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Olivares-Vicente M, Sánchez-Marzo N, Herranz-López M, Micol V. Analysis of Lemon Verbena Polyphenol Metabolome and Its Correlation with Oxidative Stress under Glucotoxic Conditions in Adipocyte. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:9768-9781. [PMID: 38629896 PMCID: PMC11066870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Lemon verbena has been shown to ameliorate obesity-related oxidative stress, but the intracellular final effectors underlying its antioxidant activity are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to correlate the antioxidant capacity of plasma metabolites of lemon verbena (verbascoside, isoverbascoside, hydroxytyrosol, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, homoprotocatechuic acid, and luteolin-7-diglucuronide) with their uptake and intracellular metabolism in hypertrophic adipocytes under glucotoxic conditions. To this end, intracellular ROS levels were measured, and the intracellular metabolites were identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS). The results showed that the plasma metabolites of lemon verbena are absorbed by adipocytes and metabolized through phase II reactions and that the intracellular appearance of these metabolites correlates with the decrease in the level of glucotoxicity-induced oxidative stress. It is postulated that the biotransformation and accumulation of these metabolites in adipocytes contribute to the long-term antioxidant activity of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariló Olivares-Vicente
- Instituto
de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología
Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández
(UMH), Elche 03202, Spain
| | - Noelia Sánchez-Marzo
- Instituto
de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología
Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández
(UMH), Elche 03202, Spain
| | - María Herranz-López
- Instituto
de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología
Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández
(UMH), Elche 03202, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto
de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología
Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández
(UMH), Elche 03202, Spain
- CIBER:
CB12/03/30038, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición,
CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III
(ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain
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2
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Li Y, Bouza M, Wu C, Guo H, Huang D, Doron G, Temenoff JS, Stecenko AA, Wang ZL, Fernández FM. Sub-nanoliter metabolomics via mass spectrometry to characterize volume-limited samples. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5625. [PMID: 33159052 PMCID: PMC7648103 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The human metabolome provides a window into the mechanisms and biomarkers of various diseases. However, because of limited availability, many sample types are still difficult to study by metabolomic analyses. Here, we present a mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics strategy that only consumes sub-nanoliter sample volumes. The approach consists of combining a customized metabolomics workflow with a pulsed MS ion generation method, known as triboelectric nanogenerator inductive nanoelectrospray ionization (TENGi nanoESI) MS. Samples tested with this approach include exhaled breath condensate collected from cystic fibrosis patients as well as in vitro-cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells. Both test samples are only available in minimum amounts. Experiments show that picoliter-volume spray pulses suffice to generate high-quality spectral fingerprints, which increase the information density produced per unit sample volume. This TENGi nanoESI strategy has the potential to fill in the gap in metabolomics where liquid chromatography-MS-based analyses cannot be applied. Our method opens up avenues for future investigations into understanding metabolic changes caused by diseases or external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Li
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Marcos Bouza
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Changsheng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hengyu Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Danning Huang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Gilad Doron
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Johnna S Temenoff
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Arlene A Stecenko
- Emory + Children's Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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3
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Müller KH, Hayward R, Rajan R, Whitehead M, Cobb AM, Ahmad S, Sun M, Goldberga I, Li R, Bashtanova U, Puszkarska AM, Reid DG, Brooks RA, Skepper JN, Bordoloi J, Chow WY, Oschkinat H, Groombridge A, Scherman OA, Harrison JA, Verhulst A, D'Haese PC, Neven E, Needham LM, Lee SF, Shanahan CM, Duer MJ. Poly(ADP-Ribose) Links the DNA Damage Response and Biomineralization. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3124-3138.e13. [PMID: 31189100 PMCID: PMC6581741 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization of the extracellular matrix is an essential, regulated process. Inappropriate mineralization of bone and the vasculature has devastating effects on patient health, yet an integrated understanding of the chemical and cell biological processes that lead to mineral nucleation remains elusive. Here, we report that biomineralization of bone and the vasculature is associated with extracellular poly(ADP-ribose) synthesized by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases in response to oxidative and/or DNA damage. We use ultrastructural methods to show poly(ADP-ribose) can form both calcified spherical particles, reminiscent of those found in vascular calcification, and biomimetically calcified collagen fibrils similar to bone. Importantly, inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) biosynthesis in vitro and in vivo inhibits biomineralization, suggesting a therapeutic route for the treatment of vascular calcifications. We conclude that poly(ADP-ribose) plays a central chemical role in both pathological and physiological extracellular matrix calcification. Poly(ADP-ribose) is found close to ECM calcification in developing bone and arteries Poly(ADP-ribose) is produced in response to oxidative stress and delivered to the ECM Poly(ADP-ribose) forms dense liquid droplets with calcium ions Inhibiting PARP enzyme activity blocks calcification in vitro and in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Müller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Robert Hayward
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Rakesh Rajan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Meredith Whitehead
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Andrew M Cobb
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Sadia Ahmad
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Mengxi Sun
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ieva Goldberga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Uliana Bashtanova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Anna M Puszkarska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Roger A Brooks
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cambridge, Box 180, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Jeremy N Skepper
- Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Department of Physiology, Development and Neurobiology, Downing Site, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Jayanta Bordoloi
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Wing Ying Chow
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Str 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Str 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex Groombridge
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - James A Harrison
- Cycle Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Bailey Grundy Barrett Building, Little St. Mary's Lane, Cambridge CB2 1RR, UK
| | - Anja Verhulst
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patrick C D'Haese
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ellen Neven
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lisa-Maria Needham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Steven F Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK.
| | - Melinda J Duer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Peiró C, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Nevado J. Polyphenols Attenuate Highly-Glycosylated Haemoglobin-Induced Damage in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070572. [PMID: 32630324 PMCID: PMC7402166 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the cytoprotective role of the dietary polyphenols on putative damage induced by Amadori adducts in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells (HPMCs). Increased accumulation of early products of non-enzymatic protein glycation-Amadori adducts-in the peritoneal dialysis fluid due to their high glucose, induces severe damage in mesothelial cells during peritoneal dialysis. Dietary polyphenols reportedly have numerous health benefits in various diseases and have been used as an efficient antioxidant in the context of several oxidative stress-related pathologies. HPMCs isolated from different patients were exposed to Amadori adducts (highly glycated haemoglobin, at physiological concentrations), and subsequently treated with several polyphenols, mostly presented in our Mediterranean diet. We studied several Amadori-induced effects in pro-apoptotic and oxidative stress markers, as well as the expression of several pro-inflammatory genes (nuclear factor-kappaB, NF-kB; inducible Nitric Oxide synthetase, iNOS), different caspase-activities, level of P53 protein or production of different reactive oxygen species in the presence of different polyphenols. In fact, cytoprotective agents such as dietary polyphenols may represent an alternate approach to protect mesothelial cells from the cytotoxicity of Amadori adducts. The interference with the Amadori adducts-triggered mechanisms could represent a therapeutic tool to reduce complications associated with peritoneal dialysis in the peritoneum, helping to maintain peritoneal membrane function longer in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-912-115-176
| | - Concepción Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, 28905 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Julián Nevado
- Genomic and Molecular Nephropathy Sections, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPaz-Hospital Universitario La Paz, y Centro de Investigación Básica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28046 Madrid, Spain;
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5
