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Vidé J, Bonafos B, Fouret G, Jouy N, Coudray C, Gaillet S, Feillet-Coudray C. Effets de la spiruline enrichie en silicium sur les composantes majeures du syndrome métabolique chez le rat Zucker obèse. NUTR CLIN METAB 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2019.01.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Coudray C, Boucher F, Hida H, Tirard V, de Leiris J, Favier A. Selenium supplementation decreases the pro-oxidant and cardiotoxicity effects of adriamycin in the rat. Redox Rep 2016; 2:323-32. [DOI: 10.1080/13510002.1996.11747068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Chabi B, Pauly M, Carillon J, Carnac G, Favier FB, Fouret G, Bonafos B, Vanterpool F, Vernus B, Coudray C, Feillet-Coudray C, Bonnieu A, Lacan D, Koechlin-Ramonatxo C. Protective effect of myostatin gene deletion on aging-related muscle metabolic decline. Exp Gerontol 2016; 78:23-31. [PMID: 26944368 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
While myostatin gene deletion is a promising therapy to fight muscle loss during aging, this approach induces also skeletal muscle metabolic changes such as mitochondrial deficits, redox alteration and increased fatigability. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of aging on these features in aged wild-type (WT) and mstn knockout (KO) mice. Moreover, to determine whether an enriched-antioxidant diet may be useful to prevent age-related disorders, we orally administered to the two genotypes a melon concentrate rich in superoxide dismutase for 12 weeks. We reported that mitochondrial functional abnormalities persisted (decreased state 3 and 4 of respiration; p<0.05) in skeletal muscle from aged KO mice; however, differences with WT mice were attenuated at old age in line with reduced difference on running endurance between the two genotypes. Interestingly, we showed an increase in glutathione levels, associated with lower lipid peroxidation levels in KO muscle. Enriched antioxidant diet reduced the aging-related negative effects on maximal aerobic velocity and running limit time (p<0.05) in both groups, with systemic adaptations on body weight. The redox status and the hypertrophic phenotype appeared to be beneficial to KO mice, mitigating the effect of aging on the skeletal muscle metabolic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chabi
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - M Pauly
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | | | - G Carnac
- Inserm U1046, Université ́ Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - F B Favier
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - G Fouret
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - B Bonafos
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - F Vanterpool
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - B Vernus
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - C Coudray
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - C Feillet-Coudray
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - A Bonnieu
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - D Lacan
- Bionov Sarl, Avignon, France
| | - C Koechlin-Ramonatxo
- INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France.
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Hokayem M, Lambert K, Brun JF, Fedou C, Blond E, Coudray C, Cristol JP, Dupuy AM, Laville M, Avignon A. O06 L’augmentation de la glycémie s’accompagne d’une adaptation de la fonction mitochondriale dans une population apparentée au 1er degré à des diabétiques de type 2. NUTR CLIN METAB 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(11)70010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Martin L, Brocard C, Coudray C, Pavlovitch JM. Étude rétrospective de l’évolution des profils nutritionnels, inflammatoires et bactériologiques des patients atteints de tumeur des voies aéro digestives inopérable au cours des chimioradiothérapies séquentielles ou concomitantes. Cancer Radiother 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.07.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Coudray C, Richard MJ, Laporte F, Faure P, Roussel AM, Favier A. Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Zinc Status: a Study in Animals and Man. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/13590849208997956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Feillet-Coudray C, Sutra T, Fouret G, Ramos J, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Cabello G, Cristol JP, Coudray C. Oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet and preventive effect of polyphenols: Involvement of mitochondrial and NAD(P)H oxidase systems. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 46:624-32. [PMID: 19135522 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Revised: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial and NADPH oxidase systems and oxidative stress were investigated in 12 week high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet-fed rats. A protective effect of wine polyphenol (PP) extract was also examined. In liver, maximal activities of CII and CII+III mitochondrial complexes were decreased but NADPH oxidase expression (p22(phox) and p47(phox)) and NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide anion production were not modified, whereas oxidative stress (lipid and protein oxidation products and antioxidant systems) was increased with HFHS diet. In muscle, anion superoxide production was slightly increased while mitochondrial complex activities and lipid and protein oxidation products were not modified with HFHS diet. In heart, NADPH oxidase expression and superoxide anion production were increased, and maximal activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes or oxidative stress parameters were not modified. Wine polyphenol extract had an inhibiting effect on liver oxidative stress and on heart NADPH oxidase expression and superoxide anion production, and on induction of hepatic steatosis with HFHS diet. Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction could be a primary event in the development of oxidative stress in liver, while in skeletal muscle and in heart the NADPH oxidase system seems to be mainly involved in oxidative stress. Wine polyphenol extract was shown to partially prevent oxidative stress in liver and heart tissues and to nearly completely prevent steatosis development in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feillet-Coudray
- INRA UMR, Unité Différentiation Cellulaire et Croissance, Montpellier, France.
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Coudray C, Olivieri A, Achilli A, Pala M, Melhaoui M, Cherkaoui M, El-Chennawi F, Kossmann M, Torroni A, Dugoujon JM. The complex and diversified mitochondrial gene pool of Berber populations. Ann Hum Genet 2008; 73:196-214. [PMID: 19053990 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2008.00493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA variation of 295 Berber-speakers from Morocco (Asni, Bouhria and Figuig) and the Egyptian oasis of Siwa was evaluated by sequencing a portion of the control region (including HVS-I and part of HVS-II) and surveying haplogroup-specific coding region markers. Our findings show that the Berber mitochondrial pool is characterized by an overall high frequency of Western Eurasian haplogroups, a somehow lower frequency of sub-Saharan L lineages, and a significant (but differential) presence of North African haplogroups U6 and M1, thus occupying an intermediate position between European and sub-Saharan populations in PCA analysis. A clear and significant genetic differentiation between the Berbers from Maghreb and Egyptian Berbers was also observed. The first are related to European populations as shown by haplogroup H1 and V frequencies, whereas the latter share more affinities with East African and Nile Valley populations as indicated by the high frequency of M1 and the presence of L0a1, L3i, L4*, and L4b2 lineages. Moreover, haplogroup U6 was not observed in Siwa. We conclude that the origins and maternal diversity of Berber populations are old and complex, and these communities bear genetic characteristics resulting from various events of gene flow with surrounding and migrating populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Laboratoire d'Anthropobiologie, CNRS FRE2960, Université Paul Sabatier, 37 allées Jules Guesde, Toulouse, France.
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Arrivé L, Coudray C, Azizi L, Lewin M, Hoeffel C, Monnier-Cholley L, Lacombe C, Vautier S, Poupon J, Tubiana JM. [Pineapple juice as a negative oral contrast agent in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 88:1689-94. [PMID: 18065928 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(07)74047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The quality of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) images is frequently degraded by high signal from the gastrointestinal tract on heavily T2W images. The purpose of this study is to evaluate pineapple juice (PJ) as an oral negative contrast agent in MRCP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Results from MRCP in 50 patients with PJ and 50 patients with paramagnetic contrast (ferumoxsil-Lumirem) were compared. Reviewers were blinded to the type of contrast agent. Exam quality was recorded with regards to signal suppression in the stomach, duodenum and proximal small bowel and with regards to pancreatic duct and biliary ducts visualization. In vitro, the signal characteristics of several commercially available brands of PJ were assessed using T1W, T2W and MRCP sequences. Signal intensity was correlated with the manganese concentration measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. Finally, the reviewers compared the taste of PJ and ferumoxsil. RESULTS On MRCP sequences, results were similar with regards to signal suppression in the stomach, duodenum and proximal small bowel with PJ and ferumoxsil. Visualization of the pancreatic duct, intrahgepatic bile ducts and CBD was similar with PJ and ferumoxsil. The signal intensity of commercially available brands of PJ on T2W and MRCP sequences correlated well with the measured manganese concentration on spectroscopy. Variations in manganese concentration were observed, with values ranging from 3.65 to 27.24 mg/L. The reviewers noted that PJ tasted "good" or "very good" and that ferumoxsil tasted "bad" or "very bad". CONCLUSION Ingestion of PJ provides effective signal suppression in the GI tract on MRCP, similar to paramagnetic contrast agents. Because manganese concentration is highly variable in commercially available PJ brands, a brand with high manganese concentration should be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Arrivé
- Service de radiologie, Assistance-Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184, rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris.
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Intorre F, Polito A, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Azzini E, Raguzzini A, Toti E, Zaccaria M, Catasta G, Meunier N, Ducros V, O'Connor JM, Coudray C, Roussel AM, Maiani G. Effect of zinc supplementation on vitamin status of middle-aged and older European adults: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007; 62:1215-23. [PMID: 17622255 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of zinc supplementation on vitamin status in middle-aged and older volunteers. SUBJECTS/METHODS Three hundred and eighty-seven healthy middle-aged (55-70 years) and older (70-85 years) men and women, randomly allocated to three groups to receive 15 or 30 mg Zn/day or placebo for 6 months. Dietary intake was assessed by means of a validated 4-day recall record. Fasting blood samples were simultaneously analysed for levels of plasma retinol and alpha-tocopherol by high-performance liquid chromatography. Erythrocyte folates were measured by a competitive immunoassay with direct chemiluminescence detection on an automatized immunoanalyser. Biochemical measurements were performed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of zinc supplementation. RESULTS Plasma vitamin A levels were significantly increased proportionally with zinc dose and period of treatment, particularly at 6 months (for 15 mg Zn/day, P<0.05; for 30 mg Zn/day, P<0.0001); no significant changes were observed in the placebo group. There was no effect of zinc supplementation on vitamin E/cholesterol ratio and erythrocyte folates. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that a long-term zinc supplementation increases plasma vitamin A levels in middle-aged and older people of similar characteristics to those involved in this study. Moreover, supplementation influences serum zinc levels but does not affect erythrocyte zinc concentration and both plasma vitamin E and erythrocyte folate status.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Intorre
- Human Nutrition Unit, National Institute for Research on Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, Rome, Italy.
