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Liu Y, Liu M, Zhang C, Li X, Zheng S, Wen L, Liu P, Li P, Yang Z. The silencing of NREP aggravates OA cartilage damage through the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway in chondrocytes. J Orthop Translat 2024; 44:26-34. [PMID: 38179126 PMCID: PMC10765488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease. Due to the limited understanding of its complex pathological mechanism, there is currently no effective treatment that can alleviate or even reverse cartilage damage associated with OA. With improvement in public databases, researchers have successfully identified the key factors involved in the occurrence and development of OA through bioinformatics analysis. The aim of this study was to screen for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the normal and OA cartilage through bioinformatics, and validate the function of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway-related neuron regeneration related protein (NREP) in the articular cartilage. Methods The DEGs between the cartilage tissues of OA patients and healthy controls were screened by bioinformatics, and functionally annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. The expression levels of the DEG in human and murine OA cartilage was verified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RT-qPCR, Western-blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8) and EdU assays were used to evaluate the effects of knocking down NREP in normal chondrocytes, and the molecular mechanisms were investigated by RT-qPCR, Western blotting and IHC. Results In this study, we identified NREP as a DEG in OA through bioinformatics analysis, and found that NREP was downregulated in the damaged articular cartilage of OA patients and mouse model with surgically-induced OA. In addition, knockdown of NREP in normal chondrocytes reduced their proliferative capacity, which is the pathological basis of OA. At the molecular level, knock-down of NREP inactivated the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway, resulting in the downregulation of the anabolic markers Col2a1 and Sox9, and an increase in the expression of the catabolic markers MMP3 and MMP13. Conclusion NREP plays a key role in the progression of OA by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway in chondrocytes, and warrants further study as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
| | - Mengrou Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
| | - Chengming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
| | - Siyu Zheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
| | - Le Wen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
| | - Peidong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, HongHui Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710000, PR China
| | - Pengcui Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
| | - Ziquan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, PR China
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Shi H, Liu X, Li Z, Zhang J, Wang X, Wang W, Tong X. CRTC2 activates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of diabetic kidney disease through the CREB-Smad2/3 pathway. Mol Med 2023; 29:146. [PMID: 37884902 PMCID: PMC10604535 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which is a hallmark of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our previous studies showed that CRTC2 can simultaneously regulate glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. However, it is still unclear whether CRTC2 participates in the EMT process in DKD. METHODS We used protein‒protein network (PPI) analysis to identify genes that were differentially expressed during DKD and EMT. Then, we constructed a diabetic mouse model by administering STZ plus a high-fat diet, and we used HK-2 cells that were verified to confirm the bioinformatics research results. The effects that were exerted by CRTC2 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic kidney disease through the CREB-Smad2/3 signaling pathway were investigated in vivo and in vitro by real-time PCR, WB, IHC and double luciferase reporter gene experiments. RESULTS First, bioinformatics research showed that CRTC2 may promote EMT in diabetic renal tubules through the CREB-Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the Western blotting and real-time PCR results showed that CRTC2 overexpression reduced the expression of E-cadherin in HK-2 cells. The CRTC2 and α-SMA levels were increased in STZ-treated mouse kidneys, and the E-cadherin level was reduced. The luciferase activity of α-SMA, which is the key protein in EMT, was sharply increased in response to the overexpression of CRTC2 and decreased after the silencing of CREB and Smad2/3. However, the expression of E-cadherin showed the opposite trends. In the real-time PCR experiment, the mRNA expression of α-SMA increased significantly when CRTC2 was overexpressed but partially decreased when CREB and Smad2/3 were silenced. However, E-cadherin expression showed the opposite result. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CRTC2 activates the EMT process via the CREB-Smad2/3 signaling pathway in diabetic renal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Li
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China.
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Hongshuo Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Zifa Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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De Jesus DF, Kimura T, Gupta MK, Kulkarni RN. NREP contributes to development of NAFLD by regulating one-carbon metabolism in primary human hepatocytes. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1144-1155.e4. [PMID: 37354909 PMCID: PMC10529627 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. We recently discovered that neuronal regeneration-related protein (NREP/P311), an epigenetically regulated gene reprogrammed by parental metabolic syndrome, is downregulated in human NAFLD. To investigate the impact of NREP insufficiency, we used RNA-sequencing, lipidomics, and antibody microarrays on primary human hepatocytes. NREP knockdown induced transcriptomic remodeling that overlapped with key pathways impacted in human steatosis and steatohepatitis. Additionally, we observed enrichment of pathways involving phosphatidylinositol signaling and one-carbon metabolism. Lipidomics analyses also revealed an increase in cholesterol esters and triglycerides and decreased phosphatidylcholine levels in NREP-deficient hepatocytes. Signalomics identified calcium signaling as a potential mediator of NREP insufficiency's effects. Our results, together with the encouraging observation that several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the NREP locus are associated with metabolic traits, provide a strong rationale for targeting hepatic NREP to improve NAFLD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F De Jesus
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Tian E, Wang F, Zhao L, Sun Y, Yang J. The pathogenic role of intestinal flora metabolites in diabetic nephropathy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1231621. [PMID: 37469558 PMCID: PMC10352811 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1231621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of diabetes, diabetic kidney disease has become a major cause of chronic kidney disease. The role of the gut microbiota in diabetes and its related complications have been extensively investigated; the modulatory effect of the gut microbiota on the host depends on several gut microbial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, and trimethylamine N-oxide. In this review, we focused on the evidence related to the pathogenic role of each of the gut microbial metabolites in diabetic nephropathy. The main novel therapies targeting the gut microbiota include probiotics, dietary prebiotics, synbiotic supplements, and faecal microbiota transplants, although there is no standard treatment principle. Further research is therefore needed to elucidate the link between gut microbes and diabetic nephropathy, and more therapeutic targets should be explored to treat diabetic nephropathy with dysbiosis of the gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Tian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Beibei Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Ma S, Zhao M, Chang M, Shi X, Shi Y, Zhang Y. Effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine on IgA nephropathy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 117:154913. [PMID: 37307737 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), is the main cause of end-stage renal disease, that causes serious physical and psychological burden to patients worldwide. Some traditional treatment measures, such as blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, controlling blood pressure, and following a low-protein diet, may not achieve satisfactory results. Therefore, more effective and safe therapies for IgAN are urgently needed. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to summarize the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) and their active ingredients in the treatment and management of IgAN based on the results of clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, to fully understand the advantages and perspectives of CHMs in the treatment of IgAN. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS For this review, the following electronic databases were consulted: PubMed, ResearchGate, Science Direct, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data, "IgA nephropathy," "traditional Chinese medicine," "Chinese herbal medicine," "herb," "mechanism," "Meta-analysis," "systematic review," "RCT" and their combinations were the keywords to search the relevant literature. Data were collected from 1990 to 2022. RESULTS This review found that the active ingredients of CHMs commonly act on multiple signaling pathways in the clinical treatment of IgAN, mainly with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis effects, and regulation of autophagy. CONCLUSION Compared with the single-target therapy of modern medicine, CHMs can regulate the corresponding pathways from the aspects of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-fibrosis and autophagy to play a multi-target treatment of IgAN through syndrome differentiation and treatment, which has good clinical efficacy and can be used as the first choice or alternative therapy for IgAN treatment. This review provides evidence and research direction for a comprehensive clinical understanding of the protective effect of Chinese herbal medicine on IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Meiying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
