1
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Mansour AM, Khaled RM, Ferraro G, Shehab OR, Merlino A. Metal-based carbon monoxide releasing molecules with promising cytotoxic properties. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9612-9656. [PMID: 38808485 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00087k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide, the "silent killer" gas, is increasingly recognised as an important signalling molecule in human physiology, which has beneficial biological properties. A particular way of achieving controlled CO administration is based on the use of biocompatible molecules that only release CO when triggered by internal or external factors. These approaches include the development of pharmacologically effective prodrugs known as CO releasing molecules (CORMs), which can supply biological systems with CO in well-regulated doses. An overview of transition metal-based CORMs with cytotoxic properties is here reported. The mechanisms at the basis of the biological activities of these molecules and their potential therapeutical applications with respect to their stability and CO releasing properties have been discussed. The activation of metal-based CORMs is determined by the type of metal and by the nature and features of the auxiliary ligands, which affect the metal core electronic density and therefore the prodrug resistance towards oxidation and CO release ability. A major role in regulating the cytotoxic properties of these CORMs is played by CO and/or CO-depleted species. However, several mysteries concerning the cytotoxicity of CORMs remain as intriguing questions for scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Rabaa M Khaled
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ola R Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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2
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Yan Z, Liu Z, Zhang H, Guan X, Xu H, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Wang S. Current trends in gas-synergized phototherapy for improved antitumor theranostics. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:1-25. [PMID: 38092250 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Phototherapy, such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), has been considered an elegant solution to eradicate tumors due to its minimal invasiveness and low systemic toxicity. Nevertheless, it is still challenging for phototherapy to achieve ideal outcomes and clinical translation due to its inherent drawbacks. Owing to the unique biological functions, diverse gases have attracted growing attention in combining with phototherapy to achieve super-additive therapeutic effects. Specifically, gases such as nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been proven to kill tumor cells by inducing mitochondrial damage in synergy with phototherapy. Additionally, several gases not only enhance the thermal damage in PTT and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in PDT but also improve the tumor accumulation of photoactive agents. The inflammatory responses triggered by hyperthermia in PTT are also suppressed by the combination of gases. Herein, we comprehensively review the latest studies on gas-synergized phototherapy for cancer therapy, including (1) synergistic mechanisms of combining gases with phototherapy; (2) design of nanoplatforms for gas-synergized phototherapy; (3) multimodal therapy based on gas-synergized phototherapy; (4) imaging-guided gas-synergized phototherapy. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities of gas-synergized phototherapy for tumor treatment are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: 1. The novelty and significance of the work with respect to the existing literature. (1) Strategies to design nanoplatforms for gas-synergized anti-tumor phototherapy have been summarized for the first time. Meanwhile, the integration of various imaging technologies and therapy modalities which endow these nanoplatforms with advanced theranostic capabilities has been summarized. (2) The mechanisms by which gases synergize with phototherapy to eradicate tumors are innovatively and comprehensively summarized. 2. The scientific impact and interest. This review elaborates current trends in gas-synergized anti-tumor phototherapy, with special emphases on synergistic anti-tumor mechanisms and rational design of therapeutic nanoplatforms to achieve this synergistic therapy. It aims to provide valuable guidance for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Xinyao Guan
- Experimental Teaching Center, Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Jinghai Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Qinfu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
| | - Siling Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
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3
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Anstee JE, Feehan KT, Opzoomer JW, Dean I, Muller HP, Bahri M, Cheung TS, Liakath-Ali K, Liu Z, Choy D, Caron J, Sosnowska D, Beatson R, Muliaditan T, An Z, Gillett CE, Lan G, Zou X, Watt FM, Ng T, Burchell JM, Kordasti S, Withers DR, Lawrence T, Arnold JN. LYVE-1 + macrophages form a collaborative CCR5-dependent perivascular niche that influences chemotherapy responses in murine breast cancer. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1548-1561.e10. [PMID: 37442140 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that facilitate cancer progression. However, our knowledge of the niches of individual TAM subsets and their development and function remain incomplete. Here, we describe a population of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1)-expressing TAMs, which form coordinated multi-cellular "nest" structures that are heterogeneously distributed proximal to vasculature in tumors of a spontaneous murine model of breast cancer. We demonstrate that LYVE-1+ TAMs develop in response to IL-6, which induces their expression of the immune-suppressive enzyme heme oxygenase-1 and promotes a CCR5-dependent signaling axis, which guides their nest formation. Blocking the development of LYVE-1+ TAMs or their nest structures, using gene-targeted mice, results in an increase in CD8+ T cell recruitment to the tumor and enhanced response to chemotherapy. This study highlights an unappreciated collaboration of a TAM subset to form a coordinated niche linked to immune exclusion and resistance to anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne E Anstee
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Karen T Feehan
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - James W Opzoomer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Isaac Dean
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Henrike P Muller
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Meriem Bahri
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tik Shing Cheung
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | | | - Ziyan Liu
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Desmond Choy
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jonathan Caron
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Dominika Sosnowska
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Richard Beatson
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tamara Muliaditan
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Zhengwen An
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Cheryl E Gillett
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Guocheng Lan
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 ORE, UK
| | - Xiangang Zou
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 ORE, UK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Tony Ng
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Joy M Burchell
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Shahram Kordasti
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK; Haematology Department, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - David R Withers
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Toby Lawrence
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK; Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France; Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - James N Arnold
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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4
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. The Triple Crown: NO, CO, and H 2S in cancer cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108502. [PMID: 37517510 PMCID: PMC10529678 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are three endogenously produced gases with important functions in the vasculature, immune defense, and inflammation. It is increasingly apparent that, far from working in isolation, these three exert many effects by modulating each other's activity. Each gas is produced by three enzymes, which have some tissue specificities and can also be non-enzymatically produced by redox reactions of various substrates. Both NO and CO share similar properties, such as activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. At the same time, H2S both inhibits phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), an enzyme that metabolizes sGC and exerts redox regulation on sGC. The role of NO, CO, and H2S in the setting of cancer has been quite perplexing, as there is evidence for both tumor-promoting and pro-inflammatory effects and anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Each gasotransmitter has been found to have dual effects on different aspects of cancer biology, including cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. These seemingly contradictory actions may relate to each gas having a dual effect dependent on its local flux. In this review, we discuss the major roles of NO, CO, and H2S in the context of cancer, with an effort to highlight the dual nature of each gas in different events occurring during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York 10091, USA.
