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Chasov V, Ganeeva I, Zmievskaya E, Davletshin D, Gilyazova E, Valiullina A, Bulatov E. Cell-Based Therapy and Genome Editing as Emerging Therapeutic Approaches to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2024; 13:1282. [PMID: 39120313 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints. Although much remains unknown about the pathogenesis of RA, there is evidence that impaired immune tolerance and the development of RA are related. And it is precisely the restoration of immune tolerance at the site of the inflammation that is the ultimate goal of the treatment of RA. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in the treatment of RA, with higher rates of disease remission and improved long-term outcomes. Unfortunately, despite these successes, the proportion of patients with persistent, difficult-to-treat disease remains high, and the task of improving our understanding of the basic mechanisms of disease development and developing new ways to treat RA remains relevant. This review focuses on describing new treatments for RA, including cell therapies and gene editing technologies that have shown potential in preclinical and early clinical trials. In addition, we discuss the opportunities and limitations associated with the use of these new approaches in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Chasov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Irina Ganeeva
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zmievskaya
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Aygul Valiullina
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow 119048, Russia
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2
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Bakker L, Choe K, Eussen SJPM, Ramakers IHGB, van den Hove DLA, Kenis G, Rutten BPF, Verhey FRJ, Köhler S. Relation of the kynurenine pathway with normal age: A systematic review. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 217:111890. [PMID: 38056721 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kynurenine pathway (KP) is gaining more attention as a common pathway involved in age-related conditions. However, which changes in the KP occur due to normal ageing is still largely unclear. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available evidence for associations of KP metabolites with age. METHODS We used an broad search strategy and included studies up to October 2023. RESULTS Out of 8795 hits, 55 studies were eligible for the systematic review. These studies suggest that blood levels of tryptophan decrease with age, while blood and cerebrospinal fluid levels of kynurenine and its ratio with tryptophan increase. Studies investigating associations between cerebrospinal fluid and blood levels of kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid with age reported either positive or non-significant findings. However, there is a large heterogeneity across studies. Additionally, most studies were cross-sectional, and only few studies investigated associations with other downstream kynurenines. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review suggests that levels of kynurenines are positively associated with age. Larger and prospective studies are needed that also investigate a more comprehensive panel of KP metabolites and changes during the life-course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6229 HA Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM) and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Inez H G B Ramakers
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel L A van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Gunter Kenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans R J Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML) Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, 6229 ET Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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3
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Fioretti D, Ledda M, Iurescia S, Carletti R, Di Gioia C, Lolli MG, Marchese R, Lisi A, Rinaldi M. Severely Damaged Freeze-Injured Skeletal Muscle Reveals Functional Impairment, Inadequate Repair, and Opportunity for Human Stem Cell Application. Biomedicines 2023; 12:30. [PMID: 38275391 PMCID: PMC10813063 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regeneration of severe traumatic muscle injuries is an unsolved medical need that is relevant for civilian and military medicine. In this work, we produced a critically sized nonhealing muscle defect in a mouse model to investigate muscle degeneration/healing phases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We caused a freeze injury (FI) in the biceps femoris of C57BL/6N mice. From day 1 to day 25 post-injury, we conducted histological/morphometric examinations, an analysis of the expression of genes involved in inflammation/regeneration, and an in vivo functional evaluation. RESULTS We found that FI activates cytosolic DNA sensing and inflammatory responses. Persistent macrophage infiltration, the prolonged expression of eMHC, the presence of centrally nucleated myofibers, and the presence of PAX7+ satellite cells at late time points and with chronic physical impairment indicated inadequate repair. By looking at stem-cell-based therapeutic protocols of muscle repair, we investigated the crosstalk between M1-biased macrophages and human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in vitro. We demonstrated their reciprocal paracrine effects where hAMSCs induced a shift of M1 macrophages into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and M1 macrophages promoted an increase in the expression of hAMSC immunomodulatory factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the rationale for the future use of our injury model to exploit the full potential of in vivo hAMSC transplantation following severe traumatic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fioretti
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Mario Ledda
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Sandra Iurescia
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Raffaella Carletti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cira Di Gioia
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Lolli
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Rodolfo Marchese
- Department of Clinical Pathology, FBF S. Peter Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonella Lisi
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Monica Rinaldi
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
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Hyun SY, Kim EY, Kang M, Park JW, Hong KS, Chung HM, Choi WS, Park SP, Noh G, Kim HS. Embryonic-stem-cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells relieve experimental contact urticaria by regulating the functions of mast cells and T cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22694. [PMID: 38123643 PMCID: PMC10733409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact urticaria (CU) is an inflammatory skin disorder triggered by specific substances upon skin contact, leading to immediate acute or chronic manifestations characterized by swelling and redness. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential in immune diseases, research on the efficacy and mechanisms of stem cell therapy for urticaria remains scarce. This study investigates the regulatory role of embryonic-stem-cell-derived multipotent MSCs (M-MSCs) administered in a CU mouse model. Therapeutic effects of M-MSC administration were assessed in a Trimellitic anhydride-induced contact urticaria model, revealing significant inhibition of urticarial reactions, including ear swelling, itchiness, and skin lesion. Moreover, M-MSC administration exerted control over effector T cell activities in major lymphoid and peripheral tissues, while also suppressing mast cell degranulation in peripheral tissues. Notably, the inhibitory effects mediated by M-MSCs were found to be TGF-β-dependent. Our study demonstrates the capacity of M-MSCs to regulate contact urticaria in a murine model, harmonizing the activation of inflammatory T cells and mast cells. Additionally, we suggest that TGF-β derived from M-MSCs could play a pivotal role as an inhibitory mechanism in contact urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeun Hyun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | | | - Minseong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Jeong Won Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | | | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Mirae Cell Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul, 04795, Korea
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Se-Pill Park
- Mirae Cell Bio Co., Ltd., Seoul, 04795, Korea.
- Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Korea.
| | - Geunwoong Noh
- Department of Allergy, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Center, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, 63127, Korea.
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Korea.
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Abduh MS, Saghir SAM, Al-Gabri NA, Ahmeda AF, Abdelkarim M, Aldaqal SM, Alshawsh MA. Interleukin-35 and Thymoquinone nanoparticle-based intervention for liver protection against paracetamol-induced liver injury in rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103806. [PMID: 37766887 PMCID: PMC10519855 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracetamol (PAR) is a commonly used antipyretic and analgesic agent, but its excessive usage can induce liver damage and major health consequences. Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is utilized to treat immunological disorders, intestinal illness, arthritis, allergic disease, hepatitis, and cancer. Thymoquinone (THYO) is also effective against a wide range of disorders. Consequently, this study sought out to explore the ameliorative effects of IL-35 and THYO against PAR-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sixty male rats were separated into six groups (10 rats/group): I control (0.5 mL NaCl, 0.9%/rat via oral gavage); II (IL-35), and III (TYHO) received intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of IL-35 (200 ng/kg) or THYO (0.5 mg/kg), respectively. Group IV (PAR) received 600 mg/kg of PAR orally; V (PAR + IL-35) and VI (PAR + TYHO); rats received 600 mg/kg of PAR orally and i.p injection of IL-35 (200 ng/kg) or THYO (0.5 mg/kg), respectively. Administration of IL-35 or THYO markedly mitigated the increasing in the levels of liver parameters triggered by PAR and noticeable enhancement of antioxidant and immunological markers were observed. Additionally, IL-35 or THYO decreased TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-10, IL-6 and IFN-γ in contrast to the PAR control group. Moreover, levels of Capase-3, and cytochrome C were significantly reduced by THYO or IL35, while, levels of Bcl-2 were markedly increased. Furthermore, significant downregulation of IL1-β, TNF-α, TGF-β, and Caspas-3 genes, as well as significant upregulation of Bcl-2 and IL-10 expression were detected. In conclusion, IL-35 and THYO insulated liver from PAR toxicity by mitigating oxidative stress, tissue damage, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa Siddiq Abduh
- Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Ayesh Mohammed Saghir
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
| | - Naif Ahmed Al-Gabri
- Laboratory of Salam Veterinary Group, Burydha 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Thamar 124401, Yemen