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Expression of glucose transporters in the human amnion derived mesenchymal stromal cells under normoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Norton CE, Sinkler SY, Jacobsen NL, Segal SS. Advanced age protects resistance arteries of mouse skeletal muscle from oxidative stress through attenuating apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide. J Physiol 2019; 597:3801-3816. [PMID: 31124136 DOI: 10.1113/jp278255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Vascular oxidative stress increases with advancing age. We hypothesized that resistance vessels develop resilience to oxidative stress to protect functional integrity and tested this hypothesis by exposing isolated pressurized superior epigastric arteries (SEAs) of old and young mice to H2 O2 . H2 O2 -induced death was greater in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) than endothelial cells (ECs) and lower in SEAs from old vs. young mice; the rise in vessel wall [Ca2+ ]i induced by H2 O2 was attenuated with ageing, as was the decline in noradrenergic vasoconstriction; genetic deletion of IL-10 mimicked the effects of advanced age on cell survival. Inhibiting NO synthase or scavenging peroxynitrite reduced SMC death; endothelial denudation or inhibiting gap junctions increased SMC death; delocalization of cytochrome C activated caspases 9 and 3 to induce apoptosis. Vascular cells develop resilience to H2 O2 during ageing by preventing Ca2+ overload and endothelial integrity promotes SMC survival. ABSTRACT Advanced age is associated with elevated oxidative stress and can protect the endothelium from cell death induced by H2 O2 . Whether such protection occurs for intact vessels or differs between smooth muscle cell (SMC) and endothelial cell (EC) layers is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that ageing protects SMCs and ECs during acute exposure to H2 O2 (200 µm, 50 min). Mouse superior epigastric arteries (SEAs; diameter, ∼150 µm) were isolated and pressurized to 100 cmH2 O at 37˚C. For SEAs from young (4 months) mice, H2 O2 killed 57% of SMCs and 11% of ECs in males vs. 8% and 2%, respectively, in females. Therefore, SEAs from males were studied to resolve the effect of ageing and experimental interventions. For old (24 months) mice, SMC death was reduced to 10% with diminished accumulation of [Ca2+ ]i in the vessel wall during H2 O2 exposure. In young mice, genetic deletion of IL-10 mimicked the protective effect of ageing on cell death and [Ca2+ ]i accumulation. Whereas endothelial denudation or gap junction inhibition (carbenoxolone; 100 µm) increased SMC death, inhibiting NO synthase (l-NAME, 100 µm) or scavenging peroxynitrite (FeTPPS, 5 µm) reduced SMC death along with [Ca2+ ]i . Despite NO toxicity via peroxynitrite formation, endothelial integrity protects SMCs. Caspase inhibition (Z-VAD-FMK, 50 µm) attenuated cell death with immunostaining for annexin V, cytochrome C, and caspases 3 and 9 pointing to induction of intrinsic apoptosis during H2 O2 exposure. We conclude that advanced age reduces Ca2+ influx that triggers apoptosis, thereby promoting resilience of the vascular wall during oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Norton
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Shenghua Y Sinkler
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Nicole L Jacobsen
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Steven S Segal
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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7
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Effect of the PTHrP(1-34) analog abaloparatide on inducing chondrogenesis involves inhibition of intracellular reactive oxygen species production. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:960-965. [PMID: 30654932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by a progressive loss of articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells transplanted to damaged tissues are promising for OA cartilage repair. However, these cells are poor survival after transplantation and acquire hypertrophic properties during chondrogenic induction. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) promotes chondrogenesis and suppresses chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation. Additionally, PTHrP was reported to have anti-oxidant effects. The synthetic PTHrP(1-34) analog abaloparatide (ABL) is a newly approved drug for osteoporosis therapy. It is unknown whether ABL stimulates chondrogenesis and affects intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. By using mouse embryonic limb bud mesenchymal stem cells in micromass culture as an in vitro model of chondrogenic differentiation, we found that mesenchymal stem cells in micromass cultures spontaneously produced ROS, and N-acetyl-l-cysteine, a potent antioxidant, enhanced chondrogenesis. The effect of ABL on stimulation of chondrogenesis is involved in its inhibition of intracellular ROS generation. These novel findings support the use of ABL for the damaged cartilage regeneration.
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8
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Portal-Núñez S, Ardura JA, Lozano D, Martínez de Toda I, De la Fuente M, Herrero-Beaumont G, Largo R, Esbrit P. Parathyroid hormone-related protein exhibits antioxidant features in osteoblastic cells through its N-terminal and osteostatin domains. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:58-68. [PMID: 29330344 PMCID: PMC5805825 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.71.bjr-2016-0242.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Oxidative stress plays a major role in the onset and progression of involutional osteoporosis. However, classical antioxidants fail to restore osteoblast function. Interestingly, the bone anabolism of parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown to be associated with its ability to counteract oxidative stress in osteoblasts. The PTH counterpart in bone, which is the PTH-related protein (PTHrP), displays osteogenic actions through both its N-terminal PTH-like region and the C-terminal domain. Methods We examined and compared the antioxidant capacity of PTHrP (1-37) with the C-terminal PTHrP domain comprising the 107-111 epitope (osteostatin) in both murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and primary human osteoblastic cells. Results We showed that both N- and C-terminal PTHrP peptides at 100 nM decreased reactive oxygen species production and forkhead box protein O activation following hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidation, which was related to decreased lipid oxidative damage and caspase-3 activation in these cells. This was associated with their ability to restore the deleterious effects of H2O2 on cell growth and alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as on the expression of various osteoblast differentiation genes. The addition of Rp-cyclic 3′,5′-hydrogen phosphorothioate adenosine triethylammonium salt (a cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate antagonist) and calphostin C (a protein kinase C inhibitor), or a PTH type 1 receptor antagonist, abrogated the effects of N-terminal PTHrP, whereas protein phosphatase 1 (an Src kinase activity inhibitor), SU1498 (a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor), or an anti osteostatin antiserum, inhibited the effects of C-terminal PTHrP. Conclusion These findings indicate that the antioxidant properties of PTHrP act through its N- and C-terminal domains and provide novel insights into the osteogenic action of PTHrP. Cite this article: S. Portal-Núñez, J. A. Ardura, D. Lozano, I. Martínez de Toda, M. De la Fuente, G. Herrero-Beaumont, R. Largo, P. Esbrit. Parathyroid hormone-related protein exhibits antioxidant features in osteoblastic cells through its N-terminal and osteostatin domains. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:58–68. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.71.BJR-2016-0242.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Portal-Núñez
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, The Institution of Health Research (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Ardura
- The Institution of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo CEU Madrid, Spain
| | - D Lozano
- Department of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Martínez de Toda
- Animal Physiology II. Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - M De la Fuente
- Animal Physiology II. Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Herrero-Beaumont
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, The Institution of Health Research (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Largo
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, The Institution of Health Research (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Esbrit
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, The Institution of Health Research (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Cruces KP, Riestra Ayora J, Martín-Sanz E, Sanz-Fernández R. BCG immune activation reduces growth and angiogenesis in an in vitro model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Vaccine 2017; 35:6395-6403. [PMID: 29029943 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide and is associated with poor survival and significant treatment morbidity. The immune profile in patients with HNSCC is immunosuppressive and presents cytokine-mediated adaptive immune responses, triggered apoptosis of T cells, and alterations in antigen processing machinery. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy has been used successfully as a treatment for several types of cancer. In the present study, we sought to determine the antitumor effect of soluble mediators from peripheral blood mononuclear immune cells (PBMCs) activated with BCG vaccine in a three-dimensional coculture model of HNSCC growth using FaDu hypopharynx carcinoma squamous cells. BCG activation of PBMCs led to an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets concomitant with an elevation in the levels of the antitumor cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, and a EGFR in FaDu cells. In addition, coculture with BCG-activated PBMCs reduced FaDu proliferation and increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis in parallel with an increase in caspase-3 activity and p53 expression. Finally, conditioned medium from BCG-activated PBMCs reduced the levels of the angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-2 produced by human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), and inhibited their proliferation and differentiation into capillary-like structures. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BCG vaccination induces antitumor responses in an HNSCC in vitro model and suggest that the BCG vaccine could be an effective alternative therapy for the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keyliz Peraza Cruces
- Department of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12,500, Getafe, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Riestra Ayora
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12,500, Getafe, Madrid, Spain; European University of Madrid, Calle del Tajo S/N, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Martín-Sanz
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12,500, Getafe, Madrid, Spain; European University of Madrid, Calle del Tajo S/N, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Sanz-Fernández
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12,500, Getafe, Madrid, Spain; European University of Madrid, Calle del Tajo S/N, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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San Hipólito-Luengo Á, Alcaide A, Ramos-González M, Cercas E, Vallejo S, Romero A, Talero E, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Motilva V, Peiró C. Dual Effects of Resveratrol on Cell Death and Proliferation of Colon Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:1019-1027. [PMID: 28937798 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1359309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains a main cause of deaths worldwide, and novel agents are being searched to treat this disease. Polyphenols have emerged as promising therapeutic tools in cancer. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydoxy-trans-stilbene) induces cell death in different tumor cell lines, and it also stimulates the proliferation of specific breast and prostate cancer cell lines. Here, we studied the impact of resveratrol over a 100-fold concentration range on cell death and proliferation of HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. After 96 h of treatment, a biphasic pattern was observed. At lower concentrations (1 and 10 μmol/l), resveratrol increased the cell number, as did the polyphenol quercetin. At 50 or 100 μmol/l, resveratrol reduced the cell number and increased the percentage of apoptotic or necrotic cells, thus indicating cytotoxicity. On HCT116 colon cancer cells, however, no proliferative properties of resveratrol were observed. Resveratrol-induced cytotoxicity on HT-29 cells was associated with NADPH oxidase activation and increased levels of histone γH2AX, a marker of DNA damage, paralleled by enhanced sirtuin 6 levels, likely as a repair mechanism. Overall, resveratrol may be an effective tool in anti-tumor chemotherapy. However, since under some conditions it may favor tumor cell growth, appropriate local concentrations must be achieved to minimize unwanted effects of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Alcaide
- b Department of Pharmacology , Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | | | - Elena Cercas
- a Department of Pharmacology , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Susana Vallejo
- a Department of Pharmacology , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Alejandra Romero
- a Department of Pharmacology , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Elena Talero
- b Department of Pharmacology , Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | | | - Virginia Motilva