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Wei S, Sun Q, Chen J, Li X, Hu Z. Bioinformatics analyses for the identification of tumor antigens and immune subtypes of gastric adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1068112. [PMID: 36579327 PMCID: PMC9791036 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1068112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although mRNA vaccines have been effective against multiple cancers, their efficacy against stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remains undefined. Immunotyping can indicate the comprehensive immune status in tumors and their immune microenvironment, which is closely associated with therapeutic response and vaccination potential. The aim of this study was to identify potential antigens in STAD for mRNA vaccine development, and further distinguish immune subtypes of STAD to construct an immune landscape for selecting suitable patients for vaccination. Methods: The gene expression and clinicopathological features of patients with gastric cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression Program (GTEx). 729 samples from GSE66229 and GSE84437 were downloaded through GEO and were used as the validation cohorts. Differential gene expression, genetic alterations and prognosis were analyzed using the R package, cBioPortal program and Kaplan-Meier. The relationship between tumor antigens and immune cells was evaluated and plotted by TIMER. ConsensusClusterPlus was used for consistency matrix construction and data clustering, and graph learning-based dimensional reduction was used to depict immune landscape. WGCNA was used to estimate the relationship between the color modules and immune subtypes. Results: Two overexpressed and mutated tumor antigens associated with poor prognosis and infiltration of antigen presenting cells were identified in STAD, including RAI14 and NREP. The immune subtypes showed distinct molecular, cellular and clinical characteristics. IS1 and IS2 exhibited immune-activated phenotypes and correlated to better survival compared to IS3, while IS3 tumors was immunologically cold. Immunogenic cell death modulators, immune checkpoints, and CA125, and CEA were also differentially expressed among the three immune subtypes. Finally, the immune landscape of STAD showed a high degree of heterogeneity between individual patients. Conclusion: RAI14 and NREP are potential antigens for developing anti-STAD mRNA vaccine, and patients with IS1 and IS3 tumors may be suitable for vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxun Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinshui Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The 991st Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of People’s Liberation Army, Hubei, China
| | - Xinxing Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xinxing Li, ; Zhiqian Hu,
| | - Zhiqian Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xinxing Li, ; Zhiqian Hu,
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7
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Wang J, Shang R, Yang J, Liu Z, Chen Y, Chen C, Zheng W, Tang Y, Zhang X, Hu X, Huang Y, Shen HM, Luo G, He W. P311 promotes type II transforming growth factor-β receptor mediated fibroblast activation and granulation tissue formation in wound healing. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac027. [PMID: 37469904 PMCID: PMC9562783 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Background P311, a highly conserved 8 kDa intracellular protein, has recently been reported to play an important role in aggravating hypertrophic scaring by promoting the differentiation and secretion of fibroblasts. Nevertheless, how P311 regulates the differentiation and function of fibroblasts to affect granulation tissue formation remains unclear. In this work, we studied the underlying mechanisms via which P311 affects fibroblasts and promotes acute skin wound repair. Methods To explore the role of P311, both in vitro and in vivo wound-healing models were used. Full-thickness skin excisional wounds were made in wild-type and P311-/- C57 adult mice. Wound healing rate, re-epithelialization, granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition were measured at days 3, 6 and 9 after skin injury. The biological phenotypes of fibroblasts, the expression of target proteins and relevant signaling pathways were examined both in vitro and in vivo. Results P311 could promote the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts, enhance the ability of myofibroblasts to secrete extracellular matrix and promote cell contraction, and then facilitate the formation of granulation tissue and eventually accelerate skin wound closure. Importantly, we discovered that P311 acts via up-regulating the expression of type II transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGF-βRII) in fibroblasts and promoting the activation of the TGF-βRII-Smad signaling pathway. Mechanistically, the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway is closely implicated in the regulation of the TGF-βRII-Smad pathway in fibroblasts mediated by P311. Conclusions P311 plays a critical role in activation of the TGF-βRII-Smad pathway to promote fibroblast proliferation and differentiation as well as granulation tissue formation in the process of skin wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiacai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yunxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenxia Zheng
- Department of Technical Support, Chengdu Zhijing Technology Co.,
Ltd, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Academy of Biological Engineering, Chongqing University,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn
Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical
University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics,
Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Correspondence. Weifeng He, ;
Gaoxing Luo, ; Han-ming Shen,
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Correspondence. Weifeng He, ;
Gaoxing Luo, ; Han-ming Shen,
| | - Weifeng He
- Correspondence. Weifeng He, ;
Gaoxing Luo, ; Han-ming Shen,
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8
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NREP is a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker, and Promotes Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation and Angiogenesis. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:669-686. [PMID: 36094607 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal regeneration related protein (NREP), also known as P311, has been reported to participate in multiple biological processes. The detection of tumor biomarker favored a non-invasive early entry for cancer diagnosis and disease monitoring to prevent its worsening symptoms. This study is intended to investigate the clinical roles of NREP in gastric cancer (GC) and its effect on gastric cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Our results demonstrated that NREP was typically upregulated in GC tissues compared with normal control. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed correlations between increased NREP level and poor survival, indicating the prognostic value of NREP in GC patients. The expression levels of NREP varied by races, clinical T stages, and histologic grades. NREP expression was associated with tumor-associated immune infiltration. The NREP expression was powerfully associated with clinical characteristics of GC patients, in particular, with T stage and histologic grade. Gene ontology and KEGG signaling analysis indicated that NREP-related genes were predominantly enriched in various pathways. Additionally, knockdown of NREP inhibited human gastric adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Collectively, our results suggested that NREP may be an excellent biomarker for the clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of GC.
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Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are of fundamental importance for post-transcriptional gene regulation and protein synthesis. They are required for pre-mRNA processing and for RNA transport, degradation and translation into protein, and can regulate every step in the life cycle of their RNA targets. In addition, RBP function can be modulated by RNA binding. RBPs also participate in the formation of ribonucleoprotein complexes that build up macromolecular machineries such as the ribosome and spliceosome. Although most research has focused on mRNA-binding proteins, non-coding RNAs are also regulated and sequestered by RBPs. Functional defects and changes in the expression levels of RBPs have been implicated in numerous diseases, including neurological disorders, muscular atrophy and cancers. RBPs also contribute to a wide spectrum of kidney disorders. For example, human antigen R has been reported to have a renoprotective function in acute kidney injury (AKI) but might also contribute to the development of glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and diabetic kidney disease (DKD), loss of bicaudal C is associated with cystic kidney diseases and Y-box binding protein 1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of AKI, DKD and glomerular disorders. Increasing data suggest that the modulation of RBPs and their interactions with RNA targets could be promising therapeutic strategies for kidney diseases.
