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Courault P, Bouvard S, Bouillot C, Bolbos R, Zeinyeh W, Iecker T, Liger F, Billard T, Zimmer L, Chauveau F, Lancelot S. Perspectives on obesity imaging: [ 18F]2FNQ1P a specific 5-HT 6 brain PET radiotracer. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01644-x. [PMID: 39375529 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimates suggest that approximatively 25% of the world population will be overweight in 2025. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity will help to develop future therapeutics. Serotonin subtype 6 receptors (5-HT6) have been shown to be critically involved in appetite reduction and weight loss. However, it is not known if the pathological cascade triggered by obesity modifies the density of 5-HT6 receptors in the brain. METHODS Influence of diet-induced obesity (DIO) in Wistar rats was explored using MRI (whole-body fat) and PET ([18F]2FNQ1P as a specific 5-HT6 radiotracer). The primary goal was to monitor the 5-HT6 receptor density before and after a 10-week diet (DIO group). The secondary goal was to compare 5-HT6 receptor densities between DIO group, Wistar control diet group, Zucker rats (with genetic obesity) and Zucker lean strain rats. RESULTS Wistar rats fed with high-fat diet showed higher body fat gain than Wistar control diet rats on MRI. [18F]2FNQ1P PET analysis highlighted significant clusters of voxels (located in hippocampus, striatum, cingulate, temporal cortex and brainstem) with increased binding after high-fat diet (p < 0.05, FWE corrected). CONCLUSION This study sheds a new light on the influence of high-fat diet on 5-HT6 receptors. This study also positions [18F]2FNQ1P PET as an innovative tool to explore neuronal consequences of obesity or eating disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Courault
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
- Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France.
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France.
| | - Sandrine Bouvard
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Radu Bolbos
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France
| | - Waël Zeinyeh
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France
| | - Thibaut Iecker
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France
| | - François Liger
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS), Université de Lyon, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Luc Zimmer
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France
- National Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology (INSTN), CEA, Saclay, France
| | - Fabien Chauveau
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Lancelot
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Bron, France
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Björkman S, Höskuldsdóttir G, Mossberg K, Laurenius A, Engström M, Fändriks L, Eliasson B, Wallengren O, Larsson I. Impact of eating behavior on 24-month weight change after treatment of severe obesity-A clinical prospective cohort study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024. [PMID: 39370375 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of self-reported baseline eating behaviors on 24-month weight change in adults with severe obesity. METHODS A prospective, nonrandomized clinical cohort study on surgical and medical obesity treatment included 971 adults (75% women) with a mean BMI of 42.0 (SD 4.9) kg/m2. To assess baseline eating behaviors and binge eating disorder, the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire were used. RESULTS In analyses adjusted for treatment, age, sex, baseline weight, and BMI, those with nocturnal eating lost less weight (3.5 kg [95% CI: 0.02-6.9]; p < 0.05) at 24 months compared to those without nocturnal eating. Binge eating disorder was not significantly associated with weight loss over 24 months. Emotional eating was associated with less weight loss at 12 months: 1.16 kg per z score (95% CI: 0.37-1.95; p < 0.05). Compared with completers, dropout from medical obesity treatment was associated with emotional and uncontrolled eating at baseline (both p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The association between pretreatment eating behaviors and weight change was found to be generalizable and not restricted to any specific treatment. Certain eating behaviors may affect weight loss as well as attrition. Identifying eating behaviors that may impair treatment efficacy are suggested in the treatment of severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Björkman
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gudrún Höskuldsdóttir
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Mossberg
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Laurenius
- Department of Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - My Engström
- Department of Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Fändriks
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Eliasson
- Department of Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Wallengren
- Department of Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Larsson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lam A, Piya MK, Foroughi N, Mohsin M, Chimoriya R, Kormas N, Conti J, Hay P. Predictors of Mental Health Outcomes in a Multidisciplinary Weight Management Program for Class 3 Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1068. [PMID: 38613100 PMCID: PMC11013199 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the potential predictors of improvement in mental health outcomes following participation in an intensive non-surgical outpatient weight management program (WMP) in an Australian public hospital. This was a retrospective cohort study of all adults with Class 3 obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) who enrolled in the WMP from March 2018 to June 2021. The participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Version (EDE-QS), Kessler-10 Psychological Distress Scale, and 36-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-36) at baseline and 12-month follow-up. A total of 115 patients completed 12 months in the WMP and were included in the study, with 76.5% being female, a mean ± SD age at baseline of 51.3 ± 13.8 years, a weight of 146 ± 26 kg, and a BMI of 51.1 ± 8.6 kg/m2. The participants lost an average of 8.6 ± 0.2 kg over 12 months, and greater weight loss at follow-up was significantly associated with improved global EDE-QS scores, psychological distress, and improved mental health quality of life. However, improvements in most mental health outcomes were not predicted by weight loss alone. Notably, a lower eating disorder risk at baseline was associated with less psychological distress at follow-up and greater weight loss at follow-up. Our results also found an association between reduced psychological distress and reduced binge eating frequency. These findings support the inclusion components of obesity interventions that target the psychological correlates of obesity to support improved outcomes in people with Class 3 obesity. Future studies should aim to identify which aspects of the WMP helped improve people's psychological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Lam
- School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2560, Australia;
| | - Milan K. Piya
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (M.K.P.); (N.F.); (R.C.)
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia;
| | - Nasim Foroughi
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (M.K.P.); (N.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Mohammed Mohsin
- Mental Health Research and Teaching Unit, Liverpool Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Liverpool, NSW 1871, Australia;
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ritesh Chimoriya
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (M.K.P.); (N.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Nic Kormas
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia;
| | - Janet Conti
- School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2560, Australia;
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (M.K.P.); (N.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (M.K.P.); (N.F.); (R.C.)
