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Skrajnowska D, Idkowiak J, Szterk A, Ofiara K, Augustyniak K, Bobrowska-Korczak B. Effect of Nano- and Microzinc Supplementation on the Mineral Composition of Bones of Rats with Induced Mammary Gland Cancer. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061348. [PMID: 36981273 PMCID: PMC10047967 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine changes in the mineral composition of the bones of rats with chemically induced mammary gland cancer and to attempt to establish whether a specific diet modification involving the inclusion of zinc ions in two forms-nano and micro-will affect the mineral composition of the bones. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the research. The animals were randomly assigned to three experimental groups. All animals were fed a standard diet (Labofeed H), and selected groups additionally received zinc nanoparticles or microparticles in the amount of 4.6 mg/mL. To induce mammary cancer, the animals were given 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene. The content of Ag, As, B, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Tl, U, and V was determined using ICP-MS, while that of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, and Zn was determined using FAAS. RESULTS The use of a diet enriched with zinc nano- or microparticles significantly influenced the content of the elements tested. In the bones of rats fed a diet with zinc nanoparticles, changes were found in the content of Ca, Mg, Zn, Cd, U, V, and Tl, while in the case of the diet supplemented with zinc microparticles, there were differences in six elements-Ca, Mg, B, Cd, Ag, and Pb-compared to animals receiving an unsupplemented diet. CONCLUSIONS The content of elements in the bone tissue of rats in the experimental model indicates disturbances of mineral metabolism in the tissue at an early stage of mammary cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Skrajnowska
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Idkowiak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Arkadiusz Szterk
- Transfer of Science sp. z o. o., Strzygłowska 15, 04-872 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Ofiara
- Transfer of Science sp. z o. o., Strzygłowska 15, 04-872 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Augustyniak
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Bobrowska-Korczak
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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The Localized Ionic Microenvironment in Bone Modelling/Remodelling: A Potential Guide for the Design of Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14020056. [PMID: 36826855 PMCID: PMC9959312 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is capable of adjusting size, shape, and quality to maintain its strength, toughness, and stiffness and to meet different needs of the body through continuous remodeling. The balance of bone homeostasis is orchestrated by interactions among different types of cells (mainly osteoblasts and osteoclasts), extracellular matrix, the surrounding biological milieus, and waste products from cell metabolisms. Inorganic ions liberated into the localized microenvironment during bone matrix degradation not only form apatite crystals as components or enter blood circulation to meet other bodily needs but also alter cellular activities as molecular modulators. The osteoinductive potential of inorganic motifs of bone has been gradually understood since the last century. Still, few have considered the naturally generated ionic microenvironment's biological roles in bone remodeling. It is believed that a better understanding of the naturally balanced ionic microenvironment during bone remodeling can facilitate future biomaterial design for bone tissue engineering in terms of the modulatory roles of the ionic environment in the regenerative process.
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Moretti A, Liguori S, Paoletta M, Migliaccio S, Toro G, Gimigliano F, Iolascon G. Bone fragility during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of macro- and micronutrients. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2023; 15:1759720X231158200. [PMID: 36937822 PMCID: PMC10015293 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x231158200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone fragility is the susceptibility to fracture due to poor bone strength. This condition is usually associated with aging, comorbidities, disability, poor quality of life, and increased mortality. International guidelines for the management of patients with bone fragility include a nutritional approach, mainly aiming at optimal protein, calcium, and vitamin D intakes. Several biomechanical features of the skeleton, such as bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular and cortical microarchitecture, seem to be positively influenced by micro- and macronutrient intake. Patients with major fragility fractures are usually poor consumers of dairy products, fruit, and vegetables as well as of nutrients modulating gut microbiota. The COVID-19 pandemic has further aggravated the health status of patients with skeletal fragility, also in terms of unhealthy dietary patterns that might adversely affect bone health. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of macro- and micronutrients in patients with bone fragility during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties
and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples,
Italy
| | - Marco Paoletta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties
and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples,
Italy
| | - Silvia Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health
Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties
and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples,
Italy
| | - Francesca Gimigliano
- Department of Physical and Mental Health and
Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples,
Italy
| | - Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties
and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples,
Italy
