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Gardey E, Cseresnyes Z, Sobotta FH, Eberhardt J, Haziri D, Grunert PC, Kuchenbrod MT, Gruschwitz FV, Hoeppener S, Schumann M, Gaßler N, Figge MT, Stallmach A, Brendel JC. Selective Uptake Into Inflamed Human Intestinal Tissue and Immune Cell Targeting by Wormlike Polymer Micelles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306482. [PMID: 38109123 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a globally prevalent chronic disease with no causal therapeutic options. Targeted drug delivery systems with selectivity for inflamed areas in the gastrointestinal tract promise to reduce severe drug-related side effects. By creating three distinct nanostructures (vesicles, spherical, and wormlike micelles) from the same amphiphilic block copolymer poly(butyl acrylate)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PBA-b-PEO), the effect of nanoparticle shape on human mucosal penetration is systematically identified. An Ussing chamber technique is established to perform the ex vivo experiments on human colonic biopsies, demonstrating that the shape of polymeric nanostructures represents a rarely addressed key to tissue selectivity required for efficient IBD treatment. Wormlike micelles specifically enter inflamed mucosa from patients with IBD, but no significant uptake is observed in healthy tissue. Spheres (≈25 nm) and vesicles (≈120 nm) enter either both normal and inflamed tissue types or do not penetrate any tissue. According to quantitative image analysis, the wormlike nanoparticles localize mainly within immune cells, facilitating specific targeting, which is crucial for further increasing the efficacy of IBD treatment. These findings therefore demonstrate the untapped potential of wormlike nanoparticles not only to selectively target the inflamed human mucosa, but also to target key pro-inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gardey
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Central Endoscopy), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Zoltan Cseresnyes
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabian H Sobotta
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5612 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Juliane Eberhardt
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Drilon Haziri
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Central Endoscopy), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Philip C Grunert
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Central Endoscopy), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Maren T Kuchenbrod
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Franka V Gruschwitz
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Schumann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Gaßler
- Jena University Hospital, Section of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Marc T Figge
- Applied Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Stallmach
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Central Endoscopy), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
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Lee J, Hernandez KC, Kim S, Herrera-Alonso M. Solute Stabilization Effects of Nanoparticles Containing Boronic Acids in the Absence of Binding Pairs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15328-15337. [PMID: 37844211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Boronic acids are widely used in materials science because of their ability to reversibly bind with diol and catechol moieties through dynamic covalent interactions in a pH- and oxidative-dependent manner. Considerably fewer studies focus on property modulation of boronic acid-based materials in the absence of a biding pair. Herein, we discuss the effects of the boronic acid-containing polymer block length on solute release kinetics from nanoparticles in a stimuli-responsive manner for on-demand delivery. In this study, ABC-type linear amphiphiles of poly(d,l-lactide) and poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) containing a middle block functionalized with 3-aminophenylboronic acid were synthesized by a combination of ring-opening and controlled free radical polymerizations. Nile red-loaded nanoparticles were self-assembled using a multi-inlet vortex mixer in a well-controlled manner. Release was evaluated at pH above and below the pKa of the boronic acid and in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Our results show that release kinetics from nanoparticles incorporating a boronic acid-functionalized interlayer were slower than those without it, and the rate could be modulated according to pH and oxidative conditions. These effects can be attributed to several factors, including the hydrophobicity of the boronic acid block as well as hydrogen bonding interactions existing between locally confined boronic acids. While boronic acids are generally utilized as boronic/boronate esters, their stabilizing effects in the absence of appropriate binding pairs are relevant and should be considered in the design of boronic acid-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghun Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Karla Cureño Hernandez
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Margarita Herrera-Alonso
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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Resendiz-Lara DA, Azhdari S, Gojzewski H, Gröschel AH, Wurm FR. Water-soluble polyphosphonate-based bottlebrush copolymers via aqueous ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11273-11282. [PMID: 37860667 PMCID: PMC10583743 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02649c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) is a versatile method for synthesizing complex macromolecules from various functional monomers. In this work, we report the synthesis of water-soluble and degradable bottlebrush polymers, based on polyphosphoesters (PPEs) via ROMP. First, PPE-macromonomers were synthesized via organocatalytic anionic ring-opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane using N-(hydroxyethyl)-cis-5-norbornene-exo-2,3-dicarboximide as the initiator and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as the catalyst. The resulting norbornene-based macromonomers had degrees of polymerization (DPn) ranging from 25 to 243 and narrow molar mass dispersity (Đ ≤ 1.10). Subsequently, these macromonomers were used in ROMP with the Grubbs 3rd-generation bispyridyl complex (Ru-G3) to produce a library of well-defined bottlebrush polymers. The ROMP was carried out either in dioxane or in aqueous conditions, resulting in well-defined and water-soluble bottlebrush PPEs. Furthermore, a two-step protocol was employed to synthesize double hydrophilic diblock bottlebrush copolymers via ROMP in water at neutral pH-values. This general protocol enabled the direct combination of PPEs with ROMP to synthesize well-defined bottlebrush polymers and block copolymers in water. Degradation of the PPE side chains was proven resulting in low molar mass degradation products only. The biocompatible and biodegradable nature of PPEs makes this pathway promising for designing novel biomedical drug carriers or viscosity modifiers, as well as many other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Resendiz-Lara
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry (SPC), Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Suna Azhdari
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry (SPC), Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster Corrensstraße 28-30 Münster 48149 Germany
| | - Hubert Gojzewski
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry (SPC), Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Andre H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry, University of Münster Corrensstraße 28-30 Münster 48149 Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry (SPC), Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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Liu S, Deng S, Li X, Chen J, Yuan Y, Zhao H, Zhou J, Wang J, Zhang H, Cheng D. Endosomal Escapable and Nuclear Localizing Cationic Polyaspartate-Based CRISPR Activation System for Preventing Respiratory Virus Infection by Specifically Inducing Interferon-λ. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55376-55391. [PMID: 36503225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global pandemics caused by viruses cause widespread panic and economic losses. The lack of specific antivirals and vaccines increases the spreading of viral diseases worldwide. Thus, alternative strategies are required to manage viral outbreaks. Here, we develop a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) system based on polymeric carriers to prevent respiratory virus infection in a mouse model. A polyaspartate grafted with 2-(diisopropylamino) ethylamine (DIP) and nuclear localization signal peptides (NLS-MTAS fusion peptide) was complexed with plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding dCas9-VPR and sgRNA targeting IFN-λ. The pH-sensitive DIP and NLS-MTAS groups were favor of endo-lysosomal escape and nuclear localization of pDNA, respectively. They synergistically improved gene transfection efficiency, resulting in significant reporter gene expression and IFN-λ upregulation in lung tissue. In vitro and in vivo prophylactic experiments showed that the non-viral CRISPRa system could prevent infection caused by H1N1 viruses with minimal inflammatory responses, presenting a promising prophylactic approach against respiratory virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Shaohui Deng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Jifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Yaochang Yuan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Hanjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510630, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
| | - Du Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, PR China
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Wang X, Xu A, Liu Y. Combined biological effects of silver nanoparticles and heavy metals in different target cell lines. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:16324-16331. [PMID: 34651267 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16395-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and heavy metals are considered to coexist in the environment. Increasing evidence shows that AgNPs can interact with heavy metals; however, the impact of distinct exposure conditions on their combined toxicity is still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the co-effects of AgNPs and heavy metals, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni), in target cell lines. The results demonstrated that pretreated with polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated (PVP-coated) AgNPs at noncytotoxic concentrations significantly inhibited the cytotoxicity of As and Cd in human-hamster hybrid AL cells, but had slight effect on the toxicity of Ni. The antagonistic effects have also been observed in other non-cancerous cell lines, such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), and human normal liver (LO2) cells. In addition, the co-effects between AgNPs and heavy metals are independent of surface coatings of AgNPs. Our data revealed that the combined biological effects of AgNPs and heavy metals are closely related to the physicochemical properties of heavy metals themselves and the tested cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Anhui Laboratory of High Magnetic Field, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - An Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Anhui Laboratory of High Magnetic Field, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Anhui Laboratory of High Magnetic Field, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China.
