1
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Dastjerdi AM, Kharrat R, Niasar V, Ott H. Salinity-Driven Structural and Viscosity Modulation of Confined Polar Oil Phases by Carbonated Brine Films: Novel Insights from Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1780-1795. [PMID: 38334946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The structural and dynamic properties of fluids under confinement in a porous medium differ from their bulk properties. This study delves into the surface structuring and hydrodynamic characteristics of oil/thin film carbonated brine two-phase within a calcite channel upon salinity variation. To this end, both equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are utilized to unveil the effect of the carboxylic acid component (benzoic acid) in a simple model oil (decane) confined between two thin films of carbonated brine on the oil-brine-calcite characteristics. The salinity effect was scrutinized under four saline carbonated waters, deionized carbonated water (DCW), carbonated low-salinity brine (CLSB, 30,000 ppm), carbonated seawater (CSW, 60,000 ppm), and carbonated high-salinity brine (CHSB, 180,000 ppm). An electrical double layer (EDL) is observed at varying salinities, comprising a Stern-like positive layer (formed by Na+ ions) followed by a negative one (formed by Cl- ions primarily residing on top of the adsorbed sodium cations). By lowering the salinity, the Na+ ions cover the interface regions (brine-calcite and brine-oil), depleting within the brine bulk region. The lowest positive surface charge on the rock surface was found in salinity corresponding to seawater. Two distinct Na+ peaks at the oleic phase interface have been observed in the carbonated high-salinity brine system, enhancing the adsorption of polar molecules at the thin brine film interfaces. There is a pronounced EDL formation at the oleic phase interface in the case of CSW, resulting in a strong interface region containing ions and functional fractions. Likewise, the oil region confined by CSW exhibited the lowest apparent viscosity, attributed to the optimized salinity distribution and inclination of benzoic acid fractions uniformly at the brine-oil interface, acting as a slippery surface. Moreover, the results reveal that the presence of polar fractions could increase the oil phase's apparent viscosity, and introducing ions to this system reduces the polar molecules' destructive effect on the apparent viscosity of the oil region. Therefore, the fluidity of confined systems is modulated by both composition of the brine and oil phases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Riyaz Kharrat
- Department Petroleum Engineering, Montanuniversität Leoben, Leoben 8700, Austria
| | - Vahid Niasar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester,, Manchester M139PL, U.K
| | - Holger Ott
- Department Petroleum Engineering, Montanuniversität Leoben, Leoben 8700, Austria
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2
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Su S, Siretanu I, van den Ende D, Mei B, Mul G, Mugele F. Nanometer-Resolved Operando Photo-Response of Faceted BiVO 4 Semiconductor Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2248-2256. [PMID: 38214667 PMCID: PMC10811660 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Photo(electro)catalysis with semiconducting nanoparticles (NPs) is an attractive approach to convert abundant but intermittent renewable electricity into stable chemical fuels. However, our understanding of the microscopic processes governing the performance of the materials has been hampered by the lack of operando characterization techniques with sufficient lateral resolution. Here, we demonstrate that the local surface potentials of NPs of bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) and their response to illumination differ between adjacent facets and depend strongly on the pH of the ambient electrolyte. The isoelectric points of the dominant {010} basal plane and the adjacent {110} side facets differ by 1.5 pH units. Upon illumination, both facets accumulate positive charges and display a maximum surface photoresponse of +55 mV, much stronger than reported in the literature for the surface photo voltage of BiVO4 NPs in air. High resolution images reveal the presence of numerous surface defects ranging from vacancies of a few atoms, to single unit cell steps, to microfacets of variable orientation and degree of disorder. These defects typically carry a highly localized negative surface charge density and display an opposite photoresponse compared to the adjacent facets. Strategies to model and optimize the performance of photocatalyst NPs, therefore, require an understanding of the distribution of surface defects, including the interaction with ambient electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Su
- Physics
of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and
Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The
Netherlands
| | - Igor Siretanu
- Physics
of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and
Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The
Netherlands
| | - Dirk van den Ende
- Physics
of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and
Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The
Netherlands
| | - Bastian Mei
- Photocatalytic
Synthesis Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- Photocatalytic
Synthesis Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Frieder Mugele
- Physics
of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and
Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The
Netherlands
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3
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Wang J, Li H, Tavakol M, Serva A, Nener B, Parish G, Salanne M, Warr GG, Voïtchovsky K, Atkin R. Ions Adsorbed at Amorphous Solid/Solution Interfaces Form Wigner Crystal-like Structures. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1181-1194. [PMID: 38117206 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
When a surface is immersed in a solution, it usually acquires a charge, which attracts counterions and repels co-ions to form an electrical double layer. The ions directly adsorbed to the surface are referred to as the Stern layer. The structure of the Stern layer normal to the interface was described decades ago, but the lateral organization within the Stern layer has received scant attention. This is because instrumental limitations have prevented visualization of the ion arrangements except for atypical, model, crystalline surfaces. Here, we use high-resolution amplitude modulated atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize in situ the lateral structure of Stern layer ions adsorbed to polycrystalline gold, and amorphous silica and gallium nitride (GaN). For all three substrates, when the density of ions in the layer exceeds a system-dependent threshold, correlation effects induce the formation of close packed structures akin to Wigner crystals. Depending on the surface and the ions, the Wigner crystal-like structure can be hexagonally close packed, cubic, or worm-like. The influence of the electrolyte concentration, species, and valence, as well as the surface type and charge, on the Stern layer structures is described. When the system parameters are changed to reduce the Stern layer ion surface excess below the threshold value, Wigner crystal-like structures do not form and the Stern layer is unstructured. For gold surfaces, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that when sufficient potential is applied to the surface, ion clusters form with dimensions similar to the Wigner crystal-like structures in the AFM images. The lateral Stern layer structures presented, and in particular the Wigner crystal-like structures, will influence diverse applications in chemistry, energy storage, environmental science, nanotechnology, biology, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wang
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Hua Li
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Mahdi Tavakol
- Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Alessandra Serva
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Brett Nener
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Giacinta Parish
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Gregory G Warr
- School of Chemistry and Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | | | - Rob Atkin
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
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4
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Neumann J, Lee SS, Zhao EJ, Fenter P. Direct Experimental Observations of Ion Distributions during Overcharging at the Muscovite-Water Interface by Adsorption of Rb + and Halides (Cl - , Br - , I - ) at High Salinity. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300545. [PMID: 37632699 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Classical electric double layer (EDL) models have been widely used to describe ion distributions at charged solid-water interfaces in dilute electrolytes. However, the chemistry of EDLs remains poorly constrained at high ionic strength where ion-ion correlations control non-classical behavior such as overcharging, i. e., the accumulation of counter-ions in amounts exceeding the substrate's surface charge. Here, we provide direct experimental observations of correlated cation and anion distributions adsorbed at the muscovite (001)-aqueous electrolyte interface as a function of dissolved RbBr concentration ([RbBr]=0.01-5.8 M) using resonant anomalous X-ray reflectivity. Our results show alternating cation-anion layers in the EDL when [RbBr]≳100 mM, whose spatial extension (i. e., ~20 Å from the surface) far exceeds the dimension of the classical Stern layer. Comparison to RbCl and RbI electrolytes indicates that these behaviors are sensitive to the choice of co-ion. This new in-depth molecular-scale understanding of the EDL structure during transition from classical to non-classical regimes supports the development of realistic EDL models for technologies operating at high salinity such as water purification applications or modern electrochemical storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Neumann
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Eric J Zhao
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Paul Fenter
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
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5
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Höllring K, Baer A, Vučemilović-Alagić N, Smith DM, Smith AS. Anisotropic molecular diffusion in confinement I: Transport of small particles in potential and density gradients. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1930-1940. [PMID: 37517192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Diffusion in confinement is an important fundamental problem with significant implications for applications of supported liquid phases. However, resolving the spatially dependent diffusion coefficient, parallel and perpendicular to interfaces, has been a standing issue. In the vicinity of interfaces, density fluctuations as a consequence of layering locally impose statistical drift, which impedes the analysis of spatially dependent diffusion coefficients even further. We hypothesise, that we can derive a model to spatially resolve interface-perpendicular diffusion coefficients based on local lifetime statistics with an extension to explicitly account for the effect of local drift using the Smoluchowski equation, that allows us to resolve anisotropic and spatially dependent diffusivity landscapes at interfaces. METHODS AND SIMULATIONS An analytic relation between local crossing times in system slices and diffusivity as well as an explicit term for calculating drift-induced systematic errors is presented. The method is validated on Molecular Dynamics simulations of bulk water and applied to simulations of water in slit pores. FINDINGS After validation on bulk liquids, we clearly demonstrate the anisotropic nature of diffusion coefficients at interfaces. Significant spatial variations in the diffusivities correlate with interface-induced structuring but cannot be solely attributed to the drift induced by local density fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Höllring
- PULS Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Baer
- PULS Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nataša Vučemilović-Alagić
- PULS Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Group of Computational Life Sciences, Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, 10000 Croatia
| | - David M Smith
- Group of Computational Life Sciences, Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, 10000 Croatia
| | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- PULS Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Group of Computational Life Sciences, Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, 10000 Croatia.
