1
|
Szentgyörgyi V, Lueck LM, Overwijn D, Ritz D, Zoeller N, Schmidt A, Hondele M, Spang A, Bakhtiar S. Arf1-dependent LRBA recruitment to Rab4 endosomes is required for endolysosome homeostasis. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202401167. [PMID: 39325073 PMCID: PMC11449124 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202401167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Deleterious mutations in the lipopolysaccharide responsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) gene cause severe childhood immune dysregulation. The complexity of the symptoms involving multiple organs and the broad range of unpredictable clinical manifestations of LRBA deficiency complicate the choice of therapeutic interventions. Although LRBA has been linked to Rab11-dependent trafficking of the immune checkpoint protein CTLA-4, its precise cellular role remains elusive. We show that LRBA, however, only slightly colocalizes with Rab11. Instead, LRBA is recruited by members of the small GTPase Arf protein family to the TGN and to Rab4+ endosomes, where it controls intracellular traffic. In patient-derived fibroblasts, loss of LRBA led to defects in the endosomal pathway promoting the accumulation of enlarged endolysosomes and lysosome secretion. Thus, LRBA appears to regulate flow through the endosomal system on Rab4+ endosomes. Our data strongly suggest functions of LRBA beyond CTLA-4 trafficking and provide a conceptual framework to develop new therapies for LRBA deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Danilo Ritz
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Zoeller
- Dermatology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | - Anne Spang
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shahrzad Bakhtiar
- Department of Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alves D, Neves A, Vecchi L, Souza T, Vaz E, Mota S, Nicolau-Junior N, Goulart L, Araújo T. Rho GTPase activating protein 21-mediated regulation of prostate cancer associated 3 gene in prostate cancer cell. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13190. [PMID: 38896642 PMCID: PMC11186590 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of the prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) gene is well-defined as a marker for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. Although widely used in clinical research, PCA3 molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein we used phage display technology to identify putative molecules that bind to the promoter region of PCA3 gene and regulate its expression. The most frequent peptide PCA3p1 (80%) was similar to the Rho GTPase activating protein 21 (ARHGAP21) and its binding affinity was confirmed using Phage Bead ELISA. We showed that ARHGAP21 silencing in LNCaP prostate cancer cells decreased PCA3 and androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional levels and increased prune homolog 2 (PRUNE2) coding gene expression, indicating effective involvement of ARHGAP21 in androgen-dependent tumor pathway. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed the interaction between PCA3 promoter region and ARHGAP21. This is the first study that described the role of ARHGAP21 in regulating the PCA3 gene under the androgenic pathway, standing out as a new mechanism of gene regulatory control during prostatic oncogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D.A. Alves
- Laboratório de Genética e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil
- Laboratório de Nanobiotechnologia Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Instituto de Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - A.F. Neves
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Catalão, Catalão, GO, Brasil
| | - L. Vecchi
- Laboratório de Nanobiotechnologia Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Instituto de Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - T.A. Souza
- Laboratório de Nanobiotechnologia Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Instituto de Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - E.R. Vaz
- Laboratório de Nanobiotechnologia Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Instituto de Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - S.T.S. Mota
- Laboratório de Genética e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil
- Laboratório de Nanobiotechnologia Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Instituto de Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - N. Nicolau-Junior
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - L.R. Goulart
- Laboratório de Nanobiotechnologia Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Instituto de Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| | - T.G. Araújo
- Laboratório de Genética e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil
- Laboratório de Nanobiotechnologia Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Instituto de Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hirschenberger M, Lepelley A, Rupp U, Klute S, Hunszinger V, Koepke L, Merold V, Didry-Barca B, Wondany F, Bergner T, Moreau T, Rodero MP, Rösler R, Wiese S, Volpi S, Gattorno M, Papa R, Lynch SA, Haug MG, Houge G, Wigby KM, Sprague J, Lenberg J, Read C, Walther P, Michaelis J, Kirchhoff F, de Oliveira Mann CC, Crow YJ, Sparrer KMJ. ARF1 prevents aberrant type I interferon induction by regulating STING activation and recycling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6770. [PMID: 37914730 PMCID: PMC10620153 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN) signalling is tightly controlled. Upon recognition of DNA by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), stimulator of interferon genes (STING) translocates along the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi axis to induce IFN signalling. Termination is achieved through autophagic degradation or recycling of STING by retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport. Here, we identify the GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) as a crucial negative regulator of cGAS-STING signalling. Heterozygous ARF1 missense mutations cause a previously unrecognized type I interferonopathy associated with enhanced IFN-stimulated gene expression. Disease-associated, GTPase-defective ARF1 increases cGAS-STING dependent type I IFN signalling in cell lines and primary patient cells. Mechanistically, mutated ARF1 perturbs mitochondrial morphology, causing cGAS activation by aberrant mitochondrial DNA release, and leads to accumulation of active STING at the Golgi/ERGIC due to defective retrograde transport. Our data show an unexpected dual role of ARF1 in maintaining cGAS-STING homeostasis, through promotion of mitochondrial integrity and STING recycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Lepelley
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Rupp
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne Klute
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Victoria Hunszinger
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lennart Koepke
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Veronika Merold
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Blaise Didry-Barca
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Wondany
- Institute of Biophysics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tim Bergner
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tatiana Moreau
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu P Rodero
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Reinhild Rösler
- Core Unit Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefano Volpi
- UOC Reumatologia e Malattie Autoinfiammatorie, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- UOC Reumatologia e Malattie Autoinfiammatorie, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Papa
- UOC Reumatologia e Malattie Autoinfiammatorie, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sally-Ann Lynch
- Children's Health Ireland, Crumlin, Dublin, Eire
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Eire
| | - Marte G Haug
- Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristen M Wigby
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis in Sacramento, CA, USA
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Sprague
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, USA
| | - Jerica Lenberg
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Clarissa Read
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens Michaelis
- Institute of Biophysics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Yanick J Crow
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR1163, F-75015, Paris, France.
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mahbub L, Kozlov G, Zong P, Lee EL, Tetteh S, Nethramangalath T, Knorn C, Jiang J, Shahsavan A, Yue L, Runnels L, Gehring K. Structural insights into regulation of CNNM-TRPM7 divalent cation uptake by the small GTPase ARL15. eLife 2023; 12:e86129. [PMID: 37449820 PMCID: PMC10348743 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)-pair domain divalent metal cation transport mediators (CNNMs) are an evolutionarily conserved family of magnesium transporters. They promote efflux of Mg2+ ions on their own and influx of divalent cations when expressed with the transient receptor potential ion channel subfamily M member 7 (TRPM7). Recently, ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 15 (ARL15) has been identified as CNNM-binding partner and an inhibitor of divalent cation influx by TRPM7. Here, we characterize ARL15 as a GTP and CNNM-binding protein and demonstrate that ARL15 also inhibits CNNM2 Mg2+ efflux. The crystal structure of a complex between ARL15 and CNNM2 CBS-pair domain reveals the molecular basis for binding and allowed the identification of mutations that specifically block binding. A binding deficient ARL15 mutant, R95A, failed to inhibit CNNM and TRPM7 transport of Mg2+ and Zn2+ ions. Structural analysis and binding experiments with phosphatase of regenerating liver 2 (PRL2 or PTP4A2) showed that ARL15 and PRLs compete for binding CNNM to coordinate regulation of ion transport by CNNM and TRPM7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luba Mahbub
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Guennadi Kozlov
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Pengyu Zong
- Department of Cell Biology, UCONN Health CenterFarmingtonUnited States
| | - Emma L Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Sandra Tetteh
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayUnited States
| | | | - Caroline Knorn
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Jianning Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Ashkan Shahsavan
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, UCONN Health CenterFarmingtonUnited States
| | - Loren Runnels
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayUnited States
| | - Kalle Gehring
