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Zahoor I, Nematullah M, Ahmed ME, Fatma M, Mir S, Ayasolla K, Cerghet M, Palaniyandi S, Ceci V, Carrera G, Buttari F, Centonze D, Mao-Draayer Y, Rattan R, Chiurchiù V, Giri S. Maresin-1 promotes neuroprotection and prevents disease progression in experimental models of multiple sclerosis through metabolic reprogramming and shaping innate and adaptive disease-associated cell types. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.25.559216. [PMID: 37808700 PMCID: PMC10557612 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.25.559216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases in young adults and causes neurological abnormalities and disability. We studied the effect of maresin 1 (MaR1) on the progression of disease in a relapsing-remitting form of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (RR-EAE). Treatment with MaR1 in RR-EAE accelerated inflammation resolution, protected against neurological deficits, and delayed disease progression by decreasing immune cell infiltration (CD4+IL17+ and CD4+IFNγ+) into the CNS. Furthermore, the administration of MaR1 increased the production of IL-10, predominantly in macrophages and CD4+ cells. However, neutralizing IL-10 with an anti-IL-10 antibody abolished the protective effect of MaR1 on RR-EAE, suggesting that IL-10 plays a role in mediating the protective effect of MaR1 on EAE. Metabolism is rapidly becoming recognized as an important factor influencing the effector function of many immune cells. Using cutting-edge metabolic assays, our study revealed that compared with vehicle treatment, MaR1 treatment effectively restored the metabolic dysregulation observed in CD4+ cells, macrophages, and microglia in the treated group. Furthermore, MaR1 treatment reversed defective efferocytosis in EAE mice, which was potentially facilitated by the induction of metabolic alterations in macrophages and microglia. MaR1 treatment also protected myelin in the EAE group and regulated the metabolism of O4+ oligodendrocytes by restoring metabolic dysregulation through improved mitochondrial function and decreased glycolysis. Overall, in a preclinical MS animal model, MaR1 treatment produced anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. It also triggered metabolic reprogramming in disease-associated cell types, accelerated efferocytosis, and preserved myelination. These data support that MaR1 has potential as a novel treatment agent for MS and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Zahoor
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | | | | | - Mena Fatma
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Sajad Mir
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Kamesh Ayasolla
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mirela Cerghet
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Suresh Palaniyandi
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Veronica Ceci
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, 00133, Italy
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, 00143, Italy
| | - Giulia Carrera
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, 00143, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (Is), 86077, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (Is), 86077, Italy
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, USA
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, 00133, Italy
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, 00143, Italy
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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2
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Alves Vas FJ, Grijota Pérez FJ, Toro-Román V, Sánchez IB, Maynar Mariño M, Barrientos Vicho G. Changes in the Fatty Acid Profile in Erythrocytes in High-Level Endurance Runners during a Sports Season. Nutrients 2024; 16:1895. [PMID: 38931250 PMCID: PMC11206387 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are an essential component of the erythrocyte membrane, and nutrition and physical exercise are two variables that affect their structure and function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the erythrocyte profile in a group of high-level endurance runners, as well as the changes in different FAs, throughout a sports season in relation to the training performed. A total of 21 high-level male endurance runners (23 ± 4 years; height: 1.76 ± 0.05) were evaluated at four different times throughout a sports season. The athletes had at least 5 years of previous experience and participated in national and international competitions. The determination of the different FAs was carried out by gas chromatography. The runners exhibited low concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and omega-3 index (IND ω-3), as well as high values of stearic acid (SA), palmitic acid (PA), and arachidonic acid (AA), compared to the values of reference throughout the study. In conclusion, training modifies the erythrocyte FA profile in high-level endurance runners, reducing the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as DHA and AA and increasing the concentrations of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) such as SA and the PA. High-level endurance runners should pay special attention to the intake of PUFAs ω-3 in their diet or consider supplementation during training periods to avoid deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Alves Vas
- Faculty of Education, University Pontificia of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.J.A.V.); (I.B.S.); (G.B.V.)
| | - Fco. Javier Grijota Pérez
- Sport Science Faculty, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Isabel I University, 09003 Burgos, Spain
| | - Víctor Toro-Román
- Research Group in Technology Applied to High Performance and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, TecnoCampus, 08302 Mataró, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bartolomé Sánchez
- Faculty of Education, University Pontificia of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.J.A.V.); (I.B.S.); (G.B.V.)
| | - Marcos Maynar Mariño
- Sport Science Faculty, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Gema Barrientos Vicho
- Faculty of Education, University Pontificia of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.J.A.V.); (I.B.S.); (G.B.V.)
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3
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Reinertsen AF, Vik A, Hansen TV. Biology and Total Synthesis of n-3 Docosapentaenoic Acid-Derived Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators. Molecules 2024; 29:2833. [PMID: 38930898 PMCID: PMC11206527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Research over the last 25 years related to structural elucidations and biological investigations of the specialized pro-resolving mediators has spurred great interest in targeting these endogenous products in total synthesis. These lipid mediators govern the resolution of inflammation as potent and stereoselective agonists toward individual G-protein-coupled receptors, resulting in potent anti-inflammatory activities demonstrated in many human disease models. Specialized pro-resolving mediators are oxygenated polyunsaturated products formed in stereoselective and distinct biosynthetic pathways initiated by various lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase enzymes. In this review, the reported stereoselective total synthesis and biological activities of the specialized pro-resolving mediators biosynthesized from the polyunsaturated fatty acid n-3 docosapentaenoic acid are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway; (A.F.R.); (A.V.)
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4
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Yan QW, Liu YC, Barrett C, Haake K, Seeler D, May O, Zirkle R. Accumulation of docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA) in a novel isolate of the marine ichthyosporean Sphaeroforma arctica. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:373-383. [PMID: 38493279 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, there is lack of a consistent and highly enriched source for docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA, C22:5), and this work report the isolation of microorganism that naturally produces n-3 DPA. RESULTS In this work, we screened microorganisms in our culture collections with the goal to isolate a strain with high levels of n-3 DPA. We isolated a strain of Sphaeroforma arctica that produces up to 11% n-3 DPA in total fatty acid and has a high n-3 DPA to DHA/EPA ratio. The cell growth of the isolated strain was characterized using microscopy imaging and flow cytometer technologies to confirm the coenocytic pattern of cell divisions previously described in S. arctica. Our novel isolate of S. arctica grew more robustly and produced significantly more n-3 DPA compared to previously isolated and described strains indicating the uniqueness of the discovered strain. CONCLUSION Overall, this work reports a first isolate n-3 DPA producing microorganism and establishes the foundation for future strain improvement and elucidation of the physiological function of this LC-PUFA for human nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying-Chun Liu
- dsm-firmenich Science and Research, Columbia, MD, USA
| | | | - Kelly Haake
- dsm-firmenich Science and Research, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Seeler
- dsm-firmenich Science and Research, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Oliver May
- dsm-firmenich Science and Research, Biotechnology, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Ross Zirkle
- dsm-firmenich Science and Research, Columbia, MD, USA.
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5
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Balta MG, Schreurs O, Blix IJS, Schenck K. The effect of resolvin D1 n-3 DPA on primary oral epithelial cell migration in vitro. Eur J Oral Sci 2024; 132:e12981. [PMID: 38403843 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) are known for their anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions. The aim of the present study was to find new functions of the SPM resolvin D1n-3 DPA (RvD1n-3 DPA) on oral epithelial cells. As a starting point, we used a dataset obtained by RNA high-throughput sequencing of oral epithelial cells exposed to TNF-α and RvD1n-3 DPA versus TNF-α alone. GOrilla enrichment analysis showed that the actin cytoskeleton was significantly overrepresented after adjustment for multiple hypothesis testing. As actin, amongst others, is closely related to cell migration, we then explored whether RvD1n-3 DPA can modulate oral epithelial cell migration. To this end, we used an in vitro cell migration model, including TNF-α treatment, to mimic an inflammatory cell state. The analysis revealed that RvD1n-3 DPA increased oral epithelial cell migration in the presence but not in the absence of TNF-α. Addition of RvD1n-3 DPA also induced F actin accumulation around the cell nucleus, indicating that RvD1n-3 DPA potentially can mediate processes of intracellular transport. This indicates that this lipid mediator may be a promising therapeutic candidate in oral mucosal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Balta
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Schreurs
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Johanne Schytte Blix
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Schenck
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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6
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Palamidas DA, Chatzis L, Papadaki M, Gissis I, Kambas K, Andreakos E, Goules AV, Tzioufas AG. Current Insights into Tissue Injury of Giant Cell Arteritis: From Acute Inflammatory Responses towards Inappropriate Tissue Remodeling. Cells 2024; 13:430. [PMID: 38474394 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune disease affecting large vessels in patients over 50 years old. It is an exemplary model of a classic inflammatory disorder with IL-6 playing the leading role. The main comorbidities that may appear acutely or chronically are vascular occlusion leading to blindness and thoracic aorta aneurysm formation, respectively. The tissue inflammatory bulk is expressed as acute or chronic delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, the latter being apparent by giant cell formation. The activated monocytes/macrophages are associated with pronounced Th1 and Th17 responses. B-cells and neutrophils also participate in the inflammatory lesion. However, the exact order of appearance and mechanistic interactions between cells are hindered by the lack of cellular and molecular information from early disease stages and accurate experimental models. Recently, senescent cells and neutrophil extracellular traps have been described in tissue lesions. These structures can remain in tissues for a prolonged period, potentially favoring inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling. In this review, current advances in GCA pathogenesis are discussed in different inflammatory phases. Through the description of these-often overlapping-phases, cells, molecules, and small lipid mediators with pathogenetic potential are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Anastasios Palamidas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Loukas Chatzis
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Papadaki
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Gissis
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Evangelismos General Hospital, 11473 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kambas
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas V Goules
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Research Institute for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, 11527 Athens, Greece
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7
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Mead AJ, Ahluwalia K, Ebright B, Zhang Z, Dave P, Li Z, Zhou E, Naik AA, Ngu R, Chester C, Lu A, Asante I, Pollalis D, Martinez JC, Humayun M, Louie S. Loss of 15-Lipoxygenase in Retinodegenerative RCS Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2309. [PMID: 38396985 PMCID: PMC10889776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a retinal degenerative disease associated with a diversity of genetic mutations. In a natural progression study (NPS) evaluating the molecular changes in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats using lipidomic profiling, RNA sequencing, and gene expression analyses, changes associated with retinal degeneration from p21 to p60 were evaluated, where reductions in retinal ALOX15 expression corresponded with disease progression. This important enzyme catalyzes the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) such as lipoxins (LXs), resolvins (RvDs), and docosapentaenoic acid resolvins (DPA RvDs), where reduced ALOX15 corresponded with reduced SPMs. Retinal DPA RvD2 levels were found to correlate with retinal structural and functional decline. Retinal RNA sequencing comparing p21 with p60 showed an upregulation of microglial inflammatory pathways accompanied by impaired damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) clearance pathways. This analysis suggests that ALXR/FPR2 activation can ameliorate disease progression, which was supported by treatment with an LXA4 analog, NAP1051, which was able to promote the upregulation of ALOX12 and ALOX15. This study showed that retinal inflammation from activated microglia and dysregulation of lipid metabolism were central to the pathogenesis of retinal degeneration in RP, where ALXR/FPR2 activation was able to preserve retinal structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew James Mead
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Kabir Ahluwalia
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Brandon Ebright
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Priyal Dave
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Zeyang Li
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Eugene Zhou
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Aditya Anil Naik
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Rachael Ngu
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Catherine Chester
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Angela Lu
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Isaac Asante
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
- University of Southern California Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (D.P.); (J.C.M.); (M.H.)
