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Dar OA, Hashmi AA, Al-Bogami AS, Ahmad A, Wani MY. Heteroleptic cobalt complex augments antifungal activity with fluconazole and causes membrane disruption in Candida albicans. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11720-11735. [PMID: 38932585 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01209g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Heteroleptic metal complexes containing CuII, CoII, and ZnII, incorporating curcumin and a Schiff base ligand (L), were synthesized and characterized, and their antifungal activity was evaluated. Their antifungal activities were investigated individually and in combination with fluconazole. Utilizing various analytical techniques such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, NMR, ESI-MS, TGA-DTG, elemental analyses, conductance, and magnetic susceptibility measurements, complex C1 ([Cu(Cur)LCl(H2O)]) was assigned a distorted octahedral geometry, while complexes C2 ([Co(Cur)LCl(H2O)]) and C3 ([Zn(Cur)LCl(H2O)]) were assigned octahedral geometries. Among these complexes, C2 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against both FLC-susceptible and resistant strains of Candida albicans. Furthermore, C2 demonstrated candidicidal activity and synergistic interactions with fluconazole, effectively inhibiting the growth and survival of both FLC-resistant and FLC-sensitive C. albicans strains. The complex displayed a dose-dependent inhibition of drug efflux pumps in FLC-resistant C. albicans strains, indicating its potential to disrupt the cell membrane of these strains. The significant role of membrane efflux transporters in the development of antifungal drug resistance within Candida species has been extensively documented and our findings indicate that complex C2 specifically targets this crucial factor, thereby playing a pivotal role in mitigating drug resistance in C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovas Ahmad Dar
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Athar Adil Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Abdullah Saad Al-Bogami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aijaz Ahmad
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa.
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Bazuhair MA, Alsieni M, Abdullah H, Mokhtar JA, Attallah D, Abujamel TS, Alkuwaity KK, Niyazi HA, Niyazi HA, AbdulMajed H, Juma N, Al-Rabia MW, Alfadil A, Ibrahem K. The Combination of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol with Thymoquinone Demonstrates Synergistic Activity Against Different Candida Strains. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:2289-2298. [PMID: 38860227 PMCID: PMC11164204 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s464287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Candida is the primary cause of invasive fungal disease, candidiasis, especially in developed nations. The increasing resistance observed in multiple antibiotics, coupled with the prolonged process of creating new antibiotics from the ground up, emphasizes the urgent requirement for innovative methods and new compounds to combat Candida infections. Employing a treatment strategy that combines antibiotics can improve efficacy, broaden the spectrum of targeted fungal, and reduce the chances of resistance emergence. This approach shows potential in tackling the escalating problem of antibiotic resistance. The objective of this research is to explore the potential synergistic effects of combining 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and thymoquinone against a variety of Candida isolates. This investigation aims to offer an understanding of the collective antimicrobial action of these compounds. Methods Broth microdilution was utilized to assess the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and thymoquinone for 22 clinical Candida isolates. Following this, a checkerboard assay was employed to analyze the interaction between 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and thymoquinone, with a specific focus on the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI). Results The MICs of thymoquinone and 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol were determined for 22 clinical Candida strains, with thymoquinone exhibiting MICs ranging from 64 to 8 µg/mL, and 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol displaying MICs varying from 64 to 8 µg/mL. Notably, the combination of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and thymoquinone resulted in a synergistic effect, leading to a significant reduction in MICs, with reductions of up to 64-fold with FICI below 0.5 against tested strains. Conclusion The prospect of using 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol in combination with thymoquinone as an effective solution against Candida looks encouraging. Nevertheless, to validate its practical applicability, additional comprehensive testing and experiments are imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Bazuhair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Research Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsieni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Abdullah
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawahir A Mokhtar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalya Attallah
- Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki S Abujamel
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalil K Alkuwaity
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanouf A Niyazi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatoon A Niyazi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind AbdulMajed
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Juma
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed W Al-Rabia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelbagi Alfadil
- Centre of Research Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karem Ibrahem
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Liu Y, Ren F, Li S, Li X, Shi D, Zhang Z. N-Butylphthalide Potentiates the Effect of Fluconazole Against Drug-Resistant Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Evidence for Its Mechanism of Action. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:2017-2029. [PMID: 38800581 PMCID: PMC11127662 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s459378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To define the antifungal activity of n-butylphthalide alone or in combination with fluconazole in Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Methods The antifungal activity of n-butylphthalide alone and in combination with fluconazole was investigated by the classical broth microdilution method and the time-killing curve method. The QRT-PCR method was used to determine gene expressions changes of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, drug efflux pumps and drug target enzymes in Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis after n-butylphthalide treatment. Results The MIC values of n-butylphthalide against Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis ranged from 16 to 64 μg·mL-1. The FICI value of the combination of n-butylphthalide and fluconazole against drug-resistant Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis ranged from 0.5001 to 0.5315 with partial synergism. Time-killing curves showed that 256 μg·mL-1 n-butylphthalide significantly inhibited the growth of drug-resistant colonies of Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis, and 128 μg·mL-1 n-butylphthalide combined with 1 μg·mL-1 fluconazole had an additive effect. N-butylphthalide could alter the expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes COX1, COX2, COX3, and CYTB genes in Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis (P< 0.05) and downregulate the expression of the drug efflux pump genes CDR1 and CDR2 in drug-resistant Candida glabrata to 3.36% and 3.65%, respectively (P<0.001), but did not affect the drug target enzyme ERG11 in drug-resistant Candida tropicalis. Conclusion N-butylphthalide had antifungal activity against Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. N-butylphthalide improved the activity of fluconazole against drug-resistant Candida glabrata by affecting the expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme genes and reversing the high expression of drug efflux pump genes CDR1 and CDR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feifei Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongyan Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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Malec K, Mikołajczyk A, Marciniak D, Gawin-Mikołajewicz A, Matera-Witkiewicz A, Karolewicz B, Nawrot U, Khimyak YZ, Nartowski KP. Pluronic F-127 Enhances the Antifungal Activity of Fluconazole against Resistant Candida Strains. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:215-231. [PMID: 38109184 PMCID: PMC10795414 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Candida strains as the most frequent causes of infections, along with their increased drug resistance, pose significant clinical and financial challenges to the healthcare system. Some polymeric excipients were reported to interfere with the multidrug resistance mechanism. Bearing in mind that there are a limited number of marketed products with fluconazole (FLU) for the topical route of administration, Pluronic F-127 (PLX)/FLU formulations were investigated in this work. The aims of this study were to investigate (i) whether PLX-based formulations can increase the susceptibility of resistant Candida strains to FLU, (ii) whether there is a correlation between block polymer concentration and the antifungal efficacy of the FLU-loaded PLX formulations, and (iii) what the potential mode of action of PLX assisting FLU is. The yeast growth inhibition upon incubation with PLX formulations loaded with FLU was statistically significant. The highest efficacy of the azole agent was observed in the presence of 5.0 and 10.0% w/v of PLX. The upregulation of the CDR1/CDR2 genes was detected in the investigated Candida strains, indicating that the efflux of the drug from the fungal cell was the main mechanism of the resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Malec
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mikołajczyk
- Screening Biological Activity Assays and Collection of
Biological Material Laboratory, Wroclaw Medical University,
211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Marciniak
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gawin-Mikołajewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz
- Screening Biological Activity Assays and Collection of
Biological Material Laboratory, Wroclaw Medical University,
211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Karolewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Nawrot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and
Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str,
50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Yaroslav Z. Khimyak
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
- School of Pharmacy, University of East
Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, U.K.
| | - Karol P. Nartowski
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556
Wroclaw, Poland
- School of Pharmacy, University of East
Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, U.K.