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Vázquez-Lorente H, Molina-López J, Herrera-Quintana L, Gamarra-Morales Y, López-González B, Planells E. Effectiveness of eight-week zinc supplementation on vitamin D 3 status and leptin levels in a population of postmenopausal women: a double-blind randomized trial. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 65:126730. [PMID: 33607357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The menopausal period is characterized by hormonal imbalance related to the alteration of parameters involved in lipid metabolism. In addition, menopause increases the risk of deficiencies of key vitamins and minerals such as vitamin D and zinc in such women. The present study investigates the influence of zinc supplementation on the status of vitamin D3 and other lipid parameters in postmenopausal women. METHODS Fifty-one healthy postmenopausal women aged 44-76 years from the province of Granada (Spain) were divided into two groups (placebo and zinc) of 25 and 26 women, respectively. The zinc group was supplemented with 50 mg/day of zinc for 8 weeks. Nutrient intake assessment was performed by means of a 24 -h reminder. Zinc was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Vitamin D was analyzed by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Leptin was determined by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS Zinc supplementation improved the initial vitamin D3 status of the postmenopausal population (p = 0.049). Plasma levels of 25-OH-D3 increased significantly after Zn supplementation in women with lower age at menopause (p = 0.045). Both intake and plasma zinc levels were inversely correlated to serum leptin levels (p = 0.044 and p = 0.033, respectively), being significantly lower in lower age at menopause (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Zinc supplementation improved vitamin D3 status and was associated to low leptin levels in the postmenopausal women of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Jorge Molina-López
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007, Huelva, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Herrera-Quintana
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Yenifer Gamarra-Morales
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Beatriz López-González
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Elena Planells
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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Wu Z, Yuan Y, Tian J, Long F, Luo W. The associations between serum trace elements and bone mineral density in children under 3 years of age. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1890. [PMID: 33479410 PMCID: PMC7820346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations of age and serum magnesium, iron, lead, copper, and zinc levels with bone mineral density (BMD) in 2412 children under 3 years of age in order to find a tool to monitor BMD in children without the use of expensive imaging techniques. One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests were used to determine the associations of age and serum trace elements with BMD. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to test the correlation of five serum trace elements with BMD after adjustments for potential confounding factors in children under 3 years of age. Significant associations between age and four serum trace elements and BMD were found. Compared to the group with the lowest serum levels detected, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the incidence of normal bone mineral density in the third magnesium concentration tertile, the third iron concentration tertile, the fifth copper concentration quintile, the third zinc concentration quintile, and the fifth zinc concentration quintile were 1.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.67), 1.43 (95% CI 1.11–1.84), 1.42 (95% CI 1.04–1.94), 1.46 (95% CI 1.05–2.04), and 1.48 (95% CI 1.06–2.06), respectively. However, there was no significant correlation between serum lead level and BMD in this study. Age and serum magnesium, iron, copper, and zinc levels are positively associated with BMD in children under 3 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yuhao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jian Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Feng Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Grant D, Tomlinson D, Tsintzas K, Kolic P, Onambele-Pearson G. Displacing Sedentary Behaviour with Light Intensity Physical Activity Spontaneously Alters Habitual Macronutrient Intake and Enhances Dietary Quality in Older Females. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2431. [PMID: 32823599 PMCID: PMC7469014 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Displacing Sedentary Behaviour (SB) with light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is increasingly viewed as a viable means of health enhancement. It is, however, unclear whether any behavioural compensations accompany such an intervention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify any dietary changes that accompany SB displacement. We hypothesised that SB displacement would improve dietary quality. Thirty-five elderly females (73 ± 5 years) were randomly allocated to one of three groups: (1) sedentary behaviour fragmentation (SBF) (n = 14), (2) continuous LIPA (n = 14), or (3) control (n = 7). Habitual diet (four-day food diary) and physical behaviour (accelerometery) were assessed at weeks 0 and 8. Out of 45 nutrients examined, only glucose exhibited a group × time interaction (p = 0.03), mediated by an exclusive reduction following SBF (-31%). SBF was also the sole experimental group to increase nutrients promoting bone health (SBF: 17%, LIPA: -34%. control: 21%), whereas both experimental groups consumed more nutrients promoting anabolism (SBF: 13%, LIPA: 4%, control: -34%) (z-scores). New ambulators (n = 8) also consumed more nutrients promoting bone health (16%)/anabolism (2%) (z-scores), including significantly increased Zinc intake (p = 0.05, 29%). Displacing SB with LIPA improves dietary quality in older females. Furthermore, SB fragmentation appears advantageous for various dietary outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Grant
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (D.T.); (P.K.); (G.O.-P.)
| | - David Tomlinson
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (D.T.); (P.K.); (G.O.-P.)