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia;
- Mental Health Research and Teaching Unit, Liverpool Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Liverpool, NSW 1871, Australia;
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Samara MT, Michou N, Lappas AS, Argyrou A, Mathioudaki E, Bakaloudi DR, Tsekitsidi E, Polyzopoulou ZA, Christodoulou N, Papazisis G, Chourdakis M. Is cognitive behavioral therapy more effective than pharmacotherapy for binge spectrum disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2024; 58:308-319. [PMID: 38179705 DOI: 10.1177/00048674231219593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Binge spectrum disorders are prevalent worldwide. Psychiatric and medical comorbidities are common, and societal costs are significant. Evidence-based treatment remains underutilized. Cognitive behavioral therapy is the recommended first-line treatment, but pharmacotherapy may be easier to access. INTERVENTIONS Meta-analytic evidence directly comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with pharmacotherapy is lacking. We aimed to compare the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy interventions with any pharmacological treatment for binge spectrum disorders. We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and reference lists for randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with any pharmacotherapy for bulimia nervosa/binge eating disorder and performed pairwise meta-analytic evaluations. PRIMARY OUTCOMES Primary outcomes are remission and frequency of binges. Secondary outcomes are frequency of purges, response, eating disorder psychopathology, weight/body mass index, depression, anxiety, quality of life and dropouts. RESULTS Eleven randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with fluoxetine/imipramine/desipramine/methylphenidate/sibutramine were identified (N = 531). Cognitive behavioral therapy was superior to antidepressants in terms of remission, frequency of binges and eating disorder psychopathology. There were no statistically significant differences for any of the individual cognitive behavioral therapy vs drug comparisons in terms of response/depression/anxiety/weight/quality of life/dropouts. Cognitive behavioral therapy was not superior to sibutramine/methylphenidate for the primary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Data are scarce, comparisons underpowered and, considering the inherent methodological limitations of psychotherapy trials, questions arise regarding the presumed superiority of cognitive behavioral therapy. Further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto T Samara
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Niki Michou
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas S Lappas
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
- Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales, UK
| | - Aikaterini Argyrou
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elissavet Mathioudaki
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eirini Tsekitsidi
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoi A Polyzopoulou
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece
| | - Nikos Christodoulou
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios Papazisis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Joshi V, Graziani P, Del-Monte J. Interoceptive sensibility, intuitive eating, binge, and disordered eating behavior among individuals with obesity: A comparative study with the general population. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241237900. [PMID: 38532256 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241237900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the links between interoceptive sensibility, binge, disordered (emotional, restrained, and external) and intuitive eating among individuals with obesity (n = 57) and normal weight (n = 29). Individuals with obesity presented lower "attention regulation," "body-listening," and "trusting" interoceptive dimensions. When age was controlled, group differences on "trusting" remained significant. Individuals with obesity showed lower intuitive eating, higher emotional, and binge eating compared to controls. Higher "body listening," "eating for physical rather than emotional reasons," and "reliance on hunger and satiety cues" predicted lower binge eating whereas "external eating" predicted higher binge eating among individuals with obesity. Eating for physical reasons and reliance on hunger and satiety had protective mediating roles in the relationship between external and binge eating in both groups. Interoceptive sensibility and intuitive eating should conjointly serve as psychotherapeutic targets for disordered eating, obesity, and weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrutti Joshi
- Université de Nîmes, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, France
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Zhang M, Thieux M, Arvis L, Lin JS, Guyon A, Plancoulaine S, Villanueva C, Franco P. Metabolic disturbances in children with narcolepsy: a retrospective study. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad076. [PMID: 36971181 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children with narcolepsy and to evaluate their clinical and sleep characteristics according to the different components of MS. METHODS This retrospective study consisted of 58 de novo children with narcolepsy (median age: 12.7 years, 48.3% of boys). The recently published MS criteria in a French population of children were used. Clinical and sleep characteristics were compared between groups with different components of MS. RESULTS MS was present in 17.2% of children with narcolepsy, among whom 79.3% presented with high homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), 25.9% with high body mass index, 24.1% with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and 12.1% with high triglycerides. Patients with at least two MS components had more night eating behaviors and tended to have lower percentage of slow-wave sleep and more fragmented sleep. On multiple sleep latency test, they had shorter mean sleep latencies to rapid eye movement (REM), non-REM sleep and tended to have more sleep onset REM periods (SOREMPs) than those with less than two MS components. CONCLUSIONS Insulin resistance was found to be the core metabolic disturbance in obese as well as in nonobese children with narcolepsy. Children with narcolepsy with at least two MS components presented a more severe daytime sleepiness and a higher prevalence of night-eating behaviors than those with less than two MS components. Such children might benefit from early evaluation and management in order to prevent future complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Thieux
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Pediatric Sleep Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon and National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Laura Arvis
- Pediatric endocrinology Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Aurore Guyon
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Pediatric Sleep Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon and National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Carine Villanueva
- Pediatric endocrinology Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Franco
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Pediatric Sleep Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon and National Reference Center for Narcolepsy, University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
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de Moraes CEF, Donnelly B, Appolinario JC, Hay P. Obtaining long-term recovery: advances in optimizing treatment outcomes in patients with binge-eating disorder. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:1097-1111. [PMID: 37916419 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2273392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a complex and disabling eating disorder (ED) associated with considerable burden and impairments in quality of life and physical/mental health. It has been recognized as a formal ED category since 2013, however BED is still underdetected and undertreated. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of BED as well as the evidence on the efficacy of the existing treatments. The authors searched Scopus, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.Gov, and ANZCTR with terms including 'assessment' OR 'treatment' OR 'diagnosis' OR 'mechanisms' AND 'binge eating' OR 'binge-eating disorder' for manuscripts published between January 2013 and April 2023. EXPERT OPINION Most of the trials on treatments of BED have been in people of high weight with weight loss as an outcome. Nevertheless, less is known about the treatment of this condition in people with body mass index (BMI) within the normal range where weight stabilization may be a more appropriate goal. Moreover, there is a need for an enhanced appreciation of the role of combination treatment to improve overall outcomes. Also, there are important opportunities for future research in understanding the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of BED treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Moraes
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group (GOTA), Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brooke Donnelly
- Clinical Psychology Unit, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group (GOTA), Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South West Sydney Local Health District (SWSLHD), Campbelltown, Australia
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Meléndez-Fernández OH, Liu JA, Nelson RJ. Circadian Rhythms Disrupted by Light at Night and Mistimed Food Intake Alter Hormonal Rhythms and Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3392. [PMID: 36834801 PMCID: PMC9963929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Availability of artificial light and light-emitting devices have altered human temporal life, allowing 24-hour healthcare, commerce and production, and expanding social life around the clock. However, physiology and behavior that evolved in the context of 24 h solar days are frequently perturbed by exposure to artificial light at night. This is particularly salient in the context of circadian rhythms, the result of endogenous biological clocks with a rhythm of ~24 h. Circadian rhythms govern the temporal features of physiology and behavior, and are set to precisely 24 h primarily by exposure to light during the solar day, though other factors, such as the timing of meals, can also affect circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms are significantly affected by night shift work because of exposure to nocturnal light, electronic devices, and shifts in the timing of meals. Night shift workers are at increased risk for metabolic disorder, as well as several types of cancer. Others who are exposed to artificial light at night or late mealtimes also show disrupted circadian rhythms and increased metabolic and cardiac disorders. It is imperative to understand how disrupted circadian rhythms alter metabolic function to develop strategies to mitigate their negative effects. In this review, we provide an introduction to circadian rhythms, physiological regulation of homeostasis by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and SCN-mediated hormones that display circadian rhythms, including melatonin and glucocorticoids. Next, we discuss circadian-gated physiological processes including sleep and food intake, followed by types of disrupted circadian rhythms and how modern lighting disrupts molecular clock rhythms. Lastly, we identify how disruptions to hormones and metabolism can increase susceptibility to metabolic syndrome and risk for cardiovascular diseases, and discuss various strategies to mitigate the harmful consequences associated with disrupted circadian rhythms on human health.