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6
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Siretanu I, van Lin SR, Mugele F. Ion adsorption and hydration forces: a comparison of crystalline mica vs. amorphous silica surfaces. Faraday Discuss 2023; 246:274-295. [PMID: 37408390 PMCID: PMC10568262 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydration forces are ubiquitous in nature and technology. Yet, the characterization of interfacial hydration structures and their dependence on the nature of the substrate and the presence of ions have remained challenging and controversial. We present a systematic study using dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy of hydration forces on mica surfaces and amorphous silica surfaces in aqueous electrolytes containing chloride salts of various alkali and earth alkaline cations of variable concentrations at pH values between 3 and 9. Our measurements with ultra-sharp AFM tips demonstrate the presence of both oscillatory and monotonically decaying hydration forces of very similar strength on both atomically smooth mica and amorphous silica surfaces with a roughness comparable to the size of a water molecule. The characteristic range of the forces is approximately 1 nm, independent of the fluid composition. Force oscillations are consistent with the size of water molecules for all conditions investigated. Weakly hydrated Cs+ ions are the only exception: they disrupt the oscillatory hydration structure and induce attractive monotonic hydration forces. On silica, force oscillations are also smeared out if the size of the AFM tip exceeds the characteristic lateral scale of the surface roughness. The observation of attractive monotonic hydration forces for asymmetric systems suggests opportunities to probe water polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Siretanu
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Simone R van Lin
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Frieder Mugele
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
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7
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Chu B, Biriukov D, Bischoff M, Předota M, Roke S, Marchioro A. Evolution of the electrical double layer with electrolyte concentration probed by second harmonic scattering. Faraday Discuss 2023; 246:407-425. [PMID: 37455624 PMCID: PMC10568258 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00036b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the electrical double layer (EDL) structure has been a long-standing challenge and has seen the emergence of several sophisticated techniques able to probe selectively the few molecular layers of a solid/water interface. While a qualitative estimation of the thickness of the EDL can be obtained using simple theoretical models, following experimentally its evolution is not straightforward and can be even more complicated in nano- or microscale systems, particularly when changing the ionic concentration by several orders of magnitude. Here, we bring insight into the structure of the EDL of SiO2 nanoparticle suspensions and its evolution with increasing ionic concentration using angle-resolved second harmonic scattering (AR-SHS). Below millimolar salt concentrations, we can successively characterize inner-sphere adsorption, diffuse layer formation, and outer-sphere adsorption. Moreover, we show for the first time that, by appropriately selecting the nanoparticle size, it is possible to retrieve information also in the millimolar range. There, we observe a decrease in the magnitude of the surface potential corresponding to a compression in the EDL thickness, which agrees with the results of several other electroanalytical and optical techniques. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the EDL compression mainly results from the diffuse layer compression rather than outer-sphere ions (Stern plane) moving closer to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Chu
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), Institute of Materials Science (IMX), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Denys Biriukov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Bischoff
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), Institute of Materials Science (IMX), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Milan Předota
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Sylvie Roke
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), Institute of Materials Science (IMX), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Arianna Marchioro
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics (LBP), Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), Institute of Materials Science (IMX), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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8
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Casar Z, Mohamed AK, Bowen P, Scrivener K. Atomic-Level and Surface Structure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Nanofoils. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:18652-18661. [PMID: 37752905 PMCID: PMC10518866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c03350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering the calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) surface is crucial for unraveling the mechanisms of cement hydration and property development. Experimental observations of C-S-H in cement systems suggest a surface termination which is fundamentally different from the silicate-terminated surface assumed in many atomistic level studies. Here, a new multiparameter approach to describing the (001) basal C-S-H surface is developed, which considers how the surface termination affects the overall properties (Ca/Si ratio, mean chain length, relative concentration of silanol and hydroxide groups). Contrary to current beliefs, it is concluded that the (001) C-S-H surface is dominantly calcium terminated. Finally, an adsorption mechanism for calcium and hydroxide ions is proposed, which is in agreement with the surface charge densities observed in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziga Casar
- Laboratory
of Construction Materials, Institut des Matériaux, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aslam Kunhi Mohamed
- Institute
for Building Materials, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic
Engineering, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Bowen
- Laboratory
of Construction Materials, Institut des Matériaux, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karen Scrivener
- Laboratory
of Construction Materials, Institut des Matériaux, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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9
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Han T, Zhao M, Sun C, Zhao R, Xu W, Zhang S, Singh S, Luo J, Zhang C. Macroscale Superlubricity of Hydrated Anions in the Boundary Lubrication Regime. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:42094-42103. [PMID: 37625155 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Cations can achieve excellent hydration lubrication at smooth interfaces under both microscale and macroscale conditions due to the boundary layer composed of hydration shells surrounding charges, but what about anions? Commonly used friction pairs are negatively charged at the solid/solution interface. Achieving anionic adsorption through constructing positively charged surfaces is a prerequisite for studying the hydration lubrication of anions. Here we report the hydration layer composed of anions adsorbed on the positively charged polymer/sapphire interface at acidic electrolyte solutions with pH below the isoelectric point, which contributes to the hydration lubrication of anions. Strongly hydrated anions (for the case of SO42-) exhibit stable superlubricity comparable to cations, with strikingly low boundary friction coefficient of 0.003-0.007 under contact pressures above 15 MPa without a running-in period. The hydration lubrication performance of anions is determined by both the ionic hydration strength and ion adsorption density based on the surface potential and tribological experiments. The results shed light on the role of anions in superlubricity and hydration lubrication, which may be relevant for understanding the lubrication mechanism and improving lubrication performance in acidic environments, for example, in acid pumps, sealing rings of compressors for handling acidic media, and processing devices of nuclear waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingbo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wanxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Long-life Technology of Precise Rotation and Transmission Mechanisms, Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Sudesh Singh
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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10
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Bañuelos JL, Borguet E, Brown GE, Cygan RT, DeYoreo JJ, Dove PM, Gaigeot MP, Geiger FM, Gibbs JM, Grassian VH, Ilgen AG, Jun YS, Kabengi N, Katz L, Kubicki JD, Lützenkirchen J, Putnis CV, Remsing RC, Rosso KM, Rother G, Sulpizi M, Villalobos M, Zhang H. Oxide- and Silicate-Water Interfaces and Their Roles in Technology and the Environment. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6413-6544. [PMID: 37186959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial reactions drive all elemental cycling on Earth and play pivotal roles in human activities such as agriculture, water purification, energy production and storage, environmental contaminant remediation, and nuclear waste repository management. The onset of the 21st century marked the beginning of a more detailed understanding of mineral aqueous interfaces enabled by advances in techniques that use tunable high-flux focused ultrafast laser and X-ray sources to provide near-atomic measurement resolution, as well as by nanofabrication approaches that enable transmission electron microscopy in a liquid cell. This leap into atomic- and nanometer-scale measurements has uncovered scale-dependent phenomena whose reaction thermodynamics, kinetics, and pathways deviate from previous observations made on larger systems. A second key advance is new experimental evidence for what scientists hypothesized but could not test previously, namely, interfacial chemical reactions are frequently driven by "anomalies" or "non-idealities" such as defects, nanoconfinement, and other nontypical chemical structures. Third, progress in computational chemistry has yielded new insights that allow a move beyond simple schematics, leading to a molecular model of these complex interfaces. In combination with surface-sensitive measurements, we have gained knowledge of the interfacial structure and dynamics, including the underlying solid surface and the immediately adjacent water and aqueous ions, enabling a better definition of what constitutes the oxide- and silicate-water interfaces. This critical review discusses how science progresses from understanding ideal solid-water interfaces to more realistic systems, focusing on accomplishments in the last 20 years and identifying challenges and future opportunities for the community to address. We anticipate that the next 20 years will focus on understanding and predicting dynamic transient and reactive structures over greater spatial and temporal ranges as well as systems of greater structural and chemical complexity. Closer collaborations of theoretical and experimental experts across disciplines will continue to be critical to achieving this great aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Leobardo Bañuelos
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Eric Borguet
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Gordon E Brown
