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Wang FY, Yang LM, Xiong XL, Yang J, Yang Y, Tang JQ, Gao L, Lu Y, Wang Y, Zou T, Liang H, Huang KB. Rhodium(III) Complex Noncanonically Potentiates Antitumor Immune Responses by Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. J Med Chem 2024; 67:13778-13787. [PMID: 39134504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Metal-based chemoimmunotherapy has recently garnered significant attention for its capacity to stimulate tumor-specific immunity beyond direct cytotoxic effects. Such effects are usually caused by ICD via the activation of DAMP signals. However, metal complexes that can elicit antitumor immune responses other than ICD have not yet been described. Herein, we report that a rhodium complex (Rh-1) triggers potent antitumor immune responses by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling with subsequent activation of T lymphocyte infiltration to the tumor site. The results of mechanistic experiments suggest that ROS accumulation following Rh-1 treatment is a critical trigger of a decrease in β-catenin and enhanced secretion of CCL4, a key mediator of T cell infiltration. Through these properties, Rh-1 exerts a synergistic effect in combination with PD-1 inhibitors against tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our work describes a promising metal-based antitumor agent with a noncanonical mode of action to sensitize tumor tissues to ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Liang-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiu-Qin Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taotao Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ke-Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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Kalra G, Lenz D, Abdul-Aziz D, Hanna C, Basu M, Herb BR, Colantuoni C, Milon B, Saxena M, Shetty AC, Hertzano R, Shivdasani RA, Ament SA, Edge ASB. Cochlear organoids reveal transcriptional programs of postnatal hair cell differentiation from supporting cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113421. [PMID: 37952154 PMCID: PMC11007545 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore the changes in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional programs for cochlear hair cell differentiation from postmitotic supporting cells using organoids from postnatal cochlea. The organoids contain cells with transcriptional signatures of differentiating vestibular and cochlear hair cells. Construction of trajectories identifies Lgr5+ cells as progenitors for hair cells, and the genomic data reveal gene regulatory networks leading to hair cells. We validate these networks, demonstrating dynamic changes both in expression and predicted binding sites of transcription factors (TFs) during organoid differentiation. We identify known regulators of hair cell development, Atoh1, Pou4f3, and Gfi1, and the analysis predicts the regulatory factors Tcf4, an E-protein and heterodimerization partner of Atoh1, and Ddit3, a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) that represses Hes1 and activates transcription of Wnt-signaling-related genes. Deciphering the signals for hair cell regeneration from mammalian cochlear supporting cells reveals candidates for hair cell (HC) regeneration, which is limited in the adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmannat Kalra
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Danielle Lenz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dunia Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig Hanna
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahashweta Basu
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian R Herb
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carlo Colantuoni
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Beatrice Milon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madhurima Saxena
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amol C Shetty
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramesh A Shivdasani
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Seth A Ament
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert S B Edge
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Conza D, Mirra P, Fiory F, Insabato L, Nicolò A, Beguinot F, Ulianich L. Metformin: A New Inhibitor of the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2182. [PMID: 37681914 PMCID: PMC10486775 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The biguanide drug metformin is widely used in type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy, due to its ability to decrease serum glucose levels, mainly by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. A considerable number of studies have shown that metformin, besides its antidiabetic action, can improve other disease states, such as polycystic ovary disease, acute kidney injury, neurological disorders, cognitive impairment and renal damage. In addition, metformin is well known to suppress the growth and progression of different types of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, several epidemiological studies suggest that metformin is capable of lowering cancer risk and reducing the rate of cancer deaths among diabetic patients. The antitumoral effects of metformin have been proposed to be mainly mediated by the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, a number of signaling pathways, both dependent and independent of AMPK activation, have been reported to be involved in metformin antitumoral action. Among these, the Wingless and Int signaling pathway have recently been included. Here, we will focus our attention on the main molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Conza
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Paola Mirra
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesca Fiory
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Luigi Insabato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonella Nicolò
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Luca Ulianich
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, National Research Council & Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.C.); (P.M.); (F.F.); (A.N.); (F.B.)
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Tang L, Duan W, Zhang C, Shi Y, Tu W, Lei K, Zhang W, Wu S, Zhang J. Potent salinomycin C20-O-alkyl oxime derivative SAL-98 efficiently inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by affecting Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115666. [PMID: 37391086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is closely related to tumorigenesis, metastasis and cancer stem cell maintenance. Salinomycin is a polyether ionophore antibiotic that selectively eliminates cancer stem cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. Salinomycin selectively target cancer stem cells, but the toxicity limits its further use. In this study, we explore the anti-tumor mechanism of one most active salinomycin C20-O-alkyl oximederivative SAL-98 and found that SAL-98 exerts 10 times higher anti-tumor and anti-CSCs activities compared with salinomycin, which induces cell cycle arrest, ER stress and mitochondria dysfunction and inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in vitro with high efficacy. Moreover, SAL-98 shows good anti-metastasis effect in vivo. In addition, SAL-98 demonstrates same anti-tumor activities as salinomycin with less 5 times concentration in vivo, the ER stress, autophagy and anti-CSCs effects were also confirmed in vivo. Mechanistically, SAL-98 inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway associated with CHOP expression induced by ER stress, the induced CHOP disrupts the β-catenin/TCF4 complex and represses the Wnt targeted genes. This study provides an alternative strategy for rational drug development to target Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- Faculty of Life Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wenfang Duan
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yulu Shi
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wenlian Tu
- The First Hospital of Yunnan Province, the affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650032, China
| | - Kangfan Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, 650032, China.