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Li X, Kong B, Sun Y, Sun F, Yang H, Zheng S. Synergistic potential of teriflunomide with fluconazole against resistant Candida albicans in vitro and in vivo. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1282320. [PMID: 38169891 PMCID: PMC10758495 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1282320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Candida albicans is the primary cause of systemic candidiasis, which is involved in high morbidity and mortality. Drug resistance exacerbates these problems. In addition, there are limited antifungal drugs available. In order to solve these problems, combination therapy has aroused great interest. Teriflunomide is an immunosuppressant. In the present work, we aimed to identify whether teriflunomide can reverse the resistance of Candida albicans in the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole in vitro and in vivo. Methods Seven Candida albicans isolates were used in this study. Susceptibility of Candida albicans in vitro to the drugs was determined using a checkerboard microdilution assay in accordance with the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The effects of drugs on biofilm biomass of Candida albicans were determined by crystal violet staining. The development ability of Candida albicans hyphae was performed using a modified broth microdilution method. Galleria mellonella was used for testing the in vivo efficacy of the combination therapies. Results We found that the combination of teriflunomide (64 µg/mL) and fluconazole (0.5-1 µg/mL) has a significant synergistic effect in all resistant Candida albicans isolates (n=4). Also, this drug combination could inhibit the immature biofilm biomass and hyphae formation of resistant Candida albicans. Galleria mellonella was used for testing the in vivo efficacy of this combination therapies. As for the Galleria mellonella larvae infected by resistant Candida albicans, teriflunomide (1.6 µg/larvae) combined with fluconazole (1.6 µg/larvae) significantly increased their survival rates, and reduced the fungal burden, as well as damage of tissue in comparison to that in the control group or drug monotherapy group. Conclusion These results expand our knowledge about the antifungal potential of teriflunomide as an adjuvant of existing antifungal drugs, and also open new perspectives in the treatment of resistant Candida albicans based on repurposing clinically available nonantifungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Li
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Kong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yaqiong Sun
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fenghua Sun
- Radiology Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shicun Zheng
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Thamban Chandrika N, Green KD, Spencer AC, Tsodikov OV, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Discovery and development of novel substituted monohydrazides as potent antifungal agents. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1351-1361. [PMID: 37484566 PMCID: PMC10357949 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel substituted monohydrazides synthesized for this study displayed broad-spectrum activity against various fungal strains, including a panel of clinically relevant Candida auris strains. The activity of these compounds was either comparable or superior to amphotericin B against most of the fungal strains tested. These compounds possessed fungistatic activity in a time-kill assay and exhibited no mammalian cell toxicity. In addition, they prevented the formation of fungal biofilms. Even after repeated exposures, the Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (strain A) fungal strain did not develop resistance to these monohydrazides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishad Thamban Chandrika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington KY 40536-0596 USA
| | - Keith D Green
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington KY 40536-0596 USA
| | - Abbygail C Spencer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington KY 40536-0596 USA
| | - Oleg V Tsodikov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington KY 40536-0596 USA
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky 789 South Limestone Street Lexington KY 40536-0596 USA
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Kangabam N, Nethravathy V. An overview of opportunistic fungal infections associated with COVID-19. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:231. [PMID: 37309405 PMCID: PMC10257773 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 survivors and long-term steroid administered patients exhibit a variety of fungal co-infections. The lives of COVID-19 patients and survivors are hampered by fungal species of the genera Candida, Aspergillus, and Mucor. There have been cases of mucormycosis, aspergillosis, and candidiasis in COVID-19 patients. The treatments given to these opportunistic fungal infections include polyene like amphotericin B, azoles including imidazoles like ketoconazole, miconazole, and triazoles like fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, Echinocandin derivatives like- caspofungin, micafungin, immunomodulatory therapy, granulocyte transfusion, etc. A successful recovery and the reduction of fatalities depend on prompt diagnosis and treatment. To reduce mortality, advanced techniques to identify such uncommon infections at a very early stage are necessary. This review's goal is to provide a summary of the systemic and superficial opportunistic fungal infections that the COVID-19 survivors were dealing with, including information on illness incidence, pathogenicity, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navidita Kangabam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, , Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenehalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064 India
| | - V. Nethravathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, , Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenehalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064 India
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de-la-Fuente I, Guridi A, Jauregizar N, Eraso E, Quindós G, Sevillano E. In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Citral in Combination with Amphotericin B, Anidulafungin and Fluconazole against Candida auris Isolates. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:648. [PMID: 37367584 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen responsible for hospital outbreaks of invasive candidiasis associated with high mortality. The treatment of these mycoses is a clinical challenge due to the high resistance levels of this species to current antifungal drugs, and alternative therapeutic strategies are needed. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo activities of combinations of citral with anidulafungin, amphotericin B or fluconazole against 19 C. auris isolates. The antifungal effect of citral was in most cases similar to the effect of the antifungal drugs in monotherapy. The best combination results were obtained with anidulafungin, with synergistic and additive interactions against 7 and 11 of the 19 isolates, respectively. The combination of 0.06 μg/mL anidulafungin and 64 μg/mL citral showed the best results, with a survival rate of 63.2% in Caenorhabditis elegans infected with C. auris UPV 17-279. The combination of fluconazole with citral reduced the MIC of fluconazole from > 64 to 1-4 μg/mL against 12 isolates, and a combination of 2 μg/mL fluconazole and 64 μg/mL citral was also effective in reducing mortality in C. elegans. Amphotericin B combined with citral, although effective in vitro, did not improve the activity of each compound in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo de-la-Fuente
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Andrea Guridi
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nerea Jauregizar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Elena Eraso
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quindós
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Elena Sevillano
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Itraconazole-Loaded Ufasomes: Evaluation, Characterization, and Anti-Fungal Activity against Candida albicans. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010026. [PMID: 36678655 PMCID: PMC9862016 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous obstacles challenge the treatment of fungal infections, including the uprising resistance and the low penetration of available drugs. One of the main active agents against fungal infections is itraconazole (ITZ), with activity against a broad spectrum of fungi while having few side effects. The aim of this study was to design ufasomes, oleic acid-based colloidal carriers, that could encapsulate ITZ to improve its penetration power. Employing a 2231 factorial design, the effect of three independent factors (oleic acid amount, cholesterol concentration, and ITZ amount) was investigated and evaluated for the percentage encapsulation efficiency (%EE), particle size (PS), and zeta potential (ZP). Optimization was performed using Design® expert software and the optimized ITZ-loaded ufasomes obtained had %EE of 99.4 ± 0.7%, PS of 190 ± 1 nm, and ZP of -81.6 ± 0.4 mV, with spherical unilamellar morphology and no aggregation. An in vitro microbiological study was conducted to identify the minimum inhibitory concentration of the selected formula against Candida albicans, which was found to be 0.0625 μg/mL. Moreover, the optimized formula reduced the expression of toll-like receptors-4 and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β secretion in the C. albicans-infected fibroblasts, indicating that the proposed ITZ-loaded ufasomes are a promising drug delivery system for ITZ.