- b Department of Pharmacology , Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Concepción Peiró
- a Department of Pharmacology , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
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11
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Swaminathan G, Stoilov I, Broekelmann T, Mecham R, Ramamurthi A. Phenotype-based selection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived smooth muscle cells for elastic matrix regenerative repair in abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e60-e70. [PMID: 27860330 DOI: 10.1002/term.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic proteolytic disruption of elastic fibres within the abdominal aortic wall results in wall vessel expansion to form rupture-prone abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Arresting AAA growth is not possible as adult vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) poorly auto-regenerate and repair elastic fibres. Thus, there is a need to identify alternate cell sources capable of robust elastic matrix assembly to overcome elastolysis in the AAA wall. Previously, we demonstrated the superior elastogenic properties of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC)-derived SMCs (BM-SMCs) relative to aneurysmal and healthy rat aortic SMCs. In the present study, we investigate how phenotypic coordinates of the derived BM-SMCs, in turn dependent on conditions of BM-MSC differentiation, impact their elastic matrix synthesis abilities. More specifically, we investigated how glucose content, serum levels and the presence of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 supplements alone or together with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) in the differentiation medium influence phenotype of, and elastogenesis by derived rat BM-SMCs. BM-SMCs generated in low-glucose and 10% v/v serum conditions in the presence of TGF-β1 with or without PDGF-BB exhibited a mature phenotype characterized by contractility and migrative tendencies similar to healthy rat aortic SMCs, and yet capable of robust tropoelastin (precursor) synthesis and assembly of a fibrous, highly crosslinked elastic matrix. Thus, we have identified metrics and conditions for selecting BM-SMCs with superior elastogenesis for in situ elastic matrix regeneration. Future studies will focus on characterizing these specific BM-SMC subtypes for their pro-elastogenic and anti-proteolytic effects on aneurysmal SMCs to confirm their preferred use for therapy aimed at AAA tissue regenerative repair. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Swaminathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Ivan Stoilov
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tom Broekelmann
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert Mecham
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anand Ramamurthi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
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12
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Sutariya B, Taneja N, Badgujar L, Saraf M. Modulatory effect of betanin on high glucose induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in renal proximal tubular cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:18-28. [PMID: 28214684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Sutariya
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400068, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neetika Taneja
- Department of Pharmaceutics, C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, Juhu Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400049, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lohit Badgujar
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400068, Maharashtra, India
| | - Madhusudan Saraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400068, Maharashtra, India.
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13
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Rezabakhsh A, Nabat E, Yousefi M, Montazersaheb S, Cheraghi O, Mehdizadeh A, Fathi F, Movassaghpour AA, Maleki-Dizaji N, Rahbarghazi R, Garjani A. Endothelial cells' biophysical, biochemical, and chromosomal aberrancies in high-glucose condition within the diabetic range. Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 35:83-97. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Elahe Nabat
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Tabriz; Tabriz Iran
| | - Mina Yousefi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch; Ahar Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Omid Cheraghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Tabriz; Tabriz Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN); Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Nasrin Maleki-Dizaji
- Drug Applied Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Alireza Garjani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
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14
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Li J, Li W, Su J, Liu W, Altura BT, Altura BM. Peroxynitrite Induces Apoptosis in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells: Possible Relation to Vascular Diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 229:264-9. [PMID: 14988519 DOI: 10.1177/153537020422900307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An emerging body of evidence is accumulating to suggest that in vivo formation of free radicals in the vasculature, such as peroxynitrite (ONOO–), and programmed cell death (i.e., apoptosis) play important roles in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and restenosis. The present study was designed to determine whether primary rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) undergo apoptosis following treatment with ONOO–. Direct exposure of primary rat aortic SMCs to ONOO– induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, as confirmed by means of quantitative fluorescence staining and TUNEL assays. ONOO–-induced apoptosis in rat aortic SMCs appears to involve activation of Ca2+-dependent endonucleases. Although the precise mechanisms by which peroxynitrite induces apoptosis in rat aortic SMCs need to be further investigated, the present, preliminary findings could be used to suggest that ONOO– formation in the vasculature may play roles in the processes of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and restenosis, via adverse actions on blood vessels.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endonucleases/drug effects
- Endonucleases/metabolism
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Male
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Peroxynitrous Acid/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Li
- Department of Physiology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA
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15
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Ardura JA, Portal-Núñez S, Castelbón-Calvo I, Martínez de Toda I, De la Fuente M, Esbrit P. Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein Protects Osteoblastic Cells From Oxidative Stress by Activation of MKP1 Phosphatase. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:785-796. [PMID: 27357344 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage is an important contributor to the morphological and functional changes in osteoporotic bone. Aging increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress and induce osteoblast apoptosis. ROS modify several signaling responses, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, related to cell survival. Both parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its bone counterpart, PTH-related protein (PTHrP), can regulate MAPK activation by modulating MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP1). Thus, we hypothesized that PTHrP might protect osteoblasts from ROS-induced apoptosis by targeting MKP1. In osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 and MG-63 cells, H2 O2 triggered p38, JNK, ERK and p66Shc phosphorylation, and cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, PTHrP (1-37) rapidly but transiently increased ERK and Akt phosphorylation without affecting p38, JNK, or p66Shc activation. H2 O2 -induced p38 and ERK phosphorylation and apoptosis were both decreased by pre-treatment with specific kinase inhibitors or PTHrP (1-37) in both osteoblastic cell types. These dephosphorylating and prosurvival actions of PTHrP (1-37) were prevented by a phosphatase inhibitor cocktail, the phosphatase MKP1 inhibitor sanguinarine or a MKP1 siRNA. PTHrP (1-37) promptly enhanced MKP1 protein and gene expression and MKP1-dependent catalase activity in osteoblastic cells. Furthermore, exposure to PTHrP (1-37) adsorbed in an implanted hydroxyapatite-based ceramic into a tibial defect in aging rats increased MKP1 and catalase gene expression in the healing bone area. Our findings demonstrate that PTHrP counteracts the pro-apoptotic actions of ROS by a mechanism dependent on MKP1-induced dephosphorylation of MAPKs in osteoblasts. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 785-796, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Ardura
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM and Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa de Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA)-Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Portal-Núñez
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM and Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa de Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irantzu Castelbón-Calvo
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM and Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa de Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Faculty of Biology, Animal Physiology II, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Esbrit
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM and Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa de Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Harith HH, Di Bartolo BA, Cartland SP, Genner S, Kavurma MM. Insulin promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis via differential regulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. J Diabetes 2016; 8:568-78. [PMID: 26333348 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin regulates glucose homeostasis but can also promote vascular smooth muscle (VSMC) proliferation, important in atherogenesis. Recently, we showed that tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) stimulates intimal thickening via accelerated growth of VSMCs. The aim of the present study was to determine whether insulin-induced effects on VSMCs occur via TRAIL. METHODS Expression of TRAIL and TRAIL receptor in response to insulin and glucose was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Transcriptional activity was assessed using wild-type and site-specific mutations of the TRAIL promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies were performed. VSMC proliferation and apoptosis was measured. RESULTS Insulin and glucose exposure to VSMC for 24 h stimulated TRAIL mRNA expression. This was also evident at the transcriptional level. Both insulin- and glucose-inducible TRAIL transcriptional activity was blocked by dominant-negative specificity protein-1 (Sp1) overexpression. There are five functional Sp1-binding elements (Sp1-1, Sp1-2, Sp-5/6 and Sp1-7) on the TRAIL promoter. Insulin required the Sp1-1 and Sp1-2 sites, but glucose needed all Sp1-binding sites to induce transcription. Furthermore, insulin (but not glucose) was able to promote VSMC proliferation over time, associated with increased decoy receptor-2 (DcR2) expression. In contrast, chronic 5-day exposure of VSMC to 1 µg/mL insulin repressed TRAIL and DcR2 expression, and reduced Sp1 enrichment on the TRAIL promoter. This was associated with increased cell death. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study provide a new mechanistic insight into how TRAIL is regulated by insulin. This may have significant implications at different stages of diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease. Thus, TRAIL may offer a novel therapeutic solution to combat insulin-induced vascular pathologies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Glucose/pharmacology
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/genetics
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/genetics
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanis H Harith
- Centre for Vascular Research
- School of Medical Sciences UNSW, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Belinda A Di Bartolo
- The Heart Research Institute