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Kakwere H, Harriman R, Pirir M, Avila C, Chan K, Lewis J. Engineering immunomodulatory nanoplatforms from commensal bacteria-derived polysaccharide A. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1210-1225. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02590b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Capsular zwitterionic polysaccharides (CZPs), typically found on the surfaces of commensal gut bacteria, are important immunomodulatory molecules due to their ability to produce a T-cell dependent immune response upon processing...
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Resendiz-Lara DA, Wurm FR. Polyphosphonate-Based Macromolecular RAFT-CTA Enables the Synthesis of Well-Defined Block Copolymers Using Vinyl Monomers. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1273-1279. [PMID: 35549040 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization has become a straightforward approach to block copolymers using a wide variety of functional vinyl monomers. Polyphosphoester (PPE) macroinitiators from ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of their corresponding cyclic phosphoesters have been previously prepared for atom transfer radical polymerization; however, to date, these biodegradable macroinitiators for RAFT polymerization have not been reported. Herein, a macromolecular RAFT-chain transfer agent (CTA) based on poly(ethyl ethylene phosphonate) was prepared by the organocatalytic ROP of 2-ethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane using 2-cyano-5-hydroxypentan-2-yl dodecyl trithiocarbonate as the initiator and 1,8-diazabycyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene as the catalyst. Precise macro-CTAs of degrees of polymerization (DPn) from 34 to 70 with Đ ≤ 1.10 were prepared and used in the dioxane solution RAFT polymerization of acrylamide, acrylates, methacrylates, and 2-vinylpyridine to yield a library of well-defined block copolymers. Additionally, the PPE-based macro RAFT-CTA was used as a nonionic surfactant in a typical aqueous emulsion polymerization of styrene to produce well-defined nanoparticles with the hydrophilic PPEs on their surface as the stabilizing agent. This general protocol allowed the combination of polyphosphoesters with RAFT polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Resendiz-Lara
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Antifouling Strategies of Nanoparticles for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Application: A Systematic Review of the Literature. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030780. [PMID: 33803884 PMCID: PMC8003124 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are promising platforms for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools. One of the main hurdle to their medical application and translation into the clinic is the fact that they accumulate in the spleen and liver due to opsonization and scavenging by the mononuclear phagocyte system. The “protein corona” controls the fate of NPs in vivo and becomes the interface with cells, influencing their physiological response like cellular uptake and targeting efficiency. For these reasons, the surface properties play a pivotal role in fouling and antifouling behavior of particles. Therefore, surface engineering of the nanocarriers is an extremely important issue for the design of useful diagnostic and therapeutic systems. In recent decades, a huge number of studies have proposed and developed different strategies to improve antifouling features and produce NPs as safe and performing as possible. However, it is not always easy to compare the various approaches and understand their advantages and disadvantages in terms of interaction with biological systems. Here, we propose a systematic study of literature with the aim of summarizing current knowledge on promising antifouling coatings to render NPs more biocompatible and performing for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Thirty-nine studies from 2009 were included and investigated. Our findings have shown that two main classes of non-fouling materials (i.e., pegylated and zwitterionic) are associated with NPs and their applications are discussed here highlighting pitfalls and challenges to develop biocompatible tools for diagnostic and therapeutic uses. In conclusion, although the complexity of biofouling strategies and the field is still young, the collective data selected in this review indicate that a careful tuning of surface moieties is a pivotal step to lead NPs through their future clinical applications.
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Chiang CW, Hsiao YC, Jheng PR, Chen CH, Manga YB, Lekha R, Chao KM, Ho YC, Chuang EY. Strontium ranelate-laden near-infrared photothermal-inspired methylcellulose hydrogel for arthritis treatment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:111980. [PMID: 33812608 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is of foremost concern among long-term autoimmune disorders, as it leads to inflammation, exudates, chondral degeneration, and painful joints. Because RA severity often fluctuates over time, a local drug delivery method that titrates release of therapeutics to arthritis bioactivity should represent a promising paradigm of RA therapy. Given the local nature of RA chronic illnesses, polysaccharide-drug delivering systems have the promise to augment therapeutic outcomes by offering controlled release of bioactive materials, diminishing the required frequency of administration, and preserving therapeutic levels in affected pathological regions. Herein, an intra-articular photothermal-laden injectable methylcellulose (MC) polymeric hydrogel carrier incorporating strontium ranelate (SrR) and sodium chloride was investigated to resolve these issues. Physicochemical and cellular characteristics of the MC carrier system were thoroughly evaluated. The slow release of SrR, enhancement of the material mechanical strength, and the potential of the non-invasive near-infrared photothermal gel to improve blood circulation and suppress inflammation in a mini-surgical model of RA were examined. Biocompatibility and suppression of intracellular ROS-induced inflammation were observed. This multifunctional photothermal MC hydrogel carrier is anticipated to be an alternative approach for future orthopedic disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Jheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hwa Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, , Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Yankuba B Manga
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - R Lekha
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Mao Chao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Ho
- Department of Bioagriculture Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, , Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Wenshan District, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan.
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Pelosi C, Tinè MR, Wurm FR. Main-chain water-soluble polyphosphoesters: Multi-functional polymers as degradable PEG-alternatives for biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Abdelkader A, Fathi HA, Hamad MA, Elsabahy M. Nanomedicine: a new paradigm to overcome drug incompatibilities. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1289-1305. [PMID: 32436221 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Drug incompatibilities may compromise the safety and effectiveness of combined drugs and result in mild-to-serious clinical complications, such as catheter obstruction, loss of drug efficacy, formation of toxic derivatives and embolism. Various preventive strategies have been implemented to overcome drug incompatibilities with limited success. This review presents an innovative approach to prevent drug incompatibilities via isolating the incompatible drugs into nanostructures. KEY FINDINGS Several examples of incompatible drugs may be loaded separately into nanostructures of various types. Physicochemical characteristics and biocompatibility of the nanomaterials that are being utilized to prevent physicochemical incompatibilities should be carefully considered. CONCLUSIONS There is a new era of exploiting nanomaterials in overcoming various types of physicochemical incompatibilities, with additional benefits of further improvements in pharmacokinetic profiles and pharmacological actions of the administered drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Abdelkader
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba A Fathi
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Hamad
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Science Academy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt.,Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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12
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Multiple analyte profiling (MAP) index as a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring tool. Methods 2020; 190:26-32. [PMID: 32243921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A robust data mining algorithm is presented as a critical solution to the challenge of managing intensive data generated from the recently developed multiplexing techniques, which allow simultaneous detection of up to 500 biomarkers in a few microliters of a single sample. Furthermore, detailed methodology is provided for exploiting the new algorithm along with examples for description of the first application as a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring tool in the management of breast cancer, as a disease model.
