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Wardhani K, Levina A, Sun B, Zou H, Grau GER, Keene FR, Collins JG, Lay PA. Tetranuclear Polypyridylruthenium(II) Complexes as Selective Nucleic Acid Stains for Flow Cytometric Analysis of Monocytic and Epithelial Lung Carcinoma Large Extracellular Vesicles. Biomolecules 2024; 14:664. [PMID: 38927067 PMCID: PMC11202172 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective staining of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a major challenge for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Herein, the EV labeling properties of a new class of tetranuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes, Rubb7-TNL and Rubb7-TL, as phosphorescent stains are described. These new stains have many advantages over standard stains to detect and characterize EVs, including: high specificity for EV staining versus cell staining; high phosphorescence yields; photostability; and a lack of leaching from EVs until incorporation with target cells. As an example of their utility, large EVs released from control (basal) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells were studied as a model of immune system EVs released during bacterial infection. Key findings from EV staining combined with flow cytometry were as follows: (i) LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells generated significantly larger and more numerous large EVs, as compared with those from unstimulated cells; (ii) EVs retained native EV physical properties after staining; and (iii) the new stains selectively differentiated intact large EVs from artificial liposomes, which are models of cell membrane fragments or other lipid-containing debris, as well as distinguished two distinct subpopulations of monocytic EVs within the same experiment, as a result of biochemical differences between unstimulated and LPS-stimulated monocytes. Comparatively, the staining patterns of A549 epithelial lung carcinoma-derived EVs closely resembled those of THP-1 cell line-derived EVs, which highlighted similarities in their selective staining despite their distinct cellular origins. This is consistent with the hypothesis that these new phosphorescent stains target RNA within the EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Wardhani
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology (B-TEK) Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Biyun Sun
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia;
| | - Haipei Zou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Georges E. R. Grau
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Vascular Immunology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - F. Richard Keene
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Physics, Chemistry, and Earth Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine/Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - J. Grant Collins
- School of Science, The University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia;
| | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Li X, Wang Q. Platelet-Derived Microparticles and Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10275. [PMID: 37373420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular microparticles provide a means of cell-to-cell communication and can promote information exchanges between adjacent or distant cells. Platelets are cell fragments that are derived from megakaryocytes. Their main functions are to stop bleeding, regulate inflammation, and maintain the integrity of blood vessels. When platelets are activated, they can perform related tasks by secreting platelet-derived microparticles that contain lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and even organelles. There are differences in the circulating platelet levels in many autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, and Sjogren's syndrome. In this paper, the latest findings in the research field of platelet-derived microparticles are reviewed, including the potential pathogenesis of platelet-derived microparticles in various types of immune diseases, their potential as related markers, and for monitoring the progress and prognosis of disease treatment are expounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110801, China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110801, China
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3
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Jalalifar S, Morovati Khamsi H, Hosseini-Fard SR, Karampoor S, Bajelan B, Irajian G, Mirzaei R. Emerging role of microbiota derived outer membrane vesicles to preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic proposes. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:3. [PMID: 36658631 PMCID: PMC9850788 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of gut microbiota and its products in human health and disease is profoundly investigated. The communication between gut microbiota and the host involves a complicated network of signaling pathways via biologically active molecules generated by intestinal microbiota. Some of these molecules could be assembled within nanoparticles known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Recent studies propose that OMVs play a critical role in shaping immune responses, including homeostasis and acute inflammatory responses. Moreover, these OMVs have an immense capacity to be applied in medical research, such as OMV-based vaccines and drug delivery. This review presents a comprehensive overview of emerging knowledge about biogenesis, the role, and application of these bacterial-derived OMVs, including OMV-based vaccines, OMV adjuvants characteristics, OMV vehicles (in conjugated vaccines), cancer immunotherapy, and drug carriers and delivery systems. Moreover, we also highlight the significance of the potential role of these OMVs in diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Jalalifar
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Morovati Khamsi
- grid.418970.3Department of Quality Control, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini-Fard