| | - Ahmad Faheem Ahmeda
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mouaadh Abdelkarim
- College of General Education, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Jelaiah Street, Duhail North, 24449 Doha, Qatar
| | - Saleh Mohammad Aldaqal
- Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alshawsh
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ghasemi M, Roshandel E, Mohammadian M, Farhadihosseinabadi B, Akbarzadehlaleh P, Shamsasenjan K. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived secretome-based therapy for neurodegenerative diseases: overview of clinical trials. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:122. [PMID: 37143147 PMCID: PMC10161443 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past few years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted a great deal of scientific attention owing to their promising results in the treatment of incurable diseases. However, there are several concerns about their possible side effects after direct cell transplantation, including host immune response, time-consuming cell culture procedures, and the dependence of cell quality on the donor, which limit the application of MSCs in clinical trials. On the other hand, it is well accepted that the beneficial effects of MSCs are mediated by secretome rather than cell replacement. MSC secretome refers to a variety of bioactive molecules involved in different biological processes, specifically neuro-regeneration. MAIN BODY Due to the limited ability of the central nervous system to compensate for neuronal loss and relieve disease progress, mesenchymal stem cell products may be used as a potential cure for central nervous system disorders. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of MSC secretome were reviewed and discussed the possible mechanisms in the three most prevalent central nervous system disorders, namely Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. The current work aimed to help discover new medicine for the mentioned complications. CONCLUSION The use of MSC-derived secretomes in the treatment of the mentioned diseases has encouraging results, so it can be considered as a treatment option for which no treatment has been introduced so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghasemi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Roshandel
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Mohammadian
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parvin Akbarzadehlaleh
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Karim Shamsasenjan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Joshi JM, Muttigi MS, Upadhya R, Seetharam RN. An overview of the current advances in the treatment of inflammatory diseases using mesenchymal stromal cell secretome. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36786742 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2180388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has been leading to the utilization of its therapeutic properties in a variety of inflammatory diseases. The clinical translation of the related research from bench to bedside is cumbersome due to some obvious limitations of cell therapy. It is evident from the literature that the MSC secretome components mediate their wide range of functions. Cell-free therapy using MSC secretome is being considered as an emerging and promising area of biotherapeutics. The secretome mainly consists of bioactive factors, free nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles. Constituents of the secretome are greatly influenced by the cell's microenvironment. The broad array of immunomodulatory properties of MSCs are now being employed to target inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the emerging MSC secretome therapies for various inflammatory diseases. The mechanism of action of the various anti-inflammatory factors is discussed. The potential of MSC secretome as a viable anti-inflammatory therapy is deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahnavy Madhukar Joshi
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunatha S Muttigi
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Enforced mesenchymal stem cell tissue colonization counteracts immunopathology. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:61. [PMID: 36261464 PMCID: PMC9582223 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00258-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are distributed within all tissues of the body. Though best known for generating connective tissue and bone, these cells also display immunoregulatory properties. A greater understanding of MSC cell biology is urgently needed because culture-expanded MSCs are increasingly being used in treatment of inflammatory conditions, especially life-threatening immune diseases. While studies in vitro provide abundant evidence of their immunomodulatory capacity, it is unknown whether tissue colonization of MSCs is critical to their ability to dampen/counteract evolving immunopathology in vivo. To address this question, we employed a murine model of fulminant immune-mediated inflammation, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD), provoked by donor splenocyte-enriched full MHC-mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplant. aGvHD induced the expression of E-selectin within lesional endothelial beds, and tissue-specific recruitment of systemically administered host-derived MSCs was achieved by enforced expression of HCELL, a CD44 glycoform that is a potent E-selectin ligand. Compared to mice receiving HCELL− MSCs, recipients of HCELL+ MSCs had increased MSC intercalation within aGvHD-affected site(s), decreased leukocyte infiltrates, lower systemic inflammatory cytokine levels, superior tissue preservation, and markedly improved survival. Mechanistic studies reveal that ligation of HCELL/CD44 on the MSC surface markedly potentiates MSC immunomodulatory activity by inducing MSC secretion of a variety of potent immunoregulatory molecules, including IL-10. These findings indicate that MSCs counteract immunopathology in situ, and highlight a role for CD44 engagement in unleashing MSC immunobiologic properties that maintain/establish tissue immunohomeostasis.
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Promotion of right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction using a novel cardiac patch incorporated with hypoxia-pretreated urine-derived stem cells. Bioact Mater 2022; 14:206-218. [PMID: 35310356 PMCID: PMC8897693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 25% of patients with congenital heart disease require implantation of patches to repair. However, most of the currently available patches are made of inert materials with unmatched electrical conductivity and mechanical properties, which may lead to an increased risk for arrhythmia and heart failure. In this study, we have developed a novel Polyurethane/Small intestinal submucosa patch (PSP) with mechanical and electrical properties similar to those of the native myocardial tissue, and assessed its feasibility for the reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract. A right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction model was constructed in 40 rabbits. Compared with commercially available bovine pericardium patch, the PSP patch has shown better histocompatibility and biodegradability, in addition with significantly improved cardiac function. To tackle the significant fibrosis and relatively poor vascularization during tissue remodeling, we have further developed a bioactive patch by incorporating the PSP composites with urine-derived stem cells (USCs) which were pretreated with hypoxia. The results showed that the hypoxia-pretreated bioactive patch could significantly inhibit fibrosis and promote vascularization and muscularization, resulting in better right heart function. Our findings suggested that the PSP patch combined with hypoxia-pretreated USCs may provide a better strategy for the treatment of congenital heart disease. A novel cardiac patch (PSP) with mechanical and electrical properties similar to native myocardium. PSP patch improved cardiac function in right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction model. Hypoxia pretreated USCs combined PSP patch promoted vascularization and inhibited fibrosis.
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Wang M, Liu M, Huang Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, He K, Bai R, Ying T, Zheng Y. Differential Gene Expression and Methylation Analysis of Melanoma in TCGA Database to Further Study the Expression Pattern of KYNU in Melanoma. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081209. [PMID: 35893303 PMCID: PMC9329910 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare melanoma gene expression profiles in TCGA database through the application of different genes to explore the pathogenesis of melanoma. Furthermore, we confirmed the extent of the role of KYNU in melanoma and whether it can be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. Methods: The gene expression profiles of melanoma samples were downloaded from TCGA database, and matrix files were synthesized to screen differential genes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway analysis and GCDA broad institute were used to analyze common gene locus mutations and expression changes in melanoma, as well as methylation. In addition, the expression patterns of KYNU in melanoma were quantified by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, software such as GEO DataSets and the Human Protein Atlas, and meta-analysis of skin diseases. KYNU was overexpressed in keratinocytes (HaCaT and HEKα) and melanoma cells (A375 and H1205-lu). CFDA-SE, Annexin V–PI double staining, and PI single staining were used to investigate the mechanism of KYNU in melanoma and its effects on melanoma proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Results: The main signaling pathways involved in melanoma were EGF/EGFR–RAS–BRAF–MEK–ERK–CyclinD1/CDK4, Ras–PI3K–PTEN–PKB/AKT, and p14/p16 (CDKN2A)–MDM2–p53–p21–cyclinD1/CDK4/6–Rb/E2F. Moreover, MITF, KIT, CDH1. NRAS, AKT1, EGFR, TP53, KIT, and CDK4 were elevated in melanoma, whereas PTEN, cAMP, and BCL2 were reduced in melanoma. The copy number of tumor-promoting genes increased, while the copy number of tumor suppressor genes decreased. Changes in the copy number of the above tumor genes enriched in chromosomes were found through SNP gene mutations. The genes whose expression was negatively regulated by DNA methylation in melanoma included KRT18, CDK2, JAK3, BCL2, MITF, MET, CXCL10, EGF, SOX10, SOCS3, and KIT. The mutation rate of KYNU was high according to TCGA database. The KYNU level was decreased in melanoma. Overexpression of KYNU can promote changes in apoptotic BCL-2, metabolic KYN, 3-HAA, invasion and migration MMP9, E-cadherin, and other related proteins in melanoma. Fluorescence staining and flow analysis showed that a slower proliferation rate led to a stronger fluorescence intensity. In melanoma tumor cells with a low expression of KYNU, overexpression of KYNU could promote tumor cell apoptosis. IL-10 induced immunoregulatory changes in melanoma. The expression of MMP9 and AMPK decreased in A375, but the change in BCL-2 was not obvious. The expression of BCL-2 decreased significantly in H1205-lu. A375 showed cell-cycle arrest, indicating that IL-10 could slow down the cell cycle of melanoma. Conclusions: These results provide insights into the pathologic mechanisms of melanoma target genes and KYNU as a biomarker and potential therapeutic factor for melanoma.
