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Stanek E, Majka Z, Czamara K, Mazurkiewicz J, Kaczor A. Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy toward In Vivo Assessment of the Adipose Tissue in Cardiometabolic Pathologies. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10373-10379. [PMID: 38865715 PMCID: PMC11209658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) enhanced the capabilities of Raman spectroscopy for the depth-resolved analysis of biological and diffusely scattering samples. This technique offers selective probing of subsurface layers, providing molecular insights without invasive procedures. While SORS has found application in biomedical research, up to now, studies have focused mainly on the detection of mineralization of bones and tissues. Herein, for the first time, SORS is used to assess the soft, organic tissue beneath the skin's surface. In this study, we demonstrate the diagnostic utility of a hand-held SORS device for evaluating the chemical composition of the adipose tissue. We compared perigonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) in a murine model of atherosclerosis, heart failure, and high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity. Our results reveal distinct chemical differences in gWAT between HFD-fed and control mice, showcasing the potential of SORS for intravital adipose tissue phenotype characterization. Furthermore, our findings underscore the effectiveness of SORS as a valuable tool for noninvasive assessment of the adipose tissue composition, holding potential diagnostic significance for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Stanek
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, 11 Lojasiewicza Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian
Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Majka
- Jagiellonian
Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian
Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Mazurkiewicz
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, 11 Lojasiewicza Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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2
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Stanek E, Czamara K. Imaging of perivascular adipose tissue in cardiometabolic diseases by Raman spectroscopy: Towards single-cell analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159484. [PMID: 38521491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has emerged as a dynamic organ influencing vascular function and cardiovascular health. In this brief review, an overview of the recent research in the investigation of PVAT is presented, ranging from in vivo studies to single-cell methodologies, in particular those based on Raman spectroscopy. The strengths and limitations of each, emphasizing their contributions to the current understanding of PVAT biology were discussed. Ultimately, the integration of these diverse methodologies promises to uncover new therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers, including those emerging from simple Raman spectroscopy-based measurements of alterations in lipid unsaturation degree, invariably associated with PVAT dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Stanek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, 11 Lojasiewicza Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
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3
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Majka Z, Zapala B, Krawczyk A, Czamara K, Mazurkiewicz J, Stanek E, Czyzynska-Cichon I, Kepczynski M, Salamon D, Gosiewski T, Kaczor A. Direct oral and fiber-derived butyrate supplementation as an anti-obesity treatment via different targets. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:869-880. [PMID: 38367596 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Butyric (one of the short-chain fatty acids), a major byproduct of the fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates (e.g. fiber), is supposed to have anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties. However, butyrate's potential and mechanism in preventing obesity and the efficient form of administration remain to be clarified. METHODS Hence, we studied the effect of oral supplementation with 5% (w/w) sodium butyrate and 4% (w/w) β-glucan (fiber) on young male mice (C57BL/6J) with high-fat diet-induced obesity (HFD: 60 kcal% of fat + 1% of cholesterol). Six weeks old mice were fed diets based on HFD or control (AIN-93G) diet with/without supplements for 4 weeks. The unique, interdisciplinary approach combining several Raman-based techniques (including Raman microscopy and fiber optic Raman spectroscopy) and next-generation sequencing was used to ex vivo analyze various depots of the adipose tissue (white, brown, perivascular) and gut microbiome, respectively. RESULTS The findings demonstrate that sodium butyrate more effectively prevent the pathological increase in body weight caused by elevated saturated fatty acids influx linked to a HFD in comparison to β-glucan, thereby entirely inhibiting diet-induced obesity. Moreover, butyrate significantly affects the white adipose tissue (WAT) reducing the epididymal WAT mass in comparison to HFD without supplements, and decreasing lipid saturation in the epididymal WAT and perivascular adipose tissue of the thoracic aorta. Contrarily, β-glucan significantly changes the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome, reversing the HFD effect, but shows no effect on the epididymal WAT mass and therefore the weight gain inhibition is not as effective as with sodium butyrate. CONCLUSIONS Here, oral supplementation with sodium butyrate and β-glucan (fiber) has been proven to have an anti-obesity effect through two different targets. Administration-dependent effects that butyrate imposes on the adipose tissue (oral administration) and microbiome (fiber-derived) make it a promising candidate for the personalized treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Majka
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., Krakow 30-348, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., Krakow 30-387, Poland
| | - Barbara Zapala
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska Str., Krakow 31-066, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta Str., Krakow 31-121, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., Krakow 30-348, Poland
| | - Joanna Mazurkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., Krakow 30-387, Poland
| | - Ewa Stanek
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., Krakow 30-348, Poland
| | - Izabela Czyzynska-Cichon
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., Krakow 30-348, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., Krakow 30-387, Poland
| | - Dominika Salamon
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta Str., Krakow 31-121, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gosiewski
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta Str., Krakow 31-121, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., Krakow 30-348, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., Krakow 30-387, Poland.