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Bajelan
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Irajian
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- grid.420169.80000 0000 9562 2611Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Nik Ibrahim NNI, Abdul Rahman R, Azlan M, Abd Aziz A, Ghulam Rasool AH. Endothelial Microparticles as Potential Biomarkers in the Assessment of Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypercholesterolemia. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060824. [PMID: 35744087 PMCID: PMC9229814 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Endothelial microparticles (EMP) particularly CD31+/42−/AV+, CD144+/AV+ and CD62e+/AV+ have been reported as having increased in cardiovascular-related diseases, making them potential biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction. This study aimed to compare these EMPs in patients with hypercholesterolemia and healthy controls and to correlate their levels with endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) assessed via pulse wave analysis (PWA); an established method of assessing endothelial function. Materials and Methods: EMPs from 88 subjects (44 hypercholesterolemia patients and 44 controls) were quantified from whole blood using flow cytometry analysis. Endothelial function was determined using PWA combined with pharmacological challenge. Results: CD31+/42−/AV+ (3.45 ± 4.74 count/µL vs. 1.33 ± 4.40 count/µL; p = 0.03), CD144+/AV+ (7.37 ± 12.66 count/µL vs. 1.42 ± 1.71 count/µL; p = 0.003) and CD62e+/AV+ (57.16 ± 56.22 count/µL vs. 20.78 ± 11.04 count/µL; p < 0.001) were significantly elevated in the hypercholesterolemic group compared with the controls, respectively. There was a significant inverse moderate correlation between all circulating EMPs and EDV: CD31+/42−/AV+ (r = −0.36, p = 0.001), CD144+/AV+ (r = −0.37, p = 0.001) and CD62e+/AV+ (r = −0.35, p = 0.002). Conclusions: All EMPs were raised in the patients with hypercholesterolemia, and these values correlated with the established method of assessing endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nik Nor Izah Nik Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-9767-6141
| | - Razlina Abdul Rahman
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Azlan
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Aniza Abd Aziz
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Hospital USM, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
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Makhijani P, McGaha TL. Myeloid Responses to Extracellular Vesicles in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:818538. [PMID: 35320943 PMCID: PMC8934876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are mediators of cell-cell communication playing a key role in both steady-state and disease conditions. Extracellular vesicles carry diverse donor-derived cargos, including DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids that induce a complex network of signals in recipient cells. Due to their ability to capture particulate matter and/or capacity to polarize and orchestrate tissue responses, myeloid immune cells (e.g., dendritic cells, macrophages, etc.) rapidly respond to extracellular vesicles, driving local and systemic effects. In cancer, myeloid-extracellular vesicle communication contributes to chronic inflammation, self-tolerance, and therapeutic resistance while in autoimmune disease, extracellular vesicles support inflammation and tissue destruction. Here, we review cellular mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles modulate myeloid immunity in cancer and autoimmune disease, highlighting some contradictory results and outstanding questions. We will also summarize how understanding of extracellular vesicle biology is being utilized for novel therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Makhijani
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tracy L. McGaha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Tracy L. McGaha,
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Che Mohd Nassir CMN, Hashim S, Wong KK, Abdul Halim S, Idris NS, Jayabalan N, Guo D, Mustapha M. COVID-19 Infection and Circulating Microparticles-Reviewing Evidence as Microthrombogenic Risk Factor for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:4188-4215. [PMID: 34176095 PMCID: PMC8235918 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) due to novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the global society in numerous unprecedented ways, with considerable morbidity and mortality. Both direct and indirect consequences from COVID-19 infection are recognized to give rise to cardio- and cerebrovascular complications. Despite current limited knowledge on COVID-19 pathogenesis, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulopathy appear to play critical roles in COVID-19-associated cerebrovascular disease (CVD). One of the major subtypes of CVD is cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) which represents a spectrum of pathological processes of various etiologies affecting the brain microcirculation that can trigger subsequent neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Prevalent with aging, CSVD is a recognized risk factor for stroke, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. In the background of COVID-19 infection, the heightened cellular activations from inflammations and oxidative stress may result in elevated levels of microthrombogenic extracellular-derived circulating microparticles (MPs). Consequently, MPs could act as pro-coagulant risk factor that may serve as microthrombi for the vulnerable microcirculation in the brain leading to CSVD manifestations. This review aims to appraise the accumulating body of evidence on the plausible impact of COVID-19 infection on the formation of microthrombogenic MPs that could lead to microthrombosis in CSVD manifestations, including occult CSVD which may last well beyond the pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Mohd Nasril Che Mohd Nassir