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5
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Zhu P, Li T, Li Q, Gu Y, Shu Y, Hu K, Chen L, Peng X, Peng J, Hao L. Mechanism and Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Osteosarcoma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1882. [PMID: 36551309 PMCID: PMC9775044 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor, often occurring in children and adolescents. The etiology of most patients is unclear, and the current conventional treatment methods are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection. However, the sensitivity of osteosarcoma to radiotherapy and chemotherapy is low, and the prognosis is poor. The development of new and useful treatment strategies for improving patient survival is an urgent need. It has been found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS) affects tumor angiogenesis, invasion, etc. By summarizing the literature related to osteosarcoma and ERS, we found that the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway activated by ERS has a regulatory role in osteosarcoma proliferation, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. In osteosarcoma, the UPR pathway plays an important role by crosstalk with autophagy, oxidative stress, and other pathways. Overall, this article focuses on the relationship between ERS and osteosarcoma and reviews the potential of drugs or gene targets associated with ERS for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yawen Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuan Shu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Kaibo Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Leifeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Wang J, Morgan W, Saini A, Liu T, Lough J, Han L. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals specific maturation signatures in human cardiomyocytes derived from LMNB2-inactivated induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:895162. [PMID: 36518540 PMCID: PMC9742441 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.895162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cardiomyocyte maturation entails phenotypic and functional optimization during the late fetal and postnatal phases of heart development, both processes driven and coordinated by complex gene regulatory networks. Cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are heterogenous and immature, barely resembling their adult in vivo counterparts. To characterize relevant developmental programs and maturation states during human iPSC-cardiomyocyte differentiation, we performed single-cell transcriptomic sequencing, which revealed six cardiomyocyte subpopulations, whose heterogeneity was defined by cell cycle and maturation states. Two of those subpopulations were characterized by a mature, non-proliferative transcriptional profile. To further investigate the proliferation-maturation transition in cardiomyocytes, we induced loss-of-function of LMNB2, which represses cell cycle progression in primary cardiomyocytes in vivo. This resulted in increased maturation in LMNB2-inactivated cardiomyocytes, characterized by transcriptional profiles related to myofibril structure and energy metabolism. Furthermore, we identified maturation signatures and maturational trajectories unique for control and LMNB2-inactivated cardiomyocytes. By comparing these datasets with single-cell transcriptomes of human fetal hearts, we were able to define spatiotemporal maturation states in human iPSC-cardiomyocytes. Our results provide an integrated approach for comparing in vitro-differentiated cardiomyocytes with their in vivo counterparts and suggest a strategy to promote cardiomyocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - William Morgan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Herma Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ankur Saini
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Herma Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - John Lough
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Herma Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Zhang M, Chen J, Jiang Y, Chen T. Fine particulate matter induces heart defects via AHR/ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135962. [PMID: 35948106 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating body of evidence indicates that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely associated with congenital heart disease in the offspring, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We previously reported that extractable organic matter (EOM) from PM2.5 induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction by activating aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), leading to heart defects in zebrafish embryos. We hypothesized that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress might be elicited by the excessive ROS production and thereby contribute to the cardiac developmental toxicity of PM2.5. In this study, we examined the effects of EOM on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and Wnt signal pathway in zebrafish embryos, and explored their roles in EOM-induced heart defects. Our results showed that 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), a pharmaceutical inhibitor of ER stress, significantly attenuated the EOM-elevated heart malformation rates. Moreover, EOM upregulated the expression levels of ER stress marker genes including CHOP and PDI in the heart of zebrafish embryos, which were counteracted by genetic or pharmaceutical inhibition of AHR activity. The ROS scavenger N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) also abolished the EOM-induced ER stress. We further demonstrated that both 4-PBA and CHOP genetic knockdown rescued the PM2.5-induced ROS overproduction, apoptosis and suppression of Wnt signaling. In conclusion, our results indicate that PM2.5 induces AHR/ROS-mediated ER stress, which leads to apoptosis and Wnt signaling inhibition, ultimately resulting in heart defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Zhang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Kumar S, Verma A, Yadav P, Dubey SK, Azhar EI, Maitra SS, Dwivedi VD. Molecular pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis and possible therapeutic strategies. Arch Virol 2022; 167:1739-1762. [PMID: 35654913 PMCID: PMC9162114 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus, is a health concern across Asian countries, associated with severe neurological disorders, especially in children. Primarily, pigs, bats, and birds are the natural hosts for JEV, but humans are infected incidentally. JEV requires a few host proteins for its entry and replication inside the mammalian host cell. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a significant role in JEV genome replication and assembly. During this process, the ER undergoes stress due to its remodelling and accumulation of viral particles and unfolded proteins, leading to an unfolded protein response (UPR). Here, we review the overall strategy used by JEV to infect the host cell and various cytopathic effects caused by JEV infection. We also highlight the role of JEV structural proteins (SPs) and non-structural proteins (NSPs) at various stages of the JEV life cycle that are involved in up- and downregulation of different host proteins and are potentially relevant for developing efficient therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
- Center for Bioinformatics, Computational and Systems Biology, Pathfinder Research and Training Foundation, Greater Noida, India
| | - Akanksha Verma
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Pardeep Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310 India
- Center for Bioinformatics, Computational and Systems Biology, Pathfinder Research and Training Foundation, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Esam Ibraheem Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - S. S. Maitra
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Vivek Dhar Dwivedi
- Center for Bioinformatics, Computational and Systems Biology, Pathfinder Research and Training Foundation, Greater Noida, India
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Yang S, Zhou F, Dong Y, Ren F. α-Mangostin Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells Through ROS-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via the WNT Pathway. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211035080. [PMID: 34318699 PMCID: PMC8323427 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211035080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
α-mangostin has been confirmed to promote the apoptosis of MG-63 cells, but its
specific pro-apoptosis mechanism in osteosarcoma (OS) remains further
investigation. Here, we demonstrated that α-mangostin restrained the viability
of OS cells (143B and Saos-2), but had little effect on the growth of normal
human osteoblast. α-mangostin increased OS cell apoptosis by activating the
caspase-3/8 cascade. Besides, α-mangostin induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
stress and restrained the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity. 4PBA (an ER stress
inhibitor) or LiCl (an effective Wnt activator) treatment effectively hindered
α-mangostin-induced apoptosis and the caspase-3/8 cascade. Furthermore, we also
found that α-mangostin induced ER stress by promoting ROS production. And ER
stress-mediated apoptosis caused by ROS accumulation depended on the
inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, α-mangostin significantly
hindered the growth of xenograft tumors, induced the expression of ER stress
marker proteins and activation of the caspase-3/8 cascade, and restrained the
Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vivo. In short, ROS-mediated ER stress was involved
in α-mangostin triggered apoptosis, which might depended on Wnt/β-catenin
signaling inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsen Yang
- Departments of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- CRISTA orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Dongying, Dongying, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Departments of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fei Ren
- Orthopedics Department, YuLin NO.2 Hospital, Yulin, China
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10
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Gu LF, Chen JQ, Lin QY, Yang YZ. Roles of mitochondrial unfolded protein response in mammalian stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:737-752. [PMID: 34367475 PMCID: PMC8316864 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is an evolutionarily conserved adaptive mechanism for improving cell survival under mitochondrial stress. Under physiological and pathological conditions, the UPRmt is the key to maintaining intracellular homeostasis and proteostasis. Important roles of the UPRmt have been demonstrated in a variety of cell types and in cell development, metabolism, and immune processes. UPRmt dysfunction leads to a variety of pathologies, including cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative disease, metabolic disease, and immune disease. Stem cells have a special ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of somatic cells and have been shown to exist in a variety of tissues. These cells are involved in development, tissue renewal, and some disease processes. Although the roles and regulatory mechanisms of the UPRmt in somatic cells have been widely reported, the roles of the UPRmt in stem cells are not fully understood. The roles and functions of the UPRmt depend on stem cell type. Therefore, this paper summarizes the potential significance of the UPRmt in embryonic stem cells, tissue stem cells, tumor stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. The purpose of this review is to provide new insights into stem cell differentiation and tumor pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jia-Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qing-Yin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan-Zhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China,
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11
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From Channels to Canonical Wnt Signaling: A Pathological Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094613. [PMID: 33924772 PMCID: PMC8125460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is an important pathway mainly active during embryonic development and controlling cell proliferation. This regulatory pathway is aberrantly activated in several human diseases. Ion channels are known modulators of several important cellular functions ranging from the tuning of the membrane potential to modulation of intracellular pathways, in particular the influence of ion channels in Wnt signaling regulation has been widely investigated. This review will discuss the known links between ion channels and canonical Wnt signaling, focusing on their possible roles in human metabolic diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer.
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12
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Wu YC, Chiang YC, Chou SH, Pan CL. Wnt signalling and endocytosis: Mechanisms, controversies and implications for stress responses. Biol Cell 2020; 113:95-106. [PMID: 33253438 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signalling is one of a few conserved pathways that control diverse aspects of development and morphogenesis in all metazoan species. Endocytosis is a key mechanism that regulates the secretion and graded extracellular distribution of Wnt glycoproteins from the source cells, as well as Wnt signal transduction in the receiving cells. However, controversies exist regarding the requirement of clathrin-dependent endocytosis in Wnt signalling. Various lines of evidence from recent studies suggest that Wnt-β-catenin signalling is also involved in the regulation of cellular stress responses in adulthood, a role that is beyond its canonical functions in animal development. In this review, we summarise recent advances in the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which endocytosis modulates Wnt signalling. We also discuss how Wnt signalling could be repurposed to regulate mitochondrial stress response in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chen Chiang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hua Chou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Pan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Peruzzo R, Costa R, Bachmann M, Leanza L, Szabò I. Mitochondrial Metabolism, Contact Sites and Cellular Calcium Signaling: Implications for Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2574. [PMID: 32927611 PMCID: PMC7564994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that are mainly involved in the generation of ATP by cellular respiration. In addition, they modulate several intracellular functions, ranging from cell proliferation and differentiation to cell death. Importantly, mitochondria are social and can interact with other organelles, such as the Endoplasmic Reticulum, lysosomes and peroxisomes. This symbiotic relationship gives advantages to both partners in regulating some of their functions related to several aspects of cell survival, metabolism, sensitivity to cell death and metastasis, which can all finally contribute to tumorigenesis. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that modulation of the length and/or numbers of these contacts, as well as of the distance between the two engaged organelles, impacts both on their function as well as on cellular signaling. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the field of contacts and communication between mitochondria and other intracellular organelles, focusing on how the tuning of mitochondrial function might impact on both the interaction with other organelles as well as on intracellular signaling in cancer development and progression, with a special focus on calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (R.P.); (R.C.); (M.B.); (I.S.)