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Siân P Cartland
- The Heart Research Institute
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Mary M Kavurma
- The Heart Research Institute
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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17
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Palao-Suay R, Rodrigáñez L, Aguilar MR, Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Parra F, Fernández M, Parra J, Riestra-Ayora J, Sanz-Fernández R, San Román J. Mitochondrially Targeted Nanoparticles Based on α-TOS for the Selective Cancer Treatment. Macromol Biosci 2015; 16:395-411. [PMID: 26632009 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is the preparation of an active nanovehicle for the effective administration of α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS). α-TOS is loaded in the core of nanoparticles (NPs) based on amphiphilic pseudo-block copolymers of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and a methacrylic derivative of α-TOS. These well-defined spherical NPs have sizes below 165 nm and high encapsulation efficiencies. In vitro activity of NPs is tested in hypopharynx squamous carcinoma (FaDu) cells and nonmalignant epithelial cells, demonstrating that the presence of additional α-TOS significantly enhances its antiproliferative activity; however, a range of selective concentrations is observed. These NPs induce apoptosis of FaDu cells by activating the mitochondria death pathway (via caspase-9). Both loaded and unloaded NPs act via complex II and produce high levels of reactive oxygen species that trigger apoptosis. Additionally, these NPs effectively suppress the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). These results open the possibility to use this promising nanoformulation as an α-TOS delivery system for the effective cancer treatment, effectively resolving the current limitations of free α-TOS administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Palao-Suay
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Laura Rodrigáñez
- Foundation for Biomedical Research, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12, 500, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rosa Aguilar
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Carolina Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Foundation for Biomedical Research, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12, 500, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain.,European University of Madrid, C/Tajo s/n. 28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Parra
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Fernández
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Juan Parra
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain.,Clinical Research and Experimental Biopathology Unit, Healthcare Complex of Ávila, SACYL. C/Jesús del Gran Poder 42, 05003, Ávila, Spain
| | - Juan Riestra-Ayora
- Foundation for Biomedical Research, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12, 500, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sanz-Fernández
- Foundation for Biomedical Research, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12, 500, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain.,European University of Madrid, C/Tajo s/n. 28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio San Román
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
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18
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Chen TC, Sung ML, Kuo HC, Chien SJ, Yen CK, Chen CN. Differential regulation of human aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation by monocyte-derived macrophages from diabetic patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113752. [PMID: 25409512 PMCID: PMC4237499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage accumulation in the arterial wall and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation are features of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and its vascular complications. However, the effects of diabetic monocyte-derived macrophages on vascular SMC proliferation are not clearly understood. In the present study, we investigated the pro-proliferative effect of macrophages isolated from DM patients on vascular SMCs. Macrophage-conditioned media (MCM) were prepared from macrophages isolated from DM patients. DM-MCM treatment induced HASMC proliferation, decreased p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) expressions, and increased microRNA (miR)-17-5p and miR-221 expressions. Inhibition of either miR-17-5p or miR-221 inhibited DM-MCM-induced cell proliferation. Inhibition of miR-17-5p abolished DM-MCM-induced p21(Cip1) down-regulation; and inhibition of miR-221 attenuated the DM-MCM-induced p27(Kip1) down-regulation. Furthermore, blocking assays demonstrated that PDGF-CC in DM-MCM is the major mediators of cell proliferation in SMCs. In conclusion, our present data support the hypothesis that SMC proliferation stimulated by macrophages may play critical roles in vascular complications in DM patients and suggest a new mechanism by which arterial disease is accelerated in diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aorta/cytology
- Becaplermin
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Humans
- Lymphokines/analysis
- Macrophages/cytology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/cytology
- Monocytes/immunology
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Osteopontin/genetics
- Osteopontin/metabolism
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/analysis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Chuan Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Ling Sung
- Department of Cardiology, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chun Kuo
- Institute of Nursing and Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, CGUST, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Ju Chien
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Kuang Yen
- Department of Cardiology, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Nan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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19
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Shamhart PE, Luther DJ, Adapala RK, Bryant JE, Petersen KA, Meszaros JG, Thodeti CK. Hyperglycemia enhances function and differentiation of adult rat cardiac fibroblasts. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:598-604. [PMID: 24959995 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease that can eventually cause cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Cardiac fibroblasts (CF) are the critical mediators of physiological and pathological cardiac remodeling; however, the effects of hyperglycemia on cardiac fibroblast function and differentiation is not well known. Here, we performed a comprehensive investigation on the effects of hyperglycemia on cardiac fibroblasts and show that hyperglycemia enhances cardiac fibroblast function and differentiation. We found that high glucose treatment increased collagen I, III, and VI gene expression in rat adult cardiac fibroblasts. Interestingly, hyperglycemia increased CF migration and proliferation that is augmented by collagen I and III. Surprisingly, we found that short term hyperglycemia transiently inhibited ERK1/2 activation but increased AKT phosphorylation. Finally, high glucose treatment increased spontaneous differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts with increasing passage compared with low glucose. Taken together, these findings suggest that hyperglycemia induces cardiac fibrosis by modulating collagen expression, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Shamhart
- a Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, P.O. Box 95, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
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20
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López-Herradón A, Portal-Núñez S, García-Martín A, Lozano D, Pérez-Martínez FC, Ceña V, Esbrit P. Inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway by high glucose can be reversed by parathyroid hormone-related protein in osteoblastic cells. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:1908-16. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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21
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Zhao BS, Zhang G, Zeng S, He C, Chen PR. Probing subcellular organic hydroperoxide formation via a genetically encoded ratiometric and reversible fluorescent indicator. Integr Biol (Camb) 2013; 5:1485-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ib40209f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Hu J, Li YL, Li ZL, Li H, Zhou XX, Qiu PC, Yang Q, Wang SW. Chronic supplementation of paeonol combined with danshensu for the improvement of vascular reactivity in the cerebral basilar artery of diabetic rats. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:14565-78. [PMID: 23203081 PMCID: PMC3509597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the leading causes of death in the world is cerebrovascular disease. Numerous Chinese traditional medicines, such as Cortex Moutan (root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrew) and Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), protect against cerebrovascular diseases and exhibit anti-atherosclerotic effects. Traditional medicines have been routinely used for a long time in China. In addition, these two herbs are prescribed together in clinical practice. Therefore, the pharmacodynamic interactions between the active constituents of these two herbs, which are paeonol (Pae) and danshensu (DSS), should be particularly studied. The study of Pae and DSS can provide substantial foundations in understanding their mechanisms and empirical evidence to support clinical practice. This study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of the pharmacodynamic interaction between Pae and DSS on cerebrovascular malfunctioning in diabetes. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats, which was then treated with Pae, DSS, and Pae + DSS for eight weeks. Afterward, cerebral arteries from all groups were isolated and equilibrated in an organ bath with Krebs buffer and ring tension. Effects of Pae, DSS, and Pae + DSS were observed on vessel relaxation with or without endothelium as well as on the basal tonus of vessels from normal and diabetic rats. Indexes about oxidative stress were also determined. We report that the cerebral arteries from diabetic rats show decreased vascular reactivity to acetylcholine (ACh) which was corrected in Pae, DSS, and Pae + DSS treated groups. Furthermore, phenylephrine (PE)-induced contraction response decreased in the treated groups. Phenylephrine and CaCl(2)-induced vasoconstrictions are partially inhibited in the three treated groups under Ca2+-free medium. Pre-incubated with tetraethylammonium, a non-selective K+ channel blocker, the antagonized relaxation responses increased in DSS and Pae + DSS treated diabetic groups compared with those in diabetic and Pae-treated diabetic groups. In addition, superoxide dismutase activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content significantly changed in the presence of Pae + DSS. We therefore conclude that both Pae and DSS treatments prevent diabetes-induced vascular damage. Furthermore, Pae + DSS prove to be the most efficient treatment regimen. The combination of Pae and DSS produce significant protective effects through the reduction of oxidative stress and through intracellular Ca2+ regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (H.L.); (X.-X.Z.); (P.-C.Q.); (Q.Y.)
- General Hospital of Lanzhou Command, PLA, Lanzhou 730050, China; E-Mail:
| | - Ya-Ling Li
- Department of Special Diagnosis, The Second Authority Clinic of Lanzhou Command, PLA, Lanzhou 730000, China; E-Mail:
| | - Zi-Lin Li
- General Hospital of Lanzhou Command, PLA, Lanzhou 730050, China; E-Mail:
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (H.L.); (X.-X.Z.); (P.-C.Q.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Xuan-Xuan Zhou
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (H.L.); (X.-X.Z.); (P.-C.Q.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Peng-Cheng Qiu
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (H.L.); (X.-X.Z.); (P.-C.Q.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (H.L.); (X.-X.Z.); (P.-C.Q.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Si-Wang Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (H.L.); (X.-X.Z.); (P.-C.Q.); (Q.Y.)