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El-Waseif AA, Abd El-Ghani GS, Abo El maaty SA, G. Hassan M. Cytotoxicity and Promising Anti-Biofilm of Curcuma Silver Nanoparticles against Candida albicans. RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND TECHNOLOGY 2022:3355-3359. [DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2022.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The fungal pathogens considered the major human opportunistic, 50–60% of candidiasis cases patients Candida albicans. Green synthesis of AgNPs from NaNO3 using Curcuma extract was performed. UV–Vis spectrophotometry and TEM characterization were measured. AgNPs absorption peak showed between 420-440 nm and results of TEM observed, the AgNPs has a uniform regular coccus shape and size of AgNPs was ranging from 50 to 12nm with average 37nm. The activity of AgNPs as antifungal agent against Candida albicans was determined using agar well diffusion method. AgNPs showed greater antifungal activity with inhibition zone diameter 28mm at 30μg/ml. The antibiofilm activity of AgNPs was assayed in 96-well polystyrene plates and 3 ml polyethylene tube. Obviously, remarkable progressive inhibition of biofilm formation was noticed with increasing of AgNPs concentrations. Determination of AgNPs cytotoxicity on normal lung fibroblast (WI-38) cells using MTT protocol was performed. The viability observed at concentration 31.25 was 44% with IC50 value 30.5μg ml−1. When Curcuma AgNPs are used to local infected wound, may inhibit Candida cells without bad side effect on host cells surrounding the infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A. El-Waseif
- Botany and Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Mervat G. Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science, Banha University, Egypt
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11
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De Luca V, Angeli A, Mazzone V, Adelfio C, Carginale V, Scaloni A, Carta F, Selleri S, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Heterologous expression and biochemical characterisation of the recombinant β-carbonic anhydrase (MpaCA) from the warm-blooded vertebrate pathogen malassezia pachydermatis. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 37:62-68. [PMID: 34894958 PMCID: PMC8667878 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1994559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Warm-blooded animals may have Malassezia pachydermatis on healthy skin, but changes in the skin microenvironment or host defences induce this opportunistic commensal to become pathogenic. Malassezia infections in humans and animals are commonly treated with azole antifungals. Fungistatic treatments, together with their long-term use, contribute to the selection and the establishment of drug-resistant fungi. To counteract this rising problem, researchers must find new antifungal drugs and enhance drug resistance management strategies. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, adenylyl cyclase, and bicarbonate have been found to promote fungal virulence, adhesion, hydrolase synthesis, and host cell death. The CO2/HCO3-/pH-sensing in fungi is triggered by HCO3- produced by metalloenzymes carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1). It has been demonstrated that the growth of M. globosa can be inhibited in vivo by primary sulphonamides, which are the typical CA inhibitors. Here, we report the cloning, purification, and characterisation of the β-CA (MpaCA) from the pathogenic fungus M. pachydermatis, which is homologous to the enzyme encoded in the genome of M. globosa and M. restricta, that are responsible for dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis. Fungal CAs could be thus considered a new pharmacological target for combating fungal infections and drug resistance developed by most fungi to the already used drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Luca
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Napoli, Italy.,Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Valeria Mazzone
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudia Adelfio
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvia Selleri
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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12
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Quinteros MA, Tolosa J, García-Martínez JC, Páez PL, Paraje MG. Synergic activity of oligostyrylbenzenes with amphotericin B against Candida tropicalis biofilms. Yeast 2021; 38:634-645. [PMID: 34596268 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drug resistance is a serious challenge in clinical settings worldwide, with biofilm formation having been associated with this problem. In the present study, the synergism of oligostyrylbenzene (OSB) compounds in combination with amphotericin B (AmB) against Candida tropicalis biofilms was investigated. In addition, the toxicity in human blood cells was determined. Synergistic combinations of OSBs and AmB were evaluated to consider future effects of OSBs in vivo. The checkerboard microdilution method was used to study the interactions of one anionic (1) and two cationic (2 and 3) OSBs with AmB. We investigated the effects of OSBs on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the levels of the reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs). The cellular stress affected biofilm growth through an accumulation of ROS and RNI, at synergistic concentrations of OSBs and AmB. Furthermore, significant surface topography differences were noted upon treatment with the OSB 2/AmB combination, using confocal laser scanning microscopy in conjunction with the image analysis software COMSTAT. The results revealed a low toxicity to leukocytes and red blood cells at synergistic combinations of cationic OSBs with AmB. These findings demonstrated the antibiofilm effects of OSBs and the synergism of AmB with cationic OSBs against biofilms of C. tropicalis for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa A Quinteros
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology (IMBIV), National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.,Deparment of Microbiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Albacete Faculty of Pharmacy, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Joaquín C García-Martínez
- Albacete Faculty of Pharmacy, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Paulina L Páez
- Deparment of Microbiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Research and Development Unit in Pharmaceutical Technology (UNITEFA), National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María G Paraje
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology (IMBIV), National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.,Deparment of Microbiology, Faculty of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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13
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Sun FJ, Li M, Gu L, Wang ML, Yang MH. Recent progress on anti-Candida natural products. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:561-579. [PMID: 34419257 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Candida is an intractable life-threatening pathogen. Candida infection is extremely difficult to eradicate, and thus is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. Morevover, the rapid spread of drug-resistant fungi has led to significant decreases in the therapeutic effects of clinical drugs. New anti-Candida agents are urgently needed to solve the complicated medical problem. Natural products with intricate structures have attracted great attention of researchers who make every endeavor to discover leading compounds for antifungal agents. Their novel mechanisms and diverse modes of action expand the variety of fungistatic agents and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. In recent decades, considerable effort has been devoted to finding unique antifungal agents from nature and revealing their unusual mechanisms, which results in important progress on the development of new antifungals, such as the novel cell wall inhibitors YW3548 and SCY-078 which are being tested in clinical trials. This review will present a brief summary on the landscape of anti-Candida natural products within the last decade. We will also discuss in-depth the research progress on diverse natural fungistatic agents along with their novel mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ming-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ming-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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14
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Alqahtani FM, Handy ST, Sutton CL, Farone MB. Combining Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis (RNA-seq) and a Gene Editing Platform (CRISPR-Cas9) to Uncover the Selectively Pro-oxidant Activity of Aurone Compounds Against Candida albicans. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:708267. [PMID: 34335543 PMCID: PMC8319688 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.708267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the major fungal cause of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections worldwide with a 40% mortality rate. The scarcity of antifungal treatments due to the eukaryotic origin of fungal cells has challenged the development of selectively antifungal drugs. In an attempt to identify novel antifungal agents, aurones SH1009 and SH9051, as synthetically bioactive compounds, have been recently documented as anti-Candida agents. Since the molecular mechanisms behind the inhibitory activities of these aurones in C. albicans are unclear, this study aimed to determine the comprehensive cellular processes affected by these aurones and their molecular targets. Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of SH1009- and SH9051-treated C. albicans revealed uniquely repressed expression in different metabolic pathways, particularly trehalose and sulfur amino acid metabolic processes for SH1009 and SH9051, respectively. In contrast, the most commonly enriched process for both aurones was the up-regulation of RNA processing and ribosomal cleavages as an indicator of high oxidative stress, suggesting that a common aspect in the chemical structure of both aurones led to pro-oxidative properties. Additionally, uniquely induced responses (iron ion homeostasis for SH1009 and arginine biosynthesis for SH9051) garnered attention on key roles for the aurone functional groups. Deletion of the transcription factor for the trehalose biosynthesis pathway, Tye7p, resulted in an SH1009-resistant mutant, which also exhibited low trehalose content, validating the primary molecular target of SH1009. Aurone SH9051 uniquely simulated an exogenous supply of methionine or cysteine, leading to sulfur amino acid catabolism as evidenced by quantifying an overproduction of sulfite. Phenyl aurone, the common structure of aurones, contributed proportionally in the pro-oxidative activity through ferric ion reduction effects leading to high ROS levels. Our results determined selective and novel molecular mechanisms for aurone SH1009 and also elucidated the diverse cellular effects of different aurones based on functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah M Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
| | - Scott T Handy
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
| | - Caleb L Sutton
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
| | - Mary B Farone
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
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15