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill UniversityMontréalCanada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu Y, Wang X, He Z, Zhao P, Ren H, Qi Z. Enterovirus 71 enters human brain microvascular endothelial cells through an ARF6-mediated endocytic pathway. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28915. [PMID: 37417384 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Infection of the central nervous system caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) remains the main cause of death in hand-foot-and-mouth disease. However, the mechanism responsible for how EV71 breaks through the blood-brain barrier to infect brain cells has yet to be elucidated. By performing a high-throughput small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening and validation, we found that the infection of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) by EV71 was independent of the endocytosis pathways mediated by caveolin, clathrin, and macropinocytosis but dependent on ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6), a small guanosinetriphosphate (GTP)-binding protein of the Ras superfamily. The specific siRNA targeting ARF6 markedly inhibited HBMECs susceptibility to EV71. EV71 infectivity was inhibited by NAV-2729, a specific inhibitor of ARF6, in a dose-dependent manner. The subcellular analysis demonstrated the co-localization of the endocytosed EV71 and ARF6, while knockdown of ARF6 with siRNA remarkably influenced EV71 endocytosis. By immunoprecipitation assays, we found a direct interaction of ARF6 with EV71 viral protein. Furthermore, ARF1, another small GTP-binding protein, was also found to participate in ARF6-mediated EV71 endocytosis. Murine experiments demonstrated that NAV-2729 significantly alleviated mortality caused by EV71 infection. Our study revealed a new pathway by which EV71 enters the HBMECs and provides new targets for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhe Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongtian Qi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kouchi Z, Kojima M. A Structural Network Analysis of Neuronal ArhGAP21/23 Interactors by Computational Modeling. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19249-19264. [PMID: 37305272 PMCID: PMC10249030 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RhoGTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs) play multiple roles in neuronal development; however, details of their substrate recognition system remain elusive. ArhGAP21 and ArhGAP23 are RhoGAPs that contain N-terminal PDZ and pleckstrin homology domains. In the present study, the RhoGAP domain of these ArhGAPs was computationally modeled by template-based methods and the AlphaFold2 software program, and their intrinsic RhoGTPase recognition mechanism was analyzed from the domain structures using the protein docking programs HADDOCK and HDOCK. ArhGAP21 was predicted to preferentially catalyze Cdc42, RhoA, RhoB, RhoC, and RhoG and to downregulate RhoD and Tc10 activities. Regarding ArhGAP23, RhoA and Cdc42 were deduced to be its substrates, whereas RhoD downregulation was predicted to be less efficient. The PDZ domains of ArhGAP21/23 possess the FTLRXXXVY sequence, and similar globular folding consists of antiparalleled β-sheets and two α-helices that are conserved with PDZ domains of MAST-family proteins. A peptide docking analysis revealed the specific interaction of the ArhGAP23 PDZ domain with the PTEN C-terminus. The pleckstrin homology domain structure of ArhGAP23 was also predicted, and the functional selectivity for the interactors regulated by the folding and disordered domains in ArhGAP21 and ArhGAP23 was examined by an in silico analysis. An interaction analysis of these RhoGAPs revealed the existence of mammalian ArhGAP21/23-specific type I and type III Arf- and RhoGTPase-regulated signaling. Multiple recognition systems of RhoGTPase substrates and selective Arf-dependent localization of ArhGAP21/23 may form the basis of the functional core signaling necessary for synaptic homeostasis and axon/dendritic transport regulated by RhoGAP localization and activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zen Kouchi
- Department
of Genetics, Institute for Developmental
Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, 713-8 Kamiya-cho, Kasugai-city 480-0392 Aichi, Japan
| | - Masaki Kojima
- Laboratory
of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji 192-0392, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li FL, Guan KL. The Arf family GTPases: Regulation of vesicle biogenesis and beyond. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2200214. [PMID: 36998106 PMCID: PMC10282109 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The Arf family proteins are best known for their roles in the vesicle biogenesis. However, they also play fundamental roles in a wide range of cellular regulation besides vesicular trafficking, such as modulation of lipid metabolic enzymes, cytoskeleton remodeling, ciliogenesis, lysosomal, and mitochondrial morphology and functions. Growing studies continue to expand the downstream effector landscape of Arf proteins, especially for the less-studied members, revealing new biological functions, such as amino acid sensing. Experiments with cutting-edge technologies and in vivo functional studies in the last decade help to provide a more comprehensive view of Arf family functions. In this review, we summarize the cellular functions that are regulated by at least two different Arf members with an emphasis on those beyond vesicle biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Long Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Wang L, Li J, Bao Q, Zhang Y, Chang G, Chen G. Association analysis of polymorphisms of candidate genes for laying traits in Yangzhou geese. Gene 2023; 862:147249. [PMID: 36738899 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Egg production is an important economic trait in the Chinese goose industry. Due to the low heritability of annual egg production traits in geese, large-scale individual selection based on annual egg production measurements cannot be carried out. Therefore, new selection methods must be applied for large-scale early selections. To screen for effective molecular markers for early Yangzhou geese selection, the genotypes and gene frequencies of mutated loci of five candidate genes related to egg production, MAGI-1, ACSF2, ASTN2, KIAA1462, and ARHGAP21, were detected and analyzed by PCR-direct sequencing.Furthermore, correlation analysis was performed with annual egg mass and body weight at the point of lay and egg weight, and the results were as follows:Magi-1 (Record-106975)was A > G, ACSF2 (Record-106582)was A > C, ASTN2 (Record-111407)was A > T, KIAA1462 (Record-134172)was A > T, and the base of ARHGAP21 (Record-112359) was G > T. At all the five loci above, the Yangzhou geese population followed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The results of the association analysis between different genotypes and production performance showed no significant differences in annual egg production, body weight at the point of lay, and egg weight, among different genotypes (P > 0.05) at the mutation loci of MAGI-1 and ASTN2. At the ACSF2 and KIAA1462, the annual egg production of AC was significantly higher than that of AA and CC (P < 0.05), the annual egg production of TT was significantly higher than that of AA (P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in body weight at the point of lay and egg weight, among the three genotypes (P > 0.05). At ARHGAP21, the body weight at the lay point of the TT genotype was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of GG (P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference with the heterozygous GT genotype for this trait (P > 0.05). Therefore, Genotype AC at ACSF2 and genotype TT at KIAA1462 could be used as favorable genotypes for egg production, and genotype TT at ARHGAP21 could be used as a favorable genotype for weight in Yangzhou geese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Laidi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Yangzhou Tiange Goose Company Limited, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guobin Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mahbub L, Kozlov G, Zong P, Tetteh S, Nethramangalath T, Knorn C, Jiang J, Shahsavan A, Lee E, Yue L, Runnels LW, Gehring K. Structural insights into regulation of TRPM7 divalent cation uptake by the small GTPase ARL15. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.19.524765. [PMID: 36711628 PMCID: PMC9882303 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)-pair domain divalent metal cation transport mediators (CNNMs) are an evolutionarily conserved family of magnesium transporters. They promote efflux of Mg 2+ ions on their own or uptake of divalent cations when coupled to the transient receptor potential ion channel subfamily M member 7 (TRPM7). Recently, ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 15 (ARL15) has been identified as CNNM binding partner and an inhibitor of divalent cation influx by TRPM7. Here, we characterize ARL15 as a GTP-binding protein and demonstrate that it binds the CNNM CBS-pair domain with low micromolar affinity. The crystal structure of the complex between ARL15 GTPase domain and CNNM2 CBS-pair domain reveals the molecular determinants of the interaction and allowed the identification of mutations in ARL15 and CNNM2 mutations that abrogate binding. Loss of CNNM binding prevented ARL15 suppression of TRPM7 channel activity in support of previous reports that the proteins function as a ternary complex. Binding experiments with phosphatase of regenerating liver 2 (PRL2 or PTP4A2) revealed that ARL15 and PRLs compete for binding CNNM, suggesting antagonistic regulation of divalent cation transport by the two proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luba Mahbub
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Guennadi Kozlov
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Pengyu Zong
- Dept. of Cell Biology. UCONN Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States
| | - Sandra Tetteh
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States
| | | | - Caroline Knorn
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jianning Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Ashkan Shahsavan
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Emma Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Lixia Yue
- Dept. of Cell Biology. UCONN Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States
| | - Loren W. Runnels
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States
| | - Kalle Gehring
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Centre de recherche en biologie structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Canada,Corresponding author:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fasano G, Muto V, Radio FC, Venditti M, Mosaddeghzadeh N, Coppola S, Paradisi G, Zara E, Bazgir F, Ziegler A, Chillemi G, Bertuccini L, Tinari A, Vetro A, Pantaleoni F, Pizzi S, Conti LA, Petrini S, Bruselles A, Prandi IG, Mancini C, Chandramouli B, Barth M, Bris C, Milani D, Selicorni A, Macchiaiolo M, Gonfiantini MV, Bartuli A, Mariani R, Curry CJ, Guerrini R, Slavotinek A, Iascone M, Dallapiccola B, Ahmadian MR, Lauri A, Tartaglia M. Dominant ARF3 variants disrupt Golgi integrity and cause a neurodevelopmental disorder recapitulated in zebrafish. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6841. [PMID: 36369169 PMCID: PMC9652361 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicle biogenesis, trafficking and signaling via Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi network support essential developmental processes and their disruption lead to neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegeneration. We report that de novo missense variants in ARF3, encoding a small GTPase regulating Golgi dynamics, cause a developmental disease in humans impairing nervous system and skeletal formation. Microcephaly-associated ARF3 variants affect residues within the guanine nucleotide binding pocket and variably perturb protein stability and GTP/GDP binding. Functional analysis demonstrates variably disruptive consequences of ARF3 variants on Golgi morphology, vesicles assembly and trafficking. Disease modeling in zebrafish validates further the dominant behavior of the mutants and their differential impact on brain and body plan formation, recapitulating the variable disease expression. In-depth in vivo analyses traces back impaired neural precursors' proliferation and planar cell polarity-dependent cell movements as the earliest detectable effects. Our findings document a key role of ARF3 in Golgi function and demonstrate its pleiotropic impact on development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fasano
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Muto
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Clementina Radio
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Venditti
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Niloufar Mosaddeghzadeh
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simona Coppola
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Paradisi
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy ,grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Erika Zara
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy ,grid.7841.aDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Università “Sapienza”, Rome, 00185 Italy
| | - Farhad Bazgir
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alban Ziegler
- grid.7252.20000 0001 2248 3363UFR Santé de l’Université d’Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France ,grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Département de Génétique, CHU d’Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Giovanni Chillemi
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy ,grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Centro Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Bertuccini
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Servizio grandi strumentazioni e core facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinari
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Centro di riferimento per la medicina di genere, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Vetro
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Pantaleoni
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Libenzio Adrian Conti