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, The Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Randall T Cygan
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - James J DeYoreo
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Patricia M Dove
- Department of Geosciences, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Marie-Pierre Gaigeot
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, CNRS, LAMBE UMR8587, 91025 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Franz M Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julianne M Gibbs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2Canada
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Anastasia G Ilgen
- Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Young-Shin Jun
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Nadine Kabengi
- Department of Geosciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lynn Katz
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - James D Kubicki
- Department of Earth, Environmental & Resource Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Johannes Lützenkirchen
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung─INE, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Christine V Putnis
- Institute for Mineralogy, University of Münster, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Richard C Remsing
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Gernot Rother
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Marialore Sulpizi
- Department of Physics, Ruhr Universität Bochum, NB6, 65, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mario Villalobos
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y del Suelo, LANGEM, Instituto De Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Huichun Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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11
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Garcia R. Interfacial Liquid Water on Graphite, Graphene, and 2D Materials. ACS NANO 2023; 17:51-69. [PMID: 36507725 PMCID: PMC10664075 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The optical, electronic, and mechanical properties of graphite, few-layer, and two-dimensional (2D) materials have prompted a considerable number of applications. Biosensing, energy storage, and water desalination illustrate applications that require a molecular-scale understanding of the interfacial water structure on 2D materials. This review introduces the most recent experimental and theoretical advances on the structure of interfacial liquid water on graphite-like and 2D materials surfaces. On pristine conditions, atomic-scale resolution experiments revealed the existence of 1-3 hydration layers. Those layers were separated by ∼0.3 nm. The experimental data were supported by molecular dynamics simulations. However, under standard working conditions, atomic-scale resolution experiments revealed the presence of 2-3 hydrocarbon layers. Those layers were separated by ∼0.5 nm. Linear alkanes were the dominant molecular specie within the hydrocarbon layers. Paradoxically, the interface of an aged 2D material surface immersed in water does not have water molecules on its vicinity. Free-energy considerations favored the replacement of water by alkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Garcia
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Madrid, CSIC, c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049Madrid, Spain
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12
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Leroy P, Maineult A, Li S, Vinogradov J. The zeta potential of quartz. Surface complexation modelling to elucidate high salinity measurements. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Koishi A, Lee SS, Fenter P, Fernandez-Martinez A, Bourg IC. Water Adsorption on Mica Surfaces with Hydrophilicity Tuned by Counterion Types (Na, K, and Cs) and Structural Fluorination. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:16447-16460. [PMID: 37881644 PMCID: PMC10597534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The stability of adsorbed water films on mineral surfaces has far-reaching implications in the Earth, environmental, and materials sciences. Here, we use the basal plane of phlogopite mica, an atomically smooth surface of a natural mineral, to investigate water film structure and stability as a function of two features that modulate surface hydrophilicity: the type of adsorbed counterions (Na, K, and Cs) and the substitution of structural OH groups by F atoms. We use molecular dynamics simulations combined with in situ high-resolution X-ray reflectivity to examine surface hydration over a range of water loadings, from the adsorption of isolated water molecules to the formation of clusters and films. We identify four regimes characterized by distinct adsorption energetics and different sensitivities to cation type and mineral fluorination: from 0 to 0.5 monolayer film thickness, the hydration of adsorbed ions; from 0.5 to 1 monolayer, the hydration of uncharged regions of the siloxane surface; from 1 to 1.5 monolayer, the attachment of isolated water molecules on the surface of the first monolayer; and for >1.5 monolayer, the formation of an incipient electrical double layer at the mineral-water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Koishi
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - Paul Fenter
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | | | - Ian C. Bourg
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- High
Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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14
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Caniglia G, Tezcan G, Meloni GN, Unwin PR, Kranz C. Probing and Visualizing Interfacial Charge at Surfaces in Aqueous Solution. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2022; 15:247-267. [PMID: 35259914 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-121521-122615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface charge density and distribution play an important role in almost all interfacial processes, influencing, for example, adsorption, colloidal stability, functional material activity, electrochemical processes, corrosion, nanoparticle toxicity, and cellular processes such as signaling, absorption, and adhesion. Understanding the heterogeneity in, and distribution of, surface and interfacial charge is key to elucidating the mechanisms underlying reactivity, the stability of materials, and biophysical processes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) are highly suitable for probing the material/electrolyte interface at the nanoscale through recent advances in probe design, significant instrumental (hardware and software) developments, and the evolution of multifunctional imaging protocols. Here, we assess the capability of AFM and SICM for surface charge mapping, covering the basic underpinning principles alongside experimental considerations. We illustrate and compare the use of AFM and SICM for visualizing surface and interfacial charge with examples from materials science, geochemistry, and the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Caniglia
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;
| | - Gözde Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;
| | - Gabriel N Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;
| | - Christine Kranz
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;
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15
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Feng B, Li Y, Li R, Li H. Error analysis in calculation and interpretation of AFM tip-surface interaction forces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 306:102710. [PMID: 35691096 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses some possible errors in calculation and interpretation of AFM tip-surface interaction forces. These usually ignored errors can affect the accuracy and correctness of the interpretation results obtained from measured interaction forces, thus hindering the application of AFM technology in related fields of colloid and interface science. Based on comprehensive analysis and assessment, three important aspects in the existing literature that may introduce significant errors in calculation and interpretation of AFM tip-surface interaction forces have been identified, and corresponding reasonable suggestions have been proposed. (1) The frequently used over-approximated electrostatic force formulas can cause great errors in the electrostatic force and the fitting of surface potential and surface charge density. Therefore, adequate electrostatic force calculation methods, like linear superposition approximation (LSA) or exact numerical solutions, should be used. (2) The over-approximated AFM tip-surface interaction models (spherical tip and flat tip-flat surface interaction models (s-f and f-f)) will lead to large errors in the electrostatic force and van der Waals force, and the subsequently fitted surface potential, surface charge density, and Hamaker constant. Therefore, the conical tip with spherical end and the conical tip with flat circular end-flat surface interaction models (cs-f and cf-f) rather than the over-approximated models (s-f and f-f) should be applied. Besides, it is recommended to use cf-f instead of cs-f to measure the interaction forces for more accuracy. (3) The inaccurately obtained (usually by SEM image) AFM tip geometry parameters (radius and half angle) have significant impacts on the fitting results of surface potential, surface charge density, and Hamaker constant. More accurate AFM tip geometry parameters and reasonable assessment of errors in calculation and interpretation are necessary.
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16
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Zen A, Bui T, Bao Le TT, Tay WJ, Chellappah K, Collins IR, Rickman RD, Striolo A, Michaelides A. Long-Range Ionic and Short-Range Hydration Effects Govern Strongly Anisotropic Clay Nanoparticle Interactions. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:8143-8151. [PMID: 35592734 PMCID: PMC9109138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of clay particles in aqueous solution is a ubiquitous everyday process of broad environmental and technological importance. However, it is poorly understood at the all-important atomistic level since it depends on a complex and dynamic interplay of solvent-mediated electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, and dispersion interactions. With this in mind, we have performed an extensive set of classical molecular dynamics simulations (included enhanced sampling simulations) on the interactions between model kaolinite nanoparticles in pure and salty water. Our simulations reveal highly anisotropic behavior, in which the interaction between the nanoparticles varies from attractive to repulsive depending on the relative orientation of the nanoparticles. Detailed analysis reveals that at large separation (>1.5 nm), this interaction is dominated by electrostatic effects, whereas at smaller separations, the nature of the water hydration structure becomes critical. This study highlights an incredible richness in how clay nanoparticles interact, which should be accounted for in, for example, coarse-grained models of clay nanoparticle aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zen
- Dipartimento
di Fisica Ettore Pancini, Università
di Napoli Federico II, Monte S. Angelo, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- Thomas
Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17−19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, U.K.
| | - Tai Bui
- Thomas
Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17−19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, U.K.
