1
|
Yang Y, Wu P, Guo J, Pan Z, Lin S, Zeng W, Wang C, Dong Z, Wang S. Circadian time-dependent effects of experimental colitis on theophylline disposition and toxicity. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38862812 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Drug disposition undergoes significant alteration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet circadian time-dependency of these changes remains largely unexplored. In this study, we aimed to determine the temporal effects of experimental colitis on drug disposition and toxicity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH RNA-sequencing was used to screen genes relevant to colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in mice. Liver microsomes and pharmacokinetic analysis were used to analyze the activity of key enzymes. Dual luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were employed to elucidate regulatory mechanisms. KEY RESULTS RNA sequencing analysis revealed that colitis markedly influenced expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Specifically, a substantial down-regulation of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 was observed in livers of mice with colitis at Zeitgeber Time 8 (ZT8), with no significant changes detected at ZT20. At ZT8, the altered expression corresponded to diminished metabolism and enhanced incidence of hepato-cardiac toxicity of theophylline, a substrate specifically metabolized by these enzymes. A combination of assays, integrating liver-specific Bmal1 knockout and targeted activation of BMAL1 showed that dysregulation in CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 during colitis was attributable to perturbed BMAL1 functionality. Luciferase reporter and ChIP assays collectively substantiated the role of BMAL1 in regulating Cyp1a2 and Cyp2e1 transcription through its binding affinity to E-box-like sites. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION Our findings establish a strong link between colitis and chronopharmacology, shedding light on how IBD affects drug disposition and toxicity over time. This research provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing drug dosage in patients with IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Torch Development Zone People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Juntao Guo
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixi Pan
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shubin Lin
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanying Zeng
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cunchuan Wang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Dong
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Joshi A, Sundar IK. Circadian Disruption in Night Shift Work and Its Association with Chronic Pulmonary Diseases. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200292. [PMID: 36797209 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Globalization and the expansion of essential services over continuous 24 h cycles have necessitated the adaptation of the human workforce to shift-based schedules. Night shift work (NSW) causes a state of desynchrony between the internal circadian machinery and external environmental cues, which can impact inflammatory and metabolic pathways. The discovery of clock genes in the lung has shed light on potential mechanisms of circadian misalignment in chronic pulmonary disease. Here, the current knowledge of circadian clock disruption caused by NSW and its impact on lung inflammation and associated pathophysiology in chronic lung diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and COVID-19, is reviewed. Furthermore, the limitations of the current understanding of circadian disruption and potential future chronotherapeutic advances are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amey Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kosutova P, Mikolka P, Mokra D, Calkovska A. Anti-inflammatory activity of non-selective PDE inhibitor aminophylline on the lung tissue and respiratory parameters in animal model of ARDS. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:10. [PMID: 36927675 PMCID: PMC10018984 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common complication of critical illness characterized by lung inflammation, epithelial and endothelial dysfunction, alveolar-capillary leakage, and worsening respiratory failure. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor aminophylline. New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: animals with respiratory failure defined as PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P/F) below < 26.7 kPa, and induced by saline lung lavage (ARDS), animals with ARDS treated with intravenous aminophylline (1 mg/kg; ARDS/AMINO), and healthy ventilated controls (Control). All animals were oxygen ventilated for an additional 4 h and respiratory parameters were recorded regularly. Post mortem, the lung tissue was evaluated for oedema formation, markers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor, TNFα, interleukin (IL)-1β, -6, -8, -10, -13, -18), markers of epithelial damage (receptor for advanced glycation end products, RAGE) and endothelial injury (sphingosine 1-phosphate, S1P), oxidative damage (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS, 3-nitrotyrosine, 3NT, total antioxidant capacity, TAC). Aminophylline therapy decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, markers of epithelial and endothelial injury, oxidative modifications in lung tissue, reduced lung oedema, and improved lung function parameters compared to untreated ARDS animals. In conclusion, non-selective PDE inhibitor aminophylline showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity suggesting a potential of this drug to be a valuable component of ARDS therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia. .,Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia.,Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
El-Elimat T, Al-Khawlani AR, Al-Sawalha NA, Sa'ed MM, Al-Qiam R, Sharie AHA, Qinna NA. The effect of beetroot juice on airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14381. [PMID: 35976974 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of beetroot juice on airways inflammation, cytokine levels, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated using an allergen-induced murine model of asthma. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were used as an asthma model. BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into four groups: control (Ova sensitization and normal saline challenge), control and beetroot (Ova sensitization and normal saline challenge plus beetroot juice), Ova S/C [Ova sensitization and challenge (Ova S/C)], Ova S/C and beetroot juice (Ova S/C plus beetroot juice). The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed for total and differential inflammatory cells count. The levels of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-10, IL-13, and IL-18], and oxidative stress biomarkers [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] were analyzed in the lung tissue. Simultaneous administration of beetroot juice and Ova S/C significantly increased the total inflammatory cells compared to the control (p = .0001) and Ova S/C (p = .013) groups and significantly increased the number of eosinophils (p ˂ .0001) and macrophages (p ˂ .0001) compared to the control. Moreover, the simultaneous administration of beetroot juice and Ova S/C did not affect the level of IL-10, IL-13, IL-18, GPx, or TBARS compared to the control (p > .05), but it significantly increased the level of catalase (p = .002). Results suggest that beetroot juice aggravates asthma by enhancing airway inflammation. However, it does not affect airway inflammation in healthy mice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that is characterized by variable degrees of airways inflammation and obstruction. Paradox data are reported in the literature regarding beetroot and asthma. The present study revealed that beetroot juice exacerbates asthma by enhancing airway inflammation. However, it is safe and has no effects on airway inflammation in healthy mice. Patients having asthma or a history of asthma are advised to avoid the consumption of beetroot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamam El-Elimat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Nour A Al-Sawalha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Marwan M Sa'ed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Reema Al-Qiam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmed H Al Sharie
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nidal A Qinna
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Achillea fragrantissima Essential Oil: Composition and Detailed Pharmacodynamics Study of the Bronchodilator Activity. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9110334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The bronchodilator effect of the Achillea fragrantissima essential oil (AFO) was studied in guinea pigs’ tracheas and the influence of drying on the quantity and composition of AFO was studied using GC-MS and GC analyses. AFO produced a complete and potent relaxation against carbachol (CCh), while lower potency and partial efficacy were observed against high K+ (80 mM), thus producing dual inhibitory effects similar to dicyclomine. The anticholinergic-like action was further confirmed when pre-incubation tracheal tissues were used at lower concentrations with AFO displacing the CCh concentration‒response curves (CRCs) to the right in a competitive manner similar to atropine. However, non-parallel shifts in CCh CRCs were observed with higher doses, similar to dicyclomine. Further confirmation of the CCB-like effect was obtained from the non-specific deflection of Ca++ CRCs toward the right using the pre-incubated tissues with AFO in Ca++ free medium, similar to verapamil. When AFO was tested against low K+-mediated contractions to explore the possible involvement of additional antispasmodic mechanism(s), AFO interestingly showed a complete inhibition with a higher potency. This inhibition was found to be sensitive to tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), whereas glibenclamide (Gb) remained inactive. These results show that AFO possesses bronchodilator effects predominantly from its anticholinergic and K+ channel activation followed by weak Ca++ channels inhibition.
Collapse
|
6
|
Adikusuma W, Chou WH, Lin MR, Ting J, Irham LM, Perwitasari DA, Chang WP, Chang WC. Identification of Druggable Genes for Asthma by Integrated Genomic Network Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010113. [PMID: 35052792 PMCID: PMC8773254 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common and heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Currently, the two main types of asthma medicines are inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs). In addition, biological drugs provide another therapeutic option, especially for patients with severe asthma. However, these drugs were less effective in preventing severe asthma exacerbation, and other drug options are still limited. Herein, we extracted asthma-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) catalog and prioritized candidate genes through five functional annotations. Genes enriched in more than two categories were defined as “biological asthma risk genes.” Then, DrugBank was used to match target genes with FDA-approved medications and identify candidate drugs for asthma. We discovered 139 biological asthma risk genes and identified 64 drugs targeting 22 of these genes. Seven of them were approved for asthma, including reslizumab, mepolizumab, theophylline, dyphylline, aminophylline, oxtriphylline, and enprofylline. We also found 17 drugs with clinical or preclinical evidence in treating asthma. In addition, eleven of the 40 candidate drugs were further identified as promising asthma therapy. Noteworthy, IL6R is considered a target for asthma drug repurposing based on its high target scores. Through in silico drug repurposing approach, we identified sarilumab and satralizumab as the most promising drug for asthma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wirawan Adikusuma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram 83127, Indonesia
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Min-Rou Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jafit Ting
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Lalu Muhammad Irham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia; (L.M.I.); (D.A.P.)
| | - Dyah Aryani Perwitasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia; (L.M.I.); (D.A.P.)
| | - Wei-Pin Chang
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-P.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.A.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-R.L.); (J.T.)