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Dhalla NS, Rangi S, Zieroth S, Xu YJ. Alterations in sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial functions in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Exp Clin Cardiol 2012; 17:115-120. [PMID: 23620698 PMCID: PMC3628423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although diabetes due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance is a major cause of heart disease, the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction during the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy is not fully understood. Varying degrees of defects in subcellular organelles, such as sarcolemma, mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils and extracellular matrix have been observed in the diabetic heart. These subcellular abnormalities in chronic diabetes become evident with the occurrence of hormonal imbalance, metabolic defects, oxidative stress and intracellular Ca(2+) overload. During the initial stages of diabetes, hormonal imbalances, including elevated plasma levels of catecholamines and angiotensin II, as well as metabolic defects, appear to favour the development of oxidative stress; these changes lead to subcellular defects in the myocardium. Reductions in sarcoplasmic reticular Ca(2+) pump and Ca(2+) release channel function are associated with cardiac dysfunction, whereas alterations in sarcolemmal Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase activities contribute to intracellular Ca(2+) overload at late stages of diabetes. The continued accumulation of Ca(2+) in mitochondria produces Ca(2+) overload in these organelles, and this change induces impairment of energy production and depletion of energy stores as well as further promotion of oxidative stress in chronic diabetes. Generation of oxyradicals due to impaired electron transport results in the opening of mitochondrial pores, leakage of toxic proteins and myocardial cell damage in diabetes. These observations support the view that alterations in sarcoplasmic reticular and mitochondrial functions produce intracellular Ca(2+) overload and depletion of energy stores and, thus, play an important role in the development of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shelley Zieroth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
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Mishra P, Samanta L. Oxidative stress and heart failure in altered thyroid States. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:741861. [PMID: 22649319 PMCID: PMC3354657 DOI: 10.1100/2012/741861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 12/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased or reduced action of thyroid hormone on certain molecular pathways in the heart and vasculature causes relevant cardiovascular derangements. It is well established that hyperthyroidism induces a hyperdynamic cardiovascular state, which is associated with a faster heart rate, enhanced left ventricular systolic and diastolic function whereas hypothyroidism is characterized by the opposite changes. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism represent opposite clinical conditions, albeit not mirror images. Recent experimental and clinical studies have suggested the involvement of ROS tissue damage under altered thyroid status. Altered-thyroid state-linked changes in heart modify their susceptibility to oxidants and the extent of the oxidative damage they suffer following oxidative challenge. Chronic increase in the cellular levels of ROS can lead to a catastrophic cycle of DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, further ROS generation and cellular injury. Thus, these cellular events might play an important role in the development and progression of myocardial remodeling and heart failure in altered thyroid states (hypo- and hyper-thyroidism). The present review aims at elucidating the various signaling pathways mediated via ROS and their modulation under altered thyroid state and the possibility of antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Odisha, Bhubaneswar 751004, India
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25
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Nin N, Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Ver L, Cardinal P, Ferruelo A, Soto L, Deicas A, Campos N, Rocha O, Ceraso D, El-Assar M, Ortín J, Fernández-Segoviano P, Esteban A, Lorente J. Lung histopathological findings in fatal pandemic influenza A (H1N1). Med Intensiva 2012; 36:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fröhlich JD, Huppertz B, Abuja PM, König J, Desoye G. Oxygen modulates the response of first-trimester trophoblasts to hyperglycemia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 180:153-64. [PMID: 22056361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pregestational diabetes retards early embryonic growth. Placental and fetal growth are closely associated, suggesting that placental growth is also impaired. During the first trimester of gestation, oxygen tension rises steeply, leading to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is exacerbated in diabetes and may affect placental development. We hypothesized that oxygen modifies hyperglycemic effects on ROS formation, resulting in decreased first-trimester trophoblast growth. This was tested using a first trimester trophoblast-derived cell line (ACH-3P). Normoglycemia did not alter ACH-3P proliferation at 2.5%, 8%, and 21% oxygen. Hyperglycemic conditions for up to 3 days reduced cell number by 65% and resulted in cell cycle (G(1)- and S-phase) changes but only at 21% oxygen. Proliferation reduction could be partially restored by an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1/2 but not of Akt/PkB. Intracellular ROS elevation under hyperglycemia was oxygen independent, whereas mitochondrial superoxide levels were enhanced under hyperglycemia only at 21% oxygen. Intervention to modulate cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS, using ROS formation inducers and inhibitors, did not alter cell growth under hyperglycemia at 21% oxygen. The combination of hyperglycemia and high oxygen levels (21%) reduces proliferation of human first-trimester trophoblasts in a ROS-independent manner involving MAPK. This may account for reduced placental growth and, therefore, also for embryonic growth during the first-trimester pregestational diabetic pregnancies when the oxygen tension increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Fröhlich
- Institute of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Damon DH. Vascular endothelial growth factor protects post-ganglionic sympathetic neurones from the detrimental effects of hydrogen peroxide by increasing catalase. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2011; 203:271-8. [PMID: 21276205 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02258.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Vascular production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is implicated in the development and progression of vascular disease. Hydrogen peroxide also promotes neuronal degeneration, which suggests that vascular H(2)O(2) would promote degeneration of perivascular sympathetic nerves. Vascular cells also produce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which could protect perivascular nerves from the detrimental effects of H(2)O(2) . The aim of this study was to test these hypotheses. METHODS The effects of H(2)O(2) and VEGF on neuronal survival and noradrenaline uptake were studied in cultures of rat post-ganglionic sympathetic neurones. Western analyses of catalase and growth associated protein 43 were performed and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using the fluorescent indicator 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2'7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, acetyl ester. RESULTS Hydrogen peroxide (30 μm) decreased the survival of post-ganglionic sympathetic neurones (57.8 ± 4.8% of control) and decreased noradrenaline uptake into the neurones (14 ± 6% of control). Hyperglycaemia, which is known to increase H(2)O(2), also decreased survival (31.4 ± 12% of control) and noradrenaline uptake (42 ± 18.4% of control). VEGF reduced the effects of H(2)O(2) (94.3 ± 12% of control) and hyperglycaemia (83.5 ± 23.6% of control) on survival. VEGF increased catalase, a primary determinant of intracellular concentrations of H(2)O(2) , and decreased H(2)O(2) -induced increases in ROS. CONCLUSION These results indicate that VEGF protects post-ganglionic sympathetic neurones from the detrimental effects of H(2)O(2). Our data suggest that an increase in catalase is the mechanisms underlying this neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Damon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA.
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Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Peiró C, Vallejo S, Matesanz N, El-Assar M, Azcutia V, Romacho T, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Nevado J. Pathways responsible for apoptosis resulting from amadori-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress in human mesothelial cells. Am J Nephrol 2011; 34:104-14. [PMID: 21701161 DOI: 10.1159/000329107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis and inflammatory/oxidative stress have been associated with hyperglycemia in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) and other cell types. We and others have highlighted the role of early products of non-enzymatic protein glycation in inducing proinflammatory conditions and increasing apoptotic rates in HPMCs. Loss of HPMCs seems to be a hallmark of complications associated with peritoneal membrane dysfunction. The aim of this work is to elucidate the mechanisms by which Amadori adducts may act upon HPMC apoptosis. METHODS HPMCs isolated from different patients were exposed to different Amadori adducts, i.e. highly glycated hemoglobin (10 nM) and glycated bovine serum albumin (250 μg/ml), to study cell death and several proapoptotic markers by different experimental approaches. RESULTS Amadori adducts, but not their respective controls, impaired cell proliferation and cell viability by means of apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. They regulated the intrinsic mitochondrial cell death signaling pathway and modulated activation of caspases, Bax, iNOS, p53, NF-κB, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 and JNK) through different reactive oxygen and nitrosative species. CONCLUSIONS Our data strongly support the idea that long-term hyperglycemia could act as an inducer of apoptosis in HPMCs through Amadori adducts, involving different oxidative and nitrosative reactive species.