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Kim SK, Ngo HX, Dennis EK, Thamban Chandrika N, DeShong P, Garneau-Tsodikova S, Lee VT. Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Alginate Synthesis by Ebselen Oxide and Its Analogues. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:1713-1726. [PMID: 33871968 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that is frequently found in the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients due to the dehydrated mucus that collapses the underlying cilia and prevents mucociliary clearance. During this life-long chronic infection, P. aeruginosa cell accumulates mutations that lead to inactivation of the mucA gene that results in the constitutive expression of algD-algA operon and the production of alginate exopolysaccharide. The viscous alginate polysaccharide further occludes the airways of CF patients and serves as a protective matrix to shield P. aeruginosa from host immune cells and antibiotic therapy. Development of inhibitors of alginate production by P. aeruginosa would reduce the negative impact from this viscous polysaccharide. In addition to transcriptional regulation, alginate biosynthesis requires allosteric activation by bis (3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) binding to an Alg44 protein. Previously, we found that ebselen (Eb) and ebselen oxide (EbO) inhibited diguanylate cyclase from synthesizing c-di-GMP. In this study, we show that EbO, Eb, ebsulfur (EbS), and their analogues inhibit alginate production. Eb and EbS can covalently modify the cysteine 98 (C98) residue of Alg44 and prevent its ability to bind c-di-GMP. However, P. aeruginosa with Alg44 C98 substituted with alanine or serine was still inhibited for alginate production by Eb and EbS. Our results indicate that EbO, Eb, and EbS are lead compounds for reducing alginate production by P. aeruginosa. Future development of these inhibitors could provide a potential treatment for CF patients infected with mucoid P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Huy X. Ngo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Emily K. Dennis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Nishad Thamban Chandrika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Philip DeShong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Vincent T. Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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16
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Jaber QZ, Fridman M. Fresh Molecular Concepts to Extend the Lifetimes of Old Antimicrobial Drugs. CHEM REC 2021; 21:631-645. [PMID: 33605532 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial drug development generally initiates with target identification and mode of action studies. Often, emergence of resistance and/or undesired side effects that are discovered only after prolonged clinical use, result in discontinuation of clinical use. Since the cost and time required for improvement of existing drugs are considerably lower than those required for the development of novel drugs, academic and pharmaceutical company researchers pursue this direction. In this account we describe selected examples of how chemical probes generated from antimicrobial drugs and chemical and enzymatic modifications of these drugs have been used to modify modes of action, block mechanisms of resistance, or reduce side effects, improving performance. These examples demonstrate how new and comprehensive mechanistic insights can be translated into fresh concepts for development of next-generation antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais Z Jaber
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
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17
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Bidaud AL, Schwarz P, Herbreteau G, Dannaoui E. Techniques for the Assessment of In Vitro and In Vivo Antifungal Combinations. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7020113. [PMID: 33557026 PMCID: PMC7913650 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic fungal infections are associated with high mortality rates despite adequate treatment. Moreover, acquired resistance to antifungals is increasing, which further complicates the therapeutic management. One strategy to overcome antifungal resistance is to use antifungal combinations. In vitro, several techniques are used to assess drug interactions, such as the broth microdilution checkerboard, agar-diffusion methods, and time-kill curves. Currently, the most widely used technique is the checkerboard method. The aim of all these techniques is to determine if the interaction between antifungal agents is synergistic, indifferent, or antagonistic. However, the interpretation of the results remains difficult. Several methods of analysis can be used, based on different theories. The most commonly used method is the calculation of the fractional inhibitory concentration index. Determination of the usefulness of combination treatments in patients needs well-conducted clinical trials, which are difficult. It is therefore important to study antifungal combinations in vivo, in experimental animal models of fungal infections. Although mammalian models have mostly been used, new alternative animal models in invertebrates look promising. To evaluate the antifungal efficacy, the most commonly used criteria are the mortality rate and the fungal load in the target organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Bidaud
- Parasitology-Mycology Unit, Microbiology Department, APHP, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, F-75015 Paris, France;
| | - Patrick Schwarz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, D-35043 Marburg, Germany;
- Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Philipps University Marburg, D-35037 Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Eric Dannaoui
- Parasitology-Mycology Unit, Microbiology Department, APHP, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, F-75015 Paris, France;
- Dynamyc Research Group, Paris Est Créteil University (UPEC, EnvA), F-94010 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-56-09-39-48; Fax: +33-1-56-09-24-46
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18
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Thamban Chandrika N, Dennis EK, Brubaker KR, Kwiatkowski S, Watt DS, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Agents: Fluorinated Aryl- and Heteroaryl-Substituted Hydrazones. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:124-133. [PMID: 33063957 PMCID: PMC10898509 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated aryl- and heteroaryl-substituted monohydrazones displayed excellent broad-spectrum activity against various fungal strains, including a panel of clinically relevant Candida auris strains relative to a control antifungal agent, voriconazole (VRC). These monohydrazones displayed less hemolysis of murine red blood cells than that of VRC at the same concentrations, possessed fungicidal activity in a time-kill study, and exhibited no mammalian cell cytotoxicity. In addition, these monohydrazones prevented the formation of biofilms that otherwise block antibiotic effectiveness and did not trigger the development of resistance when exposed to C. auris AR Bank # 0390 over 15 passages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishad Thamban Chandrika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Emily K Dennis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Katelyn R Brubaker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Stefan Kwiatkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - David S Watt
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
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19
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Inthanachai T, Thammahong A, Edwards SW, Virakul S, Kiatsurayanon C, Chiewchengchol D. The Inhibitory Effect of Human Beta-defensin-3 on Candida Glabrata Isolated from Patients with Candidiasis. Immunol Invest 2021; 50:80-91. [PMID: 32316784 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1755307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Candida glabrata is a common non-albicans Candida species found in patients with candidiasis and it sometimes develops antifungal resistance. Human beta-defensin-3 (hBD-3) is an antimicrobial peptide of immune system active against various types of microbes including Candida spp. This study investigated antifungal activity of hBD-3 and its synergistic effect with a first-line antifungal agent on C. glabrata clinical isolates. Candida spp. were characterised in patients with candidiasis. The antifungal activities of hBD-3 and fluconazole against C. glabrata were evaluated using Broth microdilution assay. The synergistic activity of these two agents was determined by checkerboard microdilution and time-killing assays. The cytotoxicity of hBD-3 was evaluated using LDH-cytotoxicity colorimetric assay. Of 307 episodes from 254 patients diagnosed with candidiasis, C. glabrata was found in 21 clinical isolates. Antifungal susceptibility tests of C. glabrata were performed, fluconazole demonstrated an inhibitory effect at concentrations of 0.25-8 μg/ml, but one antifungal resistant strain was identified (>64 μg/ml). hBD-3 showed an inhibitory effect against all selected strains at concentrations of 50-75 μg/ml and exhibited a synergistic effect with fluconazole at the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of 0.25-0.50. A concentration of 25 μg/ml of hBD-3 alone showed no cytotoxicity but synergistic activity was seen with fluconazole. In conclusion, hBD-3 has antifungal activity against C. glabrata and synergistic effects with fluconazole at concentrations that alone, have no cytotoxicity. hBD-3 could be used as an adjunctive therapy with first-line antifungal agents for patients with C. glabrata infection particularly those infected with fluconazole-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thananya Inthanachai
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arsa Thammahong
- Mycology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Steven W Edwards
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool, UK
| | - Sita Virakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
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20
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Logviniuk D, Fridman M. Serum Prevents Interactions between Antimicrobial Amphiphilic Aminoglycosides and Plasma Membranes. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:3212-3223. [PMID: 33174428 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial cationic amphiphiles have broad-spectrum activity, and microbes do not readily develop resistance to these agents, highlighting their clinical and industrial potential. Cationic amphiphiles perturb the integrity of membranes leading to cell death, and the lack of discrimination between microbial and mammalian plasma membranes is thought to be one of the main barriers of using these agents for the treatment of systemic infections. Here, we describe the synthesis and study of 20 antimicrobial cationic amphiphiles that are derivatives of the aminoglycoside nebramine with different numbers of alkyl chain ethers that differ in length and degree of unsaturation. We determined antifungal activities and evaluated hemoglobin release from red blood cells as a measure of membrane selectivity and analyzed how serum influences these activities. Microscopic images revealed morphological transformations of red blood cells from the normal double-disc shape to empty ghost cells upon treatment with the cationic amphiphiles. Antifungal activity, hemolysis, and morphological changes in red blood cells decreased as the percentage of serum in the culture medium was increased. In images of red blood cells treated with fluorescently labeled amphiphilic nebramine probes, the accumulation of the cationic amphiphiles in the membranes decreased as serum concentration increased. This suggests that, in addition to its known effect of preventing the deformability of red blood cells, serum prevents interactions between cationic amphiphiles and the plasma membrane. The results of this study indicate that biological activities of cationic amphiphiles are abrogated in serum. Thus, these agents are suitable for external and industrial uses but probably not for effective treatment of systemic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Logviniuk
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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21
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Vazquez-Munoz R, Arellano-Jimenez MJ, Lopez-Ribot JL. Bismuth nanoparticles obtained by a facile synthesis method exhibit antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. BMC Biomed Eng 2020; 2:11. [PMID: 33073175 PMCID: PMC7558697 DOI: 10.1186/s42490-020-00044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bismuth compounds are known for their activity against multiple microorganisms; yet, the antibiotic properties of bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) remain poorly explored. The objective of this work is to further the research of BiNPs for nanomedicine-related applications. Stable Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated BiNPs were produced by a chemical reduction process, in less than 30 min. Results We produced stable, small, spheroid PVP-coated BiNPs with a crystalline organization. The PVP-BiNPs showed potent antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity against the opportunistic pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, both under planktonic and biofilm growing conditions. Conclusions Our results indicate that BiNPs represent promising antimicrobial nanomaterials, and this facile synthetic method may allow for further investigation of their activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms.