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-P.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Azman S, Sekar M, Wahidin S, Gan SH, Vaijanathappa J, Bonam SR, Alvala M, Lum PT, Thakur V, Beladiya JV, Mehta AA. Embelin Alleviates Severe Airway Inflammation in OVA-LPS-Induced Rat Model of Allergic Asthma. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:1511-1525. [PMID: 34938083 PMCID: PMC8685448 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s298613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic lung disease, which causes wheezing, tightness in the chest, shortness of breath and coughing. In the wake of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which affect the lungs, asthma patients are at high risk. Embelin, a natural benzoquinone obtained mainly from Embelia ribes Burm, has excellent biological properties, including protection against acute asthma. However, since asthma is a chronic and multi-factorial inflammatory disease, asthma conferred by a single allergen in an animal may not be clinically significant. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of embelin against ovalbumin (OVA)-lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced severe airway inflammation in experimental animals and to investigate the plausible mechanism of action. METHODS Rats (n=36) were divided into six groups. Group I served as a normal control. Groups II-VI were sensitised with severe allergens (OVA and LPS) on day 7, 14 and 21, followed by OVA and LPS challenge for 30 min three times/week for 3 weeks. Group II acted as an asthmatic disease control and received only vehicle. On the other hand, groups III-V received embelin (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg, P.O. respectively) while group VI received a standard dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg, P.O.) for 15 days from day 27. Lung function parameters, including the respiratory rate, tidal volume and airflow rate were measured at the end of the experiment (day 42). The total and differential counts of leukocytes in the blood and bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) were calculated. Th2-mediated serum pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13 levels were analyzed. At the end of the study protocol, the lung tissues were removed for a histopathology study. Additionally, a molecular docking simulation on embelin and standard dexamethasone was applied to support the in vivo findings. RESULTS Significant inhibition of eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes in the blood and the BALF was seen in the groups, which received embelin (25 and 50 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg). Moreover, the lung function parameters were normalised by embelin (25 and 50 mg/kg) treatment significantly. The lung histopathological changes confirmed the protective effect of embelin against severe airway inflammation. The docking findings indicated good binding efficacy of embelin to IL-13. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings indicate that embelin can alleviate severe airway inflammation in OVA-LPS-induced model of allergic asthma occurring by suppression of Th2-mediated immune response. Due to its promising anti-asthmatic effect, it is recommended that embelin should be investigated in clinical trials against asthma. It should also be further explored against COVID-19 or COVID-like diseases due to its ameliorative effects on cytokines and immune cell infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shazalyana Azman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
- Bioengineering and Technology Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Alor Gajah, Melaka, 78000, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Wahidin
- Bioengineering and Technology Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Alor Gajah, Melaka, 78000, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Jaishree Vaijanathappa
- Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research Mauritius, Republic of Mauritius
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université De Paris, Paris, F-75006, France
| | | | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Vandana Thakur
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jayesh V Beladiya
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Anita A Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Recent Advances in Chronotherapy Targeting Respiratory Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122008. [PMID: 34959290 PMCID: PMC8704788 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases contribute to a significant percentage of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The circadian rhythm is a natural biological process where our bodily functions align with the 24 h oscillation (sleep-wake cycle) process and are controlled by the circadian clock protein/gene. Disruption of the circadian rhythm could alter normal lung function. Chronotherapy is a type of therapy provided at specific time intervals based on an individual's circadian rhythm. This would allow the drug to show optimum action, and thereby modulate its pharmacokinetics to lessen unwanted or unintended effects. In this review, we deliberated on the recent advances employed in chrono-targeted therapeutics for chronic respiratory diseases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Therapeutic effects of Nigella sativa on asthma, a systematic review of clinical trial. PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/phypha.26.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
10
|
Azman S, Sekar M, Bonam SR, Gan SH, Wahidin S, Lum PT, Dhadde SB. Traditional Medicinal Plants Conferring Protection Against Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma in Experimental Animals: A Review. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:641-662. [PMID: 34163178 PMCID: PMC8214026 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s296391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract in which the numerous immune cells, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, T-lymphocytes, mast cells and epithelial lining play key roles. The numerous anti-asthmatic drugs are available in modern medicine to treat asthma, but they have several disadvantages, including side effects and the cost variations, which compromise treatment compliance. The literature review reveals that traditional herbal medicines have good potential as alternative treatment and management for asthma. However, communities hesitated to use the traditional herbal medicines due to lack of established mechanism of action about their anti-asthmatic potential. The present review aimed to summarise the information stated in the literature about the potential effect of traditional medicinal plants (TMPs) conferring protection against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. The literature search was conducted in database like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. After screening through the literature from 2011 to date, a total of 27 medicinal plants and two polyherbal extracts have been reported to be used as traditional herbal medicines and also utilised to be tested against OVA-induced asthma, were included. We found them to be an important alternative source of treatment for asthma, since some have comparable efficacies with drugs commonly used in the modern system against asthma. All the reported medicinal plants confirmed their traditional use against asthma or its related inflammation. The present review provides faith in traditional information and also offers new insight into the potential of natural products against asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shazalyana Azman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia.,Bioengineering and Technology Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Alor Gajah, Melaka, 78000, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université De Paris, Paris, France
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Wahidin
- Bioengineering and Technology Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Alor Gajah, Melaka, 78000, Malaysia
| | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rehman NU, Ansari MN, Haile T, Karim A, Abujheisha KY, Ahamad SR, Imam F. Possible Tracheal Relaxant and Antimicrobial Effects of the Essential Oil of Ethiopian Thyme Species ( Thymus serrulatus Hochst. ex Benth.): A Multiple Mechanistic Approach. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:615228. [PMID: 33883992 PMCID: PMC8053776 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.615228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Thymus is traditionally used for the treatment of hyperactive airways complaints. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the potential tracheal relaxant effect and possible mechanism(s) of the essential oil of Thymus serrulatus (TS Oil) in isolated guinea pig tracheal tissues. The essential oil was obtained from the fresh erial parts of Thymus serrulatus, and its phyto-components were identified by GC-MS analysis. Guinea pig tracheal preparations were used for testing the tracheal relaxant effect of TS Oil with the determination of the mechanism(s) involved in this relaxation. GC-MS findings reveal that terpenes, fragrance constituents, saponins, and higher fatty acids are present in TS Oil. In isolated guinea pig trachea, TS Oil inhibited carbachol (CCh, 1 µM) and K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions in a pattern similar to that of dicyclomine. TS Oil, at 0.3 mg/ml, shifted parallel CCh-curves towards the right, followed by a non-parallel shift at higher concentration (1 mg/ml), thus suppressing maximum response in the same manner as produced by dicyclomine. Pretreatment of tissues with TS Oil (1 and 3 mg/ml) also produced a rightward shift of Ca++ concentration-response curves (CRCs) in the same manner as caused by verapamil. Further, TS Oil at low concentrations (0.3 and 1 mg/ml) shifted isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs towards the left and increased cAMP levels in isolated tracheal homogenates similar to papaverine, a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. In the antimicrobial assay performed by the agar well diffusion method, TS Oil was found most active against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus where the zone of inhibition measured was 28 mm. Additionally, there was little difference between standard strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. However, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) showed a small zone of inhibition as compared to standard strains (22 mm). From these results, it can be concluded that the essential oil of T. serrulatus has the potential to produce antimicrobial effects while causing tracheal relaxation mediated possibly by anticholinergic effects, Ca++ channel blockade, and PDE inhibition whereas additional mechanism(s) cannot be ruled out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tesfay Haile
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Aman Karim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Khalil Y Abujheisha
- Faculty of Natural and Health Science, Al Zaytoonh University of Science and Technology, Salfeet, Palestine
| | - Syed Rizwan Ahamad
- Central Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anti-Asthmatic Effects of Saffron Extract and Salbutamol in an Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Model of Allergic Asthma. SINUSITIS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sinusitis5010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways often characterized by airway remodeling and influx of inflammatory cells into the airways. Saffron (C. sativus) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and immunomodulatory properties. Salbutamol is known to relax airway smooth muscles. Objective: To investigate the combined anti-asthmatic effect of C. sativus extract (CSE) and salbutamol in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in rats. Materials and methods: Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by OVA challenge and treated with CSE (30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg i.p.) and salbutamol (0.5 mg/kg p.o) for 28 days. After the induction period, various hematological, biochemical, molecular (ELISA) and histological analyses were performed. Results: OVA-induced alterations observed in hematological parameters (total and differential cell counts observed in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF) were significantly attenuated (p < 0.01) by CSE (30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg) and salbutamol (0.5 mg/kg). The treatment combination also significantly decreased (p < 0.01) the levels of total protein and albumin in serum, BALF and lung tissues. Treatment with CSE and salbutamol significantly attenuated (p < 0.01) increase in OVA induced Th2 cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-13). Histopathological analysis of lung tissue showed that combined effect of CSE and salbutamol treatment ameliorated OVA-induced inflammatory influx and ultrastructural aberrations. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study show that the combined effect of CSE and salbutamol exhibited anti-asthmatic properties via its anti-inflammatory effect and by alleviating Th2 mediated immune response. Thus, this treatment combination could be considered as a new therapeutic strategy for management of asthma.