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
| | - Petra Kolic
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (D.T.); (P.K.); (G.O.-P.)
| | - Gladys Onambele-Pearson
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK; (D.T.); (P.K.); (G.O.-P.)
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7
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Ratajczak AE, Rychter AM, Zawada A, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Nutrients in the Prevention of Osteoporosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1702. [PMID: 32517239 PMCID: PMC7352179 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic character of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, results in various complications. One of them is osteoporosis, manifested by low bone mineral density, which leads to an increased risk of fractures. The aetiology of low bone mineral density is multifactorial and includes both diet and nutritional status. Calcium and vitamin D are the most often discussed nutrients with regard to bone mineral density. Moreover, vitamins A, K, C, B12; folic acid; calcium; phosphorus; magnesium; sodium; zinc; copper; and selenium are also involved in the formation of bone mass. Patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases frequently consume inadequate amounts of the aforementioned minerals and vitamins or their absorption is disturbed, resulting innutritional deficiency and an increased risk of osteoporosis. Thus, nutritional guidelines for inflammatory bowel disease patients should comprise information concerning the prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Ewa Ratajczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.M.R.); (A.Z.); (A.D.)
| | | | | | | | - Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (A.M.R.); (A.Z.); (A.D.)
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Determination of serum bone-related minerals during denosumab treatment in osteoporosis patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Mineral change by denosumab in osteoporosis with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 26:53-56. [PMID: 29908683 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study included 51 osteoporosis patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were treated with anti-resorption drug, denosumab. To date, there has been no report on the changes of bone-related minerals after anti-resorption drug therapy. METHODS Fifty one osteoporotic patients with RA were retrospectively enrolled. Serum Zinc (Zn), Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe), and Copper (Cu) were examined at 1 week, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 months. Lumbar spine (L1-4) bone mineral density (L-BMD), and bilateral total hip BMD (H-BMD) were examined before and at 6 and 12 months after treatment commencement. RESULTS Serum Fe gradually increased except at 4 and 10 months, and significantly increased at 12 months. Serum Mg slightly decreased at 1 week and 1 month, then increased up to 4 months, then gradually decreased to 8 months, then increased thereafter. Serum Zn significantly increased at every time point except at 1 week during the period. Serum Cu increased during the period but slightly decreased at 2, 8, and 12 months. L-BMD as well as H-BMD significantly increased at 12 months (5.1% and 5.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Denosumab might be a good option to improve bone-related minerals in OP patients with RA even without dietary supplement. Serum Fe and Mg values became approximately within normal range after the therapy. On the other hand, serum Zn significantly increased for 12 months, however, the Zn values showed still low status after the treatment. Thus, Zn supplementation and/or nutrition education are basically required for OP patients with RA, even though denosumab increases serum Zn level.
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9
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Gaffney-Stomberg E. The Impact of Trace Minerals on Bone Metabolism. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:26-34. [PMID: 30467628 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1583-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a metabolically active tissue that responds to alterations in dietary intake and nutritional status. It is ~ 35% protein, mostly collagen which provides an organic scaffolding for bone mineral. The mineral is the remaining ~ 65% of bone tissue and composed mostly of calcium and phosphate in a form that is structurally similar to mineral within the apatite group. The skeletal tissue is constantly undergoing turnover through resorption by osteoclasts coupled with formation by osteoblasts. In this regard, the overall bone balance is determined by the relative contribution of each of these processes. In addition to macro minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium which have well-known roles in bone health, trace elements such as boron, iron, zinc, copper, and selenium also impact bone metabolism. Effects of trace elements on skeletal metabolism and tissue properties may be indirect through regulation of macro mineral metabolism, or direct by affecting osteoblast or osteoclast proliferation or activity, or finally through incorporation into the bone mineral matrix. This review focuses on the skeletal impact of the following trace elements: boron, iron, zinc, copper, and selenium, and overviews the state of the evidence for each of these minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Gaffney-Stomberg
- Military Performance Division of the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.