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Intorre F, Maiani G, Cuzzolaro M, Simpson EEA, Catasta G, Ciarapica D, Mauro B, Toti E, Zaccaria M, Coudray C, Corelli S, Palomba L, Polito A. Descriptive data on lifestyle, anthropometric status and mental health in italian elderly people. J Nutr Health Aging 2007; 11:165-74. [PMID: 17435958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to provide descriptive information on anthropometric status, pathological conditions, cognitive impairment and lifestyle in apparently healthy elderly Italian people. DESIGN, SETTING AND SUBJECTS In order to recruit the volunteers for the ZENITH study, 359 Italian participants (167 men and 192 women), aged between 70 and 85 years, free living in Rome, were selected. Volunteers underwent a full clinical examination, anthropometric measurements (height, weight), a lifestyle questionnaire and mental health assessment (cognitive impairment and depression). RESULTS The prevalence of overweight and obesity was high (57% and 22% in men; 43% and 27% in women). Obesity was associated with low socio-economic profile in about 40% of participants. Although the sample was selected by family doctors and was apparently healthy, after medical screening the presence of several pathologies, particularly diabetes in 21% of participants was observed. There was a low prevalence of cognitive impairment in 4% of men and 7% of women and possible depression in 9% of men and 19% of women. The lifestyle questionnaire showed that most of their time was spent in light activities such as reading, watching TV or playing cards and significant differences between sex and BMI categories were observed (P=0.000). CONCLUSION The results confirm the increasingly sedentary lifestyle of modern populations and demonstrate the need for sensitive and individualised strategies to design appropriate health promotion and disease prevention programs for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Intorre
- National Institute for Research on Food and Nutrition, Human Nutrition Unit, Rome, Italy.
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Ruivard M, Feillet-Coudray C, Rambeau M, Gerbaud L, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y, Philippe P, Coudray C. Effect of daily versus twice weekly long-term iron supplementation on iron absorption and status in iron-deficient women: A stable isotope study. Clin Biochem 2006; 39:700-7. [PMID: 16603147 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2005] [Revised: 01/09/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This work aims at studying the effect of daily versus twice weekly long-term Fe supplementation on Fe absorption and status in Fe-deficient women. DESIGN AND METHODS The study design is a randomized controlled open study carried out in the Internal Medicine Department, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France. Twenty-four young women participated in this study and were randomized into two groups: Group 1 received 50 mg Fe daily, and group 2 received 50 mg Fe twice weekly for 3 months. On day 10 (D10) and on day 90 (D90) of Fe supplementation, blood samples were obtained, and women received orally about 5 mg of 57Fe, and blood was sampled at different times over 24 h. The 57Fe absorption was evaluated by calculating the areas under the curves (AUC). Fe and oxidative stress status were also assessed. RESULTS 57Fe absorption was similar in both groups on D10 but was greatly decreased in Group 1 and remained high in Group 2 on D90. Fe status was more improved in Group 1 than in Group 2. Oxidative stress status remained statistically unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that daily Fe supplementation is able to correct an Fe deficiency much more than twice weekly Fe supplementation in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ruivard
- Médecine Interne, Hôtel Dieu, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Meunier N, O'Connor JM, Maiani G, Cashman KD, Secker DL, Ferry M, Roussel AM, Coudray C. Importance of zinc in the elderly: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S1-4. [PMID: 16254574 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The elderly are at nutritional risk as a result of multiple physiological, social, psychological, and economic factors. Physiological functions naturally decline with age, which may influence absorption and metabolism. Social and economic conditions can adversely affect dietary choices and eating patterns. However, at the same time, the nutrient needs of the elderly for certain nutrient (such as vitamins, minerals, proteins) is higher than for younger adults. This article reviews the importance of zinc (Zn) in elderly people, particularly for behavioural and mental function, micronutrient status, immune and antioxidant system, and bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Meunier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, Centre de Recherche INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint Genès Champanelle, France.
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Polito A, Intorre F, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Azzini E, Raguzzini A, Meunier N, Ducros V, O'Connor JM, Coudray C, Roussel AM, Maiani G. Estimation of intake and status of vitamin A, vitamin E and folate in older European adults: the ZENITH. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S42-7. [PMID: 16254580 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report selected dietary intake and vitamin status at baseline of volunteers participating in the ZENITH study and the correlation of vitamin status with zinc. DESIGN A multicentre prospective intervention study employing a randomised double-blind design. SETTING Clermont-Ferrand, Theix (France), Coleraine (Northern Ireland), Grenoble (France), Rome (Italy). PARTICIPANTS In total, 387 healthy middle-aged (55-70 y) and older (70-87 y) men and women participated in the study. METHODS Dietary intake was assessed by means of a validated 4-d recall record. Fasting blood samples were simultaneously analysed for retinol and alpha-tocopherol by the HLPC method. Erythrocyte folates were measured by a competitive immunoassay with direct chemiluminescence detection on an automatised immunoanalyser. RESULTS In all centres, men had a significantly (P < 0.0001) higher mean nutrient intake than women. Comparison between age-groups showed that older individuals had significantly lower intakes of macro- and selected micronutrients than middle-aged subjects (P < 0.0001). A high fat intake (from 36 to 40% of total energy) was observed in all examined groups. In relation to biochemical measures of vitamin status, all parameters were above their respective cut-off values for normality and, thus, none of the subjects had biochemical evidence of deficiency of these selected vitamins. A moderate correlation was found with plasma vitamin A and serum zinc (r = 0.12, P < 0.05) or red blood cell zinc (r = 0.12, P < 0.01) and with erythrocyte folates and red blood cell zinc (r = 0.11, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There were only moderate differences in the nutrient intake of the ZENITH study volunteers among the four European centres. Their biochemical status for retinol, alpha-tocopherol and folate appeared adequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Polito
- National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Human Nutrition Unit, Rome, Italy.
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Finamore A, Devirgiliis C, Panno D, D'Aquino M, Polito A, Venneria E, Raguzzini A, Coudray C, Mengheri E. Immune response in relation to zinc status, sex and antioxidant defence in Italian elderly population: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S68-72. [PMID: 16254586 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of some immune markers in Italian elderly population in relation to zinc status, gender and antioxidant defence. DESIGN Observational study. SETTING Italian population. SUBJECTS Apparently healthy, free-living subjects, 56 men and 52 women, aged 70-85 y, enrolled in Italy. METHODS Lymphocytes were unstimulated or stimulated with the mitogen phytohemoagglutinin (PHA). The proliferative capacity was measured as incorporation of [3H]-thymidine and reported as stimulation index (SI). Cytokine secretion by lymphocytes was determined by ELISA. The antioxidant enzyme activities were measured using commercial kits. RESULTS Dietary zinc intake, as well as zinc in serum, red blood cells and urine were on the normal range of values and did not show any difference between men and women. The proliferative response showed a high variability without significant differences between men and women. The amount of secreted pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was similar in men and women. No differences were found in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in lymphocytes, namely superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, between men and women. An association between SI and serum zinc level in men was found. SI resulted negatively correlated with interleukin (IL)-1beta (R2 = 0.036 and P = 0.012) and IL-10 (R2 = 0.34 and P = 0.040) only in men. IL-10 of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes was negatively correlated with red blood zinc in men (R2 = 0.41 and P = 0.008), while IL-10 of unstimulated and PHA-stimulated lymphocytes were negatively correlated with serum zinc in women (R2 = 0.38 and P = 0.020; R2 = 0.31 and P = 0.040, respectively). No correlation was observed between immune markers and antioxidant enzyme activities. CONCLUSIONS Only weak differences on immune response between men and women were observed. However, zinc status appears to have more influence on the ability of lymphocytes to proliferate in men than in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Finamore
- National Research Insitute on Food and Nutrition (INRAN), Rome, Italy
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Coudray C, O'Connor JM, Maiani G, Cashman KD, Simpson EEA, Secker DL, Ferry M, Roussel AM. Introduction to the ZENITH study and summary of baseline results. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S5-7. [PMID: 16254582 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is known to be essential for a great number of biochemical activities and physiological and cognitive functions. The objective of Zenith study was to investigate the effects of Zn, as a nutritional supplement, on psychological and behavioural factors and on surrogate markers that are indicative of trends towards better health in order to evaluate the need for dietary recommendations specific to the studied population. We report in this paper the summary of baseline results obtained before Zn supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micro-nutriments, INRA de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint Genès Champanelle, France.