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Jhe GB, Lin J, Freizinger M, Richmond T. Adolescents with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa with premorbid overweight/obesity: What should we do about their weight loss? JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2023; 36:55-58. [PMID: 36121167 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, anorexia nervosa (AN) was understood to exist exclusively among underweight individuals and weight was used to assess level of severity and course of treatment. Recent trends have found a growing number of individuals presenting with AN or atypical AN (AAN) (i.e., those who remain with weight in a "normal" or "healthy" range despite significant weight loss) have a premorbid history of overweight/obesity. Individuals with AN/AAN and premorbid overweight/obesity represent an especially metabolically vulnerable population as with either AN or AAN, there is marked weight loss. Patients with AAN present a specific challenge as healthcare professionals must identify a clinically significant eating disorder in adolescents of potentially "normal" weights and then must balance their knowledge and training of traditional treatment of AN with obesity treatment and prevention. Currently, there are no evidence-based treatments to guide medical and mental health professionals regarding weight restoration, medical stabilization, and psychological treatment in patients with AN/AAN with a history of overweight/obesity while also addressing risk prevention for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace B Jhe
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jessica Lin
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Adolescent and Transition Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Melissa Freizinger
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tracy Richmond
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Campos MB, Menezes IHCF, Peixoto MDRG, Schincaglia RM. Intuitive eating in general aspects of eating behaviors in individuals with obesity: Randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 50:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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He J, Song J, Chen G, Cai Z, Niu R. Patterns of perceived parenting styles and associations with night eating syndrome symptoms and correlates among Chinese adolescents: a latent profile analysis. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1001-1010. [PMID: 34236628 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper aimed to explore the association between the patterns of perceived parenting styles and adolescents' night eating syndrome symptoms and correlates, including sleep quality, weight status, loss of control over eating, and psychological distress. METHODS A sample of 455 Chinese adolescents (54.5% females, aged 12-15 years) were included in the current study. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was adopted to examine the patterns of perceived parenting styles. The three-step approach was used to explore the differences in night eating syndrome symptoms and correlates between different profiles. RESULTS A four-profile solution was found to fit the data best, and the four profiles were labeled as positive parenting, negative parenting, highly engaged parenting, and lowly engaged parenting. Subsequent analyses showed that adolescents across profiles exhibited significant differences in night eating syndrome symptoms and correlates. Specifically, adolescents in the positive parenting profile generally had the lowest scores in night eating and its correlates, while those in the negative parenting group reported the highest scores in night eating and its correlates. CONCLUSION Using a person-centered approach (i.e., LPA), the present study identified four distinct patterns of perceived parenting styles in a sample of Chinese adolescents, with night eating and related symptomatology differing across each profile. Future interventions targeting night eating among adolescents may consider the potential influence from the patterns of perceived parenting styles to have a better intervention outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo He
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwen Song
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Gui Chen
- College of Educational Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhihui Cai
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruiling Niu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
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Muscatello MRA, Torre G, Celebre L, Dell'Osso B, Mento C, Zoccali RA, Bruno A. 'In the night kitchen': A scoping review on the night eating syndrome. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022; 56:120-136. [PMID: 34169752 DOI: 10.1177/00048674211025714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First described in 1955, night eating syndrome refers to an abnormal eating behavior clinically defined by the presence of evening hyperphagia (>25% of daily caloric intake) and/or nocturnal awaking with food ingestion occurring ⩾ 2 times per week. AIMS Although the syndrome is frequently comorbid with obesity, metabolic and psychiatric disorders, its etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, assessment and treatment still remain not fully understood. METHODS This review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines; PubMed database was searched until 31 October 2020, using the key terms: 'Night Eating Syndrome' AND 'complications' OR 'diagnosis' OR 'drug therapy' OR 'epidemiology' OR 'etiology' OR 'physiology' OR 'physiopathology' OR 'psychology' OR 'therapy'. RESULTS From a total of 239 citations, 120 studies assessing night eating syndrome met the inclusion criteria to be included in the review. CONCLUSION The inclusion of night eating syndrome into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 'Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders' category should drive the attention of clinician and researchers toward this syndrome that is still defined by evolving diagnostic criteria. The correct identification and assessment of NES could facilitate the detection and the diagnosis of this disorder, whose bio-psycho-social roots support its multifactorial nature. The significant rates of comorbid illnesses associated with NES and the overlapping symptoms with other eating disorders require a focused clinical attention. Treatment options for night eating syndrome include both pharmacological (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, topiramate and melatonergic drugs) and non-pharmachological approaches; the combination of such strategies within a multidisciplinary approach should be addressed in future, well-sized and long-term studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Torre
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Celebre
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,CRC 'Aldo Ravelli' for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carmela Mento
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rocco Antonio Zoccali
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Kauffman BY, Bakhshaie J, Zvolensky MJ. The association between distress tolerance and eating expectancies among trauma-exposed college students with obesity. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:478-483. [PMID: 32369425 PMCID: PMC7641918 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1754223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective Obesity is a significant health concern among college populations, and trauma-exposed students are particularly at risk for behaviors associated with weight gain. There is need for further understanding of factors that may contribute to increased obesity among this population. Participants: Participants included 139 trauma-exposed college students with obesity (76.3% females; Mage = 25.4 years, SD = 8.07). Method: The current cross-sectional study examined distress tolerance in terms of expectancies of eating to help manage negative affect and to lead to feeling out of control among trauma-exposed college students with obesity. Results: Results indicated that lower perceived distress tolerance was associated with greater expectancies of eating to help manage negative affect and to lead to feeling out of control. Conclusions: These findings suggest that distress tolerance may be a clinically significant target for treatment in order to better understand and treat expectancies of eating among trauma-exposed college students with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jafar Bakhshaie
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, United States
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
- Health Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
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Ivezaj V, Lawson JL, Lydecker JA, Duffy AJ, Grilo CM. Examination of night eating and loss-of-control eating following bariatric surgery. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:207-213. [PMID: 33730344 PMCID: PMC8925302 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Post-operative loss-of-control (LOC)-eating is a negative prognostic indicator for long-term outcomes following bariatric surgery. Emerging research suggests that night eating might also be associated with poorer post-operative outcomes. This study examined the co-occurrence and clinical features of night eating in patients with LOC-eating following bariatric surgery. METHODS Participants were 131 adults who sought treatment for eating/weight concerns 6 months following sleeve gastrectomy. The Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview (Bariatric-Surgery-Version) assessed LOC-eating, regular night eating (at least weekly), and eating-disorder psychopathology. Participants completed the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS Approximately, 15% met screening criteria for night-eating syndrome based on the NEQ. Greater NEQ scores were associated significantly with race, lower percent total weight loss (%TWL), and greater EDE, BDI-II, and PSQI scores. Similar results were observed when comparing groups with regular night eating (21.4%) versus without (78.6%); adjusting for race and %TWL revealed similar findings. DISCUSSION In post-bariatric patients with LOC-eating, 15% likely had night-eating syndrome and 21.4% engaged in regular night-eating behavior. The co-occurrence of LOC-eating and regular night eating following sleeve gastrectomy may represent a more severe subgroup with elevated psychopathology, poorer sleep and %TWL. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ivezaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jessica L Lawson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janet A Lydecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew J Duffy