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22
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Vaitkienė S, Daugelavičius R, Sychrová H, Kodedová M. Styrylpyridinium Derivatives as New Potent Antifungal Drugs and Fluorescence Probes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2077. [PMID: 32983055 PMCID: PMC7483583 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of Candida glabrata infections increases every year due to its higher resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs. We characterized the antifungal mechanism of action of eight new styrylpyridinium derivatives, with various N-alkyl chains (-C6H13, -C8H17, -C10H21, -C12H25) and different substituents, on C. glabrata strains differing in their drug resistance due to the presence or absence of two major drug-efflux pumps. We found that the tested styrylpyridinium compounds affected the growth of C. glabrata cells in a compound- and strain-dependent manner, and apparently they were substrates of CgCdr1 and CgCdr2 pumps. Further, we determined the impact of the tested compounds on plasma membrane integrity. The ability to cause damage to a plasma membrane depended on the compound, its concentration and the presence of efflux pumps, and corresponded well with the results of growth and survival tests. We also tested possible synergism with three types of known antifungal drugs. Though we did not observe any synergism with azole drugs, styrylpyridinium compounds 5 and 6 together with FK506 demonstrated excellent antifungal properties, whereas compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6 exhibited a significant synergistic effect in combination with terbinafine. Based on our results, derivatives 2 and 6 turned out to be the most promising antifungal drugs. Moreover, compound 6 was not only able to effectively permeabilize the yeast plasma membrane, but also exhibited significant synergism with FK506 and terbinafine. Finally, we also characterized the spectroscopic properties of the tested styrylpyridinium compounds. We measured their absorption and fluorescence spectra, determined their localization in yeast cells and found that their fluorescence characteristics differ from the properties of current commercial vacuolar styrylpyridinium markers and allow multi-color staining. Compounds 1, 3, 7, and 8 were able to accumulate in plasma and vacuolar membranes, and compounds 2, 5, and 6 stained the whole interior of dead cells. In summary, of the eight tested compounds, compound 6 is the most promising antifungal drug, compound 8, due to its minimal toxicity, is the best candidate for a new vacuolar-membrane probe or new benchmark substrate of C. glabrata Cdr pumps, and derivative 5 for a new vital dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Vaitkienė
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Daugelavičius
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Hana Sychrová
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Division Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Marie Kodedová
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Division Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
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23
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Costa B, Pippi B, Andrzejewski Kaminski TF, Andrade SF, Fuentefria AM. In vitro antidermatophytic synergism of double and triple combination of clioquinol with ciclopirox and terbinafine. Mycoses 2020; 63:993-1001. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Costa
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do AmbienteUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Bruna Pippi
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil
| | | | - Saulo F. Andrade
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do AmbienteUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Alexandre M. Fuentefria
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do AmbienteUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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24
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Jin WB, Xu C, Cheung Q, Gao W, Zeng P, Liu J, Chan EWC, Leung YC, Chan TH, Wong KY, Chen S, Chan KF. Bioisosteric investigation of ebselen: Synthesis and in vitro characterization of 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one derivatives as potent New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103873. [PMID: 32361294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) cause untreatable bacterial infections, posing a significant threat to human health. In the present study, by employing the concept of bioisosteric replacement of the selenium moiety of ebselen, we have designed, synthesized and characterized a small compound library of 2-substituted 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one derivatives and related compounds for evaluating their cytotoxicity and synergistic activity in combination with meropenem against the E. coli Tg1 (NDM-1) strain. The most promising compound 3a demonstrated potent synergistic activity against a panel of clinically isolated NDM-1 positive CRE strains with FICI as low as 0.09. Moreover, its IC50 value and inhibition mechanism were also confirmed by using the enzyme inhibition assay and the ESI-MS analysis respectively. Importantly, compound 3a has acceptable toxicity and is not a PAINS. Because of its structural simplicity and potent synergistic activity in combination with meropenem, we propose that compound 3a may be a promising meropenem adjuvant and a new series of such compounds may worth further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Bin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Centre, The Hong Kong PolyU Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qipeng Cheung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Centre, The Hong Kong PolyU Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Edward W C Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yun-Chung Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Tak Hang Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
| | - Kwok-Yin Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Kin-Fai Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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25
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Howard KC, Dennis EK, Watt DS, Garneau-Tsodikova S. A comprehensive overview of the medicinal chemistry of antifungal drugs: perspectives and promise. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:2426-2480. [PMID: 32140691 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00556k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of new fungal pathogens makes the development of new antifungal drugs a medical imperative that in recent years motivates the talents of numerous investigators across the world. Understanding not only the structural families of these drugs but also their biological targets provides a rational means for evaluating the merits and selectivity of new agents for fungal pathogens and normal cells. An equally important aspect of modern antifungal drug development takes a balanced look at the problems of drug potency and drug resistance. The future development of new antifungal agents will rest with those who employ synthetic and semisynthetic methodology as well as natural product isolation to tackle these problems and with those who possess a clear understanding of fungal cell architecture and drug resistance mechanisms. This review endeavors to provide an introduction to a growing and increasingly important literature, including coverage of the new developments in medicinal chemistry since 2015, and also endeavors to spark the curiosity of investigators who might enter this fascinatingly complex fungal landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlind C Howard
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
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26
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Dennis EK, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Synergistic combinations of azoles and antihistamines against Candida species in vitro. Med Mycol 2020; 57:874-884. [PMID: 30295881 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are a major cause of skin and mucosal membrane disease. Immunocompromised individuals, such as those undergoing chemotherapy, are most susceptible to fungal infections. With a growing population of immunocompromised patients, there are many reports of increasing numbers of infections and of fungal strains resistant to current antifungals. One way to treat drug-resistant infections is to administer combinations of drugs to patients. Azoles are the most prescribed antifungals, as they are broad-spectrum and orally bioavailable. Terfenadine (TERF) and ebastine (EBA) are second-generation antihistamines, with EBA being used in many countries. In this study, we explored combinations of seven azole antifungals and two antihistamines (TERF and EBA) against a panel of 13 Candida fungal strains. We found 55 out of 91 combinations tested of TERF and EBA against the various fungal strains to be synergistic with the azoles. To evaluate the efficiency of these combinations to inhibit fungal growth, we performed time-kill assays. We also investigated the ability of these combinations to disrupt biofilm formation. Finally, we tested the specificity of the combinations towards fungal cells by mammalian cytotoxicity assays. These findings suggest a potential new strategy for targeting drug-resistant Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Dennis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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27
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Vazquez-Munoz R, Arellano-Jimenez MJ, Lopez-Ribot JL. Bismuth nanoparticles obtained by a facile synthesis method exhibit antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. BMC Biomed Eng 2020. [PMID: 33073175 DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.05.137109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bismuth compounds are known for their activity against multiple microorganisms; yet, the antibiotic properties of bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) remain poorly explored. The objective of this work is to further the research of BiNPs for nanomedicine-related applications. Stable Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated BiNPs were produced by a chemical reduction process, in less than 30 min. RESULTS We produced stable, small, spheroid PVP-coated BiNPs with a crystalline organization. The PVP-BiNPs showed potent antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity against the opportunistic pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, both under planktonic and biofilm growing conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that BiNPs represent promising antimicrobial nanomaterials, and this facile synthetic method may allow for further investigation of their activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms.