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sabarisah Hashim
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kah Keng Wong
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sanihah Abdul Halim
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Suhaila Idris
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nanthini Jayabalan
- Translational Neuroscience Lab, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, the University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, 4029, Australia
| | - Dazhi Guo
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 6 Fucheng Rd, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Muzaimi Mustapha
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Nassir CMNCM, Ghazali MM, Hashim S, Idris NS, Yuen LS, Hui WJ, Norman HH, Gau CH, Jayabalan N, Na Y, Feng L, Ong LK, Abdul Hamid H, Ahamed HN, Mustapha M. Diets and Cellular-Derived Microparticles: Weighing a Plausible Link With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:632131. [PMID: 33718454 PMCID: PMC7943466 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.632131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) represents a spectrum of pathological processes of various etiologies affecting the brain microcirculation that can trigger neuroinflammation and the subsequent neurodegenerative cascade. Prevalent with aging, CSVD is a recognized risk factor for stroke, vascular dementia, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease. Despite being the most common neurodegenerative condition with cerebrocardiovascular axis, understanding about it remains poor. Interestingly, modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet including high intake of processed food, high-fat foods, and animal by-products are known to influence the non-neural peripheral events, such as in the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular stress through cellular inflammation and oxidation. One key outcome from such events, among others, includes the cellular activations that lead to elevated levels of endogenous cellular-derived circulating microparticles (MPs). MPs can be produced from various cellular origins including leukocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, microbiota, and microglia. MPs could act as microthrombogenic procoagulant that served as a plausible culprit for the vulnerable end-artery microcirculation in the brain as the end-organ leading to CSVD manifestations. However, little attention has been paid on the potential role of MPs in the onset and progression of CSVD spectrum. Corroboratively, the formation of MPs is known to be influenced by diet-induced cellular stress. Thus, this review aims to appraise the body of evidence on the dietary-related impacts on circulating MPs from non-neural peripheral origins that could serve as a plausible microthrombosis in CSVD manifestation as a precursor of neurodegeneration. Here, we elaborate on the pathomechanical features of MPs in health and disease states; relevance of dietary patterns on MP release; preclinical studies pertaining to diet-based MPs contribution to disease; MP level as putative surrogates for early disease biomarkers; and lastly, the potential of MPs manipulation with diet-based approach as a novel preventive measure for CSVD in an aging society worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mazira Mohamad Ghazali
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Sabarisah Hashim
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Nur Suhaila Idris
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Lee Si Yuen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Wong Jia Hui
- Neurobiology of Aging and Disease Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haziq Hazman Norman
- Anatomy Unit, International Medical School (IMS), Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Chuang Huei Gau
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Nanthini Jayabalan
- Translational Neuroscience Lab, University of Queensland (UQ), Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuri Na
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Linqing Feng
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Lin Kooi Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Hafizah Abdul Hamid
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Haja Nazeer Ahamed
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Muzaimi Mustapha
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Exosomes: A Key Piece in Asthmatic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020963. [PMID: 33478047 PMCID: PMC7835850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways that has an important inflammatory component. Multiple cells are implicated in asthma pathogenesis (lymphocytes, eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, neutrophils), releasing a wide variety of cytokines. These cells can exert their inflammatory functions throughout extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are small vesicles released by donor cells into the extracellular microenvironment that can be taken up by recipient cells. Depending on their size, EVs can be classified as microvesicles, exosomes, or apoptotic bodies. EVs are heterogeneous spherical structures secreted by almost all cell types. One of their main functions is to act as transporters of a wide range of molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and microRNAs (miRNAs), which are single-stranded RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides in length. Therefore, exosomes could influence several physiological and pathological processes, including those involved in asthma. They can be detected in multiple cell types and biofluids, providing a wealth of information about the processes that take account in a pathological scenario. This review thus summarizes the most recent insights concerning the role of exosomes from different sources (several cell populations and biofluids) in one of the most prevalent respiratory diseases, asthma.