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5
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Bauer N, Yuan Z, Yang X, Wang B. Plight of CORMs: The unreliability of four commercially available CO-releasing molecules, CORM-2, CORM-3, CORM-A1, and CORM-401, in studying CO biology. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 214:115642. [PMID: 37321416 PMCID: PMC10529722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenously produced gaseous signaling molecule with demonstrated pharmacological effects. In studying CO biology, three delivery forms have been used: CO gas, CO in solution, and CO donors of various types. Among the CO donors, four carbonyl complexes with either a transition metal ion or borane (BH3) (termed CO-releasing molecules or CORMs) have played the most prominent roles appearing in over 650 publications. These are CORM-2, CORM-3, CORM-A1, and CORM-401. Intriguingly, there have been unique biology findings that were only observed with these CORMs, but not CO gas; yet these properties were often attributed to CO, raising puzzling questions as to why CO source would make such a fundamental difference in terms of CO biology. Recent years have seen a large number of reports of chemical reactivity (e.g., catalase-like activity, reaction with thiol, and reduction of NAD(P)+) and demonstrated CO-independent biological activity for these four CORMs. Further, CORM-A1 releases CO in an idiosyncratic fashion; CO release from CORM-401 is strongly influenced or even dependent on reaction with an oxidant and/or a nucleophile; CORM-2 mostly releases CO2, not CO, after a water-gas shift reaction except in the presence of a strong nucleophile; and CORM-3 does not release CO except in the presence of a strong nucleophile. All these beg the question as to what constitutes an appropriate CO donor for studying CO biology. This review critically summarizes literature findings related to these aspects, with the aim of helping result interpretation when using these CORMs and development of essential criteria for an appropriate donor for studying CO biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bauer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Zhengnan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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6
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Reiländer S, Schmehl W, Popp K, Nuss K, Kronen P, Verdino D, Wiezorek C, Gutmann M, Hahn L, Däubler C, Meining A, Raschig M, Kaiser F, von Rechenberg B, Scherf-Clavel O, Meinel L. Oral Use of Therapeutic Carbon Monoxide for Anyone, Anywhere, and Anytime. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Reiländer
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schmehl
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Popp
- German Plastics Center (SKZ), Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 22, Wuerzburg97076, Germany
| | - Katja Nuss
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
| | - Peter Kronen
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Verdino
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
| | - Christina Wiezorek
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Gutmann
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Hahn
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christof Däubler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberdürrbacherstr. 6, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
| | - Alexander Meining
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Gastroenterology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberdürrbacherstr. 6, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
| | - Martina Raschig
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Kaiser
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg97070, Germany
| | - Brigitte von Rechenberg
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zuerich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zuerich8057, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Scherf-Clavel
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074Wuerzburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Biology (HIRI), Würzburg97070, Germany
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7
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Damasceno ROS, Soares PMG, Barbosa ALDR, Nicolau LAD, Medeiros JVR, Souza MHLP. Modulatory Role of Carbon Monoxide on the Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress Linked to Gastrointestinal Disorders. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:98-114. [PMID: 34806398 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous gaseous mediator that plays an important role in maintaining gastrointestinal (GI) tract homeostasis, acting in mucosal defense, and providing negative modulation of pathophysiological markers of clinical conditions. Recent Advances: Preclinical studies using animal models and/or cell culture show that CO can modulate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in GI mucosal injuries and pathological conditions, reducing proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, while increasing antioxidant defense mechanisms. Critical Issues: CO has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The defense mechanisms of the GI tract are subject to aggression by different chemical agents (e.g., drugs and ethanol) as well as complex and multifactorial diseases, with inflammation and oxidative stress as strong triggers for the deleterious effects. Thus, it is possible that CO acts on a variety of molecules involved in the inflammatory and oxidative signaling cascades, as well as reinforcing several defense mechanisms that maintain GI homeostasis. Future Directions: CO-based therapies are promising tools for the treatment of GI disorders, such as gastric and intestinal injuries, inflammatory bowel disease, and pancreatitis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop safe and selective CO-releasing agents and/or donor drugs to facilitate effective treatments and methods for analysis of CO levels that are simple and inexpensive. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 98-114.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jand-Venes Rolim Medeiros
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Brazil
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Mansour AM, Khaled RM, Khaled E, Ahmed SK, Ismael OS, Zeinhom A, Magdy H, Ibrahim SS, Abdelfatah M. Ruthenium(II) carbon monoxide releasing molecules: Structural perspective, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:114991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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9
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Hsu CY, Vo TTT, Lee CW, Chen YL, Lin WN, Cheng HC, Vo QC, Lee IT. Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 attenuates angiotensin II-induced IL-6/Jak2/Stat3-associated inflammation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase- and mitochondria-derived ROS in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 198:114978. [PMID: 35218740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common inflammatory vascular disease. Angiotensin II (Ang II) involves in AAA progression by promoting the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, the degradation of extracellular matrices, and the generation of ROS to lead to vascular inflammation. Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) is known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, it remains unclear whether CORM-2 can suppress Ang II-induced vascular inflammation to prevent AAA progression. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the vasoprotective effects of CORM-2 against Ang II-induced inflammatory responses of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and the underlying mechanisms of those effects. The results showed that Ang II induced inflammatory responses of HASMCs via NADPH oxidase- and mitochondria-derived ROS/NF-κB/IL-6/Jak2/Stat3 pathway which was attenuated by the pretreatment with CORM-2. Additionally, CORM-2 further exhibited anti-inflammatory activities in Ang II-stimulated HASMCs, as indicated by the reduction of monocyte adhesion to HASMCs and migration of HASMCs via the suppression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 as well as MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels, respectively. Moreover, Ang II-induced COX-2-mediated PGE2 secretion was also inhibited by the pretreatment with CORM-2. Importantly, our data demonstrated that CORM-2 reversed Ang II-induced IL-6 overexpression dependent on Nrf2 activation and HO-1 expression. Taken together, the present study indicates that CORM-2-induced Nrf2/HO-1 alleviates IL-6/Jak2/Stat3-mediated inflammatory responses to Ang II by inhibiting NADPH oxidase- and mitochondria-derived ROS, suggesting that CORM-2 is a promising pharmacologic candidate to reverse the pathological changes involved in the inflammation of vessel wall for the prevention and treatment of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yi Hsu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thi Thuy Tien Vo
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Quang Canh Vo
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Institute and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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10
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Tien Vo TT, Vo QC, Tuan VP, Wee Y, Cheng HC, Lee IT. The potentials of carbon monoxide-releasing molecules in cancer treatment: An outlook from ROS biology and medicine. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102124. [PMID: 34507160 PMCID: PMC8427320 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is now well recognized a pivotal endogenous signaling molecule in mammalian lives. The proof-of-concept employing chemical carriers of exogenous CO as prodrugs for CO release, also known as CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs), has been appreciated. The major advantage of CO-RMs is that they are able to deliver CO to the target sites in a controlled manner. There is an increasing body of experimental studies suggesting the therapeutic potentials of CO and CO-RMs in different cancer models. This review firstly presents a short but crucial view concerning the characteristics of CO and CO-RMs. Then, the anticancer activities of CO-RMs that target many cancer hallmarks, mainly proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion and metastasis, are discussed. However, their anticancer activities are varying and cell-type specific. The aerobic metabolism of molecular oxygen inevitably generates various oxygen-containing reactive metabolites termed reactive oxygen species (ROS) which play important roles in both physiology and pathophysiology. Although ROS act as a double-edged sword in cancer, both sides of which may potentially have been exploited for therapeutic benefits. The main focus of the present review is thus to identify the possible signaling network by which CO-RMs can exert their anticancer actions, where ROS play the central role. Another important issue concerning the potential effect of CO-RMs on the aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) which is a feature of cancer metabolic reprogramming is given before the conclusion with future prospects on the challenges of developing CO-RMs into clinically pharmaceutical candidates in cancer therapy. CO-RMs as pro-drugs for controlled CO delivery are potentially beneficial in cancer treatment. Anticancer activities of CO-RMs are varying and cell-type specific. Anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic effects are major niches. ROS may play a central role in the molecular pathways underlying anticancer activities of CO-RMs. CO-RMs can act against Warburg effect, a feature of cancer metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Tien Vo