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Mochizuki H, Ohnuki Y, Kurosawa H. Effect of glucose concentration during embryoid body (EB) formation from mouse embryonic stem cells on EB growth and cell differentiation. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 111:92-7. [PMID: 20869914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Embryoid body (EB) formation is an important step in the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Although glucose concentration is physiologically maintained at 5.5mM (low glucose; LG) in vivo, a medium containing 25 mM glucose (high glucose; HG) has been widely used for forming EBs in vitro. In this study, we investigated the effect of glucose concentration during EB formation from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells on EB growth and cell differentiation. EBs were formed under various glucose concentrations: 40, 25, 5.5, and 0mM. Cells aggregated to form EBs regardless of glucose concentration, but 0mM glucose was not appropriate for supporting EB growth as compared with 25 mM glucose. The EBs that formed in the presence of 5.5mM glucose (LG-EBs) were similar both in terms of appearance and decreased expression levels of undifferentiated-ES-cell-marker genes to the EBs that formed in the presence of 25 mM glucose (HG-EBs). However, there was a difference in the propensity for cell differentiation between LG-EBs and HG-EBs. In directed differentiation cultures of EBs into cardiomyocytes and neuronal cells, the HG-EBs more efficiently generated beating cardiac muscle, and the LG-EBs more specifically generated βIII-tubulin-positive cells. These findings demonstrate that the high-glucose (25 mM) condition was not necessary for EB formation in mouse ES cells, whereas the glucose concentration during EB formation affects the propensity for cell differentiation in the attachment cultures of formed EBs. The physiological low-glucose (5.5mM) condition was suitable for forming EBs directed toward neuronal cell differentiation in mouse ES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemi Mochizuki
- Division of Medicine and Engineering Science, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan
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Significance of chronic marked hyperglycemia on FDG-PET: is it really problematic for clinical oncologic imaging? Ann Nucl Med 2009; 23:657-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-009-0288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Hong JH, Cha YS, Rhee SJ. Effects of the Cellcultured Acanthopanax senticosus Extract on Antioxidative Defense System and Membrane Fluidity in the Liver of Type 2 Diabetes Mouse. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2009; 45:101-9. [PMID: 19590714 PMCID: PMC2704242 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.08-263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of cellcultured Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus) extract on the antioxidative defense system, oxidative stress and cell membrane fluidity in the liver of type 2 diabetes in the C57BL/6J mouse as an animal which is genetically prone to develop insulin resistance and obesity/diabetes. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided, control diet (N-C), high fat diet (DM-C), control diet plus A. senticosus extract (N-CASM), and high fat diet plus A. senticosus extract (DM-CASM). The mice were orally administered an A. senticosus extract (0.5 g/kg body weight) in the N-CASM and DM-CASM groups once a day for 12 weeks, and distilled water in the N-C and DM-C groups. Cellcultured A. senticosus extract was found to be excellent for strengthening the antioxidative defense system, reducing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and damaging oxidative substances, and maintaing membrane fluidity (MF) in the liver of type 2 diabetes mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hee Hong
- The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources, Keimyung University, 1000 Shndang-Dong, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Korea
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Di Stefano V, Cencioni C, Zaccagnini G, Magenta A, Capogrossi MC, Martelli F. p66ShcA modulates oxidative stress and survival of endothelial progenitor cells in response to high glucose. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 82:421-9. [PMID: 19261622 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A close relationship exists between hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, and diabetic complications. In fact, high glucose (HG) determines the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the mitochondria. p66ShcA is a gene that regulates the apoptotic responses to oxidative stress. Indeed, p66ShcA knockout (ko) mice display decreased ROS production and increased resistance to ROS-induced cell death in a variety of pathophysiological settings. Reduced endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) number, differentiation, and function are relevant components of the angiogenesis impairment observed in diabetic patients. We examined the role of p66ShcA in the EPC deficit induced by HG. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse bone marrow-derived c-kit+ cells differentiate in endothelial-like cells when plated on fibronectin (BM-derived EPCs). We found that cell culture in the presence of HG up-regulated p66ShcA protein expression and that HG exposure markedly decreased the number of BM-derived EPCs. Conversely, p66ShcA ko BM-derived EPCs were not sensitive to HG inhibition. Indeed, the resistance of p66ShcA ko BM-derived EPCs to HG was associated with reduced levels of both apoptosis and oxidative stress. To functionally link the HG response to ROS production, p66ShcA ko BM-derived EPCs were reconstituted either with p66ShcA wild-type (wt) or with a p66ShcA allele (p66ShcA qq) that was devoid of its ROS-generating function. We found that only p66ShcA wt and not the qq mutant rescued p66ShcA ko cell sensitivity to HG. One major feature of oxidative stress is its ability to reduce the bio-availability of nitric oxide (NO) that, in turn, plays a crucial role in endothelial differentiation and function. We found that the p66ShcA deletion prevented the HG-induced increase of nitrotyrosine, and that the resistance to HG of p66ShcA ko BM-derived EPCs was prevented by NO synthase inhibition. With a reciprocal approach, the treatment of p66ShcA wt cells with a NO donor prevented the HG-induced deficit. Finally, using a Matrigel plug angiogenesis assay, we demonstrated that p66ShcA ko prevented diabetic impairment of angiogenesis in vivo. CONCLUSION p66ShcA deletion rescues the BM-derived EPCs defect induced by HG, indicating p66ShcA as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Di Stefano
- Laboratorio di Cardiologia Molecolare, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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Hwang IK, Kim DW, Park JH, Lim SS, Yoo KY, Kwon DY, Kim DW, Moon WK, Won MH. Effects of grape seed extract and its ethylacetate/ethanol fraction on blood glucose levels in a model of type 2 diabetes. Phytother Res 2009; 23:1182-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ruiz-Torres MP, Griera M, Chamorro A, Díez-Marqués ML, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M. Tirofiban increases soluble guanylate cyclase in rat vascular walls: pharmacological and pathophysiological consequences. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 82:125-32. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Maier KG. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and diabetes: vascular implications. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2008; 42:305-13. [PMID: 18621880 DOI: 10.1177/1538574408320172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular disease associated with diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is increasing in the United States. It is now recognized that oxidative stress plays a substantial role in the underlying vascular pathology of several diseases, including hypertension and diabetes. In diabetes, there is an increase in the steady state levels of reactive oxygen species. One of the primary generators of reactive oxygen species is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. Studies have indicated that inhibition of this system is associated with vascular benefits in diabetes. Therefore, there may be a role for therapies directed at nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in this disease. This review will examine the structure, activation, potential role in vascular disease, and benefits of inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher G Maier
- Upstate Medical University College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes impairs the ability of tissue to respond adequately to ischemia. The underlying mechanisms contributing to this impaired response remain unknown. Because increases in apoptosis have been linked to a spectrum of diabetic complications, the authors examined whether programmed cell death is involved in the pathogenesis of poor diabetic tissue responses to ischemia. METHODS Analysis for apoptosis and levels of proaptotic protein, p53, were performed on streptozocin-induced diabetic mice and wild-type controls in a murine model of soft-tissue ischemia (n = 6). In vitro, chronic hyperglycemic culture conditions were used to test inducibility and reversibility of the diabetic phenotype. Small interfering RNA was used to assess the role of p53. RESULTS Ischemia-induced apoptosis and p53 levels were increased significantly in diabetic dermal fibroblasts both in vivo and in vitro. Chronic hyperglycemic culture was sufficient to induce the increased apoptotic phenotype, and this was not reversible with long-term normoglycemic conditions. Blocking p53 with small interfering RNA resulted in significant protection against ischemic apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that diabetes causes an increased apoptotic response to ischemia through a p53-mediated mechanism. This increase is not reversible by exposure to low-glucose conditions. This suggests that glycemic control alone will be unable to prevent tissue necrosis in diabetic patients and suggests novel therapeutic strategies for this condition.
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Oxidative stress and COX cause hyper-responsiveness in vascular smooth muscle of the femoral artery from diabetic rats. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:639-51. [PMID: 18414395 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To investigate the dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rings without endothelium of femoral arteries were suspended in organ chambers for isometric tension recording. The production of oxygen-derived free radicals was measured with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate using confocal microscopy. The protein expressions were measured by western blotting. KEY RESULTS The concentration-response curves to U46619 and phenylephrine, but not that to KCl, were shifted to the left, suggesting a hypersensitivity of cell membrane receptors in diabetes. Exogenous oxygen-derived free radicals induced greater vasoconstrictions in the femoral artery from diabetic rats. Chronic treatment with apocynin (inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) and acute exposure to MnTMPyP (SOD/catalase mimetic) normalized the response. The catalase activity and the total glutathione level were reduced in arteries from streptozotocin-treated rats, confirming a redox abnormality. The basal oxidative state was higher in arteries from streptozotocin-treated rats and reduced in arteries from apocynin- and streptozotocin-treated rats, suggesting that the functional changes in diabetes are due to a chronic increase in oxidative stress. In the arteries of streptozotocin-treated rats, inhibitors of COX-1 and/or COX-2 prevented the hypersensitivity and reduced the increase in oxidative stress caused by phenylephrine and U46619, suggesting that both isoforms contribute to the smooth muscle dysfunction. The expression of proteins for COX-1 and COX-2 was increased in arteries of streptozotocin-treated rats and reduced in preparations of apocynin- and streptozotocin-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Chronic diabetes and the resulting increased oxidative stress activate the production of COX-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoids causing hypersensitivity of vascular smooth muscle.