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Hodkinson CF, Kelly M, Coudray C, Gilmore WS, Hannigan BM, O'Connor JM, Strain JJ, Wallace JMW. Zinc status and age-related changes in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in healthy men and women aged 55-70 y: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S63-7. [PMID: 16254585 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine zinc status and age-related changes in the immune function of healthy late-middle-aged men and women (aged 55-70 y). DESIGN Observational study. SETTING Population of Northern Ireland. SUBJECTS Apparently healthy, free-living individuals (45 men, 48 women) aged 55-70 y. INTERVENTION Zinc status markers were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and commercially available kits. Immune function was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Serum and erythrocyte zinc concentrations were 13.0 (s.d. 1.40) micromol/l and 222 (s.d. 48.2) micromol/l, respectively. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations were 76.8 (s.d. 16.1) U/l; women showed significantly higher concentrations of ALP (P = 0.011). Women demonstrated (1) a significant inverse correlation in naive T lymphocytes, specifically naive T-helper lymphocytes (% expression, r = -0.364, P = 0.007 and absolute count, r = -0.275, P = 0.036) with age and (2) a significant positive correlation between late activation of T lymphocytes (% expression, r = 0.299, P = 0.019 and absolute count, r = 0.260, P = 0.039) with advancing age. Men demonstrated a significant positive correlation in the % expression of (CD3-/CD16+/CD56+) natural killer (NK) cells with age (r = 0.316, P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Between the ages of 55 and 70 y, healthy individuals experience significant alterations in immune function; however, such changes appear largely sex specific. Given the reported importance of adequate zinc status in maintaining optimal immune function, further studies are required to explore the effect of enhanced zinc status on emerging immune deficiencies in cell-mediated immunity in healthy 55-70 y olds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Hodkinson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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Simpson EEA, Maylor EA, Rae G, Meunier N, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Catasta G, McConville C, Ferry M, Polito A, Stewart-Knox BJ, Secker DL, Coudray C. Cognitive function in healthy older European adults: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S26-30. [PMID: 16254577 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Baseline data are reported from a study of the effects of zinc supplementation on cognitive function in older adults as assessed by the CANTAB computerised test battery. DESIGN This is a multicentre prospective intervention study employing a randomised double-blind design. SETTING European community-based study. PARTICIPANTS There are 387 healthy adults aged 55-87 y from centres in France, Italy and Northern Ireland. INTERVENTIONS Measures of visual memory, working memory and attention were obtained at baseline (prior to supplementation). RESULTS Younger adults (<70 y) performed significantly better than older adults (>70 y) on all tests, with minimal differences between centres. In addition, men outperformed women on tests of spatial span, pattern recognition memory and reaction times, although these gender differences varied somewhat between centres. CONCLUSIONS The results are generally consistent with previous age- and gender-related effects on cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E A Simpson
- School of Psychology/NICHE University of Ulster, Northern Ireland, UK.
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19
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Meunier N, Beattie JH, Ciarapica D, O'Connor JM, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Taras A, Coudray C, Polito A. Basal metabolic rate and thyroid hormones of late-middle-aged and older human subjects: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 59 Suppl 2:S53-7. [PMID: 16254583 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper describes baseline data on basal metabolic rate (BMR), thyroid hormone levels and body composition of middle-aged and older people participating in the ZENITH project and the correlation of thyroid hormone levels with zinc status. DESIGN A multicentre prospective intervention study employing a randomised double blind design. SETTING Clermont-Ferrand, Theix (France), Coleraine (Northern Ireland), Grenoble (France), Rome (Italy). INTERVENTIONS BMR has been measured on a subsample of 70 middle-aged volunteers (35 men and 35 women recruited in Clermont-Ferrand, France, aged 55-70 y) and 108 older volunteers (56 men and 52 women recruited in Rome, Italy, aged 70-85 y). Thyroid hormone levels were evaluated in the entire group of ZENITH volunteers (n = 387). BMR was measured by indirect calorimetry. Fat-free mass (FFM) was derived by four skinfold thicknesses using Durnin and Womersley's equations. Concentrations of thyroid hormones (total T3 and T4) were measured using a competitive immunoassay with an enhanced chemiluminescence end point. RESULTS Italian older volunteers had a significantly lower FFM than middle-aged French volunteers (-7% P < 0.01). A negative correlation between BMR and age (men, r = -0.64; women, r = -0.62; both P < 0.0001) was observed: BMR was significantly (P < 0.000001) lower in Italian elderly volunteers (4.03+/-0.46 kJ/min and 3.29+/-0.42 kJ/min for men and women, respectively) than in middle-aged French volunteers (4.84+/-0.45 kJ/min and 3.87+/-0.38 kJ/min for men and women, respectively), even after adjustment for FFM (-12%). No correlation has been observed between BMR and thyroid hormones both in French and Italian subjects. Total T4 (TT4) concentrations were lowest in middle-aged population (-10%, P < 0.0001). A moderate negative correlation has been found with TT4 and red blood cell zinc (r = -0.12, P < 0.02, slope -0.026). CONCLUSIONS The results confirm an age-related decline in BMR not entirely explained by body composition or thyroid hormones differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Meunier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité des Maladies Mé taboliques et Micronutrients, INRA, Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, France
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20
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Coudray C, Rambeau M, Feillet-Coudray C, Gueux E, Tressol JC, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y. Study of magnesium bioavailability from ten organic and inorganic Mg salts in Mg-depleted rats using a stable isotope approach. Magnes Res 2005; 18:215-23. [PMID: 16548135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Literature data on the bioavailability of various Mg forms provide scarce information on the best Mg salt to be used in animal and human supplementation. This study aimed to investigate the bioavailability of different forms of Mg in rats using Mg stable isotopes. Eighty male Wistar rats aged 6 weeks were fed a semi-purified Mg-depleted diet for three weeks. The rats were then randomised into ten groups and received, for two more weeks, the same diet repleted with Mg (550 mg Mg/kg) as: oxide, chloride, sulphate, carbonate, acetate, pidolate, citrate, gluconate, lactate or aspartate. After 10 days of Mg-repleted diet, the rats received orally 1.8 mg of an enriched 26Mg. Faeces and urine were then collected for 4 consecutive days. Isotope ratios in faeces and urine were determined. The Mg absorption values obtained varied from 50% to 67%. Organic Mg salts were slightly more available than inorganic Mg salts. Mg gluconate exhibited the highest Mg bioavailability of the ten Mg salts studied. Urinary 26Mg excretion varied from 0.20 mg to 0.33 mg, and feeding with the organic pidolate, citrate, gluconate and aspartate salts resulted in higher urinary 26Mg excretion than with inorganic salts. Ultimately, 26Mg retention was higher in the rats receiving the organic salts such as gluconate, lactate and aspartate than in those receiving the inorganic salts. Taken together, these results indicate that 26Mg is sufficiently bioavailable from the ten different Mg salts studied in the present experiment, although Mg gluconate exhibited the highest bioavailability under these experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Laboratoire des Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA de Theix/Clermont-Ferrand, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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21
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Andriollo-Sanchez M, Hininger-Favier I, Meunier N, Toti E, Zaccaria M, Brandolini-Bunlon M, Polito A, O'Connor JM, Ferry M, Coudray C, Roussel AM. Zinc intake and status in middle-aged and older European subjects: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S37-41. [PMID: 16254579 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inadequate intakes of micronutrients in elderly negatively affect the nutritional status. Zinc is an essential micronutrient in the elderly, especially in relation to its impact on immune function, bone mass, cognitive function and oxidative stress. However, data are lacking on zinc intake and status during normal ageing. In this study, we evaluate the intake and status of zinc in late middle-aged and older free-living subjects. DESIGN Dietary zinc intake and zinc status in 188 middle-aged subjects from Clermont-Ferrand (Fr) and Coleraine (UK), and in 199 older subjects from Grenoble (Fr) and Roma (It) were assessed at the entry in the ZENITH study. RESULTS In relation to the zinc RDA for people older than 55 y, zinc intakes in most of the middle-aged and older subjects (more than 96%) in the present study were adequate. Older people had significantly lower (P < 0.01) energy intakes as compared to middle-aged. Zinc intake expressed per MJ was also significantly (P < 0.01) higher in older people compared to middle-aged. Erythrocyte and urinary zinc concentrations were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in middle-aged subjects compared to older ones. The prevalence of biological Zn deficiency in free-living ageing European people was low (<5%). CONCLUSION The results of the present study showed a relatively low prevalence of zinc deficiencies in healthy free-living late middle-age and older subjects. These results should be useful for health professionals to have reference data on zinc intake and status for a healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Andriollo-Sanchez
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Vieillissement et Maladies Cardiovasculaires, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Joseph Fourier, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
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22
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Hill T, Meunier N, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Ciarapica D, Hininger-Favier I, Polito A, O'Connor JM, Coudray C, Cashman KD. The relationship between the zinc nutritive status and biochemical markers of bone turnover in older European adults: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S73-8. [PMID: 16254587 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between indices of zinc nutritive status and biochemical markers of bone turnover in older adult European subjects. DESIGN Use of baseline data from a multicentre prospective zinc intervention (ZENITH) study. SETTING Centres in France, Italy and Northern Ireland. PARTICIPANTS A total of 387 healthy adults, aged 55-87 y. METHODS Zinc intake was assessed by 4-day recall records. Circulating and urinary biochemical zinc status measures were assessed by atomic absorption spectrophometry. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were assessed by ELISA and urinary pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) by HPLC. RESULTS Zinc intake was negatively correlated with urinary Pyr and Dpyr (r = -0.298 and -0.304, respectively; P < 0.0001), but was not correlated with bone formation markers. There was a tendency for serum zinc to be negatively correlated with urinary Dpyr (r = -0.211; P = 0.080). Erythrocyte zinc was negatively correlated with serum osteocalcin (r = -0.090; P < 0.0001). None of the other correlations were significant. After adjustment for confounder (age, gender and research centre) the only significant association that remained was between serum osteocalcin and erythrocyte zinc (beta = -0.124; P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS There was some, albeit inconsistent, evidence of a relationship between zinc nutritive status and bone turnover in the older adult participants of the ZENITH study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hill
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College, Cork, Ireland
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23
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Stewart-Knox BJ, Simpson EEA, Parr H, Rae G, Polito A, Intorre F, Meunier N, Andriollo-Sanchez M, O'Connor JM, Coudray C, Strain JJ. Zinc status and taste acuity in older Europeans: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S31-6. [PMID: 16254578 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related decline in taste acuity may be both a cause and an effect of depleted zinc and/or increased zinc requirement. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore associations between zinc status and taste acuity in healthy older European adults aged 55-90 y. SAMPLE Volunteers were recruited within Italy (n = 108 aged 70-90 y), the United Kingdom (UK) (n = 93 aged 55-70) and two regions of France (n = 186), Grenoble (aged 70-90 y) and Clermont-Ferrand (aged 55-70 y). METHODS A signal detection theory approach was adopted, employing a three-alternative, forced-choice procedure. The data were converted to R-indices and bivariate correlations were computed to explore relationships between serum zinc, erythrocyte zinc and taste acuity. ANOVA was undertaken to determine regional differences in zinc status. RESULTS Higher erythrocyte zinc status was associated with better acuity for salt (sodium chloride) taste in the sample as a whole (P = 0.012) (n = 385). Higher serum zinc levels were associated with greater sensitivity to sour taste (citric acid) (P = 0.015) only in the older groups (aged 70-90 y). There were no apparent associations between serum or erythrocyte zinc status and acuity for bitter (quinine) or sweet (sucrose) tastes irrespective of age. CONCLUSION These results agree with those previously suggesting that age-related detriment in sensitivity for salt taste may be associated with depleted zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Stewart-Knox
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland.