- grid.414603.4Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- grid.414603.4Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ingrid Guarnetti Prandi
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mancini
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Balasubramanian Chandramouli
- grid.431603.30000 0004 1757 1950Super Computing Applications and Innovation, CINECA, 40033 Casalecchio di Reno, Italy
| | - Magalie Barth
- grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Département de Génétique, CHU d’Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Céline Bris
- grid.7252.20000 0001 2248 3363UFR Santé de l’Université d’Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France ,grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Département de Génétique, CHU d’Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Donatella Milani
- grid.414818.00000 0004 1757 8749Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Selicorni
- grid.512106.1Mariani Center for Fragile Children Pediatric Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Lariana, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Marina Macchiaiolo
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Michaela V. Gonfiantini
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartuli
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mariani
- grid.414603.4Department of Laboratories Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Cynthia J. Curry
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Genetic Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, Ca, Fresno, Ca, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Anne Slavotinek
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Genetic Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, Ca, Fresno, Ca, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Maria Iascone
- grid.460094.f0000 0004 1757 8431Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Mohammad Reza Ahmadian
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Antonella Lauri
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen PW, Gasilina A, Yadav MP, Randazzo PA. Control of cell signaling by Arf GTPases and their regulators: Focus on links to cancer and other GTPase families. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1869:119171. [PMID: 34774605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) comprise a family of regulatory GTP binding proteins. The Arfs regulate membrane trafficking and cytoskeleton remodeling, processes critical for eukaryotes and which have been the focus of most studies on Arfs. A more limited literature describes a role in signaling and in integrating several signaling pathways to bring about specific cell behaviors. Here, we will highlight work describing function of Arf1, Arf6 and several effectors and regulators of Arfs in signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wen Chen
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, United States of America
| | - Anjelika Gasilina
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America(1); Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mukesh P Yadav
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Paul A Randazzo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yadegari H, Biswas A, Ahmed S, Naz A, Oldenburg J. von Willebrand factor propeptide missense variants affect anterograde transport to Golgi resulting in ER retention. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:731-744. [PMID: 33942438 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most prevalent congenital bleeding disorder, arises from a deficiency in von Willebrand factor (VWF), which has crucial roles in hemostasis. The present study investigated functional consequences and underlying pathomolecular mechanisms of several VWF propeptide (VWFpp) missense variants detected in our cohort of VWD patients for the first time. Transient expression experiments in HEK293T cells demonstrated that four out of the six investigated missense variants (p.Gly55Glu, p.Val86Glu, p.Trp191Arg, and p.Cys608Trp) severely impaired secretion. Their cotransfections with the wild-type partly corrected VWF secretion, displaying loss of large/intermediate multimers. Immunostaining of the transfected HEK293 cells illustrated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of the VWF variants. Docking of the COP I and COP II cargo recruitment proteins, ADP-ribosylation factor 1 and Sec24, onto the N-terminal VWF model (D1D2D'D3) revealed that these variants occur at VWFpp putative interfaces, which can hinder VWF loading at the ER exit quality control. Furthermore, quantitative and automated morphometric exploration of the three-dimensional immunofluorescence images showed changes in the number/size of the VWF storage organelles, Weibel-Palade body (WPB)-like vesicles. The result of this study highlighted the significance of the VWFpp variants on anterograde ER-Golgi trafficking of VWF as well as the biogenesis of WPB-like vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Yadegari
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Clinics Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arijit Biswas
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Clinics Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shariq Ahmed
- National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Arshi Naz
- National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Johannes Oldenburg
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Clinics Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Leal-Gutiérrez JD, Elzo MA, Carr C, Mateescu RG. RNA-seq analysis identifies cytoskeletal structural genes and pathways for meat quality in beef. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240895. [PMID: 33175867 PMCID: PMC7657496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has allowed for transcriptional profiling of biological systems through the identification of differentially expressed (DE) genes and pathways. A total of 80 steers with extreme phenotypes were selected from the University of Florida multibreed Angus-Brahman herd. The average slaughter age was 12.91±8.69 months. Tenderness, juiciness and connective tissue assessed by sensory panel, along with marbling, Warner-Bratzler Shear Force (WBSF) and cooking loss, were measured in longissimus dorsi muscle. Total RNA was extracted from muscle and one RNA-seq library per sample was constructed, multiplexed, and sequenced based on protocols by Illumina HiSeq-3000 platform to generate 2×101 bp paired-end reads. The overall read mapping rate using the Btau_4.6.1 reference genome was 63%. A total of 8,799 genes were analyzed using two different methodologies, an expression association and a DE analysis. A gene and exon expression association analysis was carried out using a meat quality index on all 80 samples as a continuous response variable. The expression of 208 genes and 3,280 exons from 1,565 genes was associated with the meat quality index (p-value ≤ 0.05). A gene and isoform DE evaluation was performed analyzing two groups with extreme WBSF, tenderness and marbling. A total of 676 (adjusted p-value≤0.05), 70 (adjusted p-value≤0.1) and 198 (adjusted p-value≤0.1) genes were DE for WBSF, tenderness and marbling, respectively. A total of 106 isoforms from 98 genes for WBSF, 13 isoforms from 13 genes for tenderness and 43 isoforms from 42 genes for marbling (FDR≤0.1) were DE. Cytoskeletal and transmembrane anchoring genes and pathways were identified in the expression association, DE and the gene enrichment analyses; these proteins can have a direct effect on meat quality. Cytoskeletal proteins and transmembrane anchoring molecules can influence meat quality by allowing cytoskeletal interaction with myocyte and organelle membranes, contributing to cytoskeletal structure and architecture maintenance postmortem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D. Leal-Gutiérrez
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mauricio A. Elzo
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Chad Carr
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Raluca G. Mateescu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Weeber F, Becher A, Seibold T, Seufferlein T, Eiseler T. Concerted regulation of actin polymerization during constitutive secretion by cortactin and PKD2. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.232355. [PMID: 31727638 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.232355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive secretion from the trans-Golgi-network (TGN) is facilitated by a concerted regulation of vesicle biogenesis and fission processes. The protein kinase D family (PKD) has been previously described to enhance vesicle fission by modifying the lipid environment. PKD also phosphorylates the actin regulatory protein cortactin at S298 to impair synergistic actin polymerization. We here report additional functions for PKD2 (also known as PRKD2) and cortactin in the regulation of actin polymerization during the fission of transport carriers from the TGN. Phosphorylation of cortactin at S298 impairs the interaction between WIP (also known as WIPF1) and cortactin. WIP stabilizes the autoinhibited conformation of N-WASP (also known as WASL). This leads to an inhibition of synergistic Arp2/3-complex-dependent actin polymerization at the TGN. PKD2 activity at the TGN is controlled by active CDC42-GTP which directly activates N-WASP, inhibits PKD2 and shifts the balance to non-S298-phosphorylated cortactin, which can in turn sequester WIP from N-WASP. Consequently, synergistic actin polymerization at the TGN and constitutive secretion are enhanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Weeber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Becher
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Seibold
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tim Eiseler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rosa LRO, Soares GM, Silveira LR, Boschero AC, Barbosa-Sampaio HCL. ARHGAP21 as a master regulator of multiple cellular processes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8477-8481. [PMID: 29856495 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The cellular cytoskeleton is involved with multiple biological processes and is tightly regulated by multiple proteins and effectors. Among these, the RhoGTPases family is one of the most important players. RhoGTPAses are, in turn, regulated by many other elements. In the past decade, one of those regulators, the RhoGAP Rho GTPase Activating Protein 21 (ARHGAP21), has been overlooked, despite being implied as having an important role on many of those processes. In this paper, we aimed to review the available literature regarding ARHGAP21 to highlight its importance and the mechanisms of action that have been found so far for this still unknown protein involved with cell adhesion, migration, Golgi regulation, cell trafficking, and even insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas R O Rosa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Soares
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena C L Barbosa-Sampaio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
MiR-199a Inhibits Secondary Envelopment of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Through the Downregulation of Cdc42-specific GTPase Activating Protein Localized in Golgi Apparatus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6650. [PMID: 28751779 PMCID: PMC5532371 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Because several studies have shown that exogenous miR-199a has antiviral effects against various viruses, including herpesviruses, we examined how miR-199a exerts its antiviral effects using epithelial tumour cell lines infected with herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). We found that both miR-199a-5p and -3p impair the secondary envelopment of HSV-1 by suppressing their common target, ARHGAP21, a Golgi-localized GTPase-activating protein for Cdc42. We further found that the trans-cisternae of the Golgi apparatus are a potential membrane compartment for secondary envelopment. Exogenous expression of either pre-miR-199a or sh-ARHGAP21 exhibited shared phenotypes i.e. alteration of Golgi function in uninfected cells, inhibition of HSV-1 secondary envelopment, and reduction of trans-Golgi proteins upon HSV-1 infection. A constitutively active form of Cdc42 also inhibited HSV-1 secondary envelopment. Endogenous levels of miR-199a in epithelial tumour cell lines were negatively correlated with the efficiency of HSV-1 secondary envelopment within these cells. These results suggest that miR-199a is a crucial regulator of Cdc42 activity on Golgi membranes, which is important for the maintenance of Golgi function and for the secondary envelopment of HSV-1 upon its infection.