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Wang S, Wang Y, Xu B, Qin T, Lv Y, Yan H, Shao Y, Fang Y, Zheng S, Qiu Y. Biodistribution of 89Zr-oxine-labeled human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by micro-PET/computed tomography imaging in Sprague-Dawley rats. Nucl Med Commun 2022; 43:834-846. [PMID: 35438673 PMCID: PMC9177155 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a method for labeling human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with 89Zr-oxine to characterize the biodistribution characteristics of hMSCs in normal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in real-time by micro-PET-computed tomography (micro-PET/CT) imaging. METHODS 89Zr-oxine complex was synthesized from 89Zr-oxalate and 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine). After hMSCs were labeled with the 89Zr-oxine complex, the radioactivity retention, viability, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, morphology, and phenotype of labeled cells were assessed. The biodistribution of 89Zr-oxine-labeled hMSCs in SD rats was tracked in real-time by micro-PET/CT imaging. RESULTS The cell labeling efficiency was 52.6 ± 0.01%, and 89Zr-oxine was stably retained in cells (66.7 ± 0.9% retention on 7 days after labeling). Compared with the unlabeled hMSCs, 89Zr-oxine labeling did not affect the biological characteristics of cells. Following intravenous administration in SD rats, labeled hMSCs mainly accumulated in the liver (7.35 ± 1.41% ID/g 10 days after labeling, n = 6) and spleen (8.48 ± 1.20% ID/g 10 days after labeling, n = 6), whereas intravenously injected 89Zr-oxalate mainly accumulated in the bone (4.47 ± 0.35% ID/g 10 days after labeling, n = 3). CONCLUSION 89Zr-oxine labeling and micro-PET/CT imaging provide a useful and non-invasive method of assessing the biodistribution of cell therapy products in SD rats. The platform provides a foundation for us to further understand the mechanism of action and migration dynamics of cell therapy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhe Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Toxicology Department of China Academy of Pharmaceutical Industry Shanghai InnoStar Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai
| | - Yan Wang
- Toxicology Department of China Academy of Pharmaceutical Industry Shanghai InnoStar Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai
| | - Bohua Xu
- Radiographic Evaluation Department of InnoStar Biotechnology Nantong Co. Ltd, Nantong
| | - Tian Qin
- Radiographic Evaluation Department of InnoStar Biotechnology Nantong Co. Ltd, Nantong
| | - Yupeng Lv
- Radiographic Evaluation Department of InnoStar Biotechnology Nantong Co. Ltd, Nantong
| | - Heng Yan
- Radiographic Evaluation Department of InnoStar Biotechnology Nantong Co. Ltd, Nantong
| | - Yifei Shao
- Radiographic Evaluation Department of InnoStar Biotechnology Nantong Co. Ltd, Nantong
| | - Yangyang Fang
- Radiographic Evaluation Department of InnoStar Biotechnology Nantong Co. Ltd, Nantong
| | - Shaoqiu Zheng
- Radiographic Evaluation Department of InnoStar Biotechnology Nantong Co. Ltd, Nantong
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang
- Yangtze Delta Advanced Research Institute, Yangtze Delta Pharmaceutical College Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunliang Qiu
- Toxicology Department of China Academy of Pharmaceutical Industry Shanghai InnoStar Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shanghai
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Abstract
Significance: Cutaneous scarring affects millions of patients worldwide and results in significant financial and psychosocial burdens. Given the immune system's intricate involvement in the initiation and progression of wound healing, it is no surprise that the scarring outcome can be affected by the actions of various immune cells and the cytokines and growth factors they produce. Understanding the role of T cells in regulating immune responses and directing the action of wound mesenchymal cells is essential to developing antifibrotic therapies to reduce the burden of scarring. Recent Advances: As the immune system is intimately involved in wound healing, much work has examined the impact of T cells and their cytokines on the final wound outcome. New innovative tools for studying T cells have resulted in more sophisticated immunophenotyping capabilities and the ability to examine effects of individual cytokines in the wound environment. Critical Issues: Despite continued advances in the study of specific immune cells and their effects on dermal fibrosis, minimal progress has been made to modulate immune responses to result in improved wound cosmesis. Future Directions: The actions of T cells represent potential pharmacologic targets that could lead to novel bioengineered or immunoengineered therapies to improve the lives of people with cutaneous scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walker D. Short
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sundeep G. Keswani
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.,Correspondence: Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin Street Suite 1210, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Saleh M, Fotook Kiaei SZ, Kavianpour M. Application of Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:71. [PMID: 35168663 PMCID: PMC8845364 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating disease that eventually leads to death and respiratory failure. Despite the wide range of drugs, including corticosteroids, endothelin antagonist, and pirfenidone, there is no effective treatment, and the only main goal of treatment is to alleviate the symptoms as much as possible to slow down the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life. Lung transplantation may be a treatment option for a few people if pulmonary fibrosis develops and there is no established treatment. Pulmonary fibrosis caused by the COVID19 virus is another problem that we face in most patients despite the efforts of the international medical communities. Therefore, achieving alternative treatment for patients is a great success. Today, basic research using stem cells on pulmonary fibrosis has published promising results. New stem cell-based therapies can be helpful in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells are easily isolated in large quantities and made available for clinical trials without causing ethical problems. These cells have higher flexibility and proliferation potential than other cells isolated from different sources and differentiated into various cells in laboratory environments. More clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these cells. This study will investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms and possible effects of Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Saleh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Fotook Kiaei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Kavianpour
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li S, Zhu H, Zhao M, Liu W, Wang L, Zhu B, Xie W, Zhao C, Zhou Y, Ren C, Liu H, Jiang X. When stem cells meet COVID-19: recent advances, challenges and future perspectives. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:9. [PMID: 35012650 PMCID: PMC8744050 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 is currently spreading throughout the world with a high rate of infection and mortality and poses a huge threat to global public health. COVID-19 primarily manifests as hypoxic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can lead to multiple organ failure. Despite advances in the supportive care approaches, there is still a lack of clinically effective therapies, and there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies to fight this disease. Currently, stem cell therapy and stem cell-derived organoid models have received extensive attention as a new treatment and research method for COVID-19. Here, we discuss how stem cells play a role in the battle against COVID-19 and present a systematic review and prospective of the study on stem cell treatment and organoid models of COVID-19, which provides a reference for the effective control of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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15
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Immunomodulatory Actions of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) in Osteoarthritis of the Knee. OSTEOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/osteology1040020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular therapy offers regeneration which curbs osteoarthritis of the knee. Among cellular therapies, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are readily isolated from various sources as culture expanded and unexpanded cellular population which are used as therapeutic products. Though MSCs possess a unique immunological and regulatory profile through cross-talk between MSCs and immunoregulatory cells (T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, B cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages), they provide an immunotolerant environment when transplanted to the site of action. Immunophenotypic profile allows MSCs to escape immune surveillance and promotes their hypoimmunogenic or immune-privileged status. MSCs do not elicit a proliferative response when co-cultured with allogeneic T cells in vitro. MSCs secrete a wide range of anti-inflammatory mediators such as PGE-2, IDO, IL-1Ra, and IL-10. They also stimulate the resilient chondrogenic progenitors and enhance the chondrocyte differentiation by secretion of BMPs and TGFβ1. We highlight the various mechanisms of MSCs during tissue healing signals, their interaction with the immune system, and the impact of their lifespan in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee. A better understanding of the immunobiology of MSC renders them as an efficient therapeutic product for the management of osteoarthritis of the knee.
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Rasquinha MT, Sur M, Lasrado N, Reddy J. IL-10 as a Th2 Cytokine: Differences Between Mice and Humans. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:2205-2215. [PMID: 34663593 PMCID: PMC8544817 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of IL-10 more than 30 years ago marked the beginning of our understanding of how cytokines regulate immune responses, based on cross-regulation between Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Although multiple cell types were shown to produce IL-10, its identity as a Th2 cytokine remained strong because it was rigidly associated with Th2 clones in mice, whereas both Th1 and Th2 clones could secrete IL-10 in humans. However, as new Th1/Th2 cell functionalities emerged, anti-inflammatory action of IL-10 gained more attention than its inhibitory effect on Th1 cells, which may occur as an indirect consequence of suppression of APCs. This notion is also supported by the discovery of regulatory T cells, whose suppressor functions involve the mediation of IL-10, among other molecules. From this perspective, we discuss the functionalities of IL-10 by highlighting important differences between mice and humans with an emphasis on the Th1 and Th2 paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima T Rasquinha
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Meghna Sur
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Ninaad Lasrado
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Jay Reddy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111592. [PMID: 34769021 PMCID: PMC8584240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great potential to differentiate into various types of cells, including but not limited to, adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts. In addition to their progenitor characteristics, MSCs hold unique immunomodulatory properties that provide new opportunities in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, and can serve as a promising tool in stem cell-based therapy. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that deteriorates quality and function of the synovium membrane, resulting in chronic inflammation, pain and progressive cartilage and bone destruction. The mechanism of RA pathogenesis is associated with dysregulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Current conventional treatments by steroid drugs, antirheumatic drugs and biological agents are being applied in clinical practice. However, long-term use of these drugs causes side effects, and some RA patients may acquire resistance to these drugs. In this regard, recently investigated MSC-based therapy is considered as a promising approach in RA treatment. In this study, we review conventional and modern treatment approaches, such as MSC-based therapy through the understanding of the link between MSCs and the innate and adaptive immune systems. Moreover, we discuss recent achievements in preclinical and clinical studies as well as various strategies for the enhancement of MSC immunoregulatory properties.