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14
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Shen G, Liu W, Xu L, Wang LL. Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response and Its Roles in Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:627-637. [PMID: 32070227 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gerong Shen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Prosthetics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lvwan Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin-lin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Zhao A, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Li X, Li X, Ma B, Zhang Q. β-Elemonic acid inhibits the growth of human Osteosarcoma through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP activation and Wnt/β-catenin signal suppression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 69:153183. [PMID: 32113150 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a significant threat to the lives of children and young adults. Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the first choice of treatment for OS, it is limited by serious side-effects and cancer metastasis. β-Elemonic acid (β-EA), an active component extracted from Boswellia carterii Birdw., has been reported to exhibit potential anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. However, the anti-tumor effects and underlying mechanisms on OS as well as pharmacokinetic characteristics of β-EA remain unknown. PURPOSE This study was aimed to investigating the anti-tumor effects of β-EA on human OS, the underlying mechanisms, and the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution characteristics. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Cell viability and colony formation assays were performed to determine the effect of β-EA cell on cell proliferation. Apoptosis rates, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell cycle features were analyzed by flow cytometry. qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical assays were conducted to evaluate the expression levels of genes or proteins related to the pathways affected by β-EA in vitro and in vivo. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated in wound healing and Transwell chamber assays. The effects and pharmacokinetic characteristics of β-EA in vivo were evaluated by analyzing tumor suppression, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. RESULTS Explorations indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress conditions provoked by β-EA activated the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 branch of the unfolded protein reaction (UPR), stimulating C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)-regulated apoptosis and inducing Ca2+ leakage leading to caspase-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, β-EA induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibited metastasis of HOS and 143B cells by attenuating Wnt/β-catenin signaling effects, which included decreased levels of p-Akt(Ser473), p-Gsk3β (Ser9), Wnt/β-catenin target genes (c-Myc and CyclinD1) along with a decline in nuclear β-catenin accumulation. The fast absorption, short elimination half-life, and linear pharmacokinetic characteristics of β-EA were also revealed. The distribution of β-EA was detected in the tumor and bone tissues. CONCLUSIONS Overall, both in vitro and in vivo investigations showed the potential of β-EA for the treatment of human OS. The pharmacokinetic profile and considerable distribution in the tumor and bone tissues warrant further preclinical or even clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanjie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfen Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Jung J, Choi I, Ro H, Huh TL, Choe J, Rhee M. march5 Governs the Convergence and Extension Movement for Organization of the Telencephalon and Diencephalon in Zebrafish Embryos. Mol Cells 2020; 43:76-85. [PMID: 31910335 PMCID: PMC6999709 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MARCH5 is a RING finger E3 ligase involved in mitochondrial integrity, cellular protein homeostasis, and the regulation of mitochondrial fusion and fission. To determine the function of MARCH5 during development, we assessed transcript expression in zebrafish embryos. We found that march5 transcripts were of maternal origin and evenly distributed at the 1-cell stage, except for the mid-blastula transition, with expression predominantly in the developing central nervous system at later stages of embryogenesis. Overexpression of march5 impaired convergent extension movement during gastrulation, resulting in reduced patterning along the dorsoventral axis and alterations in the ventral cell types. Overexpression and knockdown of march5 disrupted the organization of the developing telencephalon and diencephalon. Lastly, we found that the transcription of march5 was tightly regulated by the transcriptional regulators CHOP, C/EBPα, Staf, Znf143a, and Znf76. These results demonstrate the essential role of March5 in the development of zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangham Jung
- Department of Life Science, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Issac Choi
- Department of Life Science, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Life Science, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Tae-Lin Huh
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Joonho Choe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Myungchull Rhee
- Department of Life Science, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
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17
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Costa R, Peruzzo R, Bachmann M, Montà GD, Vicario M, Santinon G, Mattarei A, Moro E, Quintana-Cabrera R, Scorrano L, Zeviani M, Vallese F, Zoratti M, Paradisi C, Argenton F, Brini M, Calì T, Dupont S, Szabò I, Leanza L. Impaired Mitochondrial ATP Production Downregulates Wnt Signaling via ER Stress Induction. Cell Rep 2019; 28:1949-1960.e6. [PMID: 31433973 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling affects fundamental development pathways and, if aberrantly activated, promotes the development of cancers. Wnt signaling is modulated by different factors, but whether the mitochondrial energetic state affects Wnt signaling is unknown. Here, we show that sublethal concentrations of different compounds that decrease mitochondrial ATP production specifically downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vitro in colon cancer cells and in vivo in zebrafish reporter lines. Accordingly, fibroblasts from a GRACILE syndrome patient and a generated zebrafish model lead to reduced Wnt signaling. We identify a mitochondria-Wnt signaling axis whereby a decrease in mitochondrial ATP reduces calcium uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and to impaired Wnt signaling. In turn, the recovery of the ATP level or the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress restores Wnt activity. These findings reveal a mechanism that links mitochondrial energetic metabolism to the control of the Wnt pathway that may be beneficial against several pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mattia Vicario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Santinon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rubén Quintana-Cabrera
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesca Vallese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marisa Brini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy.