Collapse
|
17
|
Rafiq NBM, Lieu ZZ, Jiang T, Yu CH, Matsudaira P, Jones GE, Bershadsky AD. Podosome assembly is controlled by the GTPase ARF1 and its nucleotide exchange factor ARNO. J Cell Biol 2016; 216:181-197. [PMID: 28007915 PMCID: PMC5223603 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201605104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podosomes represent a class of integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesions formed by migrating and matrix-degrading cells. We demonstrate that in macrophage-like THP1 cells and fibroblasts stimulated to produce podosomes, down-regulation of the G-protein ARF1 or the ARF1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, ARNO, by small, interfering RNA or pharmacological inhibitors led to striking podosome elimination. Concomitantly, treatments inducing podosome formation increased the level of guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound ARF1. ARNO was found to colocalize with the adhesive rings of podosomes, whereas ARF1 was localized to vesicular structures transiently contacting podosome rings. Inhibition of ARF1 led to an increase in RhoA-GTP levels and triggered assembly of myosin-IIA filaments in THP1 cells, whereas the suppression of myosin-IIA rescued podosome formation regardless of ARF1 inhibition. Finally, expression of constitutively active ARF1 in fibroblasts induced formation of putative podosome precursors: actin-rich puncta coinciding with matrix degradation sites and containing proteins of the podosome core but not of the adhesive ring. Thus, ARNO-ARF1 regulates formation of podosomes by inhibition of RhoA/myosin-II and promotion of actin core assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Bte Mohd Rafiq
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, England, UK
| | - Zi Zhao Lieu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Han Yu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Paul Matsudaira
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Gareth E Jones
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, England, UK
| | - Alexander D Bershadsky
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore .,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Membrane and Protein Interactions of the Pleckstrin Homology Domain Superfamily. MEMBRANES 2015; 5:646-63. [PMID: 26512702 PMCID: PMC4704004 DOI: 10.3390/membranes5040646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The human genome encodes about 285 proteins that contain at least one annotated pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. As the first phosphoinositide binding module domain to be discovered, the PH domain recruits diverse protein architectures to cellular membranes. PH domains constitute one of the largest protein superfamilies, and have diverged to regulate many different signaling proteins and modules such as Dbl homology (DH) and Tec homology (TH) domains. The ligands of approximately 70 PH domains have been validated by binding assays and complexed structures, allowing meaningful extrapolation across the entire superfamily. Here the Membrane Optimal Docking Area (MODA) program is used at a genome-wide level to identify all membrane docking PH structures and map their lipid-binding determinants. In addition to the linear sequence motifs which are employed for phosphoinositide recognition, the three dimensional structural features that allow peripheral membrane domains to approach and insert into the bilayer are pinpointed and can be predicted ab initio. The analysis shows that conserved structural surfaces distinguish which PH domains associate with membrane from those that do not. Moreover, the results indicate that lipid-binding PH domains can be classified into different functional subgroups based on the type of membrane insertion elements they project towards the bilayer.
Collapse
|
19
|
Identification of Laying-Related SNP Markers in Geese Using RAD Sequencing. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131572. [PMID: 26181055 PMCID: PMC4504669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Laying performance is an important economical trait of goose production. As laying performance is of low heritability, it is of significance to develop a marker-assisted selection (MAS) strategy for this trait. Definition of sequence variation related to the target trait is a prerequisite of quantitating MAS, but little is presently known about the goose genome, which greatly hinders the identification of genetic markers for the laying traits of geese. Recently developed restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing is a possible approach for discerning large-scale single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and reducing the complexity of a genome without having reference genomic information available. In the present study, we developed a pooled RAD sequencing strategy for detecting geese laying-related SNP. Two DNA pools were constructed, each consisting of equal amounts of genomic DNA from 10 individuals with either high estimated breeding value (HEBV) or low estimated breeding value (LEBV). A total of 139,013 SNP were obtained from 42,291,356 sequences, of which 18,771,943 were for LEBV and 23,519,413 were for HEBV cohorts. Fifty-five SNP which had different allelic frequencies in the two DNA pools were further validated by individual-based AS-PCR genotyping in the LEBV and HEBV cohorts. Ten out of 55 SNP exhibited distinct allele distributions in these two cohorts. These 10 SNP were further genotyped in a goose population of 492 geese to verify the association with egg numbers. The result showed that 8 of 10 SNP were associated with egg numbers. Additionally, liner regression analysis revealed that SNP Record-111407, 106975 and 112359 were involved in a multiplegene network affecting laying performance. We used IPCR to extend the unknown regions flanking the candidate RAD tags. The obtained sequences were subjected to BLAST to retrieve the orthologous genes in either ducks or chickens. Five novel genes were cloned for geese which harbored the candidate laying-related SNP, including membrane associated guanylate kinase (MAGI-1), KIAA1462, Rho GTPase activating protein 21 (ARHGAP21), acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2 (ACSF2), astrotactin 2 (ASTN2). Collectively, our data suggests that 8 SNP and 5 genes might be promising candidate markers or targets for marker-assisted selection of egg numbers in geese.
Collapse
|
20
|
Mott HR, Owen D. Structures of Ras superfamily effector complexes: What have we learnt in two decades? Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 50:85-133. [PMID: 25830673 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2014.999191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The Ras superfamily small G proteins are master regulators of a diverse range of cellular processes and act via downstream effector molecules. The first structure of a small G protein-effector complex, that of Rap1A with c-Raf1, was published 20 years ago. Since then, the structures of more than 60 small G proteins in complex with their effectors have been published. These effectors utilize a diverse array of structural motifs to interact with the G protein fold, which we have divided into four structural classes: intermolecular β-sheets, helical pairs, other interactions, and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. These classes and their representative structures are discussed and a contact analysis of the interactions is presented, which highlights the common effector-binding regions between and within the small G protein families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen R Mott
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ferreira SM, Santos GJ, Rezende LF, Gonçalves LM, Santos-Silva JC, Bigarella CL, Carneiro EM, Saad STO, Boschero AC, Barbosa-Sampaio HC. ARHGAP21 prevents abnormal insulin release through actin rearrangement in pancreatic islets from neonatal mice. Life Sci 2015; 127:53-8. [PMID: 25744409 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS ARHGAP21 is a Rho GTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP) that associates with many proteins and modulates several cellular functions, including actin cytoskeleton rearrangement in different tissues. However, it is unknown whether ARHGAP21 is expressed in pancreatic beta cells and its function in these cells. Herein, we assess the participation of ARHGAP21 in insulin secretion. MAIN METHODS Neonatal mice were treated with anti-sense oligonucleotide against ARHG AP21 (AS) for 2 days, resulting in a reduction of the protein's expression of about 60% in the islets. F-actin depolimerization, insulin secretion,mRNA level of genes involved in insulin secretion, maturation and proliferation were evaluated in islets from both control and AS-treated mice. KEY FINDINGS ARHGAP21 co-localized with actin inMIN6 beta cells and with insulin in neonatal pancreatic islets. F-actin was reduced in AS-islets, as judged by lower phalloidin intensity. Insulin secretion was increased in islets from AS-treated mice, however no differences were observed in the GSIS (glucose-stimulated insulin secretion). In these islets, the pERK1/2 was increased, as well as the gene expressions of VAMP2 and SNAP25, proteins that are present in the secretory machinery. Maturation and cell proliferation were not affected in islets from AS-treated mice. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, our data show, for the first time, that ARHGAP21 is expressed and participates in the secretory process of pancreatic beta cells. Its effect is probably via pERK1/2, which modulates the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton. ARHGAP21 also controls the expression of genes that encodes proteins of the secretory machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mara Ferreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Jorge Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Rezende
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Mateus Gonçalves
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Junia Carolina Santos-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Louzão Bigarella
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, Hematology and Hemotherapy Center - Hemocentro, INCT Sangue, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sara Teresinha Ollala Saad
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, Hematology and Hemotherapy Center - Hemocentro, INCT Sangue, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina Barbosa-Sampaio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Arf GTPases and their effectors: assembling multivalent membrane-binding platforms. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2014; 29:67-76. [PMID: 25460270 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Arf GTPases are major regulators of membrane traffic and organelle structure in eukaryotes where they recruit many different effectors, including components of vesicular coats, proteins that tether membranes, sort lipids or have diverse other functions in vesicular traffic, and bacterial proteins that divert Arf functions in host cells. A dozen of structures of unrelated effectors bound to Arf1, Arf6 or their close relative Arl1 are available, revealing that Arf GTPases do not recognize preferred structures in their effectors. In contrast, a trait common to many Arf/effector complexes is that they are juxtaposed to membranes by multiple protein/membrane contacts, yet of diverse sizes, shapes and physicochemistry. The common function of Arf GTPases thus appears to be their ability to assemble versatile, multivalent membrane-binding platforms, resulting in optimal orientation and allosteric regulation of their effectors leading to a plethora of membrane-localized functions.