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Osokine I, Siewiera J, Rideaux D, Ma S, Tsukui T, Erlebacher A. Gene silencing by EZH2 suppresses TGF-β activity within the decidua to avert pregnancy-adverse wound healing at the maternal-fetal interface. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110329. [PMID: 35108527 PMCID: PMC8833843 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A little-appreciated feature of early pregnancy is that embryo implantation and placental outgrowth do not evoke wound-healing responses in the decidua, the specialized endometrial tissue that surrounds the conceptus. Here, we provide evidence that this phenomenon is partly due to an active program of gene silencing mediated by EZH2, a histone methyltransferase that generates repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethyl (H3K27me3) histone marks. We find that pregnancies in mice with EZH2-deficient decidual stromal cells frequently fail by mid-gestation, with the decidua showing ectopic myofibroblast formation, peri-embryonic collagen deposition, and gene expression profiles associated with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-driven fibroblast activation and fibrogenic extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Analogous responses are observed when the mutant decidua is surgically wounded, while blockade of TGF-β receptor signaling inhibits the defects and improves reproductive outcomes. Together, these results highlight a critical feature of reproductive success and have implications for the context-specific control of TGF-β-mediated wound-healing responses elsewhere in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Osokine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Johan Siewiera
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Damon Rideaux
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Stephany Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Tatsuya Tsukui
- Lung Biology Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Adrian Erlebacher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA; Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Bakar ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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11
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Jamieson SE, Fakiola M, Tang D, Scaman E, Syn G, Francis RW, Coates HL, Anderson D, Lassmann T, Cordell HJ, Blackwell JM. Common and Rare Genetic Variants That Could Contribute to Severe Otitis Media in an Australian Aboriginal Population. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:1860-1870. [PMID: 33693626 PMCID: PMC8599203 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our goal was to identify genetic risk factors for severe otitis media (OM) in Aboriginal Australians. METHODS Illumina® Omni2.5 BeadChip and imputed data were compared between 21 children with severe OM (multiple episodes chronic suppurative OM and/or perforations or tympanic sclerosis) and 370 individuals without this phenotype, followed by FUnctional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA). Exome data filtered for common (EXaC_all ≥ 0.1) putative deleterious variants influencing protein coding (CADD-scaled scores ≥15] were used to compare 15 severe OM cases with 9 mild cases (single episode of acute OM recorded over ≥3 consecutive years). Rare (ExAC_all ≤ 0.01) such variants were filtered for those present only in severe OM. Enrichr was used to determine enrichment of genes contributing to pathways/processes relevant to OM. RESULTS FUMA analysis identified 2 plausible genetic risk loci for severe OM: NR3C1 (Pimputed_1000G = 3.62 × 10-6) encoding the glucocorticoid receptor, and NREP (Pimputed_1000G = 3.67 × 10-6) encoding neuronal regeneration-related protein. Exome analysis showed: (i) association of severe OM with variants influencing protein coding (CADD-scaled ≥ 15) in a gene-set (GRXCR1, CDH23, LRP2, FAT4, ARSA, EYA4) enriched for Mammalian Phenotype Level 4 abnormal hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology and related phenotypes; (ii) rare variants influencing protein coding only seen in severe OM provided gene-sets enriched for "abnormal ear" (LMNA, CDH23, LRP2, MYO7A, FGFR1), integrin interactions, transforming growth factor signaling, and cell projection phenotypes including hair cell stereociliary bundles and cilium assembly. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights interacting genes and pathways related to cilium structure and function that may contribute to extreme susceptibility to OM in Aboriginal Australian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra E Jamieson
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | | | - Dave Tang
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Elizabeth Scaman
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Genevieve Syn
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Richard W Francis
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Harvey L Coates
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Denise Anderson
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Timo Lassmann
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jenefer M Blackwell
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
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12
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Liu YJ, Zeng SH, Hu YD, Zhang YH, Li JP. Overexpression of NREP Promotes Migration and Invasion in Gastric Cancer Through Facilitating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:746194. [PMID: 34746143 PMCID: PMC8565479 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.746194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for gastric cancer (GC), the most common cause of cancer-related deaths around the world, is currently a major focus area in research. Here, we examined the utility of Neuronal Regeneration Related Protein (NREP) as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC. We assessed the clinical relevance, function, and molecular role of NREP in GC using bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Our results showed that in GC, NREP overexpression was significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Our findings also suggested that NREP may be involved in the activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), with transforming growth factor β1 mediating both processes. In addition, NREP expression showed a positive correlation with the abundance of M2 macrophages, which are potent immunosuppressors. Together, these results indicate that NREP is overexpressed in GC and affects GC prognosis. Thus, NREP could be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Jie Liu
- Department of Oncology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu-Hong Zeng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Dou Hu
- Department of Oncology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie-Pin Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China.,No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Urolithin A attenuates renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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14
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Li L, Lee J, Cho A, Kim JH, Ju W, An JN, Park JH, Zhu SM, Lee J, Yu SS, Lim CS, Kim DK, Kim YS, Yang SH, Lee JP. cMet agonistic antibody prevents acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition by suppressing Smurf1 and activating Smad7. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1427-1444. [PMID: 34061176 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the role of cMet agonistic antibody (cMet Ab) in preventing kidney fibrosis during acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition. Additionally, we explored the effect of cMet Ab on TGF-β1/Smad pathway during the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis. A unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) mouse model was established to induce AKI-to-CKD transition. Furthermore, we incubated human proximal tubular epithelial cells (hPTECs) under hypoxic conditions as in vitro model of kidney fibrosis. We analyzed the soluble plasma cMet level in patients with AKI requiring dialysis. Patients who did not recover kidney function and progressed to CKD presented a higher increase in the cMet level. The kidneys of mice treated with cMet Ab showed fewer contractions and weighed more than the controls. The mice in the cMet Ab-treated group showed reduced fibrosis and significantly decreased expression of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin. cMet Ab treatment decreased inflammatory markers (MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β) expression, reduced Smurf1 and Smad2/3 level, and increased Smad7 expressions. cMet Ab treatment increased cMet expression and reduced the hypoxia-induced increase in collagen-1 and ICAM-1 expression, thereby reducing apoptosis in the in vitro cell model. After cMet Ab treatment, hypoxia-induced expression of Smurf1, Smad2/3, and TGF-β1 was reduced, and suppressed Smad7 was activated. Down-regulation of Smurf1 resulted in suppression of hypoxia-induced fibronectin expression, whereas treatment with cMet Ab showed synergistic effects. cMet Ab can successfully prevent fibrosis response in UIRI models of kidney fibrosis by decreasing inflammatory response and inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilin Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyuk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonmin Ju
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Nam An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi Mao Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghun Lee
- R&D Center of Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Shin Yu
- R&D Center of Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Kidney Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Kidney Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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15
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Gao Y, Yuan D, Gai L, Wu X, Shi Y, He Y, Liu C, Zhang C, Zhou G, Yuan C. Saponins from Panax japonicus ameliorate age-related renal fibrosis by inhibition of inflammation mediated by NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad signaling and suppression of oxidative stress via activation of Nrf2-ARE signaling. J Ginseng Res 2020; 45:408-419. [PMID: 34025134 PMCID: PMC8134850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The decreased renal function is known to be associated with biological aging, of which the main pathological features are chronic inflammation and renal interstitial fibrosis. In previous studies, we reported that total saponins from Panax japonicus (SPJs) can availably protect acute myocardial ischemia. We proposed that SPJs might have similar protective effects for aging-associated renal interstitial fibrosis. Thus, in the present study, we evaluated the overall effect of SPJs on renal fibrosis. Methods Sprague-Dawley (SD) aging rats were given SPJs by gavage beginning from 18 months old, at 10 mg/kg/d and 60 mg/kg/d, up to 24 months old. After the experiment, changes in morphology, function and fibrosis of their kidneys were detected. The levels of serum uric acid (UA), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and cystatin C (Cys C) were assayed with ELISA kits. The levels of extracellular matrix (ECM), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), inflammatory factors and changes of oxidative stress parameters were examined. Results After SPJs treatment, SD rats showed significantly histopathological changes in kidneys accompanied by decreased renal fibrosis and increased renal function; As compared with those in 3-month group, the levels of serum UA, Cys C and β2-MG in 24-month group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with those in the 24-month group, the levels of serum UA, Cys C and β2-MG in the SPJ-H group were significantly decreased. While ECM was reduced and the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased, the levels of TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling were decreased; the expression level of phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) was down-regulated with reduced inflammatory factors; meanwhile, the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) signaling was aggrandized. Conclusion These results suggest that SPJs treatment can improve age-associated renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad, NFκB signaling pathways and activating Nrf2-ARE signaling pathways and that SPJs can be a potentially valuable anti-renal fibrosis drug.