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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18
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Kim SW, Brown DJ, Jester JV. Transcriptome analysis after PPARγ activation in human meibomian gland epithelial cells (hMGEC). Ocul Surf 2019; 17:809-816. [PMID: 30742991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE PPARγ plays a critical role in the maturation of immortalized human meibomian gland epithelial cells (hMGEC). To further understand the molecular changes associated with meibocyte differentiation, we analyzed transcriptome profiles from hMGEC after PPARγ activation. METHODS Three sets of cultivated hMGEC with or without exposure to PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone were used for RNA-seq analysis. RNA was isolated and processed to generate 6 libraries. The libraries were then sequenced and mapped to the human reference genome, and the expression results were gathered as reads per length of transcript in kilobases per million mapped reads (RPKM) values. Differential gene expression analyses were performed using DESeq2 and NOISeq. Gene ontology enrichment analysis (GOEA) was performed on gene sets that were upregulated or downregulated after rosiglitazone treatment. Five genes were selected for validation and differential expression was confirmed using quantitative PCR. The Differential expression of CK5 was evaluated using Western blotting. RESULTS Expression data indicated that about 58,000 genes are expressed in hMGEC. DESeq2 and NOISeq indicated that 296 and 3436 genes were upregulated and 258 and 3592 genes were down regulated after rosiglitazone treatment, respectively. Of genes showing significant differences > 2 fold, GOEA indicated that cellular and metabolic processes were highly represented. Expression of ANGPTL4, PLIN2, SQSTM1, and DDIT3 were significantly upregulated and HHIP was downregulated by rosiglitazone. CK5 was downregulated by rosiglitazone. CONCLUSIONS The RNA-seq data suggested that PPARγ activation induced alterations in cell differentiation and metabolic process and affected multiple signaling pathways such as PPAR, autophagy, WNT, and Hedgehog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Woong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea; Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Donald J Brown
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - James V Jester
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
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19
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Chiu CS, Tsai CH, Hsieh MS, Tsai SC, Jan YJ, Lin WY, Lai DW, Wu SM, Hsing HY, Arbiser JL, Sheu ML. Exploiting Honokiol-induced ER stress CHOP activation inhibits the growth and metastasis of melanoma by suppressing the MITF and β-catenin pathways. Cancer Lett 2019; 442:113-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Jiang WY, Xing C, Wang HW, Wang W, Chen SZ, Ning LF, Xu X, Tang QQ, Huang HY. A Lox/CHOP-10 crosstalk governs osteogenic and adipogenic cell fate by MSCs. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5097-5108. [PMID: 30044535 PMCID: PMC6156357 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accelerated marrow adipogenesis has been associated with ageing and osteoporosis and is thought to be because of an imbalance between adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs). We have previously found that lysyl oxidase (Lox) inhibition disrupts BMP4‐induced adipocytic lineage commitment and differentiation of MSCs. In this study, we found that lox inhibition dramatically up‐regulates BMP4‐induced expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein 10 (CHOP‐10), which then promotes BMP4‐induced osteogenesis of MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, Lox inhibition or CHOP‐10 up‐regulation activated Wnt/β‐catenin signalling to enhance BMP4‐induced osteogenesis, with pro‐adipogenic p38 MAPK and Smad signalling suppressed. Together, we demonstrate that Lox/CHOP‐10 crosstalk regulates BMP4‐induced osteogenic and adipogenic fate determination of MSCs, presenting a promising therapeutic target for osteoporosis and other bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Xing
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Biliary and Pancreatic Center, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Biliary and Pancreatic Center, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu-Fang Ning
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Melnik S, Dvornikov D, Müller-Decker K, Depner S, Stannek P, Meister M, Warth A, Thomas M, Muley T, Risch A, Plass C, Klingmüller U, Niehrs C, Glinka A. Cancer cell specific inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by forced intracellular acidification. Cell Discov 2018; 4:37. [PMID: 29977599 PMCID: PMC6028397 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-018-0033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of the diabetes type II drug Metformin is associated with a moderately lowered risk of cancer incidence in numerous tumor entities. Studying the molecular changes associated with the tumor-suppressive action of Metformin we found that the oncogene SOX4, which is upregulated in solid tumors and associated with poor prognosis, was induced by Wnt/β-catenin signaling and blocked by Metformin. Wnt signaling inhibition by Metformin was surprisingly specific for cancer cells. Unraveling the underlying specificity, we identified Metformin and other Mitochondrial Complex I (MCI) inhibitors as inducers of intracellular acidification in cancer cells. We demonstrated that acidification triggers the unfolded protein response to induce the global transcriptional repressor DDIT3, known to block Wnt signaling. Moreover, our results suggest that intracellular acidification universally inhibits Wnt signaling. Based on these findings, we combined MCI inhibitors with H+ ionophores, to escalate cancer cells into intracellular hyper-acidification and ATP depletion. This treatment lowered intracellular pH both in vitro and in a mouse xenograft tumor model, depleted cellular ATP, blocked Wnt signaling, downregulated SOX4, and strongly decreased stemness and viability of cancer cells. Importantly, the inhibition of Wnt signaling occurred downstream of β-catenin, encouraging applications in treatment of cancers caused by APC and β-catenin mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Melnik
- 1Division of Epigenetics and Cancer Risks Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany.,2DNA vectors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany
| | - Dmytro Dvornikov
- 3Division of Systems Biology and Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany.,4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Müller-Decker
- 5Tumor Models Unit, Center for Preclinical Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany
| | - Sofia Depner
- 3Division of Systems Biology and Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany
| | - Peter Stannek
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany
| | - Michael Meister
- 4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,7Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, D-69126 Germany
| | - Arne Warth
- 4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,8Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, 69120 Germany
| | - Michael Thomas
- 4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,7Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, D-69126 Germany
| | - Tomas Muley
- 4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,7Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, D-69126 Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- 1Division of Epigenetics and Cancer Risks Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany.,4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,9Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, 5020 Austria.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, 5020 Austria
| | - Christoph Plass
- 1Division of Epigenetics and Cancer Risks Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany.,4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ursula Klingmüller
- 3Division of Systems Biology and Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany.,4Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Niehrs
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany.,11Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128 Germany
| | - Andrey Glinka
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, D-69120 Germany
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22
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Huang X, Borgström B, Stegmayr J, Abassi Y, Kruszyk M, Leffler H, Persson L, Albinsson S, Massoumi R, Scheblykin IG, Hegardt C, Oredsson S, Strand D. The Molecular Basis for Inhibition of Stemlike Cancer Cells by Salinomycin. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:760-767. [PMID: 29974072 PMCID: PMC6026786 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumors are phenotypically heterogeneous and include subpopulations of cancer cells with stemlike properties. The natural product salinomycin, a K+-selective ionophore, was recently found to exert selectivity against such cancer stem cells. This selective effect is thought to be due to inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway, but the mechanistic basis remains unclear. Here, we develop a functionally competent fluorescent conjugate of salinomycin to investigate the molecular mechanism of this compound. By subcellular imaging, we demonstrate a rapid cellular uptake of the conjugate and accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This localization is connected to induction of Ca2+ release from the ER into the cytosol. Depletion of Ca2+ from the ER induces the unfolded protein response as shown by global mRNA analysis and Western blot analysis of proteins in the pathway. In particular, salinomycin-induced ER Ca2+ depletion up-regulates C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), which inhibits Wnt signaling by down-regulating β-catenin. The increased cytosolic Ca2+ also activates protein kinase C, which has been shown to inhibit Wnt signaling. These results reveal that salinomycin acts in the ER membrane of breast cancer cells to cause enhanced Ca2+ release into the cytosol, presumably by mediating a counter-flux of K+ ions. The clarified mechanistic picture highlights the importance of ion fluxes in the ER as an entry to inducing phenotypic effects and should facilitate rational development of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35C, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Borgström
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - John Stegmayr
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35C, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yasmin Abassi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, 223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Monika Kruszyk
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lo Persson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC D12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Albinsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC D12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ramin Massoumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, 223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ivan G Scheblykin
- Department of Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Hegardt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Medicon Village, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stina Oredsson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35C, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Strand
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Smenospongidine suppresses the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells by promoting CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein-mediated β-catenin degradation. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:592-600. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Caballano-Infantes E, Terron-Bautista J, Beltrán-Povea A, Cahuana GM, Soria B, Nabil H, Bedoya FJ, Tejedo JR. Regulation of mitochondrial function and endoplasmic reticulum stress by nitric oxide in pluripotent stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9:26-36. [PMID: 28289506 PMCID: PMC5329687 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i2.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are global processes that are interrelated and regulated by several stress factors. Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional biomolecule with many varieties of physiological and pathological functions, such as the regulation of cytochrome c inhibition and activation of the immune response, ERS and DNA damage; these actions are dose-dependent. It has been reported that in embryonic stem cells, NO has a dual role, controlling differentiation, survival and pluripotency, but the molecular mechanisms by which it modulates these functions are not yet known. Low levels of NO maintain pluripotency and induce mitochondrial biogenesis. It is well established that NO disrupts the mitochondrial respiratory chain and causes changes in mitochondrial Ca2+ flux that induce ERS. Thus, at high concentrations, NO becomes a potential differentiation agent due to the relationship between ERS and the unfolded protein response in many differentiated cell lines. Nevertheless, many studies have demonstrated the need for physiological levels of NO for a proper ERS response. In this review, we stress the importance of the relationships between NO levels, ERS and mitochondrial dysfunction that control stem cell fate as a new approach to possible cell therapy strategies.