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Quang Canh Vo
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Institute and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Vo Phuoc Tuan
- Endoscopy Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Yinshen Wee
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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11
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郑 智, 金 愈, 金 思, 柯 博. [Carbon Monoxide and Pain Regulation: A Review]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2021; 52:396-401. [PMID: 34018356 PMCID: PMC10409187 DOI: 10.12182/20210560102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous gasotransmitter produced by the degradation of heme in the presence of heme oxygenase (HO) in mammals. It has been demonstrated that CO participates in a variety of physiological activities and pathological processes, and is closely related to cell protection and homeostasis maintenance in organ tissues. It has been shown by a growing number of studies that CO may play a regulatory and interventional role in the process of the occurrence and development of pain through a variety of mechanisms of action. However, its mechanism of action is still not fully understood and the uncontrollable factors concerning CO administration also placed considerable limitation to its application. This paper reviews the potential targets and pathways of CO in pain regulation and discusses the challenges and opportunities in the clinical application of CO in order to provide suggestions for further exploration and development of CO analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- 智尧 郑
- 四川大学华西临床医学院 (成都 610041)West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 愈茗 金
- 四川大学华西临床医学院 (成都 610041)West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 思怡 金
- 四川大学华西临床医学院 (成都 610041)West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 博文 柯
- 四川大学华西临床医学院 (成都 610041)West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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12
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Luu Hoang KN, Anstee JE, Arnold JN. The Diverse Roles of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Tumor Progression. Front Immunol 2021; 12:658315. [PMID: 33868304 PMCID: PMC8044534 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.658315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible intracellular enzyme that is expressed in response to a variety of stimuli to degrade heme, which generates the biologically active catabolites carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin and ferrous iron (Fe2+). HO-1 is expressed across a range of cancers and has been demonstrated to promote tumor progression through a variety of mechanisms. HO-1 can be expressed in a variety of cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), including both the malignant tumor cells as well as stromal cell populations such as macrophages, dendritic cells and regulatory T-cells. Intrinsically to the cell, HO-1 activity provides antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective effects via its catabolites as well as clearing toxic intracellular heme. However, the catabolites of heme degradation can also diffuse outside of the cell to extrinsically modulate the wider TME, influencing cellular functionality and biological processes which promote tumor progression, such as facilitating angiogenesis and metastasis, as well as promoting anti-inflammation and immune suppression. Pharmacological inhibition of HO-1 has been demonstrated to be a promising therapeutic approach to promote anti-tumor immune responses and inhibit metastasis. However, these biological functions might be context, TME and cell type-dependent as there is also conflicting reports for HO-1 activity facilitating anti-tumoral processes. This review will consider our current understanding of the role of HO-1 in cancer progression and as a therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Ngan Luu Hoang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne E Anstee
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James N Arnold
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Cai XH, Wang GQ, Liang R, Wang L, Liu TL, Zou JQ, Liu N, Liu Y, Wang SS, Shen ZY. CORM-2 Pretreatment Attenuates Inflammation-mediated Islet Dysfunction. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720903691. [PMID: 32364405 PMCID: PMC7444228 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720903691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During the process of human islet isolation a cascade of stressful events are
triggered and negatively influence islet yield, viability, and function,
including the production of proinflammatory cytokines and activation of
apoptosis. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecule 2 (CORM-2) is a donor of carbon
monoxide (CO) and can release CO spontaneously. Accumulating studies suggest
that CORM-2 exerts cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the
effect of CORM-2 on islet isolation is still unclear. In this study, we found
that CORM-2 pretreatment significantly decreased the expression of critical
inflammatory genes, including tissue factor,
intercellular adhesion molecule-1,
chemokine (C-C motif) ligand
2, C-X-C motif chemokine 10, Toll-like
receptor 4, interleukin-1β,
interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α
(TNF-α). The isolated islets of the CORM-2 pretreatment
group showed reduced apoptotic rate, improved viability, and higher
glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and functional gene expression in
comparison to control group. Importantly, CORM-2 pretreatment prevented the
impairment caused by TNF-α, evidenced by the improved glucose-stimulated index
and transplantation outcomes. The present study demonstrated the
anti-inflammatory property of CORM-2 during human islet isolation, and we
suggest that CORM-2 pretreatment is an appealing treatment to mitigate
inflammation-mediated islet dysfunction during isolation and culture ex vivo and
to preserve long-term islet survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Heng Cai
- The First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guan-Qiao Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Le Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Teng-Li Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia-Qi Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu-Sen Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
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14
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Lian S, Li S, Sah DK, Kim NH, Lakshmanan VK, Jung YD. Suppression of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor by Docosahexaenoic Acid Mediated by Heme Oxygenase-1 in 12- O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate-Induced Human Endothelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:577302. [PMID: 33381031 PMCID: PMC7768974 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.577302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) plays a crucial role in inflammation and tumor metastasis. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a representative omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, the mechanism by which DHA negatively regulates uPAR expression is not yet understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DHA on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced uPAR expression and potential role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in DHA-induced inhibition of uPAR in human endothelial ECV304 cells. Results showed that TPA induced uPAR expression in a time dependent manner, while DHA inhibited uPAR expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, treatment with DHA induced HO-1 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition, DHA-induced inhibition of uPAR expression and cell invasion in TPA-stimulated cells was reversed by si-HO-1 RNA. Induction of HO-1 by ferric protoporphyrin IX (FePP) inhibited TPA-induced uPAR expression, and this effect was abolished by treatment with the HO-1 inhibitor tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP). Additionally, carbon monoxide, an HO-1 product, attenuated TPA-induced uPAR expression and cell invasion. Collectively, these data suggest a novel role of DHA-induced HO-1 in reducing uPAR expression and cell invasion in human endothelial ECV304 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Shinan Li
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Nam Ho Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Vinoth-Kumar Lakshmanan
- Centre for Preclinical and Translational Medical Research (CPTMR), Central Research Facility (CRF), Faculty of Clinical Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.,Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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15
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Costa DL, Amaral EP, Andrade BB, Sher A. Modulation of Inflammation and Immune Responses by Heme Oxygenase-1: Implications for Infection with Intracellular Pathogens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121205. [PMID: 33266044 PMCID: PMC7761188 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the degradation of heme molecules releasing equimolar amounts of biliverdin, iron and carbon monoxide. Its expression is induced in response to stress signals such as reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive consequences for the host. Interestingly, several intracellular pathogens responsible for major human diseases have been shown to be powerful inducers of HO-1 expression in both host cells and in vivo. Studies have shown that this HO-1 response can be either host detrimental by impairing pathogen control or host beneficial by limiting infection induced inflammation and tissue pathology. These properties make HO-1 an attractive target for host-directed therapy (HDT) of the diseases in question, many of which have been difficult to control using conventional antibiotic approaches. Here we review the mechanisms by which HO-1 expression is induced and how the enzyme regulates inflammatory and immune responses during infection with a number of different intracellular bacterial and protozoan pathogens highlighting mechanistic commonalities and differences with the goal of identifying targets for disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego L. Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3061
| | - Eduardo P. Amaral
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.P.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador 40210-320, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador 41741-590, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate International Universities, Salvador 41770-235, Bahia, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador 40290-000, Bahia, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.P.A.); (A.S.)