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Tamasko M, Nagy L, Mikolas E, Molnar GA, Wittmann I, Nagy G. An approach toin situdetection of hydrogen peroxide: application of a commercial needle-type electrode. Physiol Meas 2007; 28:1533-42. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/28/12/007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Shah S, Iqbal M, Karam J, Salifu M, McFarlane SI. Oxidative stress, glucose metabolism, and the prevention of type 2 diabetes: pathophysiological insights. Antioxid Redox Signal 2007; 9:911-29. [PMID: 17508914 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2007.1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rising epidemic of type 2 diabetes worldwide, including the United States, the death and disability due to the suboptimal control of cardiovascular disease associated with this epidemic has made prevention of type 2 diabetes emerge as a primary strategic intervention. Several modalities have been assessed in large randomized controlled trials for diabetes prevention such as lifestyle interventions and various pharmacologic agents. Included in these agents are metformin, thiazolidinediones, acarbose, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, as well as angiotensin receptor blockers. Abrogation of oxidative stress appears to be a common soil hypothesis that explains the favorable effects of these agents on glucose metabolism, including the prevention of diabetes and its complications. This comprehensive review highlights the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetes, with emphasis on the major clinical trials conducted on prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shah
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Downstate and Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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Maile LA, Capps BE, Ling Y, Xi G, Clemmons DR. Hyperglycemia alters the responsiveness of smooth muscle cells to insulin-like growth factor-I. Endocrinology 2007; 148:2435-43. [PMID: 17255202 DOI: 10.1210/en.2006-1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
IGF-I stimulation of smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and proliferation requires alphaVbeta3 ligand occupancy. We hypothesized that changes in the levels of extracellular matrix proteins induced by alterations in glucose concentrations may regulate the ability of SMCs to respond to IGF-I. IGF-I stimulated migration and proliferation of SMCs that had been maintained in 25 mM glucose containing media, but it had no stimulatory effect when tested using SMCs that had been grown in 5 mM glucose. IGF-I stimulated an increase in Shc phosphorylation and enhanced activation of the MAPK pathway in SMCs grown in 25 mM glucose, whereas in cells maintained in 5 mM glucose, IGF-I had no effect on Shc phosphorylation, and the MAPK response to IGF-I was markedly reduced. In cells grown in 25 mM glucose, the levels of alphaVbeta3 ligands, e.g. osteopontin, vitronectin, and thrombospondin, were all significantly increased, compared with cells grown in 5 mM glucose. The addition of these alphaVbeta3 ligands to SMCs grown in 5 mM glucose was sufficient to permit IGF-I-stimulated Shc phosphorylation and downstream signaling. Because we have shown previously that alphaVbeta3 ligand occupancy is required for IGF-I-stimulated Shc phosphorylation and stimulation of SMC growth, our data are consistent with a model in which 25 mM glucose stimulates increases in the concentrations of these extracellular matrix proteins, thus enhancing alphaVbeta3 ligand occupancy, which leads to increased Shc phosphorylation and enhanced cell migration and proliferation in response to IGF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Maile
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7170, USA.
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41
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Aquilano K, Filomeni G, Di Renzo L, Vito MD, Stefano CD, Salimei PS, Ciriolo MR, Marfè G. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are involved in sorbitol-induced apoptosis of human erithroleukaemia cells K562. Free Radic Res 2007; 41:452-60. [PMID: 17454127 DOI: 10.1080/10715760601134459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we found that production of both reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species is a very early event related to treatment with hyperosmotic concentration of sorbitol. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was paralleled by the increase of the mRNA and protein level of the inducible form of the nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). ROS and RNS enhancement, process concomitant to the failure of mitochondrial trans-membrane potential (DeltaPsi), was necessary for the induction of apoptosis as demonstrated by the protection against sorbitol-mediated toxicity observed after treatment with ROS scavengers or NOS inhibitors. The synergistic action of ROS and RNS was finally demonstrated by pre-treatment with rosmarinic acid that, by powerfully buffering both these species, prevents impairment of DeltaPsi and cell death. Overall results suggest that the occurrence of apoptosis upon sorbitol treatment is an event mediated by oxidative/nitrosative stress rather than a canonical hyperosmotic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome 00133, Italy
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42
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Ling PR, Smith RJ, Bistrian BR. Acute effects of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on hepatic oxidative stress and the systemic inflammatory response in rats. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:555-60. [PMID: 17205027 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000253310.02180.c2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intensive blood glucose control to a target value of 80-110 mg/dL has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in surgical intensive care unit patients. This was attributed predominantly to correction of hyperglycemia, based on multivariate regression analysis. However, the effects of glucose and insulin have not been independently evaluated. This study investigated the development of hepatic oxidative processes and systemic inflammatory response in rats with different levels of induced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. The effects of a modest increase in blood glucose following glucose infusion at a level adequate to meet energy requirements, hyperinsulinemia induced by a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with administered glucose in similar amounts, and marked hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia secondary to glucose infusion on hepatic oxidative stress and systemic inflammatory response in vivo were examined. DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. SETTING Medical school laboratory. SUBJECTS Specific pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS Blood glucose was monitored over 3 hrs. At the end of study, the serum concentrations of insulin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1, and alpha1 acid glycoprotein were determined. Malondialdehyde and total glutathione content were measured in the liver. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Glucose infusion adequate to provide energy requirements resulted in a modest increase in blood glucose (143+/-8 mg/dL) and hyperinsulinemia (45 microU/mL) and did not induce measurable hepatic oxidative stress or systemic inflammation. A hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (insulin 112+/-9 microU/mL) resulted in evidence of increased oxidative processes in the liver but no change in hepatic antioxidant capacity or evidence of systemic inflammation. When hyperglycemia (approximately 350 mg/dL) and hyperinsulinemia (167+/-9 microU/mL) were induced by excess glucose infusion, rats manifested hepatic oxidative stress, antioxidant depletion, and a mild systemic inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS Hyperglycemia is a major cause of the systemic inflammatory response. Maintaining normal blood glucose, by avoiding overfeeding and providing insulin therapy when necessary, appears key to minimizing oxidative stress and systemic inflammation when intravenous nutrition is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ra Ling
- Nutrition/Infection Laboratory, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and the Division of Endocrinology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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43
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Li M, Chiu JF, Mossman BT, Fukagawa NK. Down-regulation of manganese-superoxide dismutase through phosphorylation of FOXO3a by Akt in explanted vascular smooth muscle cells from old rats. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:40429-39. [PMID: 17079231 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m606596200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is one of the major cellular antioxidant defense systems. To study the effect of age on the regulation of MnSOD in the vasculature, we compared MnSOD expression and its transcriptional regulation in explanted vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) isolated from old (24 months old) versus young (6 months old) rats and grown in a normal (5 mM) or high (12.5 and 25 mM) glucose or tumor necrosis factor alpha (5 ng/ml) environment to induce oxidative stress. Both MnSOD protein and activity were reduced in VSMC from old compared with young animals. FOXO3a, a member of the family of Forkhead transcription factors, interacted with the promoter of the rat MnSOD gene at a specific binding site. Inhibition of FOXO3a transcription with small interfering RNA led to a reduction in MnSOD gene expression. VSMC from old rats had increased phosphorylated FOXO3a at Ser(253), which paralleled the reduction of MnSOD protein. Treatment of VSMC with 5 nm insulin-like growth factor-1 induced phosphorylation of Akt and FOXO3a over time, repressing FOXO3a DNA binding and consequently MnSOD gene expression. Furthermore, Akt activity was selectively increased in VSMC from the old, supporting the hypothesis that increased age-related Akt activity might be responsible for the phosphorylation and inactivation of FOXO3a, which in turn down-regulates MnSOD transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyao Li
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
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44
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Horimoto K, Nishimura Y, Oyama TM, Onoda K, Matsui H, Oyama TB, Kanemaru K, Masuda T, Oyama Y. Reciprocal effects of glucose on the process of cell death induced by calcium ionophore or H2O2 in rat lymphocytes. Toxicology 2006; 225:97-108. [PMID: 16784802 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2006] [Revised: 05/07/2006] [Accepted: 05/12/2006] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the effects of glucose at high concentrations on the process of cell death induced by excessive increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) or oxidative stress in rat lymphocytes. The cell death elicited by the excessive increase in [Ca(2+)](i) seemed to be induced by an activation of Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels because the inhibitors for Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels attenuated the decrease in cell viability. Glucose at 30-50mM augmented the decrease in cell viability by the excessive increase in [Ca(2+)](i). It was not specific for glucose because it was the case for sucrose or NaCl, suggesting an involvement of increased osmolarity in adverse action of glucose. On the contrary, glucose protected the cells suffering from oxidative stress induced by H(2)O(2), one of reactive oxygen species. It was also the case for fructose or sucrose, but not for NaCl. The process of cell death induced by H(2)O(2) started, being independent from the presence of glucose. Glucose delayed the process of cell death induced by H(2)O(2). Sucrose and fructose also protected the cells against oxidative stress. The reactivity of sucrose to reactive oxygen species is lower than those of glucose and fructose. The order in the reactivity cannot explain the protective action of glucose. Glucose at high concentrations exerts reciprocal actions on the process of cell death induced by the oxidative stress and excessive increase in [Ca(2+)](i).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanna Horimoto