- University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Dimitrios Pollalis
- University of Southern California Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (D.P.); (J.C.M.); (M.H.)
- University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Martinez
- University of Southern California Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (D.P.); (J.C.M.); (M.H.)
- University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mark Humayun
- University of Southern California Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (D.P.); (J.C.M.); (M.H.)
- University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Stan Louie
- Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (A.J.M.); (K.A.); (B.E.); (Z.Z.); (P.D.); (Z.L.); (E.Z.); (A.A.N.); (R.N.); (C.C.); (A.L.); (I.A.)
- University of Southern California Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (D.P.); (J.C.M.); (M.H.)
- University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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8
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Natami M, Hosseini SM, Khaleel RA, Addulrahman TS, Zarei M, Asadi S, Gholami S, Mehrvar A. The role of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in inflammatory arthritis: A therapeutic strategy. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 170:106798. [PMID: 37977352 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is classified as a persistent inflammatory autoimmune disorder leading to the subsequent erosion of articular cartilage and bone tissue originating from the synovium. The fundamental objective of therapeutic interventions in RA has been the suppression of inflammation. Nevertheless, conventional medicines that lack target specificity may exhibit unpredictable effects on cell metabolism. In recent times, there has been evidence suggesting that specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), which are lipid metabolites, have a role in facilitating the resolution of inflammation and the reestablishment of tissue homeostasis. SPMs are synthesized by immune cells through the enzymatic conversion of omega-3 fatty acids. In the context of RA, there is a possibility of dysregulation in the production of these SPMs. In this review, we delve into the present comprehension of the endogenous functions of SPMs in RA as lipids that exhibit pro-resolutive, protective, and immunoresolvent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Hosseini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, School of Dentistry, Azad University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sahar Asadi
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sepideh Gholami
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mehrvar
- Taleghani Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Fredman G, Serhan CN. Specialized pro-resolving mediators in vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-023-00984-x. [PMID: 38216693 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Timely resolution of the acute inflammatory response (or inflammation resolution) is an active, highly coordinated process that is essential to optimal health. Inflammation resolution is regulated by specific endogenous signalling molecules that function as 'stop signals' to terminate the inflammatory response when it is no longer needed; to actively promote healing, regeneration and tissue repair; and to limit pain. Specialized pro-resolving mediators are a superfamily of signalling molecules that initiate anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions. Without an effective and timely resolution response, inflammation can become chronic, a pathological state that is associated with many widely occurring human diseases, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Uncovering the mechanisms of inflammation resolution failure in cardiovascular diseases and identifying useful biomarkers for non-resolving inflammation are unmet needs. In this Review, we discuss the accumulating evidence that supports the role of non-resolving inflammation in atherosclerosis and the use of specialized pro-resolving mediators as therapeutic tools for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We highlight open questions about therapeutic strategies and mechanisms of disease to provide a framework for future studies on the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fredman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anaesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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10
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Zahoor I, Waters J, Ata N, Datta I, Pedersen TL, Cerghet M, Poisson L, Markovic-Plese S, Rattan R, Taha AY, Newman JW, Giri S. Blood-based targeted metabolipidomics reveals altered omega fatty acid-derived lipid mediators in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.04.574253. [PMID: 38260401 PMCID: PMC10802284 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.04.574253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Unresolved and uncontrolled inflammation is considered a hallmark of pathogenesis in chronic inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a defective resolution process. Inflammatory resolution is an active process partially mediated by endogenous metabolites of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), collectively termed specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs). Altered levels of resolution mediators have been reported in several inflammatory diseases and may partly explain impaired inflammatory resolution. Performing LC-MS/MS-based targeted lipid mediator profiling, we observed distinct changes in fatty acid metabolites in serum from 30 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients relative to 30 matched healthy subjects (HS). Robust linear regression revealed 12 altered lipid mediators after adjusting for confounders (p <0.05). Of these, 15d-PGJ2, PGE3, and LTB5 were increased in MS while PGF2a, 8,9-DiHETrE, 5,6-DiHETrE, 20-HETE, 15-HETE, 12-HETE, 12-HEPE, 14-HDoHE, and DHEA were decreased in MS compared to HS. In addition, 12,13-DiHOME and 12,13-DiHODE were positively correlated with expanded disability status scale values (EDSS). Using Partial Least Squares, we identified several lipid mediators with high VIP scores (VIP > 1: 32% - 52%) of which POEA, PGE3, DHEA, LTB5, and 12-HETE were top predictors for distinguishing between RRMS and HS (AUC =0.75) based on the XGBoost Classifier algorithm. Collectively, these findings suggest an imbalance between inflammation and resolution. Altogether, lipid mediators appear to have potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Zahoor
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
| | - Jeffrey Waters
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
| | - Nasar Ata
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
| | - Indrani Datta
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
| | | | - Mirela Cerghet
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
| | - Laila Poisson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
| | - Silva Markovic-Plese
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Division of Gynaecology Oncology, Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
| | - Ameer Y. Taha
- Department of Food and Technology, University of California, Davis, USA
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John W. Newman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, 48202, USA
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11
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Parolini C. The Role of Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammatory-Based Disease: The Case of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mar Drugs 2023; 22:17. [PMID: 38248642 PMCID: PMC10817514 DOI: 10.3390/md22010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a conserved process that involves the activation of immune and non-immune cells aimed at protecting the host from bacteria, viruses, toxins and injury. However, unresolved inflammation and the permanent release of pro-inflammatory mediators are responsible for the promotion of a condition called "low-grade systemic chronic inflammation", which is characterized by tissue and organ damage, metabolic changes and an increased susceptibility to non-communicable diseases. Several studies have demonstrated that different dietary components may influence modifiable risk factors for diverse chronic human pathologies. Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), mainly eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are well-recognized anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents that are able to influence many aspects of the inflammatory process. The aim of this article is to review the recent literature that relates to the modulation of human disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, by n-3 PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Parolini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Rodolfo Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
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12
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Zhang X, Zhang H. Pro-resolving and anti-inflammatory effects of resolvins and protectins in rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2995-3004. [PMID: 37831392 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is typified by persistent joint inflammation, which leads to the deterioration of bone and cartilage and a reduction in overall quality of life. The global prevalence of pain as a primary symptom in RA is influenced by the interplay between inflammation and its resolution. The identification of a family of lipid mediators known as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM)s has contributed to the progress of our comprehension of inflammatory conditions. SPMs have been observed to trigger the process of inflammation resolution, thereby reinstating the homeostasis of the inflammatory response. Autacoids are synthesized through the stereo-selective transformation of essential fatty acids, resulting in molecules dynamically modulated during inflammation and possessing strong immunoregulatory properties. This review delves into the available evidence that supports the involvement of certain SPM as protective lipids, biomarkers with potential, and therapeutic targets in the context of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Hongting Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
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13
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Neprelyuk OA, Zhad'ko SI, Romanenko IG, Kriventsov MA. Adjunctive use of omega-3 fatty acids in combination with low-dose aspirin in periodontitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1128-1138. [PMID: 37787044 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most common dental diseases with a range of treatment approaches, including pathogenetically reasonable use of various host immune modulators. One such approach is the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in combination with low-dose aspirin. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to compare the standard treatment alone and adjunctive use of omega-3 PUFAs in combination with low-dose aspirin with or without standard treatment in patients with periodontitis. A systematic review of the literature was performed using MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar databases. Selection criteria included the following: randomized controlled trials in subjects with periodontitis in the age group above 18 years old, with follow-up periods ranging from 6 weeks to 6 months. The meta-analysis was performed using standard methodological procedures according to Cochrane recommendations, including assessment of risk-of-bias and level of evidence (GRADE). Meta-analysis was performed for such clinical outcomes as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and bleeding index (BI) based on data from seven randomized clinical trials conducted between 2010 and 2020. It was shown that adjunctive use of omega-3 PUFAs in combination with low-dose aspirin results in significant clinical improvement in PD, CAL and GI during both short and prolonged follow-up periods. The use of omega-3 PUFAs and low-dose aspirin in periodontitis patients may be promising as an adjunct therapy, however, due to a limited number of patients and significant heterogeneity, further studies need to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Neprelyuk
- Orthopedic Dentistry Department, Medical Academy named after SI Georgievsky, VI Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia
| | - Sergey I Zhad'ko
- Orthopedic Dentistry Department, Medical Academy named after SI Georgievsky, VI Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia
| | - Inessa G Romanenko
- Dentistry Department, Medical Academy named after SI Georgievsky, VI Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia
| | - Maxim A Kriventsov