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13
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Unveiling the pitfalls of the protein corona of polymeric drug nanocarriers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:730-750. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Gardey E, Sobotta FH, Hoeppener S, Bruns T, Stallmach A, Brendel JC. Influence of Core Cross-Linking and Shell Composition of Polymeric Micelles on Immune Response and Their Interaction with Human Monocytes. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1393-1406. [PMID: 32084317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymer micelles have received increasing attention in the last decades, in particular for their appealing properties in nanomedicine. However, systematic investigations of the interaction between polymeric micelles and immune cells are still rare. Therefore, broader studies comparing the structural effects remain inevitable for a comprehensive understanding of the immune response and for the design of efficient, nonimmunogenic delivery systems. Here, we present novel block copolymer micelles with the same hydrophobic core, based on a copolymer of BA and VDM, and various hydrophilic shells ranging from common PEG derivatives to morpholine-based materials. The influence of these shells on innate immune responses was studied in detail. In addition, we investigated the impact of micelle stability by varying the cross-linking density in the micellar core. Surprisingly, whereas different shells had only a minor impact on immune response, micelles with reduced cross-linking density considerably enhanced the release of cytokines from isolated human monocytes. Moreover, the uptake of non-cross-linked micelles by monocytes was significantly higher as compared to cross-linked materials. Our study emphasizes the importance of the micellar stability on the interaction with the immune system, which is the key for any stealth properties in vivo. Polymers based on morpholines result in a similar low response as the PEG derivative and may represent an interesting alternative to the common PEGylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gardey
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabian H Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tony Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Medical Department III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stallmach
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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15
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Costamagna F, Hillaireau H, Vergnaud J, Clarisse D, Jamgotchian L, Loreau O, Denis S, Gravel E, Doris E, Fattal E. Nanotoxicology at the particle/micelle frontier: influence of core-polymerization on the intracellular distribution, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of polydiacetylene micelles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:2452-2463. [PMID: 31915784 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08714a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the cellular uptake and the intracellular fate of nanoparticles and their subsequent influence on cell viability is challenging as far as micelles are concerned. Such systems are dynamic by nature, existing as unimers under their critical micelle concentration (CMC), and as micelles in equilibrium with unimers above the CMC, making canonical dose-response relationships difficult to establish. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity and uptake of two micellar sytems that are relevant for drug delivery. The two micelles incorporate a poly(ethylene glycol) coating and a pentacosadiynoic core which is either polymerized (pDA-PEG micelles) or non-polymerized (DA-PEG micelles), with the aim of evaluating the influence of the micelles status ("particle-like" or "dynamic", respectively) on their toxicological profile. Intracellular distribution and cytotoxicity of polymerized and non-polymerized micelles were investigated on RAW 264.7 macrophages in order to compare any different interactions with cells. Non-polymerized micelles showed significantly higher cytotoxicity than polymerized micelles, especially in terms of cell permeabilization, correlated to a higher accumulation in cell membranes. Other potential toxicity endpoints of polymerized micelles were then thoroughly studied in order to assess possible responses resulting from their endocytosis. No specific mechanisms of cytotoxicity were observed, neither in terms of apoptosis induction, cell membrane damage, release of inflammatory mediators nor genotoxicity. These data indicate that non-polymerized micelles accumulate in the cell membrane and induce cell membrane permeabilization, resulting in significant toxicity, whereas polymerized, stable micelles are internalized by cells but exert no or very low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Costamagna
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, Cnrs, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Hervé Hillaireau
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, Cnrs, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Juliette Vergnaud
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, Cnrs, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Damien Clarisse
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Lucie Jamgotchian
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Olivier Loreau
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Stéphanie Denis
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, Cnrs, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Edmond Gravel
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Eric Doris
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Elias Fattal
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, Cnrs, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France.
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16
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Pectol DC, Khan S, Chupik RB, Elsabahy M, Wooley KL, Darensbourg MY, Lim SM. Toward the Optimization of Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes as Therapeutics for Smooth Muscle Cells. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:3178-3187. [PMID: 31244220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) are shown to deliver nitric oxide (NO) into the cytosol of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which play a major role in vascular relaxation and contraction. Malfunction of SMCs can lead to hypertension, asthma, and erectile dysfunction, among other disorders. For comparison of the five DNIC derivatives, the following protocols were examined: (a) the Griess assay to detect nitrite (derived from NO conversion) in the absence and presence of SMCs; (b) the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay for cell viability; (c) an immunotoxicity assay to establish if DNICs stimulate immune response; and (d) a fluorometric assay to detect intracellular NO from treatment with DNICs. Dimeric Roussin's red ester (RRE)-type {Fe(NO)2}9 complexes containing phenylthiolate bridges, [(μ-SPh)Fe(NO)2]2 or SPhRRE, were found to deliver NO with the lowest effect on cell toxicity (i.e., highest IC50). In contrast, the RRE-DNIC with the biocompatible thioglucose moiety, [(μ-SGlu)Fe(NO)2]2 (SGlu = 1-thio-β-d-glucose tetraacetate) or SGluRRE, delivered a higher concentration of NO to the cytosol of SMCs with a 10-fold decrease in IC50. Additionally, monomeric DNICs stabilized by a bulky N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), namely, 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolidene (IMes), were synthesized and yielded the DNIC complexes SGluNHC, [IMes(SGlu)Fe(NO)2], and SPhNHC, [IMes(SPh)Fe(NO)2]. These oxidized {Fe(NO)2}9 NHC DNICs have an IC50 of ∼7 μM; however, the NHC-based complexes did not transfer NO into the SMC. Per contra, the reduced, mononuclear {Fe(NO)2}10 neocuproine-based DNIC, neoDNIC, depressed the viability of the SMCs, as well as generated an increase of intracellular NO. Regardless of the coordination environment or oxidation state, all DNICs showed a dinitrosyl iron unit (DNIU)-dependent increase in viability. This study demonstrates a structure-function relationship between the DNIU coordination environment and the efficacy of the DNIC treatments.
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17
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Dahanayake V, Pornrungroj C, Pablico-Lansigan M, Hickling WJ, Lyons T, Lah D, Lee Y, Parasido E, Bertke JA, Albanese C, Rodriguez O, Van Keuren E, Stoll SL. Paramagnetic Clusters of Mn 3(O 2CCH 3) 6(Bpy) 2 in Polyacrylamide Nanobeads as a New Design Approach to a T 1- T 2 Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:18153-18164. [PMID: 30964631 PMCID: PMC8515904 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing need for gadolinium-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, particularly for patients suffering from chronic kidney disease. Using a cluster-nanocarrier combination, we have identified a novel approach to the design of biomedical nanomaterials and report here the criteria for the cluster and the nanocarrier and the advantages of this combination. We have investigated the relaxivity of the following manganese oxo clusters: the parent cluster Mn3(O2CCH3)6(Bpy)2 (1) where Bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and three new analogs, Mn3(O2CC6H4CH═CH2)6(Bpy)2 (2), Mn3(O2CC(CH3)═CH2)6(Bpy)2 (3), and Mn3O(O2CCH3)6(Pyr)2 (4) where Pyr = pyridine. The parent cluster, Mn3(O2CCH3)6(Bpy)2 (1), had impressive relaxivity ( r1 = 6.9 mM-1 s-1, r2 = 125 mM-1 s-1) and was found to be the most amenable for the synthesis of cluster-nanocarrier nanobeads. Using the inverse miniemulsion polymerization technique (1) in combination with the hydrophilic monomer acrylamide, we synthesized nanobeads (∼125 nm diameter) with homogeneously dispersed clusters within the polyacrylamide matrix (termed Mn3Bpy-PAm). The nanobeads were surface-modified by co-polymerization with an amine-functionalized monomer. This enabled various postsynthetic modifications, for example, to attach a near-IR dye, Cyanine7, as well as a targeting agent. When evaluated as a potential multimodal MRI contrast agent, high relaxivity and contrast were observed with r1 = 54.4 mM-1 s-1 and r2 = 144 mM-1 s-1, surpassing T1 relaxivity of clinically used Gd-DTPA chelates as well as comparable T2 relaxivity to iron oxide microspheres. Physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, and impacts on cell viability were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidumin Dahanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Chanon Pornrungroj
- Department of Physics, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
- IMRAM, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Michele Pablico-Lansigan
- Department of Chemistry, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20016, United States
| | - William J. Hickling
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Trevor Lyons
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - David Lah
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Yichien Lee
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Erika Parasido
