1
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Qiang W, Kengewerere MK, Kenyaga JM. Modulation of Lipid Dynamics in the β-Amyloid Aggregates Induced Membrane Fragmentation. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5667-5675. [PMID: 38836448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Nonspecific membrane disruption is considered a plausible mechanism for the cytotoxicity induced by β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates. In scenarios of high local Aβ concentrations, a two-step membrane fragmentation model has been proposed. Initially, membrane-embedded Aβ oligomeric aggregates form, followed by membrane fragmentation. However, the key molecular-level interactions between Aβ oligomeric aggregates and lipids that drive the second-stage membrane fragmentation remain unclear. This study monitors the time-dependent changes in lipid dynamics and water accessibility of model liposomes during Aβ-induced membrane fragmentation. Our results indicate that lipid dynamics on the nanosecond to microsecond time scale undergo rapid acceleration upon initial incubation with membrane-incorporated Aβ oligomeric aggregates, followed by a slow deceleration process. Concurrently, lipid headgroups become less accessible to water. Both observations suggest a carpet-like mechanism of membrane disruption for the Aβ-induced membrane fragmentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiang
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Maurine K Kengewerere
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - June M Kenyaga
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
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2
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Ghosh P, Narang K, Iyer PK. Role of Amyloid Beta in Neurodegeneration and Therapeutic Strategies for Neuroprotection. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2761:337-354. [PMID: 38427249 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3662-6_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The gradual loss of neurons' structure and function in the central nervous system is known as neurodegeneration. It is a defining feature of several incapacitating illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. The buildup of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein in the brain is one of the several variables linked to neurodegeneration. We shall delve into the fascinating realm of Aβ in this chapter and examine its role in the etiology of neurodegenerative illnesses. Insights into the processes through which Aβ exerts its toxicity are crucial for the creation of therapeutic approaches to treat these life-threatening diseases. Despite the presence of multiple obstacles, recent research shows promise for the development of some new anti-Aβ therapies that will help millions of people suffering from neurodegeneration. In this chapter, we discuss the role of Aβ in contributing to neurotoxicity and several anti-Aβ therapies for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyam Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kavita Narang
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Parameswar Krishnan Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
- Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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3
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Bianchi M, Guzzo S, Lunghi A, Greco P, Pisciotta A, Murgia M, Carnevale G, Fadiga L, Biscarini F. Synergy of Nanotopography and Electrical Conductivity of PEDOT/PSS for Enhanced Neuronal Development. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59224-59235. [PMID: 38091494 PMCID: PMC10755694 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials able to promote neuronal development and neurite outgrowth are highly desired in neural tissue engineering for the repair of damaged or disrupted neural tissue and restoring the axonal connection. For this purpose, the use of either electroactive or micro- and nanostructured materials has been separately investigated. Here, the use of a nanomodulated conductive poly(3,4-ethylendioxithiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) substrate that exhibits instructive topographical and electrical cues at the same time was investigated for the first time. In particular, thin films featuring grooves with sizes comparable with those of neuronal neurites (NanoPEDOT) were fabricated by electrochemical polymerization of PEDOT/PSS on a nanomodulated polycarbonate template. The ability of NanoPEDOT to support neuronal development and direct neurite outgrowth was demonstrated by assessing cell viability and proliferation, expression of neuronal markers, average neurite length, and direction of neuroblastoma N2A cells induced to differentiate on this novel support. In addition to the beneficial effect of the nanogrooved topography, a 30% increase was shown in the average length of neurites when differentiating cells were subjected to an electrical stimulation of a few microamperes for 6 h. The results reported here suggest a favorable effect on the neuronal development of the synergistic combination of nanotopography and electrical stimulation, supporting the use of NanoPEDOT in neural tissue engineering to promote physical and functional reconnection of impaired neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bianchi
- Department
of Life Sciences, Università degli
Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 44125 Modena, Italy
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sonia Guzzo
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Section
of Physiology, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alice Lunghi
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Section
of Physiology, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Greco
- Section
of Physiology, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department
of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest
in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 44125 Modena, Italy
| | - Mauro Murgia
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto
per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN-CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department
of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest
in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 44125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luciano Fadiga
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Section
of Physiology, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Biscarini
- Department
of Life Sciences, Università degli
Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 44125 Modena, Italy
- Center
for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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4
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Sadžak A, Brkljača Z, Eraković M, Kriechbaum M, Maltar-Strmečki N, Přibyl J, Šegota S. Puncturing lipid membranes: onset of pore formation and the role of hydrogen bonding in the presence of flavonoids. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100430. [PMID: 37611869 PMCID: PMC10518586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Products of lipid peroxidation induce detrimental structural changes in cell membranes, such as the formation of water pores, which occur in the presence of lipids with partially oxidized chains. However, the influence of another class of products, dicarboxylic acids, is still unclear. These products have greater mobility in the lipid bilayer, which enables their aggregation and the formation of favorable sites for the appearance of pores. Therefore, dodecanedioic acid (DDA) was selected as a model product. Additionally, the influence of several structurally different flavonoids on DDA aggregation via formation of hydrogen bonds with carboxyl groups was investigated. The molecular dynamics of DDA in DOPC lipid bilayer revealed the formation of aggregates extending over the hydrophobic region of the bilayer and increasing its polarity. Consequently, water penetration and the appearance of water wires was observed, representing a new step in the mechanism of pore formation. Furthermore, DDA molecules were found to interact with lipid polar groups, causing them to be buried in the bilayer. The addition of flavonoids to the system disrupted aggregate formation, resulting in the displacement of DDA molecules from the center of the bilayer. The placement of DDA and flavonoids in the lipid bilayer was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering. Atomic force microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance were used to characterize the structural properties. The presence of DDA increased bilayer roughness and decreased the ordering of lipid chains, confirming its detrimental effects on the membrane surface, while flavonoids were found to reduce or reverse these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Sadžak
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Zlatko Brkljača
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mihael Eraković
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Manfred Kriechbaum
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Jan Přibyl
- CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Suzana Šegota
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
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5
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Viles JH. Imaging Amyloid-β Membrane Interactions: Ion-Channel Pores and Lipid-Bilayer Permeability in Alzheimer's Disease. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 135:e202215785. [PMID: 38515735 PMCID: PMC10952214 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202215785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) is central to the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanism by which Aβ triggers a cascade of events that leads to dementia is a topic of intense investigation. Aβ self-associates into a series of complex assemblies with different structural and biophysical properties. It is the interaction of these oligomeric, protofibril and fibrillar assemblies with lipid membranes, or with membrane receptors, that results in membrane permeability and loss of cellular homeostasis, a key event in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Aβ can have an array of impacts on lipid membranes, reports have included: a carpeting effect; a detergent effect; and Aβ ion-channel pore formation. Recent advances imaging these interactions are providing a clearer picture of Aβ induced membrane disruption. Understanding the relationship between different Aβ structures and membrane permeability will inform therapeutics targeting Aβ cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Viles
- Department of Biochemistry, SBBS, Queen MaryUniversity of LondonUK
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6