Collapse
|
13
|
Shastri MD, Chong WC, Dua K, Peterson GM, Patel RP, Mahmood MQ, Tambuwala M, Chellappan DK, Hansbro NG, Shukla SD, Hansbro PM. Emerging concepts and directed therapeutics for the management of asthma: regulating the regulators. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 29:15-33. [PMID: 33152094 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common, heterogeneous and serious disease, its prevalence has steadily risen in most parts of the world, and the condition is often inadequately controlled in many patients. Hence, there is a major need for new therapeutic approaches. Mild-to-moderate asthma is considered a T-helper cell type-2-mediated inflammatory disorder that develops due to abnormal immune responses to otherwise innocuous allergens. Prolonged exposure to allergens and persistent inflammation results in myofibroblast infiltration and airway remodelling with mucus hypersecretion, airway smooth muscle hypertrophy, and excess collagen deposition. The airways become hyper-responsive to provocation resulting in the characteristic wheezing and obstructed airflow experienced by patients. Extensive research has progressed the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the development of new treatments for the management of asthma. Here, we review the basis of the disease, covering new areas such as the role of vascularisation and microRNAs, as well as associated potential therapeutic interventions utilising reports from animal and human studies. We also cover novel drug delivery strategies that are being developed to enhance therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. Potential avenues to explore to improve the future of asthma management are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhur D Shastri
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Wai Chin Chong
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Gregory M Peterson
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Rahul P Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Malik Q Mahmood
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Murtaza Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Dinesh K Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Shakti D Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia. .,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia. .,Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Magaña J, Contreras MG, Keys KL, Risse-Adams O, Goddard PC, Zeiger AM, Mak ACY, Elhawary JR, Samedy-Bates LA, Lee E, Thakur N, Hu D, Eng C, Salazar S, Huntsman S, Hu T, Burchard EG, White MJ. An epistatic interaction between pre-natal smoke exposure and socioeconomic status has a significant impact on bronchodilator drug response in African American youth with asthma. BioData Min 2020; 13:7. [PMID: 32636926 PMCID: PMC7333373 DOI: 10.1186/s13040-020-00218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is one of the leading chronic illnesses among children in the United States. Asthma prevalence is higher among African Americans (11.2%) compared to European Americans (7.7%). Bronchodilator medications are part of the first-line therapy, and the rescue medication, for acute asthma symptoms. Bronchodilator drug response (BDR) varies substantially among different racial/ethnic groups. Asthma prevalence in African Americans is only 3.5% higher than that of European Americans, however, asthma mortality among African Americans is four times that of European Americans; variation in BDR may play an important role in explaining this health disparity. To improve our understanding of disparate health outcomes in complex phenotypes such as BDR, it is important to consider interactions between environmental and biological variables. RESULTS We evaluated the impact of pairwise and three-variable interactions between environmental, social, and biological variables on BDR in 233 African American youth with asthma using Visualization of Statistical Epistasis Networks (ViSEN). ViSEN is a non-parametric entropy-based approach able to quantify interaction effects using an information-theory metric known as Information Gain (IG). We performed analyses in the full dataset and in sex-stratified subsets. Our analyses identified several interaction models significantly, and suggestively, associated with BDR. The strongest interaction significantly associated with BDR was a pairwise interaction between pre-natal smoke exposure and socioeconomic status (full dataset IG: 2.78%, p = 0.001; female IG: 7.27%, p = 0.004)). Sex-stratified analyses yielded divergent results for females and males, indicating the presence of sex-specific effects. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified novel interaction effects significantly, and suggestively, associated with BDR in African American children with asthma. Notably, we found that all of the interactions identified by ViSEN were "pure" interaction effects, in that they were not the result of strong main effects on BDR, highlighting the complexity of the network of biological and environmental factors impacting this phenotype. Several associations uncovered by ViSEN would not have been detected using regression-based methods, thus emphasizing the importance of employing statistical methods optimized to detect both additive and non-additive interaction effects when studying complex phenotypes such as BDR. The information gained in this study increases our understanding and appreciation of the complex nature of the interactions between environmental and health-related factors that influence BDR and will be invaluable to biomedical researchers designing future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Magaña
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - M. G. Contreras
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - K. L. Keys
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Berkeley Institute for Data Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - O. Risse-Adams
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Lowell Science Research Program, Lowell High School, San Francisco, CA USA
- Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - P. C. Goddard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - A. M. Zeiger
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - A. C. Y. Mak
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - J. R. Elhawary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - L. A. Samedy-Bates
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - E. Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - N. Thakur
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - D. Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - C. Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - S. Salazar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - S. Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - T. Hu
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - E. G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - M. J. White
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 1550 4th Street, UCSF Rock Hall, Box 2911, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Imam F, Rehman NU, Ansari MN, Qamar W, Afzal M, Alharbi KS. Effect of Roflumilast in airways disorders via dual inhibition of phosphodiesterase and Ca 2+-channel. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:698-702. [PMID: 32550801 PMCID: PMC7292871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The bronchodilator effects of Roflumilast “a selective phosphodiesterase type-4 (PDE4)” inhibitor studied in this experimental protocol. The spiral strips of isolated guinea-pig tracheal chains mounted in organ bath and maintained in Krebs solution ventilated with carbogen at 32 °C and in Ca++ restricted krebs solution. PDE inhibitory activity was evaluated by recording dose response curves using inhibitory effect of isoprenaline on CCh induced contractions. For confirmation of PDE inhibition the intracellular cAMP levels were also estimated. Roflumilast resulted a sharp inhibition in contractile responses of carbachol (CCh, 1 µM) and K+ (80 mM) and the results were almost similar to verapamil. In Ca++ restricted Krebs solution, a rightward shift in the Ca++ response curves observed in the tracheal chain strips which were pretreated with Roflumilast (0.001–0.003 mg/mL) and the maximum response was suppressed, similarly as with verapamil. PDE inhibitory effect of Roflumilast evaluated by recording dose-dependent (0.03–0.1 mg/mL) responses, the isoprenaline-induced inhibitory dose response curves shifted leftward similar to papaverine (PDE inhibitor). Pretreatment with Roflumilast exhibited elevated intracellular cAMP levels in tracheal strips. Findings of the experiment conclude bronchodilatory influence of Roflumilast via PDE and Ca++ channel inhibition. Results of current experiment offers comprehensive mechanistic background of Roflumilast in future as therapeutic bronchodilator for hyperactive bronchial airway diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (F. Imam). Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. (M.N. Ansari).
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (F. Imam). Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. (M.N. Ansari).
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory; Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah 72341, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bourdin A, Adcock I, Berger P, Bonniaud P, Chanson P, Chenivesse C, de Blic J, Deschildre A, Devillier P, Devouassoux G, Didier A, Garcia G, Magnan A, Martinat Y, Perez T, Roche N, Taillé C, Val P, Chanez P. How can we minimise the use of regular oral corticosteroids in asthma? Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/155/190085. [PMID: 32024721 PMCID: PMC9488989 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0085-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Options to achieve oral corticosteroid (OCS)-sparing have been triggering increasing interest since the 1970s because of the side-effects of OCSs, and this has now become achievable with biologics. The Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française workshop on OCSs aimed to conduct a comprehensive review of the basics for OCS use in asthma and issue key research questions. Pharmacology and definition of regular use were reviewed by the first working group (WG1). WG2 examined whether regular OCS use is associated with T2 endotype. WG3 reported on the specificities of the paediatric area. Key “research statement proposals” were suggested by WG4. It was found that the benefits of regular OCS use in asthma outside episodes of exacerbations are poorly supported by the existing evidence. However, complete OCS elimination couldn’t be achieved in any available studies for all patients and the panel felt that it was too early to conclude that regular OCS use could be declared criminal. Repeated or prolonged need for OCS beyond 1 g·year−1 should indicate the need for referral to secondary/tertiary care. A strategic sequential plan aiming at reducing overall exposure to OCS in severe asthma was then held as a conclusion of the workshop. A yearly cumulative OCS dose above 1 g should be considered unacceptable in severe asthma and should make the case for referralhttp://bit.ly/34GAYLX
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Bourdin
- Service des Maladies Respirartoires, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ian Adcock
- Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardiothoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Chenivesse
- Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France.,Universite de Lille II, Lille, France
| | - Jacques de Blic
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospitals, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Gilles Devouassoux
- Pneumologie, Hopital de la Croix-Rousse, HCL, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard lyon1 et INSERM U851, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Perez
- Respiratory, Hopital Calmette, CHRU Lille, Lille, France.,Lung function, Hôpital Calmette, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Camille Taillé
- Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Evaluation of bronchodialatory and antimicrobial activities of Otostegia fruticosa: A multi-mechanistic approach. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:281-289. [PMID: 32194329 PMCID: PMC7078568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Otostegia fruticosa, a plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae, is endemic to Ethiopia. In Ethiopian traditional medicine, O. fruticosa has been used for the treatment of several respiratory-related disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the bronchodilatory and antimicrobial activities of O. fruticosa leaves crude extract (Of.Cr). Ex-vivo experiments were conducted on guinea-pig trachea provided with physiological oxygenated buffer solution using emkaBath setup. The crude extract was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Of.Cr, showed the presence of terpenes, fragrance components, saponins, and higher fatty acids. Of.Cr when tested on contracted tracheal chains with carbamylcholine (CCh, 1 µM) and high K+ (80 mM) produced relaxation by showing higher potency against CCh with incomplete inhibition of high K+. Dicyclomine, used as a positive control, also showed selectively higher potency to inhibit CCh when compared with its effect against K+. In the anticholinergic curves, Of.Cr at 1 mg/mL deflected CCh-induced concentration-response curves (CRCs) competitively to the right like dicyclomine (0.03 µM) and atropine whereas a higher dose of Of.Cr (3 mg/mL) produced a non-parallel shift in the CCh curves like a higher dose of dicyclomine (0.1 µM). In the calcium channel inhibitory assay, Of.Cr at 3 & 5 mg/mL, deflected CRCs of Ca++ to the right like verapamil, used as positive control. Of.Cr, at concentrations (1-3 mg/mL) increases cAMP levels in isolated tracheal homogenates, similar to positive control phosphodiesterase inhibitor (papaverine). When tested for antibacterial activity against standard and clinical strains, Of.Cr was found more active (MIC 475 µg/ml) against S. aureus (NCTC 6571), while the maximum inhibition (MIC 625 µg/ml) was observed by the extract when tested against MRSA. These results determine the mechanistic pathways of the observed bronchodilatory effect of Otostegia fruticosa with a combination of anticholinergic and dual inhibition of phosphodiesterase and voltage-gated Ca++ channels.