- BP
Exploration Operating Co. Ltd, Chertsey Road, Thames TW16 7LN, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, U.K.
| | - Tran Thi Bao Le
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, WC1E 7JE London, U.K.
| | - Weparn J. Tay
- BP
Exploration Operating Co. Ltd, Chertsey Road, Thames TW16 7LN, U.K.
| | - Kuhan Chellappah
- BP
Exploration Operating Co. Ltd, Chertsey Road, Thames TW16 7LN, U.K.
| | - Ian R. Collins
- BP
Exploration Operating Co. Ltd, Chertsey Road, Thames TW16 7LN, U.K.
| | | | - Alberto Striolo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, WC1E 7JE London, U.K.
- School
of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Thomas
Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17−19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, U.K.
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University College
London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, U.K.
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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17
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Seebeck J, Merlet C, Meißner RH. Elucidating Curvature-Capacitance Relationships in Carbon-Based Supercapacitors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:086001. [PMID: 35275675 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.086001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale surface curvatures, either convex or concave, strongly influence the charging behavior of supercapacitors. Rationalizing individual influences of electrode atoms to the capacitance is possible by interpreting distinct elements of the charge-charge covariance matrix derived from individual charge variations of the electrode atoms. An ionic liquid solvated in acetonitrile and confined between two electrodes, each consisting of three undulated graphene layers, serves as a demonstrator to illustrate pronounced and nontrivial features of the capacitance with respect to the electrode curvature. In addition, the applied voltage determines whether a convex or concave surface contributes to increased capacitance. While at lower voltages capacitance variations are in general correlated with ion number density variations in the double layer formed in the concave region of the electrode, for certain electrode designs a surprisingly strong contribution of the convex part to the differential capacitance is found both at higher and lower voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannes Seebeck
- Institute of Polymers and Composites, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Céline Merlet
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9 - France and Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), Fédération de Recherche CNRS 3459, HUB de l'Energie, Rue Baudelocque, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Robert H Meißner
- Institute of Polymers and Composites, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany and Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Surface Science, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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18
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Relationship Between Zeta Potential and Wettability in Porous Media: Insights From a Simple Bundle of Capillary Tubes Model. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:605-621. [PMID: 34628321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS & MOTIVATION Experimental data suggest a relationship between the macroscopic zeta potential measured on intact rock samples and the sample wettability. However, there is no pore-scale model to quantify this relationship. METHODS We consider the simplest representation of a rock pore space: a bundle of capillary tubes of varying size. Equations describing mass and charge transfer through a single capillary are derived and the macroscopic zeta potential and wettability determined by integrating over capillaries. Model predictions are tested against measured data yielding a good match. FINDINGS Mixed- and oil-wet models return a macro-scale zeta potential that is a combination of the micro-scale zeta potential of mineral-brine and oil-brine interfaces and the relationship between macro-scale zeta potential and water saturation exhibits hysteresis. The model predicts a similar relationship between zeta potential and wettability to that observed in experimental data but does not provide a perfect match. Fitting the model to experimental data allows the oil-brine zeta potential to be estimated at conditions where it cannot be measured directly. Results suggest that positive values of the oil-brine zeta potential may be more common than previously thought with implications for surface complexation models and the design of controlled salinity waterflooding of oil reservoirs.
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19
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Klaassen A, Liu F, Mugele F, Siretanu I. Correlation between Electrostatic and Hydration Forces on Silica and Gibbsite Surfaces: An Atomic Force Microscopy Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:914-926. [PMID: 35025512 PMCID: PMC8793142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The balance between hydration and Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) forces at solid-liquid interfaces controls many processes, such as colloidal stability, wetting, electrochemistry, biomolecular self-assembly, and ion adsorption. Yet, the origin of molecular scale hydration forces and their relation to the surface charge density that controls the continuum scale electrostatic forces is poorly understood. We argue that these two types of forces are largely independent of each other. To support this hypothesis, we performed atomic force microscopy experiments using intermediate-sized tips that enable the simultaneous detection of DLVO and molecular scale oscillatory hydration forces at the interface between composite gibbsite:silica-aqueous electrolyte interfaces. We extract surface charge densities from forces measured at tip-sample separations of 1.5 nm and beyond using DLVO theory in combination with charge regulation boundary conditions for various pH values and salt concentrations. We simultaneously observe both colloidal scale DLVO forces and oscillatory hydration forces for an individual crystalline gibbsite particle and the underlying amorphous silica substrate for all fluid compositions investigated. While the diffuse layer charge varies with pH as expected, the oscillatory hydration forces are found to be largely independent of pH and salt concentration, supporting our hypothesis that both forces indeed have a very different origin. Oscillatory hydration forces are found to be distinctly more pronounced on gibbsite than on silica. We rationalize this observation based on the distribution of hydroxyl groups available for H bonding on the two distinct surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Klaassen
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and
MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Fei Liu
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and
MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Frieder Mugele
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and
MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Siretanu
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and
MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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20
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Su S, Siretanu I, van den Ende D, Mei B, Mul G, Mugele F. Facet-Dependent Surface Charge and Hydration of Semiconducting Nanoparticles at Variable pH. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2106229. [PMID: 34609757 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding structure and function of solid-liquid interfaces is essential for the development of nanomaterials for various applications including heterogeneous catalysis in liquid phase processes and water splitting for storage of renewable electricity. The characteristic anisotropy of crystalline nanoparticles is believed to be essential for their performance but remains poorly understood and difficult to characterize. Dual scale atomic force microscopy is used to measure electrostatic and hydration forces of faceted semiconducting SrTiO3 nanoparticles in aqueous electrolyte at variable pH. The following are demonstrated: the ability to quantify strongly facet-dependent surface charges yielding isoelectric points of the dominant {100} and {110} facets that differ by as much as 2 pH units; facet-dependent accumulation of oppositely charged (SiO2 ) particles; and that atomic scale defects can be resolved but are in fact rare for the samples investigated. Atomically resolved images and facet-dependent oscillatory hydration forces suggest a microscopic charge generation mechanism that explains colloidal scale electrostatic forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqiang Su
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Siretanu
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk van den Ende
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Bastian Mei
- Photocatalytic Synthesis Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- Photocatalytic Synthesis Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Frieder Mugele
- Physics of Complex Fluids Group and MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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21
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Baboo JP, Babar S, Kale D, Lekakou C, Laudone GM. Designing a Graphene Coating-Based Supercapacitor with Lithium Ion Electrolyte: An Experimental and Computational Study via Multiscale Modeling. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2899. [PMID: 34835663 PMCID: PMC8623662 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Graphene electrodes are investigated for electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) with lithium ion electrolyte, the focus being the effect of the pore size distribution (PSD) of electrode with respect to the solvated and desolvated electrolyte ions. Two graphene electrode coatings are examined: a low specific surface area (SSA) xGNP-750 coating and a high SSA coating based on a-MWGO (activated microwave expanded graphene oxide). The study comprises an experimental and a computer modeling part. The experimental part includes fabrication, material characterization and electrochemical testing of an EDLC with xGNP-750 coating electrodes and electrolyte 1M LiPF6 in EC:DMC. The computational part includes simulations of the galvanostatic charge-discharge of each EDLC type, based on a continuum ion transport model taking into account the PSD of electrodes, as well as molecular modeling to determine the parameters of the solvated and desolvated electrolyte ions and their adsorption energies with each type of electrode pore surface material. Predictions, in agreement with the experimental data, yield a specific electrode capacitance of 110 F g-1 for xGNP-750 coating electrodes in electrolyte 1M LiPF6 in EC:DMC, which is three times higher than that of the high SSA a-MWGO coating electrodes in the same lithium ion electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Paul Baboo
- Centre for Engineering Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (J.P.B.); (S.B.); (D.K.)
| | - Shumaila Babar
- Centre for Engineering Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (J.P.B.); (S.B.); (D.K.)
| | - Dhaval Kale
- Centre for Engineering Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (J.P.B.); (S.B.); (D.K.)
| | - Constantina Lekakou
- Centre for Engineering Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (J.P.B.); (S.B.); (D.K.)