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28
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Dennis EK, Kim JH, Parkin S, Awuah SG, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Distorted Gold(I)–Phosphine Complexes as Antifungal Agents. J Med Chem 2019; 63:2455-2469. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Dennis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Sean Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Samuel G. Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
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29
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Patil M, Wanjare S, Borse V, Srivastava R, Mehta P, Vavia P. Arginolipid: A membrane-active antifungal agent and its synergistic potential to combat drug resistance in clinical Candida isolates. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 353:e1900180. [PMID: 31631383 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antifungal drug resistance exhibits a major clinical challenge for treating nosocomial fungal infections. To find a possible solution, we synthesized and studied the antifungal activities of three different arginolipids (Nα -acyl-arginine ethyl ester) against clinical drug-resistant isolates of Candida. The most active arginolipid, oleoyl arginine ethyl ester (OAEE) consisting of a long unsaturated hydrophobic chain, was tested for its mode of action, which revealed that it altered ergosterol biosynthesis and compromised the fungal cell membrane. Also, OAEE was found to exhibit synergistic interactions with fluconazole (FLU) or amphotericin B (AmB) against planktonic Candida cells, wherein it reduced the inhibitory concentrations of these drugs to their in vitro susceptible range. Studies conducted against the C. tropicalis biofilm revealed that the OAEE+AmB combination synergistically reduced the metabolic activity and hyphal density in biofilms, whereas OAEE+FLU was found to be additive against most cases. Finally, the evaluated selective toxicity of OAEE toward fungal cells over mammalian cells could establish it as an alternative treatment for combating drug-resistant Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunal Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Shashir Wanjare
- Department of Microbiology, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Vivek Borse
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay (IIT-B), Mumbai, India
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay (IIT-B), Mumbai, India
| | - Preeti Mehta
- Department of Microbiology, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Pradeep Vavia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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30
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Rosenzweig R, Marshall M, Parivar A, Ly VK, Pearlman E, Yee AF. Biomimetic Nanopillared Surfaces Inhibit Drug Resistant Filamentous Fungal Growth. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3159-3163. [PMID: 35030760 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are invasive and multidrug resistant pathogens that commonly contaminate biomedical devices and implants. Once spherical fungal spores attach to a surface, they exhibit germ tube development, hyphal growth, and robust biofilm formation. Nanotopography found on plants, reptiles, and insect wings possess bactericidal properties during prokaryotic cell adhesion. Here, we demonstrate the application of biomimetic nanopillars that inhibit eukaryotic filamentous fungal growth and possess fungicidal properties. Furthermore, many spores on the nanopillars appeared deflated, while those on the flat surfaces remained spherical and intact. These antifungal phenomena provide promising applications in antifouling biointerfaces for biomedical devices and implants.
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31
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Structural design of microbicidal cationic oligomers and their synergistic interaction with azoles against Candida albicans. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11885. [PMID: 31417167 PMCID: PMC6695401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-disrupting synthetic antimicrobial polymers have been well developed as antimicrobial peptide (AMP) mimics to mitigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, synthetic polymers possess inherent drawbacks, being a mixture of different chain lengths, which restricts their clinical applications. In fact, synthetic oligomers with defined chain length and molecular structure could be better representatives of AMPs. Herein, a series of novel imidazolium-ammonium oligomers developed in this work exhibit excellent broad spectrum antimicrobial activity, specifically the salient structure dependent high efficiency against C. albicans. Moreover, synergistic effect emerged when the combined azoles and synthetic oligomers were applied against C. albicans. The detail structural coupling between azoles and oligomers was scrutinized through molecular dynamics simulations to unravel the interaction details with the atomistic resolution. The labile interaction between oligomer and azoles facilitated the transfer of drug into fungal cells, which can be a synergistic solution to prevent the development of resistance on C. albicans.
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32
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Louzoun‐Zada S, Jaber QZ, Fridman M. Guiding Drugs to Target‐Harboring Organelles: Stretching Drug‐Delivery to a Higher Level of Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Louzoun‐Zada
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Qais Z. Jaber
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
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33
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Louzoun-Zada S, Jaber QZ, Fridman M. Guiding Drugs to Target-Harboring Organelles: Stretching Drug-Delivery to a Higher Level of Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15584-15594. [PMID: 31237741 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The ratio between the dose of drug required for optimal efficacy and the dose that causes toxicity is referred to as the therapeutic window. This ratio can be increased by directing the drug to the diseased tissue or pathogenic cell. For drugs targeting fungi and malignant cells, the therapeutic window can be further improved by increasing the resolution of drug delivery to the specific organelle that harbors the drug's target. Organelle targeting is challenging and is, therefore, an under-exploited strategy. Here we provide an overview of recent advances in control of the subcellular distribution of small molecules with the focus on chemical modifications. Highlighted are recent examples of active and passive organelle-specific targeting by incorporation of organelle-directing molecular determinants or by chemical modifications of the pharmacophore. The outstanding potential that lies in the development of organelle-specific drugs is becoming increasingly apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Louzoun-Zada
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Qais Z Jaber
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
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34
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Liu Y, Wang W, Yan H, Wang D, Zhang M, Sun S. Anti- Candida activity of existing antibiotics and their derivatives when used alone or in combination with antifungals. Future Microbiol 2019; 14:899-915. [PMID: 31394935 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are a growing challenge in immunocompromised patients, especially candidiasis. The prolonged use of traditional antifungals to treat Candida infection has caused the emergence of drug resistance, especially fluconazole. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies for Candida infection are warranted. Recently, attention has been paid to the anti-Candida activity of antibiotics and their derivatives. Studies revealed that a series of antibiotics/derivatives displayed potential anti-Candida activity and some of them could significantly increase the susceptibility of antifungals. Interestingly, the derivatives of aminoglycosides were even more active than fluconazole/itraconazole/posaconazole. This article reviews the anti-Candida activities and mechanisms of antibiotics/derivatives used alone or in combination with antifungals. This review will helpfully provide novel insights for overcoming Candida resistance and discovering new antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Weixin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taishan hospital of Shandong Province, Taian, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Decai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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35
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Dar OA, Lone SA, Malik MA, Aqlan FM, Wani MY, Hashmi AA, Ahmad A. Synthesis and synergistic studies of isatin based mixed ligand complexes as potential antifungal therapeutic agents. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02055. [PMID: 31360786 PMCID: PMC6639752 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal based drugs are important class of chemotherapeutic agents that have the potential to circumvent drug resistance. Increasing drug resistance, treatment failures and limited treatment options necessitates the development of new therapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action. Towards this direction, we synthesized a series of isatin based mixed ligand complexes of [Cu(dbm)LClH2O] (mlc1), [Co(dbm)LCl2]‒(mlc2) and [Ni(dbm)LClH2O] (mlc3) and evaluated their antifungal activity alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against seven different Candida albicans isolates. The insight mechanism of antifungal action was revealed by studying apoptosis via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The study revealed that all these compounds showed antifungal activity at varying concentrations with mlc3 as the most potent compound with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.5–8 μg/mL and minimum fungicidal concentration ranging from 4–16 μg/mL. Upon combination with FLC, most of the interactions were either synergistic (54 %) or additive (32 %) with no antagonistic combination against any of the tested isolate. The study on their mechanism of action revealed that these compounds show apoptotic effect on C. albicans at sub-inhibitory concentrations, suggesting that strategies to target this process may augment the current antifungal treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovas Ahmad Dar