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Z, Wang S, Shen T, Chen J, Ding J. Crystal structure of the Rab9A-RUTBC2 RBD complex reveals the molecular basis for the binding specificity of Rab9A with RUTBC2. Structure 2014; 22:1408-20. [PMID: 25220469 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Rab9 plays a vital role in regulating the transport of mannose 6-phosphate receptors from late endosomes to the trans-Golgi network through interactions with various effectors. Here, we report the crystal structure of GTP-bound Rab9A in complex with the Rab-binding domain (RBD) of the effector RUTBC2. RUTBC2 RBD assumes a pleckstrin homology domain fold that uses a binding site consisting of mainly β1 and the η1 insertion to interact with the switch and interswitch regions of Rab9A. The C-terminal hypervariable region of Rab9A is disordered and thus not required for RUTBC2 binding. The conformational plasticity of the switch and interswitch regions of Rab9A primarily determines the specificity for RUTBC2. Our biochemical and biological data confirm these findings and further show that Rab9B can bind to RUTBC2 probably in a similar manner as Rab9A. These results together reveal the molecular basis for the binding specificity of Rab9A with RUTBC2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiangye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jianping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
The Arf small G proteins regulate protein and lipid trafficking in eukaryotic cells through a regulated cycle of GTP binding and hydrolysis. In their GTP-bound form, Arf proteins recruit a specific set of protein effectors to the membrane surface. These effectors function in vesicle formation and tethering, non-vesicular lipid transport and cytoskeletal regulation. Beyond fundamental membrane trafficking roles, Arf proteins also regulate mitosis, plasma membrane signaling, cilary trafficking and lipid droplet function. Tight spatial and temporal regulation of the relatively small number of Arf proteins is achieved by their guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which catalyze GTP binding and hydrolysis, respectively. A unifying function of Arf proteins, performed in conjunction with their regulators and effectors, is sensing, modulating and transporting the lipids that make up cellular membranes. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we discuss the unique features of Arf small G proteins, their functions in vesicular and lipid trafficking in cells, and how these functions are modulated by their regulators, the GEFs and GAPs. We also discuss how these Arf functions are subverted by human pathogens and disease states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Jackson
- Membrane Dynamics and Intracellular Trafficking, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Samuel Bouvet
- Membrane Dynamics and Intracellular Trafficking, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schultz ML, Tecedor L, Stein CS, Stamnes MA, Davidson BL. CLN3 deficient cells display defects in the ARF1-Cdc42 pathway and actin-dependent events. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96647. [PMID: 24792215 PMCID: PMC4008583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Juvenile Batten disease (juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, JNCL) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in CLN3, a protein of undefined function. Cell lines derived from patients or mice with CLN3 deficiency have impairments in actin-regulated processes such as endocytosis, autophagy, vesicular trafficking, and cell migration. Here we demonstrate the small GTPase Cdc42 is misregulated in the absence of CLN3, and thus may be a common link to multiple cellular defects. We discover that active Cdc42 (Cdc42-GTP) is elevated in endothelial cells from CLN3 deficient mouse brain, and correlates with enhanced PAK-1 phosphorylation, LIMK membrane recruitment, and altered actin-driven events. We also demonstrate dramatically reduced plasma membrane recruitment of the Cdc42 GTPase activating protein, ARHGAP21. In line with this, GTP-loaded ARF1, an effector of ARHGAP21 recruitment, is depressed. Together these data implicate misregulated ARF1-Cdc42 signaling as a central defect in JNCL cells, which in-turn impairs various cell functions. Furthermore our findings support concerted action of ARF1, ARHGAP21, and Cdc42 to regulate fluid phase endocytosis in mammalian cells. The ARF1-Cdc42 pathway presents a promising new avenue for JNCL therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark L. Schultz
- Program of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Luis Tecedor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Colleen S. Stein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Stamnes
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Beverly L. Davidson
- Program of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu Y, Kahn RA, Prestegard JH. Interaction of Fapp1 with Arf1 and PI4P at a membrane surface: an example of coincidence detection. Structure 2014; 22:421-30. [PMID: 24462251 PMCID: PMC3951685 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Interactions among ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), various adaptor proteins, and membrane lipids are essential for intracellular vesicle transport of a variety of cellular materials. Here, we present nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based information on the nature of the interaction of yeast Arf1 (yArf1) and the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of four-phosphate-adaptor protein 1 (Fapp1) as it occurs at a model membrane surface. Interactions favor a model in which Fapp1 is partially embedded in the membrane and interacts with a membrane-associated Arf1 molecule primarily through contacts between residues in switch I of Arf1 and regions near and under the solution exposed C-terminal extension of the PH domain. The Arf1 binding site on Fapp1-PH is distinct from a positively charged phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) binding site. A structural model is constructed that supports coincidence detection of both activated ARF and PI4P as a mechanism facilitating Fapp1 recruitment to membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Liu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Richard A Kahn
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - James H Prestegard
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khan AR, Ménétrey J. Structural biology of Arf and Rab GTPases' effector recruitment and specificity. Structure 2014; 21:1284-97. [PMID: 23931141 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arf and Rab proteins, members of small GTPases superfamily, localize to specific subcellular compartments and regulate intracellular trafficking. To carry out their cellular functions, Arfs/Rabs interact with numerous and structurally diverse effector proteins. Over the years, a number of Arf/Rab:effector complexes have been crystallized and their structures reveal shared binding modes including α-helical packing, β-β complementation, and heterotetrameric assemblies. We review available structural information and provide a framework for in-depth analysis of complexes. The unifying features that we identify are organized into a classification scheme for different modes of Arf/Rab:effector interactions, which includes "all-α-helical," "mixed α-helical," "β-β zipping," and "bivalent" modes of binding. Additionally, we highlight structural determinants that are the basis of effector specificity. We conclude by expanding on functional implications that are emerging from available structural information under our proposed classification scheme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir R Khan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Miertzschke M, Koerner C, Spoerner M, Wittinghofer A. Structural insights into the small G-protein Arl13B and implications for Joubert syndrome. Biochem J 2014; 457:301-11. [PMID: 24168557 DOI: 10.1042/bj20131097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are human diseases arising from defects in primary or motile cilia. The small G-protein Arl13B (ADP-ribosylation factor-like 13B) localizes to microtubule doublets of the ciliary axoneme and is mutated in Joubert syndrome. Its GDP/GTP mechanistic cycle and the effect of its mutations in patients with Joubert syndrome remain elusive. In the present study we applied high resolution structural and biochemical approaches to study Arl13B. The crystal structure of Chlamydomonas rheinhardtii Arl13B, comprising the G-domain and part of its unique C-terminus, revealed an incomplete active site, and together with biochemical data the present study accounts for the absence of intrinsic GTP hydrolysis by this protein. The structure shows that the residues representing patient mutations R79Q and R200C are involved in stabilizing important intramolecular interactions. Our studies suggest that Arg79 is crucial for the GDP/GTP conformational change by stabilizing the large two-residue register shift typical for Arf (ADP-ribosylation factor) and Arl subfamily proteins. A corresponding mutation in Arl3 induces considerable defects in effector and GAP (GTPase-activating protein) binding, suggesting a loss of Arl13B function in patients with Joubert syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Miertzschke
- *Emeritus group A. Wittinghofer, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Physiology, BMZ, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carolin Koerner
- *Emeritus group A. Wittinghofer, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Physiology, BMZ, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Spoerner
- †Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alfred Wittinghofer
- *Emeritus group A. Wittinghofer, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Physiology, BMZ, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Structural basis for membrane recruitment and allosteric activation of cytohesin family Arf GTPase exchange factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:14213-8. [PMID: 23940353 PMCID: PMC3761562 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301883110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane recruitment of cytohesin family Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factors depends on interactions with phosphoinositides and active Arf GTPases that, in turn, relieve autoinhibition of the catalytic Sec7 domain through an unknown structural mechanism. Here, we show that Arf6-GTP relieves autoinhibition by binding to an allosteric site that includes the autoinhibitory elements in addition to the PH domain. The crystal structure of a cytohesin-3 construct encompassing the allosteric site in complex with the head group of phosphatidyl inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and N-terminally truncated Arf6-GTP reveals a large conformational rearrangement, whereby autoinhibition can be relieved by competitive sequestration of the autoinhibitory elements in grooves at the Arf6/PH domain interface. Disposition of the known membrane targeting determinants on a common surface is compatible with multivalent membrane docking and subsequent activation of Arf substrates, suggesting a plausible model through which membrane recruitment and allosteric activation could be structurally integrated.