| | - Giuliano M. Laudone
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;
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22
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Comtet J, Rayabharam A, Glushkov E, Zhang M, Avsar A, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Aluru NR, Radenovic A. Anomalous interfacial dynamics of single proton charges in binary aqueous solutions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg8568. [PMID: 34586851 PMCID: PMC8480921 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg8568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the dynamics of charge transfer between solid surfaces and liquid electrolytes has been hampered by the difficulties in obtaining interface, charge, and solvent-specific information at both high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we measure at the single charge scale the dynamics of protons at the interface between an hBN crystal and binary mixtures of water and organic amphiphilic solvents (alcohols and acetone), evidencing a marked influence of solvation on interfacial dynamics. Applying single-molecule localization microscopy to emissive crystal defects, we observe correlated activation between adjacent ionizable surface defects, mediated by the transport of single excess protons along the solid/liquid interface. Solvent content has a nontrivial effect on interfacial dynamics, leading at intermediate water fraction to an increased surface diffusivity, as well as an increased affinity of the proton charges to the solid surface. Our measurements evidence the notable role of solvation on interfacial proton charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Comtet
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Archith Rayabharam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Evgenii Glushkov
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miao Zhang
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmet Avsar
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Narayana R. Aluru
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Aleksandra Radenovic
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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23
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Cafolla C, Voïtchovsky K. Real-time tracking of ionic nano-domains under shear flow. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19540. [PMID: 34599212 PMCID: PMC8486851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The behaviour of ions at solid-liquid interfaces underpins countless phenomena, from the conduction of nervous impulses to charge transfer in solar cells. In most cases, ions do not operate as isolated entities, but in conjunction with neighbouring ions and the surrounding solution. In aqueous solutions, recent studies suggest the existence of group dynamics through water-mediated clusters but results allowing direct tracking of ionic domains with atomic precision are scarce. Here, we use high-speed atomic force microscopy to track the evolution of Rb+, K+, Na+ and Ca2+ nano-domains containing 20 to 120 ions adsorbed at the surface of mica in aqueous solution. The interface is exposed to a shear flow able to influence the lateral motion of single ions and clusters. The results show that, when in groups, metal ions tend to move with a relatively slow dynamics, as can be expected from a correlated group motion, with an average residence timescale of ~ 1-2 s for individual ions at a given atomic site. The average group velocity of the clusters depends on the ions' charge density and can be explained by the ion's hydration state. The lateral shear flow of the fluid is insufficient to desorb ions, but indirectly influences the diffusion dynamics by acting on ions in close vicinity to the surface. The results provide insights into the dynamics of ion clusters when adsorbed onto an immersed solid under shear flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clodomiro Cafolla
- grid.8250.f0000 0000 8700 0572Physics Department, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
| | - Kislon Voïtchovsky
- grid.8250.f0000 0000 8700 0572Physics Department, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
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24
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Koleini MM, Badizad MH, Mahani H, Dastjerdi AM, Ayatollahi S, Ghazanfari MH. Atomistic insight into salinity dependent preferential binding of polar aromatics to calcite/brine interface: implications to low salinity waterflooding. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11967. [PMID: 34099800 PMCID: PMC8184864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper resolve the salinity-dependent interactions of polar components of crude oil at calcite-brine interface in atomic resolution. Molecular dynamics simulations carried out on the present study showed that ordered water monolayers develop immediate to a calcite substrate in contact with a saline solution. Carboxylic compounds, herein represented by benzoic acid (BA), penetrate into those hydration layers and directly linking to the calcite surface. Through a mechanism termed screening effect, development of hydrogen bonding between –COOH functional groups of BA and carbonate groups is inhibited by formation of a positively-charged Na+ layer over CaCO3 surface. Contrary to the common perception, a sodium-depleted solution potentially intensifies surface adsorption of polar hydrocarbons onto carbonate substrates; thus, shifting wetting characteristic to hydrophobic condition. In the context of enhanced oil recovery, an ion-engineered waterflooding would be more effective than injecting a solely diluted saltwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Koleini
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hasan Badizad
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Mahani
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahab Ayatollahi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Döpke MF, Hartkamp R. The importance of specifically adsorbed ions for electrokinetic phenomena: Bridging the gap between experiments and MD simulations. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:094701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0038161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Max F. Döpke
- Process & Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Hartkamp
- Process & Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands
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26
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Abstract
Sorption of chemicals onto soil particle surfaces is an important process controlling their availability for uptake by organisms and loss from soils to ground and surface waters. The mechanisms of chemical sorption are inner- and outer-sphere adsorption and precipitation onto mineral surfaces. Factors that determine the sorption behavior are properties of soil mineral and organic matter surfaces and properties of the sorbing chemicals (including valence, electron configuration, and hydrophobicity). Because soils are complex heterogeneous mixtures, measuring sorption mechanisms is challenging; however, advancements analytical methods have made direct determination of sorption mechanisms possible. In this review, historical and modern research that supports the mechanistic understanding of sorption mechanisms in soils is discussed. Sorption mechanisms covered include cation exchange, outer-sphere adsorption, inner-sphere adsorption, surface precipitation, and ternary adsorption complexes.
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27
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Møller Sønderskov S, Hyldgaard Klausen L, Amland Skaanvik S, Han X, Dong M. In situ Surface Charge Density Visualization of Self-assembled DNA Nanostructures after Ion Exchange. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1474-1482. [PMID: 32330354 PMCID: PMC7891384 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201901168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The charge density of DNA is a key parameter in strand hybridization and for the interactions occurring between DNA and molecules in biological systems. Due to the intricate structure of DNA, visualization of the surface charge density of DNA nanostructures under physiological conditions was not previously possible. Here, we perform a simultaneous analysis of the topography and surface charge density of DNA nanostructures using atomic force microscopy and scanning ion conductance microscopy. The effect of in situ ion exchange using various alkali metal ions is tested with respect to the adsorption of DNA origami onto mica, and a quantitative study of surface charge density reveals ion exchange phenomena in mica as a key parameter in DNA adsorption. This is important for structure-function studies of DNA nanostructures. The research provides an efficient approach to study surface charge density of DNA origami nanostructures and other biological molecules at a single molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lasse Hyldgaard Klausen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of ChemistryStanford University333 Campus DriveStanfordCA 94305USA
| | | | - Xiaojun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus University, Denmark
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28
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Wang ZY, Yang T, Wang X. Structural analysis of confined monovalent salts: Combined effects of steric hindrance, surface charge representation, and dielectric response. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Strelcov E, Arble C, Guo H, Hoskins BD, Yulaev A, Vlassiouk IV, Zhitenev NB, Tselev A, Kolmakov A. Nanoscale Mapping of the Double Layer Potential at the Graphene-Electrolyte Interface. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1336-1344. [PMID: 31990570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrical double layer (EDL) governs the operation of multiple electrochemical devices, determines reaction potentials, and conditions ion transport through cellular membranes in living organisms. The few existing methods of EDL probing have low spatial resolution, usually only providing spatially averaged information. On the other hand, traditional Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is capable of mapping potential with nanoscale lateral resolution but cannot be used in electrolytes with concentrations higher than several mmol/L. Here, we resolve this experimental impediment by combining KPFM with graphene-capped electrolytic cells to quantitatively measure the potential drop across the EDL in aqueous electrolytes of decimolar and molar concentrations with a high lateral resolution. The surface potential of graphene in contact with deionized water and 0.1 mol/L solutions of CuSO4 and MgSO4 as a function of counter electrode voltage is reported. The measurements are supported by numerical modeling to reveal the role of the graphene membrane in potential screening and to determine the EDL potential drop. The proposed approach proves to be especially useful for imaging spatially inhomogeneous systems, such as nanoparticles submerged in an electrolyte solution. It could be suitable for in operando and in vivo measurements of the potential drop in the EDL on the surfaces of nanocatalysts and biological cells in equilibrium with liquid solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgheni Strelcov
- Physical Measurement Laboratory , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
- Maryland NanoCenter , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Christopher Arble
- Physical Measurement Laboratory , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Hongxuan Guo
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Brian D Hoskins
- Physical Measurement Laboratory , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Alexander Yulaev
- Physical Measurement Laboratory , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Ivan V Vlassiouk
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37830 , United States
| | - Nikolai B Zhitenev
- Physical Measurement Laboratory , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Alexander Tselev