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Jeffery A. Bertke
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Christopher Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Edward Van Keuren
- Department of Physics, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Sarah L. Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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18
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Li R, Elsabahy M, Song Y, Wang H, Su L, Letteri RA, Khan S, Heo GS, Sun G, Liu Y, Wooley KL. Functional, Degradable Zwitterionic Polyphosphoesters as Biocompatible Coating Materials for Metal Nanostructures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:1503-1512. [PMID: 30346776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A zwitterionic polyphosphoester (zPPE), specifically l-cysteine-functionalized poly(but-3-yn-1-yloxy)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (zPBYP), has been developed as a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) alternative coating material for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the most extensively investigated metal nanoparticulate platform toward molecular imaging, photothermal therapy, and drug delivery applications. Thiol-yne conjugation of cysteine transformed an initial azido-terminated and alkynyl-functionalized PBYP homopolymer into zPBYP, offering hydrolytic degradability, biocompatibility, and versatile reactive moieties for installation of a range of functional groups. Despite minor degradation during purification, zPPEs were able to stabilize AuNPs presumably through multivalent interactions between combinations of the side chain zwitterions (thioether and phosphoester groups of the zPPEs with the AuNPs). 31P NMR studies in D2O revealed ca. 20% hydrolysis of the phosphoester moieties of the repeat units had occurred during the workup and purification by aqueous dialysis at pH 3 over ca. 1 d, as observed by the 31P signal of the phosphotriesters resonating at ca. -0.5 to -1.7 shifting downfield to ca. 1.1 to -0.4 ppm, attributed to transformation to phosphates. Further hydrolysis of side chain and backbone units proceeded to an extent of ca. 75% over the next 2 d in nanopure water (pH 5-6). The NMR degradation results were consistent with the broadening and red-shift of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) observed by UV-vis spectroscopy of the zPPE-coated AuNPs in water over time. All AuNP formulations in this study, including those with citrate, PEG, and zPPE coatings, exhibited negligible immunotoxicity, as determined by cytokine overexpression in the presence of the nanostructures relative to those in cell culture medium. Notably, the zPPE-coated AuNPs displayed superior antifouling properties, as assessed by the extent of cytokine adsorption relative to both the PEGylated and citrate-coated AuNPs. Taken together, the physicochemical and biological evaluations of zPPE-coated AuNPs in conjunction with PEGylated and citrate-coated analogues indicate the promise of zPPEs as favorable alternatives to PEG coatings, with negligible immunotoxicity, good antifouling performance, and versatile reactive groups that enable the preparation of highly tailored nanomaterials for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richen Li
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Assiut University , 71515 Assiut , Egypt
| | - Yue Song
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Hai Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Lu Su
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Rachel A Letteri
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Sarosh Khan
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Gyu Seong Heo
- Department of Radiology , Washington University , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Guorong Sun
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Department of Radiology , Washington University , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Karen L Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
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19
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Yan X, Chen Q, An J, Liu DE, Huang Y, Yang R, Li W, Chen L, Gao H. Hyaluronic acid/PEGylated amphiphilic nanoparticles for pursuit of selective intracellular doxorubicin release. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:95-102. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02370k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of nanomedicine possessing anticancer and antimicrobial agents to combat microbes in tumor tissues to alleviate cancer-drugs resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjie Yan
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
| | - Qixian Chen
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Jinxia An
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
| | - De-E Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
| | - Yongkang Huang
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
| | - Rui Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
| | - Wei Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
| | - Li Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
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20
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Ferrari R, Sponchioni M, Morbidelli M, Moscatelli D. Polymer nanoparticles for the intravenous delivery of anticancer drugs: the checkpoints on the road from the synthesis to clinical translation. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22701-22719. [PMID: 30512025 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05933k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this review article we discuss some of the key aspects concerning the development of a polymer-based nanoparticle formulation for intravenous drug delivery. Since numerous preparations fail before and during clinical trials, our aim is to emphasize the main issues that a nanocarrier has to face once injected into the body. These include biocompatibility and toxicity, drug loading and release, nanoparticle storage and stability, biodistribution, selectivity towards the target organs or tissues, internalization in cells and biodegradability. They represent the main checkpoints to define a polymer-based formulation as safe and effective. Indeed, this review is intended to provide guidelines to be followed in the early development of a new nanotherapeutic to hopefully increase the success rate of polymer-based formulations entering clinical trials. The corresponding requirements and characteristics are discussed in the context of some relevant case studies taken from the literature and mainly related to the delivery of lipophilic anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ferrari
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - M Sponchioni
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland. and Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - M Morbidelli
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - D Moscatelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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21
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Borguet Y, Khan S, Noel A, Gunsten SP, Brody SL, Elsabahy M, Wooley KL. Development of Fully Degradable Phosphonium-Functionalized Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers for Nucleic Acids Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:1212-1222. [PMID: 29526096 PMCID: PMC5894060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To expand the range of functional polymer materials to include fully hydrolytically degradable systems that bear bioinspired phosphorus-containing linkages both along the backbone and as cationic side chain moieties for packaging and delivery of nucleic acids, phosphonium-functionalized polyphosphoester- block-poly(l-lactide) copolymers of various compositions were synthesized, fully characterized, and their self-assembly into nanoparticles were studied. First, an alkyne-functionalized polyphosphoester- block-poly(l-lactide) copolymer was synthesized via a one pot sequential ring opening polymerization of an alkyne-functionalized phospholane monomer, followed by the addition of l-lactide to grow the second block. Second, the alkynyl side groups of the polyphosphoester block were functionalized via photoinitiated thiol-yne radical addition of a phosphonium-functionalized free thiol. The polymers of varying phosphonium substitution degrees were self-assembled in aqueous buffers to afford formation of well-defined core-shell assemblies with an average size ranging between 30 and 50 nm, as determined by dynamic light scattering. Intracellular delivery of the nanoparticles and their effects on cell viability and capability at enhancing transfection efficiency of nucleic acids (e.g., siRNA) were investigated. Cell viability assays demonstrated limited toxicity of the assembly to RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages, except at high polymer concentrations, where the polymer of high degree of phosphonium functionalization induced relatively higher cytotoxicity. Transfection efficiency was strongly affected by the phosphonium-to-phosphate (P+/P-) ratios of the polymers and siRNA, respectively. The AllStars Hs Cell Death siRNA complexed to the various copolymers at a P+/P- ratio of 10:1 induced comparable cell death to Lipofectamine. These fully degradable nanoparticles might provide biocompatible nanocarriers for therapeutic nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick
P. Borguet
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering,
and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Sarosh Khan
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering,
and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Amandine Noel
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering,
and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Sean P. Gunsten
- Department
of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Steven L. Brody
- Department
of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering,
and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut International Center
of Nanomedicine, Alrajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering,
and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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22
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Abstract
As endogenous biological nanoparticles capable of uptake by cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have the capacity to deliver their RNA cargo to recipient cells. The use of EVs as a drug delivery system remains in its infancy, and there are several barriers to the use of EV for this purpose. Amongst these is the need to ensure that adequate amounts of EV are available. The use of milk-derived EV provides a scalable approach and loading of these EVs with RNA is possible with the use of chemical transfection reagents. This method describes the use of milk-derived EV for delivery of small interfering RNA. These EVs were shown to be taken up by hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro, with a reduction in the expression of target gene.