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Viles JH. Imaging Amyloid-β Membrane Interactions: Ion-Channel Pores and Lipid-Bilayer Permeability in Alzheimer's Disease. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215785. [PMID: 36876912 PMCID: PMC10953358 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) is central to the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanism by which Aβ triggers a cascade of events that leads to dementia is a topic of intense investigation. Aβ self-associates into a series of complex assemblies with different structural and biophysical properties. It is the interaction of these oligomeric, protofibril and fibrillar assemblies with lipid membranes, or with membrane receptors, that results in membrane permeability and loss of cellular homeostasis, a key event in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Aβ can have an array of impacts on lipid membranes, reports have included: a carpeting effect; a detergent effect; and Aβ ion-channel pore formation. Recent advances imaging these interactions are providing a clearer picture of Aβ induced membrane disruption. Understanding the relationship between different Aβ structures and membrane permeability will inform therapeutics targeting Aβ cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Viles
- Department of Biochemistry, SBBS, Queen MaryUniversity of LondonUK
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7
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Kerdegari S, Canepa P, Odino D, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Relini A, Cavalleri O, Canale C. Insights in Cell Biomechanics through Atomic Force Microscopy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2980. [PMID: 37109816 PMCID: PMC10142950 DOI: 10.3390/ma16082980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We review the advances obtained by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based approaches in the field of cell/tissue mechanics and adhesion, comparing the solutions proposed and critically discussing them. AFM offers a wide range of detectable forces with a high force sensitivity, thus allowing a broad class of biological issues to be addressed. Furthermore, it allows for the accurate control of the probe position during the experiments, providing spatially resolved mechanical maps of the biological samples with subcellular resolution. Nowadays, mechanobiology is recognized as a subject of great relevance in biotechnological and biomedical fields. Focusing on the past decade, we discuss the intriguing issues of cellular mechanosensing, i.e., how cells sense and adapt to their mechanical environment. Next, we examine the relationship between cell mechanical properties and pathological states, focusing on cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We show how AFM has contributed to the characterization of pathological mechanisms and discuss its role in the development of a new class of diagnostic tools that consider cell mechanics as new tumor biomarkers. Finally, we describe the unique ability of AFM to study cell adhesion, working quantitatively and at the single-cell level. Again, we relate cell adhesion experiments to the study of mechanisms directly or secondarily involved in pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Kerdegari
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy; (S.K.); (P.C.); (D.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Paolo Canepa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy; (S.K.); (P.C.); (D.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Davide Odino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy; (S.K.); (P.C.); (D.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Ångströmlaboratoriet, Box 35, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Annalisa Relini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy; (S.K.); (P.C.); (D.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Ornella Cavalleri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy; (S.K.); (P.C.); (D.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Claudio Canale
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy; (S.K.); (P.C.); (D.O.); (A.R.)
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8
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Li D, Li J, Hu J, Tang M, Xiu P, Guo Y, Chen T, Mu N, Wang L, Zhang X, Liang G, Wang H, Fan C. Nanomechanical Profiling of Aβ42 Oligomer-Induced Biological Changes in Single Hippocampus Neurons. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5517-5527. [PMID: 36881017 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how Aβ42 oligomers induce changes in neurons from a mechanobiological perspective has important implications in neuronal dysfunction relevant to neurodegenerative diseases. However, it remains challenging to profile the mechanical responses of neurons and correlate the mechanical signatures to the biological properties of neurons given the structural complexity of cells. Here, we quantitatively investigate the nanomechanical properties of primary hippocampus neurons upon exposure to Aβ42 oligomers at the single neuron level by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). We develop a method termed heterogeneity-load-unload nanomechanics (HLUN), which exploits the AFM force spectra in the whole loading-unloading cycle, allowing comprehensive profiling of the mechanical properties of living neurons. We extract four key nanomechanical parameters, including the apparent Young's modulus, cell spring constant, normalized hysteresis, and adhesion work, that serve as the nanomechanical signatures of neurons treated with Aβ42 oligomers. These parameters are well-correlated with neuronal height increase, cortical actin filament strengthening, and calcium concentration elevation. Thus, we establish an HLUN method-based AFM nanomechanical analysis tool for single neuron study and build an effective correlation between the nanomechanical profile of the single neurons and the biological effects triggered by Aβ42 oligomers. Our finding provides useful information on the dysfunction of neurons from the mechanobiological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Center of Super-resolution Optics and Chongqing Engineering Research Center of High-Resolution and Three-Dimensional Dynamic Imaging Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Center of Super-resolution Optics and Chongqing Engineering Research Center of High-Resolution and Three-Dimensional Dynamic Imaging Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Mingjie Tang
- Center of Super-resolution Optics and Chongqing Engineering Research Center of High-Resolution and Three-Dimensional Dynamic Imaging Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Peng Xiu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yunchang Guo
- Yihuang (Wuxi) Spectrum Measurement & Control Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214024, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tunan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ning Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G1H9, Alberta, Canada
| | - Guizhao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Huabin Wang
- Center of Super-resolution Optics and Chongqing Engineering Research Center of High-Resolution and Three-Dimensional Dynamic Imaging Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200024, China
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9
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Saito-Diaz K, Dietrich P, Wu HF, Sun X, Patel AJ, Wzientek CG, Prudden AR, Boons GJ, Chen S, Studer L, Xu B, Dragatsis I, Zeltner N. Genipin Crosslinks the Extracellular Matrix to Rescue Developmental and Degenerative Defects, and Accelerates Regeneration of Peripheral Neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.22.533831. [PMID: 36993570 PMCID: PMC10055431 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.22.533831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is essential for proper body function. A high percentage of the population suffer nerve degeneration or peripheral damage. For example, over 40% of patients with diabetes or undergoing chemotherapy develop peripheral neuropathies. Despite this, there are major gaps in the knowledge of human PNS development and therefore, there are no available treatments. Familial Dysautonomia (FD) is a devastating disorder that specifically affects the PNS making it an ideal model to study PNS dysfunction. FD is caused by a homozygous point mutation in ELP1 leading to developmental and degenerative defects in the sensory and autonomic lineages. We previously employed human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to show that peripheral sensory neurons (SNs) are not generated efficiently and degenerate over time in FD. Here, we conducted a chemical screen to identify compounds able to rescue this SN differentiation inefficiency. We identified that genipin, a compound prescribed in Traditional Chinese Medicine for neurodegenerative disorders, restores neural crest and SN development in FD, both in the hPSC model and in a FD mouse model. Additionally, genipin prevented FD neuronal degeneration, suggesting that it could be offered to patients suffering from PNS neurodegenerative disorders. We found that genipin crosslinks the extracellular matrix, increases the stiffness of the ECM, reorganizes the actin cytoskeleton, and promotes transcription of YAP-dependent genes. Finally, we show that genipin enhances axon regeneration in an in vitro axotomy model in healthy sensory and sympathetic neurons (part of the PNS) and in prefrontal cortical neurons (part of the central nervous system, CNS). Our results suggest genipin can be used as a promising drug candidate for treatment of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, and as a enhancer of neuronal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyi Saito-Diaz
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Paula Dietrich
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hsueh-Fu Wu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery and Department of Biochemistry at Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bingqian Xu
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Ioannis Dragatsis
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nadja Zeltner
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
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10