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18
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Short WD, Wang X, Li H, Yu L, Kaul A, Calderon GA, Gilley J, Bollyky PL, Balaji S, Keswani SG. Interleukin-10 Producing T Lymphocytes Attenuate Dermal Scarring. Ann Surg 2021; 274:627-636. [PMID: 34506318 PMCID: PMC8428868 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Demonstrate the impact of IL-10 producing T lymphocytes on mediating dermal scarring. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA We demonstrated that CD4+ cells are essential to improving postinjury wound healing and preventing fibrosis. CD4+ subsets secrete differential cytokine and growth factor profiles, though their role in fibrosis is not known. IL-10, a key anti-inflammatory cytokine shown to promote regenerative wound healing, is secreted by some CD4+ subsets. We, therefore, hypothesize that IL-10 producing CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets selectively attenuate dermal wound fibrosis. METHODS IL-10-/- and wild-type murine splenocytes were enriched for CD4+ lymphocytes and adoptively transferred into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice that received full-thickness wounds which were analyzed at days 7 and 28 for inflammation and collagen content. We then sorted CD4+CD44int/lowFoxP3-CD62L+ T cells (Tnaive) or CD4+CD44HiFoxP3- type 1 regulatory (Tr1) T cell subsets from 10BiT murine splenocytes, activated them, and transferred them into wounds. In vitro, dermal fibroblasts were cocultured with Tnaive or Tr1 and the effect on extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation was analyzed. RESULTS The anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of CD4+ cells on SCID wounds were lost with cells from IL-10-/- mice. Adoptive transfer of Tr1 into SCID mice resulted in accelerated wound closure at d7 with reduced fibrosis at d28, with Tr1 favoring hyaluronan production by fibroblasts, an ECM molecule implicated in IL-10-induced regenerative healing. CONCLUSIONS IL-10 producing T-lymphocytes, specifically Tr1, regulate inflammatory cell cytokine expression to promote HA-rich ECM deposition and attenuate fibrosis. Promoting IL-10 producing lymphocytes in wounds may be a therapeutic target to promote regenerative wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walker D Short
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Aditya Kaul
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Gisele A Calderon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jamie Gilley
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul L Bollyky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Swathi Balaji
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sundeep G Keswani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Mesenchymal stem cells enhance Treg immunosuppressive function at the fetal-maternal interface. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 148:103366. [PMID: 34492568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Well-regulated maternal-fetal immune tolerance is a prerequisite for normal pregnancy. Hyperactivated immune cells and overwhelming inflammatory responses trigger adverse gestation outcome, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Local exacerbation of immunomodulatory cells in maternal decidua is a critical event, tightly linked with fetus acceptance. Owning to the notable immunoregulatory potentials, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been separately reported as promising therapeutic approaches for refractory RSA attributable to certain immune disorders. However, the cross-talk between MSCs and Tregs at the fetal-maternal interface remains poorly understood. Here we revealed, for the first time, that umbilical MSCs could induce expansion of decidual Foxp3+CD4+ T cells with upregulated production of IL-10 and TGF-β. Meanwhile, MSCs reinforced the immune suppressive functions of decidual Tregs (dTregs). More important, MSCs-instructed dTregs gained enhanced capacity to suppress Th1 and Th17 related inflammatory responses. In vivo data demonstrated that adoptive transfer of MSCs obviously promoted accumulation of Foxp3+ dTregs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice abortion model and spontaneous abortion model (DBA/2-mated female CBA/J mice). Furthermore, MSCs treatment effectively ameliorated absorption rate in both models. This study may offer a new insight for the application of MSCs and Tregs in clinical recurrent miscarriage.
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El-Gendy H, Hawass SED, Awad M, Mohsen MA, Amin M, Abdalla HA, Fouad S, Lotfy A. Comparative study between human mesenchymal stem cells and etanercept as immunomodulatory agents in rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. Immunol Res 2021; 68:255-268. [PMID: 32734446 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-020-09132-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To compare human adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) and etanercept as immunomodulatory agents for collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CIA was induced by rats' immunization with collagen type II (CII) in complete Freund's adjuvant in days 0 and 7. Before the onset of CIA, prevention group received five doses of AT-MSCS intraperitoneally. After establishment of arthritis, rats received either five doses of AT-MSCs or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneally or six doses of etanercept subcutaneously. Clinical and histopathological evaluation were performed in all groups; serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and anti-collagen II were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total percent of autoreactive T and regulatory T (Treg) cells were quantified using spleen immune histochemical analysis. AT-MSCs were able to delay the onset of CIA, suppress the ongoing clinical and histopathological signs, decrease serum levels of TNF-α and anti-collagen type II, and downregulate the autoreactive T cells as etanercept. AT-MSCs were more potent in Treg cells upregulation, producing high serum levels of IL10. AT-MSCs might have a therapeutic effect in CIA via their potency in immune cell education, representing an effective new promising approach in rheumatoid arthritis in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba El-Gendy
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Salah El-Deen Hawass
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manal Awad
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona Ahmad Mohsen
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha Amin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Samah Fouad
- Medical Experimental Research Centre , Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Lotfy
- eBiotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Tynecka M, Moniuszko M, Eljaszewicz A. Old Friends with Unexploited Perspectives: Current Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapies in Asthma. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1323-1342. [PMID: 33649900 PMCID: PMC7919631 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a great regenerative and immunomodulatory potential that was successfully tested in numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies of various degenerative, hematological and inflammatory disorders. Over the last few decades, substantial immunoregulatory effects of MSC treatment were widely observed in different experimental models of asthma. Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that stem cell-based treatment could become an attractive means to better suppress asthmatic airway inflammation, especially in subjects resistant to currently available anti-inflammatory therapies. In this review, we discuss mechanisms accounting for potent immunosuppressive properties of MSCs and the rationale for their use in asthma. We describe in detail an intriguing interplay between MSCs and other crucial players in the immune system as well as lung microenvironment. Finally, we reveal the potential of MSCs in maintaining airway epithelial integrity and alleviating lung remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Tynecka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland.
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, Białystok, 15-276, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Eljaszewicz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland.
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22
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Roth-Walter F, Adcock IM, Benito-Villalvilla C, Bianchini R, Bjermer L, Boyman O, Caramori G, Cari L, Fan Chung K, Diamant Z, Eguiluz-Gracia I, Knol EF, Kolios A, Levi-Schaffer F, Nocentini G, Palomares O, Redegeld F, Van Esch B, Stellato C. Immune modulation via T regulatory cell enhancement: Disease-modifying therapies for autoimmunity and their potential for chronic allergic and inflammatory diseases-An EAACI position paper of the Task Force on Immunopharmacology (TIPCO). Allergy 2021; 76:90-113. [PMID: 32593226 DOI: 10.1111/all.14478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic advances using targeted biologicals and small-molecule drugs have achieved significant success in the treatment of chronic allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases particularly for some patients with severe, treatment-resistant forms. This has been aided by improved identification of disease phenotypes. Despite these achievements, not all severe forms of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are successfully targeted, and current treatment options, besides allergen immunotherapy for selected allergic diseases, fail to change the disease course. T cell-based therapies aim to cure diseases through the selective induction of appropriate immune responses following the delivery of engineered, specific cytotoxic, or regulatory T cells (Tregs). Adoptive cell therapies (ACT) with genetically engineered T cells have revolutionized the oncology field, bringing curative treatment for leukemia and lymphoma, while therapies exploiting the suppressive functions of Tregs have been developed in nononcological settings, such as in transplantation and autoimmune diseases. ACT with Tregs are also being considered in nononcological settings such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and chronic inflammatory disorders. After describing the general features of T cell-based approaches and current applications in autoimmune diseases, this position paper reviews the experimental models testing or supporting T cell-based approaches, especially Treg-based approaches, in severe IgE-mediated responses and chronic respiratory airway diseases, such as severe asthma and COPD. Along with an assessment of challenges and unmet needs facing the application of ACT in these settings, this article underscores the potential of ACT to offer curative options for patients with severe or treatment-resistant forms of these immune-driven disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Cristina Benito-Villalvilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lung and Allergy research, Allergy, Asthma and COPD Competence Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Onur Boyman
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), Respiratory Medicine Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Cari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Experimental Studies Medicine at National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London & Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Institute for Clinical Science, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen and QPS-NL, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-ARADyAL, Málaga, Spain
| | - Edward F Knol
- Departments of Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonios Kolios
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Giuseppe Nocentini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank Redegeld
- Faculty of Science, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Betty Van Esch
- Faculty of Science, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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23
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Acute Liver Failure by Promoting Expansion of Regulatory T Cells in an Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-Dependent Manner. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2018-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The influence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the phenotype and function of CD4+CD49b+FoxP3- regulatory cells has not been elucidated. We used Concanavalin A (ConA) - and α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer)-induced acute liver injury to estimate the effects of MSCs on liver-infiltrating CD4+CD49b+FoxP3-regulatory cells. MSCs significantly reduced ConA- and α-GalCer-mediated liver injury in C57BL/6 mice, as demonstrated by biochemical tests, reduced influx of inflammatory CD4+ T cells, and increased presence of CD4+CD49b+FoxP3- regulatory cells in the injured livers. The number of CD4+CD49b+FoxP3-regulatory cells was also significantly increased in α-GalCer-treated mice that received MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM). The presence of 1-methyltryptophan, a specific inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), in MSC-CM completely abrogated the hepatoprotective eff ect of MSCs and significantly decreased the total number of liver-infiltrated CD4+CD49b+FoxP3- regulatory cells, indicating the crucial importance of MSC-derived IDO for the expansion of CD4+CD49b+FoxP3- regulatory cells and the consequent MSC-dependent attenuation of acute liver injury.
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24
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Song Y, Lim JY, Lim T, Im KI, Kim N, Nam YS, Jeon YW, Shin JC, Ko HS, Park IY, Cho SG. Human mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord and bone marrow exert immunomodulatory effects in different mechanisms. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1032-1049. [PMID: 33033563 PMCID: PMC7524695 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive tool to treat graft-versus-host disease because of their unique immunoregulatory properties. Although human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) were the most widely used MSCs in cell therapy until recently, MSCs derived from human umbilical cords (UC-MSCs) have gained popularity as cell therapy material for their ethical and noninvasive collection.
AIM To investigate the difference in mechanisms of the immunosuppressive effects of UC-MSCs and BM-MSCs.
METHODS To analyze soluble factors expressed by MSCs, such as indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 and interleukin (IL)-6, inflammatory environments in vitro were reconstituted with combinations of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1β or with IFN-γ alone. Activated T cells were cocultured with MSCs treated with indomethacin and/or anti-IL-10. To assess the ability of MSCs to inhibit T helper 17 cells and induce regulatory T cells, induced T helper 17 cells were cocultured with MSCs treated with indomethacin or anti-IL-10. Xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease was induced in NOG mice (NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull) and UC-MSCs or BM-MSCs were treated as cell therapies.