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10
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Suzuki T, Nakamura Y, Kato H. Changes of Bone-Related Minerals during Denosumab Administration in Post-Menopausal Osteoporotic Patients. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080871. [PMID: 28805705 PMCID: PMC5579664 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This retrospective study included 21 patients with primary osteoporosis who were treated with the anti-resorption drug, denosumab. To date, there has been no detailed report on the changes of bone-related minerals after anti-resorption drug therapy. Methods: Twenty-one post-menopausal females were retrospectively enrolled. Serum zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), grip strength, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were examined at one week and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 months. Lumbar spine (L1-4) bone mineral density (L-BMD) and bilateral total hip BMD (H-BMD) were examined before and at 4, 8, and 12 months after treatment commencement. Results: Serum Zn tended to decrease at one week and one month, and tended to increase during 10 to 12 months. Serum Cu maintained during zero to eight months, then decreased at 10 and 12 months. Serum Fe gradually increased after four months. Serum Mg sharply increased at one week, then decreased further. Grip strength increased for two months, then slightly decreased and maintained 4 to 12 months. eGFR almost maintained for zero to eight months, then slightly decreased thereafter. L-BMD values significantly increased at eight (5.8%) (p < 0.01) and 12 months (9.8%) (p < 0.01). H-BMD increased during the period (at 12 months: 3.7%). Conclusions: These results suggest that at later phases of denosumab therapy, Zn and Fe tended to increase while Mg tended to decrease, all of which are important for bone metabolism. Thus, denosumab might improve Zn and Fe metabolism, and thereby likely increase BMD. Since denosumab may not improve Mg, it is better to obtain Mg supplementation during the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa-Inan General Hospital, Akaho 3230, Komagane 399-4117, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
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Zofkova I, Davis M, Blahos J. Trace elements have beneficial, as well as detrimental effects on bone homeostasis. Physiol Res 2017; 66:391-402. [PMID: 28248532 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective role of nutrition factors such as calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K for the integrity of the skeleton is well understood. In addition, integrity of the skeleton is positively influenced by certain trace elements (e.g. zinc, copper, manganese, magnesium, iron, selenium, boron and fluoride) and negatively by others (lead, cadmium, cobalt). Deficiency or excess of these elements influence bone mass and bone quality in adulthood as well as in childhood and adolescence. However, some protective elements may become toxic under certain conditions, depending on dosage (serum concentration), duration of treatment and interactions among individual elements. We review the beneficial and toxic effects of key elements on bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zofkova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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12
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Mahdavi-Roshan M, Ebrahimi M, Ebrahimi A. Copper, magnesium, zinc and calcium status in osteopenic and osteoporotic post-menopausal women. CLINICAL CASES IN MINERAL AND BONE METABOLISM 2015; 12:18-21. [PMID: 26136790 DOI: 10.11138/ccmbm/2015.12.1.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Copper, magnesium, zinc and calcium status were measured in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (n = 23) and osteopenia (n = 28) as classified on the basis of the T-score of the femur neck and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry results. Anthropometric indices, dietary intake and serum copper, magnesium, zinc and calcium were assessed. The results of our study showed that the mean dietary intake of magnesium, zinc and calcium in post-menopausal women with low bone density were significantly lower than recommended dietary allowance. The mean serum levels of zinc (P = 0.001) and copper (P = 0.000) were significantly lower than normal range and 40.4% of this participants had serum magnesium levels lower than normal range. No statistically significant differences were observed between the osteopenic and osteoporotic groups with respect to serum levels and dietary intakes of copper, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Due to the mineral deficiency in post-menopausal women with low bone density and the key role of minerals on bone health, supplementation with magnesium, calcium, zinc and perhaps copper recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliasgar Ebrahimi
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Tabriz, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Meramat A, Rajab NF, Shahar S, Sharif R. Cognitive impairment, genomic instability and trace elements. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 19:48-57. [PMID: 25560816 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are often related to aging and micronutrient deficiencies. Various essential micronutrients in the diet are involved in age-altered biological functions such as, zinc, copper, iron, and selenium that play pivotal roles either in maintaining and reinforcing the antioxidant performances or in affecting the complex network of genes (nutrigenomic approach) involved in encoding proteins for biological functions. Genomic stability is one of the leading causes of cognitive decline and deficiencies or excess in trace elements are two of the factors relating to it. In this review, we report and discuss the role of micronutrients in cognitive impairment in relation to genomic stability in an aging population. Telomere integrity will also be discussed in relation to aging and cognitive impairment, as well as, the micronutrients related to these events. This review will provide an understanding on how these three aspects can relate with each other and why it is important to keep a homeostasis of micronutrients in relation to healthy aging. Micronutrient deficiencies and aging process can lead to genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meramat