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shabir Ahmad Lone
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | | | - Faisal Mohammed Aqlan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Athar Adil Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Aijaz Ahmad
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa.,Infection Control, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
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36
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Gong Y, Liu W, Huang X, Hao L, Li Y, Sun S. Antifungal Activity and Potential Mechanism of N-Butylphthalide Alone and in Combination With Fluconazole Against Candida albicans. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1461. [PMID: 31312187 PMCID: PMC6614440 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a common opportunistic fungal pathogen that may cause nosocomial fungal infections. The resistance of Candida albicans to traditional antifungal drugs has been increasing rapidly in recent years, and it brings a great challenge in clinical treatment. N-butylphthalide is originally extracted from the seed of Apium graveolens and is currently used for the treatment of ischemic stroke in the clinic. This study demonstrated that n-butylphthalide exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 128 μg/ml; moreover, n-butylphthalide combined with fluconazole showed synergistic antifungal effects against resistant Candida albicans, resulting in a decrease in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole from >512 to 0.25–1 μg/ml. Time-killing curves verified the antifungal activity in dynamic. Besides, n-butylphthalide exhibited anti-biofilm activity against Candida albicans, biofilms preformed <12 h with sessile minimum inhibitory concentrations of 128–256 μg/ml and synergism was observed when n-butylphthalide combined with fluconazole against resistant Candida albicans biofilms preformed <12 h, resulting in a decrease in the sessile minimum inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole from >1,024 to 0.5–8 μg/ml. Furthermore, in vitro antifungal effects of n-butylphthalide were confirmed in vivo. N-butylphthalide prolonged survival rate of larvae infected by Candida albicans, reduced the fungal burden in larvae and caused less damage to larval tissues. Notably, n-butylphthalide inhibited hyphal growth and induced intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation and a loss in mitochondrial membrane potential, which was a potential antifungal mechanism. Besides, the synergistic effects between n-butylphthalide and fluconazole potentially relied on the mechanism that n-butylphthalide significantly promoted drug uptake, and suppressed drug efflux via down-regulating the drug transporter encoding genes CDR1 and CDR2. These findings demonstrated the antifungal effects and mechanisms of n-butylphthalide against Candida albicans for the first time, which might provide broad prospects for the identification of new potential antifungal targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First University, Jinan, China
| | - Lina Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiman Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First University, Jinan, China
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37
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Xu J, Liu R, Sun F, An L, Shang Z, Kong L, Yang M. Eucalyptal D Enhances the Antifungal Effect of Fluconazole on Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans by Competitively Inhibiting Efflux Pump. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:211. [PMID: 31281800 PMCID: PMC6595430 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequent emergence of azole-resistant strains has increasingly led azoles to fail in treating candidiasis. Combination with other drugs is a good option to effectively reduce or retard its incidence of resistance. Natural products are a promising synergist source to assist azoles in treating resistant candidiasis. Eucalyptal D (ED), a formyl-phloroglucinol meroterpenoid, is one of the natural synergists, which could significantly enhance the anticandidal activity of fluconazole (FLC) in treating FLC resistant C. albicans. The checkerboard microdilution assay showed their synergistic effect. The agar disk diffusion test illustrated the key role of ED in synergy. The rhodamine 6G (R6G) efflux assay reflected ED could reduce drug efflux, but quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed the upregulation of CDR1 and CDR2 genes in ED treating group. Efflux pump-deficient strains were hyper-susceptible to ED, thus ED was speculated to be the substrate of efflux pump Cdr1p and Cdr2p to competitively inhibit the excretion of FLC or R6G, which mainly contributed to its synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruihuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fujuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin An
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhichun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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38
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Lu M, Yang X, Yu C, Gong Y, Yuan L, Hao L, Sun S. Linezolid in Combination With Azoles Induced Synergistic Effects Against Candida albicans and Protected Galleria mellonella Against Experimental Candidiasis. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3142. [PMID: 30766527 PMCID: PMC6365414 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of resistant Candida isolates has increased continuously in recent decades, especially Candida albicans. To overcome this resistance, research on antifungal sensitizers has attracted considerable attention. Linezolid was found to inhibit the growth of Pythium insidiosum and synergize with amphotericin B against Cryptococcus neoformans. The objective of this study was to determine the interactions of linezolid and azoles against C. albicans in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, linezolid combined with azoles induced synergistic effects not only against some susceptible C. albicans isolates, but also against all tested resistant C. albicans isolates. For all resistant isolates, exposure to the combination of linezolid with azoles induced a significant decrease in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of azoles, from >512 to 0.5–1 μg/mL for fluconazole, from >16 to 0.25–1 μg/mL for itraconazole, and from >16 to 0.03–0.25 μg/mL for voriconazole. Additionally, linezolid synergized with fluconazole against biofilms that were preformed for ≤ 12 h from both susceptible and resistant C. albicans, and the sessile MIC of fluconazole decreased from >1024 to 1–4 μg/mL. In vivo, linezolid plus azoles prolonged the survival rate of infected Galleria mellonella larvae twofold compared with the azole monotherapy group, significantly decreased the fungal burden of the infected larvae, and reduced the damage of resistant C. albicans to the larval tissue. These findings will contribute to antifungal agent discovery and new approaches for the treatment of candidiasis caused by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Baodi People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinmei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Cuixiang Yu
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Ying Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Baodi People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Hao
- Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
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39
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Thamban Chandrika N, Dennis EK, Shrestha SK, Ngo HX, Green KD, Kwiatkowski S, Deaciuc AG, Dwoskin LP, Watt DS, Garneau-Tsodikova S. N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 164:273-281. [PMID: 30597328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
N,N'-Diaryl-bishydrazones of [1,1'-biphenyl]-3,4'-dicarboxaldehyde, [1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-dicarboxaldehyde, and 4,4'-bisacetyl-1,1-biphenyl exhibited excellent antifungal activity against a broad spectrum of filamentous and non-filamentous fungi. These N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones displayed no antibacterial activity in contrast to previously reported N,N'-diamidino-bishydrazones and N-amidino-N'-aryl-bishydrazones. The leading candidate, 4,4'-bis((E)-1-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)hydrazono)ethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl, displayed less hemolysis of murine red blood cells at concentrations at or below that of a control antifungal agent (voriconazole), was fungistatic in a time-kill study, and possessed no mammalian cytotoxicity and no toxicity with respect to hERG inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishad Thamban Chandrika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Emily K Dennis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Sanjib K Shrestha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Huy X Ngo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Keith D Green
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Stefan Kwiatkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA; Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Agripina Gabriela Deaciuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Linda P Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA
| | - David S Watt
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA; Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0093, USA.