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Robinson MJ, Newbury S, Singh K, Leonenko Z, Beazely MA. The Interplay Between Cholesterol and Amyloid-β on HT22 Cell Viability, Morphology, and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1663-1683. [PMID: 38073391 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of understanding in the molecular and cellular mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease that has hindered progress on therapeutic development. The focus has been on targeting toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, but these therapeutics have generally failed in clinical trials. Aβ is an aggregation-prone protein that has been shown to disrupt cell membrane structure in molecular biophysics studies and interfere with membrane receptor signaling in cell and animal studies. Whether the lipid membrane or specific receptors are the primary target of attack has not been determined. OBJECTIVE This work elucidates some of the interplay between membrane cholesterol and Aβ42 on HT22 neuronal cell viability, morphology, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling pathways. METHODS The effects of cholesterol depletion by methyl-β-cyclodextrin followed by treatment with Aβ and/or PDGF-AA were assessed by MTT cell viability assays, western blot, optical and AFM microscopy. RESULTS Cell viability studies show that cholesterol depletion was mildly protective against Aβ toxicity. Together cholesterol reduction and Aβ42 treatment compounded the disruption of the PDGFα receptor activation. Phase contrast optical microscopy and live cell atomic force microscopy imaging revealed that cytotoxic levels of Aβ42 caused morphological changes including cell membrane damage, cytoskeletal disruption, and impaired cell adhesion; cell damage was ameliorated by cellular cholesterol depletion. CONCLUSIONS Cholesterol depletion impacted the effects of Aβ42 on HT22 cell viability, morphology, and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan J Robinson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Sean Newbury
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Kartar Singh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A Beazely
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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11
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Sakamuri SSVP, Sure VN, Wang X, Bix G, Fonseca VA, Mostany R, Katakam PVG. Amyloid [Formula: see text] (1-42) peptide impairs mitochondrial respiration in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells: impact of dysglycemia and pre-senescence. GeroScience 2022; 44:2721-2739. [PMID: 35978067 PMCID: PMC9768086 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the impact of glucose concentrations on the β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced alteration of mitochondrial/cellular energetics in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). HBMECs were grown and passaged in media containing 15 mmol/l glucose (normal) based on which the glucose levels in the media were designated as high (25 mmol/L) or low (5 mmol/L). HBMECs were treated with Aβ (1-42) (5 µmol/l) or a scrambled peptide for 24 h and mitochondrial respiratory parameters were measured using Seahorse Mito Stress Test. Aβ (1-42) decreased the mitochondrial ATP production at normal glucose levels and decreased spare respiratory capacity at high glucose levels. Aβ (1-42) diminished all mitochondrial respiratory parameters markedly at low glucose levels that were not completely recovered by restoring normal glucose levels in the media. The addition of mannitol (10 mmol/l) to low and normal glucose-containing media altered the Aβ (1-42)-induced bioenergetic defects. Even at normal glucose levels, pre-senescent HMBECs (passage 15) displayed greater Aβ (1-42)-induced mitochondrial respiratory impairments than young cells (passages 7-9). Thus, hypoglycemia, osmolarity changes, and senescence are stronger instigators of Aβ (1-42)-induced mitochondrial respiration and energetics in HBMECs and contributors to diabetes-related increased AD risk than hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva S. V. P. Sakamuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Venkata N. Sure
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, 131 S. Robertson, Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Gregory Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, 131 S. Robertson, Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Vivian A. Fonseca
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Ricardo Mostany
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
| | - Prasad V. G. Katakam
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, 131 S. Robertson, Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
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12
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Radiation as a Tool against Neurodegeneration-A Potential Treatment for Amyloidosis in the Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012265. [PMID: 36293118 PMCID: PMC9603404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a relatively safe and established treatment for cancer, where the goal is to kill tumoral cells with the lowest toxicity to healthy tissues. Using it for disorders involving cell loss is counterintuitive. However, ionizing radiation has a hormetic nature: it can have deleterious or beneficial effects depending on how it is applied. Current evidence indicates that radiation could be a promising treatment for neurodegenerative disorders involving protein misfolding and amyloidogenesis, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases. Low-dose RT can trigger antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and tissue regeneration responses. RT has been used to treat peripheral amyloidosis, which is very similar to other neurodegenerative disorders from a molecular perspective. Ionizing radiation prevents amyloid formation and other hallmarks in cell cultures, animal models and pilot clinical trials. Although some hypotheses have been formulated, the mechanism of action of RT on systemic amyloid deposits is still unclear, and uncertainty remains regarding its impact in the central nervous system. However, new RT modalities such as low-dose RT, FLASH, proton therapy or nanoparticle-enhanced RT could increase biological effects while reducing toxicity. Current evidence indicates that the potential of RT to treat neurodegeneration should be further explored.
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13
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Kenyaga JM, Cheng Q, Qiang W. Early-Stage β-Amyloid-Membrane Interactions Modulate Lipid Dynamics and Influence Structural Interfaces and Fibrillation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102491. [PMID: 36115457 PMCID: PMC9556791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular interactions between β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide and membranes contribute to the neuronal toxicity of Aβ and the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuronal plasma membranes serve as biologically relevant environments for the Aβ aggregation process as well as affect the structural polymorphisms of Aβ aggregates. However, the nature of these interactions is unknown. Here, we utilized solid-state NMR spectroscopy to explore the site-specific interactions between Aβ peptides and lipids in synaptic plasma membranes at the membrane-associated nucleation stage. The key results show that different segments in the hydrophobic sequence of Aβ initiate membrane binding and inter-strand assembling. We demonstrate early-stage Aβ-lipid interactions modulate lipid dynamics, leading to more rapid lipid headgroup motion and reduced lateral diffusive motion. These early events influence the structural polymorphisms of yielded membrane-associated Aβ fibrils with distinct C-terminal quaternary interface structure compared to fibrils grown in aqueous solutions. Based on our results, we propose a schematic mechanism by which Aβ-lipid interactions drive membrane-associated nucleation processes, providing molecular insights into the early events of fibrillation in biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- June M Kenyaga
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, the State University of New York
| | - Qinghui Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, the State University of New York
| | - Wei Qiang
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, the State University of New York.
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14
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Rocha DN, Carvalho ED, Relvas JB, Oliveira MJ, Pêgo AP. Mechanotransduction: Exploring New Therapeutic Avenues in Central Nervous System Pathology. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:861613. [PMID: 35573316 PMCID: PMC9096357 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.861613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are continuously exposed to physical forces and the central nervous system (CNS) is no exception. Cells dynamically adapt their behavior and remodel the surrounding environment in response to forces. The importance of mechanotransduction in the CNS is illustrated by exploring its role in CNS pathology development and progression. The crosstalk between the biochemical and biophysical components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are here described, considering the recent explosion of literature demonstrating the powerful influence of biophysical stimuli like density, rigidity and geometry of the ECM on cell behavior. This review aims at integrating mechanical properties into our understanding of the molecular basis of CNS disease. The mechanisms that mediate mechanotransduction events, like integrin, Rho/ROCK and matrix metalloproteinases signaling pathways are revised. Analysis of CNS pathologies in this context has revealed that a wide range of neurological diseases share as hallmarks alterations of the tissue mechanical properties. Therefore, it is our belief that the understanding of CNS mechanotransduction pathways may lead to the development of improved medical devices and diagnostic methods as well as new therapeutic targets and strategies for CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nogueira Rocha
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva Daniela Carvalho
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Bettencourt Relvas
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Pêgo
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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15
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Mechanosensing and the Hippo Pathway in Microglia: A Potential Link to Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis? Cells 2021; 10:cells10113144. [PMID: 34831369 PMCID: PMC8622675 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of microglia, the inflammatory cells of the central nervous system (CNS), has been linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. How microglia sense the changing brain environment, in order to respond appropriately, is still being elucidated. Microglia are able to sense and respond to the mechanical properties of their microenvironment, and the physical and molecular pathways underlying this mechanosensing/mechanotransduction in microglia have recently been investigated. The Hippo pathway functions through mechanosensing and subsequent protein kinase cascades, and is critical for neuronal development and many other cellular processes. In this review, we examine evidence for the potential involvement of Hippo pathway components specifically in microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. We suggest that the Hippo pathway is worth investigating as a mechanosensing pathway in microglia, and could be one potential therapeutic target pathway for preventing microglial-induced neurodegeneration in AD.