- Dr Razinah Sharif, Email address: razinah.fsk.ukm.my, Telephone: +603-9289 7459, Fax number: +60326947621
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Zofková I, Nemcikova P, Matucha P. Trace elements and bone health. Clin Chem Lab Med 2014; 51:1555-61. [PMID: 23509220 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2012-0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The importance of nutrition factors such as calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K for the integrity of the skeleton is well known. Moreover, bone health is positively influenced by certain elements (e.g., zinc, copper, fluorine, manganese, magnesium, iron and boron). Deficiency of these elements slows down the increase of bone mass in childhood and/or in adolescence and accelerates bone loss after menopause or in old age. Deterioration of bone quality increases the risk of fractures. Monitoring of homeostasis of the trace elements together with the measurement of bone density and biochemical markers of bone metabolism should be used to identify and treat patients at risk of non-traumatic fractures. Factors determining the effectivity of supplementation include dose, duration of treatment, serum concentrations, as well as interactions among individual elements. Here, we review the effect of the most important trace elements on the skeleton and evaluate their clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Zofková
- Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
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Dessombz A, Nguyen C, Ea HK, Rouzière S, Foy E, Hannouche D, Réguer S, Picca FE, Thiaudière D, Lioté F, Daudon M, Bazin D. Combining μX-ray fluorescence, μXANES and μXRD to shed light on Zn2+ cations in cartilage and meniscus calcifications. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2013; 27:326-33. [PMID: 23582484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the presence of Zn, a trace element, in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage and meniscus from patients undergoing total knee joint replacement for primary OA. We mapped Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) at the mesoscopic scale by X-ray fluorescence microanalysis (μX-ray) to determine the spatial distribution of the 2 elements in cartilage, μX-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy to identify the Zn species, and μX-ray diffraction to determine the chemical nature of the calcification. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the chemical composition of cartilage and meniscus. Ca(2+) showed a heterogeneous spatial distribution corresponding to the calcifications within cartilage (or meniscus) or at their surface. At least 2 Zn(2+) species were present: the first may correspond to Zn embedded in protein (different Zn metalloproteins are known to prevent calcification in biological tissues), and the second may be associated with a Zn trap in or at the surface of the calcification. Calcification present in OA cartilage may significantly modify the spatial distribution of Zn; part of the Zn may be trapped in the calcification and may alter the associated biological function of Zn metalloproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Dessombz
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502, Paris Sud University, Orsay, France
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Yamaguchi M. Role of nutritional zinc in the prevention of osteoporosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 338:241-54. [PMID: 20035439 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is known as an essential nutritional factor in the growth of the human and animals. Bone growth retardation is a common finding in various conditions associated with dietary zinc deficiency. Bone zinc content has been shown to decrease in aging, skeletal unloading, and postmenopausal conditions, suggesting its role in bone disorder. Zinc has been demonstrated to have a stimulatory effect on osteoblastic bone formation and mineralization; the metal directly activates aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, a rate-limiting enzyme at translational process of protein synthesis, in the cells, and it stimulates cellular protein synthesis. Zinc has been shown to stimulate gene expression of the transcription factors runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) that is related to differentiation into osteoblastic cells. Moreover, zinc has been shown to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption due to inhibiting osteoclast-like cell formation from bone marrow cells and stimulating apoptotic cell death of mature osteoclasts. Zinc has a suppressive effect on the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. Zinc transporter has been shown to express in osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells. Zinc protein is involved in transcription. The intake of dietary zinc causes an increase in bone mass. beta-Alanyl-L: -histidinato zinc (AHZ) is a zinc compound, in which zinc is chelated to beta-alanyl-L: -histidine. The stimulatory effect of AHZ on bone formation is more intensive than that of zinc sulfate. Zinc acexamate has also been shown to have a potent-anabolic effect on bone. The oral administration of AHZ or zinc acexamate has the restorative effect on bone loss under various pathophysiologic conditions including aging, skeletal unloading, aluminum bone toxicity, calcium- and vitamin D-deficiency, adjuvant arthritis, estrogen deficiency, diabetes, and fracture healing. Zinc compounds may be designed as new supplementation factor in the prevention and therapy of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322-0001, USA.