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Kaur J, Dang AB, Gan J, An Z, Krug I. Night Eating Syndrome in Patients With Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2022; 12:766827. [PMID: 35069340 PMCID: PMC8766715 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.766827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Night eating syndrome (NES) is currently classified as an Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) under the Diagnostic Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5). This systematic review aims to consolidate the studies that describe the sociodemographic, clinical and psychological features of NES in a population of patients with eating disorders (ED), obesity, or those undergoing bariatric surgery, and were published after the publication of the DSM-5. A further aim was to compare, where possible, NES with BED on the aforementioned variables. Lastly, we aimed to appraise the quality of the studies being included in the review. We conducted a systematic search on three databases (MEDLINE, PubMed and Embase) which resulted in the selection of 22 studies for the review. We included the articles that studied patients with NES and their sociodemographic, clinical and psychological features in a clinical (i.e., ED, obese or bariatric surgery) population, through a quantitative study design. Articles were excluded if the NES patients included in the study had a comorbid psychological disorder, and/or the sample was collected from a university/non-clinical population, and/or the study design was qualitative, and/or NES features were compared with any other disorder, except BED. Our study found that no conclusions about the link between any sociodemographic feature (such as, age, gender, income, etc.) and an NES diagnosis could be made. Further, NES patients presented with elevated ED pathology (including emotional eating and loss of control eating) and higher occurrence of depressive symptoms than controls. Contrary to the literature suggesting that NES and Binge Eating Disorder (BED; an ED subtype which is also comorbid with obesity) patients often report overlapping features, questioning the validity of NES as an ED diagnosis, we found that BED can be differentiated from NES by the higher occurrence of emotional eating, body related concerns and abnormal eating episodes. The review also suggested an overlap between NES and Sleep-Related Eating Disorder. We recommend that it is essential to study NES as an independent disorder to further develop its diagnostic criteria and treatment options, thereby, increasing the quality of life of the patients suffering from this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Isabel Krug
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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Cingöz G, Özyurt G, Uzun H, Doruk ÖG, Küme T, Dündar BN, Çatlı G. High serum neurotensin level in obese adolescents is not associated with metabolic parameters, hyperphagia or food preference. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:971-978. [PMID: 34147046 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is often the result of a high-calorie and unbalanced diet for a long time and can sometimes be associated with hyperphagia and eating disorders. Neurotensin (NT) is an anorexigenic peptide, which is secreted from the central nervous system and intestines, and increases intestinal fat absorption. In the literature, conflicting results regarding serum NT level in obesity and the relation of NT with metabolic parameters were reported. Besides, there is no data regarding the relation of NT with eating disorders or food preference in obese individuals. We aimed to evaluate the relation of serum NT level with metabolic parameters, hyperphagia, binge eating disorder (BED) and food preference in obese adolescents. METHODS The study included 65 obese adolescents and 65 healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical analyzes and body fat analyzes were performed in all cases. Hyperphagia score, presence of BED and three-day food intake records were also evaluated. RESULTS NT level was significantly higher in obese adolescents than in controls and it was not associated with metabolic parameters, hyperphagia or food preference. In the obese group, NT level was not significantly different according to the presence of BED. CONCLUSIONS Serum NT level is high in obese adolescents; however, it is not associated with metabolic parameters, hyperphagia, BED or food preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülten Cingöz
- Department of Pediatrics, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gonca Özyurt
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hamide Uzun
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Sağlık Bilimleri University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Gürsoy Doruk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Küme
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bumin Nuri Dündar
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gönül Çatlı
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
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Dedov II, Shestakova MV, Melnichenko GA, Mazurina NV, Andreeva EN, Bondarenko IZ, Gusova ZR, Dzgoeva FK, Eliseev MS, Ershova EV, Zhuravleva MV, Zakharchuk TA, Isakov VA, Klepikova MV, Komshilova KA, Krysanova VS, Nedogoda SV, Novikova AM, Ostroumova OD, Pereverzev AP, Rozhivanov RV, Romantsova TI, Ruyatkina LA, Salasyuk AS, Sasunova AN, Smetanina SA, Starodubova AV, Suplotova LA, Tkacheva ON, Troshina EA, Khamoshina MV, Chechelnitskaya SM, Shestakova EA, Sheremet’eva EV. INTERDISCIPLINARY CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES "MANAGEMENT OF OBESITY AND ITS COMORBIDITIES". OBESITY AND METABOLISM 2021; 18:5-99. [DOI: 10.14341/omet12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M. S. Eliseev
- Research Institute of Rheumatogy named after V.A. Nasonova
| | | | | | | | - V. A. Isakov
- Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety
| | - M. V. Klepikova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
| | | | | | | | - A. M. Novikova
- Research Institute of Rheumatogy named after V.A. Nasonova
| | - O. D. Ostroumova
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
| | - A. P. Pereverzev
- Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov
| | | | | | | | | | - A. N. Sasunova
- Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety
| | | | | | | | - O. N. Tkacheva
- Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov
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Han JW, Kim DJ. Prediction model study of overweight and obesity in preschool children with allergic diseases from an ecological perspective. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:53. [PMID: 33494733 PMCID: PMC7831245 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic diseases have a high incidence in childhood and a high chance to be carried over into adulthood unless appropriately treated during childhood, it is important that healthcare providers actively manage these diseases. This study was to identify multidimensional factors that affect weight gain in preschool children with allergic diseases. Methods The overweight and obesity prediction model for children with allergic diseases was analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis and a decision tree model and the present study was a secondary data analysis study that used data from the Panel Study on Korean Children conducted by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. Results The significance of this study is identify multidimensional factors that affect weight gain in preschool children with allergic diseases, which found that children (gender, sitting time during weekdays, sleeping hours during weekends,), parent (education level, mother’s job, quality of the home environment), local community (convenience of local community facilities, satisfaction level with local community facilities, quality of childcare in the local community) characteristics affected overweight and obesity at multidimensional levels as risk factors. Conclusions The significance of this study is identify multidimensional factors that affect weight gain in preschool children with allergic diseases using the data of the Panel Study on Korean Children, which found that children, parent, local community characteristics affected overweight and obesity at multidimensional levels as risk factors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-021-02515-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Won Han
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02453, South Korea.
| | - Da-Jung Kim
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02453, South Korea
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19
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Depression symptoms and night eating in young adulthood. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1593-1600. [PMID: 31673988 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We estimated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between depression symptoms and night eating in young adults. METHODS Data were drawn from a longitudinal investigation of students age 12-13 years at inception in 1999-2000, in Montreal, Canada. Depression symptoms were measured with the Depressive Symptoms Scale (DSS) 20 times from age 12 to 17, and with the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) post-high school at ages 20 and 24. Night eating was measured at age 24. The association between depression symptoms and night eating was estimated in multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age and mother university-educated. RESULTS 9% of 829 participants (n = 77) reported night eating. In cross-sectional analysis, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) estimate for MDI scores (range 0-50) was 1.04 (1.01, 1.07). In longitudinal analyses, the OR estimates were 1.75 (1.20, 2.55) for DSS scores (range 1-4) and 1.03 (1.002, 1.06) for the MDI. CONCLUSIONS Depression symptoms are associated with night eating in young adults cross-sectionally and possibly longitudinally. Treatment of depression symptoms may be important in preventing night eating, a core symptom of the Night Eating Syndrome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, cohort analytic study.
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'You gotta have something to chew on': perceptions of stress-induced eating and weight gain among office workers in South Korea. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:499-511. [PMID: 32624055 PMCID: PMC7844607 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020000890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Job-related chronic stress has been discussed as a risk factor for weight change and metabolic disorders. The current study was conducted to understand the situations in which stress-induced eating occurs among office workers and how workers perceive stress to influence their daily eating practices and weight change. Design: In-depth, one-on-one interviews were conducted with office workers. Setting: Metropolitan areas in South Korea. Participants: Twenty-two office workers from thirteen companies participated in the study. Results: Most participants mentioned that they often felt work-related stress and reported various levels of perceived stress, as measured with open-ended questions. The main sources of work stress were (i) the nature of job characteristics, (ii) performance evaluations and (iii) relationships within the organisation. Participants linked stress with increased food consumption and cravings for sweet, savoury and greasy foods. Many participants emphasised the links between multiple health behaviours and stress. Not only dietary choices but also alcohol consumption, sleeping difficulty and insufficient physical activity were related to coping with work stress and demands. Finally, most participants who perceived work stress believed that their weight gain in adulthood was triggered by work stress. Conclusions: It is necessary to consider promoting behavioural modifications to support weight management and providing a means for stress management and the minimisation of stress-inducing working environments for workers to maintain or achieve a healthy weight and to prevent chronic disease incidence.