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Menon R, Shahin H. Extracellular vesicles in spontaneous preterm birth. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13353. [PMID: 32975858 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Feto-maternal communication helps to maintain pregnancy and contributes to parturition at term and preterm. Endocrine and immune factor are well-reported communication mediators. Recent advances in extracellular vesicle (EV) biology have introduced them as major communication channels between the mother and fetus. EVs are round structures with a lipid bilayer membrane. EVs are generally categorized based on their size and mode of biogenesis. The most commonly reported EVs are exosomes with a size range of 30-160 nm that are formed inside the intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular body. Microvesicles (MVs) are larger than > 200 nm and formed by outward budding of plasma membrane. Vesicles are released from all cells and carry various factors that reflect the physiologic state of cell at the time of their release. Analysis of vesicle provides a snapshot of origin cell. Recent studies in perinatal medicine have shown that exosomes are key communicators between feto-maternal units, and they can cross placenta. Fetal-derived exosomes released under term labor-associated conditions can cause parturition-associated changes in maternal uterine tissues. Exosomes carrying inflammatory cargo can cause preterm birth in animal models suggesting their functional role in parturition. A few reports have profiled differences between exosome cargos from term and preterm pregnancies and indicated their biomarker potential to predict high-risk pregnancy status. There are hardly any reports on MVs and their functional roles in reproduction. Herein, we review of EVs and MVs, their characteristics, function, and usefulness predicting adverse pregnancy complications such as preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hend Shahin
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
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Macia L, Nanan R, Hosseini-Beheshti E, Grau GE. Host- and Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles, Immune Function, and Disease Development. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010107. [PMID: 31877909 PMCID: PMC6982009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are blebs of either plasma membrane or intracellular membranes carrying a cargo of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. EVs are produced by eukaryotic cells both under physiological and pathological conditions. Genetic and environmental factors (diet, stress, etc.) affecting EV cargo, regulating EV release, and consequences on immunity will be covered. EVs are found in virtually all body fluids such as plasma, saliva, amniotic fluid, and breast milk, suggesting key roles in immune development and function at different life stages from in utero to aging. These will be reviewed here. Under pathological conditions, plasma EV levels are increased and exacerbate immune activation and inflammatory reaction. Sources of EV, cells targeted, and consequences on immune function and disease development will be discussed. Both pathogenic and commensal bacteria release EV, which are classified as outer membrane vesicles when released by Gram-negative bacteria or as membrane vesicles when released by Gram-positive bacteria. Bacteria derived EVs can affect host immunity with pathogenic bacteria derived EVs having pro-inflammatory effects of host immune cells while probiotic derived EVs mostly shape the immune response towards tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Macia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (G.E.G.); Tel.: +61-2-8627-6525 (L.M.); +61-2-9036-3260 (G.E.G.)
| | - Ralph Nanan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- The University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School Nepean, Penrith 2751, Australia
| | - Elham Hosseini-Beheshti
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Vascular Immunology Unit, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Georges E. Grau
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Vascular Immunology Unit, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (G.E.G.); Tel.: +61-2-8627-6525 (L.M.); +61-2-9036-3260 (G.E.G.)
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Dozio V, Lejon V, Mumba Ngoyi D, Büscher P, Sanchez JC, Tiberti N. Cerebrospinal Fluid-Derived Microvesicles From Sleeping Sickness Patients Alter Protein Expression in Human Astrocytes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:391. [PMID: 31824868 PMCID: PMC6879452 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) caused by the extracellular protozoon Trypanosoma brucei, is a neglected tropical disease affecting the poorest communities in sub-Saharan Africa. HAT progresses from a hemolymphatic first stage (S1) to a meningo-encephalitic late stage (S2) when parasites reach the central nervous system (CNS), although the existence of an intermediate stage (Int.) has also been proposed. The pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the development of S2 encephalopathy are yet to be fully elucidated. Here we hypothesized that HAT progression toward S2 might be accompanied by an increased release of microvesicles (MVs), sub-micron elements (0.1–1 μm) involved in inflammatory processes and in the determination of the outcome of infections. We studied the morphology of MVs isolated from HAT cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and used flow cytometry to show that total-MVs and leukocyte derived-CD45+ MVs are significantly increased in concentration in S2 patients' CSF compared to S1 and Int. samples (n = 12 per group). To assess potential biological properties of these MVs, immortalized human astrocytes were exposed, in vitro, to MVs enriched from S1, Int. or S2 CSF. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry analyses showed that S2 MVs induced, compared to Int. or S1 MVs, a strong proteome modulation in astrocytes that resembled the one produced by IFN-γ, a key molecule in HAT pathogenesis. Our results indicate that HAT S2 CSF harbors MVs potentially involved in the mechanisms of pathology associated with HAT late stage. Such vesicles might thus represent a new player to consider in future functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Dozio
- Translational Biomarker Group, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Veerle Lejon
- Intertryp, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Dieudonné Mumba Ngoyi
- Department of Parasitology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Philippe Büscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Natalia Tiberti