Collapse
|
30
|
Egea G, Serra-Peinado C, Salcedo-Sicilia L, Gutiérrez-Martínez E. Actin acting at the Golgi. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 140:347-60. [PMID: 23807268 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1115-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The organization, assembly and remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton provide force and tracks for a variety of (endo)membrane-associated events such as membrane trafficking. This review illustrates in different cellular models how actin and many of its numerous binding and regulatory proteins (actin and co-workers) participate in the structural organization of the Golgi apparatus and in trafficking-associated processes such as sorting, biogenesis and motion of Golgi-derived transport carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Egea
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Small GTPases use GDP/GTP alternation to actuate a variety of functional switches that are pivotal for cell dynamics. The GTPase switch is turned on by GEFs, which stimulate dissociation of the tightly bound GDP, and turned off by GAPs, which accelerate the intrinsically sluggish hydrolysis of GTP. For Ras, Rho, and Rab GTPases, this switch incorporates a membrane/cytosol alternation regulated by GDIs and GDI-like proteins. The structures and core mechanisms of representative members of small GTPase regulators from most families have now been elucidated, illuminating their general traits combined with scores of unique features. Recent studies reveal that small GTPase regulators have themselves unexpectedly sophisticated regulatory mechanisms, by which they process cellular signals and build up specific cell responses. These mechanisms include multilayered autoinhibition with stepwise release, feedback loops mediated by the activated GTPase, feed-forward signaling flow between regulators and effectors, and a phosphorylation code for RhoGDIs. The flipside of these highly integrated functions is that they make small GTPase regulators susceptible to biochemical abnormalities that are directly correlated with diseases, notably a striking number of missense mutations in congenital diseases, and susceptible to bacterial mimics of GEFs, GAPs, and GDIs that take command of small GTPases in infections. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge of these many facets of small GTPase regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Cherfils
- Laboratoire d’Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre deRecherche de Gif, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Richardson BC, Fromme JC. Autoregulation of Sec7 Arf-GEF activity and localization by positive feedback. Small GTPases 2012; 3:240-3. [PMID: 22996016 PMCID: PMC3520889 DOI: 10.4161/sgtp.21828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the highly conserved Arf family of small GTPases serve as master regulators of vesicular transport. In yeast, Arf1 acts at the Golgi and trans-Golgi network (TGN) to recruit vesicular coat proteins and other effectors for both anterograde and retrograde transport. Arf1 is activated at the TGN by Sec7, the founding member of the Sec7 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and a close homolog of the human ARFGEF2 implicated in congenital defects in cerebral cortex development. Through the use of purified Sec7 in biochemical assays, we recently discovered that autoinhibition of Sec7 is relieved by stable recruitment to lipid membranes by activated Arf1. This interaction is mediated by a conserved domain proximal to, but not including, the GEF domain, creating a positive feedback loop in the activation of Arf1 at the TGN. We further demonstrated that this stable interaction with Arf1 plays a role in localizing Sec7 to the TGN. We elaborate here on the implications of these results to small GTPase-mediated cellular processes and coincidence detection models of GEF localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Richardson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hu SH, Whitten AE, King GJ, Jones A, Rowland AF, James DE, Martin JL. The weak complex between RhoGAP protein ARHGAP22 and signal regulatory protein 14-3-3 has 1:2 stoichiometry and a single peptide binding mode. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41731. [PMID: 22952583 PMCID: PMC3429473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ARHGAP22 is a RhoGAP protein comprising an N-terminal PH domain, a RhoGAP domain and a C-terminal coiled-coil domain. It has recently been identified as an Akt substrate that binds 14-3-3 proteins in response to treatment with growth factors involved in cell migration. We used a range of biophysical techniques to investigate the weak interaction between 14-3-3 and a truncated form of ARHGAP22 lacking the coiled-coil domain. This weak interaction could be stabilized by chemical cross-linking which we used to show that: a monomer of ARHGAP22 binds a dimer of 14-3-3; the ARHGAP22 PH domain is required for the 14-3-3 interaction; the RhoGAP domain is unlikely to participate in the interaction; Ser16 is the more important of two predicted 14-3-3 binding sites; and, phosphorylation of Ser16 may not be necessary for 14-3-3 interaction under the conditions we used. Small angle X-ray scattering and cross-link information were used to generate solution structures of the isolated proteins and of the cross-linked ARHGAP22:14-3-3 complex, showing that no major rearrangement occurs in either protein upon binding, and supporting a role for the PH domain and N-terminal peptide of ARHGAP22 in the 14-3-3 interaction. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements of mixtures of ARHGAP22 and 14-3-3 were used to establish that the affinity of the interaction is ∼30 µM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hong Hu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew E. Whitten
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gordon J. King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alun Jones
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alexander F. Rowland
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David E. James
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer L. Martin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Brefeldin A-inhibited ADP-ribosylation factor activator BIG2 regulates cell migration via integrin β1 cycling and actin remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:14464-9. [PMID: 22908276 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1211877109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG)2 activates ADP-ribosylation factors, ∼20-kDa GTPase proteins critical for continuity of intracellular vesicular trafficking by accelerating the replacement of ADP-ribosylation factor-bound GDP with GTP. Mechanisms of additional BIG2 function(s) are less clear. Here, the participation of BIG2 in integrin β1 cycling through actin dynamics during cell migration was identified using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and difference gel electrophoresis analyses. After a 72-h incubation with BIG2 siRNA, levels of cytosolic Arp2, Arp3, cofilin-1, phosphocofilin, vinculin, and Grb2, known to be involved in the effects of integrin β1-extracellular matrix interactions on actin function and cell translocation, were increased. Treatment of HeLa cells with BIG2 siRNA resulted in perinuclear accumulation of integrin β1 and its delayed return to the cell surface. Motility of BIG2-depleted cells was simultaneously decreased, as were actin-based membrane protrusions and accumulations of Arp2, Arp3, cofilin, and phosphocofilin at the leading edges of migrating cells, in wound-healing assays. Taken together, these data reveal a mechanism(s) through which BIG2 may coordinate actin cytoskeleton mechanics and membrane traffic in cell migration via integrin β1 action and actin functions.