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Key Words
- ARE, antioxidant response element
- Aging
- COX2, cyclooxygenase-2
- Cys C, cystatin C
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- HO-1, human heme oxygenase 1
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- IκB, inhibitor of NF-κB
- LPO, lipid peroxides
- MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-B
- NQO1, recombinant NADH dehydrogenase quinone 1
- Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
- Nrf2-ARE signaling pathways
- PJ, Panax japonicas
- Renal fibrosis
- SD, Sprague-Dawley
- SPJ-H, high-dose of SPJ
- SPJ-L, low-dose of SPJ
- SPJs, saponins from panax japonicus
- TGF-β1, tumor growth factor-β1
- TGF-β1/Smad
- TIMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- Total saponins of panax japonicus
- UA, uric acid
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle aorta
- β2-MG, β2-microglobulin
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Liyue Gai
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xuelian Wu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yue Shi
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yumin He
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Chaoqi Liu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Changcheng Zhang
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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16
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Liu Y, Zhou X, Hu N, Wang C, Zhao L. P311 regulates distal lung development via its interaction with several binding proteins. Mech Dev 2020; 163:103633. [PMID: 32682987 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2020.103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying alveolar development. P311, a putative neuronal protein originally identified for its high expression during neuronal development, has once been reported to play a potential role in distal lung generation. However, the function of this protein has been poorly understood so far. Hence, we carried out a yeast two-hybrid screen, combining with other protein-protein interaction experiments, to isolate several binding partners of P311 during lung development, which may help us explore its function. We report 7 proteins here, including Gal-1, Loxl-1 and SPARC, etc, that can interact with it. Most of them have similar spatio-temporal expression patterns to P311. In addition, it was also found that P311 could stimulate their expression indirectly in L929 mouse fibroblast. Besides, computational methods were applied to construct a P311 centered protein-protein interaction network during alveolarization, using the 7 binding partners and their protein interaction information provided by public data resources. By analyzing the structure and function of this network, the effects of P311 on lung development were further clarified and all of the bioinformatic predictions from the network could be validated by real experiments. We have found here that P311 can control lung redox events, extracellular matrix and cell cycle progression, which are all crucial to pulmonary morphogenesis. This gives us a novel thought to explore the mechanisms controlling alveolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaohai Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Naiyue Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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17
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Du Y, Yang YT, Tang G, Jia JS, Zhu N, Yuan WJ. Butyrate alleviates diabetic kidney disease by mediating the miR-7a-5p/P311/TGF-β1 pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:10462-10475. [PMID: 32539181 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000431r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that butyrate played an protect role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) while the mechanism was still not clear. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is the initial factor which triggers the profibrotic signaling cascades. P311 is an RNA-binding protein, which could stimulate TGF-β1 translation in several cell types. In our study, we found that supplementary of butyrate alleviated fibrosis and suppressed the expression of TGF-β1 and P311 in the kidney of db/db mice as well as high glucose (HG)-induced SV40-MES-13 cells. Overexpression of P311 offset the inhibition of butyrate on TGF-β1 in SV40-MES-13 cells. To make clear the mechanism of butyrate in regulating P311, microRNAs (miRNAs) of the SV40-MES-13 cells were sequenced. We found that miR-7a-5p was significantly decreased in the HG-induced SV40-MES-13 cells and the kidney of db/db mice, while giving butyrate reversed this change. Besides, miR-7a-5p could specifically target the 3' UTR of P311's mRNA and suppressed the expression of P311 in the SV40-MES-13 cells. Giving miR-7a-5p inhibitor blocked the inhibition of butyrate on P311 and TGF-β1. Introducing the miR-7a-5p agomir into db/db mice alleviated renal fibrosis and inhibit the expression of P311 and TGF-β1. In conclusion, butyrate alleviated DKD by mediating the miR-7a-5p/P311/TGF-β1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Du
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Tong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Gang Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Shuang Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Jie Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Sun H, Ke C, Zhang L, Tian C, Zhang Z, Wu S. Long Non-Coding RNA (LncRNA)-ATB Promotes Inflammation, Cell Apoptosis and Senescence in Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) Induced Human Kidney 2 (HK-2) Cells via TGFβ/SMAD2/3 Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922029. [PMID: 32447340 PMCID: PMC7265746 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Renal fibrosis occurs in the end-stage of all chronic kidney disease. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a central contributor in fibrosis. Identifying effective biomarkers that targets TGF-β1 is necessary for the development of therapeutic agents for kidney disease. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA)-ATB in TGF-β1 induced human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells. Material/Methods We investigated the effects of either overexpression or knockdown of LncRNA-ATB on inflammation, cell apoptosis, and senescence in TGF-β1 induced HK-2 cells. TGF-β1 induced HK-2 cells served as the cell model. The gene level was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and protein expressions by western blot. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed for assessment of cell viability. Flow cytometry was applied for detection of cell apoptosis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were measured by corresponding kits. Results LncRNA-ATB was highly expressed in TGF-β1 induced HK-2 cells. Inflammation, cell apoptosis, and senescence were enhanced by TGF-β1 and these effects were all reduced by knockdown of LncRNA-ATB. Whereas overexpression of LncRNA-ATB had the opposite effects with knockdown of LncRNA-ATB. The TGFβ/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway was activated by TGF-β1 and this effect was further enhanced by LncRNA-ATB overexpression. Silencing LncRNA-ATB inhibited the TGFβ/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway in TGF-β1 induced cells. The effects of LncRNA-ATB overexpression aforementioned in TGF-β1 induced cells were abolished by blockage of the TGFβ/S0MAD2/3 signaling pathway. Conclusions LncRNA-ATB overexpression have promoting effects on inflammation, cell apoptosis and senescence in TGF-β1 induced HK-2 cells via activating the TGFβ/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. LncRNA-ATB act as a key downstream mediator via activating the TGFβ/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway and silencing LncRNA-ATB might be a new strategy for chronic kidney disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Cong Ke
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Changjun Tian
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Shuhua Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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19
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De Jesus DF, Orime K, Kaminska D, Kimura T, Basile G, Wang CH, Haertle L, Riemens R, Brown NK, Hu J, Männistö V, Silva AM, Dirice E, Tseng YH, Haaf T, Pihlajamäki J, Kulkarni RN. Parental metabolic syndrome epigenetically reprograms offspring hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2391-2407. [PMID: 32250344 PMCID: PMC7190992 DOI: 10.1172/jci127502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. Although gene-environment interactions have been implicated in the etiology of several disorders, the impact of paternal and/or maternal metabolic syndrome on the clinical phenotypes of offspring and the underlying genetic and epigenetic contributors of NAFLD have not been fully explored. To this end, we used the liver-specific insulin receptor knockout (LIRKO) mouse, a unique nondietary model manifesting 3 hallmarks that confer high risk for the development of NAFLD: hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. We report that parental metabolic syndrome epigenetically reprograms members of the TGF-β family, including neuronal regeneration-related protein (NREP) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). NREP and GDF15 modulate the expression of several genes involved in the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. In particular, NREP downregulation increases the protein abundance of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) and ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) in a TGF-β receptor/PI3K/protein kinase B-dependent manner, to regulate hepatic acetyl-CoA and cholesterol synthesis. Reduced hepatic expression of NREP in patients with NAFLD and substantial correlations between low serum NREP levels and the presence of steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis highlight the clinical translational relevance of our findings in the context of recent preclinical trials implicating ACLY in NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F. De Jesus
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Kazuki Orime
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dorota Kaminska
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giorgio Basile
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Larissa Haertle
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Renzo Riemens
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Natalie K. Brown
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jiang Hu
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ville Männistö
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, and
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ercument Dirice
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rohit N. Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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20