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Cuthbert K, Hardin S, Zelkowitz R, Mitchell K. Eating Disorders and Overweight/Obesity in Veterans: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Treatment Considerations. Curr Obes Rep 2020; 9:98-108. [PMID: 32361915 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-020-00374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Eating disorders (EDs) and overweight/obesity (OW/OB) have a significant impact on veterans. This review highlights current research on EDs and OW/OB in this population. RECENT FINDINGS Prevalence estimates for both EDs and OW/OB among veterans remain consistent with and possibly higher than those in the general population. Both diagnoses share multiple risk factors, including trauma history, and mental health comorbidities. Although weight loss treatments have been fairly well studied among veteran samples, there are no published investigations on psychotherapies for EDs in this population. The Veterans Healthcare Administration is working to train providers in ED treatments. VHA treatments for OW/OB show some benefits and areas for improvement. Areas for future research include structured assessments for EDs and disordered eating behaviors in veterans to clarify prevalence estimates. There is a need for interventions that consider common mechanisms for ED and OW/OB, and there is a need for more research on the associations between different types of trauma and ED/OW/OB in veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Cuthbert
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- National Center for PTSD at the VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Sabrina Hardin
- National Center for PTSD at the VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Rachel Zelkowitz
- National Center for PTSD at the VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Karen Mitchell
- National Center for PTSD at the VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Navarrete E, Díaz-Villaseñor A, Díaz G, Salazar AM, Montúfar-Chaveznava R, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Caldelas I. Misadjustment of diurnal expression of core temperature and locomotor activity in lactating rabbits associated with maternal over-nutrition before and during pregnancy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232400. [PMID: 32384084 PMCID: PMC7209125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic parameters ranging from circulating nutrient levels and substrate utilization to energy expenditure and thermogenesis are temporally modulated by the circadian timing system. During critical embryonic developmental periods, maternal over-nutrition could alter key elements in different tissues associated with the generation of circadian rhythmicity, compromising normal rhythmicity development. To address this issue, we determine whether maternal over-nutrition leads to alterations in the development of circadian rhythmicity at physiological and behavioral levels in the offspring. For this, female rabbits were fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat and carbohydrate diet (HFCD) before mating and during gestation. Core body temperature and gross locomotor activity were continuously recorded in newborn rabbits, daily measurements of body weight and the amount of milk ingested was carried out. At the end of lactation, tissue samples, including brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT), were obtained for determining the expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector A (CIDEA) genes. HFCD pups exhibited conspicuous differences in the development of the daily rhythm of temperature and locomotor activity compared to the SD pups, including a significant increase in the daily mean core temperature, changes in the time when temperature or activity remains above the average, shifts in the acrophase, decrease in the duration and intensity of the anticipatory rise previous to nursing, and changes in frequency of the rhythms. HFCD pups exhibited a significant increase in BAT thermogenesis markers, and a decrease of these markers in WAT, indicating more heat generation by brown adipocytes and alterations in the browning process. These results indicate that maternal over-nutrition alters offspring homeostatic and chronostatic regulation at the physiological and behavioral levels. Further studies are needed to determine whether these alterations are associated with the changes in the organization of the circadian system of the progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Navarrete
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Andrea Díaz-Villaseñor
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Georgina Díaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ana María Salazar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Patricia Ostrosky-Wegman
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ivette Caldelas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- * E-mail:
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Aoyama S, Shibata S. Time-of-Day-Dependent Physiological Responses to Meal and Exercise. Front Nutr 2020; 7:18. [PMID: 32181258 PMCID: PMC7059348 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock drives the temporal coordination in cellular homeostasis and it leads the day-night fluctuation of physiological functions, such as sleep/wake cycle, hormonal secretion, and body temperature. The mammalian circadian clock system in the body is classified hierarchically into two classes, the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and the peripheral clocks in peripheral tissues such as the intestine and liver, as well as other brain areas outside the SCN. The circadian rhythm of various tissue-specific functions is mainly controlled by each peripheral clock and partially by the central clock as well. The digestive, absorptive, and metabolic capacities of nutrients also show the day-night variations in several peripheral tissues such as small intestine and liver. It is therefore indicated that the bioavailability or metabolic capacity of nutrients depends on the time of day. In fact, the postprandial response of blood triacylglycerol to a specific diet and glucose tolerance exhibit clear time-of-day effects. Meal frequency and distribution within a day are highly related to metabolic functions, and optimal time-restricted feeding has the potential to prevent several metabolic dysfunctions. In this review, we summarize the time-of-day-dependent postprandial response of macronutrients to each meal and the involvement of circadian clock system in the time-of-day effect. Furthermore, the chronic beneficial and adverse effects of meal time and eating pattern on metabolism and its related diseases are discussed. Finally, we discuss the timing-dependent effects of exercise on the day-night variation of exercise performance and therapeutic potential of time-controlled-exercise for promoting general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Aoyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kushner RF, Batsis JA, Butsch WS, Davis N, Golden A, Halperin F, Kidambi S, Machineni S, Novick M, Port A, Rubino DM, Saunders KH, Shapiro Manning L, Soleymani T, Kahan S. Weight History in Clinical Practice: The State of the Science and Future Directions. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:9-17. [PMID: 31858735 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Eliciting a weight history can provide clinically important information to aid in treatment decision-making. This view is consistent with the life course perspective of obesity and the aim of patient-centered care, one of six domains of health care quality. However, thus far, the value and practicality of including a weight history in the clinical assessment and treatment of patients with obesity have not been systematically explored. For these reasons, the Clinical Committee of The Obesity Society established a task force to review and assess the available evidence to address five key questions. It is concluded that weight history is an essential component of the medical history for patients presenting with overweight or obesity, and there are strong and emerging data that demonstrate the importance of life stage, duration of exposure to obesity, maximum BMI, and group-based trajectory modeling in predicting risk for increased morbidity and mortality. Consideration of these and other patient-specific factors may improve risk stratification and clinical decision-making for screening, counseling, and management. Recommendations are provided for the key elements that should be included in a weight history, and several needs for future clinical research are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Kushner
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John A Batsis
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Section of General Internal Medicine-3M, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, The Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - W Scott Butsch
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicola Davis
- Chronic Diseases and Prevention, Office of Population Health, NYC Health + Hospitals, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angela Golden
- NP Obesity Treatment Clinic, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Florencia Halperin
- Center for Weight Management and Metabolic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Srividya Kidambi
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sriram Machineni
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marsha Novick
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ava Port
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Domenica M Rubino
- Washington Center for Weight Management and Research, Arlington, Virgnia, USA
| | - Katherine H Saunders
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Comprehensive Weight Control Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda Shapiro Manning
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs-Metabolism, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Scott Kahan
- National Center for Weight and Wellness, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
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Postolache TT, Gulati A, Okusaga OO, Stiller JW. An Introduction to Circadian Endocrine Physiology: Implications for Exercise and Sports Performance. ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33376-8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Mendoza J. Food intake and addictive-like eating behaviors: Time to think about the circadian clock(s). Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 106:122-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Shoar S, Naderan M, Mahmoodzadeh H, Shoar N, Lotfi D. Night eating syndrome: a psychiatric disease, a sleep disorder, a delayed circadian eating rhythm, and/or a metabolic condition? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019; 14:351-358. [PMID: 31536375 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2019.1657006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Night Eating Syndrome (NES) refers to an abnormal eating behavior which presents as evening hyperphagia consuming >25% calorie intake and/or nocturnal awaking with food ingestion which occurs ≥2 times per week. Although the syndrome has been described more than seven decades ago, the literature has been growing slowly on its etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Areas covered: The proposed treatment options for NES are all at a case-study level. Moreover, our understanding of its etiology, comorbidities, and diagnosis is still premature. We performed a literature review in Medline/PubMed to identify all the studies proposing a management plan for NES and summarized all the existing data on its diagnosis and treatment. Expert opinion: To date, none of the proposed treatment options for NES have been promising and long-term data on its efficacy is lacking. The slow growth of evidence on this debilitating but underreported condition may be due to unawareness among clinicians, under-reporting by patients, and unrecognized diagnostic criteria. Objective screening of symptoms during office visits especially for patients at a high-risk for NES will identify more patients suffering from the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Shoar
- Clinical Research Scientist, ScientificWriting Corporation , Houston , TX , USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Naderan
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | - Habibollah Mahmoodzadeh
- Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nasrin Shoar
- Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science , Kashan , Iran
| | - Djamshid Lotfi