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16
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Guix FX, Capitán AM, Casadomé-Perales Á, Palomares-Pérez I, López Del Castillo I, Miguel V, Goedeke L, Martín MG, Lamas S, Peinado H, Fernández-Hernando C, Dotti CG. Increased exosome secretion in neurons aging in vitro by NPC1-mediated endosomal cholesterol buildup. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/8/e202101055. [PMID: 34183444 PMCID: PMC8321659 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study unveils the molecular mechanism through which neurons in vitro compensate age-associated proteostasis defects by increasing exosome release. As neurons age, they show a decrease in their ability to degrade proteins and membranes. Because undegraded material is a source of toxic products, defects in degradation are associated with reduced cell function and survival. However, there are very few dead neurons in the aging brain, suggesting the action of compensatory mechanisms. We show in this work that ageing neurons in culture show large multivesicular bodies (MVBs) filled with intralumenal vesicles (ILVs) and secrete more small extracellular vesicles than younger neurons. We also show that the high number of ILVs is the consequence of the accumulation of cholesterol in MVBs, which in turn is due to decreased levels of the cholesterol extruding protein NPC1. NPC1 down-regulation is the consequence of a combination of upregulation of the NPC1 repressor microRNA 33, and increased degradation, due to Akt-mTOR targeting of NPC1 to the phagosome. Although releasing more exosomes can be beneficial to old neurons, other cells, neighbouring and distant, can be negatively affected by the waste material they contain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc X Guix
- Molecular Neuropathology Unit, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Marrero Capitán
- Molecular Neuropathology Unit, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Casadomé-Perales
- Molecular Neuropathology Unit, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Palomares-Pérez
- Molecular Neuropathology Unit, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés López Del Castillo
- Molecular Neuropathology Unit, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Miguel
- Molecular Pathophysiology of Fibrosis, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leigh Goedeke
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Integrative Cell Signalling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mauricio G Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Molecular Pathophysiology of Fibrosis, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Integrative Cell Signalling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos G Dotti
- Molecular Neuropathology Unit, Physiological and Pathological Processes Program, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
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17
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Tian Y, Liang R, Kumar A, Szwedziak P, Viles JH. 3D-visualization of amyloid-β oligomer interactions with lipid membranes by cryo-electron tomography. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6896-6907. [PMID: 34123318 PMCID: PMC8153238 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06426b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) assemblies have been shown to bind to lipid bilayers. This can disrupt membrane integrity and cause a loss of cellular homeostasis, that triggers a cascade of events leading to Alzheimer's disease. However, molecular mechanisms of Aβ cytotoxicity and how the different assembly forms interact with the membrane remain enigmatic. Here we use cryo-electron tomography (cryoET) to obtain three-dimensional nano-scale images of various Aβ assembly types and their interaction with liposomes. Aβ oligomers and curvilinear protofibrils bind extensively to the lipid vesicles, inserting and carpeting the upper-leaflet of the bilayer. Aβ oligomers concentrate at the interface of vesicles and form a network of Aβ-linked liposomes, while crucially, monomeric and fibrillar Aβ have relatively little impact on the membrane. Changes to lipid membrane composition highlight a significant role for GM1-ganglioside in promoting Aβ-membrane interactions. The different effects of Aβ assembly forms observed align with the highlighted cytotoxicity reported for Aβ oligomers. The wide-scale incorporation of Aβ oligomers and curvilinear protofibrils into the lipid bilayer suggests a mechanism by which membrane integrity is lost. Cryo-electron tomography 3D imaging of amyloid-β oligomers carpeting the surface of lipid bilayers in near native conditions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tian
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Ruina Liang
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Piotr Szwedziak
- Laboratory of Structural Cell Biology, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw 02-097 Warsaw Poland .,ReMedy-International Research Agenda Unit, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw 02-097 Warsaw Poland
| | - John H Viles
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
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18
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Majumdar S, Klatt D. Longitudinal study of sub-regional cerebral viscoelastic properties of 5XFAD Alzheimer's disease mice using multifrequency MR elastography. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:405-414. [PMID: 33604900 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study sub-regional, longitudinal changes occurring inside brains of 5XFAD mice, an Alzheimer's disease (AD) model, based on viscoelastic parameters derived using MR elastography and their spatial variation. METHODS Female 5XFAD and non-transgenic B6SJLF1/J mice as controls (n = 9 for both groups) were used for the study. Scans were performed inside a 9.4T preclinical MRI scanner using SampLe Interval Modulation-magnetic resonance elastography (SLIM-MRE). Experiments were performed at ages 2, 4, and 6 mo, and by using three actuation frequencies: 900, 1000, and 1100 Hz. Multifrequency dual elasto-visco (MDEV) reconstruction was used to combine 3D multifrequency MRE data and calculate magnitude G ∗ , and phase angle φ, of the complex shear modulus G ∗ . Mean values were measured for the overall brain and sub-regions associated with the early onset of AD, to check for the effect of aging and mouse model. Spatial coefficient of variation (CV) of both parameters across different age-groups were analyzed. RESULTS G ∗ and φ values reduced with age for overall brain in 5XFAD mice with significant difference in mean G ∗ between 5XFAD and control mice at 6 mo (P = .029). Analyzing values from the hippocampal region highlighted drop in mean G ∗ and φ values. The CV of G ∗ inside hippocampus enabled differentiation at 4 mo with it being significantly lower in 5XFAD mice (P = .0007). CONCLUSION Multifrequency 3D MRE revealed longitudinal viscoelastic changes in 5XFAD mice and the CV of G ∗ in brain sub-regions may qualify as biomarker for early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyan Majumdar
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dieter Klatt
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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19
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Impact of Experimental Parameters on Cell-Cell Force Spectroscopy Signature. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21041069. [PMID: 33557265 PMCID: PMC7915634 DOI: 10.3390/s21041069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy is an extremely versatile technique, featuring atomic-scale imaging resolution, and also offering the possibility to probe interaction forces down to few pN. Recently, this technique has been specialized to study the interaction between single living cells, one on the substrate, and a second being adhered on the cantilever. Cell–cell force spectroscopy offers a unique tool to investigate in fine detail intra-cellular interactions, and it holds great promise to elucidate elusive phenomena in physiology and pathology. Here we present a systematic study of the effect of the main measurement parameters on cell–cell curves, showing the importance of controlling the experimental conditions. Moreover, a simple theoretical interpretation is proposed, based on the number of contacts formed between the two interacting cells. The results show that single cell–cell force spectroscopy experiments carry a wealth of information that can be exploited to understand the inner dynamics of the interaction of living cells at the molecular level.