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Wei Y, Wu Y, Feng K, Zhao Y, Tao R, Xu H, Tang Y. Astragaloside IV inhibits cardiac fibrosis via miR-135a-TRPM7-TGF-β/Smads pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112404. [PMID: 31739105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cardiac fibrosis is a common characteristic of many cardiac diseases. Our previous results showed that TRPM7 channel played an important role in the fibrosis process. MicroRNA-135a was reported to get involved in the fibrotic process. Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge was widely used in Chinese traditional medicine and showed cardiac protective effects in previous researches. Astragaloside IV(ASG), which is regarded as the most important ingredient of Astragalus, has been showed the effect of cardiac protection via various mechanisms, while no data suggested its action related to miRNAs regulation. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this article is to investigate the inhibition effect of ASG on cardiac fibrosis through the miR-135a-TRPM7-TGF-β/Smads pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted the active components from herb according to the paper and measured the content of ASG from the mixture via HPLC. The inhibition potency of cardiac hypertrophy between total extract of Astragalus and ASG was compared. SD rats were treated with ISO (5 mg/kg/day) subcutaneously (s.c.) for 14 days, ASG (10 mg/kg/d) and Astragalus extract (AE) (4.35 g/kg/d, which contained about ASG 10 mg) were given p.o. from the 6th day of the modeling. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) of neonatal rats were incubated with ISO (10 μM) and treated with ASG (10 μM) simultaneously for 24 h. RESULTS The results showed that both AE and ASG treatment reduced the TRPM7 expression from the gene level and inhibited cardiac fibrosis. ASG group showed similar potency as the AE mixture. ASG treatment significantly decreased the current, mRNA and protein expression of TRPM7 which was one of targets of miR-135a. The activation of TGF-β/Smads pathway was suppressed and the expression of α-SMA and Collagen I were also decreased obviously. In addition, our results showed that there was a positive feedback between the activation of TGF-β/Smads pathway and the elevation of TRPM7, both of which could promote the development of myocardial fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS AE had the effect of cardiac fibrosis inhibition and decreased the mRNA expression of TRPM7. ASG, as one of the effective ingredients of AE, showed the same potency when given the same dose. ASG inhibited cardiac fibrosis by targeting the miR-135a-TRPM7-TGF-β/Smads pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Wei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kai Feng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yizhuo Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ru Tao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haonan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yiqun Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China.
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21
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Zhao C, Li G, Li J. Non-coding RNAs and Cardiac Aging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1229:247-258. [PMID: 32285416 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1671-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Aging increasing the morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease patients. With the society is aging rapidly in the world, medical burden of aging-related cardiovascular diseases increasing drastically. Hence, it is urgent to explore the underlying mechanism and treatment of cardiac aging. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs and circular RNAs) have been reported to be involved in many pathological processes, including cell proliferation, cell death differentiation, hypertrophy and aging in wide variety of cells and tissues. In this chapter, we will summarize the physiology and molecular mechanisms of cardiac aging. Then, the recent research advances of ncRNAs in cardiac aging will be provided. The lessons learned from ncRNAs and cardiac aging studies would bring new insights into the regulatory mechanisms ncRNAs as well as treatment of aging-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Duan FF, Barron G, Meliton A, Mutlu GM, Dulin NO, Schuger L. P311 Promotes Lung Fibrosis via Stimulation of Transforming Growth Factor-β1, -β2, and -β3 Translation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:221-231. [PMID: 30230348 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0028oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung fibrosis, a frequently idiopathic and fatal disease, has been linked to the increased expression of profibrotic transforming growth factor (TGF)-βs. P311 is an RNA-binding protein that stimulates TGF-β1, -β2, and -β3 translation in several cell types through its interaction with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3b. We report that P311 is switched on in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and in the mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. To assess the in vivo role of P311 in lung fibrosis, BLM was instilled into the lungs of P311-knockout mice, in which fibrotic changes were significantly decreased in tandem with a reduction in TGF-β1, -β2, and -β3 concentration/activity compared with BLM-treated wild-type mice. Complementing these findings, forced P311 expression increased TGF-β concentration/activity in mouse and human lung fibroblasts, thereby leading to an activated phenotype with increased collagen production, as seen in IPF. Consistent with a specific effect of P311 on TGF-β translation, TGF-β1-, -β2-, and -β3-neutralizing antibodies downregulated P311-induced collagen production by lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, treatment of BLM-exposed P311 knockouts with recombinant TGF-β1, -β2, and -β3 induced pulmonary fibrosis to a degree similar to that found in BLM-treated wild-type mice. These studies demonstrate the essential function of P311 in TGF-β-mediated lung fibrosis. Targeting P311 could prove efficacious in ameliorating the severity of IPF while circumventing the development of autoimmune complications and toxicities associated with the use of global TGF-β inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angelo Meliton
- 2 Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gokhan M Mutlu
- 2 Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nickolai O Dulin
- 2 Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
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23
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Lagares D. P311 in Scar Wars: Myofibroblasts Lost without Transforming Growth Factor β Translation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:139-140. [PMID: 30277809 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0255ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Lagares
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine.,2 Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases.,3 Andy Tager Fibrosis Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts and.,4 Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Wang S, Zhang X, Hao F, Li Y, Sun C, Zhan R, Wang Y, He W, Li H, Luo G. Reconstruction and Functional Annotation of P311 Protein-Protein Interaction Network Reveals Its New Functions. Front Genet 2019; 10:109. [PMID: 30838032 PMCID: PMC6390203 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
P311 is a highly conserved multifunctional protein. However, it does not belong to any established family of proteins, and its biological function has not been entirely determined. This study aims to reveal the unknown molecular and cellular function of P311. OCG (Overlapping Cluster Generator) is a clustering method used to partition a protein-protein network into overlapping clusters. Multifunctional proteins are at the intersection of relevant clusters. DAVID is an analytic tool used to extract biological meaning from a large protein list. Here we presented OD2 (OCG + DAVID + 2 human PPI datasets), a novel strategy to increase the likelihood to identify biological functions most pertinent to the multifunctional proteins. The principle of OD2 is that OCG prepares the protein lists from multifunctional protein relevant overlapping clusters, for a functional enrichment analysis by DAVID, and the similar functional enrichments, which occurs simultaneously when analyzing two human PPI datasets, are supposed to be the predicted functions. By applying OD2 to two reconstructed human PPI datasets, we supposed the function of the P311 in inflammatory responses, cell proliferation and coagulation, which were confirmed by the following biological experiments. Collectively, our study preliminarily found that P311 could play a role in inflammatory responses, cell proliferation and coagulation. Further studies are required to validate and elucidate the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fen Hao
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory Center of Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Sun
- The Sixth Resignation Cadre Sanatorium of Shandong Province Military Region, Qingdao, China
| | - Rixing Zhan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haisheng Li
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,The 324th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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25
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Li H, Wang Y, Chen B, Shi J. Retracted Article: TMEM88 inhibits fibrosis in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells by suppressing the transforming growth factor-β1/Smad signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6928-6934. [PMID: 35518485 PMCID: PMC9061109 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10369k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protein 88 (TMEM88) belongs to a member of the TMEM family, and was reported to be involved in fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Li
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- China
| | - Yunqian Wang
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- China
| | - Baoping Chen
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Nephrology
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University
- Kaifeng 475000
- China
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26
