the malignancy of cancer cells, and this member of the annexin family has potential to be considered as a target for the gene therapy of gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Sun
- The Lab of Tumor Molecular Cellular Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi,China E-mail :
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Abstract
Our recent research identified the protein annexin A2 to be regulated by ovarian cancer-peritoneal cell interactions. This study investigated the role of annexin A2 in ovarian cancer metastasis and its potential utility as a novel therapeutic target, using in vitro and in vivo ovarian cancer models. Annexin A2 expression was examined by qRT-PCR and western blotting in ovarian cancer cell lines and immunohistochemistry in serous ovarian carcinoma tissues. Annexin A2 siRNAs were used to evaluate the effects of annexin A2 suppression on ovarian cancer cell adhesion, motility, and invasion. Furthermore, annexin A2 neutralizing antibodies were used to examine the role of annexin A2 in tumor invasion and metastasis in vivo using a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay and an intraperitoneal xenograft mouse model. Strong annexin A2 immunostaining was observed in 90% (38/42) of the serous ovarian cancer cells and was significantly increased in the cancer-associated stroma compared to non-malignant ovarian tissues. Annexin A2 siRNA significantly inhibited the motility and invasion of serous ovarian cancer cells and adhesion to the peritoneal cells. Annexin A2 neutralizing antibodies significantly inhibited OV-90 cell motility and invasion in vitro and in vivo using the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. The growth of SKOV-3 cells and their peritoneal dissemination in nude mice was significantly inhibited by annexin A2 neutralizing antibodies. Annexin A2 plays a critical role in ovarian cancer metastasis and is therefore a potential novel therapeutic target against ovarian cancer.
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Liu S, Zhou R, Zhong J, Nie C, Yuan Z, Zhou L, Luo N, Wang C, Tong A. HepG2.2.15 as a model for studying cell protrusion and migration regulated by S100 proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 449:175-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Gross SR, Sin CGT, Barraclough R, Rudland PS. Joining S100 proteins and migration: for better or for worse, in sickness and in health. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1551-79. [PMID: 23811936 PMCID: PMC11113901 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vast diversity of S100 proteins has demonstrated a multitude of biological correlations with cell growth, cell differentiation and cell survival in numerous physiological and pathological conditions in all cells of the body. This review summarises some of the reported regulatory functions of S100 proteins (namely S100A1, S100A2, S100A4, S100A6, S100A7, S100A8/S100A9, S100A10, S100A11, S100A12, S100B and S100P) on cellular migration and invasion, established in both culture and animal model systems and the possible mechanisms that have been proposed to be responsible. These mechanisms involve intracellular events and components of the cytoskeletal organisation (actin/myosin filaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules) as well as extracellular signalling at different cell surface receptors (RAGE and integrins). Finally, we shall attempt to demonstrate how aberrant expression of the S100 proteins may lead to pathological events and human disorders and furthermore provide a rationale to possibly explain why the expression of some of the S100 proteins (mainly S100A4 and S100P) has led to conflicting results on motility, depending on the cells used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane R. Gross
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Connie Goh Then Sin
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Roger Barraclough
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Philip S. Rudland
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
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Chen H, Xu C, Jin Q, Liu Z. S100 protein family in human cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:89-115. [PMID: 24660101 PMCID: PMC3960449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
S100 protein family has been implicated in multiple stages of tumorigenesis and progression. Among the S100 genes, 22 are clustered at chromosome locus 1q21, a region frequently rearranged in cancers. S100 protein possesses a wide range of intracellular and extracellular functions such as regulation of calcium homeostasis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell invasion and motility, cytoskeleton interactions, protein phosphorylation, regulation of transcriptional factors, autoimmunity, chemotaxis, inflammation and pluripotency. Many lines of evidence suggest that altered expression of S100 proteins was associated with tumor progression and prognosis. Therefore, S100 proteins might also represent potential tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the evidence connecting S100 protein family and cancer and discuss the mechanisms by which S100 exerts its diverse functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chengshan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qing'e Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021, China
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Annexin A2: its molecular regulation and cellular expression in cancer development. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:308976. [PMID: 24591759 PMCID: PMC3925611 DOI: 10.1155/2014/308976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) orchestrates multiple biologic processes and clinical associations, especially in cancer progression. The structure of ANXA2 affects its cellular localization and function. However, posttranslational modification and protease-mediated N-terminal cleavage also play critical roles in regulating ANXA2. ANXA2 expression levels vary among different types of cancers. With some cancers, ANXA2 can be used for the detection and diagnosis of cancer and for monitoring cancer progression. ANXA2 is also required for drug-resistance. This review discusses the feasibility of ANXA2 which is active in cancer development and can be a therapeutic target in cancer management.