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16
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Harnessing carbon monoxide-releasing platforms for cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 255:120193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Lv C, Su Q, Fang J, Yin H. Styrene-maleic acid copolymer-encapsulated carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (SMA/CORM-2) suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:320-326. [PMID: 31604526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although increasing evidence have confirmed that carbon monoxide release molecule-2(CORM-2) plays an active role in the treatment of inflammation and tumors, poor aqueous solubility and short CO-release duration restrict its extensive application. Our previous work synthesized styrene-maleic acid copolymer-encapsulated CORM-2 (SMA/CORM-2) to overcome above-mentioned deficiencies and demonstrated satisfactory effects in colitis. This study is to investigate the function of SMA/CORM-2 on colorectal cancer proliferation and metastasis. CCK-8 experiment is used to clarify the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of SMA/CORM-2 and to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay coated with or without matrigel was to detect cell invasion and migration. Western blot was used to detect β-catenin, AKT, p-AKT, VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. At last, nude mice xenograft was used to further investigate the anti-tumor effect of SMA/CORM-2 in vivo. After SW480 and C26 cells were treated with 0.5 mg/ml SMA/CORM-2, CRC cells proliferation, migration and invasion were inhibited. In vivo, SMA/CORM-2 treatment remarkably suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in nude mice. Furthermore, the expression of β-catenin, p-AKT, VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins could be down-regulated after SMA/CORM-2 treatment. SMA/CORM-2 exerted both in vitro and in vivo anti-proliferation and anti-metastatic effects, which may yield a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Su
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fang
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan
| | - Hongzhuan Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Wu B, Wu Y, Tang W. Heme Catabolic Pathway in Inflammation and Immune Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:825. [PMID: 31396090 PMCID: PMC6667928 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the heme catabolic pathway is considered to play an important regulatory role in cell protection, apoptosis, inflammation, and other physiological and pathological processes. An appropriate amount of heme forms the basic elements of various life activities, while when released in large quantities, it can induce toxicity by mediating oxidative stress and inflammation. Heme oxygenase (HO) -1 can catabolize free heme into carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron, and biliverdin (BV)/bilirubin (BR). The diverse functions of these metabolites in immune systems are fascinating. Decades work shows that administration of degradation products of heme such as CO and BV/BR exerts protective activities in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS) and other immune disorders. This review elaborates the molecular and biochemical characterization of heme catabolic pathway, discusses the signal transduction and immunomodulatory mechanism in inflammation and summarizes the promising therapeutic strategies based on this pathway in inflammatory and immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Wu
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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El-Achkar GA, Mrad MF, Mouawad CA, Badran B, Jaffa AA, Motterlini R, Hamade E, Habib A. Heme oxygenase-1-Dependent anti-inflammatory effects of atorvastatin in zymosan-injected subcutaneous air pouch in mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216405. [PMID: 31071151 PMCID: PMC6508873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins exert pleiotropic and beneficial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. We have previously reported that macrophages treated with statins increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an inducible anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective stress protein, responsible for the degradation of heme. In the present study, we investigated the effects of atorvastatin on inflammation in mice and analyzed its mechanism of action in vivo. Air pouches were established in 8 week-old female C57BL/6J mice. Atorvastatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and/or tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPPIX), a heme oxygenase inhibitor (12 mg/kg, i.p.), were administered for 10 days. Zymosan, a cell wall component of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was injected in the air pouch to trigger inflammation. Cell number and levels of inflammatory markers were determined in exudates collected from the pouch 24 hours post zymosan injection by flow cytometry, ELISA and quantitative PCR. Analysis of the mice treated with atorvastatin alone displayed increased expression of HO-1, arginase-1, C-type lectin domain containing 7A, and mannose receptor C-type 1 in the cells of the exudate of the air pouch. Flow cytometry analysis revealed an increase in monocyte/macrophage cells expressing HO-1 and in leukocytes expressing MRC-1 in response to atorvastatin. Mice treated with atorvastatin showed a significant reduction in cell influx in response to zymosan, and in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin-1α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and prostaglandin E2. Co-treatment of mice with atorvastatin and tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPPIX), an inhibitor of heme oxygenase, reversed the inhibitory effect of statin on cell influx and proinflammatory markers, suggesting a protective role of HO-1. Flow cytometry analysis of air pouch cell contents revealed prevalence of neutrophils and to a lesser extent of monocytes/macrophages with no significant effect of atorvastatin treatment on the modification of their relative proportion. These findings identify HO-1 as a target for the therapeutic actions of atorvastatin and highlight its potential role as an in vivo anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghewa A. El-Achkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSERM U955, Equipe 12, University Paris-Est, Faculty of Medicine, Créteil, France
| | - May F. Mrad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Charbel A. Mouawad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ayad A. Jaffa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roberto Motterlini
- INSERM U955, Equipe 12, University Paris-Est, Faculty of Medicine, Créteil, France
| | - Eva Hamade
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (AH); (EH)
| | - Aida Habib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d’Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (AH); (EH)
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20
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Daniels HG, Fast OG, Shell SM, Beckford FA. Chemistry and biology of manganese carbon-releasing molecules containing thiosemicarbazone ligands. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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The inhibition of heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1) abolishes the mitochondrial protection induced by sesamol in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 296:171-178. [PMID: 30261164 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Redox impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction have been seen in inflammation. Thus, there is interest in studies aiming to find molecules that would exert mitochondrial protection in mammalian tissues undergoing inflammation. Sesamol (SES) is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule as demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Nonetheless, it was not previously demonstrated whether and how SES would cause mitochondrial protection during inflammation. Thus, we investigated here whether a pretreatment (for 1 h) with SES (1-100 μM) would prevent mitochondrial impairment in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. It was also evaluated whether the heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1) would be involved in the effects on mitochondria induced by SES. We found that SES reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation and protein nitration in the membranes of mitochondria obtained from LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. SES also attenuated the production of superoxide anion radical (O2-•) and nitric oxide (NO•) in this experimental model. SES suppressed the LPS-elicited mitochondrial dysfunction, as assessed through the analyses of the activities of the mitochondrial complexes I and V. SES also abrogated the LPS-induced decrease in the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). SES induced mitochondria-related anti-apoptotic effects in LPS-treated cells. Besides, SES pretreatment abrogated the LPS-triggered inflammation by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory proteins. The SES-induced mitochondria-associated protection was blocked by the specific inhibitor of HO-1, ZnPP IX (20 μM). Therefore, SES induced mitochondrial protection in LPS-treated cells by a mechanism involving HO-1.
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22
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Onyiah JC, Schaefer REM, Colgan SP. A Central Role for Heme Oxygenase-1 in the Control of Intestinal Epithelial Chemokine Expression. J Innate Immun 2018; 10:228-238. [PMID: 29791903 DOI: 10.1159/000488914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In mucosal inflammatory disorders, the protective influence of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its metabolic byproducts, carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin, is a topic of significant interest. Mechanisms under investigation include the regulation of macrophage function and mucosal cytokine expression. While there is an increasing recognition of the importance of epithelial-derived factors in the maintenance of intestinal mucosal homeostasis, the contribution of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) HO-1 on inflammatory responses has not previously been investigated. We examined the influence of modulating HO-1 expression on the inflammatory response of human IECs. Engineered deficiency of HO-1 in Caco-2 and T84 IECs led to increased proinflammatory chemokine expression in response to pathogenic bacteria and inflammatory cytokine stimulation. Crosstalk with activated leukocytes also led to increased chemokine expression in HO-1-deficient cells in an IL-1β dependent manner. Treatment of Caco-2 cells with a pharmacological inducer of HO-1 led to the inhibition of chemokine expression. Mechanistic studies suggest that HO-1 and HO-1-related transcription factors, but not HO-1 metabolic products, are partly responsible for the influence of HO-1 on chemokine expression. In conclusion, our data identify HO-1 as a central regulator of IEC chemokine expression that may contribute to homeo-stasis in the intestinal mucosa.
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23
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Gao C, Liang X, Guo Z, Jiang BP, Liu X, Shen XC. Diiron Hexacarbonyl Complex Induces Site-Specific Release of Carbon Monoxide in Cancer Cells Triggered by Endogenous Glutathione. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:2683-2689. [PMID: 30023846 PMCID: PMC6044757 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have evaluated a water-soluble, nontarget reagent and a carrier-free diiron hexacarbonyl complex, [Fe2{μ-SCH2CH(OH)CH2(OH)}2(CO)6] (TG-FeCORM), that can induce the site-specific release of carbon monoxide (CO) in cancer cells triggered by endogenous glutathione (GSH). The releasing rate of CO was dependent on the amount of endogenous GSH. Being the amount of endogenous GSH higher in cancer cells than in normal cells, the CO-releasing rate resulted faster in cancer cells. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory properties related to the intracellular CO release of TG-FeCORM were also confirmed in the living HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunji Gao
- State
Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal
Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- State
Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal
Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxi Guo
- State
Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal
Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Bang-Ping Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal
Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College
of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Can Shen
- State
Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal
Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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24
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Exogenous carbon monoxide inhibits neutrophil infiltration in LPS-induced sepsis by interfering with FPR1 via p38 MAPK but not GRK2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:34250-65. [PMID: 27144520 PMCID: PMC5085153 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive neutrophil infiltration in vital organs is life-threatening to patients who suffer from sepsis. We identified a critical role of exogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in the inhibition of neutrophil infiltration during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. CO delivered from carbon monoxide-releasing molecule 2 (CORM-2) dramatically increased the survival rate of C57BL/6 mice subjected to LPS in vivo. CORM-2 significantly suppressed neutrophil infiltration in liver and lung as well as markers of inflammatory responses. Affymetrix GeneChip array analysis revealed that the increased expression of chemoattractant receptor formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) may contribute to the excessive neutrophil infiltration. The under agarose migration assay demonstrated that LPS stimulation promoted migration to the ligand of FPR1, N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) but that CORM-2 treatment inhibited this promotion. Further studies demonstrated that CORM-2 internalized FPR1 by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) but not G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), which may explain the inhibitory effect of CORM-2 on LPS-stimulated neutrophils. In summary, our study demonstrates that exogenous CO inhibits sepsis-induced neutrophil infiltration by interfering with FPR1 via p38 MAPK but not GRK2.