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20
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Milardi D, Gazit E, Radford SE, Xu Y, Gallardo RU, Caflisch A, Westermark GT, Westermark P, Rosa CL, Ramamoorthy A. Proteostasis of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide: A Molecular Perspective of Risk Factors and Protective Strategies for Type II Diabetes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:1845-1893. [PMID: 33427465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The possible link between hIAPP accumulation and β-cell death in diabetic patients has inspired numerous studies focusing on amyloid structures and aggregation pathways of this hormone. Recent studies have reported on the importance of early oligomeric intermediates, the many roles of their interactions with lipid membrane, pH, insulin, and zinc on the mechanism of aggregation of hIAPP. The challenges posed by the transient nature of amyloid oligomers, their structural heterogeneity, and the complex nature of their interaction with lipid membranes have resulted in the development of a wide range of biophysical and chemical approaches to characterize the aggregation process. While the cellular processes and factors activating hIAPP-mediated cytotoxicity are still not clear, it has recently been suggested that its impaired turnover and cellular processing by proteasome and autophagy may contribute significantly toward toxic hIAPP accumulation and, eventually, β-cell death. Therefore, studies focusing on the restoration of hIAPP proteostasis may represent a promising arena for the design of effective therapies. In this review we discuss the current knowledge of the structures and pathology associated with hIAPP self-assembly and point out the opportunities for therapy that a detailed biochemical, biophysical, and cellular understanding of its aggregation may unveil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Milardi
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sheena E Radford
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Yong Xu
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Rodrigo U Gallardo
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Amedeo Caflisch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Gunilla T Westermark
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Westermark
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carmelo La Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 41809-1055, United States
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21
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Choi Y, Kim SM, Heo Y, Lee G, Kang JY, Yoon DS. Nanoelectrical characterization of individual exosomes secreted by Aβ 42-ingested cells using electrostatic force microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:025705. [PMID: 32957091 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abba58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying the physical properties of individual exosomes containing amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) is crucial for a better understanding of an underpinning mechanism of Alzheimer's disease expression which is associated with the Aβ42 transfer. Because of the lack of proper tools, however, there have been very few studies on how the amount of Aβ42 affects the physical properties of exosomes. To answer the question, we investigated the physical properties of exosomes secreted by neuroblastoma by probing individual exosomes using electrostatic force microscopy. Interestingly, we observed that when the higher concentration of Aβ42 oligomers was fed to cells, the higher surface charge of the exosomes appeared. This result indicates that the exosomes contain more Aβ42 with the increase in Aβ42 concentration in cell media, implying that they serve as transport vesicles for Aβ42. Our approach could help to better understand how the neuronal exosomes are related to the propagation of neurodegenerative diseases and to seek how to make an early diagnosis of those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeseong Choi
- Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- R&D Team, Public CMO for Microbial-based Vaccine, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Youhee Heo
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyudo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Kang
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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22
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Effect of Amyloid-β Monomers on Lipid Membrane Mechanical Parameters-Potential Implications for Mechanically Driven Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010018. [PMID: 33375009 PMCID: PMC7792773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that results in memory loss and the impairment of cognitive skills. Several mechanisms of AD’s pathogenesis were proposed, such as the progressive accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and τ pathology. Nevertheless, the exact neurodegenerative mechanism of the Aβ remains complex and not fully understood. This paper proposes an alternative hypothesis of the mechanism based on maintaining the neuron membrane’s mechanical balance. The incorporation of Aβ decreases the lipid membrane’s elastic properties, which eventually leads to the impairment of membrane clustering, disruption of mechanical wave propagation, and change in gamma oscillations. The first two disrupt the neuron’s ability to function correctly while the last one decreases sensory encoding and perception enabling. To begin discussing this mechanical-balance hypothesis, we measured the effect of two selected peptides, Aβ-40 and Aβ-42, as well as their fluorescently labeled modification, on membrane mechanical properties. The decrease of bending rigidity, consistent for all investigated peptides, was observed using molecular dynamic studies and experimental flicker-noise techniques. Additionally, wave propagation was investigated with molecular dynamic studies in membranes with and without incorporated neurodegenerative peptides. A change in membrane behavior was observed in the membrane system with incorporated Aβ.
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23
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Piersimoni ME, Teng X, Cass AEG, Ying L. Antioxidant lipoic acid ligand-shell gold nanoconjugates against oxidative stress caused by α-synuclein aggregates. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5666-5681. [PMID: 36133855 PMCID: PMC9416995 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00688b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are becoming a promising platform for the delivery of drugs to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Parkinson's disease, associated with the aggregation of α-synuclein, is a condition that results in dysfunctional neuronal cells leading to their degeneration and death. Oxidative stress has been strongly implicated as a common feature in this process. The limited efficacy of the traditional therapies and the development of associated severe side effects present an unmet need for preventive and adjuvant therapies. The organosulfur compound lipoic acid, naturally located in the mitochondria, plays a powerful antioxidative role against oxidative stress. However, the efficacy is limited by its low physiological concentration, and the administration is affected by its short half-life and bioavailability due to hepatic degradation. Here we exploited the drug delivery potential of gold nanoparticles to assemble lipoic acid, and administered the system into SH-SY5Y cells, a cellular model commonly used to study Parkinson's disease. We tested the nanoconjugates of GNPs-LA, under an oxidative environment induced by gold nanoparticle/α-synuclein conjugates (GNPs-α-Syn). GNPs-LA were found to be biocompatible and capable of restoring the cell damage caused by high-level reactive oxygen species generated by excessive oxidative stress in the cellular environment. We conclude that GNPs-LA may serve as promising drug delivery vehicles conveying antioxidant molecules for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Piersimoni
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub London W12 0BZ UK
- Bio Nano Consulting London W1T 4TQ UK
| | - Xiangyu Teng
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Anthony E G Cass
- Bio Nano Consulting London W1T 4TQ UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Liming Ying
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub London W12 0BZ UK
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24
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de Vidania S, Palomares-Perez I, Frank-García A, Saito T, Saido TC, Draffin J, Szaruga M, Chávez-Gutierrez L, Calero M, Medina M, Guix FX, Dotti CG. Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: Constitutive Upregulation of Neuroglobin Prevents the Initiation of Alzheimer's Pathology. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:562581. [PMID: 33343276 PMCID: PMC7744294 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.562581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, a considerable number of the autopsy samples of cognitively normal individuals aged between 57 and 102 years have revealed the presence of amyloid plaques, one of the typical signs of AD, indicating that many of us use mechanisms that defend ourselves from the toxic consequences of Aß. The human APP NL/F (hAPP NL/F) knockin mouse appears as the ideal mouse model to identify these mechanisms, since they have high Aß42 levels at an early age and moderate signs of disease when old. Here we show that in these mice, the brain levels of the hemoprotein Neuroglobin (Ngb) increase with age, in parallel with the increase in Aß42. In vitro, in wild type neurons, exogenous Aß increases the expression of Ngb and Ngb over-expression prevents Aß toxicity. In vivo, in old hAPP NL/F mice, Ngb knockdown leads to dendritic tree simplification, an early sign of Alzheimer’s disease. These results could indicate that Alzheimer’s symptoms may start developing at the time when defense mechanisms start wearing out. In agreement, analysis of plasma Ngb levels in aged individuals revealed decreased levels in those whose cognitive abilities worsened during a 5-year longitudinal follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia de Vidania