- Translational Biomarker Group, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious - Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy
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12
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Utermöhlen O, Jakobshagen K, Blissenbach B, Wiegmann K, Merz T, Hefti JP, Krönke M. Emergence of AnnexinVpos CD31neg CD42blow/neg extracellular vesicles in plasma of humans at extreme altitude. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220133. [PMID: 31369589 PMCID: PMC6675110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypobaric hypoxia has been reported to cause endothelial cell and platelet dysfunction implicated in the formation of microvascular lesions, and in its extremes may contribute to vascular leakage in high altitude pulmonary edema or blood brain barrier disruption leading to cerebral micro-hemorrhage (MH). Platelet function in the development of microvascular lesions remained ill defined, and is still incompletely understood. In this study platelet- and endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles (PEV and EEV, respectively) and cell adhesion molecules were characterized in plasma samples of members of a high altitude expedition to delineate the contribution of platelets and endothelial cells to hypobaric hypoxia-induced vascular dysfunction. Methods and findings In this observational study, platelet and endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles were analysed by flow-cytometry in plasma samples from 39 mountaineers participating in a medical research climbing expedition to Himlung Himal, Nepal, 7,050m asl. Megakaryocyte/platelet-derived AnnexinVpos, PECAM-1 (CD31) and glycoprotein-1b (GP1b, CD42b) positive extracellular vesicles (PEV) constituted the predominant fraction of EV in plasma samples up to 6,050m asl. Exposure to an altitude of 7,050m led to a marked decline of CD31pos CD42neg EEV as well as of CD31pos CD42bpos PEV at the same time giving rise to a quantitatively prevailing CD31neg CD42blow/neg subpopulation of AnnexinVpos EV. An almost hundredfold increase in the numbers of this previously unrecognized population of CD31neg CD42blow/neg EV was observed in all participants reaching 7,050m asl. Conclusions The emergence of CD31neg CD42blow/neg EV was observed in all participants and thus represents an early hypoxic marker at extreme altitude. Since CD31 and CD42b are required for platelet-endothelial cell interactions, these hypobaric hypoxia-dependent quantitative and phenotypic changes of AnnexinVpos EV subpopulations may serve as early and sensitive indicators of compromised vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Utermöhlen
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Kristin Jakobshagen
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Blissenbach
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katja Wiegmann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Merz
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jacqueline Pichler Hefti
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (MK); (JP)
| | - Martin Krönke
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail: (MK); (JP)
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13
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Alarcón M. Generation of platelet-derived microparticles through the activation of the toll-like receptor 4. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01486. [PMID: 31008410 PMCID: PMC6458467 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Infection from different bacterial may increase the risk of thrombosis and atherosclerosis risk by production and secretion of many proinflammatory factors. Human platelets have toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the principal receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The activation of platelet produces Platelet-derived Microparticles (PDMPs) measuring less than 1.0 micron (that are very abundant in circulation >90%), which are associated with the development of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of death in the world. Objectives Experiments were designed to evaluate the generation of pro-thrombogenic microparticles in vitro on platelets via TLR4 activation. Methods Platelet-rich plasma and washed platelets from healthy volunteers were incubated for the generation of PDMPs. The best source for the generation of microparticles was washed platelets. Then the washed platelets were incubated for 15 minutes with ultrapure Escherichia coli LPS (0–9 μg/mL) followed by activation with ADP (1 μM, subaggregant concentration), centrifuged for 60 minutes and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Incubating platelets with LPS (9 μg/mL) and ADP (1 μM) produced a 34-fold increase in PDMPs generation. Finally, we evaluated this protocol to detect the inhibition of PDMPs generation, washed platelets were incubated with acetylsalicylic acid (10 μM) and an inhibition of 7.7-fold in PDMPs generation for activation of TLR4 was found. Conclusion A new and easy protocol for PDMPs generation and analysis by Flow Cytometry is established. In the future it could be used to determine the association of PDMPs with different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Post code 3460000, Chile
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14
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Liu ML, Werth VP, Williams KJ. Blood plasma versus serum: which is right for sampling circulating membrane microvesicles in human subjects? Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 79:e73. [PMID: 31005899 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA .,Corporal Michael J Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victoria P Werth
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Corporal Michael J Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin Jon Williams
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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Sierro F, Grau GER. The Ins and Outs of Cerebral Malaria Pathogenesis: Immunopathology, Extracellular Vesicles, Immunometabolism, and Trained Immunity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:830. [PMID: 31057552 PMCID: PMC6478768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Complications from malaria parasite infections still cost the lives of close to half a million people every year. The most severe is cerebral malaria (CM). Employing murine models of CM, autopsy results, in vitro experiments, neuroimaging and microscopic techniques, decades of research activity have investigated the development of CM immunopathology in the hope of identifying steps that could be therapeutically targeted. Yet important questions remain. This review summarizes recent findings, primarily mechanistic insights on the essential cellular and molecular players involved gained within the murine experimental cerebral malaria model. It also highlights recent developments in (a) cell-cell communication events mediated through extracellular vesicles (EVs), (b) mounting evidence for innate immune memory, leading to “trained“ increased or tolerised responses, and (c) modulation of immune cell function through metabolism, that could shed light on why some patients develop this life-threatening condition whilst many do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Sierro