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Meunier N, Feillet-Coudray C, Rambeau M, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Brandolini-Bunlon M, Coulter SJ, Cashman KD, Mazur A, Coudray C. Impact of micronutrient dietary intake and status on intestinal zinc absorption in late middle-aged men: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S48-52. [PMID: 16254581 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjustments in intestinal absorption and losses of zinc (Zn) are thought to maintain Zn homeostasis when dietary intake levels are altered. Zn status may also influence efficiency of intestinal Zn absorption. OBJECTIVES To determine the impact of dietary intake and status of some micronutrients on Zn absorption in late middle-aged men. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Dietary intake and status of Zn, Cu, Fe, vitamin A, C and fibre, and absorption of Zn were measured in 48 men, aged 58-68 y, confined to a metabolic unit and consuming a typical French diet. Dietary intake was estimated using 4-day food-intake records (including the weekend) and the GENI program. To assess Zn status, serum, erythrocyte, urine Zn levels and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were determined. Zn absorption was determined using the isotope double-labelling method. Zn stable isotopic ratios were measured in plasma samples collected before and 48 h after isotope administration using ICP/MS. RESULTS Zn intake within the group of men varied from 5.7 to 20.5 mg/day and averaged 12.9 mg/day. Serum Zn level varied from 10 to 18 micromol/l and averaged 12.9 micromol/l. Zn absorption varied from 12 to 46% and averaged 29.7%. Zn absorption was not significantly (P > 0.05) correlated with Zn intake or with any of the Zn status parameters. Zn absorption was only slightly negatively correlated with serum and erythrocyte Zn levels and with serum Fe and ferritin levels in this study. CONCLUSION Zn dietary intake and Zn absorption were satisfactory and led to an adequate Zn status in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Meunier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micro-nutriments, I.N.R.A., Theix, St Genès Champanelle, France
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25
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McConville C, Simpson EEA, Rae G, Polito A, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Meunier N, Stewart-Knox BJ, O'Connor JM, Roussel AM, Cuzzolaro M, Coudray C. Positive and negative mood in the elderly: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S22-5. [PMID: 16254576 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the quality of positive and negative affect (mood) in an ageing European sample. BACKGROUND Mood quality has important implications for both physical and mental wellbeing. Poor quality moods are associated with deficits in the diverse areas of cognitive function, health, and social relationships. The ageing process presents a number of potential challenges to successful mood regulation that could have wider implications. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS The current study examines the quality of positive and negative affect in 387 healthy participants from three European countries. Moods were measured four times a day for 4-7 d with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) mood scales. Measures of zinc (Zn) status were taken also. SETTING Two centres concentrated on 55-70 yr olds (Coleraine, N.Ireland, n = 93 and Clermont-Ferrand, France, n = 95), and two centres concentrated on 70-87 yr olds (Rome, Italy, n = 108, and Grenoble, France, n = 91). RESULTS Positive affect scores for the centre in Rome were significantly (P < 0.01) lower than for the other three centres, and the Grenoble centre had significantly (P < 0.05) higher scores on negative affect than the other three centres. Mood was not related to measures of zinc status (all Ps > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The two centres with the oldest participants showed deficits in mood quality that may have implications for broader well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- C McConville
- School of Psychology/Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Northern Ireland.
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26
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Andriollo-Sanchez M, Hininger-Favier I, Meunier N, Venneria E, O'Connor JM, Maiani G, Coudray C, Roussel AM. Age-related oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in middle-aged and older European subjects: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S58-62. [PMID: 16254584 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress has been reported to increase with ageing. However, the data in healthy humans remain controversial and studies in free-living elderly people are scarce. The objective of the present study was to compare age-related oxidative stress in late middle-aged and older free-living subjects. DESIGN The effect of ageing on oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters was investigated in 188 middle-aged subjects from Clermont-Ferrand (France) and Coleraine (UK), and in 199 older subjects from Grenoble (France) and Roma (Italy). Plasma thiol (SH) groups, define definition (TBAR's) and total glutathione (GSH), define definition (FRAP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured at baseline of the ZENITH study. RESULTS Plasma SH groups and FRAP and, surprisingly, TBAR's were significantly lower in free-living older subjects compared to younger subjects (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.01, respectively), but there was no significant differences in GSH levels. CONCLUSION European free-living healthy older do not appear to be exposed to an acute oxidative stress. However, the highly significant positive correlation between plasma SH group oxidation or decreased FRAP and ageing is predictive of an increased risk of oxidative stress in older subjects. Moreover, the comparison between middle-aged and older subjects regarding oxidative stress parameters suggests also a progressive and slow decline of antioxidant status in healthy free-living older elderly and underline the impact on life-style factors on successful ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Andriollo-Sanchez
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Vieillissement et Maladies Cardiovasculaires, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Joseph Fourier, Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
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Simpson EEA, O'Connor JM, Livingstone MBE, Rae G, Stewart-Knox BJ, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Toti E, Meunier N, Ferry M, Polito A, Kelly M, Wallace JMW, Coudray C. Health and lifestyle characteristics of older European adults: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S13-21. [PMID: 16254575 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe health and lifestyle factors of participants in the ZENITH study. DESIGN A prospective multicentre intervention study employing a randomised double-blind design. PARTICIPANTS Community dwelling older adults (n = 387), aged 55-87 y were recruited from regions in France, Italy and the UK. INTERVENTION A self-report questionnaire comprising socio-demographic variables, dietary habits, physical activity in the home, at work and recreation. RESULTS Participants differed with regards dietary habits and physical activity for each region. Recreational activity was higher in France and women generally tend to perform less hours of recreational activity per week than men. CONCLUSIONS The differences found for these regions of Europe in relation to lifestyle factors will affect health and well-being within these countries and may mediate the impact of zinc supplementation on various biological and psychological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E A Simpson
- School of Psychology/NICHE University of Ulster, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Polito A, Meunier N, Andriollo-Sanchez M, Catasta G, Azzini E, Simpson EEA, O'Connor JM, Roussel AM, Ferry M, Coudray C, Maiani G. Screening and recruitment procedure of late-middle aged and older subjects: the ZENITH study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59 Suppl 2:S8-12. [PMID: 16254588 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the rational, design, recruitment, baseline characteristics and preliminary overview of volunteers in the ZENITH study. DESIGN A multicentre prospective intervention study employing a randomised double-blind design. SETTING Clermont-Ferrand, Theix (France), Coleraine (Northern Ireland), Grenoble (France), Rome (Italy). PARTICIPANTS Healthy men and women middle-aged (55-70 y) and older volunteers (70-87 y). INTERVENTIONS At baseline (prior to zinc (Zn) supplementation), all volunteers underwent a full clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, health and lifestyle questionnaire, Mini Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, and biochemistry profile. RESULTS In total, 842 volunteers (378 men and 464 women) were invited to take part in the study. A total of 49% of these volunteers were excluded on the basis of inclusion/exclusion criteria. In total, 433 participants were admitted to the Zn supplementation for 6 months. During this period, about 10% of volunteers dropped out from the study. CONCLUSIONS A total of 387 subjects (197 male and 190 female subjects) successfully completed the supplementation phase of the ZENITH study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Polito
- National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Human Nutrition Unit, Rome, Italy.