- Pathomorphology Department, Medical Academy named after SI Georgievsky, VI Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia
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14
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Ervik K, Reinertsen AF, Koenis DS, Dalli J, Hansen TV. Stereoselective Synthesis, Pro-resolution, and Anti-inflammatory Actions of RvD5 n-3 DPA. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2546-2553. [PMID: 37879110 PMCID: PMC10683074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The methyl ester of resolvin D5n-3 DPA, a lipid mediator biosynthesized from the omega-3 fatty acid n-3 docosapentaenoic acid, was stereoselectively prepared in 8% yield over 12 steps (longest linear sequence). The key steps for the introduction of the two stereogenic secondary alcohols were an organocatalyzed oxyamination and the Midland Alpine borane reduction. For the assembly of the carbon chain, the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction and the Takai olefination were utilized. The physical properties, including retention time in liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectra, of the synthetic material were matched against material from human peripheral blood and mouse infectious exudates. Synthetic RvD5n-3 DPA, obtained just prior to biological experiments, displayed potent leukocyte-directed activities, upregulating the ability of neutrophils and macrophages to phagocytose bacteria, known as hallmark bioactions of specialized pro-resolving endogenous mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ervik
- Department
of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Amalie F. Reinertsen
- Department
of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Duco S. Koenis
- Lipid
Mediator Unit, Center for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey
Research, Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Lipid
Mediator Unit, Center for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey
Research, Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Trond V. Hansen
- Department
of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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15
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Favor OK, Rajasinghe LD, Wierenga KA, Maddipati KR, Lee KSS, Olive AJ, Pestka JJ. Crystalline silica-induced proinflammatory eicosanoid storm in novel alveolar macrophage model quelled by docosahexaenoic acid supplementation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274147. [PMID: 38022527 PMCID: PMC10665862 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phagocytosis of inhaled crystalline silica (cSiO2) particles by tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (AMs) initiates generation of proinflammatory eicosanoids derived from the ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) arachidonic acid (ARA) that contribute to chronic inflammatory disease in the lung. While supplementation with the ω-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may influence injurious cSiO2-triggered oxylipin responses, in vitro investigation of this hypothesis in physiologically relevant AMs is challenging due to their short-lived nature and low recovery numbers from mouse lungs. To overcome these challenges, we employed fetal liver-derived alveolar-like macrophages (FLAMs), a self-renewing surrogate that is phenotypically representative of primary lung AMs, to discern how DHA influences cSiO2-induced eicosanoids. Methods We first compared how delivery of 25 µM DHA as ethanolic suspensions or as bovine serum albumin (BSA) complexes to C57BL/6 FLAMs impacts phospholipid fatty acid content. We subsequently treated FLAMs with 25 µM ethanolic DHA or ethanol vehicle (VEH) for 24 h, with or without LPS priming for 2 h, and with or without cSiO2 for 1.5 or 4 h and then measured oxylipin production by LC-MS lipidomics targeting for 156 oxylipins. Results were further related to concurrent proinflammatory cytokine production and cell death induction. Results DHA delivery as ethanolic suspensions or BSA complexes were similarly effective at increasing ω-3 PUFA content of phospholipids while decreasing the ω-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (ARA) and the ω-9 monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid. cSiO2 time-dependently elicited myriad ARA-derived eicosanoids consisting of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids in unprimed and LPS-primed FLAMs. This cSiO2-induced eicosanoid storm was dramatically suppressed in DHA-supplemented FLAMs which instead produced potentially pro-resolving DHA-derived docosanoids. cSiO2 elicited marked IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α release after 1.5 and 4 h of cSiO2 exposure in LPS-primed FLAMs which was significantly inhibited by DHA. DHA did not affect cSiO2-triggered death induction in unprimed FLAMs but modestly enhanced it in LPS-primed FLAMs. Discussion FLAMs are amenable to lipidome modulation by DHA which suppresses cSiO2-triggered production of ARA-derived eicosanoids and proinflammatory cytokines. FLAMs are a potential in vitro alternative to primary AMs for investigating interventions against early toxicant-triggered inflammation in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K. Favor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Lichchavi D. Rajasinghe
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kathryn A. Wierenga
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Andrew J. Olive
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James J. Pestka
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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16
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Ali O, Szabó A. Review of Eukaryote Cellular Membrane Lipid Composition, with Special Attention to the Fatty Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15693. [PMID: 37958678 PMCID: PMC10649022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes, primarily composed of lipids, envelop each living cell. The intricate composition and organization of membrane lipids, including the variety of fatty acids they encompass, serve a dynamic role in sustaining cellular structural integrity and functionality. Typically, modifications in lipid composition coincide with consequential alterations in universally significant signaling pathways. Exploring the various fatty acids, which serve as the foundational building blocks of membrane lipids, provides crucial insights into the underlying mechanisms governing a myriad of cellular processes, such as membrane fluidity, protein trafficking, signal transduction, intercellular communication, and the etiology of certain metabolic disorders. Furthermore, comprehending how alterations in the lipid composition, especially concerning the fatty acid profile, either contribute to or prevent the onset of pathological conditions stands as a compelling area of research. Hence, this review aims to meticulously introduce the intricacies of membrane lipids and their constituent fatty acids in a healthy organism, thereby illuminating their remarkable diversity and profound influence on cellular function. Furthermore, this review aspires to highlight some potential therapeutic targets for various pathological conditions that may be ameliorated through dietary fatty acid supplements. The initial section of this review expounds on the eukaryotic biomembranes and their complex lipids. Subsequent sections provide insights into the synthesis, membrane incorporation, and distribution of fatty acids across various fractions of membrane lipids. The last section highlights the functional significance of membrane-associated fatty acids and their innate capacity to shape the various cellular physiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omeralfaroug Ali
- Agrobiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Physiology and Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary;
| | - András Szabó
- Agrobiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Physiology and Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
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17
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Sahni V, Van Dyke TE. Immunomodulation of periodontitis with SPMs. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1288722. [PMID: 37927821 PMCID: PMC10623003 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1288722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical component in the pathophysiology of numerous disease processes, with most therapeutic modalities focusing on its inhibition in order to achieve treatment outcomes. The resolution of inflammation is a separate, distinct pathway that entails the reversal of the inflammatory process to a state of homoeostasis rather than selective inhibition of specific components of the inflammatory cascade. The discovery of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) resulted in a paradigm shift in our understanding of disease etiopathology. Periodontal disease, traditionally considered as one of microbial etiology, is now understood to be an inflammation-driven process associated with dysbiosis of the oral microbiome that may be modulated with SPMs to achieve therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Sahni
- Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Thomas E. Van Dyke
- Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Faculty of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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18
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Fredman G, Khan S. Specialized pro-resolving mediators enhance the clearance of dead cells. Immunol Rev 2023; 319:151-157. [PMID: 37787174 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The failure to resolve inflammation underpins to several prevalent diseases, like atherosclerosis, and so identifying ways to boost resolution is unmet clinical needs. The resolution of inflammation is governed by several factors such as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that counter-regulate pro-inflammatory pathways and promote tissue repair without compromising host defense. A major function of nearly all SPMs is to enhance the clearance of dead cells or efferocytosis. As such, phagocytes, such as macrophages, are essential cellular players in the resolution of inflammation because of their ability to rapidly and efficiently clear dead cells. This review highlights the role of SPMs in the clearance of apoptotic and necroptotic cells and offers insights into how targeting efferocytosis may provide new treatments for non-resolving diseases, like atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fredman
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Sayeed Khan
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
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19
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Rasquel-Oliveira FS, Silva MDVD, Martelossi-Cebinelli G, Fattori V, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators: Endogenous Roles and Pharmacological Activities in Infections. Molecules 2023; 28:5032. [PMID: 37446699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During an infection, inflammation mobilizes immune cells to eliminate the pathogen and protect the host. However, inflammation can be detrimental when exacerbated and/or chronic. The resolution phase of the inflammatory process is actively orchestrated by the specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), generated from omega-3 and -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that bind to different G-protein coupled receptors to exert their activity. As immunoresolvents, SPMs regulate the influx of leukocytes to the inflammatory site, reduce cytokine and chemokine levels, promote bacterial clearance, inhibit the export of viral transcripts, enhance efferocytosis, stimulate tissue healing, and lower antibiotic requirements. Metabolomic studies have evaluated SPM levels in patients and animals during infection, and temporal regulation of SPMs seems to be essential to properly coordinate a response against the microorganism. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on SPM biosynthesis and classifications, endogenous production profiles and their effects in animal models of bacterial, viral and parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S Rasquel-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Matheus Deroco Veloso da Silva
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geovana Martelossi-Cebinelli
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
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20