Collapse
|
35
|
Raimondi F, Felline A, Portella G, Orozco M, Fanelli F. Light on the structural communication in Ras GTPases. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2012; 31:142-57. [PMID: 22849539 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2012.698379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The graph theory was combined with fluctuation dynamics to investigate the structural communication in four small G proteins, Arf1, H-Ras, RhoA, and Sec4. The topology of small GTPases is such that it requires the presence of the nucleotide to acquire a persistent structural network. The majority of communication paths involves the nucleotide and does not exist in the unbound forms. The latter are almost devoid of high-frequency paths. Thus, small Ras GTPases acquire the ability to transfer signals in the presence of nucleotide, suggesting that it modifies the intrinsic dynamics of the protein through the establishment of regions of hyperlinked nodes with high occurrence of correlated motions. The analysis of communication paths in the inactive (S(GDP)) and active (S(GTP)) states of the four G proteins strengthened the separation of the Ras-like domain into two dynamically distinct lobes, i.e. lobes 1 and 2, representing, respectively, the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of the domain. In the framework of this separation, interfunctional states and interfamily differences could be inferred. The structure network undergoes a reshaping depending on the bound nucleotide. Nucleotide-dependent divergences in structural communication reach the maximum in Arf1 and the minimum in RhoA. In Arf1, the nucleotide-dependent paths essentially express a communication between the G box 4 (G4) and distal portions of lobe 1. In the S(GDP) state, the G4 communicates with the N-term, while, in the S(GTP) state, the G4 communicates with the switch II. Clear differences could be also found between Arf1 and the other three G proteins. In Arf1, the nucleotide tends to communicate with distal portions of lobe 1, whereas in H-Ras, RhoA, and Sec4 it tends to communicate with a cluster of aromatic/hydrophobic amino acids in lobe 2. These differences may be linked, at least in part, to the divergent membrane anchoring modes that would involve the N-term for the Arf family and the C-term for the Rab/Ras/Rho families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Raimondi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Makyio H, Ohgi M, Takei T, Takahashi S, Takatsu H, Katoh Y, Hanai A, Ueda T, Kanaho Y, Xie Y, Shin HW, Kamikubo H, Kataoka M, Kawasaki M, Kato R, Wakatsuki S, Nakayama K. Structural basis for Arf6-MKLP1 complex formation on the Flemming body responsible for cytokinesis. EMBO J 2012; 31:2590-603. [PMID: 22522702 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2012.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A small GTPase, Arf6, is involved in cytokinesis by localizing to the Flemming body (the midbody). However, it remains unknown how Arf6 contributes to cytokinesis. Here, we demonstrate that Arf6 directly interacts with mitotic kinesin-like protein 1 (MKLP1), a Flemming body-localizing protein essential for cytokinesis. The crystal structure of the Arf6-MKLP1 complex reveals that MKLP1 forms a homodimer flanked by two Arf6 molecules, forming a 2:2 heterotetramer containing an extended β-sheet composed of 22 β-strands that spans the entire heterotetramer, suitable for interaction with a concave membrane surface at the cleavage furrow. We show that, during cytokinesis, Arf6 is first accumulated around the cleavage furrow and, prior to abscission, recruited onto the Flemming body via interaction with MKLP1. We also show by structure-based mutagenesis and siRNA-mediated knockdowns that the complex formation is required for completion of cytokinesis. A model based on these results suggests that the Arf6-MKLP1 complex plays a crucial role in cytokinesis by connecting the microtubule bundle and membranes at the cleavage plane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisayoshi Makyio
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Vangone A, Oliva R, Cavallo L. CONS-COCOMAPS: a novel tool to measure and visualize the conservation of inter-residue contacts in multiple docking solutions. BMC Bioinformatics 2012; 13 Suppl 4:S19. [PMID: 22536965 PMCID: PMC3434444 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-13-s4-s19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of accurate protein-protein docking programs is making this kind of simulations an effective tool to predict the 3D structure and the surface of interaction between the molecular partners in macromolecular complexes. However, correctly scoring multiple docking solutions is still an open problem. As a consequence, the accurate and tedious screening of many docking models is usually required in the analysis step. Methods All the programs under CONS-COCOMAPS have been written in python, taking advantage of python libraries such as SciPy and Matplotlib. CONS-COCOMAPS is freely available as a web tool at the URL: http://www.molnac.unisa.it/BioTools/conscocomaps/. Results Here we presented CONS-COCOMAPS, a novel tool to easily measure and visualize the consensus in multiple docking solutions. CONS-COCOMAPS uses the conservation of inter-residue contacts as an estimate of the similarity between different docking solutions. To visualize the conservation, CONS-COCOMAPS uses intermolecular contact maps. Conclusions The application of CONS-COCOMAPS to test-cases taken from recent CAPRI rounds has shown that it is very efficient in highlighting even a very weak consensus that often is biologically meaningful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vangone
- Department of Applied Sciences, University Parthenope of Naples, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, Naples, 80143, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang S, Li H, Chen Y, Wei H, Gao GF, Liu H, Huang S, Chen JL. Transport of influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) to host cell surface is regulated by ARHGAP21 and Cdc42 proteins. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:9804-9816. [PMID: 22318733 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.312959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) is transported to the virus assembly site at the plasma membrane and is a major viral envelope component that plays a critical role in the release of progeny virions and in determination of host range restriction. However, little is known about the host factors that are involved in regulating the intracellular and cell surface transport of NA. Here we identified the Cdc42-specific GAP, ARHGAP21 differentially expressed in host cells infected with influenza A virus using cDNA microarray analysis. Furthermore, we have investigated the involvement of Rho family GTPases in NA transport to the cell surface. We found that expression of constitutively active or inactive mutants of RhoA or Rac1 did not significantly affect the amount of NA that reached the cell surface. However, expression of constitutively active Cdc42 or depletion of ARHGAP21 promoted the transport of NA to the plasma membranes. By contrast, cells expressing shRNA targeting Cdc42 or overexpressing ARHGAP21 exhibited a significant decrease in the amount of cell surface-localized NA. Importantly, silencing Cdc42 reduced influenza A virus replication, whereas silencing ARHGAP21 increased the virus replication. Together, our results reveal that ARHGAP21- and Cdc42-based signaling regulates the NA transport and thereby impacts virus replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hua Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China,; College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, and
| | - Yuhai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Haitao Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongqiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130
| | - Ji-Long Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China,.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Christis C, Munro S. The small G protein Arl1 directs the trans-Golgi-specific targeting of the Arf1 exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 196:327-35. [PMID: 22291037 PMCID: PMC3275380 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201107115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Specificity in Arf1 GEF recruitment to the trans-Golgi, and thus in localized Arf1 activation, is provided by an Arf-like G protein. The small G protein Arf1 regulates Golgi traffic and is activated by two related types of guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). GBF1 acts at the cis-Golgi, whereas BIG1 and its close paralog BIG2 act at the trans-Golgi. Peripheral membrane proteins such as these GEFs are often recruited to membranes by small G proteins, but the basis for specific recruitment of Arf GEFs, and hence Arfs, to Golgi membranes is not understood. In this paper, we report a liposome-based affinity purification method to identify effectors for small G proteins of the Arf family. We validate this with the Drosophila melanogaster Arf1 orthologue (Arf79F) and the related class II Arf (Arf102F), which showed a similar pattern of effector binding. Applying the method to the Arf-like G protein Arl1, we found that it binds directly to Sec71, the Drosophila ortholog of BIG1 and BIG2, via an N-terminal region. We show that in mammalian cells, Arl1 is necessary for Golgi recruitment of BIG1 and BIG2 but not GBF1. Thus, Arl1 acts to direct a trans-Golgi–specific Arf1 GEF, and hence active Arf1, to the trans side of the Golgi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Christis
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Montagnac G, de Forges H, Smythe E, Gueudry C, Romao M, Salamero J, Chavrier P. Decoupling of activation and effector binding underlies ARF6 priming of fast endocytic recycling. Curr Biol 2011; 21:574-9. [PMID: 21439824 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2011.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The small GTP-binding protein ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) controls the endocytic recycling pathway of several plasma membrane receptors. We analyzed the localization and GDP/GTP cycle of GFP-tagged ARF6 by total internal reflection fluorescent microscopy. We found that ARF6-GFP associates with clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) at the plasma membrane in a GTP-dependent manner in a mechanism requiring the adaptor protein complex AP-2. In CCP, GTP-ARF6 mediates the recruitment of the ARF-binding domain of downstream effectors including JNK-interacting proteins 3 and 4 (JIP3 and JIP4) after the burst recruitment of the clathrin uncoating component auxilin. ARF6 does not contribute to receptor-mediated clathrin-dependent endocytosis. In contrast, we found that interaction of ARF6 and JIPs on endocytic vesicles is required for trafficking of the transferrin receptor in the fast, microtubule-dependent endocytic recycling pathway. Our findings unravel a novel mechanism of separation of ARF6 activation and effector function, ensuring that fast recycling may be determined at the level of receptor incorporation into CCPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Montagnac
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, CNRS, UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
He J, Scott JL, Heroux A, Roy S, Lenoir M, Overduin M, Stahelin RV, Kutateladze TG. Molecular basis of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and ARF1 GTPase recognition by the FAPP1 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:18650-7. [PMID: 21454700 PMCID: PMC3099681 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.233015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Four-phosphate-adaptor protein 1 (FAPP1) regulates secretory transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the plasma membrane. FAPP1 is recruited to the Golgi through binding of its pleckstrin homology (PH) domain to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) and a small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1). Despite the critical role of FAPP1 in membrane trafficking, the molecular basis of its dual function remains unclear. Here, we report a 1.9 Å resolution crystal structure of the FAPP1 PH domain and detail the molecular mechanisms of the PtdIns(4)P and ARF1 recognition. The FAPP1 PH domain folds into a seven-stranded β-barrel capped by an α-helix at one edge, whereas the opposite edge is flanked by three loops and the β4 and β7 strands that form a lipid-binding pocket within the β-barrel. The ARF1-binding site is located on the outer side of the β-barrel as determined by NMR resonance perturbation analysis, mutagenesis, and measurements of binding affinities. The two binding sites have little overlap, allowing FAPP1 PH to associate with both ligands simultaneously and independently. Binding to PtdIns(4)P is enhanced in an acidic environment and is required for membrane penetration and tubulation activity of FAPP1, whereas the GTP-bound conformation of the GTPase is necessary for the interaction with ARF1. Together, these findings provide structural and biochemical insight into the multivalent membrane anchoring by the PH domain that may augment affinity and selectivity of FAPP1 toward the TGN membranes enriched in both PtdIns(4)P and GTP-bound ARF1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju He
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Jordan L. Scott
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Walther Center for Cancer Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Annie Heroux
- the Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and
| | - Siddhartha Roy
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Marc Lenoir
- the School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Overduin
- the School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert V. Stahelin
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Walther Center for Cancer Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana 46617
| | - Tatiana G. Kutateladze
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chavrier P, Ménétrey J. Toward a structural understanding of arf family:effector specificity. Structure 2011; 18:1552-8. [PMID: 21134634 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Arf family proteins are critical regulators of intracellular trafficking and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. To carry out their cellular functions, Arf family proteins interact with various effectors that differ in nature and structure. Understanding how these proteins interact with structurally different partners and are distinguished by specific effectors while being closely related requires a structural characterization and comparison of the various Arf family:effector complexes. Recent structural reports of Arf and Arl proteins in complex with different downstream effectors shed new light on general and specific structural recognition determinants characteristic of Arf family proteins.