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Human Health, Nuclear Science, Technology, and Landmark Infrastructure, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Deng W, Tang T, Hou Y, Zeng Q, Wang Y, Fan W, Qu S. Extracellular vesicles in atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 495:109-117. [PMID: 30959044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which exist in human blood, are increased in some inflammation-related cardiovascular diseases. EVs are involved in inflammation, immunity, signal transduction, cell survival and apoptosis, angiogenesis, thrombosis, and autophagy, all of which are highly significant for maintaining homeostasis and disease progression. Therefore, EVs are also associated with key steps in atherosclerosis, including cellular lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction and vascular wall inflammation, ultimately resulting in vascular remodelling. In this review, we summarize recent studies on EV contents and biological function, focusing on their potential effect in atherosclerosis, including cholesterol metabolism, vascular inflammation, angiogenesis, coagulation and the development of atherosclerotic lesions. EVs may represent potential biomarkers and pharmacological targets for atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenYi Deng
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - TingTing Tang
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - YangFeng Hou
- Clinic Medicine Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - YuFei Wang
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - WenJing Fan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China; Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of south China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China.
| | - ShunLin Qu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China.
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17
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Martin N, Smith AC, Dungey MR, Young HML, Burton JO, Bishop NC. Exercise during hemodialysis does not affect the phenotype or prothrombotic nature of microparticles but alters their proinflammatory function. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13825. [PMID: 30294974 PMCID: PMC6174123 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodialysis patients have dysfunctional immune systems, chronic inflammation and comorbidity-associated risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and infection. Microparticles are biologically active nanovesicles shed from activated endothelial cells, immune cells, and platelets; they are elevated in hemodialysis patients and are associated with chronic inflammation and predictive of CVD mortality in this group. Exercise is advocated in hemodialysis to improve cardiovascular health yet acute exercise induces an increase in circulating microparticles in healthy populations. Therefore, this study aimed to assess acute effect of intradialytic exercise (IDE) on microparticle number and phenotype, and their ability to induce endothelial cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro. Eleven patients were studied during a routine hemodialysis session and one where they exercised in a randomized cross-over design. Microparticle number increased during hemodialysis (2064-7071 microparticles/μL, P < 0.001) as did phosphatidylserine+ (P < 0.05), platelet-derived (P < 0.01) and percentage procoagulant neutrophil-derived microparticles (P < 0.05), but this was not affected by IDE. However, microparticles collected immediately and 60 min after IDE (but not later) induced greater ROS generation from cultured endothelial cells (P < 0.05), suggesting a transient proinflammatory event. In summary IDE does not further increase prothrombotic microparticle numbers that occurs during hemodialysis. However, given acute proinflammatory responses to exercise stimulate an adaptation toward a circulating anti-inflammatory environment, microparticle-induced transient increases of endothelial cell ROS in vitro with IDE may indicate the potential for a longer-term anti-inflammatory adaptive effect. These findings provide a crucial evidence base for future studies of microparticles responses to IDE in view of the exceptionally high risk of CVD in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Martin
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise MedicineSchool of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle TeamDepartment of Infection, Immunity & InflammationUniversity of Leicester and John Walls Renal UnitUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
| | - Alice C. Smith
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle TeamDepartment of Infection, Immunity & InflammationUniversity of Leicester and John Walls Renal UnitUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
| | - Maurice R. Dungey
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise MedicineSchool of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle TeamDepartment of Infection, Immunity & InflammationUniversity of Leicester and John Walls Renal UnitUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
| | - Hannah M. L. Young
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle TeamDepartment of Infection, Immunity & InflammationUniversity of Leicester and John Walls Renal UnitUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
| | - James O. Burton
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle TeamDepartment of Infection, Immunity & InflammationUniversity of Leicester and John Walls Renal UnitUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
| | - Nicolette C. Bishop
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise MedicineSchool of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLeicestershireUnited Kingdom
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18