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Eltay EG, Van Dyke T. Resolution of inflammation in oral diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023:108453. [PMID: 37244405 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is an essential endogenous process that protects host tissues from an exaggerated chronic inflammatory response. Multiple interactions between host cells and resident oral microbiome regulate the protective functions that lead to inflammation in the oral cavity. Failure of appropriate regulation of inflammation can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases that result from an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution mediators. Thus, failure of the host to resolve inflammation can be considered an essential pathological mechanism for progression from the late stages of acute inflammation to a chronic inflammatory response. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), which are essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived autacoid mediators, aid in regulating the endogenous inflammation resolving process by stimulating immune cell-mediated clearance of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils, cellular debris, and microbes, restricting further neutrophil tissue infiltration, and counter-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The SPM superfamily contains four specialized lipid mediator families: lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins that can activate resolution pathways. Understanding the crosstalk between resolution signals in the tissue response to injury has therapeutic application potential for preventing, maintaining, and regenerating chronically damaged tissues. Here, we discuss the fundamental concepts of resolution as an active biochemical process, novel concepts demonstrating the role of resolution mediators in tissue regeneration in periodontal and pulpal diseases, and future directions for therapeutic applications with particular emphasis on periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiba G Eltay
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas Van Dyke
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
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21
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Sousa AB, Barbosa JN. The Use of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators in Biomaterial-Based Immunomodulation. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040223. [PMID: 37103313 PMCID: PMC10145769 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The implantation of a biomaterial will lead to the immediate onset of an acute inflammatory response, which is of key importance in shaping the quality of the repair process. However, the return to homeostasis is critical to prevent a chronic inflammatory response that may impair the healing process. The resolution of the inflammatory response is now recognized as an active and highly regulated process, being described as specialized immunoresolvents that have a fundamental role in the termination of the acute inflammatory response. These mediators collectively coined as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are a family of endogenous molecules that include lipoxins (Lx), resolvins (Rv), protectins (PD), maresins (Mar), Cysteinyl-SPMs (Cys-SPMs) and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid-derived SPMs (n-3 DPA-derived SPMs). SPMs have important anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive actions such as decreasing the recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), inducing the recruitment of anti-inflammatory macrophages, and increasing macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells through a process known as efferocytosis. Over the last years, the trend in biomaterials research has shifted towards the engineering of materials that are able to modulate the inflammatory response and thus stimulate appropriate immune responses, the so-called immunomodulatory biomaterials. These materials should be able to modulate the host immune response with the aim of creating a pro-regenerative microenvironment. In this review, we explore the potential of using of SPMs in the development of new immunomodulatory biomaterials and we propose insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-125 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-125 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Judite N Barbosa
- i3S-Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-125 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-125 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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22
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Deciphering Complex Interactions in Bioactive Lipid Signaling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062622. [PMID: 36985594 PMCID: PMC10057854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are usually viewed as metabolic fuel and structural membrane components. Yet, in recent years, different families of lipids able to act as authentic messengers between cells and/or intracellularly have been discovered. Such lipid signals have been shown to exert their biological activity via specific receptors that, by triggering distinct signal transduction pathways, regulate manifold pathophysiological processes in our body. Here, endogenous bioactive lipids produced from arachidonic acid (AA) and other poly-unsaturated fatty acids will be presented, in order to put into better perspective the relevance of their mutual interactions for health and disease conditions. To this end, metabolism and signal transduction pathways of classical eicosanoids, endocannabinoids and specialized pro-resolving mediators will be described, and the intersections and commonalities of their metabolic enzymes and binding receptors will be discussed. Moreover, the interactions of AA-derived signals with other bioactive lipids such as shingosine-1-phosphate and steroid hormones will be addressed.
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23
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Dalli J, Kitch D, O'Brien MP, Hunt PW, Funderburg N, Moisi D, Gupta A, Brown TT, Tien PC, Aberg JA, Shivakoti R. Pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators of inflammation in HIV: effect of aspirin intervention. EBioMedicine 2023; 89:104468. [PMID: 36791659 PMCID: PMC10025757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to HIV-seronegative individuals (SN). Inflammation contributes to this risk but the role of lipid mediators, with central roles in inflammation, in HIV infection remain to be established; further aspirin reduces CVD risk in the general population through production of some of these anti-inflammatory lipid mediators, but they have not been studied in PWH. METHODS We evaluated the relationship between plasma lipid mediators (i.e. 50 lipid mediators including classic eicosanoids and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs)) and HIV status; and the impact of aspirin in PWH on regulating these autacoids. Plasma samples were obtained from 110 PWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) from a randomized trial of aspirin (ACTG-A5331) and 107 matched SN samples (MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort). FINDINGS PWH had lower levels of arachidonic acid-derived pro-inflammatory prostaglandins (PGs: PGE2 and PGD2) and thromboxanes (Tx: TxB2), and higher levels of select pro-resolving lipid mediators (e.g. RvD4 and MaR2n-3 DPA) compared to SN. At the interval tested, aspirin intervention was observed to reduced PGs and Tx, and while we did not observe an increase in aspirin triggered mediators, we observed the upregulation of other SPM in aspirin treated PWH, namely MaR2n-3 DPA. INTERPRETATION Together these observations demonstrate that plasma lipid mediators profiles, some with links to systemic inflammation and CVD risk, become altered in PWH. Furthermore, aspirin intervention did not increase levels of aspirin-triggered pro-resolving lipid mediators, consistent with other reports of an impaired aspirin response in PWH. FUNDING NIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Center for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Douglas Kitch
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | - Peter W Hunt
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, USA and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - Nicholas Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Daniela Moisi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Amita Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Todd T Brown
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Phyllis C Tien
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, USA and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Rupak Shivakoti
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA.
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24
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Yasmeen N, Selvaraj H, Lakhawat SS, Datta M, Sharma PK, Jain A, Khanna R, Srinivasan J, Kumar V. Possibility of averting cytokine storm in SARS-COV 2 patients using specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115437. [PMID: 36731803 PMCID: PMC9884647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fatal "cytokine storms (CS)" observed in critically ill COVID-19 patients are consequences of dysregulated host immune system and over-exuberant inflammatory response. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-system organ failure, and eventual death are distinctive symptoms, attributed to higher morbidity and mortality rates among these patients. Consequent efforts to save critical COVID-19 patients via the usage of several novel therapeutic options are put in force. Strategically, drugs being used in such patients are dexamethasone, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, etc. along with the approved vaccines. Moreover, it is certain that activation of the resolution process is important for the prevention of chronic diseases. Until recently Inflammation resolution was considered a passive process, rather it's an active biochemical process that can be achieved by the use of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). These endogenous mediators are an array of atypical lipid metabolites that include Resolvins, lipoxins, maresins, protectins, considered as immunoresolvents, but their role in COVID-19 is ambiguous. Recent evidence from studies such as the randomized clinical trial, in which omega 3 fatty acid was used as supplement to resolve inflammation in COVID-19, suggests that direct supplementation of SPMs or the use of synthetic SPM mimetics (which are still being explored) could enhance the process of resolution by regulating the aberrant inflammatory process and can be useful in pain relief and tissue remodeling. Here we discussed the biosynthesis of SPMs, & their mechanistic pathways contributing to inflammation resolution along with sequence of events leading to CS in COVID-19, with a focus on therapeutic potential of SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrath Yasmeen
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harikrishnan Selvaraj
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudarshan S Lakhawat
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manali Datta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pushpender K Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rakhi Khanna
- Rajasthan State Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Vikram Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
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25
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Pannkuk EL, Dorville NASY, Bansal S, Bansal S, Dzal YA, Fletcher QE, Norquay KJO, Fornace AJ, Willis CKR. White-Nose Syndrome Disrupts the Splenic Lipidome of Little Brown Bats ( Myotis lucifugus) at Early Disease Stages. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:182-192. [PMID: 36479878 PMCID: PMC9929917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
White-nose syndrome (WNS)-positive little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) may exhibit immune responses including increased cytokine and pro-inflammatory mediator gene levels. Bioactive lipid mediators (oxylipins) formed by enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids can contribute to these immune responses, but have not been investigated in WNS pathophysiology. Nonenzymatic conversion of polyunsaturated fatty acids can also occur due to reactive oxygen species, however, these enantiomeric isomers will lack the same signaling properties. In this study, we performed a series of targeted lipidomic approaches on laboratory Pseudogymnoascus destructans-inoculated bats to assess changes in their splenic lipidome, including the formation of lipid mediators at early stages of WNS. Hepatic lipids previously identified were also resolved to a higher structural detail. We compared WNS-susceptible M. lucifugus to a WNS-resistant species, the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus). Altered splenic lipid levels were only observed in M. lucifugus. Differences in splenic free fatty acids included both omega-3 and omega-6 compounds. Increased levels of an enantiomeric monohydroxy DHA mixture were found, suggesting nonenzymatic formation. Changes in previously identified hepatic lipids were confined to omega-3 constituents. Together, these results suggest that increased oxidative stress, but not an inflammatory response, is occurring in bats at early stages of WNS that precedes fat depletion. These data have been submitted to metabolomics workbench and assigned a study number ST002304.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L. Pannkuk