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29
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Feillet-Coudray C, Trzeciakiewicz A, Coudray C, Rambeau M, Chanson A, Rayssiguier Y, Opolski A, Wolf FI, Mazur A. Erythrocyte magnesium fluxes in mice with nutritionally and genetically low magnesium status. Eur J Nutr 2005; 45:171-7. [PMID: 16155740 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-005-0579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2005] [Accepted: 08/03/2005] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Low intracellular magnesium (Mg) contents may be observed in case of severe Mg insufficient intake or because of genetic regulation. This work was conducted to investigate the influence of intracellular Mg content on erythrocyte Mg(2+) influx and efflux in mice with low nutritionally and genetically (MGL and MGH mice) Mg status. C57BL6 mice were fed for 2 wks a diet containing 1000 mg Mg/kg diet Mg (control group), 100 mg Mg/kg diet (Mg-marginal group) or 30 mg Mg/kg diet (Mg deficient group), while mice with low (MGL) and high (MGH) Mg levels were fed a control diet for 2 wks. The quantification of erythrocyte Mg(2+) influx and efflux was performed using a stable isotope of Mg. Our results showed that erythrocyte Mg(2+) influx and efflux were respectively increased and decreased in nutritional Mg deficiency; while in genetically determined Mg status Mg(2+) fluxes were lower in MGL mice compared to MGH mice. Moreover Mg(2+) efflux was significantly correlated to Mg level in erythrocytes in all the mice studied (p < 0.001). In conclusion, erythrocyte Mg(2+) influx and efflux are modulated by low Mg status, namely decreased Mg(2+) efflux compensate for nutritional Mg deficiency, while the genetic regulation of erythrocyte Mg(2+) content depends on modification of Mg(2+) influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Feillet-Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments INRA, Theix, 63122, St Genès Champanelle, France.
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Feillet-Coudray C, Nasulewicz A, Jaffrelo L, Thien S, Coudray C, Rambeau M, Gueux E, Rayssiguier Y, Opolski A, Wolf FI, Mazur A. Erythrocyte magnesium influx and efflux in solid tumor bearing mice. Magnes Res 2005; 18:103-8. [PMID: 16100848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mg metabolism is modified in tumors and tumor-bearing organisms. In particular cancer patients often display elevated erythrocyte Mg levels. For a better understanding of the increased erythrocyte Mg content, we attempted to determine Mg fluxes in erythrocytes from tumor-bearing mice by Mg stable isotopes, using a method developed in our laboratory. To characterize the animal Mg status, blood and tissue Mg levels and hematological parameters were assayed. Results showed that in tumor-bearing mice total erythrocyte Mg was about 46% higher than in controls, whereas plasma and tissues Mg levels were not modified; red blood cells and hemoglobin as well as hematocrits were significantly decreased, while mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were slightly but significantly increased in tumor-bearing mice compared to controls (by 3% and 4%, respectively), a picture corresponding to a normochromic, slightly macrocytic anemia. Erythrocyte Mg efflux was about 20% higher (404 + 59 versus 330 + 45 micromol/L, respectively, p < 0.05) in tumor-bearing mice compared to controls, whereas influx was not significantly modified (130 + 11 versus 122 + 19 micromol/L, respectively). Our data therefore exclude that the increased Mg content observed in erythrocytes of tumor-bearing mice is due to decrease of Mg efflux, or to an increase of Mg influx. On the other hand, the increased Mg content observed in erythrocytes of tumor-bearing mice could simply result from an increase of young Mg-enriched erythrocytes produced by the enhanced erythropoiesis which follows tumor-induced anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feillet-Coudray
- CRNH d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Coudray C, Guitard E, Kandil M, Harich N, Melhaoui M, Baali A, Sevin A, Moral P, Dugoujon JM. Study of GM immunoglobulin allotypic system in Berbers and Arabs from Morocco. Am J Hum Biol 2005; 18:23-34. [PMID: 16378347 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The GM immunoglobulin allotype polymorphism was investigated in four Moroccan populations: three Berber groups from Khenifra (Middle Atlas), Amizmiz (High Atlas), and Bouhria (Beni Snassen) and one Arabic-speaking sample from the Doukkala area (Abda, Chaouia, Doukkali, and Tadla districts in south-central Morocco). In order to characterize the genetic relationships between the populations, our results were compared with those obtained for other North African groups (from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Niger) and for Middle-East Africans, sub-Saharans, and Southwest Europeans. Based on GM haplotype frequencies, Factorial Correspondence Analyses, F(ST) significance testing, and hierarchical analyses of variance were performed. Our results reveal that Moroccan populations have heterogeneous GM profiles with high frequencies of GM haplotypes in Europeans (from 76% for Doukkala to 88% for Bouhria) and relatively high frequencies of GM haplotypes in sub-Saharans (from 11% for Bouhria to 23% for Amizmiz). The genetic diversity observed among Moroccans is not significantly correlated with either geographic or linguistic differentiation. In spite of their cultural and historical differentiation, we did not discover any significant genetic differences between Berbers and Arabic-speakers from Morocco. However, when large geographical areas are considered, our population samples are integrated in the North African GM variation, significantly distant from sub-Saharan groups but with a close relationship with Southwest European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Centre d'Anthropologie, UMR 8555, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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Vermorel M, Coudray C, Wils D, Sinaud S, Tressol JC, Montaurier C, Vernet J, Brandolini M, Bouteloup-Demange C, Rayssiguier Y. Energy value of a low-digestible carbohydrate, NUTRIOSE FB, and its impact on magnesium, calcium and zinc apparent absorption and retention in healthy young men. Eur J Nutr 2004; 43:344-52. [PMID: 15309452 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-004-0477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2003] [Accepted: 11/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term consumption of imbalanced diets, poor in dietary fibres, resulted in the prevalence of several nutritional pathologies. However, low digestible carbohydrates (LDC) have many beneficial effects, especially on energy intake, digestive physiology, and mineral absorption. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the digestive effects of a LDC, called NUTRIOSE FB, its metabolisable energy (ME) value, and its effects on mineral absorption in humans. METHODS Ten healthy young men were fed for 31 d periods a maintenance diet supplemented with either dextrose or the LDC at a level of 100 g DM/d, in six equal doses per d according to a cross-over design. After a 20 d adaptation period, food intake was determined for 11 days using the duplicate meal method, and faeces and urine were collected for 10 d for further analyses. RESULTS Ingestion of the LDC did not cause severe digestive disorders, except excessive gas emission, and flatulence and slight abdominal pain in some subjects for intakes above 50 g DM/d. Wet and dry stool outputs increased by 45 and 70%, respectively (P<0.02). In vitro enzymatic digestibility of the LDC was 15 (SD 1.5) %, and 9.2 (SD 8.3) % of the LDC was excreted in faeces (P<0.001). The ME value of the LDC was 14.1 (SD 2.3) kJ/g DM, that is 14 % less than the tabulated values of sucrose and starch. Its net energy value (NEV), estimated using three prediction equations, was 8.7, 8.9, and 11.4 kJ/g DM. Ingestion of the LDC significantly increased the relative apparent absorption of Mg, and Mg retention by 67% and 31 mg/d, respectively, tended to increase Ca apparent absorption (P=0.110) and Ca retention (P=0.059), but did not significantly alter Zn parameters. CONCLUSION NUTRIOSE FB can be used as a "bulking" agent, and substituted up to 50 g/d for usual maltodextrins without causing digestive disorders in healthy subjects. It would reduce intestinal transit disorders and energy intake, and improve magnesium and calcium absorption and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vermorel
- Energy & Lipid Metabolism Research Unit, INRA, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France.
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Coudray C, Feillet-Coudray C, Tressol JC, Gueux E, Thien S, Jaffrelo L, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y. Stimulatory effect of inulin on intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium in rats is modulated by dietary calcium intakes. Eur J Nutr 2004; 44:293-302. [PMID: 15340751 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-004-0526-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2004] [Accepted: 06/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that short-term intake of fermentable oligosaccharides (OS), including inulin, can increase mineral intestinal absorption in humans and animals. While the stimulatory effect of these substances on intestinal magnesium (Mg) absorption is generally high and consistent, their effect on calcium (Ca) seems to depend on experimental conditions, particularly the duration of fermentable OS intake. The aim of this study was to determine how the short- and long-term dietary Ca intake may modulate the effect of inulin on Ca absorption. Sixty male Wistar rats, weighing 275 g, were randomized into two groups to receive or not 10% of inulin in their diet. Each group was divided into three sub-groups to receive one of the following dietary Ca levels 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75% in their food. The animals were fed fresh food and water ad libitum for 40 days. Apparent intestinal absorptions of Ca and Mg were determined at D13 and D36 of the experiment. As expected, inulin feeding increased Ca and Mg absorption in both periods at all dietary Ca levels. However, the effect of inulin on intestinal Ca absorption was dependent on dietary Ca levels and on experiment duration. In the short-term period, the inulin effect was prominent in the groups receiving high or low Ca levels, but in long-term period inulin improved intestinal Ca absorption much more in the group receiving the low Ca level. In addition, efficiency of intestinal absorption of Ca and Mg (%) was negatively affected by Ca intake levels. These results show that the beneficial effect of inulin on intestinal Ca absorption may be more marked in cases where the Ca intake is low or where the organism's Ca requirement is high. Further studies are required to confirm these results in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, d'Auvergne Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments INRA, Theix, St Genès Champanelle, France.