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Hosseini-Beheshti E, Grau GER. Extracellular vesicles as mediators of immunopathology in infectious diseases. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:694-703. [PMID: 29577413 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, extracellular vesicles have emerged as important elements in cell-cell communication and as key players in disease pathogenesis via transmission of their cargo between different cells. Various works have described different subpopulations of these membrane structures, based on their cell of origin, biogenesis, size, biophysical properties and cargo. In addition to their pathophysiological role in the development and progression of different diseases including infectious diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, extracellular vesicles are now recognized for their potential as novel therapeutic targets and intelligent drug delivery system. Here, we have reviewed the most recent data on different subtypes of extracellular vesicles, focusing on microvesicles and exosomes and their subpopulations, their involvement in immune-mediated pathogenesis of various infectious diseases and their role as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hosseini-Beheshti
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Marie Bashir Institute and The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Georges Emile Raymond Grau
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Marie Bashir Institute and The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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19
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Vítková V, Živný J, Janota J. Endothelial cell-derived microvesicles: potential mediators and biomarkers of pathologic processes. Biomark Med 2018; 12:161-175. [PMID: 29327597 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the formation, composition and function of endothelial microvesicles (MV), often called microparticles (MP). MV release is a controlled event and is considered a hallmark of cellular activation or alteration. MV may affect the function of target cells through surface interaction and receptor activation, cellular fusion and the delivery of intravesicular cargo. Endothelial MV are released as a consequence of endothelial activation during inflammation and have been described to affect hemostasis, various aspects of inflammatory reaction, vessel formation, apoptosis and cell survival, endothelial cell differentiation and function. Recent data suggest the potential use of MV in diagnostics, assessment of severity and prediction of outcomes in inflammatory diseases and their utilization as targets, mediators and vectors in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vítková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Thomayer Department of Neonatology, Thomayer Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Živný
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Janota
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Thomayer Department of Neonatology, Thomayer Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
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20
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Cherre S, Granberg M, Østergaard O, Heegaard NHH, Rozlosnik N. Generation and Characterization of Cell-Derived Microvesicles from HUVECs. BIONANOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-017-0438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Huang Y, Mao Q, He J, Su J, Peng Y, Liang W, Hu Z, Zhou S, Lu X, Zhao Y. Fusions of Tumor-derived Endothelial Cells with Dendritic Cells Induces Antitumor Immunity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46544. [PMID: 28436481 PMCID: PMC5402293 DOI: 10.1038/srep46544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore dendritic cells/tumor-derived endothelial cells (DC/EC) fusion cells are potent stimulators of T cells to impact tumor progression. ECs were isolated from mice hepatoma cell line (H22) Xenograft, and dendritic cells were isolated from bone marrow of BALB/c mice, then the isolated ECs were cultured and detected the endothelial surface expression of CD105 by flow cytometry. The endothelial characteristics of ECs were detected by tube formation assay and Dil-Ac-LDL uptake assay. After the fusion with polyethylene glycol (PEG), we used DCs, ECs, DCs mixed ECs as the control groups, DC/EC fusion cells as the experimental group, Secretion of IFN-α and IFN-γ was evaluated, T lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were detected in vitro. In vivo, T lymphocyte induced by five groups was injected to detect the effect of tumor progression. Purified ECs (CD105+) took the function of endothelial cells, then successfully fused with DCs. The DC/EC fusion cells were functional in stimulating the proliferation of T cells, which produced IFN-α and IFN-γ. In vivo, T cells stimulated by DC/EC fusion cells effectively repressed tumor growth. The fusion cells, which was capable of stimulating T cells, is indispensable for antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Huang
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Mao
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Jian He
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Jing Su
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yi Peng
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liang
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Zixi Hu
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Sufang Zhou
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuang Yong Rd. 22, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
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Abstract
Interest in cell-derived extracellular vesicles and their physiological and pathological implications is constantly growing. Microvesicles, also known as microparticles, are small extracellular vesicles released by cells in response to activation or apoptosis. Among the different microvesicles present in the blood of healthy individuals, platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) are the most abundant. Their characterization has revealed a heterogeneous cargo that includes a set of adhesion molecules. Similarly to platelets, PMVs are also involved in thrombosis through support of the coagulation cascade. The levels of circulatory PMVs are altered during several disease manifestations such as coagulation disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and infections, pointing to their potential contribution to disease and their development as a biomarker. This review highlights recent findings in the field of PMV research and addresses their contribution to both healthy and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imene Melki