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Deshpande NP, Riordan SM, Castaño-Rodríguez N, Wilkins MR, Kaakoush NO. Signatures within the esophageal microbiome are associated with host genetics, age, and disease. MICROBIOME 2018; 6:227. [PMID: 30558669 PMCID: PMC6297961 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The esophageal microbiome has been proposed to be involved in a range of diseases including the esophageal adenocarcinoma cascade; however, little is currently known about its function and relationship to the host. Here, the esophageal microbiomes of 106 prospectively recruited patients were assessed using 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing as well as shotgun sequencing, and associations with age, gender, proton pump inhibitor use, host genetics, and disease were tested. RESULTS The esophageal microbiome was found to cluster into functionally distinct community types (esotypes) defined by the relative abundances of Streptococcus and Prevotella. While age was found to be a significant factor driving microbiome composition, bacterial signatures and functions such as enrichment with Gram-negative oral-associated bacteria and microbial lactic acid production were associated with the early stages of the esophageal adenocarcinoma cascade. Non-bacterial microbes such as archaea, Candida spp., and bacteriophages were also identified in low abundance in the esophageal microbiome. Specific host SNPs in NOTCH2, STEAP2-AS1, and NREP were associated with the composition of the esophageal microbiome in our cohort. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the most comprehensive assessment of the esophageal microbiome to date and identifies novel signatures and host markers that can be investigated further in the context of esophageal adenocarcinoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandan P Deshpande
- Systems Biology Initiative, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen M Riordan
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | | | - Marc R Wilkins
- Systems Biology Initiative, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Ramaciotti Centre for Gene Function Analysis, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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27
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Stradiot L, Mannaerts I, van Grunsven LA. P311, Friend, or Foe of Tissue Fibrosis? Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1151. [PMID: 30369881 PMCID: PMC6194156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
P311 was first identified by the group of Studler et al. (1993) in the developing brain. In healthy, but mainly in pathological tissues, P311 is implicated in cell migration and proliferation. Furthermore, evidence in models of tissue fibrosis points to the colocalization with and the stimulation of transforming growth factor β1 by P311. This review provides a comprehensive overview on P311 and discusses its potential as an anti-fibrotic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Stradiot
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Mannaerts
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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28
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Ma Z, Wei Q, Zhang M, Chen JK, Dong Z. Dicer deficiency in proximal tubules exacerbates renal injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis and upregulates Smad2/3. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F1822-F1832. [PMID: 30280598 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00402.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological feature in chronic kidney disease (CKD), including diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and obstructive nephropathy. Multiple microRNAs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of both DKD and obstructive nephropathy, although the overall role of microRNAs in tubular injury and renal fibrosis in CKD is unclear. Dicer (a key RNase III enzyme for microRNA biogenesis) was specifically ablated from kidney proximal tubules in mice via the Cre-lox system to deplete micoRNAs. Proximal tubular Dicer knockout (PT- Dicer KO) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to streptozotocin (STZ) treatment to induce DKD or unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to induce obstructive nephropathy. Renal hypertrophy, renal tubular apoptosis, kidney inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were examined. Compared with WT mice, PT- Dicer KO mice showed more severe tubular injury and renal inflammation following STZ treatment. These mice also developed higher levels of tubolointerstitial fibrosis. Meanwhile, PT- Dicer KO mice had a significantly higher Smad2/3 expression in kidneys than WT mice (at 6 mo of age) in both control and STZ-treated mice. Similarly, UUO induced more severe renal injury, inflammation, and interstitial fibrosis in PT- Dicer KO mice than WT. Although we did not detect obvious Smad2/3 expression in sham-operated mice (2-3 mo old), significantly more Smad2/3 was induced in obstructed PT- Dicer KO kidneys. These results supported a protective role of Dicer-dependent microRNA synthesis in renal injury and fibrosis development in CKD, specifically in DKD and obstructive nephropathy. Depletion of Dicer and microRNAs may upregulate Smad2/3-related signaling pathway to enhance the progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Ma
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jian-Kang Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Augusta, Georgia
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Amelioratory Effects of Testosterone Propionate on Age-related Renal Fibrosis via Suppression of TGF-β1/Smad Signaling and Activation of Nrf2-ARE Signaling. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10726. [PMID: 30013094 PMCID: PMC6048025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen plays a pivotal role in the progression of renal fibrosis. However, whether exogenous androgen treatment to aged male rats can improve the age-related renal fibrosis was not explored. In our study, the changes of morphological structure, renal fibrosis, ultrastructure and renal function, the expressions of extracellular matrix (ECM), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and its tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), the expressions of tumor growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling and oxidative stress parameters as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) signaling were tested in kidney of aged male Wistar rats after subcutaneous testosterone propionate (TP, 2 mg/kg/d, 84-day) injection. Aged rats showed significantly renal histopathological changes, increased renal fibrosis, increased thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and the Bowman’s capsule basement membrane, declined renal functional, increased ECM, lower expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and higher expressions of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in renal tissues and higher expressions of TGF-β1/Smad signaling, as well as lower expressions of Nrf2-ARE signaling compared to young rats. TP treatment significantly improved age-related above indexes. These results suggested that TP supplement may alleviate age-related renal fibrosis via suppression of TGF-β1/Smad signaling and activation of Nrf2-ARE signaling in aged rats.
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30
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Qi FH, Cai PP, Liu X, Si GM. Adenovirus-mediated P311 ameliorates renal fibrosis through inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition via TGF-β1-Smad-ILK pathway in unilateral ureteral obstruction rats. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3015-3023. [PMID: 29436600 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical step and key factor during renal fibrosis. Preventing renal tubular EMT is important for delaying the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). P311, a highly conserved 8-kDa intracellular protein, has been indicated as an important factor in myofibroblast transformation and in the progression of fibrosis. However, the related studies on P311 on renal fibrosis are limited and the mechanisms of P311 in the progression of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis remain largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the effect of P311 on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-mediated EMT in a rat model of unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) renal fibrosis. The recombinant adenovirus p311 (also called Ad-P311) was constructed and transferred it into UUO rats, the preventive effect and possible mechanism of P311 on TGF-β1-mediated EMT were explored. The UUO model was established successfully and Ad-P311 was administered into UUO rats each week for 4 weeks, then the serum levels of Cr, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and albumin (ALB) were evaluated. H&E staining and Masson staining were performed to observe the pathological changes of kidneys. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis were used to examine the EMT markers [E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)], and signal transducers (p-Smad2/3 and Smad7). Integrin linked kinase (ILK) as a keyintracellular mediator that controls TGF-β1-mediated-EMT was also assayed by western blot analysis. The results showed that P311 could alleviate renal tubular damage and interstitial fibrosis improving Cr, BUN and ALB serum levels in UUO kidneys. Furthermore, P311 attenuated TGF-β1-mediated EMT through Smad-ILK signaling pathway with an increase in α-SMA, pSmad2/3 and ILK expression, and a decrease in E-cadherin and Smad7 expression in UUO kidneys. In conclusion, P311 may be involved in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis by blocking TGF-β1-mediated EMT via TGF-β1-Smad-ILK pathway in UUO kidneys. P311 may be a novel target for the control of renal fibrosis and the progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hua Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Ping Cai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Min Si
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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31