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23
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Bauer KN, Tee HT, Velencoso MM, Wurm FR. Main-chain poly(phosphoester)s: History, syntheses, degradation, bio-and flame-retardant applications. Prog Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Morsi NG, Ali SM, Elsonbaty SS, Afifi AA, Hamad MA, Gao H, Elsabahy M. Poly(glycerol methacrylate)-based degradable nanoparticles for delivery of small interfering RNA. Pharm Dev Technol 2017; 23:387-399. [PMID: 28347210 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2017.1312443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acids therapeutic efficiency is generally limited by their low stability and intracellular bioavailability, and by the toxicity of the carriers used to deliver them to the target sites. Aminated poly(glycerol methacrylate) polymers are biodegradable and pH-sensitive polymers that have been used previously to deliver antisense oligonucleotide and show high transfection efficiency. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficiency and toxicity of aminated linear poly(glycerol methacrylate) (ALT) biodegradable polymer to the most commonly used cationic degradable (i.e. chitosan) and non-degradable (i.e. polyethylenimine (PEI)) polymers for delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA). ALT, PEI and chitosan polymers were able to form nanosized particles with siRNA. Size, size-distribution and zeta-potential were measured over a wide range of nitrogen-to-phosphate (N/P) ratios, and the stability of the formed nanoparticles in saline and upon freeze-drying was also assessed. No significant cytotoxicity at the range of the tested concentrations of ALT and chitosan nanoparticles was observed, whereas the non-degradable PEI showed significant toxicity in huh-7 hepatocyte-derived carcinoma cell line. The safety profiles of the degradable polymers (ALT and chitosan) over non-degradable PEI were demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. In addition, ALT nanoparticles were able to deliver siRNA in vivo with significantly higher efficiency than chitosan nanoparticles. The results in the present study give evidence of the great implications of ALT nanoparticles in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, high stability and simple preparation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha G Morsi
- a Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine , Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Ali
- a Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine , Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt
| | - Sherouk S Elsonbaty
- a Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine , Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Afifi
- a Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine , Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Hamad
- b Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine , Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt
| | - Hui Gao
- c School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Tianjin University of Technology , Tianjin , China
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- a Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine , Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt.,d Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , TX , USA.,e Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt.,f Misr University for Science and Technology , 6th of October City , Egypt
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25
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Zhang L, Shi D, Shi C, Dong L, Li X, Chen M. Controllable Synthesis of Multiarm Star-Shaped Copolymers Composed of Phosphoester Chains and Their Application on Drug Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Dongjian Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Chunling Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xuzhou Institute of Technology; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221111 China
| | - Liangliang Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
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26
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Elzeny H, Zhang F, Ali EN, Fathi HA, Zhang S, Li R, El-Mokhtar MA, Hamad MA, Wooley KL, Elsabahy M. Polyphosphoester nanoparticles as biodegradable platform for delivery of multiple drugs and siRNA. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:483-496. [PMID: 28260861 PMCID: PMC5327906 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s128503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of multiple therapeutics and/or diagnostic agents to diseased tissues is challenging and necessitates the development of multifunctional platforms. Among the various strategies for design of multifunctional nanocarriers, biodegradable polyphosphoester (PPE) polymers have been recently synthesized via a rapid and simple synthetic strategy. In addition, the chemical structure of the polymer could be tuned to form nanoparticles with varying surface chemistries and charges, which have shown exceptional safety and biocompatibility as compared to several commercial agents. The purpose of this study was to exploit a mixture of PPE nanoparticles of cationic and neutral surface charges for multiple delivery of anticancer drugs (ie, sorafenib and paclitaxel) and nucleic acids (ie, siRNA). Cationic PPE polymers could efficiently complex siRNA, and the stability of the nanoparticles could be maintained in physiological solutions and upon freeze-drying and were able to deliver siRNA in vivo when injected intravenously in mice. Commercially available cationic polyethylenimine polymer had LD50 of ca. 61.7 mg/kg in mice, whereas no animal died after injection of the cationic PPE polymer at a dose of >130 mg/kg. Neutral PPE nanoparticles were able to encapsulate two hydrophobic drugs, namely, sorafenib and paclitaxel, which are commonly used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mixing the neutral and cationic PPE nanoparticles did not result in any precipitation, and the size characteristics of both types of nanoparticles were maintained. Hence, PPE polymers might have potential for the delivery of multiple drugs and diagnostic agents to diseased tissues via simple synthesis of the individual polymers and assembly into nanoparticles that can host several drugs while being mixed in the same administration set, which is of importance for industrial and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Elzeny
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Esraa N Ali
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba A Fathi
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Richen Li
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Mostafa A Hamad
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Karen L Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut
- Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
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27
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Gagliardi M, Bertero A, Bifone A. Molecularly Imprinted Biodegradable Nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40046. [PMID: 28071745 PMCID: PMC5223160 DOI: 10.1038/srep40046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer nanoparticles are promising carriers for targeted drug delivery in nanomedicine applications. Molecu- lar imprinting is a potential strategy to target polymer nanoparticles through binding of endogenous ligands that may promote recognition and active transport into specific cells and tissues. However, the lock-and-key mechanism of molecular imprinting requires relatively rigid cross-linked structures, unlike those of many biodegradable polymers. To date, no fully biodegradable molecularly imprinted particles have been reported in the literature. This paper reports the synthesis of a novel molecularly- imprinted nanocarrier, based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and acrylic acid, that combines biodegradability and molec- ular recognition properties. A novel three-arm biodegradable cross-linker was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of glycolide and lactide initiated by glycerol. The resulting macromer was functionalized by introduction of end-functions through reaction with acryloyl chloride. Macromer and acrylic acid were used for the synthesis of narrowly-dispersed nanoparticles by radical polymerization in diluted conditions in the presence of biotin as template molecule. The binding capacity of the imprinted nanoparticles towards biotin and biotinylated bovine serum albumin was twentyfold that of non-imprinted nanoparti- cles. Degradation rates and functional performances were assessed in in vitro tests and cell cultures, demonstrating effective biotin-mediated cell internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Gagliardi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Micro Bio-Robotics @SSSA, viale Rinaldo Piaggio,34, 56025, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Alice Bertero
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @UNITN, Corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
- University of Pisa, Department of Biology, Unit of Cellular and Developmental Biology, S.S.12 Abetone e Brennero 4, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Bifone
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @UNITN, Corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
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Su L, Khan S, Fan J, Lin YN, Wang H, Gustafson TP, Zhang F, Wooley KL. Functional sugar-based polymers and nanostructures comprised of degradable poly(d-glucose carbonate)s. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01978a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the synthesis and aqueous solution-state assembly of functional degradable poly(d-glucose carbonate)s, derived from renewable sources, with practical utility in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Su
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
| | - Sarosh Khan
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
| | - Jingwei Fan
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
| | - Yen-Nan Lin
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
| | - Hai Wang
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
| | - Tiffany P. Gustafson
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- Texas 77842
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29
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Lim YH, Tiemann KM, Hunstad DA, Elsabahy M, Wooley KL. Polymeric nanoparticles in development for treatment of pulmonary infectious diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 8:842-871. [PMID: 27016134 PMCID: PMC5035710 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Serious lung infections, such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and chronic obstructive cystic fibrosis-related bacterial diseases, are increasingly difficult to treat and can be life-threatening. Over the last decades, an array of therapeutics and/or diagnostics have been exploited for management of pulmonary infections, but the advent of drug-resistant bacteria and the adverse conditions experienced upon reaching the lung environment urge the development of more effective delivery vehicles. Nanotechnology is revolutionizing the approach to circumventing these barriers, enabling better management of pulmonary infectious diseases. In particular, polymeric nanoparticle-based therapeutics have emerged as promising candidates, allowing for programmed design of multi-functional nanodevices and, subsequently, improved pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficiency, as compared to conventional routes of delivery. Direct delivery to the lungs of such nanoparticles, loaded with appropriate antimicrobials and equipped with 'smart' features to overcome various mucosal and cellular barriers, is a promising approach to localize and concentrate therapeutics at the site of infection while minimizing systemic exposure to the therapeutic agents. The present review focuses on recent progress (2005-2015) important for the rational design of nanostructures, particularly polymeric nanoparticles, for the treatment of pulmonary infections with highlights on the influences of size, shape, composition, and surface characteristics of antimicrobial-bearing polymeric nanoparticles on their biodistribution, therapeutic efficacy, and toxicity. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016, 8:842-871. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1401 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young H Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kristin M Tiemann
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University of School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A Hunstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University of School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University of School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
- Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt.