- Laboratories of Cell Signaling and Bioorganochemistry, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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45
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Srivastava S, Ramana KV, Tammali R, Srivastava SK, Bhatnagar A. Contribution of aldose reductase to diabetic hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Diabetes 2006; 55:901-10. [PMID: 16567509 PMCID: PMC3463958 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-0932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether the polyol pathway enzyme aldose reductase mediates diabetes abnormalities in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth. Aldose reductase inhibitors (tolrestat or sorbinil) or antisense aldose reductase mRNA prevented hyperproliferation of cultured rat aortic SMCs induced by high glucose. Cell cycle progression in the presence of high glucose was blocked by tolrestat, which induced a G0-G1 phase growth arrest. In situ, diabetes increased SMC growth and intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured carotid arteries of streptozotocin-treated rats, when examined 7 or 14 days after injury. Treatment with tolrestat (15 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) diminished intimal hyperplasia and decreased SMC content of the lesion by 25%. Although tolrestat treatment increased immunoreactivity of the lesion with antibodies raised against protein adducts of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy trans-2-nonenal, no compensatory increase in lesion fibrosis was observed. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibition of aldose reductase prevents glucose-induced stimulation of SMC growth in culture and in situ. Even though inhibition of aldose reductase increases vascular oxidative stress, this approach may be useful in preventing abnormal SMC growth in vessels of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Srivastava
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Delia Baxter Building, 580 S. Preston St., Room 421B, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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46
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Jay D, Hitomi H, Griendling KK. Oxidative stress and diabetic cardiovascular complications. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 40:183-92. [PMID: 16413400 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2005] [Accepted: 06/15/2005] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes diagnoses are increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. The majority of diabetes-related deaths arise from cardiovascular complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be present in animal models as well as in patients with diabetes and has been suggested as a possible contributor to the accelerated atherosclerosis seen in diabetics. The generation of reactive oxygen species in diabetes occurs via several mechanisms and is initiated not only by glucose, but also by other substances that are found at elevated levels in diabetic patients. The resulting oxidative stress leads to a number of proatherogenic events. The elucidation of the mechanisms of oxidative stress in diabetes and their relationship with atherosclerosis could potentially identify molecular targets of therapy for this condition and its cardiovascular consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Jay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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47
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Nevado J, Vallejo S, El-Assar M, Peiró C, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Changes in the human peritoneal mesothelial cells during aging. Kidney Int 2006; 69:313-22. [PMID: 16408121 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The number of older patients admitted to peritoneal dialysis (PD) programmes is growing. At the same time, there is increasing data about the role of mesothelial cells in determining the functional alteration of the peritoneum during PD. However, little is known about the functional changes accompanying the ageing process in mesothelial cells. We aimed to evaluate whether the aging process is accompanied by changes in some functional characteristic of the human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC), which could account for the poor prognosis observed in old patients with PD. HPMCs were isolated from patients undergoing a nonurgent, nonseptic abdominal surgical procedure, without renal, vascular or inflammatory disease. Cytokine levels (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)), nitrates+nitrites, and cyclooxygenase (COX) activity (by a chemiluminescence assay), cytokines, COX, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB1, two messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) gene expressions (by reverse transcriptase (RT)-Multiplex PCR), COX, and NOS promoter gene activities, and NF-kappaB-dependent transcription (by transient transfection assays) were determined. Our data show a significant increase in cytokines, COX, and NOS activities, and mRNA expression of cytokines, COX-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and precursors of NF-kappaB in HPMCs from old people. This was also the case for COX-2 and iNOS promoter gene activities and NF-kappaB-dependent transcription. There was a positive correlation between the age of the donor's cell and the proinflammatory profile of the HPMCs. Such age-dependent increase (around two-three times) is partially abolished by different antioxidant or free-radical scavengers. Thus, aging is accompanied by the presence of an inflammatory state in HPMCs, which involves the participation of different reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nevado
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
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48
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Nevado J, Peiró C, Vallejo S, El-Assar M, Lafuente N, Matesanz N, Azcutia V, Cercas E, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Amadori adducts activate nuclear factor-kappaB-related proinflammatory genes in cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 146:268-79. [PMID: 15997235 PMCID: PMC1576262 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus leads to a high incidence of several so-called complications, sharing similar pathophysiological features in several territories. Previous reports points at early nonenzymatic glycosylation products (Amadori adducts) as mediators of diabetic vascular complications. In the present study, we analysed a possible role for Amadori adducts as stimulators of proinflammatory pathways in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Cultured HPMCs isolated from 13 different patients (mean age 38.7+/-16 years) were exposed to different Amadori adducts, that is, highly glycated haemoglobin (10 nM) and glycated bovine serum albumin (0.25 mg ml(-1)), as well as to their respective low glycosylation controls. Amadori adducts, but not their respective controls, elicited a marked increase of NF-kappaB activation, as determined by electromobility shift assays and transient transfection experiments. Additionally, Amadori adducts significantly increased the production of NF-kappaB-related proinflammatory molecules, including cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta or IL-6, and enzymes, such as cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase, this latter leading to the release of NO by HPMCs. The effects of Amadori adducts were mediated by different reactive oxygen and nitrosative species (e.g. superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, and peroxynitrite), as they were blunted by coincubation with the appropriate scavengers. Furthermore, NO generated upon exposure to Amadori adducts further stimulated NF-kappaB activation, either directly or after combination with superoxide anions to form peroxynitrite. We conclude that Amadori adducts can favour peritoneal inflammation by exacerbating changes in NO synthesis pathway and triggering NF-kappaB-related proinflammatory signals in human mesothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Nevado
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Ctra. de Toledo Km 12.5, Getafe, Madrid 28905, Spain.
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49
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Yan X, Xu XK, Ji HF. Glucose Oxidase Multilayer Modified Microcantilevers for Glucose Measurement. Anal Chem 2005; 77:6197-204. [PMID: 16194079 DOI: 10.1021/ac050801q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel enzyme-based microcantilever sensor by using layer-by-layer nanoassembly modification. A glucose oxidase (GOx) functionalized microcantilever underwent bending when it was exposed to glucose solutions. The magnitudes of bending were proportional to the concentrations of glucose. The cantilever bending was specific toward glucose, but not to other sugars such as mannose, fructose, or galactose. The flow rate effect on the cantilever bending response is also discussed. The bending mechanism was investigated, and the kinetic and thermodynamic analysis and experimental results showed that the conformational change of GOx and gluconic formation were the origin of cantilever deflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
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50
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Martínez-Sánchez G, Al-Dalain SM, Menéndez S, Re L, Giuliani A, Candelario-Jalil E, Alvarez H, Fernández-Montequín JI, León OS. Therapeutic efficacy of ozone in patients with diabetic foot. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 523:151-61. [PMID: 16198334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2005] [Accepted: 08/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is suggested to have an important role in the development of complications in diabetes. Because ozone therapy can activate the antioxidant system, influencing the level of glycemia and some markers of endothelial cell damage, the aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of ozone in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic feet and to compare ozone with antibiotic therapy. A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed with 101 patients divided into two groups: one (n = 52) treated with ozone (local and rectal insufflation of the gas) and the other (n = 49) treated with topical and systemic antibiotics. The efficacy of the treatments was evaluated by comparing the glycemic index, the area and perimeter of the lesions and biochemical markers of oxidative stress and endothelial damage in both groups after 20 days of treatment. Ozone treatment improved glycemic control, prevented oxidative stress, normalized levels of organic peroxides, and activated superoxide dismutase. The pharmacodynamic effect of ozone in the treatment of patients with neuroinfectious diabetic foot can be ascribed to the possibility of it being a superoxide scavenger. Superoxide is considered a link between the four metabolic routes associated with diabetes pathology and its complications. Furthermore, the healing of the lesions improved, resulting in fewer amputations than in control group. There were no side effects. These results show that medical ozone treatment could be an alternative therapy in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Martínez-Sánchez
- Center of Studies for Research and Biological Evaluation (CEIEB-IFAL), University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba
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