- Clinical Research Scientist, ScientificWriting Corporation , Houston , TX , USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
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Thompson KA, Bardone-Cone AM. Evaluating attitudes about aging and body comparison as moderators of the relationship between menopausal status and disordered eating and body image concerns among middle-aged women. Maturitas 2019; 124:25-31. [PMID: 31097174 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence suggests the menopausal period may be a unique window of vulnerability for the development or exacerbation of eating disorder symptoms among middle-aged women; however, it is unclear who is most at risk during this period. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether appearance-related aging concerns and body comparison, two sociocultural factors, moderated the association between menopausal status and disordered eating behaviors and body image concerns among middle-aged women. METHOD Participants (N = 310) completed an online survey about their menopausal status, aging concerns, body comparison, disordered eating, and body image concerns. RESULTS Tests of moderator models revealed that at low levels of aging concerns, peri-menopausal women reported greater dietary restraint than pre-menopausal or post-menopausal women. Additionally, among women with high scores for body comparison, post-menopausal women reported significantly more dietary restraint than either pre- or peri-menopausal women. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that the effects of menopause on dietary restraint may be stronger for some women than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Anna M Bardone-Cone
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
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Thompson KA, Bardone-Cone AM. Menopausal status and disordered eating and body image concerns among middle-aged women. Int J Eat Disord 2019; 52:314-318. [PMID: 30702172 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eating disorders are present among middle-aged women, yet most eating disorder knowledge comes from adolescents and young adults. There is arguably a need for research specific to middle-aged women and eating pathology. One biological factor that may contribute to eating disorder symptoms and is unique to middle-aged women is menopause, given the changes in body shape and weight that direct women's bodies away from the young, thin beauty standard. METHOD This study explored group differences in disordered eating and body image by menopausal status. Participants were 310 middle-aged women between the ages of 40 and 68. They completed an online survey about their menopausal status, disordered eating, and body image concerns. We compared disordered eating behaviors and attitudes across three groups: premenopausal women, perimenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. RESULTS Results indicated no group differences on either disordered eating or body image concerns by menopausal status. DISCUSSION These findings suggest the perimenopausal period may not be a window of vulnerability for women in general. Given these mixed findings, future research should examine moderators to determine when there are menopausal status group differences on eating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Anna M Bardone-Cone
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Tu CY, Meg Tseng MC, Chang CH. Night eating syndrome in patients with eating disorders: Is night eating syndrome distinct from bulimia nervosa? J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:1038-1046. [PMID: 30396692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Night eating syndrome (NES) is a diagnosis newly introduced in the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This study investigated the characteristics of NES in individuals with eating disorders and the clinical significance of NES in individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN). METHODS We recruited participants with eating problems at psychiatric outpatient clinics and from Internet referrals and age, sex, and educational level-comparable controls from September 2013 to April 2017. All participants received in-face structured clinical interviews to establish their eating disorder and NES diagnoses and completed questionnaires assessing NES, eating attitudes/behaviors, depression, sleep disturbances, morningness/eveningness preference, and functional impairment. Comparisons of measurements were made across patients with eating disorder subtypes and across patients with NES-only, BN-only, comorbid BN and NES, and controls. RESULTS NES was identified in 10.3%, 34.9%, and 51.7% of the individuals with anorexia nervosa, BN, and binge-eating disorder, respectively. NES-only group had more frequent binge-eating, higher degrees of eating pathology, depression, sleep disturbances, and functional impairment compared to controls; however, NES-only group shared similar levels of disordered eating, depression, sleep disturbances, and functional impairment with BN-only group. BN-NES group had no difference from BN-only group on most eating pathology, psychopathology, and functional impairment, except for the presence of greater eating and weight concerns. CONCLUSION NES has its clinical significance; however, it overlaps with BN in several dimensions of psychopathology. Presence of night eating in a BN group may not contribute clinically meaningful psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ying Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 64041, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chih Meg Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Oriental Institute of Technology, New Taipei City 22061, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Hao Chang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
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Öztürk GZ, Eğici MT, Toprak D, Erdoğan AM. Relationship Between Night Eating Disorders and Obesity. ANKARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.17098/amj.409014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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He J, Huang F, Yan J, Wu W, Cai Z, Fan X. Prevalence, demographic correlates, and association with psychological distress of night eating syndrome among Chinese college students. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2017; 23:578-584. [PMID: 29105500 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2017.1400669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Night eating syndrome (NES) has primarily been studied in Western societies, and the prevalence and associated factors of NES in China still remain unknown. This study examined the prevalence, demographic correlates, and association with psychological distress of NES among Chinese college students. By using the Chinese version of Night Eating Questionnaire (C-NEQ), data were collected from 909 university students sampled from three provinces in China. Results showed that the prevalence of NES was 2.8% (2.4% after excluding students with binge eating); the occurrence of NES was correlated with gender ([Formula: see text]) and the higher night eating scores were significantly correlated with higher psychological distress (rs = .396-.471, ps < .001). Because of the huge population base in China, there could be a large number of Chinese college students with NES. Therefore, more attention is needed for prevention, detection, and treatment of NES for Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo He
- a Faculty of Education , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Fang Huang
- b School of Foreign Languages , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao , China
| | - Jinjin Yan
- c Human Development and Family Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Wen Wu
- d School of Safety and Environment Engineering , Hunan Institute of Technology , Hengyang , China
| | - Zhihui Cai
- e School of Psychology , Central China Normal University , Wuhan , China
| | - Xitao Fan
- f School of Humanities and Social Science , Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) , Shenzhen , China
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Petri E, Bacci O, Barbuti M, Pacchiarotti I, Azorin JM, Angst J, Bowden CL, Mosolov S, Vieta E, Young AH, Perugi G. Obesity in patients with major depression is related to bipolarity and mixed features: evidence from the BRIDGE-II-Mix study. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19:458-464. [PMID: 28691250 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Bipolar Disorders: Improving Diagnosis, Guidance and Education (BRIDGE)-II-Mix study aimed to estimate the frequency of mixed states in patients with a major depressive episode (MDE) according to different definitions. The present post-hoc analysis evaluated the association between obesity and the presence of mixed features and bipolarity. METHODS A total of 2811 MDE subjects were enrolled in a multicenter cross-sectional study. In 2744 patients, the body mass index (BMI) was evaluated. Psychiatric symptoms, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected, comparing the characteristics of MDE patients with (MDE-OB) and without (MDE-NOB) obesity. RESULTS Obesity (BMI ≥30) was registered in 493 patients (18%). In the MDE-OB group, 90 patients (20%) fulfilled the DSM-IV-TR criteria for bipolar disease (BD), 225 patients (50%) fulfilled the bipolarity specifier criteria, 59 patients (13%) fulfilled DSM-5 criteria for MDEs with mixed features, and 226 patients (50%) fulfilled Research-Based Diagnostic Criteria for an MDE. Older age, history of (hypo)manic switches during antidepressant treatment, the occurrence of three or more MDEs, atypical depressive features, antipsychotic treatment, female gender, depressive mixed state according to DSM-5 criteria, comorbid eating disorders, and anxiety disorders were significantly associated with the MDE-OB group. Among (hypo)manic symptoms during the current MDE, psychomotor agitation, distractibility, increased energy, and risky behaviors were the variables most frequently associated with MDE-OB group. CONCLUSIONS In our sample, the presence of obesity in patients with an MDE seemed to be associated with higher rates of bipolar spectrum disorders. These findings suggest that obesity in patients with an MDE could be considered as a possible marker of bipolarity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Margherita Barbuti
- University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Jules Angst
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Eduard Vieta
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Hymowitz G, Salwen J, Salis KL. A mediational model of obesity related disordered eating: The roles of childhood emotional abuse and self-perception. Eat Behav 2017; 26:27-32. [PMID: 28131963 PMCID: PMC6075711 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The extant literature indicates negative self-perceptions are a risk factor for disordered eating (DE) and DE is a risk factor for overweight and obesity. While childhood emotional abuse (EA) is often linked to DE and obesity, it is typically not included in comprehensive models of these health problems. Further investigation of interactions among EA, self-perception, and DE is needed to refine treatments for overweight, obesity, and DE. This study evaluated a model of DE and weight difficulties in which negative self-perception mediate the relationship between EA and DE, and DE predicts body mass index (BMI) in a population of emerging adults. Further, this study investigated the utility of history of EA for prediction of DE and classification of individuals with and without DE. Self-report questionnaires on childhood trauma, psychopathology, and eating behaviors were administered to 598 undergraduate students. Latent variable analysis confirmed the hypothesized model. Recursive partitioning determined that individuals reporting a high level of EA likely meet criteria for night eating syndrome (NES) or binge eating disorder (BED), and history of EA has a moderate to high level of specificity as a predictor of BED and NES. These findings confirm the necessity of evaluating EA and DE in emerging adults with weight difficulties, and the importance of assessing self-perception and DE in individuals with a history of EA. Future studies should investigate the utility of addressing EA and self-perception in interventions for DE and obesity and to determine whether these findings can be generalized to a clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genna Hymowitz
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2520, United States; Department of Surgery, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8191, United States.