RESULTS Our data demonstrated that BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs shared similar phenotypic characteristics and immunomodulation abilities. BM-MSCs expressed more indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase after cytokine stimulation with different combinations of IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor alpha-α and IL-1β or IFN-γ alone. UC-MSCs expressed more prostaglandin E2, IL-6, programmed death-ligand 1 and 2 in the in vitro inflammatory environment. Cyclooxygenase-2 and IL-10 were key factors in the immunomodulatory mechanisms of both MSCs. In addition, UC-MSCs inhibited more T helper 17 cells and induced more regulatory T cells than BM-MSCs. UC-MSCs and BM-MSCs exhibited similar effects on attenuating graft-versus-host disease.
CONCLUSION UC-MSCs and BM-MSCs exert similar immunosuppressive effects with different mechanisms involved. These findings suggest that UC-MSCs have distinct immunoregulatory functions and may substitute BM-MBSCs in the field of cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunejin Song
- Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Lim
- Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Taekyu Lim
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, South Korea
| | - Keon-Il Im
- Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Nayoun Kim
- Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Young-Sun Nam
- Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Young-Woo Jeon
- Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Jong Chul Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sun Ko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - In Yang Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Seok-Goo Cho
- Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
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25
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Kavianpour M, Saleh M, Verdi J. The role of mesenchymal stromal cells in immune modulation of COVID-19: focus on cytokine storm. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:404. [PMID: 32948252 PMCID: PMC7499002 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is quickly spreading all over the world. This virus, which is called SARS-CoV-2, has infected tens of thousands of people. Based on symptoms, the pathogenesis of acute respiratory illness is responsible for highly homogenous coronaviruses as well as other pathogens. Evidence suggests that high inflammation rates, oxidation, and overwhelming immune response probably contribute to pathology of COVID-19. COVID-19 causes cytokine storm, which subsequently leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often ending up in the death of patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotential stem cells that are recognized via self-renewal capacity, generation of clonal populations, and multilineage differentiation. MSCs are present in nearly all tissues of the body, playing an essential role in repair and generation of tissues. Furthermore, MSCs have broad immunoregulatory properties through the interaction of immune cells in both innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to immunosuppression of many effector activities. MSCs can reduce the cytokine storm produced by coronavirus infection. In a number of studies, the administration of these cells has been beneficial for COVID-19 patients. Also, MSCs may be able to improve pulmonary fibrosis and lung function. In this review, we will review the newest research findings regarding MSC-based immunomodulation in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kavianpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Saleh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Verdi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Gonzalez-Pujana A, Vining KH, Zhang DKY, Santos-Vizcaino E, Igartua M, Hernandez RM, Mooney DJ. Multifunctional biomimetic hydrogel systems to boost the immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stromal cells. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120266. [PMID: 32763614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold great therapeutic potential, in part because of their immunomodulatory properties. However, these properties can be transient and depend on multiple factors. Here, we developed a multifunctional hydrogel system to synergistically enhance the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, using a combination of sustained inflammatory licensing and three-dimensional (3D) encapsulation in hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties. The immunomodulatory extracellular matrix hydrogels (iECM) consist of an interpenetrating network of click functionalized-alginate and fibrillar collagen, in which interferon γ (IFN-γ) loaded heparin-coated beads are incorporated. The 3D microenvironment significantly enhanced the expression of a wide panel of pivotal immunomodulatory genes in bone marrow-derived primary human MSCs (hMSCs), compared to two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture. Moreover, the inclusion of IFN-γ loaded heparin-coated beads prolonged the expression of key regulatory genes upregulated upon licensing, including indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and galectin-9 (GAL9). At a protein level, iECM hydrogels enhanced the secretion of the licensing responsive factor Gal-9 by hMSCs. Its presence in hydrogel conditioned media confirmed the correct release and diffusion of the factors secreted by hMSCs from the system. Furthermore, co-culture of iECM-encapsulated hMSCs and activated human T cells resulted in suppressed proliferation, demonstrating direct regulation on immune cells. These data highlight the potential of iECM hydrogels to enhance the immunomodulatory properties of hMSCs in cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Gonzalez-Pujana
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Kyle H Vining
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David K Y Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Edorta Santos-Vizcaino
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Manoli Igartua
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - David J Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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27
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Alahdal M, Duan L, Ouyang H, Wang D. The role of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 in the osteoarthritis. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2322-2343. [PMID: 32655775 PMCID: PMC7344072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease and a leading cause of disability. It involves articular cartilage destruction and a whole joint inflammation. In spite of OA pathogenesis is still unclear, new studies on the OA pathophysiological aetiology and immunomodulation therapy continuously achieve significant advances with new concepts. Here, we focus on the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase1 (IDO1) activity in the osteoarthritis (OA), which is one of the noticeable enzymes in the synovial fluid of arthritis patients. It was recognized as an essential mediator of autoreactive B and T cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and an interesting therapeutic target against RA. However, the role IDO1 plays in the OA pathogenesis hasn't been discussed. The new OA experimental analysis evidenced IDO1 overexpression in the synovial fluid of OA patients, and recent studies reported that IDO1 metabolites were found higher in the OA synovial fluid than RA and spondyloarthropathies (SpA) patients. Moreover, the positive relation of IDO1 metabolites with OA pain and joint stiffness has been confirmed. Thus, the IDO1 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of OA. In this review, the role IDO1 plays in the OA pathogenesis has been deeply discussed. It could be a promising target in the immunotherapy of OA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Alahdal
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center)Shenzhen 518035, P. R. China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic TechnologyShenzhen 518035, P. R. China
| | - Li Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center)Shenzhen 518035, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic TechnologyShenzhen 518035, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Daping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center)Shenzhen 518035, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic TechnologyShenzhen 518035, P. R. China
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28
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Lopez-Santalla M, Hervas-Salcedo R, Fernandez-Garcia M, Bueren JA, Garin MI. Cell Therapy With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induces an Innate Immune Memory Response That Attenuates Experimental Colitis in the Long Term. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:1424-1435. [PMID: 32318720 PMCID: PMC7533896 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] are used in preclinical and clinical studies for treatment of immune-mediated disorders, thanks to their immunomodulatory properties. Cell therapy with MSCs induces multiple effects in the immune system which ultimately lead to increase in the number of immune cells with regulatory phenotype. In this study, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of MSC therapy are maintained in the long term in a clinically relevant mouse model of colitis. METHODS A single dose of adipose-derived MSCs [aMSCs] was infused into dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced colitic mice during the induction phase of the disease. Following a latency period of 12 weeks, mice were re-challenged with a second 7-day cycle of DSS. RESULTS DSS-induced colitic mice treated with aMSCs showed significant reduction in their colitic disease activity index during the second DSS challenge when compared with non-aMSC treated DSS-induced colitic mice. Strikingly, the long-term protection induced by aMSC therapy was also observed in Rag-1-/- mice where no adaptive immune memory cell responses take place. Increased percentages of Ly6G+CD11b+ myeloid cells were observed 12 weeks after the first inflammatory challenge in the peritoneal cavity, spleen, and bone marrow of DSS-induced colitic mice that were infused with aMSCs. Interestingly, upon re-challenge with DSS, these animals showed a concomitant increase in the regulatory/inflammatory macrophage ratio in the colon lamina propria. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate for the first time that MSC therapy can imprint an innate immune memory-like response in mice which confers sustained protection against acute inflammation in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Lopez-Santalla
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [CIEMAT] and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras [CIBER-ER], Madrid, Spain,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz [IIS-FJD/UAM], Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Hervas-Salcedo
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [CIEMAT] and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras [CIBER-ER], Madrid, Spain,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz [IIS-FJD/UAM], Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Fernandez-Garcia
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [CIEMAT] and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras [CIBER-ER], Madrid, Spain,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz [IIS-FJD/UAM], Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Bueren
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [CIEMAT] and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras [CIBER-ER], Madrid, Spain,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz [IIS-FJD/UAM], Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Inmaculada Garin
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [CIEMAT] and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras [CIBER-ER], Madrid, Spain,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz [IIS-FJD/UAM], Madrid, Spain,Corresponding author: Marina Inmaculada Garina, PhD, Building 70, Floor 0, Avda, Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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29
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Identification of Key Genes and Pathways Associated with Sex Differences in Osteoarthritis Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3482751. [PMID: 31886203 PMCID: PMC6925789 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3482751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences have been suggested to play critical roles in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA), resulting in sex-specific prevalence and incidence. However, their roles in the development of OA remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to screen out key genes and pathways mediating biological differences between OA females after menopause and OA males. First, the gene expression data of GSE36700 and GSE55457 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sexes were identified using R software, respectively. The overlapping DEGs were obtained. Then, protein-protein interactive (PPI) network was constructed to further analyze interactions between the overlapping DEGs. Finally, enrichment analyses were separately performed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes tools. In our results, a total of 278 overlapping DEGs were identified between OA females after menopause and OA males, including 219 upregulated and 59 downregulated genes. In the PPI network, seven hub genes were identified, including EGF, ERBB2, CDC42, PIK3R2, LCK, CBL, and STAT1. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, and focal adhesion. In conclusion, the results in the current study suggest that pathways of PI3K-Akt, osteoclast differentiation, and focal adhesion may play important roles in the development of OA females after menopause. EGFR, ERBB2, CDC42, and STAT1 may be key genes related to OA progression in postmenopausal women and may be promising therapeutic targets for OA.