Collapse
|
18
|
Noland D, Drisko JA, Wagner L. Respiratory. INTEGRATIVE AND FUNCTIONAL MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY 2020. [PMCID: PMC7120155 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30730-1_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung disease rivals the position for the top cause of death worldwide. Causes and pathology of the myriad lung diseases are varied, yet nutrition can either affect the outcome or support treatment in the majority of cases. This chapter explores the modifiable risk factors, from lifestyle changes to dietary intake to specific nutrients, anti-nutrients, and toxins helpful for the nutritionist or dietitian working with lung disease patients. General lung health is discussed, and three major disease states are explored in detail, including alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, asthma, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Although all lung diseases have diverse causes, many integrative and functional medical nutrition therapies are available and are not being utilized in practice today. This chapter begins the path toward better nutrition education for the integrative and functional medicine professional.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeanne A. Drisko
- Professor Emeritus, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Leigh Wagner
- Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Porter MR, Xiao H, Wang J, Smith SB, Topczewski JJ. 3-Amino-chromanes and Tetrahydroquinolines as Selective 5-HT 2B, 5-HT 7, or σ 1 Receptor Ligands. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1436-1442. [PMID: 31620230 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenethylamine backbone is a privileged substructure found in a wide variety of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands. This includes both endogenous neurotransmitters and active pharmaceutical agents. More than 20 structurally unique heterocyclic phenethylamine derivatives were broadly evaluated for GPCR affinity. Selective ligands for the 5-HT2B, 5-HT7, and σ1 receptors were identified, each with low nanomolar binding affinities. The σ1 receptor affinity was supported in a cellular assay that provided evidence for increased cell survival under oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Porter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Sylvia B. Smith
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Joseph J. Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shukla SD, Shastri MD, Chong WC, Dua K, Budden KF, Mahmood MQ, Hansbro NG, Keely S, Eri R, Patel RP, Peterson GM, Hansbro PM. Microbiome-focused asthma management strategies. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2019; 46:143-149. [PMID: 31357048 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common, heterogeneous and serious disease with high prevalence globally. Poorly controlled, steroid-resistant asthma is particularly important as there are no effective therapies and it exerts substantial healthcare and societal burden. The role of microbiomes, particularly in chronic diseases has generated considerable interest in recent times. Existing evidence clearly demonstrates an association between asthma initiation and the microbiome, both respiratory and gastro-intestinal, although its' roles are poorly understood when assessing the asthma progression or heterogeneity (i.e. phenotypes/endotypes) across different geographical locations. Moreover, modulating microbiomes could be preventive and/or therapeutic in patients with asthma warrants urgent attention. Here, we review recent advances in assessing the role of microbiomes in asthma and present the challenges associated with the potential therapeutic utility of modifying microbiomes in management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakti D Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute & University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Madhur D Shastri
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Wai Chin Chong
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute & University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Kurtis F Budden
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute & University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Malik Quasir Mahmood
- Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute & University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Centre for inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, and School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute & University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Rahul P Patel
- Pharmacy, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Gregory M Peterson
- Pharmacy, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute & University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Centre for inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, and School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Matera MG, Rinaldi B, Calzetta L, Rogliani P, Cazzola M. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled corticosteroids for asthma treatment. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2019; 58:101828. [PMID: 31349002 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2019.101828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The differences in the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) critically influence the profile of each of them, but also the significant differences in glucocorticoid receptor selectivity, potency, and physicochemical properties are critical in defining the pharmacodynamic (PD) profile of an ICS. The PK and PD properties of ICSs used in asthma and the importance of their interrelationship have been reviewed. The differences among the ICSs in PK and PD must be considered when an ICS should be prescribed to an asthmatic patient because a better understanding of the PK/PD interrelationship of ICSs could be important to better fit with the between-patient variability and within-patient repeatability in the response to ICSs that often complicate the therapeutic approach to the asthmatic patient. The role of the device in influencing the PK profile of an ICS must be always considered because it is crucial. Also patient-related factors and disease severity affect pulmonary deposition of ICS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriella Matera
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Rinaldi
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigino Calzetta
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Cazzola
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Experimental Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Khan A, . NUR, Gilani AH, Ahmed Z, Al-Massara S, El-Gamal A, Farag M. Possible Mechanism(s) Underlying the Antidiarrheal, Antispasmodic and Bronchodilatory Activities of the Pericarp of Albizia lebbeck. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.56.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
23
|
Mokra D, Mokry J, Matasova K. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Potential role in the respiratory distress of neonates. Pediatr Pulmonol 2018; 53:1318-1325. [PMID: 29905405 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds of 3',5' cyclic adenosine and guanosine monophosphate (cAMP and cGMP). PDEs control hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides in many cells and tissues. Inhibition of PDEs by selective or nonselective PDE inhibitors represents an effective targeted strategy for the treatment of various diseases including respiratory disorders. Recent data have demonstrated that PDE inhibitors can also be of benefit in respiratory distress in neonates. This article outlines the pharmacological properties of nonselective and selective PDE inhibitors and provides up-to-date information regarding their use in experimental models of neonatal respiratory distress as well as in clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia, EU.,Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia, EU
| | - Juraj Mokry
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia, EU.,Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia, EU
| | - Katarina Matasova
- Clinic of Neonatology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava and University Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovakia, EU
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tesse R, Borrelli G, Mongelli G, Mastrorilli V, Cardinale F. Treating Pediatric Asthma According Guidelines. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:234. [PMID: 30191146 PMCID: PMC6115494 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the lower respiratory airways in childhood. The management of asthma exacerbations and the disease control are major concerns for clinical practice. The Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, published by GINA, updated in 2017, the British Thoracic Society/Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network, revised in 2016, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence asthma guideline consultation, available in 2017, are widely accepted documents, frequently implemented, with conflicting advices, and different conclusion on asthma definition and treatment. An International Consensus on Pediatric Asthma was carried out in 2012 by a Committee with expertise in the field, to critically review differences on current guidelines. In addition, the specific issue of treating severe and difficult asthma has been recently highlighted throughout the International European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guidelines on severe asthma. The aim of this paper is to describe conventional treatments and some new therapeutic approaches to pediatric asthma according to guidelines, highlighting key aspects, and differences on proposed clinical recommendations for asthma management. Age specific therapy are proposed in steps, according to clinical severity and the level of disease control. If control is not achieved within 3 months, stepping-up should be considered; otherwise, if control is achieved after 3 months, stepping down may be considered. The most used drug classes of asthma medications are beta-2 adrenergic agonists, corticosteroids, and leukotriene modifiers. Intramuscolar triamcinolone has been used for severe asthma treatment. Chromones and xanthines have been extensively used in the past, but they have shown limits related to their efficacy and safety profile. Omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody against IgE, is an immunomodulatory biological agent, used as new drug in patients with confirmed IgE-mediated allergic asthma, only for patient's specific range of total IgE level. There are low evidences in the efficacy of metotrexate, as well as macrolide antibiotics in children with asthma. Antifungal agents are also not recommended in asthmatic patients. Non-pharmacological measures that may improve patient's quality of life should also be attempted. We conclude that treatment decisions on childhood asthma management should be critically made, pondering the differences suggested by agreed international consensus documents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardina Tesse
- Allergy, Immunology and Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Orally inhaled migraine therapy: Where are we now? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 133:131-134. [PMID: 30189270 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a debilitating disease that affects 9% of men and 19% of women worldwide with high socio-economic and personal impact. Surveys indicate that migraineurs are among the most dissatisfied with available therapeutic options, predominantly given via oral or injectable routes, citing side effects as the primary complaint. Orally inhaled therapies have the potential to offer faster onset of action with fewer side effects compared to existing therapies, yet development has stalled. Despite emerging therapies such as calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists, there are still good opportunities for repositioning migraine drugs via the inhaled route.