| | - Jessica Salwen
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, NY 11794-2520, United States
| | - Katie Lee Salis
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, NY 11794-2520, United States
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Nagoor Meeran MF, Javed H, Al Taee H, Azimullah S, Ojha SK. Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:380. [PMID: 28694777 PMCID: PMC5483461 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymol, chemically known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol is a colorless crystalline monoterpene phenol. It is one of the most important dietary constituents in thyme species. For centuries, it has been used in traditional medicine and has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic and antitumor activities. The present article presents a detailed review of the scientific literature which reveals the pharmacological properties of thymol and its multiple therapeutic actions against various cardiovascular, neurological, rheumatological, gastrointestinal, metabolic and malignant diseases at both biochemical and molecular levels. The noteworthy effects of thymol are largely attributed to its anti-inflammatory (via inhibiting recruitment of cytokines and chemokines), antioxidant (via scavenging of free radicals, enhancing the endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and chelation of metal ions), antihyperlipidemic (via increasing the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreasing the levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the circulation and membrane stabilization) (via maintaining ionic homeostasis) effects. This review presents an overview of the current in vitro and in vivo data supporting thymol's therapeutic activity and the challenges concerning its use for prevention and its therapeutic value as a dietary supplement or as a pharmacological agent or as an adjuvant along with current therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases. It is one of the potential candidates of natural origin that has shown promising therapeutic potential, pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms as well as pharmacokinetic properties for the pharmaceutical development of thymol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayate Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hasan Al Taee
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sheikh Azimullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Ferreira Pinto T, Carvalhedo de Bruin PF, Sales de Bruin VM, Ney Lemos F, Azevedo Lopes FH, Marcos Lopes P. Effects of bariatric surgery on night eating and depressive symptoms: a prospective study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:1057-1062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fox JRE, Msetfi RM, Johnson RS, Haigh E. The Perception of Threat from Emotions in Predicting Binge Eating Behaviours in People Who Are Obese and Seeking Treatment for Their Weight. Clin Psychol Psychother 2017; 23:452-459. [PMID: 26238312 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The affect regulation theory suggests that people binge eat to regulate negative emotional states. In this study, we used a basic emotions perspective to consider the role of perceived threat of emotions, emotional suppression and reduced emotional expressiveness in predicting binge eating behaviours in people who are obese. METHOD Treatment-seeking participants with obesity (N = 51, body mass index range from 30.8 to 60.2 kg m-2 ) completed measures of 'perception of threat from emotion' as well as 'emotional expressiveness' and binge eating. RESULTS The results demonstrated that perceived threat of sadness predicted binge eating (β = .55, p < .05). Additionally, a mediation analysis revealed that reduced emotional expressiveness mediated the relationship between perceived threat of fear and binge eating (β = .25, 95%). DISCUSSION These findings are contextualized within a theoretical perspective that suggests that individuals who binge eat are threatened by certain emotional states and they use binge eating to suppress certain, but not all, emotional states. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE Considering basic emotions within binge eating should be a part of a psychological assessment and treatment. This should consider how emotions could often be perceived as being threatening and their expression is limited. It is possible that the emotions of fear and sadness appear to be particularly threatening within binge eating/obese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R E Fox
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London And Enfield Complex Care Team Barnet, Enfield and Haringey NHS Trust.
| | - R M Msetfi
- Centre for Social Issues Research, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - R S Johnson
- Manchester and Salford Pain Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - E Haigh
- Division of Health Research, Lancaster University
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Weissman RS. Fifty volumes of scholarship on eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:3-8. [PMID: 28025874 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Eichen DM, Chen E, Boutelle KN, McCloskey MS. Behavioral evidence of emotion dysregulation in binge eaters. Appetite 2016; 111:1-6. [PMID: 27989564 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating is the most common disordered eating symptom and can lead to the development of obesity. Previous self-report research has supported the hypothesis that individuals who binge eat report greater levels of general emotion dysregulation, which may facilitate binge-eating behavior. However, to date, no study has experimentally tested the relation between binge eating history and in-vivo emotion dysregulation. To do this, a sample of female college students who either endorsed binge eating (n = 40) or denied the presence of any eating pathology (n = 47) completed the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and a behavioral distress tolerance task (the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task-Computer: PASAT-C) known to induce negative affect and distress. The binge eating group was 2.96 times more likely to quit the PASAT-C early (χ2 = 5.04, p = 0.025) and reported greater irritability (F(1,84) = 7.09 p = 0.009) and frustration (F(1,84) = 5.00, p = 0.028) after completing the PASAT-C than controls, controlling for initial levels of these emotions. Furthermore, across the entire sample, quitting early was associated with greater emotion dysregulation on the DERS (rpb = 0.342, p < 0.01). This study is the first to demonstrate that individuals who binge eat show in-vivo emotional dysregulation on a laboratory task. Future studies should examine the PASAT-C to determine its potential clinical utility for individuals with or at risk of developing binge eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Eichen
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Eunice Chen
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- University of California, San Diego Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC #0874, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Michael S McCloskey
- Temple University, Department of Psychology, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
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40
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Abstract
The causes of severe obesity are multifactorial and include metabolic, dietary, physical, and psychological aspects. Additionally, the impact of severe obesity affects more than one's physical health. This article attempts to explore the psychological impact of severe obesity specifically in the areas of mood, eating disorders, sleep disturbance, chronic pain, and quality of life. Additionally, obesity treatment options of lifestyle modification and bariatric surgery that include psychological assessment and/or cognitive behavioral intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Collins
- Penn Medicine/Lancaster General Health LGHP Neuropsychology, 2100 Harrisburg Pike, PO Box 3200, Lancaster, PA, 17603, USA.