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Okeke EB, Uzonna JE. The Pivotal Role of Regulatory T Cells in the Regulation of Innate Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:680. [PMID: 31024539 PMCID: PMC6465517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The distinction between innate and adaptive immunity is one of the basic tenets of immunology. The co-operation between these two arms of the immune system is a major determinant of the resistance or susceptibility of the host following pathogen invasion. Hence, this interactive co-operation between cells of the innate and adaptive immunity is of significant interest to immunologists. The sub-population of CD4+ T cells with regulatory phenotype (regulatory T cells; Tregs), which constitute a part of the adaptive immune system, have been widely implicated in the regulation of the immune system and maintenance of immune homeostasis. In the last two decades, there has been an explosion in research describing the role of Tregs and their relevance in several immunopathologies ranging from inflammation to cancer. The majority of these studies focus on the role of Tregs on the cells of the adaptive immune system. Recently, there is significant interest in the role of Tregs on cells of the innate immune system. In this review, we examine the literature on the role of Tregs in immunology. Specifically, we focus on the emerging knowledge of Treg interaction with dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and γδ T cells. We highlight this interaction as an important link between innate and adaptive immune systems which also indicate the far-reaching role of Tregs in the regulation of immune responses and maintenance of self-tolerance and immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeka B Okeke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jude E Uzonna
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Preconditioning of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells with Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin-Derived Factors Does Not Enhance Their Neuroregenerative Effect. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8589149. [PMID: 31089335 PMCID: PMC6476049 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8589149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologies of the central nervous system are characterized by loss of brain tissue and neuronal function which cannot be adequately restored by endogenous repair processes. This stresses the need for novel treatment options such as cell-based therapies that are able to restore damaged tissue or stimulate repair. This study investigated the neuroregenerative potential of the conditioned medium of human dental pulp stem cells (CM-hDPSCs) on neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and migration as well as on neurite outgrowth of primary cortical neurons (pCNs). Additionally, the effect of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) priming on the neuroregenerative potential of the hDPSC secretome on NSCs and pCNs was evaluated. L-PRF contains factors that enhance stem cell-induced regeneration, but its effect on hDPSC-mediated neuroregeneration is unknown. This study demonstrated that CM-hDPSCs enhanced neuritogenesis. Moreover, CM-hDPSCs had a chemoattractant effect on NSCs. Although priming hDPSCs with L-PRF increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor secretion, no additional effects on the paracrine-mediated repair mechanisms were observed. These data support the neuroregenerative potential of hDPSCs, and although priming had no additional effect, the potential of L-PRF-primed hDPSCs on distinct regenerative mechanisms remains to be clarified.
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Chen Q, Zhang X, Xiong Y, Chen C, Lv S. The CD25+/CD4+ T cell ratio and levels of CII, CIX and CXI antibodies in serum may serve as biomarkers of pristane-induced arthritis in rats and Rheumatoid Arthritis in humans. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 217:25-31. [PMID: 30472493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Collagen antibodies in serum are involved in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to identify the subtype of collagen antibodies and T cell subtype distribution in pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) and to clarify their roles in the initiation and maintenance of arthritis. METHODS Arthritis was induced in Dark Agouti (DA) rats by injection of pristane. The severity was evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic score systems. The alteration of CD25+/CD4+ T cell ratio in rats was detected by flow cytometry. Collagen type II (CII), CIX, or CXI antibody in serum was determined by ELISA. The levels of Nitric oxide (NO) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were measured by kits. RESULTS The serum levels of CII, CIX, CXI antibodies were significantly increased in RA patients while slightly increased in PIA rats. The ratio of CD25+/CD4+ T cells was significantly higher in RA rats than that in the control group. The serum levels of NO and TRAP in PIA rats and RA patients were higher than that in the control groups, which suggested that the activity of osteoclast was increased in RA. CONCLUSION The ratio of CD25+/CD4+ T cells plays a pivotal role in the development of PIA. The serum levels of NO and TRAP are inflammatory and osteoclast activity indicators. The serum levels of CII, CIX and CXI antibodies may serve as the clinical diagnostic indicators. These findings are important to our understanding of the pathogenesis of RA, and may provide biomarkers of RA diagnosis and therapeutic targets for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Chen
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, P.R. China
| | - Yongmin Xiong
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, P.R. China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Endocrinology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Shemin Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, P.R. China
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Saldaña L, Bensiamar F, Vallés G, Mancebo FJ, García-Rey E, Vilaboa N. Immunoregulatory potential of mesenchymal stem cells following activation by macrophage-derived soluble factors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:58. [PMID: 30760316 PMCID: PMC6375172 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoregulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is triggered by the inflammatory environment, which changes during tissue repair. Macrophages are essential in mediating the inflammatory response after injury and can adopt a range of functional phenotypes, exhibiting pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities. An accurate characterization of MSC activation by the inflammatory milieu is needed for improving the efficacy of regenerative therapies. In this work, we investigated the immunomodulatory functions of MSC primed with factors secreted from macrophages polarized toward a pro-inflammatory or an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We focused on the role of TNF-α and IL-10, prototypic pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively, as priming factors for MSC. METHODS Secretion of immunoregulatory mediators from human MSC primed with media conditioned by human macrophages polarized toward a pro-inflammatory or an anti-inflammatory phenotype was determined. Immunomodulatory potential of primed MSC on polarized macrophages was studied using indirect co-cultures. Involvement of TNF-α and IL-10 in priming MSC and of PGE2 in MSC-mediated immunomodulation was investigated employing neutralizing antibodies. Collagen hydrogels were used to study MSC and macrophages interactions in a more physiological environment. RESULTS Priming MSC with media conditioned by pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory macrophages enhanced their immunomodulatory potential through increased PGE2 secretion. We identified the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α as a priming factor for MSC. Notably, the anti-inflammatory IL-10, mainly produced by pro-resolving macrophages, potentiated the priming effect of TNF-α. Collagen hydrogels acted as instructive microenvironments for MSC and macrophages functions and their crosstalk. Culturing macrophages on hydrogels stimulated anti-inflammatory versus pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Encapsulation of MSC within hydrogels increased PGE2 secretion and potentiated immunomodulation on macrophages, attenuating macrophage pro-inflammatory state and sustaining anti-inflammatory activation. Priming with inflammatory factors conferred to MSC loaded in hydrogels greater immunomodulatory potential, promoting anti-inflammatory activity of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Factors secreted by pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages activated the immunomodulatory potential of MSC. This was partially attributed to the priming effect of TNF-α and IL-10. Immunoregulatory functions of primed MSC were enhanced after encapsulation in hydrogels. These findings may provide insight into novel strategies to enhance MSC immunoregulatory potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Saldaña
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Bensiamar
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Vallés
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Mancebo
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo García-Rey
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Vilaboa
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
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Ayala-Cuellar AP, Kang JH, Jeung EB, Choi KC. Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration and Immunomodulation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:25-33. [PMID: 29902862 PMCID: PMC6319543 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are classified as multipotent stem cells, due to their capability to transdifferentiate into various lineages that develop from mesoderm. Their popular appeal as cell-based therapy was initially based on the idea of their ability to restore tissue because of their differentiation potential in vitro; however, the lack of evidence of their differentiation to target cells in vivo led researchers to focus on their secreted trophic factors and their role as potential powerhouses on regulation of factors under different immunological environments and recover homeostasis. To date there are more than 800 clinical trials on humans related to MSCs as therapy, not to mention that in animals is actively being applied as therapeutic resource, though it has not been officially approved as one. But just as how results from clinical trials are important, so is to reveal the biological mechanisms involved on how these cells exert their healing properties to further enhance the application of MSCs on potential patients. In this review, we describe characteristics of MSCs, evaluate their benefits as tissue regenerative therapy and combination therapy, as well as their immunological properties, activation of MSCs that dictate their secreted factors, interactions with other immune cells, such as T cells and possible mechanisms and pathways involved in these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji-Houn Kang
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Life Science and Bio-Engineering, TheraCell Bio & Science, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Jeon YW, Lim JY, Im KI, Kim N, Nam YS, Song YJ, Cho SG. Enhancement of Graft-Versus-Host Disease Control Efficacy by Adoptive Transfer of Type 1 Regulatory T Cells in Bone Marrow Transplant Model. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 28:129-140. [PMID: 30381994 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10-producing type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells, which are Foxp3-memory T lymphocytes, play important roles in peripheral immune tolerance. We investigated whether Tr1 cells exert immunoregulatory effects in a mouse model of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Mouse CD4+ T cells were induced to differentiate in vitro into Tr1 cells using vitamin D3 and dexamethasone, and these donor-derived Tr1 cells were infused on the day of bone marrow transplantation. The Tr1 cell-transferred group showed less weight-loss and a twofold higher survival rate than the GVHD group, together with markedly decreased histopathologic grades. It was associated with the expansion of CD4+IL-4+ type 2 T-helper (Th2) cells and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. Furthermore, Tr1 cells decreased the numbers of CD4+interferon-γ+ Th1 and CD4+IL-17+ Th17 cells. Recipient mice harbored some Foxp3+ Tregs due to adoptive transfer of Tr1 cells, together with the upregulated expression of costimulatory molecules, including cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS); however, the Treg cells did not show the plasticity. Therefore, adoptive Tr1 cell therapy may be effective against manifestations of GVHD, exert immunomodulatory effects in a manner dependent on CTLA-4 and ICOS, and induce differentiation of the transferred Tr1 cells into Foxp3+ Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Woo Jeon