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America,Center for Metabolomic Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America,Corresponding Authors: Evan L. Pannkuk, PhD, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, New Research Building, Room E504, Washington, DC, USA, 20057, , Phone: (202) 687-5650, Craig K.R. Willis, PhD, University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2E9, Canada, , Phone: (204) 786-9433
| | - Nicole A. S.-Y. Dorville
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Shivani Bansal
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America
| | - Sunil Bansal
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America
| | - Yvonne A. Dzal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Quinn E. Fletcher
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Kaleigh J. O. Norquay
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Albert J. Fornace
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America,Center for Metabolomic Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America
| | - Craig K. R. Willis
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2E9, Canada,Corresponding Authors: Evan L. Pannkuk, PhD, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, New Research Building, Room E504, Washington, DC, USA, 20057, , Phone: (202) 687-5650, Craig K.R. Willis, PhD, University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2E9, Canada, , Phone: (204) 786-9433
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26
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Burzynska-Pedziwiatr I, Dudzik D, Sansone A, Malachowska B, Zieleniak A, Zurawska-Klis M, Ferreri C, Chatgilialoglu C, Cypryk K, Wozniak LA, Markuszewski MJ, Bukowiecka-Matusiak M. Targeted and untargeted metabolomic approach for GDM diagnosis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:997436. [PMID: 36685282 PMCID: PMC9849575 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.997436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disorder which manifests itself for the first time during pregnancy and is mainly connected with glucose metabolism. It is also known that fatty acid profile changes in erythrocyte membranes and plasma could be associated with obesity and insulin resistance. These factors can lead to the development of diabetes. In the reported study, we applied the untargeted analysis of plasma in GDM against standard glucose-tolerant (NGT) women to identify the differences in metabolomic profiles between those groups. We found higher levels of 2-hydroxybutyric and 3-hydroxybutyric acids. Both secondary metabolites are associated with impaired glucose metabolism. However, they are products of different metabolic pathways. Additionally, we applied lipidomic profiling using gas chromatography to examine the fatty acid composition of cholesteryl esters in the plasma of GDM patients. Among the 14 measured fatty acids characterizing the representative plasma lipidomic cluster, myristic, oleic, arachidonic, and α-linoleic acids revealed statistically significant changes. Concentrations of both myristic acid, one of the saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and oleic acid, which belong to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), tend to decrease in GDM patients. In the case of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), some of them tend to increase (e.g., arachidonic), and some of them tend to decrease (e.g., α-linolenic). Based on our results, we postulate the importance of hydroxybutyric acid derivatives, cholesteryl ester composition, and the oleic acid diminution in the pathophysiology of GDM. There are some evidence suggests that the oleic acid can have the protective role in diabetes onset. However, metabolic alterations that lead to the onset of GDM are complex; therefore, further studies are needed to confirm our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danuta Dudzik
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Sansone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beata Malachowska
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,Department of Clinic Nursing, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,Department of Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Zieleniak
- Laboratory of Metabolomic Studies, Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Zurawska-Klis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Carla Ferreri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Lucyna A. Wozniak
- Laboratory of Metabolomic Studies, Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michal J. Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Bukowiecka-Matusiak
- Laboratory of Metabolomic Studies, Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,*Correspondence: Malgorzata Bukowiecka-Matusiak,
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27
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Flak MB, Koenis DS, Gonzalez-Nunez M, Chopo-Pizarro A, Dalli J. Deletion of macrophage Gpr101 disrupts their phenotype and function dysregulating host immune responses in sterile and infectious inflammation. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 207:115348. [PMID: 36400250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We recently found that the G protein coupled receptor GPR101 mediates the phagocyte-directed pro-resolving activities of RvD5n-3 DPA (n-3 docosapentaenoic acid-derived Resolvin D5). Herein, we investigated the endogenous role of this pro-resolving receptor in modulating macrophage biology using a novel mouse line where the expression of Gpr101 was conditionally deleted in macrophages (MacGpr101KO). Peritoneal macrophages obtained from naïve MacGpr101KO mice displayed a marked shift in the expression of phenotypic and activation markers, including the Interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-23 receptors. Loss of Gpr101 on macrophages was also associated with a significant disruption in their cellular metabolism and a decreased ability to migrate towards the chemoattractant Mcp-1. The alterations in macrophage phenotype observed in Gpr101 deficient macrophages were maintained following inflammatory challenge. This was linked with an increased inflammatory response in the Gpr101 deficient animals and a reduced ability of phagocytes, including macrophages, to clear bacteria. Loss of Gpr101 on macrophages disrupted host pro-resolving responses to zymosan challenge with MacGpr101KO mice exhibiting significantly higher neutrophil numbers and a delay in the resolution interval when compared with control mice. These observations were linked with a marked dysregulation in peritoneal lipid mediator concentrations in Gpr101 deficient mice, with a downregulation of pro-resolving mediators including MaR2n-3 DPA, Resolvin (Rv) D3 and RvE3. Together these findings identify Gpr101 as a novel regulator of both macrophage phenotype and function, modulating key biological activities in both limiting the propagation of inflammation and expediting its resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena B Flak
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Duco S Koenis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ UK
| | - Maria Gonzalez-Nunez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ UK
| | - Ana Chopo-Pizarro
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ UK
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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28
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Hansen TV, Serhan CN. Protectins: Their biosynthesis, metabolism and structure-functions. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115330. [PMID: 36341938 PMCID: PMC9838224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Several lipoxygenase enzymes and cyclooxygenase-2 stereoselectively convert the polyunsaturated fatty acids arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid into numerous oxygenated products. Biosynthetic pathway studies have shown, during the resolution phase of acute inflammation, that distinct families of endogenous products are formed. These products were named specialized pro-resolving mediators, given their specialized functions in the inflammation-resolution circuit, enhancing the return of inflamed and injured tissue to homeostasis. The lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins, together with the sulfido-conjugates of the resolvins, protectins and maresins, constitute the four individual families of these local mediators. When administrated in vivo in a wide range of human disease models, the specialized pro-resolving mediators display potent bioactions. The detailed and individual biosynthetic steps constituting the biochemical pathways, the metabolism, recent reports on structure-function studies and pharmacodynamic data of the protectins, are presented herein. Emphasis is on the structure-function results on the recent members of the sulfido conjugated protectins and further metabolism of protectin D1. Moreover, the members of the individual families of specialized pro-resolving mediators and their biosynthetic precursor are presented. Today 43 specialized pro-resolving mediators possessing pro-resolution and anti-inflammatory bioactions are reported and confirmed, constituting a basis for resolution pharmacology. This emerging biomedical field provides a new approach for drug discovery, that is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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29
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Pan G, Zhang P, Yang J, Wu Y. The regulatory effect of specialized pro-resolving mediators on immune cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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30
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Liu C, Fan D, Lei Q, Lu A, He X. Roles of Resolvins in Chronic Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314883. [PMID: 36499209 PMCID: PMC9738788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An inflammatory response is beneficial to the organism, while an excessive uncontrolled inflammatory response can lead to the nonspecific killing of tissue cells. Therefore, promoting the resolution of inflammation is an important mechanism for protecting an organism suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases. Resolvins are a series of endogenous lipid mediums and have the functions of inhibiting a leukocyte infiltration, increasing macrophagocyte phagocytosis, regulating cytokines, and alleviating inflammatory pain. By promoting the inflammation resolution, resolvins play an irreplaceable role throughout the pathological process of some joint inflammation, neuroinflammation, vascular inflammation, and tissue inflammation. Although a large number of experiments have been conducted to study different subtypes of resolvins in different directions, the differences in the action targets between the different subtypes are rarely compared. Hence, this paper reviews the generation of resolvins, the characteristics of resolvins, and the actions of resolvins under a chronic inflammatory response and clinical translation of resolvins for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dancai Fan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200052, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (X.H.)
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RvD1 n-3 DPA Downregulates the Transcription of Pro-Inflammatory Genes in Oral Epithelial Cells and Reverses Nuclear Translocation of Transcription Factor p65 after TNF-α Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314878. [PMID: 36499208 PMCID: PMC9737907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are multifunctional lipid mediators that participate in the resolution of inflammation. We have recently described that oral epithelial cells (OECs) express receptors of the SPM resolvin RvD1n-3 DPA and that cultured OECs respond to RvD1n-3 DPA addition by intracellular calcium release, nuclear receptor translocation and transcription of genes coding for antimicrobial peptides. The aim of the present study was to assess the functional outcome of RvD1n-3 DPA-signaling in OECs under inflammatory conditions. To this end, we performed transcriptomic analyses of TNF-α-stimulated cells that were subsequently treated with RvD1n-3 DPA and found significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) target genes. Further bioinformatics analyses showed that RvD1n-3 DPA inhibited the expression of several genes involved in the NF-κB activation pathway. Confocal microscopy revealed that addition of RvD1n-3 DPA to OECs reversed TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Co-treatment of the cells with the exportin 1 inhibitor leptomycin B indicated that RvD1n-3 DPA increases nuclear export of p65. Taken together, our observations suggest that SPMs also have the potential to be used as a therapeutic aid when inflammation is established.