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25
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Mitochondrial function controls intestinal epithelial stemness and proliferation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13171. [PMID: 27786175 PMCID: PMC5080445 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of intestinal epithelial stemness is crucial for tissue homeostasis. Disturbances in epithelial function are implicated in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Here we report that mitochondrial function plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal stemness and homeostasis. Using intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific mouse models, we show that loss of HSP60, a mitochondrial chaperone, activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (MT-UPR) and results in mitochondrial dysfunction. HSP60-deficient crypts display loss of stemness and cell proliferation, accompanied by epithelial release of WNT10A and RSPO1. Sporadic failure of Cre-mediated Hsp60 deletion gives rise to hyperproliferative crypt foci originating from OLFM4+ stem cells. These effects are independent of the MT-UPR-associated transcription factor CHOP. In conclusion, compensatory hyperproliferation of HSP60+ escaper stem cells suggests paracrine release of WNT-related factors from HSP60-deficient, functionally impaired IEC to be pivotal in the control of the proliferative capacity of the stem cell niche. It is unclear what role mitochondrial function plays in maintaining intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) homeostasis. Here, the authors deplete a mitochondrial chaperone, heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) in IEC and observe a loss of stemness and cell proliferation, and suggest this is accompanied by a compensatory release of WNT-related factors.
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26
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Zhang P, Wang W, Wei Z, Xu LI, Yang X, DU Y. xCT expression modulates cisplatin resistance in Tca8113 tongue carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:307-314. [PMID: 27347143 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), which is a subtype of head and neck cancer, is the most common type of oral cancer. Due to its high recurrence rate and chemoresistance, the average survival rate for patients with TSCC remains unsatisfactory. At present, cisplatin (CDDP) is utilized as the first-line treatment for numerous solid neoplasms, including TSCC. CDDP resistance develops in the majority of patients; however, the mechanism of such resistance remains unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the mechanism of CDDP resistance and attempted to reduce chemoresistance. The results indicated that CDDP significantly increased expression of xCT, which is the light chain and functional subunit of the glutamate/cysteine transporter system xc-, and a subsequent increase in glutathione (GSH) levels was observed. The present study demonstrated that the upregulation of xCT expression and intercellular GSH levels contributed to CDDP resistance in TSCC cells. Furthermore, xCT suppression, induced by small interfering RNA or pharmacological inhibitors, sensitized TSCC cells to CDDP treatment. In conclusion, the present study revealed that CDDP-induced xCT expression promotes CDDP chemoresistance, and xCT inhibition sensitizes TSCC cells to CDDP treatment. These results provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in TSCC cell chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Stomatology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhui Wei
- Department of Stomatology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - L I Xu
- Department of Stomatology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Xuanning Yang
- Department of Stomatology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhong DU
- Department of Stomatology, No. 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
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27
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FAM3A attenuates ER stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via CHOP-Wnt pathway. Neurochem Int 2016; 94:82-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Mullani N, Singh MK, Sharma A, Rameshbabu K, Manik RS, Palta P, Singla SK, Chauhan MS. Caspase-9 inhibitor Z-LEHD-FMK enhances the yield of in vitro produced buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) pre-implantation embryos and alters cellular stress response. Res Vet Sci 2015; 104:4-9. [PMID: 26850530 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was done to study the effect of caspase-9 inhibitor Z-LEHD-FMK, on in vitro produced buffalo embryos. Z-LEHD-FMK is a cell-permeable, competitive and irreversible inhibitor of enzyme caspase-9, which helps in cell survival. Buffalo ovaries were collected from slaughterhouse and the oocytes were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC). The culture medium was supplemented with Z-LEHD-FMK at different concentrations i.e. 0 μM (control), 10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM and 50 μM during IVM and IVC respectively. After day-2 post-insemination, the cleavage rate was significantly higher (74.20 ± 5.87% at P<0.05) in the group treated with 20 μM of Z-LEHD-FMK than at any other concentration. Same trend was observed in the blastocyst production rate which was higher at 20 μM (27.42 ± 2.94% at P<0.05). The blastocysts obtained at day-8 of the culture at different concentrations were subjected to TUNEL assay, to determine the level of apoptosis during the culture medium supplied with 20 μM Z-LEHD-FMK which showed apoptotic index significantly lower (1.88 ± 0.87 at P<0.05). There was a non-significant increase in total cell number in all Z-LEHD-FMK treated blastocysts. The quantitative gene expression of CHOP and HSP10 genes showed significant increase (P<0.05) in the group treated with 50 μM Z-LEHD-FMK, while, HSP40 showed significant increase (P<0.05) at 30 μM and 50 μM Z-LEHD-FMK concentrations. From the afore mentioned results we conclude that, Z-LEHD-FMK at 20 μM increased the cleavage and blastocyst rate of buffalo pre-implantation embryos also affecting the rate of apoptosis and cellular stress at various concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mullani
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - M K Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - A Sharma
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - K Rameshbabu
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - R S Manik
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - P Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - S K Singla
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - M S Chauhan
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India.
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29
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Zhang GF, Zhang Y, Zhao G. Crocin protects PC12 cells against MPP(+)-induced injury through inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. Neurochem Int 2015. [PMID: 26209153 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The molecular machinery that mediates neuronal injury in neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD) remains to be fully deciphered, which will hopefully provide novel therapeutic targets for these disorders. Crocin, one of the water-soluble carotenoids isolated from the Crocus sativus L (saffron) stigma, has been reported to exert therapeutic potential in many disease models. Here, we establish an in vitro PD model using 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-injured PC12 cells to investigate the protective effects of crocin. Crocin treatment significantly attenuated MPP(+)-induced cell injury and apoptosis with little toxicity, and these protective effects were still observed even if crocin treatment was delayed to 6 h after injury. Crocin also inhibited MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as evidenced by preservation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP synthesis, which correlates with suppressed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through inhibiting ER chaperone and ER related apoptotic factors. In addition, ER calcium release and morphological changes in ER lumen after MPP(+) exposure were all partially prevented by crocin. By using specific targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knockdown the expression of the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), we found that crocin-induced protection and inhibition of ER stress was mediated by inverting MPP(+)-induced decrease of Wnt through the CHOP pathway. Our study demonstrates a pivotal role of ER stress in mediating PD related neuronal injury via the regulation of CHOP-Wnt pathway, and suggests the therapeutic values of crocin against ER stress-associated cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chinese People's Liberation Army The Fourth Military Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, ICU, Shaanxi People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Chinese People's Liberation Army The Fourth Military Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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30
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Cao L, Lei H, Chang MZ, Liu ZQ, Bie XH. Down-regulation of 14-3-3β exerts anti-cancer effects through inducing ER stress in human glioma U87 cells: Involvement of CHOP-Wnt pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 462:389-95. [PMID: 25982477 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously identified 14-3-3β as a tumor-specific isoform of 14-3-3 protein in astrocytoma, but its functional role in glioma cells and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 14-3-3β inhibition in human glioma U87 cells using specific targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA). The results showed that 14-3-3β is highly expressed in U87 cells but not in normal astrocyte SVGp12 cells. Knockdown of 14-3-3β by Si-14-3-3β transfection significantly decreased the cell viability but increased the LDH release in a time-dependent fashion in U87 cells, and these effects were accompanied with G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, 14-3-3β knockdown induced ER stress in U87 cells, as evidenced by ER calcium release, increased expression of XBP1S mRNA and induction of ER related pro-apoptotic factors. Down-regulation of 14-3-3β significantly decreased the nuclear localization of β-catenin and inhibited Topflash activity, which was shown to be reversely correlated with CHOP. Furthermore, Si-CHOP and sFRP were used to inhibit CHOP and Wnt, respectively. The results showed that the anti-cancer effects of 14-3-3β knockdown in U87 cells were mediated by increased expression of CHOP and followed inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In summary, the remarkable efficiency of 14-3-3β knockdown to induce apoptotic cell death in U87 cells may find therapeutic application for the treatment of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Department of Neurological Disease, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Hui Lei
- Department of Neurological Disease, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Ming-Ze Chang
- Department of Neurological Disease, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Liu
- Department of Neurological Disease, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Bie
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Xi'an Red Cross Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.