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Sfar S, Jawed A, Braham H, Amor S, Laporte F, Kerkeni A. Zinc, copper and antioxidant enzyme activities in healthy elderly Tunisian subjects. Exp Gerontol 2009; 44:812-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2009.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2009] [Revised: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Maser RE, Stabley JN, Lenhard MJ, Owusu-Griffin P, Provost-Craig MA, Farquhar WB. Zinc intake and biochemical markers of bone turnover in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008; 31:2279-80. [PMID: 18809628 PMCID: PMC2584180 DOI: 10.2337/dc08-1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between Zn nutritive status and biochemical markers of bone turnover in type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Serum osteocalcin, urine N-telopeptides, and dietary intake data, obtained by 3-day food records, were assessed for 66 individuals with type 1 diabetes. RESULTS Zn intake correlated with osteocalcin in the group overall (r = 0.48; P < 0.001) but not with N-telopeptides. Examined by sex, both Zn and osteocalcin correlated for men (r = 0.57; P < 0.001), but the correlation did not reach statistical significance for women (r = 0.34; P = 0.09). A direct-entry linear regression model with osteocalcin as the dependent variable was performed. Duration, sex, A1C, insulin use per kilogram, total calorie intake, and Zn intake were entered as potential independent variables. The model was statistically significant (R(2) = 0.32; P < 0.01). Zn intake (P < 0.001), however, was the only independent correlate of osteocalcin. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of a positive relationship between Zn intake and osteocalcin in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raelene E Maser
- Department of Medical Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
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Oldewage-Theron WH, Samuel FO, Venter CS. Zinc deficiency among the elderly attending a care centre in Sharpeville, South Africa. J Hum Nutr Diet 2008; 21:566-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2008.00914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Effect of zinc supplementation on protein metabolism in late–middle-aged men: The Zenith study. Nutrition 2008; 24:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Fairweather-Tait SJ, Harvey LJ, Ford D. Does ageing affect zinc homeostasis and dietary requirements? Exp Gerontol 2007; 43:382-8. [PMID: 18079083 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2007.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Revised: 10/25/2007] [Accepted: 10/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Dietary intakes of zinc are lower in the elderly because of reduced energy requirements, and it is not clear whether ageing impacts on adaptive homeostatic mechanisms, namely absorptive efficiency and endogenous losses in the GI tract. Physiological requirements for zinc are unlikely to change significantly, but there are several attributes of ageing that may affect aspects of zinc metabolism (e.g. changes in gut structure and function, disease states, chronic inflammation, epigenetic changes in genes that express zinc-related proteins and drug regimens) that are worthy of further investigation. There is, as yet, no information on the effects of ageing on zinc transporters, and there are no sensitive and specific measures of zinc status, therefore dietary recommendations for zinc have been derived from factorial calculations using information on zinc absorption and loss, and estimates of dietary bioavailability.
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Hotz C, McClafferty B. From harvest to health: challenges for developing biofortified staple foods and determining their impact on micronutrient status. Food Nutr Bull 2007; 28:S271-9. [PMID: 17658073 DOI: 10.1177/15648265070282s206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of conventional breeding techniques and biotechnology to improve the micronutrient quality of staple crops is a new strategy to address micronutrient deficiencies in developing countries. This strategy, referred to as "biofortification," is being developed and implemented through the international alliance of HarvestPlus to improve iron, zinc, and vitamin A status in low-income populations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to review the challenges faced by nutritionists to determine and demonstrate the ability of biofortified crops to have an impact on the nutritional and health status of target populations. METHODS We reviewed available published and unpublished information that is needed to design and evaluate this strategy, including issues related to micronutrient retention in staple foods, micronutrient bioavailability from plant foods, and evidence for the efficacy of high-micronutrient-content staple foods to improve micronutrient status. RESULTS Further information is needed on the retention of micronutrients in staple foods, in particular of provitamin A carotenoids, when stored and prepared under different conditions. The low bioavailability of iron from staple foods and the ability to demonstrate an impact on zinc status are specific challenges that need to be addressed. In target countries, infections and other micronutrient deficiencies may confound the ability to affect micronutrient status, and this must be taken into account in community-based studies. CONCLUSIONS Information to date suggests that biofortification has the potential to contribute to increased micronutrient intakes and improved micronutrient status. The success of this strategy will require the collaboration between health and agriculture sectors.