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32
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Diversified Effects of COVID-19 as a Consequence of the Differential Metabolism of Phospholipids and Lipid Peroxidation Evaluated in the Plasma of Survivors and Deceased Patients upon Admission to the Hospital. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911810. [PMID: 36233111 PMCID: PMC9570244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection, inflammation develops, which promotes oxidative stress, leading to modification of phospholipid metabolism. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the effects of COVID-19 on the levels of phospholipid and free polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites produced in response to reactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enzymes (cyclooxygenases-(COXs) and lipoxygenase-(LOX)) in the plasma of patients who either recovered or passed away within a week of hospitalization. In the plasma of COVID-19 patients, especially of the survivors, the actions of ROS and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) cause a decrease in phospholipid fatty acids level and an increase in free fatty acids (especially arachidonic acid) despite increased COXs and LOX activity. This is accompanied by an increased level in lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α) and lipid mediators generated by enzymes. There is also an increase in eicosanoids, both pro-inflammatory as follows: thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2, and anti-inflammatory as follows: 15-deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, as well as endocannabinoids (anandamide-(AEA) and 2-arachidonylglycerol-(2-AG)) observed in the plasma of patients who recovered. Moreover, the expression of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-10) is increased in patients who recovered. However, in the group of patients who died, elevated levels of N-oleoylethanolamine and N-palmitoylethanolamine are found. Since lipid mediators may have different functions depending on the onset of pathophysiological processes, a stronger pro-inflammatory response in patients who have recovered may be the result of the defensive response to SARS-CoV-2 in survivors associated with specific changes in the phospholipid metabolism, which could also be considered a prognostic factor.
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Spahr A, Divnic‐Resnik T. Impact of health and lifestyle food supplements on periodontal tissues and health. Periodontol 2000 2022; 90:146-175. [PMID: 35916868 PMCID: PMC9804634 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
According to the new classification, periodontitis is defined as a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with dysbiotic biofilms and characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus. This definition, based on the current scientific evidence, clearly indicates and emphasizes, beside the microbial component dental biofilm, the importance of the inflammatory reaction in the progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. The idea to modulate this inflammatory reaction in order to decrease or even cease the progressive destruction was, therefore, a logical consequence. Attempts to achieve this goal involve various kinds of anti-inflammatory drugs or medications. However, there is also an increasing effort in using food supplements or so-called natural food ingredients to modulate patients' immune responses and maybe even improve the healing of periodontal tissues. The aim of this chapter of Periodontology 2000 is to review the evidence of various food supplements and ingredients regarding their possible effects on periodontal inflammation and wound healing. This review may help researchers and clinicians to evaluate the current evidence and to stimulate further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Spahr
- Discipline of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Tihana Divnic‐Resnik
- Discipline of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Balta MG, Schreurs O, Hansen TV, Tungen JE, Vik A, Glaab E, Küntziger TM, Schenck K, Baekkevold ES, Blix IJS. Expression and function of resolvin RvD1 n-3 DPA receptors in oral epithelial cells. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12883. [PMID: 35808844 PMCID: PMC9544308 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory responses can inflict permanent damage to host tissues. Specialized pro‐resolving mediators downregulate inflammation but also can have other functions. The aim of this study was to examine whether oral epithelial cells express the receptors FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32, which bind RvD1n‐3 DPA, a recently described pro‐resolving mediator derived from omega‐3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and whether RvD1n‐3 DPA exposure induced significant responses in these cells. Gingival biopsies were stained using antibodies to FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32. Expression of FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32 was examined in primary oral epithelial cells by qRT‐PCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. The effect of RvD1n‐3 DPA on intracellular calcium mobilization and transcription of beta‐defensins 1 and 2, and cathelicidin was evaluated by qRT‐PCR. FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32 were expressed by gingival keratinocytes in situ. In cultured oral epithelial cells, FPR2/ALX was detected on the cell surface, whereas FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32 were detected intracellularly. Exposure to RvD1n‐3 DPA induced intracellular calcium mobilization, FPR2/ALX internalization, DRV1/GPR32 translocation to the nucleus, and significantly increased expression of genes coding for beta‐defensin 1, beta‐defensin 2, and cathelicidin. This shows that the signal constituted by RvD1n‐3 DPA is recognized by oral keratinocytes and that this can strengthen the antimicrobial and regulatory potential of the oral epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Balta
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Schreurs
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond V Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørn E Tungen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Vik
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Enrico Glaab
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Thomas M Küntziger
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Schenck
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen S Baekkevold
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Johanne S Blix
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Dubé L, Spahis S, Lachaîne K, Lemieux A, Monhem H, Poulin SM, Randoll C, Travaillaud E, Ould-Chikh NEH, Marcil V, Delvin E, Levy E. Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators Derived from N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Role in Metabolic Syndrome and Related Complications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:54-83. [PMID: 35072542 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence continues to grow and represents a serious public health issue worldwide. This multifactorial condition carries the risk of hastening the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Another troubling aspect of MetS is the requirement of poly-pharmacological therapy not devoid of side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for prospecting alternative nutraceuticals as effective therapeutic agents for MetS. Recent Advances: Currently, there is an increased interest in understanding the regulation of metabolic derangements by specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), especially those derived from the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Critical Issues: The SPMs are recognized as efficient modulators that are capable of inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, blocking neutrophil activation/recruitment, and inducing non-phlogistic (anti-inflammatory) activation of macrophage engulfment and removal of apoptotic inflammatory cells and debris. The aim of the present review is precisely to first underline key concepts relative to SPM functions before focusing on their status and actions on MetS components (e.g., obesity, glucose dysmetabolism, hyperlipidemia, hypertension) and complications such as T2D, NAFLD, and CVD. Future Directions: Valuable data from preclinical and clinical investigations have emphasized the SPM functions and influence on oxidative stress- and inflammation-related MetS. Despite these promising findings obtained without compromising host defense, additional efforts are needed to evaluate their potential therapeutic applications and further develop practical tools to monitor their bioavailability to cope with cardiometabolic disorders. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 54-83.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dubé
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Karelle Lachaîne
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Hanine Monhem
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Carolane Randoll
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eva Travaillaud
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Unit, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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36
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Resolution of inflammation: Intervention strategies and future applications. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Dyall SC, Balas L, Bazan NG, Brenna JT, Chiang N, da Costa Souza F, Dalli J, Durand T, Galano JM, Lein PJ, Serhan CN, Taha AY. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and fatty acid-derived lipid mediators: Recent advances in the understanding of their biosynthesis, structures, and functions. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101165. [PMID: 35508275 PMCID: PMC9346631 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are structural components of membrane phospholipids, and influence cellular function via effects on membrane properties, and also by acting as a precursor pool for lipid mediators. These lipid mediators are formed via activation of pathways involving at least one step of dioxygen-dependent oxidation, and are consequently called oxylipins. Their biosynthesis can be either enzymatically-dependent, utilising the promiscuous cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, or cytochrome P450 mixed function oxidase pathways, or nonenzymatic via free radical-catalyzed pathways. The oxylipins include the classical eicosanoids, comprising prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes, and also more recently identified lipid mediators. With the advent of new technologies there is growing interest in identifying these different lipid mediators and characterising their roles in health and disease. This review brings together contributions from some of those at the forefront of research into lipid mediators, who provide brief introductions and summaries of current understanding of the structure and functions of the main classes of nonclassical oxylipins. The topics covered include omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA biosynthesis pathways, focusing on the roles of the different fatty acid desaturase enzymes, oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, omega-3 PUFA-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators, elovanoids, nonenzymatically oxidized PUFAs, and fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids.
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Artru F, McPhail MJW, Triantafyllou E, Trovato FM. Lipids in Liver Failure Syndromes: A Focus on Eicosanoids, Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators and Lysophospholipids. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867261. [PMID: 35432367 PMCID: PMC9008479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are organic compounds insoluble in water with a variety of metabolic and non-metabolic functions. They not only represent an efficient energy substrate but can also act as key inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules as part of a network of soluble mediators at the interface of metabolism and the immune system. The role of endogenous bioactive lipid mediators has been demonstrated in several inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, cancer). The liver is unique in providing balanced immunotolerance to the exposure of bacterial components from the gut transiting through the portal vein and the lymphatic system. This balance is abruptly deranged in liver failure syndromes such as acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure. In these syndromes, researchers have recently focused on bioactive lipid mediators by global metabonomic profiling and uncovered the pivotal role of these mediators in the immune dysfunction observed in liver failure syndromes explaining the high occurrence of sepsis and subsequent organ failure. Among endogenous bioactive lipids, the mechanistic actions of three classes (eicosanoids, pro-resolving lipid mediators and lysophospholipids) in the pathophysiological modulation of liver failure syndromes will be the topic of this narrative review. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of lipid-immune pathways will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Artru
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J W McPhail
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Triantafyllou
- Section of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Kumar M, Yano N, Fedulov AV. Gestational exposure to titanium dioxide, diesel exhaust, and concentrated urban air particles affects levels of specialized pro-resolving mediators in response to allergen in asthma-susceptible neonate lungs. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:243-261. [PMID: 34802391 PMCID: PMC8785906 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.2000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Maternal gestational exposures to traffic and urban air pollutant particulates have been linked to increased risk and/or worsening asthma in children; however, mechanisms underlying this vertical transmission are not entirely understood. It was postulated that gestational particle exposure might affect the ability to elicit specialized proresolving mediator (SPM) responses upon allergen encounter in neonates. Lipidomic profiling of 50 SPMs was performed in lungs of neonates born to mice exposed to concentrated urban air particles (CAP), diesel exhaust particles (DEP), or less immunotoxic titanium dioxide particles (TiO2). While asthma-like phenotypes were induced with identical eosinophilia intensity across neonates of all particle-exposed mothers, levels of LXA4, HEPE and HETE isoforms, and HDoHe were only decreased by CAP and DEP only but not by TiO2. However, RvE2 and RvD1 were inhibited by all particles. In contrast, isomers of Maresin1 and Protectin D1 were variably elevated by CAP and DEP, whereas Protectin DX, PGE2, and TxB2 were increased in all groups. Only Protectin D1/DX, MaR1(n-3,DPA), 5(S),15(S)-DiHETE, PGE2, and RvE3 correlated with eosinophilia but the majority of other analytes, elevated or inhibited, showed no marked correlation with inflammation intensity. Evidence indicates that gestational particle exposure leads to both particle-specific and nonspecific effects on the SPM network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital. 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA. 02903
| | - Naohiro Yano
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital. 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA. 02903
| | - Alexey V. Fedulov
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital. 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA. 02903
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40
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Dalli J, Gomez EA, Jouvene CC. Utility of the Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030353. [PMID: 35327544 PMCID: PMC8945731 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A precision medicine approach is widely acknowledged to yield more effective therapeutic strategies in the treatment of patients with chronic inflammatory conditions than the prescriptive paradigm currently utilized in the management and treatment of these patients. This is because such an approach will take into consideration relevant factors including the likelihood that a patient will respond to given therapeutics based on their disease phenotype. Unfortunately, the application of this precision medicine paradigm in the daily treatment of patients has been greatly hampered by the lack of robust biomarkers, in particular biomarkers for determining early treatment responsiveness. Lipid mediators are central in the regulation of host immune responses during both the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Amongst lipid mediators, the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) govern immune cells to promote the resolution of inflammation. These autacoids are produced via the stereoselective conversion of essential fatty acids to yield molecules that are dynamically regulated during inflammation and exert potent immunoregulatory activities. Furthermore, there is an increasing appreciation for the role that these mediators play in conveying the biological actions of several anti-inflammatory therapeutics, including statins and aspirin. Identification and quantitation of these mediators has traditionally been achieved using hyphenated mass spectrometric techniques, primarily liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Recent advances in the field of chromatography and mass spectrometry have increased both the robustness and the sensitivity of this approach and its potential deployment for routine clinical diagnostics. In the present review, we explore the evidence supporting a role for specific SPM as potential biomarkers for patient stratification in distinct disease settings together with methodologies employed in the identification and quantitation of these autacoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (E.A.G.); (C.C.J.)