| | - Chelsea Meng
- Penn Medicine/Lancaster General Health LGHP Neuropsychology, 2100 Harrisburg Pike, PO Box 3200, Lancaster, PA, 17603, USA
| | - Anna Eng
- Penn Medicine/Lancaster General Health LGHP Neuropsychology, 2100 Harrisburg Pike, PO Box 3200, Lancaster, PA, 17603, USA
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41
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Kim OS, Kim M, Lee J, Jung H. Night-eating syndrome and the severity of self-reported depressive symptoms from the Korea Nurses' Health Study: analysis of propensity score matching and ordinal regression. Public Health 2016; 141:80-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Raoul Khouzam
- Employee Behavioral Health Dartmouth, Hitchcock Medical Center, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Behavioral Health Bureau, Monterey County Department of Health, Salinas, CA, USA
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43
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with several comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and several forms of cancer. Obesity and its comorbidities also come with a significant psychosocial burden, impacting numerous areas of psychosocial functioning. The evaluation of psychosocial functioning is an important part of the assessment and treatment planning for the patient with obesity. This article provides an overview of the psychosocial burden of obesity. The article also describes the psychological changes typically seen with weight loss. A particular focus is on the psychosocial functioning of individuals with extreme obesity who present for and undergo bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Sarwer
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University College of Public Health, 3223 North Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Heather M Polonsky
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University College of Public Health, 3223 North Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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44
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Ariel AH, Perri MG. Effect of dose of behavioral treatment for obesity on binge eating severity. Eat Behav 2016; 22:55-61. [PMID: 27086049 PMCID: PMC4983214 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of three doses of a behavioral intervention for obesity (High dose=24 sessions, Moderate=16 sessions, Low=8 sessions) compared with a nutrition education control group (Control) on binge eating. We also examined whether participants with clinically significant improvements in binge eating had better treatment adherence and weight-loss outcomes than those who did not experience clinically significant improvements in binge eating. Finally, we examined the relation of pretreatment binge eating severity to changes at six months. METHODS Participants included 572 adults (female=78.7%; baseline mean±SD: age=52.7±11.2years, BMI=36.4±3.9kg/m(2)) who provided binge eating data at baseline. We evaluated binge eating severity (assessed via the Binge Eating Scale) and weight status at baseline and six months, as well as treatment adherence over six months. RESULTS At six months, participants in the Moderate and High treatment conditions reported greater reductions in binge eating severity than participants in the Low and Control conditions, ps<.02. Participants who demonstrated improvements in binge eating severity reported greater dietary self-monitoring adherence and attained larger weight losses than those who did not experience clinically significant reductions, ps<.001. Pretreatment binge eating severity predicted less improvement in binge eating severity over six months and fewer days with dietary self-monitoring records completed, ps≤.002. CONCLUSION A moderate or high dose of behavioral weight-loss treatment may be required to produce clinically significant reductions in binge eating severity in adults with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva H. Ariel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida
| | - Michael G. Perri
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida
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45
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Benn Y, Webb TL, Chang BPI, Harkin B. What is the psychological impact of self-weighing? A meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev 2016; 10:187-203. [PMID: 26742706 PMCID: PMC4917920 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2016.1138871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many people self-weigh and many interventions addressing weight-related problems such as obesity promote self-weighing. However, while self-weighing has been associated with weight loss, there is mixed evidence regarding the psychological impact of this behaviour. The present review aimed to quantify the relationship between self-weighing and: (i) affect (e.g., anxiety, depression); (ii) psychological functioning (e.g., self-esteem); (iii) body-related attitudes and (iv) disordered eating. A computerized search of scientific databases in September 2014 and subsequent ancestry and citation searches identified 29 independent tests of the relationship between self-weighing on psychological outcomes. Meta-analysis was used to quantify the size of the association across the tests. Results indicated that there was no association between self-weighing and affect, body-related attitudes or disordered eating. There was, however, a small-sized negative association between self-weighing and psychological functioning. The age of participants, obesity status, the extent of weight loss, duration of self-weighing and study design (RCT versus correlational) were found to influence at least some of the psychological outcomes of self-weighing. The findings suggest that, for the most part, self-weighing is not associated with adverse psychological outcomes. However, in some cases the association between self-weighing and psychological outcomes may be more negative than in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Benn
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Thomas L. Webb
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Betty P. I. Chang
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Education, Universite´ Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Harkin
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
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Ahmad NN, Butsch WS, Aidarous S. Clinical Management of Obesity in Women: Addressing a Lifecycle of Risk. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2016; 43:201-30. [PMID: 27212089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that nearly 2 billion people worldwide are overweight, 600 million of whom are obese. The increasing prevalence of this condition in women is of particular concern given its impact on reproductive health and mortality. Burgeoning data implicating maternal obesity in fetal programming and the metabolic health of future generations further suggest that obesity in women is one of the most pressing public health concerns of the twenty-first century. However, health care professionals are infrequently engaged in obesity management. This article provides a conceptual understanding of obesity and a rational approach to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia N Ahmad
- Obesity Medicine Institute, Armada Towers, P2, Floor 19, Jumeirah Lake Towers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Armada Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Armada Towers, P2, Floor 19, Jumeirah Lake Towers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Winfield Scott Butsch
- MGH Weight Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sabina Aidarous
- Obesity Medicine Institute, Armada Towers, P2, Floor 19, Jumeirah Lake Towers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
Albert J. Stunkard's influential career in obesity research spanned over 50 years and included several landmark studies on social factors related to obesity. This review discusses the important contributions Stunkard made to research on the relationship between socioeconomic status socioeconomic status and obesity, extensions of his work, and reflects on Stunkard's role in the mentoring of succeeding generations of scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Pavela
- 227K, Ryals Public Health Building, Room 227K, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, , Phone: (205)-934-9325
| | - Dwight W. Lewis
- The University of Alabama School of Medicine (Tuscaloosa Regional Campus), 850 5th Ave East; Tuscaloosa, AL 35401,
| | - Julie Locher
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care; Section of Social and Behavioral Sciences) and Health Care Organization and Policy, 1530 3 Avenue South; CH19-Room 218F; Birmingham, Alabama 35294-2041, Phone: 205.934.7542, Fax: 205.975.5870,
| | - David B. Allison
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Ryals Public Health Building, Room 140J, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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Allison KC, Lundgren JD, Wadden TA. Albert J. Stunkard: His Research on Obesity and Its Psychological Impact. Curr Obes Rep 2016; 5:140-4. [PMID: 26820621 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-016-0199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Albert J. ("Mickey") Stunkard, MD, was a leader in the field of obesity research, with his work spanning more than five decades. He published several groundbreaking findings on the psychosocial influences of obesity, the genetics of obesity, and the relationship between obesity and factors such as socioeconomic status, stigma, and mood. He also helped establish two eating disorders associated with obesity-binge eating disorder and night eating syndrome. This paper highlights his work and its implications for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Allison
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Jennifer D Lundgren
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Mason TB, Heron KE, Braitman AL, Lewis RJ. A daily diary study of perceived social isolation, dietary restraint, and negative affect in binge eating. Appetite 2015; 97:94-100. [PMID: 26631253 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Negative affect and dietary restraint are key predictors of binge eating, yet less is known about the impact of social factors on binge eating. The study sought to replicate and extend research on the relationships between negative affect, dietary restraint, perceived social isolation and binge eating using a daily diary methodology. College women (N = 54) completed measures of dietary restraint, negative affect, perceived social isolation, and binge eating daily for 14 days. Participants completed the measures nightly each day. A series of generalized estimating equations showed that dietary restraint was associated with less binge eating while controlling for negative affect and for perceived social isolation separately. Negative affect and perceived social isolation were associated with greater binge eating while controlling for restraint in separate analyses, but only perceived social isolation was significant when modeled simultaneously. All two-way interactions between negative affect, dietary restraint, and perceived social isolation predicting binge eating were nonsignificant. This study furthers our understanding of predictors of binge eating in a nonclinical sample. Specifically, these data suggest perceived social isolation, negative affect, and dietary restraint are important variables associated with binge eating in daily life and warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler B Mason
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, 120 South 8th Street, Fargo, ND 58103, USA; Old Dominion University, Department of Psychology, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
| | - Kristin E Heron
- Old Dominion University, Department of Psychology, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA; Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, 700 Park Avenue/MCAR-410, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
| | - Abby L Braitman
- Old Dominion University, Department of Psychology, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Robin J Lewis
- Old Dominion University, Department of Psychology, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA; Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, 700 Park Avenue/MCAR-410, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
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50
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Postoperative grazing as a risk factor for negative outcomes after bariatric surgery. Eat Behav 2015; 18:147-50. [PMID: 26094133 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE After bariatric surgery, de novo eating patterns can develop, such as grazing. Although grazing has been associated with poorer weight loss, it has received minimal attention. We aimed to assess the influence of grazing in clinical, biochemical and psychological outcomes in a bariatric surgery sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients (78.3%♀, age 46.35±9.89, months since BS 46.28±18.1) who underwent BS were evaluated cross-sectionally. Clinical, biochemical and psychological parameters were recorded. A pattern of grazing was assessed in this group of patients through interview. RESULTS 41.7% met criteria for grazing. Mean time since BS was greater in the group with grazing (57.64±23.7months vs 38.8±26.44months; p=0.008). Although there were no differences in initial and current BMI, the percentage of patients with weight regain was greater among patients with grazing (72% vs 11.7%; p<0.0001) and the percentage of excess weight loss was lower (28.15±6.96% vs 33.35±11.9%; p=0.05). There were more difficulties in following the standardized visits according to our hospital's protocol (17.6% vs 56%; p=0.009). No significant differences were found when assessing presurgical psychiatric comorbidity among patients with a grazing pattern and individuals without this condition (68% vs 55.9%; p=0.423). When assessing quality of life only mental health was lower among patients with grazing (49.6±22.7 vs 64.2±23.3; p=0.02). CONCLUSION Development of grazing is frequent after BS, especially when weight loss has reached a plateau. Due to its potential association with weight regain, systematic screening of grazing after BS is warranted.
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