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang X, Brubaker J, Zhou W, Biju PJ, Xiao L, Shao N, Huang Y, Dong L, Liu Z, Bitar R, Buevich A, Jung J, Peterson SL, Butcher JW, Close J, Martinez M, MacCoss RN, Zhang H, Crawford S, McCormick KD, Aslanian R, Nargund R, Correll C, Gervais F, Qiu H, Yang X, Garlisi C, Rindgen D, Maloney KM, Siliphaivanh P, Palani A. Discovery of MK-8318, a Potent and Selective CRTh2 Receptor Antagonist for the Treatment of Asthma. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:679-684. [PMID: 30034600 PMCID: PMC6047040 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of tricyclic tetrahydroquinolines were identified as potent and selective CRTh2 receptor antagonists. The agonism and antagonism switch was achieved through structure-based drug design (SBDD) using a CRTh2 receptor homologue model. The challenge of very low exposures in pharmacokinetic studies was overcome by exhaustive medicinal chemistry lead optimization through focused SAR studies on the tricyclic core. Further optimization resulted in the identification of the preclinical candidate 4-(cyclopropyl((3aS,9R,9aR)-7-fluoro-4-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoyl)-2,3,3a,4,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]quinolin-9-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid (15c, MK-8318) with potent and selective CRTh2 antagonist activity and a favorable PK profile suitable for once daily oral dosing for potential treatment of asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianhai Huang
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jason Brubaker
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wei Zhou
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Purakkattle J. Biju
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Li Xiao
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ning Shao
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ying Huang
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Li Dong
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Rema Bitar
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Alexei Buevich
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Joon Jung
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Scott L. Peterson
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - John W. Butcher
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Joshua Close
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michelle Martinez
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Rachel N. MacCoss
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Scott Crawford
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kevin D. McCormick
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Robert Aslanian
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ravi Nargund
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Craig Correll
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Francois Gervais
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hongchen Qiu
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Charles Garlisi
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Diane Rindgen
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Kevin M. Maloney
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Phieng Siliphaivanh
- Discovery Chemistry and Immunology, Merck Research
Laboratory, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Anandan Palani
- Discovery
Chemistry, In Vitro Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
CD38/cADPR Signaling Pathway in Airway Disease: Regulatory Mechanisms. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:8942042. [PMID: 29576747 PMCID: PMC5821947 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8942042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is an inflammatory disease in which proinflammatory cytokines have a role in inducing abnormalities of airway smooth muscle function and in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness. Inflammatory cytokines alter calcium (Ca2+) signaling and contractility of airway smooth muscle, which results in nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness to agonists. In this context, Ca2+ regulatory mechanisms in airway smooth muscle and changes in these regulatory mechanisms encompass a major component of airway hyperresponsiveness. Although dynamic Ca2+ regulation is complex, phospholipase C/inositol tris-phosphate (PLC/IP3) and CD38-cyclic ADP-ribose (CD38/cADPR) are two major pathways mediating agonist-induced Ca2+ regulation in airway smooth muscle. Altered CD38 expression or enhanced cyclic ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity associated with CD38 contributes to human pathologies such as asthma, neoplasia, and neuroimmune diseases. This review is focused on investigations on the role of CD38-cyclic ADP-ribose signaling in airway smooth muscle in the context of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of CD38 expression. The specific roles of transcription factors NF-kB and AP-1 in the transcriptional regulation of CD38 expression and of miRNAs miR-140-3p and miR-708 in the posttranscriptional regulation and the underlying mechanisms of such regulation are discussed.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
History suggests β agonists, the cognate ligand of the β2 adrenoceptor, have been used as bronchodilators for around 5,000 years, and β agonists remain today the frontline treatment for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The β agonists used clinically today are the products of significant expenditure and over 100 year's intensive research aimed at minimizing side effects and enhancing therapeutic usefulness. The respiratory physician now has a therapeutic toolbox of long acting β agonists to prophylactically manage bronchoconstriction, and short acting β agonists to relieve acute exacerbations. Despite constituting the cornerstone of asthma and COPD therapy, these drugs are not perfect; significant safety issues have led to a black box warning advising that long acting β agonists should not be used alone in patients with asthma. In addition there are a significant proportion of patients whose asthma remains uncontrolled. In this chapter we discuss the evolution of β agonist use and how the understanding of β agonist actions on their principal target tissue, airway smooth muscle, has led to greater understanding of how these drugs can be further modified and improved in the future. Research into the genetics of the β2 adrenoceptor will also be discussed, as will the implications of individual DNA profiles on the clinical outcomes of β agonist use (pharmacogenetics). Finally we comment on what the future may hold for the use of β agonists in respiratory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raymond B Penn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian P Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Forkuo GS, Kim H, Thanawala VJ, Al-Sawalha N, Valdez D, Joshi R, Parra S, Pera T, Gonnella PA, Knoll BJ, Walker JKL, Penn RB, Bond RA. Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors Attenuate the Asthma Phenotype Produced by β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists in Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase-Knockout Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 55:234-42. [PMID: 26909542 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0373oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice lacking the endogenous β2-adrenoceptor (β2AR) agonist epinephrine (phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase [PNMT]-knockout mice) are resistant to developing an "asthma-like" phenotype in an ovalbumin sensitization and challenge (Ova S/C) model, and chronic administration of β2AR agonists to PNMT-KO mice restores the phenotype. Based on these and other studies showing differential effects of various β2AR ligands on the asthma phenotype, we have speculated that the permissive effect of endogenous epinephrine and exogenous β2AR agonists on allergic lung inflammation can be explained by qualitative β2AR signaling. The β2AR can signal through at least two pathways: the canonical Gαs-cAMP pathway and a β-arrestin-dependent pathway. Previous studies suggest that β-arrestin-2 is required for allergic lung inflammation. On the other hand, cell-based assays suggest antiinflammatory effects of Gαs-cAMP signaling. This study was designed to test whether the in vitro antiinflammatory effects of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, known to increase intracellular cAMP in multiple airway cell types, attenuate the asthma-like phenotype produced by the β2AR agonists formoterol and salmeterol in vivo in PNMT-KO mice, based on the hypothesis that skewing β2AR signaling toward Gαs-cAMP pathway is beneficial. Airway inflammatory cells, epithelial mucus production, and airway hyperresponsiveness were quantified. In Ova S/C PNMT-KO mice, formoterol and salmeterol restored the asthma-like phenotype comparable to Ova S/C wild-type mice. However, coadministration of either roflumilast or rolipram attenuated this formoterol- or salmeterol-driven phenotype in Ova S/C PNMT-KO. These findings suggest that amplification of β2AR-mediated cAMP by phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors attenuates the asthma-like phenotype promoted by β-agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria S Forkuo
- 1 Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Hosu Kim
- 1 Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Vaidehi J Thanawala
- 1 Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Nour Al-Sawalha
- 1 Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel Valdez
- 2 Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Radhika Joshi
- 1 Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Tonio Pera
- 4 Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Patricia A Gonnella
- 4 Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Brian J Knoll
- 1 Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.,2 Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Julia K L Walker
- 5 Duke University School of Nursing, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Raymond B Penn
- 4 Center for Translational Medicine and Jane and Leonard Korman Lung Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Richard A Bond
- 1 Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.,2 Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chauhan PS, Dash D, Singh R. Intranasal Curcumin Inhibits Pulmonary Fibrosis by Modulating Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in Ovalbumin-Induced Chronic Asthma. Inflammation 2017; 40:248-258. [PMID: 27866296 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with irreversible, or partially reversible, airflow obstruction and ultimately unresponsiveness to asthma therapies such as corticosteroids. Intranasal curcumin, an anti-inflammatory molecule, has been found effective in allergic asthma. To study the effect of intranasal curcumin on airway remodeling and fibrosis in murine model of chronic asthma, BALB/c mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) and exposed to OVA aerosol (2%) from day 21 (after sensitization) for 5 weeks (twice/week). Curcumin (intranasal) was administered during the OVA aerosol challenge. Mice exposed to OVA developed inflammation dominated by eosinophils which lead to fibrosis and airway remodeling. Intranasal administration of curcumin significantly inhibited airway inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis, where MMP-9 activities were decreased along with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), MMP-9, TIMP-1, and eotaxin expressions. These results suggest that intranasal curcumin regulates airway inflammation and remodeling in chronic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - D Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rashmi Singh
- Department of Zoology, MMV Unit, Varanasi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gill SK, Marriott HM, Suvarna SK, Peachell PT. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of β-adrenoceptor agonists on human lung macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 793:49-55. [PMID: 27832943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The principal mechanism by which bronchodilator β-adrenoceptor agonists act is to relax airways smooth muscle although they may also be anti-inflammatory. However, the extent of anti-inflammatory activity and the cell types affected by these agonists are uncertain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether β-adrenoceptor agonists prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine generation from activated human lung macrophages. Macrophages were isolated and purified from human lung. The cells were pre-treated with both short-acting (isoprenaline, salbutamol, terbutaline) and long-acting (formoterol, salmeterol, indacaterol) β-agonists before activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce cytokine (TNFα, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) generation. The experiments showed that short-acting β-agonists were poor inhibitors of cytokine generation. Of the long-acting β-agonists studied, formoterol was also a weak inhibitor of cytokine generation whereas only indacaterol and salmeterol showed moderate inhibitory activity. Further experiments using the β2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI-118,551 suggested that the effects of indacaterol were likely to be mediated by β2-adrenoceptors whereas those of salmeterol were not. These findings were corroborated by functional desensitization studies in which the inhibitory effects of indacaterol appeared to be receptor-mediated whereas those of salmeterol were not. Taken together, the data indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of β-adrenoceptor agonists on human lung macrophages are modest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharonjit K Gill