- Molecular Neuropathology, Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Palomares-Perez
- Molecular Neuropathology, Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Frank-García
- Department of Neurology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Division Neurodegenerative Disease, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jonathan Draffin
- Molecular Neuropathology, Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Szaruga
- KU Leuven Department for Neurosciences, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucía Chávez-Gutierrez
- KU Leuven Department for Neurosciences, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Miguel Calero
- CIBERNED, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, CIEN Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Medina
- CIBERNED, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, CIEN Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc X Guix
- Molecular Neuropathology, Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos G Dotti
- Molecular Neuropathology, Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Viscoelasticity and Volume of Cortical Neurons under Glutamate Excitotoxicity and Osmotic Challenges. Biophys J 2020; 119:1712-1723. [PMID: 33086042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural activity depends on the maintenance of ionic and osmotic homeostasis. Under these conditions, the cell volume must be regulated to maintain optimal neural function. A disturbance in the neuronal volume regulation often occurs in pathological conditions such as glutamate excitotoxicity. The cell volume, mechanical properties, and actin cytoskeleton structure are tightly connected to achieve the cell homeostasis. Here, we studied the effects of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, external osmotic pressure, and inhibition of actin polymerization on the viscoelastic properties and volume of neurons. Atomic force microscopy was used to map the viscoelastic properties of neurons in time-series experiments to observe the dynamical changes and a possible recovery. The data obtained on cultured rat cortical neurons were compared with the data obtained on rat fibroblasts. The neurons were found to be more responsive to the osmotic challenges but less sensitive to the inhibition of actin polymerization than fibroblasts. The alterations of the viscoelastic properties caused by glutamate excitotoxicity were similar to those induced by the hypoosmotic stress, but, in contrast to the latter, they did not recover after the glutamate removal. These data were consistent with the dynamic volume changes estimated using ratiometric fluorescent dyes. The recovery after the glutamate-induced excitotoxicity was slow or absent because of a steady increase in intracellular calcium and sodium concentrations. The viscoelastic parameters and their changes were related to such parameters as the actin cortex stiffness, tension, and cytoplasmic viscosity.
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26
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Hall CM, Moeendarbary E, Sheridan GK. Mechanobiology of the brain in ageing and Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:3851-3878. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe M. Hall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London London UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences University of Brighton Brighton UK
| | - Emad Moeendarbary
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London London UK
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA
| | - Graham K. Sheridan
- School of Life Sciences Queens Medical Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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27
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Nirmalraj PN, List J, Battacharya S, Howe G, Xu L, Thompson D, Mayer M. Complete aggregation pathway of amyloid β (1-40) and (1-42) resolved on an atomically clean interface. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz6014. [PMID: 32285004 PMCID: PMC7141833 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz6014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To visualize amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates requires an uncontaminated and artifact-free interface. This paper demonstrates the interface between graphene and pure water (verified to be atomically clean using tunneling microscopy) as an ideal platform for resolving size, shape, and morphology (measured by atomic force microscopy) of Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 peptide assemblies from 0.5 to 150 hours at a 5-hour time interval with single-particle resolution. After confirming faster aggregation of Aβ-42 in comparison to Aβ-40, a stable set of oligomers with a diameter distribution of ~7 to 9 nm was prevalently observed uniquely for Aβ-42 even after fibril appearance. The interaction energies between a distinct class of amyloid aggregates (dodecamers) and graphene was then quantified using molecular dynamics simulations. Last, differences in Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 networks were resolved, wherein only Aβ-42 fibrils were aligned through lateral interactions over micrometer-scale lengths, a property that could be exploited in the design of biofunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Niraj Nirmalraj
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jonathan List
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Shayon Battacharya
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Geoffrey Howe
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Damien Thompson
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Michael Mayer
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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28
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Kruger TM, Bell KJ, Lansakara TI, Tivanski AV, Doorn JA, Stevens LL. A Soft Mechanical Phenotype of SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma and Primary Human Neurons Is Resilient to Oligomeric Aβ(1-42) Injury. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:840-850. [PMID: 32058688 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) is widely reported to cause neuronal dystrophy and toxicity through multiple pathways: oxidative stress, disrupting calcium homeostasis, and cytoskeletal dysregulation. The neuro-cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure that reorganizes to maintain cell homeostasis in response to varying soluble and physical cues presented from the extracellular matrix (ECM). Due this relationship between cell health and the ECM, we hypothesize that amyloid toxicity may be directly influenced by physical changes to the ECM (stiffness and dimensionality) through mechanosensitive pathways, and while previous studies demonstrated that Aβ can distort focal adhesion signaling with pathological consequences, these studies do not address the physical contribution from a physiologically relevant matrix. To test our hypothesis that physical cues can adjust Aβ toxicity, SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma and primary human cortical neurons were plated on soft and stiff, 2D polyacrylamide matrices or suspended in 3D collagen gels. Each cell culture was exposed to escalating concentrations of oligomeric or fibrillated Aβ(1-42) with MTS viability and lactate dehydrogenase toxicity assessed. Actin restructuring was further monitored in live cells by atomic force microscopy nanoindentation, and our results demonstrate that increasing either matrix stiffness or exposure to oligomeric Aβ promotes F-actin polymerization and cell stiffening, while mature Aβ fibrils yielded no apparent cell stiffening and minor toxicity. Moreover, the rounded, softer mechanical phenotype displayed by cells plated onto a compliant matrix also demonstrated a resilience to oligomeric Aβ as noted by a significant recovery of viability when compared to same-dosed cells plated on traditional tissue culture plastic. This recovery was reproduced pharmacologically through inhibiting actin polymerization with cytochalasin D prior to Aβ exposure. These studies indicate that the cell-ECM interface can modify amyloid toxicity in neurons and the matrix-mediated pathways that promote this protection may offer unique targets in amyloid pathologies like Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terra M. Kruger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kendra J. Bell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | | | - Alexei V. Tivanski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Doorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Lewis L. Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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29
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Perini G, Ciasca G, Minelli E, Papi M, Palmieri V, Maulucci G, Nardini M, Latina V, Corsetti V, Florenzano F, Calissano P, De Spirito M, Amadoro G. Dynamic structural determinants underlie the neurotoxicity of the N-terminal tau 26-44 peptide in Alzheimer's disease and other human tauopathies. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:278-289. [PMID: 31470053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsically disordered tau protein plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other human tauopathies. Abnormal post-translational modifications of tau, such as truncation, are causally involved in the onset/development of these neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the AD-relevant N-terminal fragment mapping between 26 and 44 amino acids of protein (tau26-44) is interesting, being endowed with potent neurotoxic effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the understanding of the mechanism(s) of tau26-44 toxicity is a challenging task because, similarly to the full-length tau, it does not have a unique 3D structure but exists as dynamic ensemble of conformations. Here we use Atomic Force Spectroscopy, Small Angle X-ray Scattering and Molecular Dynamics simulation to gather structural and functional information on the tau26-44. We highlight the presence, the type and the location of its temporary secondary structures and we unveil the occurrence of relevant transient tertiary conformations that could contribute to tau26-44 toxicity. Data are compared with those obtained on the biologically-inactive, reverse-sequence (tau44-26 peptide) which has the same mass, charge, aminoacidic composition as well as the same overall unfolded character of tau26-44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Perini