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Esteban Alberto Gomez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (E.A.G.); (C.C.J.)
| | - Charlotte Camille Jouvene
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (E.A.G.); (C.C.J.)
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41
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Mikroulis A, Ledri M, Ruffolo G, Palma E, Sperk G, Dalli J, Vezzani A, Kokaia M. Lipid mediator n-3 docosapentaenoic acid-derived protectin D1 enhances synaptic inhibition of hippocampal principal neurons by interaction with a G-protein-coupled receptor. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22203. [PMID: 35188290 PMCID: PMC9306510 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101815r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a severe neurological disease manifested by spontaneous recurrent seizures due to abnormal hyper‐synchronization of neuronal activity. Epilepsy affects about 1% of the population and up to 40% of patients experience seizures that are resistant to currently available drugs, thus highlighting an urgent need for novel treatments. In this regard, anti‐inflammatory drugs emerged as potential therapeutic candidates. In particular, specific molecules apt to resolve the neuroinflammatory response occurring in acquired epilepsies have been proven to counteract seizures in experimental models, and humans. One candidate investigational molecule has been recently identified as the lipid mediator n‐3 docosapentaenoic acid‐derived protectin D1 (PD1n‐3DPA) which significantly reduced seizures, cell loss, and cognitive deficit in a mouse model of acquired epilepsy. However, the mechanisms that mediate the PD1n‐3DPA effect remain elusive. We here addressed whether PD1n‐3DPA has direct effects on neuronal activity independent of its anti‐inflammatory action. We incubated, therefore, hippocampal slices with PD1n‐3DPA and investigated its effect on excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to the CA1 pyramidal neurons. We demonstrate that inhibitory drive onto the perisomatic region of the pyramidal neurons is increased by PD1n‐3DPA, and this effect is mediated by pertussis toxin‐sensitive G‐protein coupled receptors. Our data indicate that PD1n‐3DPA acts directly on inhibitory transmission, most likely at the presynaptic site of inhibitory synapses as also supported by Xenopus oocytes and immunohistochemical experiments. Thus, in addition to its anti‐inflammatory effects, PD1n‐3DPA anti‐seizure and neuroprotective effects may be mediated by its direct action on neuronal excitability by modulating their synaptic inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Mikroulis
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marco Ledri
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Ruffolo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Palma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Günther Sperk
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Annamaria Vezzani
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Merab Kokaia
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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42
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Reinertsen AF, Primdahl KG, De Matteis R, Dalli J, Hansen TV. Stereoselective Synthesis, Configurational Assignment and Biological Evaluations of the Lipid Mediator RvD2 n-3 DPA. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103857. [PMID: 34890076 PMCID: PMC9305452 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the first total synthesis of RvD2n-3 DPA , an endogenously formed mediator biosynthesized from the omega-3 fatty acid n-3 docosapentaenoic acid. The key steps are the Midland Alpine borane reduction, Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions, and a Z-selective alkyne reduction protocol, yielding RvD2n-3 DPA methyl ester in 13 % yield over 12 steps (longest linear sequence). The physical property data (UV chromophore, chromatography and MS/MS fragmentation) of the synthetic lipid mediator matched those obtained from biologically produced material. Moreover, synthetic RvD2n-3 DPA also carried the potent biological activities of enhancing macrophage uptake of Staphylococcus aureus and zymosan A bioparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie F Reinertsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karoline G Primdahl
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roberta De Matteis
- Lipid Mediator Unit, Center for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Lipid Mediator Unit, Center for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Trond V Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316, Oslo, Norway
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Ishibashi Y, Goda H, Hamaguchi R, Sakaguchi K, Sekiguchi T, Ishiwata Y, Okita Y, Mochinaga S, Ikeuchi S, Mizobuchi T, Takao Y, Mori K, Tashiro K, Okino N, Honda D, Hayashi M, Ito M. PUFA synthase-independent DHA synthesis pathway in Parietichytrium sp. and its modification to produce EPA and n-3DPA. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1378. [PMID: 34887503 PMCID: PMC8660808 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02857-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3LC-PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), will exceed their supply in the near future, and a sustainable source of n-3LC-PUFAs is needed. Thraustochytrids are marine protists characterized by anaerobic biosynthesis of DHA via polyunsaturated fatty acid synthase (PUFA-S). Analysis of a homemade draft genome database suggested that Parietichytrium sp. lacks PUFA-S but possesses all fatty acid elongase (ELO) and desaturase (DES) genes required for DHA synthesis. The reverse genetic approach and a tracing experiment using stable isotope-labeled fatty acids revealed that the ELO/DES pathway is the only DHA synthesis pathway in Parietichytrium sp. Disruption of the C20 fatty acid ELO (C20ELO) and ∆4 fatty acid DES (∆4DES) genes with expression of ω3 fatty acid DES in this thraustochytrid allowed the production of EPA and n-3docosapentaenoic acid (n-3DPA), respectively, at the highest level among known microbial sources using fed-batch culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ishibashi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hatsumi Goda
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Rie Hamaguchi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Keishi Sakaguchi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takayoshi Sekiguchi
- grid.509816.30000 0001 2161 8131Central Research Laboratory, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, 192-0991 Japan
| | - Yuko Ishiwata
- grid.509816.30000 0001 2161 8131Central Research Laboratory, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, 192-0991 Japan
| | - Yuji Okita
- grid.509816.30000 0001 2161 8131Central Research Laboratory, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, 192-0991 Japan
| | - Seiya Mochinaga
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shingo Ikeuchi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takahiro Mizobuchi
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yoshitake Takao
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefecture University, Fukui, 917-0003 Japan
| | - Kazuki Mori
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Nozomu Okino
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Daiske Honda
- grid.258669.60000 0000 8565 5938Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Hyogo, 658-8501 Japan ,grid.258669.60000 0000 8565 5938Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Hyogo, 658-8501 Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192 Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Innovative Bio-architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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Zhan J, Tang X, Wang F, Han J. Association Between Daily Dietary Eicosatetraenoic Acid Intake and the Lower Risk of Psoriasis in American Adults. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:1541-1549. [PMID: 34720595 PMCID: PMC8549974 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s333288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Unlike eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the relationship between eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA) and psoriasis remains unclear. Therefore, We performed a cross-sectional study in the general American population to investigate the association between daily dietary ETA, EPA, and DHA intake and the risk of psoriasis. Participants and Methods This study applied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. Dietary n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were calculated based on two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. We defined psoriasis by responding to the question "Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health care professional that you had psoriasis?". Multivariable logistic regression analysis, trend tests, subgroup analysis, and interaction tests were used to evaluate the associations of ETA, EPA, and DHA intake with the risk of psoriasis, respectively. Results A total of 15,733 participants were included in this study. In our optimal multivariate-adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of psoriasis were 0.30 (0.12, 0.88), 1.92 (0.78, 4.74), 1.28 (0.72, 2.27) for daily dietary ETA, EPA, and DHA intake, respectively. Trend tests showed a dose-effect relationship between daily dietary ETA intake and the lower risk of psoriasis. Subgroup analysis and tests for interaction showed that the association was stable in different subgroups. Conclusion Our study revealed that there might be a dose-effect association of daily dietary ETA intake with the lower risk of psoriasis in American adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipang Zhan
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Tang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiande Han
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
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Marques RM, Gonzalez-Nunez M, Walker ME, Gomez EA, Colas RA, Montero-Melendez T, Perretti M, Dalli J. Loss of 15-lipoxygenase disrupts T reg differentiation altering their pro-resolving functions. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3140-3160. [PMID: 34040168 PMCID: PMC8563763 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are central in the maintenance of homeostasis and resolution of inflammation. However, the mechanisms that govern their differentiation and function are not completely understood. Herein, we demonstrate a central role for the lipid mediator biosynthetic enzyme 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) in regulating key aspects of Treg biology. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of ALOX15 in Tregs decreased FOXP3 expression, altered Treg transcriptional profile and shifted their metabolism. This was linked with an impaired ability of Alox15-deficient cells to exert their pro-resolving actions, including a decrease in their ability to upregulate macrophage efferocytosis and a downregulation of interferon gamma expression in Th1 cells. Incubation of Tregs with the ALOX15-derived specilized pro-resolving mediators (SPM)s Resolvin (Rv)D3 and RvD5n-3 DPA rescued FOXP3 expression in cells where ALOX15 activity was inhibited. In vivo, deletion of Alox15 led to increased vascular lipid load and expansion of Th1 cells in mice fed western diet, a phenomenon that was reversed when Alox15-deficient mice were reconstituted with wild type Tregs. Taken together these findings demonstrate a central role of pro-resolving lipid mediators in governing the differentiation of naive T-cells to Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel M Marques
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Maria Gonzalez-Nunez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Mary E Walker