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Cai P, Liu X, Xu Y, Qi F, Si G. Shenqi detoxification granule combined with P311 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal fibrosis via TGF-β1-Smad-ILK pathway. Biosci Trends 2018; 11:640-650. [PMID: 29311449 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Shenqi detoxification granule (SDG), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has been shown to have nephroprotective and anti-fibrotic activities in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its mechanisms in renal fibrosis and the progression of CKD remain largely unknown. P311, a highly conserved 8-kDa intracellular protein, plays a key role in renal fibrosis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Previously, we found P311 might be involved in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis by inhibiting EMT via the TGF-β1-Smad-ILK pathway. We also found SDG combined with P311 could ameliorate renal fibrosis by regulating the expression of EMT markers. Here we further examined the effect and mechanism of SDG combined with P311 on TGF-β1-mediated EMT in a rat model of unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) renal fibrosis. After establishment of the UUO model successfully, the rats were gavaged with SDG daily and/or injected with recombinant adenovirus p311 (also called Ad-P311) through the tail vein each week for 4 weeks. Serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and albumin (ALB) levels were tested to observe renal function, and hematoxylin eosin (HE) and Masson staining were performed to observe kidney histopathology. Furthermore, the expression of EMT markers (E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)) and EMT-related molecules TGF-β1, pSmad2/3, Smad7 and ILK were observed using immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis. Treatment with SDG and P311 improved renal function and histopathological abnormalities, as well as reversing the changes of EMT markers and EMT-related molecules, which indicated SDG combined with P311 could attenuate renal fibrosis in UUO rats, and the underlying mechanism might involve TGF-β1-mediated EMT and the TGF-β1-Smad-ILK signaling pathway. Therefore, SDG might be a novel alternative therapy for treating renal fibrosis and delaying the progression of CKD. Furthermore, SDG combined with P311 might have a synergistic effect on attenuating renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Cai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Fanghua Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Guomin Si
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
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32
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Wang S, Zhang X, Qian W, Zhou D, Yu X, Zhan R, Wang Y, Wu J, He W, Luo G. P311 Deficiency Leads to Attenuated Angiogenesis in Cutaneous Wound Healing. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1004. [PMID: 29270129 PMCID: PMC5723677 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
P311 was identified to markedly promote cutaneous wound healing by our group. Angiogenesis plays a key role in wound healing. In this study, we sought to define the role of P311 in skin wound angiogenesis. It was noted that P311 was expressed in endothelial cells in the dermis of murine and human skin wounds. The expression of P311 was confirmed in cultured murine dermal microvascular endothelial cells (mDMECs). Moreover, it was found that knockout of P311 could attenuate the formation of tubes and motility of mDMECs significantly in vitro. In the subcutaneous Matrigel implant model, the angiogenesis was reduced significantly in P311 knockout mice. In addition, wound healing was delayed in P311 knockout mice compared with that in the wild type. Granulation tissue formation during the defective wound healing showed thinner and blood vessel numbers in wound areas in P311 knockout mice were decreased significantly. A reduction in VEGF and TGFβ1 was also found in P311 KO mice wounds, which implied that P311 may modulate the exprssion of VEGF and TGFβ1 in wound healing. Together, our findings suggest that P311 plays an important role in angiogenesis in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daijun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xunzhou Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rixing Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu J, Kumar S, Dolzhenko E, Alvarado GF, Guo J, Lu C, Chen Y, Li M, Dessing MC, Parvez RK, Cippà PE, Krautzberger AM, Saribekyan G, Smith AD, McMahon AP. Molecular characterization of the transition from acute to chronic kidney injury following ischemia/reperfusion. JCI Insight 2017; 2:94716. [PMID: 28931758 PMCID: PMC5612583 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Though an acute kidney injury (AKI) episode is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the mechanisms determining the transition from acute to irreversible chronic injury are not well understood. To extend our understanding of renal repair, and its limits, we performed a detailed molecular characterization of a murine ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) model for 12 months after injury. Together, the data comprising RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis at multiple time points, histological studies, and molecular and cellular characterization of targeted gene activity provide a comprehensive profile of injury, repair, and long-term maladaptive responses following IRI. Tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and development of multiple renal cysts were major long-term outcomes of IRI. Progressive proximal tubular injury tracks with de novo activation of multiple Krt genes, including Krt20, a biomarker of renal tubule injury. RNA-seq analysis highlights a cascade of temporal-specific gene expression patterns related to tubular injury/repair, fibrosis, and innate and adaptive immunity. Intersection of these data with human kidney transplant expression profiles identified overlapping gene expression signatures correlating with different stages of the murine IRI response. The comprehensive characterization of incomplete recovery after ischemic AKI provides a valuable resource for determining the underlying pathophysiology of human CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Egor Dolzhenko
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gregory F Alvarado
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jinjin Guo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Can Lu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yibu Chen
- Norris Medical Library, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Meng Li
- Norris Medical Library, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mark C Dessing
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Riana K Parvez
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pietro E Cippà
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Michaela Krautzberger
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gohar Saribekyan
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew D Smith
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andrew P McMahon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Tan J, Wu J. Current progress in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of burn scar contracture. BURNS & TRAUMA 2017; 5:14. [PMID: 28546987 PMCID: PMC5441009 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-017-0080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal wound healing is likely to induce scar formation, leading to dysfunction, deformity, and psychological trauma in burn patients. Despite the advancement of medical care treatment, scar contracture in burn patients remains a challenge. Myofibroblasts play a key role in scar contracture. It has been demonstrated that myofibroblasts, as well as inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells, secrete transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and other cytokines, which can promote persistent myofibroblast activation via a positive regulation loop. In addition to the cellular contribution, the microenvironments, including the mechanical tension and integrin family, are also involved in scar contracture. Most recently, eukaryotic initiation factor 6 (eIF6), an upstream regulator of TGF-β1, has been demonstrated to be involved in myofibroblast differentiation and contraction in both in vitro fibroblast-populated collagen lattice (FPCL) and in vivo external mechanical stretch models. Moreover, the data showed that P311 could induce the transdifferentiation of epidermal stem cells to myofibroblasts by upregulating TGF-β1 expression, which mediated myofibroblast contraction. In this review, we briefly described the most current progress on the biological function of myofibroblasts in scar contracture and subsequently summarized the molecular events that initiated contracture. This would help us better understand the molecular basis of scar contracture as well as to find a comprehensive strategy for preventing/managing scar contracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglin Tan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injuries, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Burns, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China
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Yao Z, Li H, He W, Yang S, Zhang X, Zhan R, Xu R, Tan J, Zhou J, Wu J, Luo G. P311 Accelerates Skin Wound Reepithelialization by Promoting Epidermal Stem Cell Migration Through RhoA and Rac1 Activation. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:451-460. [PMID: 27927130 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- People's Liberation Army Hospital 59, Kaiyuan, China
| | - Haisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rixing Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianglin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Cheng T, Yue M, Aslam MN, Wang X, Shekhawat G, Varani J, Schuger L. Neuronal Protein 3.1 Deficiency Leads to Reduced Cutaneous Scar Collagen Deposition and Tensile Strength due to Impaired Transforming Growth Factor-β1 to -β3 Translation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 187:292-303. [PMID: 27939132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal protein 3.1 (P311), a conserved RNA-binding protein, represents the first documented protein known to stimulate transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 to -β3 translation in vitro and in vivo. Because TGF-βs play critical roles in fibrogenesis, we initiated efforts to define the role of P311 in skin scar formation. Here, we show that P311 is up-regulated in skin wounds and in normal and hypertrophic scars. Genetic ablation of p311 resulted in a significant decrease in skin scar collagen deposition. Lentiviral transfer of P311 corrected the deficits, whereas down-regulation of P311 levels by lentiviral RNA interference reproduced the deficits seen in P311-/- mice. The decrease in collagen deposition resulted in scars with reduced stiffness but also reduced scar tensile strength. In vitro studies using murine and human dermal fibroblasts showed that P311 stimulated TGF-β1 to -β3 translation, a process that involved eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit b as a P311 binding partner. This resulted in increased TGF-β levels/activity and increased collagen production. In addition, P311 induced dermal fibroblast activation and proliferation. Finally, exogenous TGF-β1 to -β3, each restituted the normal scar phenotype. These studies demonstrate that P311 is required for the production of normal cutaneous scars and place P311 immediately up-stream of TGF-βs in the process of fibrogenesis. Conditions that decrease P311 levels could result in less tensile scars, which could potentially lead to higher incidence of dehiscence after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael Yue
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Aslam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Gajendra Shekhawat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - James Varani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lucia Schuger
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.