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, The Medical School (Floor L), Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Helen M Marriott
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, The Medical School (Floor L), Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - S Kim Suvarna
- Histopathology Department, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Peter T Peachell
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, The Medical School (Floor L), Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jamil B, Abbasi R, Abbasi S, Imran M, Khan SU, Ihsan A, Javed S, Bokhari H, Imran M. Encapsulation of Cardamom Essential Oil in Chitosan Nano-composites: In-vitro Efficacy on Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens and Cytotoxicity Studies. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1580. [PMID: 27757108 PMCID: PMC5048087 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural antimicrobial agents, particularly essential oils present an excellent alternative to current antibiotics due to their potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial potential, unique mechanisms of action and low tendency to induce resistance. However their potential as a viable therapeutic alternative is greatly compromised due to their hydrophobic and volatile nature. The objective of the current research was to explore the anti-pathogenic potential of essential oils in a bio-based nano-carrier system. Six different essential oils were tested on multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. However, cardamom oil was selected for nano-encapsulation because of most potent anti-microbial activity. Cardamom oil loaded chitosan nano-particles were prepared by ionic gelation method with an encapsulation efficiency of more than 90% and size was estimated to be 50–100 nm. The Zeta potential was more than +50 mV that indicate a stable nano-dispersion. Cytotoxicity analysis indicated non haemolytic and non-cytotoxic behaviour on human corneal epithelial cells and HepG2 cell lines. Cardamom oil loaded chitosan nano-particles were found to exhibit excellent anti-microbial potential against extended spectrum β lactamase producing Escherichia coli and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Our results suggested safety and efficacy of cardamom oil loaded chitosan nano-particles for treating multidrug-resistant pathogens hence offer an effective alternative to current antibiotic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Jamil
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rashda Abbasi
- Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Siffat U Khan
- PARC Institute for Advanced Studies in Agriculture (PIASA), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Ihsan
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sundus Javed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Habib Bokhari
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zaidman NA, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, O'Grady SM. Differentiation of human bronchial epithelial cells: role of hydrocortisone in development of ion transport pathways involved in mucociliary clearance. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C225-36. [PMID: 27306366 PMCID: PMC5129773 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00073.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids strongly influence the mucosal-defense functions performed by the bronchial epithelium, and inhaled corticosteroids are critical in the treatment of patients with inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis. A common pathology associated with these diseases is reduced mucociliary clearance, a defense mechanism involving the coordinated transport of salt, water, and mucus by the bronchial epithelium, ultimately leading to retention of pathogens and particles in the airways and to further disease progression. In the present study we investigated the role of hydrocortisone (HC) in differentiation and development of the ion transport phenotype of normal human bronchial epithelial cells under air-liquid interface conditions. Normal human bronchial epithelial cells differentiated in the absence of HC (HC0) showed significantly less benzamil-sensitive short-circuit current than controls, as well as a reduced response after stimulation with the selective β2-adrenergic receptor agonist salbutamol. Apical membrane localization of epithelial Na(+) channel α-subunits was similarly reduced in HC0 cells compared with controls, supporting a role of HC in the trafficking and density of Na(+) channels in the plasma membrane. Additionally, glucocorticoid exposure during differentiation regulated the transcription of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and β2-adrenergic receptor mRNAs and appeared to be necessary for the expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-dependent anion secretion in response to β2-agonists. HC had no significant effect on surface cell differentiation but did modulate the expression of mucin mRNAs. These findings indicate that glucocorticoids support mucosal defense by regulating critical transport pathways essential for effective mucociliary clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Zaidman
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Scott M O'Grady
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zuo L, Lucas K, Fortuna CA, Chuang CC, Best TM. Molecular Regulation of Toll-like Receptors in Asthma and COPD. Front Physiol 2015; 6:312. [PMID: 26617525 PMCID: PMC4637409 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have both been historically associated with significant morbidity and financial burden. These diseases can be induced by several exogenous factors, such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (e.g., allergens and microbes). Endogenous factors, including reactive oxygen species, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) recognized by toll-like receptors (TLRs), can also result in airway inflammation. Asthma is characterized by the dominant presence of eosinophils, mast cells, and clusters of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells in the airways, while COPD typically results in the excessive formation of neutrophils, macrophages, and CD8+ T cells in the airways. In both asthma and COPD, in the respiratory tract, TLRs are the primary proteins of interest associated with the innate and adaptive immune responses; hence, multiple treatment options targeting TLRs are being explored in an effort to reduce the severity of the symptoms of these disorders. TLR-mediated pathways for both COPD and asthma have their similarities and differences with regards to cell types and the pro-inflammatory cytotoxins present in the airway. Because of the complex TLR cascade, a variety of treatments have been used to minimize airway hypersensitivity and promote bronchodilation. Although unsuccessful at completely alleviating COPD and severe asthmatic symptoms, new studies are focused on possible targets within the TLR cascade to ameliorate airway inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kurt Lucas
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz, Germany
| | - Christopher A Fortuna
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chia-Chen Chuang
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas M Best
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Khan AU, Gilani AH. Natural Products Useful in Respiratory Disorders: Focus on Side-Effect Neutralizing Combinations. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1265-1285. [PMID: 26061992 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes literature related to medicinal plants reputed in traditional medical systems for treatment of asthma and coughs. The plants that are pharmacologically investigated for their effectiveness in such conditions, along with respective experimental protocol details, are also discussed. Some of plant origin compounds, which are considered useful as antitussive and antiasthmatic agents, are described as well. Chrysoeriol, a constituent of Aspalathus linearis (Fabaceae) was observed to be selective for relaxant effect in airways (through K+ channel activation), compared with other smooth muscles. We reported that Hypericum perforatum (Hyperieaceae), Andropogon muricatus (Poaceae), Juniper excelsa (Coniferae) and Nepeta cataria (Lamiaceae) exhibit bronchodilatory action, mediated through combination of Ca++ antagonist and phospohodiesrase inhibitory mechanisms, which scientifically explains their medicinal use in asthma. Hyocyamus niger (Solanaceae), Artemisia vulgaris (Compositae), Fumaria parviflora (Fumariaceae) and Terminalia bellerica (Combretaceae) caused bronchodilation via dual blockade of muscarinic receptors and Ca++ influx. Acorus calamus (Araceae), Carum roxburghianum (Apiaceae), Lens culinaris (Fabaceae) and Lepidium sativum (Cruciferae) mediate bronchodilatation through multiple pathways: anticholinergic and inhibition of Ca++ channels and PDE enzyme(s). In conclusion, this review presents an analysis of different novel combinations of pharmacological activities in medicinal plants with side effect-neutralizing/synergistic potential, setting new trends in the therapeutic options for hyperactive respiratory disorders such as asthma and cough. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif-Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwarul-Hassan Gilani
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gilani AH, Rehman NU, Khan A, Alkharfy KM. Studies on Bronchodilator Activity of Salvia officinalis (Sage): Possible Involvement of K + Channel Activation and Phosphodiesterase Inhibition. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1323-1329. [PMID: 26032019 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aqueous methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Salvia officinalis (So.Cr) was studied to provide possible underlying mechanism(s) for its medicinal use in asthma using the in vivo bronchodilatory assay and isolated tracheal preparations. S. officinalis (1-10 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited carbachol (CCh)-induced bronchospasm in anesthetized rats with three-fold greater potency than the positive control, aminophylline. In tracheal preparations, So.Cr inhibited the low K+ (25 mM)-induced contractions. Pretreatment of the tissues with 4-aminopyridine reversed the inhibitory effect of the plant extract against low K+ , whereas glibenclamide did not show any effect, thus showing the involvement of voltage-sensitive K+ channels. When tested against the CCh-induced pre-contractions for the involvement of any additional mechanism, interestingly, the extract showed a dose-dependent (0.03-0.1 mg/mL) inhibitory effect and shifted the inhibitory concentration response curves of isoprenaline to the left, thus showing phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitory-like action, similar to that of papaverine. These results indicate that the crude extract of S. officinalis possesses bronchodilatory activity mediated predominantly via activation of voltage-dependent K+ channels and inhibition of phosphodiesterase enzyme; thus, this study provides sound pharmacological basis for its medicinal use in hyperactive airways disorders such as asthma and cough. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwarul-Hassan Gilani
- Natural Products Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.,Pakistan Council for Science and Technology, G-5/2, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Najeeb-Ur Rehman
- Natural Products Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, 1871, Ethiopia
| | - Aslam Khan
- Natural Products Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, PDA Building, Block IV, Phase 5, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M Alkharfy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 266, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chaudhary R, Singh B, Kumar M, Gakhar SK, Saini AK, Parmar VS, Chhillar AK. Role of single nucleotide polymorphisms in pharmacogenomics and their association with human diseases. Drug Metab Rev 2015; 47:281-90. [PMID: 25996670 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1047027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Global statistical data shed light on an alarming trend that every year thousands of people die due to adverse drug reactions as each individual responds in a different way to the same drug. Pharmacogenomics has come up as a promising field in drug development and clinical medication in the past few decades. It has emerged as a ray of hope in preventing patients from developing potentially fatal complications due to adverse drug reactions. Pharmacogenomics also minimizes the exposure to drugs that are less/non-effective and sometimes even found toxic for patients. It is well reported that drugs elicit different responses in different individuals due to variations in the nucleotide sequences of genes encoding for biologically important molecules (drug-metabolizing enzymes, drug targets and drug transporters). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the most common type of polymorphism found in the human genome is believed to be the main reason behind 90% of all types of genetic variations among the individuals. Therefore, pharmacogenomics may be helpful in answering the question as to how inherited differences in a single gene have a profound effect on the mobilization and biological action of a drug. In the present review, we have discussed clinically relevant examples of SNP in associated diseases that can be utilized as markers for "better management of complex diseases" and attempted to correlate the drug response with genetic variations. Attention is also given towards the therapeutic consequences of inherited differences at the chromosomal level and how associated drug disposition and/or drug targets differ in various diseases as well as among the individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Surendra K Gakhar