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Abstract
A genetic control of blood magnesium (Mg) levels has been suggested. To investigate the mechanisms and the biologic significance of this genetic regulation, a mouse model, ie, mice selected for low magnesium level (MGL) and high magnesium level (MGH), was developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the Mg status and Mg metabolism in female MGL and MGH mice. We observed that MGL mice had reduced total and ionized plasma Mg, lower erythrocyte Mg, lower tibia, and kidney Mg levels. In contrast, total urinary Mg and (25)Mg levels were significantly higher in MGL mice. MGL mice had smaller total Mg exchangeable pool masses compared with MGH, and fractional transport rates of Mg (exchange constant) were different. In vitro (25)Mg enrichments in erythrocytes from MGL mice were significantly lower. Moreover, Mg efflux from erythrocytes was significantly higher in MGL. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that MGL mice present lower body stores of Mg than MGH mice and lower body Mg retention. This is confirmed at a cellular level by a lower enrichment of (25)Mg in erythrocytes. The lower retention of Mg by MGL erythrocyte in comparison to MGH appears to be partly due to a higher Mg efflux in MGL erythrocyte. It can be hypothesized that a genetic factor that modulates Na(+)/Mg(2+) exchanger activity may be important in the regulation of Mg metabolism. Further investigations on the mechanisms responsible for differences in Mg retention between MGL and MGH mice could contribute to a better understanding of the genetic regulation of cellular Mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feillet-Coudray
- CRNH d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Tahiri M, Tressol JC, Arnaud J, Bornet F, Bouteloup-Demange C, Feillet-Coudray C, Ducros V, Pépin D, Brouns F, Rayssiguier AM, Coudray C. Five-week intake of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides increases intestinal absorption and status of magnesium in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 2001; 16:2152-60. [PMID: 11697813 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.11.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fermentable carbohydrates have been shown to be nondigestible by human enzymes in the small intestine but are fermented extensively in the large bowel to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can increase mineral absorption. It has been shown that feeding such carbohydrates including short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (sc-FOSs) increases intestinal magnesium (Mg) absorption in animals, but their beneficial impact on Mg absorption in humans still remains to be established. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the effect of moderate daily doses of sc-FOSs (10 g/day) on the intestinal absorption and status of Mg in postmenopausal women without hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Eleven healthy postmenopausal women aged 59 +/- 6 years (mean +/- SD) received for 5 weeks sc-FOS or sucrose (placebo) treatments according to a randomized, double-blind, crossover design separated by a washout period of at least 3 weeks. Subjects ingested 87.5 mg of stable isotope 25Mg together with a fecal marker. Subsequently, feces were collected for 5-7 days. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP/MS) was used for 25Mg stable isotope measurements in feces, urine, and blood. Mg levels were assessed also at the beginning and at the end of each treatment in plasma, erythrocytes, and urine. These measurements allowed for the determination of net intestinal Mg absorption and Mg status. The results show that the addition of 10 g sc-FOS to the diet increased Mg absorption by 12.3%, from 30.2 +/- 5.0% (placebo treatment) to 33.9 +/- 7.2% (sc-FOS treatment; mean +/- SD; p < 0.02). This increase in intestinal Mg absorption was accompanied by an increase in plasma 25Mg level and led to a higher urinary 25Mg excretion. This is the first time that such an effect is shown in humans. The overall conclusion of this work is that the ingestion of moderate doses of sc-FOS did improve intestinal Mg absorption and status in postmenopausal women. Because of the important role of Mg in many cellular functions, such Mg absorption improvement may be particularly interesting when the dietary intake of Mg is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tahiri
- Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micro-nutriments, Centre de Recherche INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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Younes H, Coudray C, Bellanger J, Demigné C, Rayssiguier Y, Rémésy C. Effects of two fermentable carbohydrates (inulin and resistant starch) and their combination on calcium and magnesium balance in rats. Br J Nutr 2001; 86:479-85. [PMID: 11591235 DOI: 10.1079/bjn2001430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resistant starch and inulin are complex carbohydrates that are fermented by the microflora and known to increase colonic absorption of minerals in animals. The fermentation of these substrates in the large bowel to short-chain fatty acids is the main reason for this increase in mineral absorption. The purpose of the present study was to examine the potential synergistic effect of a combination of these two fermentable carbohydrates. For this purpose, thirty-two adult male Wistar rats weighing 200 g were used in the present study. The rats were distributed into four groups, and fed for 21 d a fibre-free basal purified diet or diet containing 100 g inulin, or 150 g resistant starch (raw potato starch)/kg diet or a blend of 50 g inulin and 75 g resistant starch/kg diet. After an adaptation period of 14 d, the rats were then transferred to metabolic cages and dietary intake, faeces and urine were monitored for 5 d. The animals were then anaesthetized and caecal Ca and Mg absorption were measured. Finally, the rats were killed and blood, caecum and tissues were sampled. Ca and Mg levels were assessed in diets, faeces, urine, caecum and plasma by atomic absorption spectrometry. Our results confirmed that inulin and resistant starch ingestion led to considerable caecal fermentation in the three experimental groups compared with the control group diet. Moreover, both carbohydrates significantly increased the intestinal absorption and balance of Ca and Mg, without altering the plasma level of these two minerals. Interestingly, the combination of the studied carbohydrates increased significantly the caecal soluble Ca and Mg concentrations, the apparent intestinal absorption and balance of Ca, and non-significantly the plasma Mg level. In conclusion, a combination of different carbohydrates showed synergistic effects on intestinal Ca absorption and balance in rats. Further studies with other types of carbohydrate combinations should be carried out to extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Younes
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, Centre de Recherche INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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Lopez HW, Levrat-Verny MA, Coudray C, Besson C, Krespine V, Messager A, Demigné C, Rémésy C. Class 2 resistant starches lower plasma and liver lipids and improve mineral retention in rats. J Nutr 2001; 131:1283-9. [PMID: 11285339 DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.4.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of raw potato starch (RPS) and high amylose corn starch (HAS) on cecal digestion, lipid metabolism and mineral utilization (Ca and Mg) were compared in rats adapted to semipurified diets. The diets provided either 710 g wheat starch/100 g diet (control) alone or 510 g wheat starch/100 g diet plus 200 g resistant starch/100 g (RPS or HAS). Compared with rats fed the control diet, significant cecal hypertrophy (240% after 7 d of the fiber consumption) and short-chain fatty acids accumulation (especially propionic and butyric acids) occurred after both resistant starch diets. Apparent Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe and Cu absorptions were similarly enhanced by RPS and HAS (50, 50, 27, 21 and 90%, respectively). Cholesterol absorption was reduced to 14% of intake in rats fed RPS or HAS compared with 47% absorption in control rats. RPS and HAS were also effective in lowering plasma cholesterol (-31 and -27%, respectively) and triglycerides (-28 and -22%, respectively). There was no effect of the diets on cholesterol in d > 1.040 kg/L lipoproteins (HDL), whereas RPS and HAS depressed cholesterol in d < 1.040 kg/L lipoproteins (especially in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins). Moreover, there were lower concentrations of cholesterol (-50 and -40%, respectively) and triglycerides (-53 and -47%, respectively) in the livers of RPS- and HAS-fed rats. Thus, RPS and HAS have similar effects on intestinal fermentation, mineral utilization and cholesterol metabolism in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Lopez
- Unité de Laboratoire pour l'Innovation dans les Céréales, ZAC Les Portes de Riom, BP 173, F-63204 Riom, France.
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Coudray C, Levrat-Verny MA, Tressol JC, Feillet-Coudray C, Horcajada-Molteni NM, Demigné C, Rayssiguier Y, Rémésy C. Mineral supplementation of white wheat flour is necessary to maintain adequate mineral status and bone characteristics in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2001; 15:131-7. [PMID: 11787978 DOI: 10.1016/s0946-672x(01)80056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was designed to compare the effect of ingestion of a wheat flours on mineral status and bone characteristics in rats. White flour was tested either without further mineral supplementation or with Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu supplementation. The flour diets were compared to a control purified diet. Four groups of 10 male Wistar rats each were fed one of the experimental diets for 6 wk and mineral status and tissue retention as well as bone characteristics were determined. As expected, mineral intake, except for calcium, was significantly lesser in rats fed the white flour diet than in the other groups. The rats fed the white flour diet had the lowest food intake, weight gain, fecal excretion and intestinal fermentation. The most important result was that Mg and Fe status were drastically lower in rats fed the white flour diet than in those fed whole flour or control diets. The status of these both elements were significantly improved by the mineral supplementation of white flour. There were no major significant differences between mineral-supplemented white flour and whole flour groups in mineral status. Furthermore, bone mineral densities (total, metaphyseal and diphyseal) were significantly lower in rats fed white flour diet compared to the other diet groups, while no significant difference was observed between the mineral-supplemented white flour, whole flour or control diet groups. In conclusion, the present work shows clearly the importance of mineral-supplementation of white wheat flour to sustain an adequate intake of minerals. Our results indicate also that the whole wheat flour did not negatively alter mineral bioavailability, in comparison to mineral supplemented white flour. Clinical studies are still needed to confirm these rat results in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Laboratoire Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA, Centre de Recherche de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, St-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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Abstract
The in vivo measurement of highly reactive free radicals, such as the z.rad OH radical, is very difficult. New specific markers, which are based on the ability of z.rad OH to attack the benzene rings of aromatic molecules, are currently under investigation. The produced hydroxylated compounds can be measured directly. In vivo, radical metabolism of salicylic acid produces two main hydroxylated derivatives (2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids). The latter acid can be also produced by enzymatic pathways through the cytochrome P-450 system, while the former acid is reported to be solely formed by direct hydroxyl radical attack. Therefore, measurement of 2, 3-DHBA, following oral administration of the drug acetyl salicylate, could be proposed for assessment of oxidative stress in vivo. In this paper, a sensitive method for the identification and quantification of hydroxylation products from the reaction of z. rad OH with salicylate in vivo is presented. It employs a high performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection system. A detection limit of < 1 pmol for the hydroxylation products has been achieved with linear response over at least five orders of magnitude. Using this technique, we measured plasma levels of 2,3- and 2,5-DHBA dihydroxylated derivatives and salicylic acid and determined the ratios following administration of 1 g acetyl salicylate in 20 healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Laboratoire Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint Genès Champanelle, France.