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25
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Muliaditan T, Opzoomer JW, Caron J, Okesola M, Kosti P, Lall S, Van Hemelrijck M, Dazzi F, Tutt A, Grigoriadis A, Gillett CE, Madden SF, Burchell JM, Kordasti S, Diebold SS, Spicer JF, Arnold JN. Repurposing Tin Mesoporphyrin as an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Shows Therapeutic Efficacy in Preclinical Models of Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1617-1628. [PMID: 29339440 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Unprecedented clinical outcomes have been achieved in a variety of cancers by targeting immune checkpoint molecules. This preclinical study investigates heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an immunosuppressive enzyme that is expressed in a wide variety of cancers, as a potential immune checkpoint target in the context of a chemotherapy-elicited antitumor immune response. We evaluate repurposing tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP), which has demonstrated safety and efficacy targeting hepatic HO in the clinic for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia, as an immune checkpoint blockade therapy for the treatment of cancer.Experimental Design: SnMP and genetic inactivation of myeloid HO-1 were evaluated alongside 5-fluorouracil in an aggressive spontaneous murine model of breast cancer (MMTV-PyMT). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, tumor microarray, and clinical survival data from breast cancer patients were used to support the clinical relevance of our observations.Results: We demonstrate that SnMP inhibits immune suppression of chemotherapy-elicited CD8+ T cells by targeting myeloid HO-1 activity in the tumor microenvironment. Microarray and survival data from breast cancer patients reveal that HO-1 is a poor prognostic factor in patients receiving chemotherapy. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis suggests that the myeloid lineage is a significant source of HO-1 expression, and is co-expressed with the immune checkpoints PD-L1/2 in human breast tumors. In vivo, we therapeutically compare the efficacy of targeting these two pathways alongside immune-stimulating chemotherapy, and demonstrate that the efficacy of SnMP compares favorably with PD-1 blockade in preclinical models.Conclusions: SnMP could represent a novel immune checkpoint therapy, which may improve the immunological response to chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 24(7); 1617-28. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Muliaditan
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James W Opzoomer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Caron
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Okesola
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paris Kosti
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharanpreet Lall
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Dazzi
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cheryl E Gillett
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen F Madden
- Population Health Sciences Division, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Joy M Burchell
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shahram Kordasti
- Department of Hematological Medicine, King's College London, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra S Diebold
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James F Spicer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James N Arnold
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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26
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Wallace JL, Ianaro A, de Nucci G. Gaseous Mediators in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Defense and Injury. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:2223-2230. [PMID: 28733867 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Of the numerous gaseous substances that can act as signaling molecules, the best characterized are nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. Contributions of each of these low molecular weight substances, alone or in combination, to maintenance of gastrointestinal mucosal integrity have been established. There is considerable overlap in the actions of these gases in modulating mucosal defense and responses to injury, and in some instances they act in a cooperative manner. Each also play important roles in regulating inflammatory and repair processes throughout the gastrointestinal tract. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of novel anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective drugs that exploit the beneficial activities of one or more of these gaseous mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Wallace
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Fernandopolis, SP, Brazil.
| | - Angela Ianaro
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gilberto de Nucci
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Fernandopolis, SP, Brazil
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27
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus, SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies, which bind to antigens and are deposited within tissues to fix complement, resulting in widespread systemic inflammation. The studies presented herein are consistent with hyperpolarized, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-deficient mitochondria being central to the disease process. These hyperpolarized mitochondria resist the depolarization required for activation-induced apoptosis. The mitochondrial ATP deficits add to this resistance to apoptosis and also reduce the macrophage energy that is needed to clear apoptotic bodies. In both cases, necrosis, the alternative pathway of cell death, results. Intracellular constituents spill into the blood and tissues, eliciting inflammatory responses directed at their removal. What results is “autoimmunity.” Ultraviolet (UV)-A1 photons have the capacity to remediate this aberrancy. Exogenous exposure to low-dose, full-body, UV-A1 radiation generates singlet oxygen. Singlet oxygen has two major palliative actions in patients with lupus and the UV-A1 photons themselves have several more. Singlet oxygen depolarizes the hyperpolarized mitochondrion, triggering non-ATP-dependent apoptosis that deters necrosis. Next, singlet oxygen activates the gene encoding heme oxygenase (HO-1), a major governor of systemic homeostasis. HO-1 catalyzes the degradation of the oxidant heme into biliverdin (converted to bilirubin), Fe, and carbon monoxide (CO), the first three of these exerting powerful antioxidant effects, and in conjunction with a fourth, CO, protecting against injury to the coronary arteries, the central nervous system, and the lungs. The UV-A1 photons themselves directly attenuate disease in lupus by reducing B cell activity, preventing the suppression of cell-mediated immunity, slowing an epigenetic progression toward SLE, and ameliorating discoid and subacute cutaneous lupus. Finally, a combination of these mechanisms reduces levels of anticardiolipin antibodies and protects during lupus pregnancy. Capping all of this is that UV-A1 irradiation is an essentially innocuous, highly manageable, and comfortable therapeutic agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- H McGrath
- Veterans Administration, New Orleans, LA, USA
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28
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Meng X, Fei D, Liu M, Yang S, Song N, Jiang L, Kang K, Nan C, Luo Y, Pan S, Zhao M. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-2 suppresses thrombomodulin and endothelial protein C receptor expression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide in vitro. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6978. [PMID: 28538400 PMCID: PMC5457880 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to observe the counter-effect of carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-suppressed thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) expressions from human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and to reveal its mechanisms. METHODS HUVECs were divided into 5 treatment groups, wherein reagents were added simultaneously. TM and EPCR proteins of the cells and the culture medium levels of soluble TM, soluble EPCR, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were detected after administration, whereas mRNA levels of TM and EPCR, as well as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activity among groups, were also evaluated. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in any indicator between CORM-2 and sham groups. Addition of LPS produced drastic increase in MMP-2 expression, NF-κB activity, shedding of TM and EPCR (into the culture medium), as well as remarkable decrease in both mRNA and protein expressions of TM and EPCR, and cell viability. LPS + CORM-2 treatment significantly reduced the increase in MMP-2, NF-κB activity, and TM/EPCR shedding, whereas maintained both mRNA and protein levels of TM and EPCR, and preserved cell viability. CONCLUSIONS CORM-2 protects HUVEC from LPS-induced injury, by way of suppressing NF-κB activity, which downregulates TM and EPCR mRNAs. It also decreases MMP-2 expression and prevents the shedding of TM and EPCR from the surface of endothelial cells, so as to preserve their protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shangha Pan
- The Key Hepatosplenic Surgery Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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29
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de Oliveira MR, da Costa Ferreira G, Brasil FB, Peres A. Pinocembrin Suppresses H2O2-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction by a Mechanism Dependent on the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis in SH-SY5Y Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:989-1003. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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30
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Carbon Monoxide Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by the Cyclic GMP/Protein Kinase G and NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Virol 2016; 91:JVI.01866-16. [PMID: 27795439 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01866-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses to the pork industry worldwide each year. Our previous research demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can suppress PRRSV replication via an unknown molecular mechanism. In this study, inhibition of PRRSV replication was demonstrated to be mediated by carbon monoxide (CO), a downstream metabolite of HO-1. Using several approaches, we demonstrate that CO significantly inhibited PRRSV replication in both a PRRSV permissive cell line, MARC-145, and the predominant cell type targeted during in vivo PRRSV infection, porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Our results showed that CO inhibited intercellular spread of PRRSV; however, it did not affect PRRSV entry into host cells. Furthermore, CO was found to suppress PRRSV replication via the activation of the cyclic GMP/protein kinase G (cGMP/PKG) signaling pathway. CO significantly inhibits PRRSV-induced NF-κB activation, a required step for PRRSV replication. Moreover, CO significantly reduced PRRSV-induced proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CO exerts its anti-PRRSV effect by activating the cellular cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and by negatively regulating cellular NF-κB signaling. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of HO-1 inhibition of PRRSV replication but also suggest potential new control measures for future PRRSV outbreaks. IMPORTANCE PRRSV causes great economic losses each year to the swine industry worldwide. Carbon monoxide (CO), a metabolite of HO-1, has been shown to have antimicrobial and antiviral activities in infected cells. Our previous research demonstrated that HO-1 can suppress PRRSV replication. Here we show that endogenous CO produced through HO-1 catalysis mediates the antiviral effect of HO-1. CO inhibits PRRSV replication by activating the cellular cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and by negatively regulating cellular NF-κB signaling. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of HO-1 inhibition of PRRSV replication but also suggest potential new control measures for future PRRSV outbreaks.