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31
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Waldschmitt N, Berger E, Rath E, Sartor RB, Weigmann B, Heikenwalder M, Gerhard M, Janssen KP, Haller D. C/EBP homologous protein inhibits tissue repair in response to gut injury and is inversely regulated with chronic inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2014; 7:1452-66. [PMID: 24850428 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Loss of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) homeostasis and apoptosis negatively affect intestinal barrier function. Uncontrolled activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in IEC contributes to an impaired barrier and is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the contribution of the UPR target gene C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), an apoptosis-associated transcription factor, to inflammation-related disease susceptibility remains unclear. Consistent with observations in patients with ulcerative colitis, we show that despite UPR activation in the epithelium, CHOP expression was reduced in mouse models of T-cell-mediated and bacteria-driven colitis. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of IEC-specific CHOP expression, we generated a conditional transgenic mouse model (Chop(IEC Tg/Tg)). Chop overexpression increased the susceptibility toward dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced intestinal inflammation and mucosal tissue injury. Furthermore, a delayed recovery from DSS-induced colitis and impaired closure of mechanically induced mucosal wounds was observed. Interestingly, these findings seemed to be independent of CHOP-mediated apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo cell cycle analyses rather indicated a role for CHOP in epithelial cell proliferation. In conclusion, these data show that IEC-specific overexpression impairs epithelial cell proliferation and mucosal tissue regeneration, suggesting an important role for CHOP beyond mediating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Waldschmitt
- 1] Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany [2] ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biofunctionality Unit, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - E Berger
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - E Rath
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - R B Sartor
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - B Weigmann
- First Medical Clinic, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Heikenwalder
- Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Gerhard
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - K-P Janssen
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - D Haller
- 1] Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany [2] ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Biofunctionality Unit, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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32
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Do iron chelators increase the antiproliferative effect of trichostatin A through a glucose-regulated protein 78 mediated mechanism? Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5945-51. [PMID: 24622883 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, such as trichostatin A (TSA), and iron chelators, including deferoxamine (DFO) and phenanthroline (PHEN), appear to have anticancer effects. We hypothesized that the HDAC inhibitors and iron chelators would be synergistic with their effect on breast cancer cell line MCF7, because the HDAC inhibitors increase glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78) and the iron chelators reduce its expression. Although the administration of TSA alone resulted in a dose-related decrease in the cell index, it did not have an antiproliferative effect except the 62.5 and 500 nM of TSA. However, all doses of TSA produced a cytotoxic effect from the initial hours when combined with 150 μM of DFO and 25 μM of PHEN. DFO and PHEN downregulated Grp78, Grp94, and MRP1 expressions and upregulated CHOP and HO-1 expressions. TSA upregulated all the genes in various rates when used alone but resulted in decreased expression levels when combined with DFO and PHEN. Increased HDAC-1 levels in the Grp78 promoter region indicated that DFO and PHEN either promoted binding of HDAC-1 to this region or inhibited its detachment. We determined that the reduction of increased Grp78, Grp94, HO-1, and MRP1 expressions, which appears to inhibit the chemotherapeutic effect of TSA, through the combination with DFO or PHEN will contribute to the anticancer effect.
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Chen M, Ma G, Yue Y, Wei Y, Li Q, Tong Z, Zhang L, Miao G, Zhang J. Downregulation of the miR-30 family microRNAs contributes to endoplasmic reticulum stress in cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle cells. Int J Cardiol 2014; 173:65-73. [PMID: 24612558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a common subcellular response to stresses and central to ER stress is increased expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). However, the mechanisms for GRP78 upregulation remained poorly understood. Our study goal was to shed light on this issue. METHODS H2O2 was used to create cellular models of ER stress in neonatal rat ventricular cells (NRVCs) and rat aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (RAVSMCs). Molecular Biology techniques were used to quantify protein and mRNA levels. Luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to investigate miRNA targeting. MTT assay and ELISA were used to detect cell death. RESULTS MiRNAs belonging to the miR-30 family including miR-30a, b, c, d and e were all downregulated in ER stress induced by H2O2 in cardiovascular cells NRVCs and RAVSMCs, along with the upregulation of GRP78, cleaved ATF6, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12. GRP78 was confirmed to be a target gene for miR-30. Artificial knockdown of miR-30 by antimiR-30 triggered the phenotypic ER stress with significant GRP78/ATF6/CHOP/caspase-12 upregulations and cell death, while miR-30 replacement mitigated ER stress. Knockdown of CHOP by siRNA regulated all members of the miR-30 family whereas sequestration of C/EBP transcription factor by its decoy downregulated miR-30 miRNAs. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, downregulation of the miR-30 family miRNAs contributes to the ER stress and the associated upregulation of GRP78 in the cardiovascular system. The participation of miR-30 creates a positive feedback loop in the ER stress signaling pathway. MiR-30 replacement may be a viable approach for alleviating disorders associated with ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Guiling Ma
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Yin Yue
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Yu Wei
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Qiang Li
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Zichuan Tong
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Guobin Miao
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gong-Ti South Road, Beijing 100020, PR China.
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34
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Lubin A, Zhang L, Chen H, White VM, Gong F. A human XPC protein interactome--a resource. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 15:141-58. [PMID: 24366067 PMCID: PMC3907802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) is responsible for identifying and removing bulky adducts from non-transcribed DNA that result from damaging agents such as UV radiation and cisplatin. Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) is one of the essential damage recognition proteins of the GG-NER pathway and its dysfunction results in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a disorder involving photosensitivity and a predisposition to cancer. To better understand the identification of DNA damage by XPC in the context of chromatin and the role of XPC in the pathogenesis of XP, we characterized the interactome of XPC using a high throughput yeast two-hybrid screening. Our screening showed 49 novel interactors of XPC involved in DNA repair and replication, proteolysis and post-translational modifications, transcription regulation, signal transduction, and metabolism. Importantly, we validated the XPC-OTUD4 interaction by co-IP and provided evidence that OTUD4 knockdown in human cells indeed affects the levels of ubiquitinated XPC, supporting a hypothesis that the OTUD4 deubiquitinase is involved in XPC recycling by cleaving the ubiquitin moiety. This high-throughput characterization of the XPC interactome provides a resource for future exploration and suggests that XPC may have many uncharacterized cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Lubin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33156, USA; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.Z.); (H.C.); (V.M.W.)
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33156, USA; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.Z.); (H.C.); (V.M.W.)
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33156, USA; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.Z.); (H.C.); (V.M.W.)
| | - Victoria M. White
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33156, USA; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.Z.); (H.C.); (V.M.W.)
| | - Feng Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33156, USA; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.Z.); (H.C.); (V.M.W.)
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Mancini M, Leo E, Takemaru KI, Campi V, Borsi E, Castagnetti F, Gugliotta G, Santucci MA, Martinelli G. Chibby drives β catenin cytoplasmic accumulation leading to activation of the unfolded protein response in BCR-ABL1+ cells. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1820-7. [PMID: 23707389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease caused by the constitutive tyrosine kinase (TK) activity of the BCR-ABL fusion protein. However, the phenotype of leukemic stem cells (LSC) is sustained by β catenin rather than by the BCR-ABL TK. β catenin activity in CML is contingent upon its stabilization proceeding from the BCR-ABL-induced phosphorylation at critical residues for interaction with the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/Axin/glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) destruction complex or GSK3 inactivating mutations. Here we studied the impact of β catenin antagonist Chibby (CBY) on β catenin signaling in BCR-ABL1+ cells. CBY is a small conserved protein which interacts with β catenin and impairs β catenin-mediated transcriptional activation through two distinct molecular mechanisms: 1) competition with T cell factor (TCF) or lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF) for β catenin binding; and 2) nuclear export of β catenin via interaction with 14-3-3. We found that its enforced expression in K562 cell line promoted β catenin cytoplasmic translocation resulting in inhibition of target gene transcription. Moreover, cytoplasmic accumulation of β catenin activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated pathway known as unfolded protein response (UPR). CBY-driven cytoplasmic accumulation of β catenin is also a component of BCR-ABL1+ cell response to the TK inhibitor Imatinib (IM). It evoked the UPR activation leading to the induction of BCL2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) by UPR sensors. BIM, in turn, contributed to the execution phase of apoptosis in the activation of ER resident caspase 12 and mobilization of Ca(2+) stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mancini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine - DIMES - Institute of Hematology L and A Seràgnoli, University of Bologna-Medical School, Italy.