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ciasca
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Minelli
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Palmieri
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Matteo Nardini
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Latina
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Corsetti
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvio Florenzano
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Calissano
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Amadoro
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT)-CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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30
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Biomechanical and functional properties of trophoblast cells exposed to Group B Streptococcus in vitro and the beneficial effects of uvaol treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1417-1428. [PMID: 31254547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the main bacteria that infects pregnant women and can cause abortion and chorioamnionitis. The impact of GBS effects on human trophoblast cells remains largely elusive, and actions toward anti-inflammatory strategies in pregnancy are needed. A potent anti-inflammatory molecule, uvaol is a triterpene from olive oil and its functions in trophoblasts are unknown. We aimed to analyze biomechanical and functional effects of inactivated GBS in trophoblast cells, with the addition of uvaol to test potential benefits. METHODS HTR-8/SVneo cells were treated with uvaol and incubated with inactivated GBS. Cell viability and death were analyzed. Cellular elasticity and topography were accessed by atomic force microscopy. Nitrite production was evaluated by Griess reaction. Nuclear translocation of NFkB p65 was detected by immunofluorescence and Th1/Th2 cytokines by bead-based multiplex assay. RESULTS GBS at 108 CFU increased cell death, which was partially prevented by uvaol. Cell stiffness, cytoskeleton organization and morphology were changed by GBS, and uvaol partially restored these alterations. Nuclear translocation of NFkB p65 began 15 min after GBS incubation and uvaol inhibited this process. GBS decreased IL-4 secretion and increased IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-2, whereas uvaol reverted this. CONCLUSIONS The increased inflammation and cell death caused by GBS correlated with biomechanical and cytoskeleton changes found in trophoblast cells, while uvaol was effective its protective role. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Uvaol is a natural anti-inflammatory product efficient against GBS-induced inflammation and it has potential to be acquired through diet in order to prevent GBS deleterious effects in pregnancy.
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31
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Querol-Vilaseca M, Colom-Cadena M, Pegueroles J, Nuñez-Llaves R, Luque-Cabecerans J, Muñoz-Llahuna L, Andilla J, Belbin O, Spires-Jones TL, Gelpi E, Clarimon J, Loza-Alvarez P, Fortea J, Lleó A. Nanoscale structure of amyloid-β plaques in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5181. [PMID: 30914681 PMCID: PMC6435662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) is considered to be a critical component in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Evidence suggests that these non-fibrillar Aβ assemblies are implicated in synaptic dysfunction, neurodegeneration and cell death. However, characterization of these species comes mainly from studies in cellular or animal models, and there is little data in intact human samples due to the lack of adequate optical microscopic resolution to study these small structures. Here, to achieve super-resolution in all three dimensions, we applied Array Tomography (AT) and Stimulated Emission Depletion microscopy (STED), to characterize in postmortem human brain tissue non-fibrillar Aβ structures in amyloid plaques of cases with autosomal dominant and sporadic AD. Ultrathin sections scanned with super-resolution STED microscopy allowed the detection of small Aβ structures of the order of 100 nm. We reconstructed a whole human amyloid plaque and established that plaques are formed by a dense core of higher order Aβ species (~0.022 µm3) and a peripheral halo of smaller Aβ structures (~0.003 µm3). This work highlights the potential of AT-STED for human neuropathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Querol-Vilaseca
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martí Colom-Cadena
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Pegueroles
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Nuñez-Llaves
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Luque-Cabecerans
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Muñoz-Llahuna
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Andilla
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivia Belbin
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- The University of Edinburgh, UK Dementia Research Institute, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Ellen Gelpi
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Loza-Alvarez
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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32
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Dynamic effect of beta-amyloid 42 on cell mechanics. J Biomech 2019; 86:79-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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33
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Gill NK, Ly C, Nyberg KD, Lee L, Qi D, Tofig B, Reis-Sobreiro M, Dorigo O, Rao J, Wiedemeyer R, Karlan B, Lawrenson K, Freeman MR, Damoiseaux R, Rowat AC. A scalable filtration method for high throughput screening based on cell deformability. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:343-357. [PMID: 30566156 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00922h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell deformability is a label-free biomarker of cell state in physiological and disease contexts ranging from stem cell differentiation to cancer progression. Harnessing deformability as a phenotype for screening applications requires a method that can simultaneously measure the deformability of hundreds of cell samples and can interface with existing high throughput facilities. Here we present a scalable cell filtration device, which relies on the pressure-driven deformation of cells through a series of pillars that are separated by micron-scale gaps on the timescale of seconds: less deformable cells occlude the gaps more readily than more deformable cells, resulting in decreased filtrate volume which is measured using a plate reader. The key innovation in this method is that we design customized arrays of individual filtration devices in a standard 96-well format using soft lithography, which enables multiwell input samples and filtrate outputs to be processed with higher throughput using automated pipette arrays and plate readers. To validate high throughput filtration to detect changes in cell deformability, we show the differential filtration of human ovarian cancer cells that have acquired cisplatin-resistance, which is corroborated with cell stiffness measurements using quantitative deformability cytometry. We also demonstrate differences in the filtration of human cancer cell lines, including ovarian cancer cells that overexpress transcription factors (Snail, Slug), which are implicated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; breast cancer cells (malignant versus benign); and prostate cancer cells (highly versus weekly metastatic). We additionally show how the filtration of ovarian cancer cells is affected by treatment with drugs known to perturb the cytoskeleton and the nucleus. Our results across multiple cancer cell types with both genetic and pharmacologic manipulations demonstrate the potential of this scalable filtration device to screen cells based on their deformability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur Gill
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Chi H, Chang HY, Sang TK. Neuronal Cell Death Mechanisms in Major Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3082. [PMID: 30304824 PMCID: PMC6213751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal cell death in the central nervous system has always been a challenging process to decipher. In normal physiological conditions, neuronal cell death is restricted in the adult brain, even in aged individuals. However, in the pathological conditions of various neurodegenerative diseases, cell death and shrinkage in a specific region of the brain represent a fundamental pathological feature across different neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will briefly go through the general pathways of cell death and describe evidence for cell death in the context of individual common neurodegenerative diseases, discussing our current understanding of cell death by connecting with renowned pathogenic proteins, including Tau, amyloid-beta, alpha-synuclein, huntingtin and TDP-43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chi
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Yun Chang
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Kang Sang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan.