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31
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Steiger C, Hermann C, Meinel L. Localized delivery of carbon monoxide. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 118:3-12. [PMID: 27836646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO)/carbon monoxide (CO) system is a physiological feedback loop orchestrating various cell-protective effects in response to cellular stress. The therapeutic use of CO is impeded by safety challenges as a result of high CO-Hemoglobin formation following non-targeted, systemic administration jeopardizing successful CO therapies as of this biological barrier. Another caveat is the use of CO-Releasing Molecules containing toxicologically critical transition metals. An emerging number of local delivery approaches addressing these issues have recently been introduced and provide exciting new starting points for translating the fascinating preclinical potential of CO into a clinical setting. This review will discuss these approaches and link to future delivery strategies aiming at establishing CO as a safe and effective medication of tomorrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Steiger
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, DE-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelius Hermann
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, DE-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, DE-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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32
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Steiger C, Uchiyama K, Takagi T, Mizushima K, Higashimura Y, Gutmann M, Hermann C, Botov S, Schmalz HG, Naito Y, Meinel L. Prevention of colitis by controlled oral drug delivery of carbon monoxide. J Control Release 2016; 239:128-36. [PMID: 27578097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous signal transmitter involved in numerous physiological processes including the gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis. CO has been recognized as potential new therapeutic agent for motility related and inflammatory disorders of the GI tract. A therapeutic use, however, is challenged by inappropriate drug delivery modes. Here we describe a micro scale Oral Carbon Monoxide Release System (M-OCORS) designed for localized and controlled exposure of the GI tract with in situ generated CO. M-OCORS allowed for controlled release profiles lasting for several minutes or up to almost one day. These in vitro release profiles translated into a large pharmacokinetic design space following oral administration in mice and measured as CO-hemoglobin (CO-Hb) formation. M-OCORS with a release profile featuring exposure of the intestine was profiled in two independently performed studies demonstrating preventive effects in chemically induced colitis. M-OCORS significantly reduced damage scores and prevented upregulation of colitis biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Steiger
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Kazuhiko Uchiyama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higashimura
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Marcus Gutmann
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelius Hermann
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Svetlana Botov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Koeln, Germany
| | - Hans-Günther Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Koeln, Germany
| | - Yuji Naito
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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33
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Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 ameliorates IL-1β-induced IL-8 in human gastric cancer cells. Toxicology 2016; 361-362:24-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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34
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Mitterstiller AM, Haschka D, Dichtl S, Nairz M, Demetz E, Talasz H, Soares MP, Einwallner E, Esterbauer H, Fang FC, Geley S, Weiss G. Heme oxygenase 1 controls early innate immune response of macrophages to Salmonella Typhimurium infection. Cell Microbiol 2016; 18:1374-89. [PMID: 26866925 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are central for the immune control of intracellular microbes. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1, hmox) is the first and rate limiting enzyme in the breakdown of heme originating from degraded senescent erythrocytes and heme-proteins, yielding equal amounts of iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin. HO-1 is strongly up-regulated in macrophages in response to inflammatory signals, including bacterial endotoxin. In view of the essential role of iron for the growth and proliferation of intracellular bacteria along with known effects of the metal on innate immune function, we examined whether HO-1 plays a role in the control of infection with the intracellular bacterium Salmonella Typhimurium. We studied the course of infection in stably-transfected murine macrophages (RAW264.7) bearing a tetracycline-inducible plasmid producing hmox shRNA and in primary HO-1 knockout macrophages. While uptake of bacteria into macrophages was not affected, a significantly reduced survival of intracellular Salmonella was observed upon hmox knockdown or pharmacological hmox inhibition, which was independent of Nramp1 functionality. This could be traced to limitation of iron availability for intramacrophage bacteria along with enhanced stimulation of innate immune effector pathways, including the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and increased TNF-α expression. Mechanistically, these latter effects result from intracellular iron limitation with subsequent activation of NF-κB and further inos, tnfa and p47phox transcription along with reduced formation of the anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging molecules, CO and biliverdin as a consequence of HO-1 silencing. Taken together our data provide novel evidence that the infection-driven induction of HO-1 exerts detrimental effects in the early control of Salmonella infection, whereas hmox inhibition can favourably modulate anti-bacterial immune effector pathways of macrophages and promote bacterial elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Mitterstiller
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Haschka
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefanie Dichtl
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Talasz
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Elisa Einwallner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Esterbauer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ferric C Fang
- University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195-7735, USA
| | - Stephan Geley
- Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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35
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Nguyen D, Adnan NNM, Oliver S, Boyer C. The Interaction of CORM‐2 with Block Copolymers Containing Poly(4‐vinylpyridine): Macromolecular Scaffolds for Carbon Monoxide Delivery in Biological Systems. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:739-44. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diep Nguyen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering University of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Nik Nik M. Adnan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering University of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering University of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN) University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering University of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN) University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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36
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He Q, Kiesewetter DO, Qu Y, Fu X, Fan J, Huang P, Liu Y, Zhu G, Liu Y, Qian Z, Chen X. NIR-Responsive On-Demand Release of CO from Metal Carbonyl-Caged Graphene Oxide Nanomedicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6741-6. [PMID: 26401893 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
On-demand release of carbon monoxide (CO) is realized through a novel near-infrared-responsive nanomedicine in favor of the enhancement of therapy efficacy and biosafety of CO therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjun He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging; Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Guangdong Shenzhen 518060 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Dale O. Kiesewetter
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Ying Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Peng Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Yijing Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Guizhi Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda MD 20892 USA
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Carbon Monoxide (CO) Released from Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) Dimer (CORM-2) in Gastroprotection against Experimental Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140493. [PMID: 26460608 PMCID: PMC4604159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological gaseous molecule, carbon monoxide (CO) becomes a subject of extensive investigation due to its vasoactive activity throughout the body but its role in gastroprotection has been little investigated. We determined the mechanism of CO released from its donor tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2) in protection of gastric mucosa against 75% ethanol-induced injury. Rats were pretreated with CORM-2 30 min prior to 75% ethanol with or without 1) non-selective (indomethacin) or selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 (SC-560) and COX-2 (celecoxib) inhibitors, 2) nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L-NNA, 3) ODQ, a soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, hemin, a heme oxygenase (HO)-1 inductor or zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX), an inhibitor of HO-1 activity. The CO content in gastric mucosa and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level in blood was analyzed by gas chromatography. The gastric mucosal mRNA expression for HO-1, COX-1, COX-2, iNOS, IL-4, IL-1β was analyzed by real-time PCR while HO-1, HO-2 and Nrf2 protein expression was determined by Western Blot. Pretreatment with CORM-2 (0.5-10 mg/kg) dose-dependently attenuated ethanol-induced lesions and raised gastric blood flow (GBF) but large dose of 100 mg/kg was ineffective. CORM-2 (5 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg i.g.) significantly increased gastric mucosal CO content and whole blood COHb level. CORM-2-induced protection was reversed by indomethacin, SC-560 and significantly attenuated by celecoxib, ODQ and L-NNA. Hemin significantly reduced ethanol damage and raised GBF while ZnPPIX which exacerbated ethanol-induced injury inhibited CORM-2- and hemin-induced gastroprotection and the accompanying rise in GBF. CORM-2 significantly increased gastric mucosal HO-1 mRNA expression and decreased mRNA expression for iNOS, IL-1β, COX-1 and COX-2 but failed to affect HO-1 and Nrf2 protein expression decreased by ethanol. We conclude that CORM-2 released CO exerts gastroprotection against ethanol-induced gastric lesions involving an increase in gastric microcirculation mediated by sGC/cGMP, prostaglandins derived from COX-1, NO-NOS system and its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Inaba H, Sanghamitra NJM, Fujita K, Sho T, Kuchimaru T, Kitagawa S, Kizaka-Kondoh S, Ueno T. A metal carbonyl-protein needle composite designed for intracellular CO delivery to modulate NF-κB activity. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:3111-8. [PMID: 26360102 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00327j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has been recognized as a messenger for signal transduction in living cells and tissues. For intracellular CO delivery, several metal carbonyl complexes have been used as CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs). To improve the properties of CO-RMs, such as the stability and the CO release rate, ligands and carriers of the metal complexes have been exploited. Here we report the development of an efficient intracellular CO delivery system using a protein scaffold. We used a protein needle reconstructed from gene product 5 of bacteriophage T4, which has high cellular permeability and stability. When ruthenium carbonyl complexes are conjugated to the needle using a His-tag triad at the C-terminus, the resulting composite has a significantly higher cellular uptake efficiency of Ru carbonyl and a 12-fold prolonged CO release rate relative to Ru(CO)3Cl(glycinate), a widely used CO-RM. We demonstrate that CO delivered by the composite activates the transcriptional factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), which in turn leads to significant induction of expression of its target genes, HO1, NQO1, and IL6, through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The signaling pathway is distinct from that of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced activation of NF-κB. The protein needle-based CO-RM can be exploited to elucidate the biological functions of CO and used in the development of protein-based organometallic tools for modulation of cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Fujita K, Tanaka Y, Abe S, Ueno T. A Photoactive Carbon-Monoxide-Releasing Protein Cage for Dose-Regulated Delivery in Living Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1056-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Fujita
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; B-55, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Yuya Tanaka
- Chemical Resources Laboratory; Tokyo Institute of Technology; R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Satoshi Abe
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; B-55, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; B-55, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
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40
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Fujita K, Tanaka Y, Abe S, Ueno T. A Photoactive Carbon-Monoxide-Releasing Protein Cage for Dose-Regulated Delivery in Living Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Fujita
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; B-55, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Yuya Tanaka
- Chemical Resources Laboratory; Tokyo Institute of Technology; R1-27, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Satoshi Abe
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; B-55, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Tokyo Institute of Technology; B-55, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
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Nogueira E, Mangialavori IC, Loureiro A, Azoia NG, Sárria MP, Nogueira P, Freitas J, Härmark J, Shimanovich U, Rollett A, Lacroix G, Bernardes GJL, Guebitz G, Hebert H, Moreira A, Carmo AM, Rossi JPFC, Gomes AC, Preto A, Cavaco-Paulo A. Peptide Anchor for Folate-Targeted Liposomal Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2904-10. [PMID: 26241560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Specific folate receptors are abundantly overexpressed in chronically activated macrophages and in most cancer cells. Directed folate receptor targeting using liposomes is usually achieved using folate linked to a phospholipid or cholesterol anchor. This link is formed using a large spacer like polyethylene glycol. Here, we report an innovative strategy for targeted liposome delivery that uses a hydrophobic fragment of surfactant protein D linked to folate. Our proposed spacer is a small 4 amino acid residue linker. The peptide conjugate inserts deeply into the lipid bilayer without affecting liposomal integrity, with high stability and specificity. To compare the drug delivery potential of both liposomal targeting systems, we encapsulated the nuclear dye Hoechst 34580. The eventual increase in blue fluorescence would only be detectable upon liposome disruption, leading to specific binding of this dye to DNA. Our delivery system was proven to be more efficient (2-fold) in Caco-2 cells than classic systems where the folate moiety is linked to liposomes by polyethylene glycol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugénia Nogueira
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal.,CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Irene C Mangialavori
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET , 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Loureiro
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal.,CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Nuno G Azoia
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Marisa P Sárria
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Nogueira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jaime Freitas
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Johan Härmark
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, The Royal Institute of Technology, School of Technology and Health, Karolinska Institutet , S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ulyana Shimanovich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Rollett
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Ghislaine Lacroix
- INERIS - Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques , 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Georg Guebitz
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Hans Hebert
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, The Royal Institute of Technology, School of Technology and Health, Karolinska Institutet , S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Moreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandre M Carmo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , 4099-003 Porto, Portugal
| | - Juan Pablo F C Rossi
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET , 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andreia C Gomes
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Ana Preto
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho , Braga 4710-057, Portugal
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Rufino AT, Ferreira I, Judas F, Salgueiro L, Lopes MC, Cavaleiro C, Mendes AF. Differential effects of the essential oils of Lavandula luisieri and Eryngium duriaei subsp. juresianum in cell models of two chronic inflammatory diseases. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1220-30. [PMID: 25612776 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.970701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Effective drugs to treat osteoarthritis (OA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are needed. OBJECTIVE To identify essential oils (EOs) with anti-inflammatory activity in cell models of OA and IBD. MATERIALS AND METHODS EOs from Eryngium duriaei subsp. juresianum (M. Laínz) M. Laínz (Apiaceae), Laserpitium eliasii subsp. thalictrifolium Sennen & Pau (Apiaceae), Lavandula luisieri (Rozeira) Rivas-Martínez (Lamiaceae), Othantus maritimus (L.) Hoff. & Link (Asteraceae), and Thapsia villosa L. (Apiaceae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The anti-inflammatory activity of EOs (5-200 μg/mL) was evaluated by measuring inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation (total and phosphorylated IκB-α), in primary human chondrocytes and the intestinal cell line, C2BBe1, stimulated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), respectively. RESULTS The EO of L. luisieri significantly reduced iNOS (by 54.9 and 81.0%, respectively) and phosphorylated IκB-α (by 87.4% and 62.3%, respectively) in both cell models. The EO of E. duriaei subsp. juresianum caused similar effects in human chondrocytes, but was inactive in intestinal cells, even at higher concentrations. The EOs of L. eliasii subsp. thalictrifolium and O. maritimus decreased iNOS expression by 45.2 ± 8.7% and 45.2 ± 6.2%, respectively, in C2BBe1 cells and were inactive in chondrocytes. The EO of T. villosa was inactive in both cell types. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This is the first study showing anti-inflammatory effects of the EOs of L. luisieri and E. duriaei subsp. juresianum. These effects are specific of the cell type and may be valuable to develop new therapies or as sources of active compounds with improved efficacy and selectivity towards OA and IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Rufino
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
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Abstract
There are numerous gaseous substances that can act as signaling molecules, but the best characterized of these are nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide. Each has been shown to play important roles in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. This article is focused on the effects of these gasotransmitters in the context of inflammation. There is considerable overlap in the actions of nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide with respect to inflammation, and these mediators appear to act primarily as anti-inflammatory substances, promoting resolution of inflammatory processes. They also have protective and pro-healing effects in some tissues, such as the gastrointestinal tract and lung. Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in the development of novel anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective drugs that release of one or more of these gaseous mediators.