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36
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Feng Q, Zou X, Lu L, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhou J, Duan C. The stress-response gene redd1 regulates dorsoventral patterning by antagonizing Wnt/β-catenin activity in zebrafish. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52674. [PMID: 23300740 PMCID: PMC3530439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
REDD1/redd1 is a stress-response gene that is induced under various stressful conditions such as hypoxia, DNA damage, and energy stress. The increased REDD1 inhibits mTOR signaling and cell growth. Here we report an unexpected role of Redd1 in regulating dorsoventral patterning in zebrafish embryos and the underlying mechanisms. Zebrafish redd1 mRNA is maternally deposited. Although it is ubiquitously detected in many adult tissues, its expression is highly tissue-specific and dynamic during early development. Hypoxia and heat shock strongly induce redd1 expression in zebrafish embryos. Knockdown of Redd1 using two independent morpholinos results in dorsalized embryos and this effect can be rescued by injecting redd1 mRNA. Forced expression of Redd1 ventralizes embryos. Co-expression of Redd1 with Wnt3a or a constitutively active form of β-catenin suggests that Redd1 alters dorsoventral patterning by antagonizing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These findings have unraveled a novel role of Redd1 in early development by antagonizing Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Zou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yunzhang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (CD)
| | - Cunming Duan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JZ); (CD)
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Zhou X, Xie G, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhang K, Zheng S, Chu L, Xiao L, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Liu X. Potent and specific antitumor effect for colorectal cancer by CEA and Rb double regulated oncolytic adenovirus harboring ST13 gene. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47566. [PMID: 23077639 PMCID: PMC3471845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer Targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy (CTGVT) is constructed by inserting an antitumor gene into an oncolytic virus (OV). It is actually an OV-gene therapy, which has much better antitumor effect than either gene therapy alone or virotherapy alone in our previously published papers. This study is a modification of CTGVT by inserting a colorectal cancer (CRC) specific suppressor gene, ST13, into a CRC specific oncolytic virus, the Ad·CEA·E1A(Δ24), to construct the Ad·(ST13)·CEA·E1A(Δ24) for increasing the targeting tropism to colorectal cancer and it was briefly named as CTGVT-CRC. Although many studies on CEA promoter and ST13 gene were reported but no construct has been performed to combine both of them as a new strategy for colorectal cancer (CRC) specific therapy. In addition to the CRC specificity, the antitumor effect of Ad·(ST13)·CEA·E1A(Δ24) was also excellent and got nearly complete inhibition (not eradication) of CRC xenograft since ST13 was an effective antitumor gene with less toxicity, and a Chinese patent (No. 201110319434.4) was available for this study. Ad·(ST13)·CEA·E1A(Δ24) caused cell apoptosis through P38 MAPK (i.e. P38) which upregulated CHOP and ATF2 expression. The mitochondrial medicated apoptosis pathway was activated by the increase of caspase 9 and caspase 3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Zhou
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Zheng
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianli Xiao
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuemei Yu
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Larrayoz IM, Ochoa-Callejero L, García-Sanmartín J, Vicario-Abejón C, Martínez A. Role of adrenomedullin in the growth and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 297:175-234. [PMID: 22608560 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394308-8.00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have captured the imagination of the general public by their potential as new therapeutic tools in the fight against degenerative diseases. This potential is based on their capability for self-renewal and at the same time for producing progenitor cells that will eventually provide the building blocks for tissue and organ regeneration. These processes are carefully orchestrated in the organism by means of a series of molecular cues. An emerging molecule which is responsible for some of these physiological responses is adrenomedullin, a 52-amino acid regulatory peptide which increases proliferation and regulates cell fate of stem cells of different origins. Adrenomedullin binds to specific membrane receptors in stem cells and induces several intracellular pathways such as those involving cAMP, Akt, or MAPK. Regulation of adrenomedullin levels may help in directing the growth and differentiation of stem cells for applications (e.g., cell therapy) both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio M Larrayoz
- Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
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Song JH, Park JK, Yoon JW, Nam SW, Lee JY, Park WS. Genetic alterations of the CHOP gene in gastric cancers. Mol Cell Toxicol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-011-0001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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40
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Mokhtarzada S, Yu C, Brickenden A, Choy WY. Structural characterization of partially disordered human Chibby: insights into its function in the Wnt-signaling pathway. Biochemistry 2011; 50:715-26. [PMID: 21182262 PMCID: PMC3031990 DOI: 10.1021/bi101236z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
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The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is critical to embryonic development as well as adult tissue regeneration. Dysregulation of this pathway can lead to a variety of human diseases, in particular cancers. Chibby (Cby), a small and highly conserved protein, plays an antagonistic role in Wnt signaling by inhibiting the binding of β-catenin to Tcf/Lef family proteins, a protein interaction that is essential for the transcriptional activation of Wnt target genes. Cby is also involved in regulating intracellular distribution of β-catenin. Phosphorylated Cby forms a ternary complex with 14-3-3 protein and β-catenin, facilitating the export of β-catenin from the nucleus. On the other hand, the antagonistic function of Cby is inhibited upon binding to thyroid cancer-1 (TC-1). To dissect the structure−function relationship of Cby, we have used NMR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, CD, and DLS to extensively characterize the structure of human Cby. Our results show that the 126-residue Cby is partially disordered under nondenaturing conditions. While the N-terminal portion of the protein is predominantly unstructured in solution, the C-terminal half of Cby adopts a coiled-coil structure through self-association. Initial data for the binding studies of Cby to 14-3-3ζ (one of the isoforms in the 14-3-3 family) and TC-1 via these two distinct structural modules have also been obtained. It is noteworthy that in a recent large-scale analysis of the intrinsically disordered proteome of mouse, a substantial number of disordered proteins are predicted to have coiled-coil motif presence in their sequences. The combination of these two molecular recognition features could facilitate disordered Cby in assembling protein complexes via different modes of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulayman Mokhtarzada
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
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Chakraborty PK, Lee WK, Molitor M, Wolff NA, Thévenod F. Cadmium induces Wnt signaling to upregulate proliferation and survival genes in sub-confluent kidney proximal tubule cells. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:102. [PMID: 20459685 PMCID: PMC2873433 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The class 1 carcinogen cadmium (Cd2+) disrupts the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex of epithelial adherens junctions (AJs) and causes renal cancer. Deregulation of E-cadherin adhesion and changes in Wnt/β-catenin signaling are known to contribute to carcinogenesis. Results We investigated Wnt signaling after Cd2+-induced E-cadherin disruption in sub-confluent cultured kidney proximal tubule cells (PTC). Cd2+ (25 μM, 3-9 h) caused nuclear translocation of β-catenin and triggered a Wnt response measured by TOPflash reporter assays. Cd2+ reduced the interaction of β-catenin with AJ components (E-cadherin, α-catenin) and increased binding to the transcription factor TCF4 of the Wnt pathway, which was upregulated and translocated to the nucleus. While Wnt target genes (c-Myc, cyclin D1 and ABCB1) were up-regulated by Cd2+, electromobility shift assays showed increased TCF4 binding to cyclin D1 and ABCB1 promoter sequences with Cd2+. Overexpression of wild-type and mutant TCF4 confirmed Cd2+-induced Wnt signaling. Wnt signaling elicited by Cd2+ was not observed in confluent non-proliferating cells, which showed increased E-cadherin expression. Overexpression of E-cadherin reduced Wnt signaling, PTC proliferation and Cd2+ toxicity. Cd2+ also induced reactive oxygen species dependent expression of the pro-apoptotic ER stress marker and Wnt suppressor CHOP/GADD153 which, however, did not abolish Wnt response and cell viability. Conclusions Cd2+ induces Wnt signaling in PTC. Hence, Cd2+ may facilitate carcinogenesis of PTC by promoting Wnt pathway-mediated proliferation and survival of pre-neoplastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir K Chakraborty
- ZBAF, Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Witten/Herdecke, Stockumer Strasse 12, D-58453 Witten, Germany.