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Lytras A, Tolis G. Assessment of endocrine and nutritional status in age-related catabolic states of muscle and bone. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2007; 10:604-10. [PMID: 17693744 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0b013e3282cfa32f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bone loss and muscle wasting are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly, most frequently as a result of fractures associated with poor neuromuscular conditioning leading to accidental falls. This paper reviews data that link pathways of the immune and endocrine systems with bone and muscle pathophysiology, as well as data on the impact of nutrition and physical activity on these systems. RECENT FINDINGS The growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I axis and deficiencies in sex steroid hormones in aging appear linked with changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune function, accompanied by increased activity of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha axis. This is associated with activation of the RANK/RANKL/osteoprotegerin pathway and insulin resistance, affecting muscle and bone physiology. Vitamin D deficiency contributes to bone loss and muscle wasting, whereas other nutritional defects such as zinc or magnesium deficiencies may further complicate these catabolic states. SUMMARY As nutritional deficiencies responsible for bone and muscle derangement are correctable factors, careful nutritional assessment, in addition to evaluation of endocrine and immune status, may provide clinically important information allowing successful management of elderly patients in danger of neuromuscular dysfunction, accidental falls and bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristides Lytras
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hippokrateion General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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Hodkinson CF, Kelly M, Alexander HD, Bradbury I, Robson PJ, Bonham MP, O'Connor JM, Coudray C, Strain JJ, Wallace JMW. Effect of Zinc Supplementation on the Immune Status of Healthy Older Individuals Aged 55-70 Years: The ZENITH Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007; 62:598-608. [PMID: 17595415 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/62.6.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with alterations in the immune system, effects which may be exacerbated by inadequate zinc (Zn) status. We examined the relationship between Zn status and markers of immunity and the effect of supplementation with 15 mg or 30 mg Zn/d for 6 months on immune status in healthy individuals. Zn status was assessed by dietary intake and biochemical indices. Immune status was assessed by multiple flow cytometric methods. At baseline, Zn concentration was positively associated with lymphocyte subpopulation counts and T-lymphocyte activation. Zn supplementation of 30 mg/d significantly lowered B-lymphocyte count, albeit at month 3 only. Lower doses of Zn (15 mg Zn/d) significantly increased the ratio of CD4 to CD8 T lymphocytes at month 6. Overall, these findings suggest that total Zn intake (diet plus supplementation) of up to 40 mg Zn/d do not have significant long-term effects on immune status in apparently healthy persons aged 55-70 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare F Hodkinson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
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Feillet-Coudray C, Meunier N, Bayle D, Brandolini-Bunlon M, Andriollo-Sanchez M, O'Connor JM, Maiani G, Roussel AM, Mazur A, Coudray C. Effect of zinc supplementation on in vitro copper-induced oxidation of low-density lipoproteins in healthy French subjects aged 55–70 years:the Zenith Study. Br J Nutr 2007; 95:1134-42. [PMID: 16768836 DOI: 10.1079/bjn20061762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Zn has been shown to possess antioxidant properties in vitro and in vitro. As inadequate dietary Zn intake has been reported in these populations, Zn supplementation may protect against oxidative stress and thereby limit the progression of degenerative diseases in such populations. We conducted the present study to evaluate the long-term supplementation effects of two moderate doses of Zn on in vitro Cu-induced LDL oxidation in French men and women.Three groups of sixteen healthy subjects aged 55–70 years from each sex participated in this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Each group received for six months either 0, 15 or 30mg supplemental Zn per d. At the beginning and at the end of the supplementation periods, dietary intakes of Zn, Cu, Fe and vitamin E were estimated using 4d food-intake records (including the weekend) and the GENI program. Zn, Cu, Fe and vitamin E statuswere also determined. In vitro LDL oxidizability (basal conjugated diene level, maximal conjugated diene formation and lag time) and lipid parameters were also determined. Dietary intakes of Zn, Cu, Fe and vitamin E were adequate in this population. Zn supplementation significantly increased serum Zn levels but did not significantly modify Cu, Fe or vitamin E status. However, Zn supplementation had no effect on in vitro LDL oxidation parameters, nor were there any sex-related differences in in vitro LDL oxidizability. The present study showed that long-term Zn supplementation of healthy subjects aged 55–70 years had no effect on in vitro Cu-induced LDL oxidation under the study conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Feillet-Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA Clermont/Theix, France.