- a Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculty of Medicine , Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Université Laval , Quebec City , QC , Canada
| | - Nicolas Tessandier
- a Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculty of Medicine , Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Université Laval , Quebec City , QC , Canada
| | - Anne Zufferey
- a Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculty of Medicine , Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Université Laval , Quebec City , QC , Canada
| | - Eric Boilard
- a Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculty of Medicine , Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Université Laval , Quebec City , QC , Canada
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Thulin Å, Christersson C, Alfredsson J, Siegbahn A. Circulating cell-derived microparticles as biomarkers in cardiovascular disease. Biomark Med 2016; 10:1009-22. [PMID: 27586235 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a common cause of death, and a search for biomarkers for risk stratification is warranted. Elevated levels of cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are found in patients with CVD and in groups with risk factors for CVD. Subpopulations of MPs are promising biomarkers for improving risk prediction, as well as monitoring treatment. However, the field has been hampered by technical difficulties, and the ongoing development of sensitive standardized techniques is crucial for implementing MP analyses in the clinic. Large prospective studies are required to establish which MPs are of prognostic value in different patient groups. In this review, we discuss methodological challenges and progress in the field, as well as MP populations that are of interest for further clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Thulin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | - Jenny Alfredsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Zinger A, Latham SL, Combes V, Byrne S, Barnett MH, Hawke S, Grau GE. Plasma levels of endothelial and B-cell-derived microparticles are restored by fingolimod treatment in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler 2016; 22:1883-1887. [PMID: 26931477 DOI: 10.1177/1352458516636959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No molecular marker can monitor disease progression and treatment efficacy in multiple sclerosis (MS). Circulating microparticles represent a potential snapshot of disease activity at the blood brain barrier. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS To profile plasma microparticles by flow cytometry in MS and determine how fingolimod could impact endothelial microparticles production. RESULTS In non-treated MS patients compared to healthy and fingolimod-treated patients, endothelial microparticles were higher, while B-cell-microparticle numbers were lower. Fingolimod dramatically reduced tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-induced endothelial microparticle release in vitro. CONCLUSION Fingolimod restored dysregulated endothelial and B-cell-microparticle numbers, which could serve as a biomarker in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zinger
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharissa L Latham
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Valery Combes
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott Byrne
- Cellular Photoimmunology Group, Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The Charles Perkins Centre Hub at The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael H Barnett
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Hawke
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia/Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia/Central West Neurology & Neurosurgery, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Georges E Grau
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Chiva-Blanch G, Suades R, Crespo J, Peña E, Padró T, Jiménez-Xarrié E, Martí-Fàbregas J, Badimon L. Microparticle Shedding from Neural Progenitor Cells and Vascular Compartment Cells Is Increased in Ischemic Stroke. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148176. [PMID: 26815842 PMCID: PMC4729528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ischemic stroke has shown to induce platelet and endothelial microparticle shedding, but whether stroke induces microparticle shedding from additional blood and vascular compartment cells is unclear. Neural precursor cells have been shown to replace dying neurons at sites of brain injury; however, if neural precursor cell activation is associated to microparticle shedding, and whether this activation is maintained at long term and associates to stroke type and severity remains unknown. We analyzed neural precursor cells and blood and vascular compartment cells microparticle shedding after an acute ischemic stroke. Methods Forty-four patients were included in the study within the first 48h after the onset of stroke. The cerebral lesion size was evaluated at 3–7 days of the stroke. Circulating microparticles from neural precursor cells and blood and vascular compartment cells (platelets, endothelial cells, erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and smooth muscle cells) were analyzed by flow cytometry at the onset of stroke and at 7 and 90 days. Forty-four age-matched high cardiovascular risk subjects without documented vascular disease were used as controls. Results Compared to high cardiovascular risk controls, patients showed higher number of neural precursor cell- and all blood and vascular compartment cell-derived microparticles at the onset of stroke, and after 7 and 90 days. At 90 days, neural precursor cell-derived microparticles decreased and smooth muscle cell-derived microparticles increased compared to levels at the onset of stroke, but only in those patients with the highest stroke-induced cerebral lesions. Conclusions Stroke increases blood and vascular compartment cell and neural precursor cell microparticle shedding, an effect that is chronically maintained up to 90 days after the ischemic event. These results show that stroke induces a generalized blood and vascular cell activation and the initiation of neuronal cell repair process after stroke. Larger cerebral lesions associate with deeper vessel injury affecting vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Suades
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Crespo
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Jiménez-Xarrié
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Martí-Fàbregas
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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