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Andrei Kolmakov
- Physical Measurement Laboratory , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
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30
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Brugman SJT, Werkhoven BL, Townsend ER, Accordini P, van Roij R, Vlieg E. Monovalent - divalent cation competition at the muscovite mica surface: Experiment and theory. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 559:291-303. [PMID: 31634673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Ion adsorption on mineral surfaces depends on several factors, such as the mineral surface structure and the valency, size and hydration of the ion. In order to understand competitive adsorption at mineral surfaces, experimental techniques are required that can probe multiple ionic species at the same time. By comparing adsorption of two different cations, it should be possible to derive the factors governing ion adsorption. Divalent cations are expected to bind stronger to the negatively-charged muscovite surface than monovalent cations. EXPERIMENTS Here, the competition between the monovalent Cs+ and the divalent Ca2+ cation for adsorption at the muscovite mica basal plane was investigated using surface X-ray diffraction. Using an extended surface complexation model, we simultaneously fit the measured cation coverages and net surface charges reported in literature. FINDINGS In order to reproduce those complementary data sets, both cation adsorption and anion coadsorption were included in the surface complexation model. Moreover, the intrinsic muscovite surface charge and the maximum of available adsorption sites had to be reduced compared to existing literature values. Competition experiments revealed that the affinity of Cs+ for the muscovite surface is larger than the affinity of Ca2+, showing that hydration forces are more important than electrostatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander J T Brugman
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben L Werkhoven
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eleanor R Townsend
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Paolo Accordini
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - René van Roij
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elias Vlieg
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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31
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Waegele MM, Gunathunge CM, Li J, Li X. How cations affect the electric double layer and the rates and selectivity of electrocatalytic processes. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:160902. [PMID: 31675864 DOI: 10.1063/1.5124878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalysis is central to the production of renewable fuels and high-value commodity chemicals. The electrolyte and the electrode together determine the catalytic properties of the liquid/solid interface. In particular, the cations of the electrolyte can greatly change the rates and reaction selectivity of many electrocatalytic processes. For this reason, the careful choice of the cation is an essential step in the design of catalytic interfaces with high selectivity for desired high-value products. To make such a judicious choice, it is critical to understand where in the electric double layer the cations reside and the various distinct mechanistic impacts they can have on the electrocatalytic process of interest. In this perspective, we review recent advances in the understanding of the electric double layer with a particular focus on the interfacial distribution of cations and the cations' hydration states in the vicinity of the electrode under various experimental conditions. Furthermore, we summarize the different ways in which cations can alter the rates and selectivity of chemical processes at electrified interfaces and identify possible future areas of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias M Waegele
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Charuni M Gunathunge
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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32
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Aarts M, Alarcon-Llado E. Directed nanoscale metal deposition by the local perturbation of charge screening at the solid-liquid interface. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:18619-18627. [PMID: 31584050 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05574f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and directing electrochemical reactions below the micrometer scale is a long-standing challenge in electrochemistry. Confining reactions to nanoscale areas paradoxically requires both isolation from and communication with the bulk electrolyte in terms of electrochemical potential and access of ions, respectively. Here, we demonstrate the directed electrochemical deposition of copper nanostructures by using an oscillating nanoelectrode operated with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Strikingly, the writing is only possible in highly dilute electrolytes and for a particular combination of AFM and electrochemical parameters. We propose a mechanism based on cyclic charging and discharging of the electrical double layer (EDL). The extended screening length and slower charge dynamics in dilute electrolytes allow the nanoelectrode to operate inside, and disturb, the EDL even for large oscillation amplitudes (∼100 nm). Our unique approach can not only be used for controlled additive nano-fabrication but also provides insights into ion behavior and EDL dynamics at the solid-liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Aarts
- Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Esther Alarcon-Llado
- Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Amolf, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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33
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Bossa GV, Caetano DL, de Carvalho SJ, May S. Differential capacitance of an electrical double layer with asymmetric ion sizes in the presence of hydration interactions. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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34
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Khojasteh NB, Apelt S, Bergmann U, Facsko S, Heller R. Revealing the formation dynamics of the electric double layer by means of in-situ Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:085107. [PMID: 31472621 DOI: 10.1063/1.5100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on a new versatile experimental setup for in situ Rutherford backscattering spectrometry at solid-liquid interfaces which enables investigations of electric double layers directly and in a quantitative manner. A liquid cell with a three-electrode arrangement is mounted in front of the beam line, and a thin Si3N4 window (thickness down to 150 nm) separates the vacuum of the detector chamber from the electrolyte in the cell. By minimizing the contribution of the window to the measurement, a large variety of elements at the solid-liquid interface with sensitivities far below one monolayer can be monitored. The attachment of Ba onto the Si3N4 surface as a function of contact time and pH value of the electrolyte solution was chosen as an example system. From our measurement, we can not only follow the evolution of the double layer but also derive limits for the point of zero charge for the Si3N4 surface. Our findings of 5.7≤pHPZC≤6.2 are in good agreement with values found in the literature obtained by other techniques. Despite focusing on a specific system in this work, the presented setup allows for a large variety of in situ investigations at solid-liquid interfaces such as, but not limited to, tracing electrochemical reactions and monitoring segregation, adsorption, and dissolution and corrosion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin B Khojasteh
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Apelt
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Material Science, Helmholtzstr. 7, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ute Bergmann
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Material Science, Helmholtzstr. 7, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Facsko
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Heller
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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35
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Hufschmid R, Teeman E, Mehdi BL, Krishnan KM, Browning ND. Observing the colloidal stability of iron oxide nanoparticles in situ. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13098-13107. [PMID: 31268080 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03709h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal processes such as nucleation, growth, ripening, and dissolution are fundamental to the synthesis and application of engineered nanoparticles, as well as numerous natural systems. In nanocolloids consisting of a dispersion of nanoparticles in solution, colloidal stability is influenced by factors including the particle surface facet and capping layer, and local temperature, chemistry, and acidity. In this paper, we investigate colloidal stability through the real-time manipulation of nanoparticles using in situ liquid cell Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM). In a distribution of uniform iron oxide nanoparticles, we use the electron beam to precisely control the local chemistry of the solution and observe the critical role that surface chemistry plays in nanoparticle stability. By functionalizing the nanoparticle surfaces with charged amino acids and peptides, stability can be tuned to promote dissolution, growth, or agglomeration, either permanently or reversibly. STEM imaging is used to quantify kinetics of individual nanoparticles subject to local variations in chemistry. These measurements of dissolution and growth rates of iron oxide nanoparticles provide insights into nanoparticle stability relevant to synthesis and functionalization for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hufschmid
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2129, USA.
| | - Eric Teeman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2129, USA.
| | - B Layla Mehdi
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK. and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
| | - Kannan M Krishnan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2129, USA.
| | - Nigel D Browning
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK. and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK and Physical and Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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36
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Abstract
Ionic liquids have become of significant relevance in chemistry, as they can serve as environmentally-friendly solvents, electrolytes, and lubricants with bespoke properties. In particular for electrochemical applications, an understanding of the interface structure between the ionic liquid and an electrified interface is needed to model and optimize the reactions taking place on the solid surface. As with ionic liquids, the interplay between electrostatic forces and steric effects leads to an intrinsic heterogeneity, as the structure of the ionic liquid above an electrified interface cannot be described by the classical electrical double layer model. Instead, a layered solvation layer is present with a structure that depends on the material combination of the ionic liquid and substrate. In order to experimentally monitor this structure, atomic force spectroscopy (AFS) has become the method of choice. By measuring the force acting on a sharp microfabricated tip while approaching the surface in an ionic liquid, it has become possible to map the solvation layers with sub-nanometer resolution. In this review, we provide an overview of the AFS studies on ionic liquids published in recent years that illustrate how the interface is formed and how it can be modified by applying electrical potential or by adding impurities and solvents.