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Kogirima M, Kurasawa R, Kubori S, Sarukura N, Nakamori M, Okada S, Kamioka H, Yamamoto S. Ratio of low serum zinc levels in elderly Japanese people living in the central part of Japan. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 61:375-81. [PMID: 16969379 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elderly patients often have impaired taste, nausea, anorexia and delayed healing of decubitus. In many of these patients, serum zinc levels are low and they respond to zinc supplementation. To date, no epidemics of zinc deficiency have been reported in Japan. We studied the prevalence of zinc deficiency and its causative factors in a typical local town in Japan. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Nagano Prefecture (central Japan). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Serum zinc levels were measured in 1009 habitants (18-96 years old) who participated in an annual mass health examination program of the City in 2003. Of all subjects, 86 with low serum zinc (<65 microg/dl) or high zinc (> or =90 microg/dl) levels were randomly selected, and a dietary survey using 24-h recalling methods for 2 consecutive days was performed in 2004. Among them, blood was collected in the morning from 50 subjects (26-94 years old). RESULTS The percentage of those with low serum zinc levels (2.5th percentile of Americans) was 37.9% in the elderly (> or =60 years old). The age-adjusted prevalence of low serum zinc was 21.1% in the aged population. A positive correlation was detected between zinc intake and serum zinc levels in elderly subjects (> or =60 years old). CONCLUSIONS The possibility of zinc deficiency in adult inhabitants in central Japan rises with age. The deficiency correlates with dietary zinc intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kogirima
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Doshisha Women's College, Kyoto, Japan.
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Coudray C, O'Connor JM, Maiani G, Cashman KD, Simpson EEA, Secker DL, Ferry M, Roussel AM. Introduction to the ZENITH study and summary of baseline results. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S5-7. [PMID: 16254582 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is known to be essential for a great number of biochemical activities and physiological and cognitive functions. The objective of Zenith study was to investigate the effects of Zn, as a nutritional supplement, on psychological and behavioural factors and on surrogate markers that are indicative of trends towards better health in order to evaluate the need for dietary recommendations specific to the studied population. We report in this paper the summary of baseline results obtained before Zn supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micro-nutriments, INRA de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint Genès Champanelle, France.
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Meunier N, Feillet-Coudray C, Rambeau M, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Brandolini-Bunlon M, Coulter SJ, Cashman KD, Mazur A, Coudray C. Impact of micronutrient dietary intake and status on intestinal zinc absorption in late middle-aged men: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S48-52. [PMID: 16254581 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjustments in intestinal absorption and losses of zinc (Zn) are thought to maintain Zn homeostasis when dietary intake levels are altered. Zn status may also influence efficiency of intestinal Zn absorption. OBJECTIVES To determine the impact of dietary intake and status of some micronutrients on Zn absorption in late middle-aged men. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Dietary intake and status of Zn, Cu, Fe, vitamin A, C and fibre, and absorption of Zn were measured in 48 men, aged 58-68 y, confined to a metabolic unit and consuming a typical French diet. Dietary intake was estimated using 4-day food-intake records (including the weekend) and the GENI program. To assess Zn status, serum, erythrocyte, urine Zn levels and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were determined. Zn absorption was determined using the isotope double-labelling method. Zn stable isotopic ratios were measured in plasma samples collected before and 48 h after isotope administration using ICP/MS. RESULTS Zn intake within the group of men varied from 5.7 to 20.5 mg/day and averaged 12.9 mg/day. Serum Zn level varied from 10 to 18 micromol/l and averaged 12.9 micromol/l. Zn absorption varied from 12 to 46% and averaged 29.7%. Zn absorption was not significantly (P > 0.05) correlated with Zn intake or with any of the Zn status parameters. Zn absorption was only slightly negatively correlated with serum and erythrocyte Zn levels and with serum Fe and ferritin levels in this study. CONCLUSION Zn dietary intake and Zn absorption were satisfactory and led to an adequate Zn status in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Meunier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micro-nutriments, I.N.R.A., Theix, St Genès Champanelle, France
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