| | - Karen L Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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30
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Lonnecker AT, Lim YH, Felder SE, Besset CJ, Wooley KL. Four Different Regioisomeric Polycarbonates Derived from One Natural Product, d-Glucose. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Lonnecker
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Young H. Lim
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Simcha E. Felder
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Céline J. Besset
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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31
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Wills JW, Hondow N, Thomas AD, Chapman KE, Fish D, Maffeis TG, Penny MW, Brown RA, Jenkins GJS, Brown AP, White PA, Doak SH. Genetic toxicity assessment of engineered nanoparticles using a 3D in vitro skin model (EpiDerm™). Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:50. [PMID: 27613375 PMCID: PMC5016964 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rapid production and incorporation of engineered nanomaterials into consumer products alongside research suggesting nanomaterials can cause cell death and DNA damage (genotoxicity) makes in vitro assays desirable for nanosafety screening. However, conflicting outcomes are often observed when in vitro and in vivo study results are compared, suggesting more physiologically representative in vitro models are required to minimise reliance on animal testing. Method BASF Levasil® silica nanoparticles (16 and 85 nm) were used to adapt the 3D reconstructed skin micronucleus (RSMN) assay for nanomaterials administered topically or into the growth medium. 3D dose-responses were compared to a 2D micronucleus assay using monocultured human B cells (TK6) after standardising dose between 2D / 3D assays by total nanoparticle mass to cell number. Cryogenic vitrification, scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering techniques were applied to characterise in-medium and air-liquid interface exposures. Advanced transmission electron microscopy imaging modes (high angle annular dark field) and X-ray spectrometry were used to define nanoparticle penetration / cellular uptake in the intact 3D models and 2D monocultured cells. Results For all 2D exposures, significant (p < 0.002) increases in genotoxicity were observed (≥100 μg/mL) alongside cell viability decreases (p < 0.015) at doses ≥200 μg/mL (16 nm-SiO2) and ≥100 μg/mL (85 nm-SiO2). In contrast, 2D-equivalent exposures to the 3D models (≤300 μg/mL) caused no significant DNA damage or impact on cell viability. Further increasing dose to the 3D models led to probable air-liquid interface suffocation. Nanoparticle penetration / cell uptake analysis revealed no exposure to the live cells of the 3D model occurred due to the protective nature of the skin model’s 3D cellular microarchitecture (topical exposures) and confounding barrier effects of the collagen cell attachment layer (in-medium exposures). 2D monocultured cells meanwhile showed extensive internalisation of both silica particles causing (geno)toxicity. Conclusions The results establish the importance of tissue microarchitecture in defining nanomaterial exposure, and suggest 3D in vitro models could play a role in bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo outcomes in nanotoxicology. Robust exposure characterisation and uptake assessment methods (as demonstrated) are essential to interpret nano(geno)toxicity studies successfully. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0161-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Wills
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Nicole Hondow
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Adam D Thomas
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Katherine E Chapman
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - David Fish
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Thierry G Maffeis
- Multi-Disciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, College of Engineering, Singleton Park, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Mark W Penny
- Multi-Disciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, College of Engineering, Singleton Park, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Richard A Brown
- Multi-Disciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, College of Engineering, Singleton Park, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Gareth J S Jenkins
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Andy P Brown
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul A White
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa, K1N 9B4, ON, Canada
| | - Shareen H Doak
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
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Kamaly N, Yameen B, Wu J, Farokhzad OC. Degradable Controlled-Release Polymers and Polymeric Nanoparticles: Mechanisms of Controlling Drug Release. Chem Rev 2016; 116:2602-63. [PMID: 26854975 PMCID: PMC5509216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1551] [Impact Index Per Article: 193.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Kamaly
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Basit Yameen
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jun Wu
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Omid C. Farokhzad
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Biomaterials, Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Castelletto V, de Santis E, Alkassem H, Lamarre B, Noble JE, Ray S, Bella A, Burns JR, Hoogenboom BW, Ryadnov MG. Structurally plastic peptide capsules for synthetic antimicrobial viruses. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1707-1711. [PMID: 29081944 PMCID: PMC5633914 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03260a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A conceptual design for artificial antimicrobial viruses is described. The design emulates viral assembly and function to create self-assembling peptide capsules that promote efficient gene delivery and silencing in mammalian cells. Unlike viruses, however, the capsules are antimicrobial, which allows them to exhibit a dual biological function: gene transport and antimicrobial activity. Unlike other antimicrobials, the capsules act as pre-concentrated antimicrobial agents that elicit rapid and localised membrane-disrupting responses by converting into individual pores at their precise landing positions on membranes. The concept holds promise for engineering virus-like scaffolds with biologically tuneable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hasan Alkassem
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , UK . .,London Centre for Nanotechnology , Departments of Biochemical Engineering and Physics and Astronomy , University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - Baptiste Lamarre
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , UK .
| | - James E Noble
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , UK .
| | - Santanu Ray
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , UK .
| | - Angelo Bella
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , UK .
| | - Jonathan R Burns
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , UK .
| | - Bart W Hoogenboom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology , Departments of Biochemical Engineering and Physics and Astronomy , University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - Maxim G Ryadnov
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington , Middlesex TW11 0LW , UK .
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34
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Singh Y, Tomar S, Khan S, Meher JG, Pawar VK, Raval K, Sharma K, Singh PK, Chaurasia M, Surendar Reddy B, Chourasia MK. Bridging small interfering RNA with giant therapeutic outcomes using nanometric liposomes. J Control Release 2015; 220:368-387. [PMID: 26528900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The scope of RNAi based therapeutics is unquestionable. However, if we dissect the current trend of clinical trials for afore mentioned drug class, some stark trends appear: 1) naked siRNA only exerts influence in topical mode whilst systemic delivery requires a carrier and 2) even after two decades of extensive efforts, not even a single siRNA containing product is commercially available. It was therefore felt that a perspective simplifying the unique intricacies of working with a merger of siRNA and liposomes from a pharmaceutical viewpoint could draw the attention of a wider array of interested researchers. We begin from the beginning and attempt to conduit the gap between theoretical logic and experimental/actual constraints. This, in turn could stimulate the next generation of investigators, gearing them to tackle the conundrum, which is siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvraj Singh
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sandeep Tomar
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shariq Khan
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jaya Gopal Meher
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Vivek K Pawar
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kavit Raval
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Komal Sharma
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mohini Chaurasia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow, UP 226028, India
| | - B Surendar Reddy
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Manish K Chourasia
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, 71515 Assiut, Egypt, and Misr University for Science and Technology, 6 of October City, Egypt
| | - Gyu Seong Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Soon-Mi Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Guorong Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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Kootala S, Tokunaga M, Hilborn J, Iwasaki Y. Anti-Resorptive Functions of Poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) on Human Osteoclasts. Macromol Biosci 2015. [PMID: 26222677 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis involves hyperactive osteoclasts. A large number of current drugs result in side effects affecting their efficacy in the clinic. Polyphosphoesters are unique polymeric biomaterials because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bone affinity. We studied the viability and ability of human osteoclasts to resorb bone when dosed with poly(ethylene sodium phosphate) (PEP·Na). This did not trigger any change in osteoblast cell viability, however the polymer diminished human osteoclasts and their ability to resorb bone at concentrations as low as 10(-4) m · mL(-1). This is the first report to validate the possibility of using polyphosphoesters for selective inhibition of human osteoclast functions, indicating its potential to be used as an effective polymer prodrug for treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Kootala
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Uppsala University, Ångström Laboratory, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Masahiro Tokunaga
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Jöns Hilborn
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Uppsala University, Ångström Laboratory, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan.