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Li H, Yao Z, He W, Gao H, Bai Y, Yang S, Zhang L, Zhan R, Tan J, Zhou J, Takata M, Wu J, Luo G. P311 induces the transdifferentiation of epidermal stem cells to myofibroblast-like cells by stimulating transforming growth factor β1 expression. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:175. [PMID: 27906099 PMCID: PMC5131552 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial to mesenchymal transition, especially to myofibroblasts, plays an important role in wound healing, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. Epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) are responsible for epidermal renewal and wound re-epithelialization. However, it remains unclear whether and how EpSCs transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts or myofibroblast-like cells (MFLCs). Here, we provide the first evidence showing that P311 induces EpSC to MFLC transdifferentiation (EpMyT) via TGFβ1/Smad signaling. Methods Wound healing and mesenchymal features were observed in the P311 KO and P311 WT mouse model of superficial second-degree burns. After the primary human or mouse EpSCs were forced to highly express P311 using an adenoviral vector, EpMyT was observed by immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and western blot. The activity of TGFβ1 and Smad2/3 in EpSCs with different P311 levels was observed by western blot. The TβRI/II inhibitor LY2109761 and Smad3 siRNA were applied to block the EpMyT in P311-overexpressing EpSCs and exogenous TGFβ1 was to restore the EpMyT in P311 KO EpSCs. Furthermore, the mechanism of P311 regulating TGFβ1 was investigated by bisulfite sequencing PCR, luciferase activity assay, and real-time PCR. Results P311 KO mouse wounds showed delayed re-epithelialization and reduced mesenchymal features. The human or mouse EpSCs with overexpressed P311 exhibited fusiform morphological changes, upregulated expression of myofibroblast markers (α-SMA and vimentin), and downregulated expression of EpSC markers (β1-integrin and E-cadherin). P311-expressing EpSCs showed decreased TGFβ1 mRNA and increased TGFβ1 protein, TβRI/II mRNA, and activated Smad2/3. Moreover, LY2109761 and Smad3 siRNA reversed P311-induced EpMyT. Under the stimulation of exogenous TGFβ1, the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in P311 KO EpSCs was significantly lower than that in P311 WT EpSCs and the EpMyT in P311 KO EpSCs was restored. Furthermore, P311 enhanced the methylation of TGFβ1 promoter and increased activities of TGFβ1 5′/3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) to stimulate TGFβ1 expression. P311+α-SMA+ cells and P311+vimentin+ cells were observed in the epidermis of human burn wounds. Also, P311 was upregulated by IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and hypoxia. Conclusions P311 is a novel TGFβ1/Smad signaling-mediated regulator of transdifferentiation in EpSCs during cutaneous wound healing. Furthermore, P311 might stimulate TGFβ1 expression by promoting TGFβ1 promoter methylation and by activating the TGFβ1 5′/3′ UTR. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0421-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Li
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihui Yao
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,People's Liberation Army Hospital 59, Kaiyuan, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Gao
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rixing Zhan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianglin Tan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyi Zhou
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Masao Takata
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jun Wu
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Involvement of eIF6 in external mechanical stretch-mediated murine dermal fibroblast function via TGF-β1 pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36075. [PMID: 27824055 PMCID: PMC5099925 DOI: 10.1038/srep36075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
External mechanical loading on a wound commonly increases fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been implicated in fibrosis in various models, including the mechanical force model. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Our previous experiments suggested that eukaryotic initiation factor 6 (eIF6) acted as a regulator of TGF-β1 expression, and negatively impact on collagen synthesis. Our current results showed that external mechanical stretching significantly increased COL1A1, TGF-β1 and eIF6 expression as well as dermal fibroblasts proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. eIF6 –deficient (eIF6+/−) cells exhibited significantly higher levels of COL1A1, and these levels increased further with external mechanical stretching, suggesting that mechanical stretching plays a synergistic role in promoting COL1A1 expression in eIF6+/− cells. Inhibition of TGFβR I/II by LY2109761 decreased COL1A1 protein expression in eIF6+/− dermal fibroblasts in a cell stretching model, and attenuated granulation tissue formation in partial thickness wounds of eIF6+/− mice. These data suggest that mechanical stretching has a synergistic role in the expression of COL1A1 in eIF6+/− cells, and is mediated by activation of TGFβRI/II. Taken together, our results indicate that eIF6 may be involved in external mechanical force-mediated murine dermal fibroblast function at least partly through the TGF-β1 pathway.
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New insights into salvianolic acid A action: Regulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 and TXNIP/ChREBP pathways ameliorates HFD-induced NAFLD in rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28734. [PMID: 27345365 PMCID: PMC4922017 DOI: 10.1038/srep28734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid A (SalA), one of the most efficacious polyphenol compounds extracted from Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), has been shown to possess many potential pharmacological activities. This study aimed to investigate whether SalA has hepatoprotective effects against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to further explore the mechanism underlying this process. SalA treatment significantly attenuated HFD-induced obesity and liver injury, and markedly decreased lipid accumulation in HFD-fed rat livers. Moreover, SalA treatment ameliorated HFD-induced hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress by decreasing hepatotoxic levels of cytokines, suppressing the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) and preventing the decreased expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Importantly, SalA reversed the HFD- or palmitic acid (PA)-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, the nuclear translocation of ChREBP and the up-regulation of FAS, and these effects were accompanied by TXNIP down-regulation. However, TXNIP siRNA treatment partially abrogated the above-mentioned effects of SalA in PA-treated HepG2 cells. Together, our results demonstrated, for the first time, that SalA protects against HFD-induced NAFLD by ameliorating hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation, and these protective effects may partially due to regulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 and TXNIP/ChREBP pathways.
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Wu Z, Yu Y, Niu L, Fei A, Pan S. IGF-1 protects tubular epithelial cells during injury via activation of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28066. [PMID: 27301852 PMCID: PMC4908659 DOI: 10.1038/srep28066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury of renal tubular epithelial cells can induce acute renal failure and obstructive nephropathy. Previous studies have shown that administration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) ameliorates the renal injury in a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model, whereas the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Here, we addressed this question. We found that the administration of IGF-1 significantly reduced the severity of the renal fibrosis in UUO. By analyzing purified renal epithelial cells, we found that IGF-1 significantly reduced the apoptotic cell death of renal epithelial cells, seemingly through upregulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, at protein but not mRNA level. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase-reporter assay showed that miR-429 targeted the 3'-UTR of Bcl-2 mRNA to inhibit its protein translation in renal epithelial cells. Moreover, IGF-1 suppressed miR-429 to increase Bcl-2 in renal epithelial cells to improve survival after UUO. Furthermore, inhibition of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in renal epithelial cells abolished the suppressive effects of IGF-1 on miR-429 activation, and then the enhanced effects on Bcl-2 in UUO. Thus, our data suggest that IGF-1 may protect renal tubular epithelial cells via activation of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway during renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengbin Wu
- Department of Emergency, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Emergency, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Niu
- Department of Emergency, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Aihua Fei
- Department of Emergency, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shuming Pan
- Department of Emergency, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College, Shanghai 200092, China
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