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Qin S, Du R, Yin S, Liu X, Xu G, Cao W. Nrf2 is essential for the anti-inflammatory effect of carbon monoxide in LPS-induced inflammation. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:537-48. [PMID: 26049867 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbon monoxide (CO) released from CORM-2 has anti-inflammatory function, but the critical molecule mediating the inflammation inhibition has not been elucidated. Previous studies indicate that CORM-2 can activate Nrf2, a key transcription factor regulating host defense against oxidative stress and inflammation-related disorders. In this study we use Nrf2 knockout mice to determine the role of Nrf2 in mediating the CO anti-inflammatory action. METHODS We compared CORM-2's inhibiting effect on pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and iNOS) in primary peritoneal macrophages, mouse liver and brain tissues from Nrf2(+/+) and Nrf2(-/-) mice. We further assayed the inflammatory cell infiltration in both liver and brain tissues of the Nrf2(+/+) and Nrf2(-/-) mice. Finally, we examined CORM's influence on mouse mortality in a mouse sepsis model. RESULTS Our results showed that CORM-2 dramatically inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Nrf2(+/+) mice, but not in Nrf2(-/-) mice. Furthermore CORM-2 substantially decreased LPS-induced mouse mortality of Nrf2(+/+) mice, but not of Nrf2(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION We conclude that Nrf2 is indispensable for CORM-2 inhibition of LPS-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- SiYuan Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Schallner N, Otterbein LE. Friend or foe? Carbon monoxide and the mitochondria. Front Physiol 2015; 6:17. [PMID: 25691872 PMCID: PMC4315013 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Schallner
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA ; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg Freiburg, Germany
| | - Leo E Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
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Chi PL, Chuang YC, Chen YW, Lin CC, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. The CO donor CORM-2 inhibits LPS-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and leukocyte adhesion in human rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:2993-3009. [PMID: 24628691 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Infection with Gram-negative bacteria has been recognized as an initiator of rheumatoid arthritis, which is characterized by chronic inflammation and infiltration of immune cells. Carbon monoxide (CO) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Here we have investigated the detailed mechanisms of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression induced by LPS and if CO inhibited LPS-induced leukocyte adhesion to synovial fibroblasts by suppressing VCAM-1 expression. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) were incubated with LPS and/or the CO-releasing compound CORM-2. Effects of LPS on VCAM-1 levels were determined by analysing mRNA expression, promoter activity, protein expression, and immunohistochemical staining. The molecular mechanisms were investigated by determining the expression, activation, and binding activity of transcriptional factors using target signal antagonists. KEY RESULTS CORM-2 significantly inhibited inflammatory responses in LPS-treated RASFs by down-regulating the expression of adhesion molecule VCAM-1 and leukocyte infiltration. The down-regulation of LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression involved inhibition of the expression of phosphorylated-NF-κB p65 and AP-1 (p-c-Jun, c-Jun and c-Fos mRNA levels). These results were confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay to detect NF-κB and AP-1 DNA binding activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS LPS-mediated formation of the TLR4/MyD88/TRAF6/c-Src complex regulated NF-κB and MAPKs/AP-1 activation leading to VCAM-1 expression and leukocyte adhesion. CORM-2, which liberates CO to elicit direct biological activities, attenuated LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression by interfering with NF-κB and AP-1 activation, and significantly reduced LPS-induced immune cell infiltration of the synovium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Ageing Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Chaves-Ferreira M, Albuquerque IS, Matak-Vinkovic D, Coelho AC, Carvalho SM, Saraiva LM, Romão CC, Bernardes GJL. Spontaneous CO release from Ru(II)(CO)2-protein complexes in aqueous solution, cells, and mice. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:1172-5. [PMID: 25477186 PMCID: PMC4506567 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that Ru(II)(CO)2-protein complexes, formed by the reaction of the hydrolytic decomposition products of [fac-RuCl(κ(2)-H2NCH2CO2)(CO)3] (CORM-3) with histidine residues exposed on the surface of proteins, spontaneously release CO in aqueous solution, cells, and mice. CO release was detected by mass spectrometry (MS) and confocal microscopy using a CO-responsive turn-on fluorescent probe. These findings support our hypothesis that plasma proteins act as CO carriers after in vivo administration of CORM-3. CO released from a synthetic bovine serum albumin (BSA)-Ru(II)(CO)2 complex leads to downregulation of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in cancer cells. Finally, administration of BSA-Ru(II)(CO)2 in mice bearing a colon carcinoma tumor results in enhanced CO accumulation at the tumor. Our data suggest the use of Ru(II)(CO)2-protein complexes as viable alternatives for the safe and spatially controlled delivery of therapeutic CO in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Chaves-Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz1649-028 Lisboa (Portugal)
| | - Inês S Albuquerque
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz1649-028 Lisboa (Portugal)
| | - Dijana Matak-Vinkovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Ana C Coelho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica-António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República2780-157 Oeiras (Portugal)
| | - Sandra M Carvalho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica-António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República2780-157 Oeiras (Portugal)
| | - Lígia M Saraiva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica-António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República2780-157 Oeiras (Portugal)
| | - Carlos C Romão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica-António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República2780-157 Oeiras (Portugal)
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz1649-028 Lisboa (Portugal)
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK)
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Chaves-Ferreira M, Albuquerque IS, Matak-Vinkovic D, Coelho AC, Carvalho SM, Saraiva LM, Romão CC, Bernardes GJL. Spontaneous CO Release from RuII(CO)2-Protein Complexes in Aqueous Solution, Cells, and Mice. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chigaev A, Smagley Y, Sklar LA. Carbon monoxide down-regulates α4β1 integrin-specific ligand binding and cell adhesion: a possible mechanism for cell mobilization. BMC Immunol 2014; 15:52. [PMID: 25367365 PMCID: PMC4221689 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-014-0052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carbon monoxide (CO), a byproduct of heme degradation, is attracting growing attention from the scientific community. At physiological concentrations, CO plays a role as a signal messenger that regulates a number of physiological processes. CO releasing molecules are under evaluation in preclinical models for the management of inflammation, sepsis, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and organ transplantation. Because of our discovery that nitric oxide signaling actively down-regulates integrin affinity and cell adhesion, and the similarity between nitric oxide and CO-dependent signaling, we studied the effects of CO on integrin signaling and cell adhesion. Results We used a cell permeable CO releasing molecule (CORM-2) to elevate intracellular CO, and a fluorescent Very Late Antigen-4 (VLA-4, α4β1-integrin)-specific ligand to evaluate the integrin state in real-time on live cells. We show that the binding of the ligand can be rapidly down-modulated in resting cells and after inside-out activation through several Gαi-coupled receptors. Moreover, cell treatment with hemin, a natural source of CO, resulted in comparable VLA-4 ligand dissociation. Inhibition of VLA-4 ligand binding by CO had a dramatic effect on cell-cell interaction in a VLA-4/VCAM-1-dependent cell adhesion system. Conclusions We conclude that the CO signaling pathway can rapidly down-modulate binding of the VLA-4 -specific ligand. We propose that CO-regulated integrin deactivation provides a basis for modulation of immune cell adhesion as well as rapid cell mobilization, for example as shown for splenic monocytes in response to surgically induced ischemia of the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Chigaev
- Department of Pathology and University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque 87131, NM, USA.
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Protective effects of carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-2 on the barrier function of intestinal epithelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104032. [PMID: 25101775 PMCID: PMC4125175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) on barrier function of intestinal epithelial cells. Materials and Methods After pre-incubation with CORM-2 for 1 hour, cultured intestinal epithelial IEC-6 cells were stimulated with 50 µg/ml lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Cytokines levels in culture medium were detected using ELISA kits. Trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TER) of IEC-6 cell monolayers in Transwells were measured with a Millipore electric resistance system (ERS-2; Millipore) and calculated as Ω/cm2 at different time points after LPS treatment. The permeability changes were also measured using FITC-dextran. The levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins (occludin and ZO-1) and myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation were detected using Western blotting with specific antibodies. The subsequent structural changes of TJ were visualized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results CORM-2 significantly reduced LPS-induced secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β. The LPS-induced decrease of TER and increase of permeability to FITC-dextran were inhibited by CORM-2 in a concentration dependent manner (P<0.05). LPS-induced reduction of tight junction proteins and increase of MLC phosphorylation were also attenuated. In LPS-treated cells, TEM showed diminished electron-dense material and interruption of TJ and desmosomes between the apical lateral margins of adjoining cells, which were prevented by CORM-2 treatment. Conclusions The present study demonstrates that CORM-2, as a novel CO-releasing molecule, has ability to protect the barrier function of LPS-stimulated intestinal epithelial cells. Inhibition of inflammatory cytokines release, restoration of TJ proteins and suppression of MLC phosphorylation are among the protective effects of CORM-2.
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