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Schäfer T, Pütz M, Lienkamp S, Ganner A, Bergbreiter A, Ramachandran H, Gieloff V, Gerner M, Mattonet C, Czarnecki PG, Sayer JA, Otto EA, Hildebrandt F, Kramer-Zucker A, Walz G. Genetic and physical interaction between the NPHP5 and NPHP6 gene products. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17:3655-62. [PMID: 18723859 PMCID: PMC2802281 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease, caused by mutations of at least nine different genes. Several extrarenal manifestations characterize this disorder, including cerebellar defects, situs inversus and retinitis pigmentosa. While the clinical manifestations vary significantly in NPHP, mutations of NPHP5 and NPHP6 are always associated with progressive blindness. This clinical finding suggests that the gene products, nephrocystin-5 and nephrocystin-6, participate in overlapping signaling pathways to maintain photoreceptor homeostasis. To analyze the genetic interaction between these two proteins in more detail, we studied zebrafish embryos after depletion of NPHP5 and NPHP6. Knockdown of zebrafish zNPHP5 and zNPHP6 produced similar phenotypes, and synergistic effects were observed after the combined knockdown of zNPHP5 and zNPHP6. The N-terminal domain of nephrocystin-6-bound nephrocystin-5, and mapping studies delineated the interacting site from amino acid 696 to 896 of NPHP6. In Xenopus laevis, knockdown of NPHP5 caused substantial neural tube closure defects. This phenotype was copied by expression of the nephrocystin-5-binding fragment of nephrocystin-6, and rescued by co-expression of nephrocystin-5, supporting a physical interaction between both gene products in vivo. Since the N- and C-terminal fragments of nephrocystin-6 engage in the formation of homo- and heteromeric protein complexes, conformational changes seem to regulate the interaction of nephrocystin-6 with its binding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schäfer
- Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Singh VK, Pacheco I, Uversky VN, Smith SP, MacLeod RJ, Jia Z. Intrinsically disordered human C/EBP homologous protein regulates biological activity of colon cancer cells during calcium stress. J Mol Biol 2008; 380:313-26. [PMID: 18534616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Revised: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins are emerging as substantial functional constituents of mammalian proteomes. Although the abundance of these proteins has been established by bioinformatics approaches, the vast majority have not been characterized structurally or functionally. The C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) is a proto-oncogene, traditionally shown as a dominant-negative inhibitor of C/EBPs and a transcriptional activator of activating protein-1. We report here the in vitro characterization of CHOP, where our computational analyses and experimental evidences show for the first time that CHOP is an intrinsically disordered protein. Intrinsic fluorescence, NMR spectroscopy, and analytical size-exclusion chromatography studies indicate that CHOP contains extensive disordered regions and self-associate in solution. Interestingly, the disordered N-terminal region has a key role in the oligomerization of CHOP and is vital for its biological activity. We report a novel mechanistic role of CHOP in the inhibition of Wnt/TCF signaling and stimulation of c-Jun and sucrase-isomaltase reporter activity in intestinal colon cancer cells. These findings are discussed in the context of oligomerization of intrinsically disordered proteins as one of the mechanisms through which they exert their biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay K Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Yuan L, Cao Y, Knöchel W. Endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by tunicamycin disables germ layer formation in Xenopus laevis embryos. Dev Dyn 2008; 236:2844-51. [PMID: 17849439 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is essential for correct protein targeting and secretion. ER stress caused by accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins leads to disruption of cellular functions. We have investigated the effect of ER stress on Xenopus embryogenesis. ER stress induced by tunicamycin (TM) treatment of embryos resulted in defects affecting germ layer formation. We observed up-regulation of ER stress response genes, enhanced cytoplasmic splicing of xXBP1 RNA, and increased rate of apoptosis. In animal cap assays, TM treatment inhibited mesoderm formation induced by overexpression of activin/nodal RNA but did not affect mesoderm formation induced by functional activin protein, suggesting that dysfunction of ER caused a failure in activin/nodal processing and/or secretion. The observation that activin protein renders mesoderm formation under ER stress strengthens the role of activin/nodal for mesoderm induction. The results underline the functional significance of ER homeostasis in germ layer formation during Xenopus embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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45
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IRE1beta is required for mesoderm formation in Xenopus embryos. Mech Dev 2007; 125:207-22. [PMID: 18191552 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2007.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Revised: 11/13/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IRE1 is an atypical serine/threonine kinase transmembrane protein with RNase activity. In the unfolded protein response (UPR), they function as proximal sensor of the unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Upon activation by ER stress, IRE1 performs an unconventional cytoplasmic splicing of XBP1 pre-mRNA and thus allows the synthesis of active XBP1, which activates UPR target genes to restore the homeostasis of the ER. IRE1/XBP1 signaling is hence essential for UPR but its function during embryogenesis is yet unknown. The transcripts of the two isoforms of IRE1 in Xenopus, xIRE1alpha and xIRE1beta are differentially expressed during embryogenesis. We found that xIRE1beta is sufficient for cytoplasmic splicing of xXBP1 pre-mRNA. Although gain of xIRE1beta function had no significant effect on Xenopus embryogenesis, overexpression of both, xIRE1beta and xXBP1 pre-mRNA, inhibits activin A induced mesoderm formation, suggesting that an enhanced activity of the IRE1/XBP1 pathway represses mesoderm formation. Surprisingly, while loss of XBP1 function promotes mesoderm formation, the loss of IRE1beta function led to a reduction of mesoderm formation, probably by action of IRE1 being different from the IRE1/XBP1 pathway. Therefore, both gain and loss of function studies demonstrate that IRE1 is required for mesoderm formation in Xenopus embryos.
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Pereira RC, Stadmeyer LE, Smith DL, Rydziel S, Canalis E. CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) decreases bone formation and causes osteopenia. Bone 2007; 40:619-26. [PMID: 17095306 PMCID: PMC1850334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2006.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP), is a member of the C/EBP family of nuclear proteins and plays a role in osteoblastic and adipocytic cell differentiation. CHOP is necessary for normal bone formation, but the consequences of its overexpression in vivo are not known. To investigate the direct actions of CHOP on bone remodeling in vivo, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing CHOP under the control of the human osteocalcin promoter. CHOP transgenics exhibited normal weight and reduced bone mineral density. Static and dynamic femoral bone histomorphometry revealed that CHOP overexpression caused reduced trabecular bone volume, secondary to decreased bone formation rates. One of 2 lines displayed a decrease in the number of osteoblasts, but in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labeling demonstrated that CHOP overexpression did not have an effect on osteoblastic cell replication. The decreased osteoblast cell number was accounted by an increase in apoptosis, as determined by DNA fragmentation measured by transferase-mediated digoxigenin-deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) in situ nick-end labeling (TUNEL) reaction. In conclusion, transgenic mice overexpressing CHOP in the bone microenvironment have impaired osteoblastic function leading to osteopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata C. Pereira
- Department of Research, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lisa E. Stadmeyer
- Department of Research, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Deanna L. Smith
- Department of Research, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Sheila Rydziel
- Department of Research, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Ernesto Canalis
- Department of Research, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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