- b Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University , Rohtak , Haryana , India
| | - Adesh K Saini
- c Department of Biotechnology , Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences , Solan , Himachal Pradesh , India , and
| | - Virinder S Parmar
- d Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Borriello F, Granata F, Varricchi G, Genovese A, Triggiani M, Marone G. Immunopharmacological modulation of mast cells. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2014; 17:45-57. [PMID: 25063971 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells produce a wide spectrum of mediators and they have been implicated in several physiopathological conditions (e.g. allergic reactions and certain tumors). Pharmacologic agents that modulate the release of mediators from mast cells has helped to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms by which immunological and non-immunological stimuli activate these cells. Furthermore, the study of surface receptors and signaling pathways associated with mast cell activation revealed novel pharmacologic targets. Thus, the development of pharmacologic agents based on this new wave of knowledge holds promise for the treatment of several mast cell-mediated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Borriello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francescopaolo Granata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Genovese
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, School of Medicine, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Thanawala VJ, Forkuo GS, Stallaert W, Leff P, Bouvier M, Bond R. Ligand bias prevents class equality among beta-blockers. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2014; 16:50-7. [PMID: 24681351 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
β-Blockers are used for a wide range of diseases from hypertension to glaucoma. In some diseases/conditions all β-blockers are effective, while in others only certain subgroups are therapeutically beneficial. The best-documented example for only a subset of β-blockers showing clinical efficacy is in heart failure, where members of the class have ranged from completely ineffective, to drugs of choice for treating the disease. Similarly, β-blockers were tested in murine asthma models and two pilot clinical studies. A different subset was found to be effective for this clinical indication. These findings call into question the current system of classifying these drugs. To consider 'β-blockers', as a single class is misleading when considering their rigorous pharmacological definition and their appropriate clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi J Thanawala
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gloria S Forkuo
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wayne Stallaert
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Leff
- Consultant in Pharmacology, Cheshire, UK
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard Bond
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Khan M, Khan AU, Najeeb-ur-Rehman, Gilani AH. Pharmacological basis for medicinal use of Lens culinaris in gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1349-58. [PMID: 24610729 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Crude extract of Lens culinaris (Lc.Cr), which tested positive for presence of anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, sterol, tannins, and terpenes exhibited protective effect against castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice at 100-1000 mg/kg. In rabbit jejunum preparations, Lc.Cr caused relaxation of spontaneous contractions at 0.03-5.0 mg/mL. Lc.Cr inhibited carbachol (CCh, 1 μM) and K(+) (80 mM)-induced contractions in a pattern similar to dicyclomine, but different from verapamil and atropine. Lc.Cr shifted the Ca(++) concentration-response curves to the right, like dicyclomine and verapamil. Pretreatment of tissues with Lc.Cr (0.03-0.1 mg/mL) caused leftward shift of isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs, similar to papaverine. In guinea-pig ileum, Lc.Cr produced rightward parallel shift of CCh curves, followed by non-parallel shift at higher concentration with suppression of maximum response, similar to dicyclomine, but different from verapamil and atropine. Lc.Cr (3.0-30 mg/kg) caused suppression of carbachol (CCh, 100 µg/kg)-induced increase in inspiratory pressure of anesthetized rats. In guinea-pig trachea, Lc.Cr relaxed CCh and high K(+) -induced contractions, shifted CCh curves to right and potentiated isoprenaline response. These results suggest that L. culinaris possesses antidiarrheal, antispasmodic, and bronchodilator activities mediated possibly through a combination of Ca(++) antagonist, anticholinergic, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory effects, and this study provides sound mechanistic background to its medicinal use in disorders of gut and airways hyperactivity, like diarrhea and asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munasib Khan
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical, Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Pakistan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The obstructive lung disease asthma is treated by drugs that target, either directly or indirectly, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GPCRs coupled to Gq are the primary mediators of airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction and increased airway resistance, whereas the Gs-coupled beta-2-adrenoceptor (β2AR) promotes pro-relaxant signaling in and relaxation of ASM resulting in greater airway patency and reversal of life-threatening bronchoconstriction. In addition, GPCR-mediated functions in other cell types, including airway epithelium and hematopoietic cells, are involved in the control of lung inflammation that causes most asthma. The capacity of arrestins to regulate GPCR signaling, via either control of GPCR desensitization/resensitization or G protein-independent signaling, renders arrestins an intriguing therapeutic target for asthma and other obstructive lung diseases. This review will focus on the potential role of arrestins in those GPCR-mediated airway cell functions that are dysregulated in asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond B Penn
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Suite 317, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sandham DA, Arnold N, Aschauer H, Bala K, Barker L, Brown L, Brown Z, Budd D, Cox B, Docx C, Dubois G, Duggan N, England K, Everatt B, Furegati M, Hall E, Kalthoff F, King A, Leblanc CJ, Manini J, Meingassner J, Profit R, Schmidt A, Simmons J, Sohal B, Stringer R, Thomas M, Turner KL, Walker C, Watson SJ, Westwick J, Willis J, Williams G, Wilson C. Discovery and characterization of NVP-QAV680, a potent and selective CRTh2 receptor antagonist suitable for clinical testing in allergic diseases. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:6582-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
43
|
Baraldi PG, Fruttarolo F, Tabrizi MA, Romagnoli R, Preti D. Novel 8-heterocyclyl xanthine derivatives in drug development - an update. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 2:1161-83. [PMID: 23496127 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2.9.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring methyl xanthines, especially caffeine and theophylline, have been widely investigated for their pharmacological properties as cognition enhancers, bronchodilator agents and mild diuretics. The xanthine core (3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione) has been largely manipulated in the search for selective ligands for different pharmacological targets, proving to be a versatile scaffold for the development of lead compounds in multiple therapeutic areas. The introduction of a heterocycle at the 8-position of some xanthine derivatives demonstrated to be a successful strategy for the identification of potent and selective A1 or A2B adenosine receptors antagonists as potential agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and asthma, respectively. Interesting examples of 8-heterocyclyl-xanthines as dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors and liver X receptor agonists have been claimed for their possible therapeutic use in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pier G Baraldi
- Università di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, 44100 Ferrara, Italy +39 0532 455921 ; +39 0532 455953 ;
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Velema WA, van der Toorn M, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Design, Synthesis, and Inhibitory Activity of Potent, Photoswitchable Mast Cell Activation Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:4456-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400115k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem A. Velema
- Centre for Systems Chemistry,
Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco van der Toorn
- Laboratory of Allergology and
Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University
Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry,
Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry,
Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kumar S, Mabalirajan U, Rehman R, Singh BK, Parmar VS, Prasad AK, Biswal S, Ghosh B. A novel cinnamate derivative attenuates asthma features and reduces bronchial epithelial injury in mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 15:150-9. [PMID: 23137769 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Airway epithelial injury is the hallmark of various respiratory diseases and therapeutic targeting of epithelial injury could be an effective strategy for controlling these diseases. We recently reported that a novel cinnamate, ethyl 3',4',5'-trimethoxythionocinnamate (ETMTC) derived from Piper longum derivative, was most potent among various cinnamate derivatives in inhibiting inflammatory cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). In this study, we investigated the effects of ETMTC on the features of allergic asthma and epithelial injury in a murine model. ETMTC treatment to ovalbumin sensitized and challenged mice during ovalbumin challenge reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. This attenuation of asthma features was associated with the reduction in the expressions of various CAMs, NF-κB activation, Th2 cytokines, eotaxin and 8-isoprostane that were estimated in lung homogenates. Further, it increased activities of mitochondrial complexes I and IV in lung mitochondria and reduced cytochrome c and caspase 9 activities in lung cytosol. In addition, it reduced the levels of oxidative DNA damage marker in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and DNA fragmentation of bronchial epithelia in lung sections. Further, ETMTC not only increased the levels of 15-(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, suppressor of airway remodeling, but also inhibited goblet cell metaplasia and sub-epithelial fibrosis. These results demonstrate that ETMTC reduces epithelial injury and mitochondrial dysfunction associated with allergic asthma and thus ETMTC could be useful to develop efficient therapeutic molecule against asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarvesh Kumar
- Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Microfractionation bioactivity-based ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the identification of nuclear factor-κB inhibitors and β2 adrenergic receptor agonists in an alkaloidal extract of the folk herb Alstonia scholaris. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 908:98-104. [PMID: 23122407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are generally considered complementary or alternative remedies in most Western countries. The constituents of TCMs are hard to define, and their efficacy is difficult to appraise. Thus, the development of suitable methods for evaluating the relationship between bioactivity and the chemical makeup of complex TCM mixtures remains a great challenge. In the present work, the bioactivity-integrated fingerprints of alkaloidal leaf extracts of Alstonia scholaris, a folk medicinal herb for chronic respiratory diseases, were established by ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF). This method was coupled with two dual-luciferase reporter assay systems to show nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibition and β(2) adrenergic receptor (β(2)AR) activation. Using UPLC-Q/TOF, 18 potential candidates were identified according to unique mass spectrometric fragmentation. After in vitro biological evaluation, several indole alkaloids with anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic properties were found, including akuammidine, (E)-alstoscholarine, and (Z)-alstoscholarine. Compared with conventional fingerprints, the microfractionation based bioactivity-integrated fingerprints that contain both chemical and bioactivity details offer a more comprehensive understanding of the chemical makeup of plant materials. This strategy clearly demonstrated that dual bioactivity-integrated fingerprinting is a powerful tool for the improved screening and identification of potential dual-target lead compounds in complex herbal medicines.