- 1 Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,2 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,3 Lymphoma-Myeloma Center, Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Lim
- 1 Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,2 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keon-Il Im
- 1 Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,2 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayoun Kim
- 1 Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,2 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Sun Nam
- 1 Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,2 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Jin Song
- 1 Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,2 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Goo Cho
- 1 Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,2 Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,3 Lymphoma-Myeloma Center, Catholic Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang R, Yang X, Wang J, Han L, Yang A, Zhang J, Zhang D, Li B, Li Z, Xiong Y. Identification of potential biomarkers for differential diagnosis between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis via integrative genome‑wide gene expression profiling analysis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:30-40. [PMID: 30483789 PMCID: PMC6297798 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify potential novel biomarkers in synovial tissue obtained from patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Osteoarthritis (OA) for differential diagnosis. The genome-wide expression profiling datasets of synovial tissues from RA and OA cohorts, including GSE55235, GSE55457 and GSE55584 datasets, were retrieved and used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs; P<0.05; false discovery rate <0.05 and Fold Change >2) between RA and OA using R software. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed to determine molecular and biochemical pathways associated with the identified DEGs, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed using Cytoscape software. Significant modules in the PPI network and candidate driver genes were screened using the Molecular Complex Detection Algorithm. Potential biomarkers were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic and logistic regression analyses. Large numbers of DEGs were detected, including 273, 205 and 179 DEGs in the GSE55235, GSE55457 and GSE55584 datasets, respectively. Among them, 80 DEGs exhibited identical expression trends in all the three datasets, including 49 upregulated and 31 downregulated genes in patients with RA. DEGs in patients suffering from RA compared with patients suffering from OA were predominantly associated with the primary immunodeficiency pathway, including interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R) and signal transducer activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). The sensitivity of IL7R + STAT1 to differentiate RA from OA was 93.94% with a specificity of 80.77%. The results generated from analyses of the GSE36700 dataset were closely associated with results generated from analyses of GSE55235, GSE55457 and GSE55584 datasets, which further verified the reliability of the aforementioned results. The results of the present study suggested that increased expression of IL7R and STAT1 in synovial tissue as well as in the primary immunodeficiency may be associated with RA occurrence. These identified novel biomarkers may be used to predict disease occurrence and clinically differentiate RA from OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of The National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of The National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Han
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of The National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Yang
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Dandan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of The National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Baorong Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of The National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zhaofang Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of The National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yongmin Xiong
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of The National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Barnhoorn M, de Jonge-Muller E, Molendijk I, van Gulijk M, Lebbink O, Janson S, Schoonderwoerd M, van der Helm D, van der Meulen-de Jong A, Hawinkels L, Verspaget H. Endoscopic Administration of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Reduces Inflammation in Experimental Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1755-1767. [PMID: 29796655 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a potential therapeutic modality in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) because of their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. However, when injected systemically, only a small portion of the cells, if any, reach the inflamed colon. In this study, we assessed whether endoscopic injections of MSCs into the intestinal wall of the inflamed colon affect the course of experimental colitis. Furthermore, we investigated if injection of aggregated MSCs in spheroids could enhance their therapeutic ability. METHODS Expression levels of in vivo MSC aggregates and in vitro MSC spheroids were compared with monolayer cultured MSCs for both anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative factors. Subsequently, MSCs and MSC spheroids were injected endoscopically in mice with established dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. RESULTS Endoscopically injected MSCs and MSC spheroids both alleviated DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, both in vivo and in vitro MSC spheroids showed increased expression of factors important for immunomodulation and tissue repair, compared with monolayer cultured MSCs. Despite differential expression of these factors, MSC spheroids showed similar clinical efficacy in vivo as single-cell suspension MSCs. Analysis of serum samples and colon homogenates showed that local MSC therapy resulted in increased levels of interferon-γ, indoleamine 2,3-dixoygenase, and interleukin-10. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic injections of MSCs and MSC spheroids in the inflamed colon attenuate DSS-induced colitis. Our data show that endoscopic injection can be a feasible and effective novel application route for MSC therapy in patients with luminal IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Barnhoorn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline de Jonge-Muller
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ilse Molendijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mandy van Gulijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar Lebbink
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stef Janson
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Schoonderwoerd
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Danny van der Helm
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lukas Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hein Verspaget
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Villares R, Criado G, Juarranz Y, Lopez-Santalla M, García-Cuesta EM, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Leceta J, Lucas P, Pablos JL, Martínez-A C, Garin MI, Gomariz RP, Mellado M. Inhibitory Role of Growth Hormone in the Induction and Progression Phases of Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1165. [PMID: 29887869 PMCID: PMC5980961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates an intimate connection between the neuroendocrine and the immune systems. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated growth hormone (GH) involvement in immune regulation. The GH receptor is expressed by several leukocyte subpopulations, and GH modulates immune cell proliferation and activity. Here, we found that sustained GH expression protected against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA); in GH-transgenic C57BL/6 (GHTg) mice, disease onset was delayed, and its overall severity was decreased. The anti-collagen response was impaired in these mice, as were inflammatory cytokine levels. Compared to control arthritic littermates, immunized GHTg mice showed significantly lower RORγt (retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma 2), IL-17, GM-CSF, IL-22, and IFNγ mRNA expression in draining lymph nodes, whereas there were no differences in IL-21, IL-6, or IL-2 mRNA levels. Data thus suggest that Th17/Th1 cell plasticity toward a pathological phenotype is reduced in these mice. Exogenous GH administration in arthritic DBA/1J mice reduced the severity of established CIA as well as the inflammatory environment, which also shows a GH effect on arthritis progression. These results indicate that GH prevents inflammatory joint destruction in CIA. Our findings demonstrate a modulatory GH role in immune system function that contributes to alleviating CIA symptoms and underlines the importance of endocrine regulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villares
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Criado
- Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases Group, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yasmina Juarranz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Lopez-Santalla
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M García-Cuesta
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rodríguez-Frade
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Leceta
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Pablos
- Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases Group, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-A
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina I Garin
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa P Gomariz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Mellado
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Mullick M, Sen D. The Delta Opioid Peptide DADLE Represses Hypoxia-Reperfusion Mimicked Stress Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Part by Downregulating the Unfolded Protein Response and ROS along with Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Effect. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:558-573. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9810-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Yi JZ, Chen ZH, Xu FH, Wang ZY, Zhang HQ, Jiang GS, Luan XY. Interferon-γ suppresses the proliferation and migration of human placenta-derived mesenchmal stromal cells and enhances their ability to induce the generation of CD4 + CXCR5 + Foxp3 + Treg subset. Cell Immunol 2018; 326:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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The Therapeutic Effect of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Chemical-Induced Cystitis in Rats. Int Neurourol J 2018; 22:S34-45. [PMID: 29385783 PMCID: PMC5798637 DOI: 10.5213/inj.1836014.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the therapeutic effect of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (M-MSCs) on ketamine-induced cystitis (KC) in rats. Methods To induce KC, 10-week-old female rats were injected with 25-mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride twice weekly for 12 weeks. In the sham group, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was injected instead of ketamine. One week after the final injection of ketamine, the indicated doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1×106 cells) of M-MSCs (KC+M-MSC group) or PBS vehicle (KC group) were directly injected into the bladder wall. One week after M-MSC injection, the therapeutic outcomes were evaluated via cystometry, histological analyses, and measurement of gene expression. Next, we compared the efficacy of M-MSCs at a low dose (1×105 cells) to that of an identical dose of adult bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs. Results Rats in the KC group exhibited increased voiding frequency and reduced bladder capacity compared to rats of the sham group. However, these parameters recovered after transplantation of M-MSCs at all doses tested. KC bladders exhibited markedly increased mast cell infiltration, apoptosis, and tissue fibrosis. Administration of M-MSCs significantly reversed these characteristic histological alterations. Gene expression analyses indicated that several genes associated with tissue fibrosis were markedly upregulated in KC bladders. However the expression of these genes was significantly suppressed by the administration of M-MSCs. Importantly, M-MSCs ameliorated bladder deterioration in KC rats after injection of a low dose (1×105) of cells, at which point BM-derived MSCs did not substantially improve bladder function. Conclusions This study demonstrates for the first time the therapeutic efficacy of hESC-derived M-MSCs on KC in rats. M-MSCs restored bladder function more effectively than did BM-derived MSCs, protecting against abnormal changes including mast cell infiltration, apoptosis and fibrotic damage.