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35
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Cheng Q, Hu ZW, Doherty KE, Tobin-Miyaji YJ, Qiang W. The on-fibrillation-pathway membrane content leakage and off-fibrillation-pathway lipid mixing induced by 40-residue β-amyloid peptides in biologically relevant model liposomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1670-1680. [PMID: 29548698 PMCID: PMC6295276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the synaptic plasma membrane (SPM) induced by the aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides has been considered as a potential mechanism for the neurotoxicity of Aβ in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular basis of such membrane disruption process remains unclear, mainly because of the severe systematic heterogeneity problem that prevents the high-resolution studies. Our previous studies using a two-component phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylglycerol (PG) model liposome showed the presence of Aβ-induced membrane disruptions that were either on the pathway or off the pathway of fibril formation. The present study focuses on a more biologically relevant model membrane with compositions that mimic the outer leaflet of SPMs. The main findings are: (1) the two competing membrane disruption effects discovered in PC/PG liposomes and their general peptide-to-lipid-molar-ratio dependence persist in the more complicated membrane models; (2) the SPM-mimic membrane promotes the formation of certain "on-fibrillation-pathway" intermediates with higher α-helical structural population, which lead to more rapid and significant of membrane content leakage; (3) although the "on-fibrillation-pathway" intermediate structures show dependence on membrane compositions, there seems to be a common final fibril structure grown from different liposomes, suggesting that there may be a predominant fibril structure for 40-residue Aβ (i.e. Aβ40) peptides in biologically-relevant membranes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Aggregation and Misfolding at the Cell Membrane Interface edited by Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Zhi-Wen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Katelynne E Doherty
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Yuto J Tobin-Miyaji
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Wei Qiang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States.
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Wilkaniec A, Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Strawski M, Adamczyk A, Czapski GA. Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 affects early neuroinflammatory signalling in murine model of amyloid beta toxicity. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:1. [PMID: 29301548 PMCID: PMC5753486 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) belongs to the family of proline-directed serine/threonine kinases and plays a critical role in neuronal differentiation, migration, synaptogenesis, plasticity, neurotransmission and apoptosis. The deregulation of Cdk5 activity was observed in post mortem analysis of brain tissue of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, suggesting the involvement of Cdk5 in the pathomechanism of this neurodegenerative disease. However, our recent study demonstrated the important function of Cdk5 in regulating inflammatory reaction. METHODS Since the role of Cdk5 in regulation of inflammatory signalling in AD is unknown, we investigated the involvement of Cdk5 in neuroinflammation induced by single intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) oligomers in mouse. The brain tissue was analysed up to 35 days post injection. Roscovitine (intraperitoneal administration) was used as a potent Cdk5 inhibitor. The experiments were also performed on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y as well as mouse BV2 cell lines treated with exogenous oligomeric Aβ. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that single injection of Aβ oligomers induces long-lasting activation of microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus. We observed also profound, early inflammatory response in the mice hippocampus, leading to the significant elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (e.g. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Moreover, Aβ oligomers elevated the formation of truncated protein p25 in mouse hippocampus and induced overactivation of Cdk5 in neuronal cells. Importantly, administration of roscovitine reduced the inflammatory processes evoked by Aβ in the hippocampus, leading to the significant decrease of cytokines level. CONCLUSIONS These studies clearly show the involvement of Cdk5 in modulation of brain inflammatory response induced by Aβ and may indicate this kinase as a novel target for pharmacological intervention in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wilkaniec
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gąssowska-Dobrowolska
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Strawski
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Adamczyk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz A Czapski
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
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Gao Q, Fang Y, Zhang S, Li HW, Yung KKL, Lai KWC. Biophysical Characteristics of Human Neuroblastoma Cell in Oligomeric $\beta $ -Amyloid (1–40) Cytotoxicity. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2018; 17:70-77. [DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2018.2800723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Canale C, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Diaspro A, Dante S. Amyloid and membrane complexity: The toxic interplay revealed by AFM. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 73:82-94. [PMID: 28860102 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid membranes play a fundamental role in the pathological development of protein misfolding diseases. Several pieces of evidence suggest that the lipid membrane could act as a catalytic surface for protein aggregation. Furthermore, a leading theory indicates the interaction between the cell membrane and misfolded oligomer species as the responsible for cytotoxicity, hence, for neurodegeneration in disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The definition of the mechanisms that drive the interaction between pathological protein aggregates and plasma membrane is fundamental for the development of effective therapies for a large class of diseases. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been employed to study how amyloid aggregates affect the cell physiological properties. Considerable efforts were spent to characterize the interaction with model systems, i.e., planar supported lipid bilayers, but some works also addressed the problem directly on living cells. Here, an overview of the main works involving the use of the AFM on both model system and living cells will be provided. Different kind of approaches will be presented, as well as the main results derived from the AFM analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Canale
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy.
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; DIBRIS Department, University of Genova, viale Causa 13, 16145, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Dante
- Department of Nanophysics. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Smolyakov G, Dague E, Roux C, Seguelas MH, Galés C, Senard JM, Arvanitis DN. Nanoscale structural mapping as a measure of maturation in the murine frontal cortex. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:255-265. [PMID: 28779306 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is emerging as an innovative tool to phenotype the brain. This study demonstrates the utility of AFM to determine nanomechanical and nanostructural features of the murine dorsolateral frontal cortex from weaning to adulthood. We found an increase in tissue stiffness of the primary somatosensory cortex with age, along with an increased cortical mechanical heterogeneity. To characterize the features potentially responsible for this heterogeneity, we applied AFM scan mode to directly image the topography of thin sections of the primary somatosensory cortical layers II/III, IV and V/VI. Topographical mapping of the cortical layers at successive ages showed progressive smoothing of the surface. Topographical images were also compared with histochemically derived morphological information, which demonstrated the deposition of perineuronal nets, important extracellular components and markers of maturity. Our work demonstrates that high-resolution AFM images can be used to determine the nanostructural properties of cortical maturation, well beyond embryonic and postnatal development. Furthermore, it may offer a new method for brain phenotyping and screening to uncover topographical changes in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Smolyakov
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- ITAV-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - E Dague
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
- ITAV-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
| | - C Roux
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- ITAV-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire Des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
- Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques Et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM, UMR1048, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - M H Seguelas
- Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques Et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM, UMR1048, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - C Galés
- ITAV-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques Et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM, UMR1048, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - J M Senard
- Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques Et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM, UMR1048, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - D N Arvanitis
- Institut Des Maladies Métaboliques Et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM, UMR1048, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
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40
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Abstract
When assembling as fibrils Aβ40 peptides can only assume U-shaped conformations while Aβ42 can also arrange as S-shaped three-stranded chains. We show that this allows Aβ42 peptides to assemble pore-like structures that may explain their higher toxicity. For this purpose, we develop a scalable model of ring-like assemblies of S-shaped Aβ1-42 chains and study the stability and structural properties of these assemblies through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the proposed arrangements are in size and symmetry compatible with experimentally observed Aβ assemblies. We further show that the interior pore in our models allows for water leakage as a possible mechanism of cell toxicity of Aβ42 amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Xi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA
| | - Ulrich H E Hansmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA.
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Cheng Q, Qiang W. Solid-State-NMR-Structure-Based Inhibitor Design to Achieve Selective Inhibition of the Parallel-in-Register β-Sheet versus Antiparallel Iowa Mutant β-Amyloid Fibrils. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:5544-5552. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Wei Qiang
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
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