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37
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Fukuma T, Garcia R. Atomic- and Molecular-Resolution Mapping of Solid-Liquid Interfaces by 3D Atomic Force Microscopy. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11785-11797. [PMID: 30422619 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hydration layers are ubiquitous in life and technology. Hence, interfacial aqueous layers have a central role in a wide range of phenomena from materials science to molecular and cell biology. A complete understanding of those processes requires, among other things, the development of very-sensitive and high-resolution instruments. Three-dimensional atomic force microscopy (3D-AFM) represents the latest and most successful attempt to generate atomically resolved three-dimensional images of solid-liquid interfaces. This review provides an overview of the 3D-AFM operating principles and its underlying physics. We illustrate and explain the capability of the instrument to resolve atomic defects on crystalline surfaces immersed in liquid. We also illustrate some of its applications to imaging the hydration structures on DNA or proteins. In the last section, we discuss some perspectives on emerging applications in materials science and molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fukuma
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) , Kanazawa University , Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan
| | - Ricardo Garcia
- Materials Science Factory , Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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38
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Bera B, Kumar N, Duits MHG, Cohen Stuart MA, Mugele F. Cationic Hofmeister Series of Wettability Alteration in Mica-Water-Alkane Systems. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13574-13583. [PMID: 30354154 PMCID: PMC6328296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The specific interaction of ions with macromolecules and solid-liquid interfaces is of crucial importance to many processes in biochemistry, colloid science, and engineering, as first pointed out by Hofmeister in the context of (de)stabilization of protein solutions. Here, we use contact angle goniometry to demonstrate that the macroscopic contact angle of aqueous chloride salt solutions on mica immersed in ambient alkane increases from near-zero to values exceeding 10°, depending on the type and concentration of cations and pH. Our observations result in a series of increasing ability of cations to induce partial wetting in the order Na+, K+ < Li+ < Rb+ < Cs+ < Ca2+ < Mg2+ < Ba2+. Complementary atomic force microscopy measurements show that the transition to partial wetting is accompanied by cation adsorption to the mica-electrolyte interface, which leads to charge reversal in the case of divalent cations. In addition to electrostatics, hydration forces seem to play an important role, in particular for the monovalent cations.
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39
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Picot P, Liao Y, Barruet E, Gobeaux F, Coradin T, Thill A. Exploring Hybrid Imogolite Nanotube Formation via Si/Al Stoichiometry Control. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13225-13234. [PMID: 30296100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid imogolite aluminosilicate nanotubes with methylated internal surface can be obtained by introduction of the corresponding organosilane during their synthesis. However, similarly to pristine imogolite, a number of side products, including proto-imogolite (open-imoLS), allophanes, and aluminum hydroxides, are formed, which ultimately impact on the properties of the dispersions. In order to minimize the proportion of these side products, we have here systematically explored the impact of the initial Si/Al ratio on the content of hybrid imogolite dispersions before and after dialysis. By combining cryo-transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering, we evidenced that the Si/Al ratio has a large impact on the formation of aluminum hydroxides that can be minimized with a slight excess of Si precursor. However, a large excess of Si is detrimental to the reaction yield leading to an important proportion of proto-imogolite. We propose that the optimal Si/Al ratio of ca. 0.6 can both minimize the proportion of aluminum hydroxides and proto-imogolite. These results suggest that the dynamic and therefore reactive character of imogolite dispersions may have been so far underlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Picot
- LIONS, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - Yuanyuan Liao
- LIONS, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - Elodie Barruet
- LIONS, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - Frédéric Gobeaux
- LIONS, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP) , 4 place Jussieu , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Antoine Thill
- LIONS, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France
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40
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Govrin R, Tcherner S, Obstbaum T, Sivan U. Zwitterionic Osmolytes Resurrect Electrostatic Interactions Screened by Salt. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14206-14210. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Govrin
- Department of Physics and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shani Tcherner
- Department of Physics and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Tal Obstbaum
- Department of Physics and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Uri Sivan
- Department of Physics and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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41
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Hartkamp R, Biance AL, Fu L, Dufrêche JF, Bonhomme O, Joly L. Measuring surface charge: Why experimental characterization and molecular modeling should be coupled. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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42
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Collins L, Kilpatrick JI, Kalinin SV, Rodriguez BJ. Towards nanoscale electrical measurements in liquid by advanced KPFM techniques: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2018; 81:086101. [PMID: 29990308 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aab560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental mechanisms of energy storage, corrosion, sensing, and multiple biological functionalities are directly coupled to electrical processes and ionic dynamics at solid-liquid interfaces. In many cases, these processes are spatially inhomogeneous taking place at grain boundaries, step edges, point defects, ion channels, etc and possess complex time and voltage dependent dynamics. This necessitates time-resolved and real-space probing of these phenomena. In this review, we discuss the applications of force-sensitive voltage modulated scanning probe microscopy (SPM) for probing electrical phenomena at solid-liquid interfaces. We first describe the working principles behind electrostatic and Kelvin probe force microscopies (EFM & KPFM) at the gas-solid interface, review the state of the art in advanced KPFM methods and developments to (i) overcome limitations of classical KPFM, (ii) expand the information accessible from KPFM, and (iii) extend KPFM operation to liquid environments. We briefly discuss the theoretical framework of electrical double layer (EDL) forces and dynamics, the implications and breakdown of classical EDL models for highly charged interfaces or under high ion concentrations, and describe recent modifications of the classical EDL theory relevant for understanding nanoscale electrical measurements at the solid-liquid interface. We further review the latest achievements in mapping surface charge, dielectric constants, and electrodynamic and electrochemical processes in liquids. Finally, we outline the key challenges and opportunities that exist in the field of nanoscale electrical measurements in liquid as well as providing a roadmap for the future development of liquid KPFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Collins
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America. Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
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Li X, Zhu C, Jia Z, Yang G. Confinement effects and mechanistic aspects for montmorillonite nanopores. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 523:18-26. [PMID: 29604556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the ubiquity, critical importance and special properties, confined microenvironments have recently triggered overwhelming interest. In this work, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations have been conducted to address the confinement effects and ion-specific effects for electrolyte solutions within montmorillonite nanopores, where the pore widths vary with a wide range. The adsorption number, structure, dynamics and stability of inner- and outer-sphere metal ions are affected by the change of pore widths (confinement effects), while the extents are significantly dependent on the type of adsorbed species. The type of adsorbed species is, however, not altered by the magnitude of confinement effects, and confinement effects are similar for different electrolyte concentrations. Ion-specific effects are pronounced for all magnitudes of confinement effects (from non- to strong confined conditions), and Hofmeister sequences of outer-sphere species are closely associated with the magnitude of confinement effects while those of inner-sphere species remain consistent. In addition, mechanistic aspects of confinement have been posed using the electrical double layer theories, and the results can be generalized to other confined systems that are ubiquitous in biology, chemistry, geology and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Li
- College of Resources and Environment & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multi-scale Interfacial Process, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chang Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multi-scale Interfacial Process, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zengqiang Jia
- College of Resources and Environment & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multi-scale Interfacial Process, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Resources and Environment & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multi-scale Interfacial Process, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Cafolla C, Voïtchovsky K. Lubricating properties of single metal ions at interfaces. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11831-11840. [PMID: 29920572 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02859a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The behaviour of ionic solutions confined in nanoscale gaps is central to countless processes, from biomolecular function to electrochemistry, energy storage and lubrication. However, no clear link exists between the molecular-level behaviour of the liquid and macroscopic observations. The problem mainly comes from the difficulty to interrogate a small number of liquid molecules. Here, we use atomic force microscopy to investigate the viscoelastic behaviour of pure water and ionic solutions down to the single ion level. The results show a glassy-like behaviour for pure water, with single metal ions acting as lubricants by reducing the elasticity of the nano-confined solution and the magnitude of the hydrodynamic friction. At small ionic concentration (<20 mM) the results can be quantitatively explained by the ions moving via a thermally-activated process resisted by the ion's hydration water (Prandtl-Tomlinson model). The model breaks down at higher salt concentrations due to ion-ion interaction effects that can no longer be neglected. The correlations are confirmed by direct sub-nanometre imaging of the interface at equilibrium. The results provide a molecular-level basis for explaining the tribological properties of aqueous solutions and suggest that ion-ion interactions create mesoscale effects that prevent a direct link between nanoscale and macroscopic measurements.