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Labusca L, Zugun-Eloae F. The Unexplored Role of Intra-articular Adipose Tissue in the Homeostasis and Pathology of Articular Joints. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:35. [PMID: 29556503 PMCID: PMC5845097 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular adipose tissue deposits known as articular fat pads (AFPs) are described to exist within synovial joints. Their assumed role in normal joint biomechanics is increasingly objectivized by means of advanced methods of functional imaging. AFPs possess structural similarity with body subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), however, seems to be regulated by independent metabolic loops. AFP dimension are conserved during extreme WAT states: obesity, metabolic syndrome, lipodystrophy, and cachexia. Hoffa fat pad (HFP) in the knee is increasingly recognized as a major player in pathological joint states such as anterior knee pain and osteoarthritis. HFP contains numerous population of mesenchymal and endothelial progenitors; however, the possible role of mature adipocytes in the maintenance of stem cell niche is unknown. We propose that AFP is an active component of the joint organ with multifunctional roles in the maintenance of joint homeostasis. Endowed with a rich network of sensitive nervous fibbers, AFPs may act as a proprioceptive organ. Adipokines and growth factors released by AFP-resident mature adipocytes could participate in the maintenance of progenitor stem cell niche as well as in local immune regulation. AFP metabolism may be locally controlled, correlated with but independent of WAT homeostasis. The identification of AFP role in normal joint turnover and its possible implication in pathological states could deliver diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Drug and/or cell therapies that restore AFP structure and function could become the next step in the design of disease modifying therapies for disabling joint conditions such as osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Labusca
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, Iasi, Romania
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, Emergency County Hospital Saint Spiridon, Iasi, Romania
- *Correspondence: Luminita Labusca,
| | - Florin Zugun-Eloae
- Immunology and Genetics, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ias‚i, Romania
- Regional Institute of Oncology Iasi - IRO, Ias‚i, Romania
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Immunomodulatory Behavior of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1119:73-84. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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44
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Baumgartner R, Forteza MJ, Ketelhuth DFJ. The interplay between cytokines and the Kynurenine pathway in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Cytokine 2017; 122:154148. [PMID: 28899580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the major metabolic route of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), the enzyme responsible for the first and rate-limiting step in the pathway, as well as other enzymes in the pathway, have been shown to be highly regulated by cytokines. Hence, the KP has been implicated in several pathologic conditions, including infectious diseases, psychiatric disorders, malignancies, and autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Additionally, recent studies have linked the KP with atherosclerosis, suggesting that Trp metabolism could play an essential role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis in the vascular wall. This review summarizes experimental and clinical evidence of the interplay between cytokines and the KP and the potential role of the KP in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Baumgartner
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maria J Forteza
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel F J Ketelhuth
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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Chiang CY, Lee CC, Fan CK, Huang HM, Chiang BL, Lee YL. Osthole treatment ameliorates Th2-mediated allergic asthma and exerts immunomodulatory effects on dendritic cell maturation and function. Cell Mol Immunol 2017; 14:cmi201771. [PMID: 28782757 PMCID: PMC5675958 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osthole, an active component of Chinese herbal medicines, reportedly possesses various pharmacological properties and has potential therapeutic applications. This study explored the anti-allergic effects of osthole in asthmatic mice and investigated the immunomodulatory actions of osthole on dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells. Herein, we show that oral administration of osthole to BALB/c mice after ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization ameliorated all of the cardinal features of T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated allergic asthma; namely, the production of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E, airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and the production of Th2-type cytokines including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Surprisingly, IL-10 production was not inhibited and was even enhanced by osthole treatment. We observed a significant increase in the percentages of IL-10-producing DCs and forkhead box P3-positive regulatory T (Treg) cells in osthole-treated asthmatic mice. Additionally, in vitro analyses revealed that osthole-treated bone-marrow-derived DCs had a partial maturation phenotype, secreting large amounts of IL-10 and low levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and displaying reduced levels of MHC class II surface molecules. These DCs displayed immunosuppressive capacity by directly inhibiting effector T-cell responses or inducing Treg cells. In addition, osthole directly inhibited the activated CD4+ T-cell proliferation and Th1/Th2-type cytokine production in this system. Collectively, these results suggest that DCs and T cells are potential target cells responsible for the action of osthole against allergic asthma.Cellular &Molecular Immunology advance online publication, 7 August 2017; doi:10.1038/cmi.2017.71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Chiang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, China
| | - Chen-Chen Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, China
| | - Chia-Kwung Fan
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, China
| | - Huei-Mei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, China
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan, China
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, China
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Mesenchymal stem cells for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: immune modulation, repair or both? Curr Opin Rheumatol 2017; 29:201-207. [PMID: 27941390 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, in addition to their ability to form cartilage and bone. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent developments and current knowledge gaps in our understanding of the protective effects of MSCs against inflammatory arthritis, and to discuss their clinical exploitation for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RECENT FINDINGS The weight of evidence for protective mechanisms of exogenously administered MSCs is on immunomodulatory effects, including inhibition of dendritic cell maturation, polarization of macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and activation of regulatory T cells, thereby dampening inflammation and preventing joint damage. Evidence for direct effects on tissue repair is scant. Recent studies have identified MSC subsets in vivo and an important question is whether MSCs in their native tissues have similar immunoregulatory functions. Recent proof-of-concept clinical studies have shown a satisfactory safety profile of allogeneic MSC therapy in RA patients with promising trends for clinical efficacy. SUMMARY Allogeneic MSCs could be effective in RA. Larger, multicentre clinical studies are needed to provide robust evidence, and MSC treatment at early stages of RA should be explored to 'reset' the immune system.
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Franceschetti T, De Bari C. The potential role of adult stem cells in the management of the rheumatic diseases. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2017; 9:165-179. [PMID: 28717403 PMCID: PMC5502944 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x17704639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells are considered as appealing therapeutic candidates for inflammatory and degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. A large body of preclinical research has contributed to describing their immune-modulating properties and regenerative potential. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests that stem cell differentiation and function are disrupted in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Clinical studies have been limited, for the most part, to the application of adult stem cell-based treatments on small numbers of patients or as a 'salvage' therapy in life-threatening disease cases. Nevertheless, these preliminary studies indicate that adult stem cells are promising tools for the long-term treatment of rheumatic diseases. This review highlights recent knowledge acquired in the fields of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the management of systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) and the potential mechanisms mediating their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Franceschetti
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Cosimo De Bari
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Function of Dendritic Cells by Secreting Galectin-1. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3248605. [PMID: 28713822 PMCID: PMC5497648 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3248605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can inhibit function of dendritic cells (DCs) by secreting Galectin-1 (Gal-1). BM-MSCs have been shown to inhibit the maturation and function of DCs, further inhibiting the activation and proliferation of T cells. However, the detailed mechanism remains unknown. In this current study, MSCs and DCs derived from mouse bone marrow were cocultured using Transwell culture plates under different in vitro conditions. The results showed that as the ratio of MSC to DC of the coculture system increased and the coculture time of the two cells prolonged, the concentrations of Gal-1, interleukin- (IL-) 10, and IL-12 in the supernatants were increased and the protein expression of Gal-1 on and within DCs was also enhanced. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in DCs was boosted, whereas p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway phosphorylation was weakened. Meanwhile, the expression of costimulatory molecules on the surface of DCs was decreased, and the proliferative effect of DCs on allogeneic T cells was also decreased. Therefore, this present study indicated that Gal-1 secreted from MSCs upregulated expression of Gal-1 and stimulated formation of tolerance immunophenotype on DCs, where the underlying mechanism was the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway in DCs, thereby inhibiting the function of DCs.
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Guan SY, Leng RX, Khan MI, Qureshi H, Li XP, Ye DQ, Pan HF. Interleukin-35: a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Autoimmune Diseases. Inflammation 2017; 40:303-310. [PMID: 27696334 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases contain a large number of pathologies characterized by various factors that contribute to a breakdown in self-tolerance. Cytokine-mediated immunity plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of varieties of autoimmune diseases. Recent studies reveal that interleukin-35 (IL-35), a newly identified cytokine of IL-12 family, is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), etc. In this review, we will discuss the biological features of IL-35 and summarize recent advances in the role of IL-35 in the development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases; the discoveries gained from these findings might translate into future therapies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yang Guan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health and Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rui-Xue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health and Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health and Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Humera Qureshi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health and Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang-Pei Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health and Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health and Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Mancheño-Corvo P, Lopez-Santalla M, Menta R, DelaRosa O, Mulero F, Del Rio B, Ramirez C, Büscher D, Bueren JA, Lopez-Belmonte J, Dalemans W, Garin MI, Lombardo E. Intralymphatic Administration of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduces the Severity of Collagen-Induced Experimental Arthritis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:462. [PMID: 28484460 PMCID: PMC5399019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with immunomodulatory properties. They have emerged as a very promising treatment for autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Previous studies have demonstrated that MSCs, administered systemically, migrate to lymphoid tissues associated with the inflammatory site where functional MSC-induced immune cells with a regulatory phenotype were increased mediating the immunomodulatory effects of MSCs. These results suggest that homing of MSCs to the lymphatic system plays an important role in the mechanism of action of MSCs in vivo. Thus, we hypothesized that direct intralymphatic (IL) (also referred as intranodal) administration of MSCs could be an alternative and effective route of administration for MSC-based therapy. Here, we report the feasibility and efficacy of the IL administration of human expanded adipose mesenchymal stem cells (eASCs) in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). IL administration of eASCs attenuated the severity and progression of arthritis, reduced bone destruction and increased the levels of regulatory T cells (CD25+Foxp3+CD4+ cells) and Tr1 cells (IL10+CD4+), in spleen and draining lymph nodes. Taken together, these results indicate that IL administration of eASCs is very effective in modulating established CIA and may represent an alternative treatment modality for cell therapy with eASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mercedes Lopez-Santalla
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapies Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Francisca Mulero
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Juan A Bueren
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapies Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Marina I Garin
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain.,Advanced Therapies Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
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