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Esteban A Gomez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Romain A Colas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Trinidad Montero-Melendez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Warner J, Hardesty J, Song Y, Sun R, Deng Z, Xu R, Yin X, Zhang X, McClain C, Warner D, Kirpich I. Fat-1 Transgenic Mice With Augmented n3-Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Protected From Liver Injury Caused by Acute-On-Chronic Ethanol Administration. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:711590. [PMID: 34531743 PMCID: PMC8438569 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.711590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of liver disease worldwide, and alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), a severe form of ALD, is a major contributor to the mortality and morbidity due to ALD. Many factors modulate susceptibility to ALD development and progression, including nutritional factors such as dietary fatty acids. Recent work from our group and others showed that modulation of dietary or endogenous levels of n6-and n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can exacerbate or attenuate experimental ALD, respectively. In the current study, we interrogated the effects of endogenous n3-PUFA enrichment in a mouse model which recapitulates features of early human AH using transgenic fat-1 mice which endogenously convert n6-PUFAs to n3-PUFAs. Male wild type (WT) and fat-1 littermates were provided an ethanol (EtOH, 5% v/v)-containing liquid diet for 10 days, then administered a binge of EtOH (5 g/kg) by oral gavage on the 11th day, 9 h prior to sacrifice. In WT mice, EtOH treatment resulted in liver injury as determined by significantly elevated plasma ALT levels, whereas in fat-1 mice, EtOH caused no increase in this biomarker. Compared to their pair-fed controls, a significant EtOH-mediated increase in liver neutrophil infiltration was observed also in WT, but not fat-1 mice. The hepatic expression of several cytokines and chemokines, including Pai-1, was significantly lower in fat-1 vs WT EtOH-challenged mice. Cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages isolated from fat-1 mice expressed less Pai-1 and Cxcl2 (a canonical neutrophil chemoattractant) mRNA compared to WT when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Further, we observed decreased pro-inflammatory M1 liver tissue-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells, KCs), as well as increased liver T regulatory cells in fat-1 vs WT EtOH-fed mice. Taken together, our data demonstrated protective effects of endogenous n3-PUFA enrichment on liver injury caused by an acute-on-chronic EtOH exposure, a paradigm which recapitulates human AH, suggesting that n3-PUFAs may be a viable nutritional adjuvant therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Warner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Josiah Hardesty
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ying Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Rui Sun
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Zhongbin Deng
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Raobo Xu
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Xinmin Yin
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Craig McClain
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Dennis Warner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Irina Kirpich
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States.,University of Louisville Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
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Palmas F, Clarke J, Colas RA, Gomez EA, Keogh A, Boylan M, McEvoy N, McElvaney OJ, McElvaney O, Alalqam R, McElvaney NG, Curley GF, Dalli J. Dysregulated plasma lipid mediator profiles in critically ill COVID-19 patients. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256226. [PMID: 34437568 PMCID: PMC8389414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19, as a result of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has been the direct cause of over 2.2 million deaths worldwide. A timely coordinated host-immune response represents the leading driver for restraining SARS-CoV-2 infection. Indeed, several studies have described dysregulated immunity as the crucial determinant for critical illness and the failure of viral control. Improved understanding and management of COVID-19 could greatly reduce the mortality and morbidity caused by SARS-CoV-2. One aspect of the immune response that has to date been understudied is whether lipid mediator production is dysregulated in critically ill patients. In the present study, plasma from COVID-19 patients with either severe disease and those that were critically ill was collected and lipid mediator profiles were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results from these studies indicated that plasma concentrations of both pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediator were reduced in critically ill patients when compared with those with severe disease. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of a select group of mediators that included the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) Resolvin (Rv) D1 and RvE4 were diagnostic of disease severity. Interestingly, peripheral blood SPM concentrations were also linked with outcome in critically ill patients, where we observed reduced overall concentrations of these mediators in those patients that did not survive. Together the present findings establish a link between plasma lipid mediators and disease severity in patients with COVID-19 and indicate that plasma SPM concentrations may be linked with survival in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Palmas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Clarke
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Romain A. Colas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esteban A. Gomez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aoife Keogh
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Boylan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Natalie McEvoy
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oliver J. McElvaney
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oisin McElvaney
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Razi Alalqam
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noel G. McElvaney
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard F. Curley
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Liput KP, Lepczyński A, Ogłuszka M, Nawrocka A, Poławska E, Grzesiak A, Ślaska B, Pareek CS, Czarnik U, Pierzchała M. Effects of Dietary n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6965. [PMID: 34203461 PMCID: PMC8268933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary recommendation encourages reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) in diet and replacing them with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 (omega-3) and n-6 (omega-6) to decrease the risk of metabolic disturbances. Consequently, excessive n-6 PUFAs content and high n-6/n-3 ratio are found in Western-type diet. The importance of a dietary n-6/n-3 ratio to prevent chronic diseases is linked with anti-inflammatory functions of linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and longer-chain n-3 PUFAs. Thus, this review provides an overview of the role of oxylipins derived from n-3 PUFAs and oxylipins formed from n-6 PUFAs on inflammation. Evidence of PUFAs' role in carcinogenesis was also discussed. In vitro studies, animal cancer models and epidemiological studies demonstrate that these two PUFA groups have different effects on the cell growth, proliferation and progression of neoplastic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila P. Liput
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Adam Lepczyński
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. K. Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Magdalena Ogłuszka
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Agata Nawrocka
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Ewa Poławska
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Agata Grzesiak
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. K. Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Brygida Ślaska
- Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Chandra S. Pareek
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. J. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Division of Functional Genomics in Biological and Biomedical Research, Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Urszula Czarnik
- Department of Pig Breeding, Faculty of Animal Bio-Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. M. Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Pierzchała
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
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Decker C, Sadhu S, Fredman G. Pro-Resolving Ligands Orchestrate Phagocytosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660865. [PMID: 34177900 PMCID: PMC8222715 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is a tissue protective program that is governed by several factors including specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), proteins, gasses and nucleotides. Pro-resolving mediators activate counterregulatory programs to quell inflammation and promote tissue repair in a manner that does not compromise host defense. Phagocytes like neutrophils and macrophages play key roles in the resolution of inflammation because of their ability to remove debris, microbes and dead cells through processes including phagocytosis and efferocytosis. Emerging evidence suggests that failed resolution of inflammation and defective phagocytosis or efferocytosis underpins several prevalent human diseases. Therefore, understanding factors and mechanisms associated with enhancing these processes is a critical need. SPMs enhance phagocytosis and efferocytosis and this review will highlight mechanisms associated with their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Decker
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Sudeshna Sadhu
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Gabrielle Fredman
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential changes in the plasma levels of resolvin D1 (RvD1) in patients with trauma and hemorrhage. Having found that trauma results in a profound reduction in plasma RvD1 in patients, we have then investigated the effects of RvD1 on the organ injury and dysfunction associated with hemorrhagic shock (HS) in the rat. BACKGROUND HS is a common cause of death in trauma due to excessive systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure. RvD1 is a member of the resolvin family of pro-resolution mediators. METHODS Blood samples were drawn from critically injured patients (n = 27, ACITII-prospective observational cohort study) within 2 hours of injury for targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. HS rats (removal of blood to reduce arterial pressure to 30 ± 2 mm Hg, 90 minutes, followed by resuscitation) were treated with RvD1 (0.3 or 1 μg/kg intravenous (i.v.)) or vehicle (n = 7). Parameters of organ injury and dysfunction were determined. RESULTS Plasma levels of RvD1 (mg/dL) were reduced in patients with trauma+HS (0.17 ± 0.08) when compared with healthy volunteers (0.76 ± 0.25) and trauma patients (0.62 ± 0.20). In rats with HS, RvD1 attenuated the kidney dysfunction, liver injury, and tissue ischemia. RvD1 also reduced activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6. CONCLUSION Plasma RvD1 is reduced in patients with trauma-HS. In rats with HS, administration of synthetic RvD1 on resuscitation attenuated the multiple organ failure associated with HS by a mechanism that involves inhibition of the activation of NF-κB.
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