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Elsabahy M, Wooley KL. Data Mining as a Guide for the Construction of Cross-Linked Nanoparticles with Low Immunotoxicity via Control of Polymer Chemistry and Supramolecular Assembly. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:1620-30. [PMID: 26011318 PMCID: PMC4500541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The potential immunotoxicity of nanoparticles that are currently being approved, in different phases of clinical trials, or undergoing rigorous in vitro and in vivo characterizations in several laboratories has recently raised special attention. Products with no apparent in vitro or in vivo toxicity may still trigger various components of the immune system unintentionally and lead to serious adverse reactions. Cytokines are one of the useful biomarkers for predicting the effect of biotherapeutics on modulation of the immune system and for screening the immunotoxicity of nanoparticles both in vitro and in vivo, and they were recently found to partially predict the in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of nanomaterials. Control of polymer chemistry and supramolecular assembly provides a great opportunity for the construction of biocompatible nanoparticles for biomedical clinical applications. However, the sources of data collected regarding immunotoxicities of nanomaterials are diverse, and experiments are usually conducted using different assays under specific conditions. As a result, making direct comparisons nearly impossible, and thus, tailoring the properties of nanomaterials on the basis of the available data is challenging. In this Account, the effects of chemical structure, cross-linking, degradability, morphology, concentration, and surface chemistry on the immunotoxicity of an expansive array of polymeric nanomaterials will be highlighted, with a focus on assays conducted using the same in vitro and in vivo models and experimental conditions. Furthermore, numerical descriptive values have been utilized uniquely to stand for induction of cytokines by nanoparticles. This treatment of available data provides a simple way to compare the immunotoxicities of various nanomaterials, and the values were found to correlate well with published data. On the basis of the polymeric systems investigated in this study, valuable information has been collected that will aid in the future design of nanomaterials for biomedical applications, including the following: (a) the immunotoxicity of nanomaterials is concentration- and dose-dependent; (b) the synthesis of degradable nanoparticles is essential to decrease toxicity;
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, 71515 Assiut, Egypt and Misr University for Science and Technology, 6 of October City, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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38
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Aweda TA, Zhang S, Mupanomunda C, Burkemper J, Heo GS, Bandara N, Lin M, Cutler CS, Cannon CL, Youngs W, Wooley KL, Lapi SE. Investigating the pharmacokinetics and biological distribution of silver-loaded polyphosphoester-based nanoparticles using (111) Ag as a radiotracer. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:234-41. [PMID: 25952472 PMCID: PMC4457551 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Purified (111) Ag was used as a radiotracer to investigate silver loading and release, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of polyphosphoester-based degradable shell crosslinked knedel-like (SCK) nanoparticles as a comparison to the previously reported small molecule, N-heterocyclic silver carbene complex analog (SCC1) for the delivery of therapeutic silver ions in mouse models. Biodistribution studies were conducted by aerosol administration of (111) Ag acetate, [(111) Ag]SCC1, and [(111) Ag]SCK doses directly into the lungs of C57BL/6 mice. Nebulization of the (111) Ag antimicrobials resulted in an average uptake of 1.07 ± 0.12% of the total aerosolized dose given per mouse. The average dose taken into the lungs of mice was estimated to be 2.6 ± 0.3% of the dose inhaled per mouse for [(111) Ag]SCC1 and twice as much dose was observed for the [(111) Ag]SCKs (5.0 ± 0.3% and 5.9 ± 0.8% for [(111) Ag]aSCK and [(111) Ag]zSCK, respectively) at 1 h post administration (p.a.). [(111) Ag]SCKs also exhibited higher dose retention in the lungs; 62-68% for [(111) Ag]SCKs and 43% for [(111) Ag]SCC1 of the initial 1 h dose were observed in the lungs at 24 h p.a.. This study demonstrates the utility of (111) Ag as a useful tool for monitoring the pharmacokinetics of silver-loaded antimicrobials in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolulope A. Aweda
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255
| | - Chiedza Mupanomunda
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jennifer Burkemper
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Gyu Seong Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255
| | - Nilantha Bandara
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Mai Lin
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Cathy S. Cutler
- University of Missouri, Research Reactor Center, 1513 Research Park Drive, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Carolyn L. Cannon
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 407 Reynolds Medical Building, College Station, TX 77843-1114
| | - Wiley Youngs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255
| | - Suzanne E. Lapi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Toledano-Magaña Y, Flores-Santos L, Montes de Oca G, González-Montiel A, Laclette JP, Carrero JC. Effect of Clinoptilolite and Sepiolite Nanoclays on Human and Parasitic Highly Phagocytic Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:164980. [PMID: 26090385 PMCID: PMC4452243 DOI: 10.1155/2015/164980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoclays have potential applications in biomedicine raising the need to evaluate their toxicity in in vitro models as a first approach to its biocompatibility. In this study, in vitro toxicity of clinoptilolite and sepiolite nanoclays (NC) was analyzed in highly phagocytic cultures of amoebas and human and mice macrophages. While amebic viability was significantly affected only by sepiolite NC at concentrations higher than 0.1 mg/mL, the effect on macrophage cultures was dependent on the origin of the cells. Macrophages derived from human peripheral blood monocytes were less affected in viability (25% decrease at 48 h), followed by the RAW 264.7 cell line (40%), and finally, macrophages derived from mice bone marrow monocytes (98%). Moreover, the cell line and mice macrophages die mainly by necrosis, whereas human macrophages exhibit increased apoptosis. Cytokine expression analysis in media of sepiolite NC treated cultures showed a proinflammatory profile (INFγ, IL-1α, IL-8, and IL-6), in contrast with clinoptilolite NC that induced lees cytokines with concomitant production of IL-10. The results show that sepiolite NC is more toxic to amoebas and macrophages than clinoptilolite NC, mostly in a time and dose-dependent manner. However, the effect of sepiolite NC was comparable with talc powder suggesting that both NC have low cytotoxicity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanis Toledano-Magaña
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Leticia Flores-Santos
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, S.A. de C.V., Avenida de los Sauces No. 87, Mz 6, Parque Industrial Lerma, 52000 Toluca, Mexico
| | - Georgina Montes de Oca
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, S.A. de C.V., Avenida de los Sauces No. 87, Mz 6, Parque Industrial Lerma, 52000 Toluca, Mexico
| | - Alfonso González-Montiel
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, S.A. de C.V., Avenida de los Sauces No. 87, Mz 6, Parque Industrial Lerma, 52000 Toluca, Mexico
| | - Juan-Pedro Laclette
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Julio-César Carrero
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, DF, Mexico
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40
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Steinbach T, Wurm FR. Poly(phosphoester)s: A New Platform for Degradable Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6098-108. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Steinbach T, Wurm FR. Polyphosphoester: eine neue Plattform für abbaubare Polymere. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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42
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Lee Y, Hanif S, Theato P, Zentel R, Lim J, Char K. Facile Synthesis of Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles by Covalent Modification-Nanoprecipitation of Amine-Reactive Ester Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:1089-95. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Lee
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids; The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-744 Korea
| | - Sadaf Hanif
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry; University of Hamburg; Hamburg Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Jeewoo Lim
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids; The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-744 Korea
| | - Kookheon Char
- The National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids; The WCU Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-744 Korea
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43
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Zare-Zardini H, Amiri A, Shanbedi M, Taheri-Kafrani A, Kazi SN, Chew BT, Razmjou A. In vitro and in vivo study of hazardous effects of Ag nanoparticles and Arginine-treated multi walled carbon nanotubes on blood cells: application in hemodialysis membranes. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:2959-65. [PMID: 25690431 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
One of the novel applications of the nanostructures is the modification and development of membranes for hemocompatibility of hemodialysis. The toxicity and hemocompatibility of Ag nanoparticles and arginine-treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-Arg) and possibility of their application in membrane technology are investigated here. MWNT-Arg is prepared by amidation reactions, followed by characterization by FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed a good hemocompatibility and the hemolytic rates in the presence of both MWNT-Arg and Ag nanoparticles. The hemolytic rate of Ag nanoparticles was lower than that of MWNT-Arg. In vivo study revealed that Ag nanoparticle and MWNT-Arg decreased Hematocrit and mean number of red blood cells (RBC) statistically at concentration of 100 µg mL(-1) . The mean decrease of RBC and Hematocrit for Ag nanoparticles (18% for Hematocrit and 5.8 × 1,000,000/µL) was more than MWNT-Arg (20% for Hematocrit and 6 × 1000000/µL). In addition, MWNT-Arg and Ag nanoparticles had a direct influence on the White Blood Cell (WBC) drop. Regarding both nanostructures, although the number of WBC increased in initial concentration, it decreased significantly at the concentration of 100 µg mL(-1) . It is worth mentioning that the toxicity of Ag nanoparticle on WBC was higher than that of MWNT-Arg. Because of potent antimicrobial activity and relative hemocompatibility, MWNT-Arg could be considered as a new candidate for biomedical applications in the future especially for hemodialysis membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Zare-Zardini