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Ho TA, Greathouse JA, Lee AS, Criscenti LJ. Enhanced Ion Adsorption on Mineral Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:5926-5934. [PMID: 29746135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Classical molecular dynamics simulation was used to study the adsorption of Na+, Ca2+, Ba2+, and Cl- ions on gibbsite edge (1 0 0), basal (0 0 1), and nanoparticle (NP) surfaces. The gibbsite NP consists of both basal and edge surfaces. Simulation results indicate that Na+ and Cl- ions adsorb on both (1 0 0) and (0 0 1) surfaces as inner-sphere species (i.e., no water molecules between an ion and the surface). Outer-sphere Cl- ions (i.e., one water molecule between an ion and the surface) were also found on these surfaces. On the (1 0 0) edge, Ca2+ ions adsorb as inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes, whereas on the (0 0 1) surface, outer-sphere Ca2+ ions are the dominant species. Ba2+ ions were found as inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes on both surfaces. Calculated ion surface coverages indicate that, for all ions, surface coverages are always higher on the basal surface compared to those on the edge surface. More importantly, surface coverages for cations on the gibbsite NP are always higher than those calculated for the (1 0 0) and (0 0 1) surfaces. This enhanced ion adsorption behavior for the NP is due to the significant number of inner-sphere cations found at NP corners. Outer-sphere cations do not contribute to the enhanced surface coverage. In addition, there is no ion adsorption enhancement observed for the Cl- ion. Our work provides a molecular-scale understanding of the relative significance of ion adsorption onto gibbsite basal versus edge surfaces and demonstrates the corner effect on ion adsorption on NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan A Ho
- Geochemistry Department , Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87185 , United States
| | - Jeffery A Greathouse
- Geochemistry Department , Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87185 , United States
| | - Andrew S Lee
- Geochemistry Department , Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87185 , United States
| | - Louise J Criscenti
- Geochemistry Department , Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87185 , United States
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Rivas N, Frijters S, Pagonabarraga I, Harting J. Mesoscopic electrohydrodynamic simulations of binary colloidal suspensions. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:144101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5020377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rivas
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frijters
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Pagonabarraga
- Departament de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; and CECAM Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Jens Harting
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Liu F, Klaassen A, Zhao C, Mugele F, van den Ende D. Electroviscous Dissipation in Aqueous Electrolyte Films with Overlapping Electric Double Layers. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:933-946. [PMID: 28976197 PMCID: PMC5776519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b07019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We use dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the forces involved in squeezing out thin films of aqueous electrolyte between an AFM tip and silica substrates at variable pH and salt concentration. From amplitude and phase of the AFM signal we determine both conservative and dissipative components of the tip sample interaction forces. The measured dissipation is enhanced by up to a factor of 5 at tip-sample separations of ≈ one Debye length compared to the expectations based on classical hydrodynamic Reynolds damping with bulk viscosity. Calculating the surface charge density from the conservative forces using Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory in combination with a charge regulation boundary condition we find that the viscosity enhancement correlates with increasing surface charge density. We compare the observed viscosity enhancement with two competing continuum theory models: (i) electroviscous dissipation due to the electrophoretic flow driven by the streaming current that is generated upon squeezing out the counterions in the diffuse part of the electric double layer, and (ii) visco-electric enhancement of the local water viscosity caused by the strong electric fields within the electric double layer. While the visco-electric model correctly captures the qualitative trends observed in the experiments, a quantitative description of the data presumably requires more sophisticated simulations that include microscopic aspects of the distribution and mobility of ions in the Stern layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Liu
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - A. Klaassen
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - C. Zhao
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - F. Mugele
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - D. van den Ende
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Hoffmann V, Pulletikurthi G, Carstens T, Lahiri A, Borodin A, Schammer M, Horstmann B, Latz A, Endres F. Influence of a silver salt on the nanostructure of a Au(111)/ionic liquid interface: an atomic force microscopy study and theoretical concepts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:4760-4771. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08243f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We combine in situ atomic force microscopy and non-equilibrium thermodynamics to investigate the Au(111)/electrolyte interface. Experiment and theory show that the concentration of solutes strongly influences the structure of the electrode/electrolyte interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Hoffmann
- Institute of Electrochemistry
- Clausthal University of Technology
- 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- Germany
| | - Giridhar Pulletikurthi
- Institute of Electrochemistry
- Clausthal University of Technology
- 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- Germany
| | - Timo Carstens
- Institute of Electrochemistry
- Clausthal University of Technology
- 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- Germany
| | - Abhishek Lahiri
- Institute of Electrochemistry
- Clausthal University of Technology
- 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- Germany
| | - Andriy Borodin
- Institute of Electrochemistry
- Clausthal University of Technology
- 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- Germany
| | - Max Schammer
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
- German Aerospace Center
- 70569 Stuttgart
| | - Birger Horstmann
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
- German Aerospace Center
- 70569 Stuttgart
| | - Arnulf Latz
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
- German Aerospace Center
- 70569 Stuttgart
| | - Frank Endres
- Institute of Electrochemistry
- Clausthal University of Technology
- 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld
- Germany
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Luo X, Deng S, Wang P. Temporal–spatial-resolved mapping of the electrical double layer changes by surface plasmon resonance imaging. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28266-28274. [PMID: 35542477 PMCID: PMC9084293 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05380d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An electrical double layer (EDL) is a specific distribution of ions at the electrolyte/electrode interface. As EDL plays a decisive role in the interfacial physical and chemical characteristics, a comprehensive and quantitative understanding of the EDL structure and its change dynamics is important for a wide range of fields, ranging from electrochemistry, energy storage and semiconductor materials to biotechnology. In this paper, we proposed a proof of concept method for temporal- and spatial-resolved mapping of the EDL structure and its change dynamics. A potential was applied on the interface and the potential induced ion re-arrangement process was monitored by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging in real time. NaCl experiments were repeated six times and the coefficient of variation of the results was 5.17%, confirming the potential-induced SPR response. Experiments with different potential excitations, ion concentrations and species were performed and results indicated that the electron density change and ion re-arrangement contributed comparably to the potential induced SPR response. Additionally, the lateral distribution of the EDL formed at the interface between NaCl solutions and an Au film coated with arrays of 11-MUA spots was mapped. This method is temporally and spatially resolved, and thus has the potential to be a promising tool for EDL studies at heterogeneous interfaces. This paper provides a novel method for temporal–spatial-resolved mapping of the electrical double layer changes at the heterogeneous interface.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- PR China
| | - Shijie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- PR China
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Lützenkirchen J, Franks G, Plaschke M, Zimmermann R, Heberling F, Abdelmonem A, Darbha G, Schild D, Filby A, Eng P, Catalano J, Rosenqvist J, Preocanin T, Aytug T, Zhang D, Gan Y, Braunschweig B. The surface chemistry of sapphire-c: A literature review and a study on various factors influencing its IEP. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 251:1-25. [PMID: 29287789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of isoelectric points (IEPs) has been reported in the literature for sapphire-c (α-alumina), also referred to as basal plane, (001) or (0001), single crystals. Interestingly, the available data suggest that the variation of IEPs is comparable to the range of IEPs encountered for particles, although single crystals should be much better defined in terms of surface structure. One explanation for the range of IEPs might be the obvious danger of contaminating the small surface areas of single crystal samples while exposing them to comparatively large solution reservoirs. Literature suggests that factors like origin of the sample, sample treatment or the method of investigation all have an influence on the surfaces and it is difficult to clearly separate the respective, individual effects. In the present study, we investigate cause-effect relationships to better understand the individual effects. The reference IEP of our samples is between 4 and 4.5. High temperature treatment tends to decrease the IEP of sapphire-c as does UV treatment. Increasing the initial miscut (i.e. the divergence from the expected orientation of the crystal) tends to increase the IEP as does plasma cleaning, which can be understood assuming that the surfaces have become less hydrophobic due to the presence of more and/or larger steps with increasing miscut or due to amorphisation of the surface caused by plasma cleaning. Pre-treatment at very high pH caused an increase in the IEP. Surface treatments that led to IEPs different from the stable value of reference samples typically resulted in surfaces that were strongly affected by subsequent exposure to water. The streaming potential data appear to relax to the reference sample behavior after a period of time of water exposure. Combination of the zeta-potential measurements with AFM investigations support the idea that atomically smooth surfaces exhibit lower IEPs, while rougher surfaces (roughness on the order of nanometers) result in higher IEPs compared to reference samples. Two supplementary investigations resulted in either surprising or ambiguous results. On very rough surfaces (roughness on the order of micrometers) the IEP lowered compared to the reference sample with nanometer-scale roughness and transient behavior of the rough surfaces was observed. Furthermore, differences in the IEP as obtained from streaming potential and static colloid adhesion measurements may suggest that hydrodynamics play a role in streaming potential experiments. We finally relate surface diffraction data from previous studies to possible interpretations of our electrokinetic data to corroborate the presence of a water film that can explain the low IEP. Calculations show that the surface diffraction data are in line with the presence of a water film, however, they do not allow to unambiguously resolve critical features of this film which might explain the observed surface chemical characteristics like the dangling OH-bond reported in sum frequency generation studies. A broad literature review on properties of related surfaces shows that the presence of such water films could in many cases affect the interfacial properties. Persistence or not of the water film can be crucial. The presence of the water film can in principle affect important processes like ice-nucleation, wetting behavior, electric charging, etc.
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