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Lopez HW, Coudray C, Levrat-Verny MA, Feillet-Coudray C, Demigné C, Rémésy C. Fructooligosaccharides enhance mineral apparent absorption and counteract the deleterious effects of phytic acid on mineral homeostasis in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2000; 11:500-8. [PMID: 11120448 DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2863(00)00109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) such as inulin are two food components that are able to modify mineral absorption negatively or positively. The influence of PA and FOS on the cecal and apparent mineral absorption as well as on the mineral status (plasma, hepatic, and bone) were investigated in four groups of rats fed one of the experimental diets: a fiber-free (FF) diet, a FF diet containing 7 g/kg PA (FF + PA), a diet containing 100 g/kg inulin (FOS), or a FOS diet containing 7 g/kg PA (FOS + PA). The cecal enlargement together with the acidification of cecal pH in rats adapted to FOS diets led to an improved Ca and Mg cecal absorption. Mineral apparent absorption was significantly enhanced by FOS ingestion (Ca, +20%; Mg, +50%; Fe, +23%; Cu, +45%), whereas PA decreased this factor only for trace elements (Fe, -48%; Zn, -62%; Cu, -31%). These inhibitory effects of a FF + PA diet have repercussions on blood (Mg, -15%; Fe, -12%; transferrin saturation -31%), liver (Mg, -18%; Fe, -42%; Zn, -25%), and bone (Zn, -25%) variables. However, the introduction of FOS into a PA diet counteracted these observed deleterious effects by stimulating bacterial hydrolysis of PA (+60% in rats adapted to FOS + PA compared to those fed the FF + PA diet) and by improving cecal absorption of minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Lopez
- Unité de Laboratoire pour l'Innovation dans les Céréales, Riom, France
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Feillet-Coudray C, Coudray C, Gueux E, Ducros V, Mazur A, Abrams S, Rayssiguier Y. Compartmental analysis of magnesium kinetics in Mg-sufficient and Mg-deficient rats. Metabolism 2000; 49:1326-9. [PMID: 11079823 DOI: 10.1053/meta.2000.8600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we determined magnesium kinetic values in normal rats using stable-isotope techniques. Additionally, we calculated the mass of the exchangeable pools of Mg in Mg-deficient rats to determine whether it can be used as a marker of Mg status. Rats were fed either a control diet (1,000 mg Mg/kg) or a Mg-deficient diet (60 mg Mg/kg). After 2 weeks on the experimental diets, each rat received an intravenous injection of 26Mg. The plasma Mg disappearance curve over the next 7 days was used to measure the mass and fractional transport rate of 3 rapidly exchanging Mg metabolic pools. In control rats, the mass of pool 1 (1.37 mg) was half that of pool 2 (2.46 mg), and pool 3 (47.7 mg) accounted for greater than 90% of exchangeable Mg. In Mg-deficient rats, we observed a significant decrease in the size of the 3 exchangeable pools of Mg (0.36, 0.72, and 20.2 mg, respectively) relative to the control rats. Furthermore, the fractional transport rate of Mg from pool 1 to pool 3 in Mg-deficient rats was 3 times the rate in the control rats, and the rate of irreversible loss from pool 1 was lower in Mg-deficient rats. In summary, this study allows us to establish Mg kinetic data in Mg-sufficient and Mg-deficient rats. The present experiment supports the conclusion that the isotopic test identifies animals with severe Mg deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feillet-Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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Feillet-Coudray C, Coudray C, Brûlé F, Gueux E, Mazur A, Abrams SA, Rayssiguier Y. Exchangeable magnesium pool masses reflect the magnesium status of rats. J Nutr 2000; 130:2306-11. [PMID: 10958828 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.9.2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive and valid marker to assess magnesium (Mg) status in humans is not available. The kinetically determined exchangeable pool masses have been used for other minerals, such as zinc and selenium, as markers of whole-body mineral status. To evaluate the validity of this relationship for Mg, we measured the exchangeable pools of Mg in rats over a range of magnesium dietary intakes. Rats weighing approximately 170 g were fed a control diet (500 mg Mg/kg), a marginally Mg-deficient diet (200 mg/kg) or a severely Mg-deficient diet (60 mg Mg/kg) for 2 wk. Subsequently, rats were administered an intravenous injection of (25)Mg, and the plasma (25)Mg disappearance curve was followed for the next 7 d. The following two methods were employed to analyze the exchangeable pools of Mg: 1) formal compartmental modeling and 2) a simplified determination of the total mass of the rapidly exchangeable Mg pool (EMgP). The mass of the three exchangeable pools (two extracellular pools and one intracellular pool) determined by compartmental analysis decreased in proportion to dietary Mg intake. EMgP, the combined pools of Mg that exchange with the plasma Mg within 48 h, decreased significantly as dietary Mg was lowered. It was positively correlated with conventional markers of Mg status (total Mg in plasma, erythrocyte and tibia Mg levels). Compartmental analysis assesses Mg exchangeable pools more accurately, but determination of EMgP is simpler and faster. Our findings demonstrate that the exchangeable pools of Mg constitute a good marker of Mg status in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feillet-Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA, Theix, 63122 St Genès Champanelle, France
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Deng Z, Coudray C, Gouzoux L, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y, Pépin D. Effects of acute and chronic coingestion of AlCl3 with citrate or polyphenolic acids on tissue retention and distribution of aluminum in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2000; 76:245-56. [PMID: 11049223 DOI: 10.1385/bter:76:3:245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/1999] [Accepted: 01/07/2000] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is toxic to certain biological systems and has been implicated as a neurotoxic agent in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Intestinal absorption of Al is very low (0.1%), but many organic dietary components are potential chelators of Al and may enhance its absorption and tissue distribution. We examined the effects of acute and chronic coingestion of AlCl3 with different polyphenolic acids on Al retention and compared to citrate in rats. In experiment 1, animals fasted for 14 h were dosed orally with demineralized water, Al chloride, Al chloride plus sodium citrate, or Al chloride plus a polyphenol acid. Blood samples were taken before and 2 h after the gavage and animals were killed 6 h later. In experiment 2, the rats were adapted on a purified diet for 1 wk and received the following for 4 wk in their experimental diets: AlCl3, except group 1, plus citrate or a polyphenol acid, except groups 1 and 2. Animals were killed and blood and tissues were sampled. In experiment 1, citrate highly enhanced Al absorption and its tissue retention. Gallic and chlorogenic acids significantly increased tibia and kidney Al levels compared to the Al group. In experiment 2, Al levels in the urine were significantly increased in all the Al groups compared to the control group. Significantly higher Al levels in the tibia, kidney, and brain were observed in the citrate group and a significant increase in brain Al level was also noted in the chlorogenic acid group compared to AlCl3 group. This may suggest a possible relation structure-activity of polyphenol acids. However, further studies are necessary to better understand the influence of polyphenol acids on Al metabolism, in particular that of chlorogenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Deng
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA Center de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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Lopez HW, Vallery F, Levrat-Verny MA, Coudray C, Demigné C, Rémésy C. Dietary phytic acid and wheat bran enhance mucosal phytase activity in rat small intestine. J Nutr 2000; 130:2020-5. [PMID: 10917919 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.8.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of dietary phytic acid (PA) on intestinal phytase activity in growing rats by in vitro determination of phytase activity in the three segments of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum), and by in vivo intestinal perfusion of a solution rich in PA (diluted soymilk). Using the in vitro method, duodenal and jejunal activities were enhanced significantly by adaptation to purified PA (+44 and +145% respectively, compared with control rats). For the rats adapted to the wheat bran (WB) diet, the induction of intestinal phytase by the substrate compared with the control values (P < 0.001) was observed only in ileum. Using soymilk in perfusions, rats consuming PA or WB diets hydrolyzed more phytate (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) than controls. Further, Mg absorption from diluted soymilk was not affected by food adaptation, whereas Ca absorption was greater in the PA and WB groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) than in the control group. Thus, intake of pure PA by rats enhances phytase in the upper parts of the small intestine (duodenum and jejunum), whereas the WB diet activates ileal phytase. Furthermore, the induction of phytase activity is greater in magnitude in rats fed synthetic PA than that observed in rats fed the WB diet. The enhancement of phytase improves intestinal Ca absorption, thus showing the capacity of the small intestine to adapt to diets rich in PA and poor in Ca.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Lopez
- Unité de Laboratoire pour l'Innovation dans les Céréales, ZAC "Les Portes de Riom," Riom, France