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
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Jaber QZ, Benhamou RI, Herzog IM, Ben Baruch B, Fridman M. Cationic Amphiphiles Induce Macromolecule Denaturation and Organelle Decomposition in Pathogenic Yeast. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16391-16395. [PMID: 30307679 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cationic amphiphiles are a large and diverse class of antimicrobial agents. Although their mode of action is not fully resolved, it is generally accepted that these antimicrobials perturb the structural integrity of the plasma membrane leading to the microbial cell disruption. Here we report on the development of inherently fluorescent antifungal cationic amphiphiles and on the study of their effects on cells of Candida, one of the most common fungal pathogens in humans. Fluorescent images of Candida yeast cells that express a fluorescent reporter protein revealed that the cationic amphiphiles rapidly accumulated in the cytosol and led to structural changes in proteins and DNA. Using fluorescent organelle-specific dyes, we showed that these antifungal agents also caused organelle disassembly in Candida cells. The results of this study indicate that, in designing antifungal cationic amphiphiles for clinical use, the intracellular activities of these molecules must be addressed to avoid undesired side effects to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais Z Jaber
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Raphael I Benhamou
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Ido M Herzog
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Bar Ben Baruch
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
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41
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Jaber QZ, Benhamou RI, Herzog IM, Ben Baruch B, Fridman M. Cationic Amphiphiles Induce Macromolecule Denaturation and Organelle Decomposition in Pathogenic Yeast. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qais Z. Jaber
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Raphael I. Benhamou
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Ido M. Herzog
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Bar Ben Baruch
- Department of Neurobiology; George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv 6997801 Israel
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42
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Sun L, Hang C, Liao K. Synergistic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester with caspofungin against Candida albicans is mediated by disrupting iron homeostasis. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 116:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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43
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Subedi YP, AlFindee MN, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Antifungal amphiphilic kanamycins: new life for an old drug. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:909-919. [PMID: 30108980 PMCID: PMC6071784 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Classical aminoglycoside antibiotics are obsolete or hampered by the emergence of drug resistant bacteria. Recent discoveries of antifungal amphiphilic kanamycins offer new strategies for reviving and repurposing these old drugs. A simple structural modification turns the clinically obsolete antibacterial kanamycin into an antifungal agent. Structure-activity relationship studies have led to the production of K20, an antifungal kanamycin that can be mass-produced for uses in agriculture as well as in animals. This review delineates the path to the discovery of K20 and other related antifungal amphiphilic kanamycins, determination of its mode of action, and findings in greenhouse and field trials with K20 that could lead to crop disease protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagya Prasad Subedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , USA .
| | - Madher N AlFindee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , USA .
| | - Jon Y Takemoto
- Department of Biology , Utah State University , 5305 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-5305 , USA
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , USA .
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44
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Takemoto JY, Wegulo SN, Yuen GY, Stevens JA, Jochum CC, Chang CWT, Kawasaki Y, Miller GW. Suppression of wheat Fusarium head blight by novel amphiphilic aminoglycoside fungicide K20. Fungal Biol 2018; 122:465-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Steinbuch KB, Benhamou RI, Levin L, Stein R, Fridman M. Increased Degree of Unsaturation in the Lipid of Antifungal Cationic Amphiphiles Facilitates Selective Fungal Cell Disruption. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:825-836. [PMID: 29419285 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial cationic amphiphiles derived from aminoglycosides act through cell membrane permeabilization but have limited selectivity for microbial cell membranes. Herein, we report that an increased degree of unsaturation in the fatty acid segment of antifungal cationic amphiphiles derived from the aminoglycoside tobramycin significantly reduced toxicity to mammalian cells. A collection of tobramycin-derived cationic amphiphiles substituted with C18 lipid chains varying in degree of unsaturation and double bond configuration were synthesized. All had potent activity against a panel of important fungal pathogens including strains with resistance to a variety of antifungal drugs. The tobramycin-derived cationic amphiphile substituted with linolenic acid with three cis double bonds (compound 6) was up to an order of magnitude less toxic to mammalian cells than cationic amphiphiles composed of lipids with a lower degree of unsaturation and than the fungal membrane disrupting drug amphotericin B. Compound 6 was 12-fold more selective (red blood cell hemolysis relative to antifungal activity) than compound 1, the derivative with a fully saturated lipid chain. Notably, compound 6 disrupted the membranes of fungal cells without affecting the viability of cocultured mammalian cells. This study demonstrates that the degree of unsaturation and the configuration of the double bond in lipids of cationic amphiphiles are important parameters that, if optimized, result in compounds with broad spectrum and potent antifungal activity as well as reduced toxicity toward mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kfir B. Steinbuch
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverley Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 6997801
| | - Raphael I. Benhamou
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverley Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 6997801
| | - Lotan Levin
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel 6997801
| | - Reuven Stein
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel 6997801
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverley Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 6997801
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46
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Noureldin NA, Kothayer H, Lashine ESM, Baraka MM, Huang Y, Li B, Ji Q. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinazoline-2,4-diones conjugated with different amino acids as potential chitin synthase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:560-569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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47
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Fosso MY, Shrestha SK, Thamban Chandrika N, Dennis EK, Green KD, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Differential Effects of Linkers on the Activity of Amphiphilic Tobramycin Antifungals. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040899. [PMID: 29652845 PMCID: PMC5971061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the threat associated with fungal infections continues to rise and the availability of antifungal drugs remains a concern, it becomes obvious that the need to bolster the antifungal armamentarium is urgent. Building from our previous findings of tobramycin (TOB) derivatives with antifungal activity, we further investigate the effects of various linkers on the biological activity of these aminoglycosides. Herein, we analyze how thioether, sulfone, triazole, amide, and ether functionalities affect the antifungal activity of alkylated TOB derivatives against 22 Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus species. We also evaluate their impact on the hemolysis of murine erythrocytes and the cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines. While the triazole linker appears to confer optimal activity overall, all of the linkers incorporated into the TOB derivatives resulted in compounds that are very effective against the Cryptococcus neoformans species, with MIC values ranging from 0.48 to 3.9 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Y Fosso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Sanjib K Shrestha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Nishad Thamban Chandrika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Emily K Dennis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Keith D Green
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
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48
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Álvarez-Pérez S, García ME, Blanco JL. In vitroactivity of amphotericin B-azole combinations againstMalassezia pachydermatisstrains. Med Mycol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Álvarez-Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta E García
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Blanco
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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49
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Thamban Chandrika N, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Comprehensive review of chemical strategies for the preparation of new aminoglycosides and their biological activities. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1189-1249. [PMID: 29296992 PMCID: PMC5818290 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of all synthetic and chemoenzymatic methodologies for the preparation of aminoglycosides for a variety of applications (therapeutic and agricultural) reported in the scientific literature up to 2017 is presented. This comprehensive analysis of derivatization/generation of novel aminoglycosides and their conjugates is divided based on the types of modifications used to make the new derivatives. Both the chemical strategies utilized and the biological results observed are covered. Structure-activity relationships based on different synthetic modifications along with their implications for activity and ability to avoid resistance against different microorganisms are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishad Thamban Chandrika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0596, USA.
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50
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Chandrika NT, Shrestha SK, Ranjan N, Sharma A, Arya DP, Garneau-Tsodikova S. New Application of Neomycin B-Bisbenzimidazole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:196-207. [PMID: 29227087 PMCID: PMC5971066 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alkylated aminoglycosides and bisbenzimidazoles have previously been shown to individually display antifungal activity. Herein, we explore for the first time the antifungal activity (in liquid cultures and in biofilms) of ten alkylated aminoglycosides covalently linked to either mono- or bisbenzimidazoles. We also investigate their toxicity against mammalian cells, their hemolytic activity, and their potential mechanism(s) of action (inhibition of fungal ergosterol biosynthetic pathway and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS) production). Overall, many of our hybrids exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity. We also found them to be less cytotoxic to mammalian cells and less hemolytic than the FDA-approved antifungal agents amphotericin B and voriconazole, respectively. Finally, we show with our best derivative (8) that the mechanism of action of our compounds is not the inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, but that it involves ROS production in yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishad Thamban Chandrika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lee T. Todd, Jr. Building, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Sanjib K. Shrestha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lee T. Todd, Jr. Building, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 219 Hunter Laboratories, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Anindra Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 219 Hunter Laboratories, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Dev P. Arya
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 219 Hunter Laboratories, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lee T. Todd, Jr. Building, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
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