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Maryáš J, Faktor J, Dvořáková M, Struhárová I, Grell P, Bouchal P. Proteomics in investigation of cancer metastasis: Functional and clinical consequences and methodological challenges. Proteomics 2014; 14:426-40. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Maryáš
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Faktor
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology; Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Monika Dvořáková
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology; Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Iva Struhárová
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology; Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Peter Grell
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care; Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bouchal
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology; Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute; Brno Czech Republic
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated whether pancreatic main duct fluid can provide protein biomarkers with prognostic value. METHODS Mass spectrometry proteomics was applied to as little as 20µL of fluid collected at the time of tumor surgical resection. Biomarker proteins identified for 27 patients were correlated with clinical outcomes. RESULTS Thirteen patients had pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, 4 had intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with in situ adenocarcinoma, 5 had ampullary adenocarcinomas, 2 had intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, and 3 had benign diseases. In pathologic stage II or higher pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, moderate or high expression of S100A8 or S100A9 proteins was associated with a median disease recurrence-free survival of 5.8 months compared with 17.3 months in patients with low expression (P = 0.002). Median overall survival was 12.6 versus 27 months for patients with moderate to high versus low S100A8 and A9 expression (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS This analysis suggests distinct proteomic signatures for pancreatic cancer. Patients in our study with elevated levels of S100A8 or A9 in the ductal fluid, a near absence of pancreatic enzymes, and high levels of mucins were found to have significantly worse prognosis. Although further validation is needed to corroborate these findings, analysis of pancreatic ductal fluid is a promising tool for identifying biomarkers of interest.
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DUAN LIANG, WU RUI, ZOU ZHENGYU, WANG HAIYAN, YE LIWEI, LI HUAN, YUAN SHIMEI, LI XUERU, ZHA HE, SUN HUI, ZHANG YUNYUAN, CHEN XIAN, ZHOU LAN. S100A6 stimulates proliferation and migration of colorectal carcinoma cells through activation of the MAPK pathways. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:781-90. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Li Z, Tang M, Ling B, Liu S, Zheng Y, Nie C, Yuan Z, Zhou L, Guo G, Tong A, Wei Y. Increased expression of S100A6 promotes cell proliferation and migration in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2013; 92:291-303. [PMID: 24281831 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-013-1104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED High levels of S100A6 have been associated with poor outcome in some types of human cancers, but the role of S100A6 in the molecular pathogenesis of these cancers is largely unknown. This study was performed to explore the expression and functional roles of S100A6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression level of S100A6 in HCC tumor and corresponding peritumoral tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry analysis. The potential functions of S100A6 in tumorigenesis and metastasis were analyzed by cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays in human liver cancer cells. Moreover, through expression and purification of S100A6 recombinant protein tagged with cell-penetrating peptide, we analyzed its complex extracellular/intracellular effects in a S100A6-silenced cellular model. As a result, the expression of S100A6 was up-regulated in human HCC compared with adjacent peritumoral tissues. S100A6 silencing inhibited the growth and motility of HCC cells, while intracellular re-expression of S100A6 could rescue the proliferation and migration defects. Intracellular over-expression of S100A6 resulted in down-regulation of E-cadherin expression and promoted nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. Moreover, we found that the enhanced cell proliferation and motility after S100A6 stimulation were dependent on the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. These results suggest that S100A6 may be involved in promotion and progression of human liver cancer. KEY MESSAGES S100A6 is overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma clinical specimens. S100A6 promotes proliferation and migration of human hepatoma cells. Overexpression of S100A6 results in alteration of E-cadherin and β-catenin. The multi-effects of S100A6 may be mediated in part by PI3K/AKT pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China,
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