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Coudray C, Tressol JC, Feillet-Coudray C, Bellanger J, Pépin D, Mazur A. Long-term consumption of red wine does not modify intestinal absorption or status of zinc and copper in rats. J Nutr 2000; 130:1309-13. [PMID: 10801935 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.5.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Red wines contain many components such as polyphenols and ethanol that may influence mineral absorption. We report on studies in a rat model that were designed to investigate the extent to which short- and long-term intake of red wine or ethanol may influence (67)Zn and (65)Cu absorption in rats. Rats (n = 96) were divided into three groups, a control group that received demineralized water, a group that received red wine diluted with water (v/v) and an ethanol group that received 6% ethanol. Half of each group was used for the short-term study; the others were used for the long-term study. After 3 d (short-term study) or 28 d (long-term study) of beverage consumption, the rats were gavaged with 2 mL of solution containing 2027 nmol (67)Zn and 902 nmol (65)Cu. Subsequently, 3-d urinary and fecal collections were performed and analyzed for total and isotopic Zn and Cu. In the long-term study, blood, tibia and liver were also sampled for mineral status assessment. Neither short- nor long-term intake of red wine altered (67)Zn or (65)Cu absorption. In contrast, long-term (but not short-term) ethanol consumption significantly increased both (67)Zn and (65)Cu absorption compared with the control and red wine groups. The long-term consumption of ethanol or red wine did not affect blood or tissue Zn or Cu levels. In conclusion, short- or long-term consumption of red wine did not have a negative effect on intestinal absorption or tissue levels of zinc and Cu in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Laboratoire Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, 63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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Feillet-Coudray C, Coudray C, Bayle D, Rock E, Rayssiguier Y, Mazur A. Response of diamine oxidase and other plasma copper biomarkers to various dietary copper intakes in the rat and evaluation of copper absorption with a stable isotope. Br J Nutr 2000; 83:561-8. [PMID: 10953681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of agreement on index of Cu status and reliable and sensitive biomarkers are still required. The purpose of this present work was to assess in rats the sensitivity of diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, a recently proposed biomarker, to modifications in dietary Cu intake in comparison with other plasma biomarkers of Cu status. We also evaluated the effect of Cu dietary level on Cu and Zn intestinal absorption. Results showed that plasma Cu and plasma caeruloplasmin were significantly decreased at day 8 compared with the control group (7.4 mg Cu/kg diet) while DAO activity was significantly decreased at day 12 of the deficient diet (0.61 mg Cu/kg diet). Cu supplementation (35 mg Cu/kg diet) had no effect on any of the studied biomarkers of Cu status. In Cu-deficient rats plasma Cu and DAO activities were normalized 4 d after return to the control diet while caeruloplasmin was normalized later, at day 11. Apparent absorption values (%) of total Cu or 65Cu isotope were significantly increased in the Cu-deficient rats compared with the other groups and similar in the control and the Cu-supplemented groups. The urinary excretion of total Cu or 65Cu isotope were increased in the Cu-supplemented group compared with the other two groups. Both apparent absorption and urinary excretion of total Zn or 67Zn isotope remained unchanged in the three experimental groups. In conclusion, DAO activity seemed to be less sensitive to Cu deficiency than plasma Cu or caeruloplasmin concentrations. The present study also showed a significant increase in Cu intestinal absorption with dietary Cu restriction but no decrease with Cu supplementation in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feillet-Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, INRA, St-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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Tahiri M, Pellerin P, Tressol JC, Doco T, Pépin D, Rayssiguier Y, Coudray C. The rhamnogalacturonan-II dimer decreases intestinal absorption and tissue accumulation of lead in rats. J Nutr 2000; 130:249-53. [PMID: 10720178 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhamnogalacturonan-II dimer (dRG-II) forms strong complexes in vitro with lead (Pb) and other selected cations. We examined the in vivo bioavailability of Pb complexed with dRG-II and the effect of unleaded dRG-II on the intestinal absorption and tissue retention of Pb in rats. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Each group consumed a purified control diet for 3 wk or the same diet supplemented with: i) 3 mg of Pb/kg, ii) 0.5 g of leaded dRG-II/kg, or iii) 0.5 g of leaded dRG-II/kg and 4.5 g of unleaded dRG-II/kg. The leaded dRG-II provided approximately 3 mg of Pb/kg of diet. A chemical balance study was conducted during the last 5 d of the 3-wk study, and blood and organs were sampled for Pb and mineral analyses. The apparent intestinal absorptions of Pb were 62.3, 15.2, 11.8 and -0.1%, and Pb balances were 1.9, 9.6, 5.6 and -0.2 microg/d for the control and the three experimental groups, respectively. The Pb complexed with dRG-II was less available than Pb acetate, as reflected by significantly lower blood and tissue Pb levels. The addition of unleaded dRG-II decreased the intestinal absorption and the tissue retention of Pb significantly. We further found that the apparent absorption and status of magnesium, zinc and iron were unaffected by Pb treatment or dRG-II addition. We conclude that dRG-II may be useful in decreasing toxicity related to chronic Pb exposure. Human studies will be necessary however, to further evaluate the clinical utility of this beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tahiri
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne CRNH, Unité Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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Coudray C, Charon C, Komas N, Mory G, Diot-Dupuy F, Manganiello V, Ferre P, Bazin R. Evidence for the presence of several phosphodiesterase isoforms in brown adipose tissue of Zucker rats: modulation of PDE2 by the fa gene expression. FEBS Lett 1999; 456:207-10. [PMID: 10452559 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to characterise the phosphodiesterases (PDEs) present in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of Zucker rat pups and to determine whether the capacity for degradation of cyclic nucleotides was affected by the fatty genotype. Regardless of the genotype, PDE2-4 contributed to total PDE activity, the PDE3 activity equalling the sum of PDE2 and 4 activities. In fa/fa compared to Fa/fa rats, (a) PDE2 activity was significantly increased, (b) Western blot analysis of PDE2 revealed two signals at 71 and 105 kDa, with changes in protein being in good parallelism with changes in activity, (c) the PDE2 mRNA concentration was also significantly increased. In good agreement, the cGMP concentration was decreased in BAT from fa/fa pups.
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Levrat-Verny MA, Coudray C, Bellanger J, Lopez HW, Demigné C, Rayssiguier Y, Rémésy C. Wholewheat flour ensures higher mineral absorption and bioavailability than white wheat flour in rats. Br J Nutr 1999; 82:17-21. [PMID: 10655952 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114599001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of unrefined whole flour is thought to affect mineral bioavailability because it contains high levels of fibre and phytic acid. The present experiment was designed to study the absorption of minerals from diets based on wholewheat flour and white wheat flour in rats. Two groups of male Wistar rats were fed on the diets for 3 weeks and absorption and tissue retention of minerals were studied. The rats fed on the wholewheat flour diet had significantly greater food intake, weight gain, faecal excretion and intestinal fermentation than those fed on the white flour diet. Mineral intakes, except for Ca, were significantly greater in rats fed on the wholewheat flour diet (4-fold for Mg, 2-fold for Fe and Zn). A significant rise in the apparent absorption of Fe (%) and a significant decrease in the apparent absorption of Zn (%) were observed. The amounts of minerals absorbed (mg/d) were significantly enhanced (excepted for Ca) with the wholewheat flour diet. Moreover, plasma and tibia levels of Mg and plasma, liver and tibia levels of Fe were significantly increased in rats fed on the wholewheat flour diet compared with those fed on the white flour diet. In conclusion, wholewheat flour, rich in phytic acid and minerals, did not have a negative effect on mineral absorption, but rather improved the bioavailability of some minerals. Human studies are needed to confirm these rat results before extrapolation to human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Levrat-Verny
- Laboratoire Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, Centre de Recherche de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, St-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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Feillet-Coudray C, Rock E, Coudray C, Grzelkowska K, Azais-Braesco V, Dardevet D, Mazur A. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in experimental diabetes. Clin Chim Acta 1999; 284:31-43. [PMID: 10437641 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(99)00046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is currently suggested as a mechanism underlying diabetes. The present study was designed to evaluate the oxidative stress related parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats using different complementary approaches: susceptibility to in vitro oxidation (lipid peroxidation induction in liver homogenate, red blood cells hemolysis), blood antioxidant status (total antioxidant capacity by two approaches), and plasma isoprostane measurement, a new marker of lipid peroxidation in vivo. We have shown that induced liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances increased after 4 weeks of diabetes, in spite of increased liver vitamin E content. Red blood cells hemolysis was significantly delayed after 4 weeks of diabetes. Plasma antioxidant capacity (AOC) tended to increase after 4 weeks of diabetes and was correlated with plasma vitamin E levels. Total antioxidant activity (TAA) significantly decreased after 1 week and a significant correlation was observed with plasma albumin levels. Plasma isoprostane (8-epiprostaglandinF2alpha) concentrations were not modified significantly 1 week or 4 weeks after the induction of diabetes. Levels of vitamin E in the diet and changes in its distribution among the body seems to play an important role in the development of oxidative stress during diabetes and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feillet-Coudray
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne, Unité des Maladies Métaboliques et des Micronutriments, INRA, St. Genès Champanelle, France.
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