Collapse
|
47
|
Gilani AH, Rehman NU, Mehmood MH, Alkharfy KM. Species differences in the antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of Lepidium sativum and insight into underlying mechanisms. Phytother Res 2012; 27:1086-94. [PMID: 23007892 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to see if the crude extract of Lepidium sativum (Ls.Cr) exhibits species specificity in its antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities along with insight into the underlying mechanisms using the in-vivo and in-vitro experiments. Ls.Cr inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice at doses (300 and 1000 mg/kg) three times higher dose than for rats. In isolated rat ileum and jejunum, Ls.Cr completely inhibited carbachol (CCh), low K⁺ (25 mM) and high K⁺ (80 mM)-induced contractions, while in guinea-pig tissues, Ls.Cr caused complete inhibition of only CCh-induced contraction. In rabbit tissues, Ls.Cr completely inhibited CCh and low K⁺-induced contractions sensitive to K⁺ channel antagonists. Pretreatment of guinea-pig and rat tissues with Ls.Cr caused a rightward shift in CCh-induced contractions in a pattern similar to dicyclomine, while in rabbit and rat tissues, Ls.Cr shifted isoprenaline curves to the left similar to papaverine. These data indicate that the antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of L. sativum are species dependent, mediating its antispasmodic effect through combinations of multiple pathways including activation of K⁺ channels, and inhibition of muscarinic receptors, Ca⁺⁺ channels and PDE enzyme. Rat tissues showed the highest potency. Based on the results, we recommend using multiple species to know the real pharmacological profile of medicinal products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwarul-Hassan Gilani
- Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fan SY, Zeng HW, Pei YH, Li L, Ye J, Pan YX, Zhang JG, Yuan X, Zhang WD. The anti-inflammatory activities of an extract and compounds isolated from Platycladus orientalis (Linnaeus) Franco in vitro and ex vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:647-652. [PMID: 21619922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a Chinese traditional herbal medicine, leaves of Platycladus orientalis (Linnaeus) Franco (LPO) are used to treat coughs, excessive mucus secretion, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and asthma, etc. The experiments were carried out to investigate their anti-inflammatory properties and mechanisms, which could support the Chinese traditional uses of treating inflammatory airway diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory activities of the chloroform fraction (CHL) and pure compounds of LPO were evaluated for their abilities to inhibit pro-inflammatory enzymes in vitro, and production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the arachidonic acid metabolites, stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187, were also determined by HPLC. RESULTS For the first time, the assays of eicosanoids in intact cells showed that the CHL, hinokiol, and acacetin had significant inhibitory effects on 5-hydroxy-eicosa-tetra-enoic acid (5-HETE) and leukotriene B(4) (LTB4) formations. And cell-free enzyme assays (5-lipoxygenase, leukotriene A(4)-hydrolase, cyclooxgenase-2) demonstrated the potent inhibitory effects of the CHL, hinokiol and acacetin on 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX). Then, the inhibitions of the CHL, hinokiol on NO biosynthesis and the inhibitions of the CHL, 8(14),15-pimaradien-3β,18-diol, and hinokiol on TNF-α release were also confirmed in the RAW264.7 murine macrophages. CONCLUSION The data indicate that the inhibitory effects of the CHL and its components (hinokiol and acacetin) on 5-LOX contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of LPO. Moreover, the CHL and its components also show beneficial effects on NO and TNF-α production. Consequently, these results provide a rationale for LPO's traditional applications in the treatment of inflammatory airway diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yang Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pharmacological Basis for the Medicinal Use of Lepidium sativum in Airways Disorders. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:596524. [PMID: 22291849 PMCID: PMC3265128 DOI: 10.1155/2012/596524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lepidium sativum is widely used in folk medicine for treatment of hyperactive airways disorders, such as asthma, bronchitis and cough. The crude extract of Lepidium sativum (Ls.Cr) inhibited carbachol (CCh, 1 μM-) and K(+) (80 mM-) induced contractions in a pattern similar to that of dicyclomine. Ls.Cr at 0.03 mg/mL produced a rightward parallel shift of CCh curves, followed by nonparallel shift at higher concentration (0.1 mg/mL), suppressing maximum response, similar to that caused by dicyclomine. Pretreatment of tissues with Ls.Cr (0.1-0.3 mg/mL) shifted Ca(++) concentration-response curves (CRCs) to right, as produced by verapamil. Ls.Cr at low concentrations (0.03-0.1 mg/mL) caused leftward shift of isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs, like that caused by rolipram, a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. These results indicate that bronchodilatory effect of Lepidium sativum is mediated through a combination of anticholinergic, Ca(++) antagonist and PDE inhibitory pathways, which provides sound mechanistic background for its medicinal use in the overactive airways disorders.
Collapse
|
50
|
Ezeamuzie CI, Shihab PK, Al-Radwan R. Loss of surface beta-2 adrenoceptors accounts for the insensitivity of cultured human monocytes to beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:1189-94. [PMID: 21481814 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The short-acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists (β(2)-agonists), such as salbutamol, are effective bronchodilators used to treat asthma. They lack significant anti-inflammatory effect in vivo as well as on isolated alveolar macrophages even though they exhibit this effect on freshly isolated monocytes. The purpose of this study was to determine if this observation is related to a change in the expression and/or function of surface β(2)-receptors during the differentiation of these cells to macrophages. Purified monocytes, cultured for 1-48 h were pre-treated with the β(2)-agonists (salbutamol or procaterol) or PGE(2) before being stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Subsequently, the amount of TNF-α (a typical inflammatory mediator) released over 24 h, as well as agonist-stimulated cAMP, were determined by enzyme immunoassays. Western blotting techniques were used to study the expression of the membrane β(2)-receptor protein. Results showed that in freshly isolated human monocytes, both the β(2)-agonists and PGE(2) significantly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α release as well as increased intracellular cAMP. After culturing adherent monocytes for 24-48 h, the ability of the β(2)-agonists to produce both effects was completely lost, whereas that of PGE(2) was essentially intact. Western blotting data showed a near complete loss of surface expression of β(2)-receptors in cells cultured for ≥24 h. These results show that as human monocytes adhere to surfaces to begin differentiation into macrophages, they selectively lose their surface β(2)-receptors and hence become insensitive to the anti-inflammatory effect of β(2)-agonists. This may explain why β(2)-agonists lack significant anti-inflammatory effect on alveolar macrophages or in clinical asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles I Ezeamuzie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|