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Hamtology and Oncology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Amiri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mehdi Shanbedi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asghar Taheri-Kafrani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - S N Kazi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - B T Chew
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amir Razmjou
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Lim YH, Tiemann KM, Heo GS, Wagers PO, Rezenom YH, Zhang S, Zhang F, Youngs WJ, Hunstad DA, Wooley KL. Preparation and in vitro antimicrobial activity of silver-bearing degradable polymeric nanoparticles of polyphosphoester-block-poly(L-lactide). ACS NANO 2015; 9:1995-2008. [PMID: 25621868 PMCID: PMC4455953 DOI: 10.1021/nn507046h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of well-defined polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as delivery carriers for antimicrobials targeting human infectious diseases requires rational design of the polymer template, an efficient synthetic approach, and fundamental understanding of the developed NPs, e.g., drug loading/release, particle stability, and other characteristics. Herein, we developed and evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of silver-bearing, fully biodegradable and functional polymeric NPs. A series of degradable polymeric nanoparticles (dNPs), composed of phosphoester and L-lactide and designed specifically for silver loading into the hydrophilic shell and/or the hydrophobic core, were prepared as potential delivery carriers for three different types of silver-based antimicrobials-silver acetate or one of two silver carbene complexes (SCCs). Silver-loading capacities of the dNPs were not influenced by the hydrophilic block chain length, loading site (i.e., core or shell), or type of silver compound, but optimization of the silver feed ratio was crucial to maximize the silver loading capacity of dNPs, up to ca. 12% (w/w). The release kinetics of silver-bearing dNPs revealed 50% release at ca. 2.5-5.5 h depending on the type of silver compound. In addition, we undertook a comprehensive evaluation of the rates of hydrolytic or enzymatic degradability and performed structural characterization of the degradation products. Interestingly, packaging of the SCCs in the dNP-based delivery system improved minimum inhibitory concentrations up to 70%, compared with the SCCs alone, as measured in vitro against 10 contemporary epidemic strains of Staphylococcus aureus and eight uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. We conclude that these dNP-based delivery systems may be beneficial for direct epithelial treatment and/or prevention of ubiquitous bacterial infections, including those of the skin and urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young H. Lim
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Kristin M. Tiemann
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University of School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Gyu Seong Heo
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Patrick O. Wagers
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Silver Therapeutics Research, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
| | - Yohannes H. Rezenom
- Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Wiley J. Youngs
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Silver Therapeutics Research, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
| | - David A. Hunstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University of School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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Zhang F, Smolen JA, Zhang S, Li R, Shah PN, Cho S, Wang H, Raymond JE, Cannon CL, Wooley KL. Degradable polyphosphoester-based silver-loaded nanoparticles as therapeutics for bacterial lung infections. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:2265-2270. [PMID: 25573163 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07103d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new type of degradable polyphosphoester-based polymeric nanoparticle, capable of carrying silver cations via interactions with alkyne groups, has been developed as a potentially effective and safe treatment for lung infections. It was found that up to 15% (w/w) silver loading into the nanoparticles could be achieved, consuming most of the pendant alkyne groups along the backbone, as revealed by Raman spectroscopy. The well-defined Ag-loaded nanoparticles released silver in a controlled and sustained manner over 5 days, and displayed enhanced in vitro antibacterial activities against cystic fibrosis-associated pathogens and decreased cytotoxicity to human bronchial epithelial cells, in comparison to silver acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
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Zhang F, Zhang S, Pollack SF, Li R, Gonzalez AM, Fan J, Zou J, Leininger SE, Pavía-Sanders A, Johnson R, Nelson LD, Raymond JE, Elsabahy M, Hughes DMP, Lenox MW, Gustafson TP, Wooley KL. Improving Paclitaxel Delivery: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of PEGylated Polyphosphoester-Based Nanocarriers. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:2056-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ja512616s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura D. Nelson
- Department
of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | | | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, and Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine,
Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, 71515 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Dennis M. P. Hughes
- Department
of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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47
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Ke X, Ng VWL, Ono RJ, Chan JM, Krishnamurthy S, Wang Y, Hedrick JL, Yang YY. Role of non-covalent and covalent interactions in cargo loading capacity and stability of polymeric micelles. J Control Release 2014; 193:9-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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48
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Lim Y, Heo GS, Rezenom YH, Pollack S, Raymond JE, Elsabahy M, Wooley KL. Development of a Vinyl Ether-Functionalized Polyphosphoester as a Template for Multiple Postpolymerization Conjugation Chemistries and Study of Core Degradable Polymeric Nanoparticles. Macromolecules 2014; 47:4634-4644. [PMID: 25601803 PMCID: PMC4296319 DOI: 10.1021/ma402480a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel polyphosphoester (PPE) with vinyl ether side chain functionality was developed as a versatile template for postpolymerization modifications, and its degradability and biocompatibility were evaluated. An organo-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of ethylene glycol vinyl ether-pendant cyclic phosphotriester monomer allowed for construction of poly(ethylene glycol vinyl ether phosphotriester) (PEVEP). This vinyl ether-functionalized PPE scaffold was coupled with hydroxyl- or thiol-containing model small molecules via three different types of conjugation chemistries-thiol-ene "click" reaction, acetalization, or thio-acetalization reaction-to afford modified polymers that accommodated either stable thio-ether or hydrolytically labile acetal or thio-acetal linkages. Amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) and PEVEP formed well-defined micelles with a narrow and monomodal size distribution in water, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The stability of the micelles and the hydrolytic degradability of the backbone and side chains of the PEVEP block segment were assessed by DLS and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 31P), respectively, in aqueous buffer solutions at pH values of 5.0 and 7.4 and at temperatures of 25 and 37 °C. The hydrolytic degradation products of the PEVEP segments of the block copolymers were then identified by electrospray ionization, gas chromatography, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The parent micelles and their degradation products were found to be non-cytotoxic at concentrations up to 3 mg/mL, when evaluated with RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages and OVCAR-3 human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young
H. Lim
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering,
Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012,
3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Gyu Seong Heo
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering,
Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012,
3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Yohannes H. Rezenom
- Laboratory
for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Stephanie Pollack
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering,
Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012,
3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Jeffery E. Raymond
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering,
Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012,
3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering,
Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012,
3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut Clinical Center of Nanomedicine,
Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering,
Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012,
3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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Abstract
Personalized medicine is the cornerstone of medical practice. It tailors treatments for specific conditions of an affected individual. The borders of personalized medicine are defined by limitations in technology and our understanding of biology, physiology and pathology of various conditions. Current advances in technology have provided physicians with the tools to investigate the molecular makeup of the disease. Translating these molecular make-ups to actionable targets has led to the development of small molecular inhibitors. Also, detailed understanding of genetic makeup has allowed us to develop prognostic markers, better known as companion diagnostics. Current attempts in the development of drug delivery systems offer the opportunity of delivering specific inhibitors to affected cells in an attempt to reduce the unwanted side effects of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayane Badalian-Very
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States. Tel.: + 1 617 513 7940; fax: + 1 617 632 5998.
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50
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Tamura A, Tokunaga M, Iwasaki Y, Yui N. Spontaneous Assembly into Pseudopolyrotaxane Between Cyclodextrins and Biodegradable Polyphosphoester Ionomers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tamura
- Department of Organic Biomaterials; Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
| | - Masahiro Tokunaga
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering; Kansai University; 3-3-35 Yamate-cho Suita, Osaka 564-8680 Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering; Kansai University; 3-3-35 Yamate-cho Suita, Osaka 564-8680 Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yui
- Department of Organic Biomaterials; Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
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