Collapse
|
43
|
Fleishman SJ, Corn JE, Strauch EM, Whitehead TA, Andre I, Thompson J, Havranek JJ, Das R, Bradley P, Baker D. Rosetta in CAPRI rounds 13-19. Proteins 2011; 78:3212-8. [PMID: 20597089 PMCID: PMC2952713 DOI: 10.1002/prot.22784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Modeling the conformational changes that occur on binding of macromolecules is an unsolved challenge. In previous rounds of the Critical Assessment of PRediction of Interactions (CAPRI), it was demonstrated that the Rosetta approach to macromolecular modeling could capture side chain conformational changes on binding with high accuracy. In rounds 13-19 we tested the ability of various backbone remodeling strategies to capture the main-chain conformational changes observed during binding events. These approaches span a wide range of backbone motions, from limited refinement of loops to relieve clashes in homologous docking, through extensive remodeling of loop segments, to large-scale remodeling of RNA. Although the results are encouraging, major improvements in sampling and energy evaluation are clearly required for consistent high accuracy modeling. Analysis of our failures in the CAPRI challenges suggest that conformational sampling at the termini of exposed beta strands is a particularly pressing area for improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarel J Fleishman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Itzen A, Goody RS. GTPases involved in vesicular trafficking: Structures and mechanisms. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2011; 22:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
45
|
β-Arrestin 1 inhibits the GTPase-activating protein function of ARHGAP21, promoting activation of RhoA following angiotensin II type 1A receptor stimulation. Mol Cell Biol 2010; 31:1066-75. [PMID: 21173159 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00883-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the small GTPase RhoA following angiotensin II stimulation is known to result in actin reorganization and stress fiber formation. Full activation of RhoA, by angiotensin II, depends on the scaffolding protein β-arrestin 1, although the mechanism behind its involvement remains elusive. Here we uncover a novel partner and function for β-arrestin 1, namely, in binding to ARHGAP21 (also known as ARHGAP10), a known effector of RhoA activity, whose GTPase-activating protein (GAP) function it inhibits. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, a peptide array, in vitro binding studies, truncation analyses, and coimmunoprecipitation techniques, we show that β-arrestin 1 binds directly to ARHGAP21 in a region that transects the RhoA effector GAP domain. Moreover, we show that the level of a complex containing β-arrestin 1 and ARHGAP21 is dynamically increased following angiotensin stimulation and that the kinetics of this interaction modulates the temporal activation of RhoA. Using information gleaned from a peptide array, we developed a cell-permeant peptide that serves to inhibit the interaction of these proteins. Using this peptide, we demonstrate that disruption of the β-arrestin 1/ARHGAP21 complex results in a more active ARHGAP21, leading to less-efficient signaling via the angiotensin II type 1A receptor and, thereby, attenuation of stimulated stress fiber formation.
Collapse
|
46
|
Stalder D, Barelli H, Gautier R, Macia E, Jackson CL, Antonny B. Kinetic studies of the Arf activator Arno on model membranes in the presence of Arf effectors suggest control by a positive feedback loop. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:3873-83. [PMID: 21118813 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.145532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the cytohesin/Arno/Grp1 family of Arf activators are positive regulators of the insulin-signaling pathway and control various remodeling events at the plasma membrane. Arno has a catalytic Sec7 domain, which promotes GDP to GTP exchange on Arf, followed by a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Previous studies have revealed two functions of the PH domain: inhibition of the Sec7 domain and membrane targeting. Interestingly, the Arno PH domain interacts not only with a phosphoinositide (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate) but also with an activating Arf family member, such as Arf6 or Arl4. Using the full-length membrane-bound forms of Arf1 and Arf6 instead of soluble forms, we show here that the membrane environment dramatically affects the mechanism of Arno activation. First, Arf6-GTP stimulates Arno at nanomolar concentrations on liposomes compared with micromolar concentrations in solution. Second, mutations in the PH domain that abolish interaction with Arf6-GTP render Arno completely inactive when exchange reactions are reconstituted on liposomes but have no effect on Arno activity in solution. Third, Arno is activated by its own product Arf1-GTP in addition to a distinct activating Arf isoform. Consequently, Arno activity is strongly modulated by competition with Arf effectors. These results show that Arno behaves as a bistable switch, having an absolute requirement for activation by an Arf protein but, once triggered, becoming highly active through the positive feedback effect of Arf1-GTP. This property of Arno might provide an explanation for its function in signaling pathways that, once triggered, must move forward decisively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danièle Stalder
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis et CNRS, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cook WJ, Smith CD, Senkovich O, Holder AA, Chattopadhyay D. Structure of Plasmodium falciparum ADP-ribosylation factor 1. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2010; 66:1426-31. [PMID: 21045287 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309110036997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular trafficking may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and survival of the malaria parasite. ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are among the major components of vesicular trafficking pathways in eukaryotes. The crystal structure of ARF1 GTPase from Plasmodium falciparum has been determined in the GDP-bound conformation at 2.5 Å resolution and is compared with the structures of mammalian ARF1s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J Cook
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lensink MF, Wodak SJ. Blind predictions of protein interfaces by docking calculations in CAPRI. Proteins 2010; 78:3085-95. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.22850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
49
|
Liu Y, Kahn RA, Prestegard JH. Dynamic structure of membrane-anchored Arf*GTP. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2010; 17:876-81. [PMID: 20601958 PMCID: PMC2921649 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Arfs (ADP ribosylation factors) are N-myristoylated GTP/GDP switch proteins playing key regulatory roles in vesicle transport in eukaryotic cells. ARFs execute their roles by anchoring to membrane surfaces where they interact with other proteins to initiate budding and maturation of transport vesicles. However, existing structures of Arf•GTP are limited to non-myristoylated and truncated forms with impaired membrane binding. We report a high resolution NMR structure for full-length myristoylated yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Arf1 in complex with a membrane mimic. The two domain structure, in which the myristoylated N-terminal helix is separated from the C-terminal domain by a flexible linker, suggests a level of adaptability in binding modes for the myriad of proteins with which Arf interacts, and allows predictions of specific lipid binding sites on some of these proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Liu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying cytoskeleton-dependent Golgi positioning are poorly understood. In mammalian cells, the Golgi apparatus is localized near the juxtanuclear centrosome via dynein-mediated motility along microtubules. Previous studies implicate Cdc42 in regulating dynein-dependent motility. Here we show that reduced expression of the Cdc42-specific GTPase-activating protein, ARHGAP21, inhibits the ability of dispersed Golgi membranes to reposition at the centrosome following nocodazole treatment and washout. Cdc42 regulation of Golgi positioning appears to involve ARF1 and a binding interaction with the vesicle-coat protein coatomer. We tested whether Cdc42 directly affects motility, as opposed to the formation of a trafficking intermediate, using a Golgi capture and motility assay in permeabilized cells. Disrupting Cdc42 activation or the coatomer/Cdc42 binding interaction stimulated Golgi motility. The coatomer/Cdc42-sensitive motility was blocked by the addition of an inhibitory dynein antibody. Together, our results reveal that dynein and microtubule-dependent Golgi positioning is regulated by ARF1-, coatomer-, and ARHGAP21-dependent Cdc42 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Hehnly
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|