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4
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Vardaki MZ, Pavlou E, Simantiris N, Lampri E, Seretis K, Kourkoumelis N. Towards non-invasive monitoring of non-melanoma skin cancer using spatially offset Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2023; 148:4386-4395. [PMID: 37593769 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00684k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BCC (basal cell carcinoma) and SCC (squamous cell carcinoma) account for the vast majority of cases of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The gold standard for the diagnosis remains biopsy, which, however, is an invasive and time-consuming procedure. In this study, we employed spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS), a non-invasive approach, allowing the assessment of deeper skin tissue levels and collection of Raman photons with a bias towards the different layers of epidermis, where the non-melanoma cancers are initially formed and expand. Ex vivo Raman measurements were acquired from 22 skin biopsies using conventional back-scattering and a defocused modality (with and without a spatial offset). The spectral data were assessed against corresponding histopathological data to determine potential prognostic factors for lesion detection. The results revealed a positive correlation of protein and lipid content with the SCC and BCC types, respectively. By further correlating with patient data, multiple factor analysis (MFA) demonstrated a strong clustering of variables based on sex and age in all modalities. Specifically for the defocused modality (zero and 2 mm offset), further clustering occurred based on pathology. This study demonstrates the utility of the SORS technology in NMSC diagnosis prior to histopathological examination on the same tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Z Vardaki
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens, 11635, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Pavlou
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Evangeli Lampri
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Seretis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kourkoumelis
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Van Ombergen A, Chalupa-Gantner F, Chansoria P, Colosimo BM, Costantini M, Domingos M, Dufour A, De Maria C, Groll J, Jungst T, Levato R, Malda J, Margarita A, Marquette C, Ovsianikov A, Petiot E, Read S, Surdo L, Swieszkowski W, Vozzi G, Windisch J, Zenobi-Wong M, Gelinsky M. 3D Bioprinting in Microgravity: Opportunities, Challenges, and Possible Applications in Space. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300443. [PMID: 37353904 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting has developed tremendously in the last couple of years and enables the fabrication of simple, as well as complex, tissue models. The international space agencies have recognized the unique opportunities of these technologies for manufacturing cell and tissue models for basic research in space, in particular for investigating the effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation on different types of human tissues. In addition, bioprinting is capable of producing clinically applicable tissue grafts, and its implementation in space therefore can support the autonomous medical treatment options for astronauts in future long term and far-distant space missions. The article discusses opportunities but also challenges of operating different types of bioprinters under space conditions, mainly in microgravity. While some process steps, most of which involving the handling of liquids, are challenging under microgravity, this environment can help overcome problems such as cell sedimentation in low viscous bioinks. Hopefully, this publication will motivate more researchers to engage in the topic, with publicly available bioprinting opportunities becoming available at the International Space Station (ISS) in the imminent future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Van Ombergen
- SciSpacE Team, Directorate of Human and Robotic Exploration Programmes (HRE), European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, Noordwijk, 2201AG, The Netherlands
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Chalupa-Gantner
- Research Group 3D Printing and Biofabrication, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/E308, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Parth Chansoria
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Bianca Maria Colosimo
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Marco Domingos
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering & Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexandre Dufour
- 3d.FAB - ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 and University of Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Department of Information Engineering (DII) and Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Jürgen Groll
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry at the Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry at the Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Margarita
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Christophe Marquette
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- 3d.FAB - ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 and University of Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Aleksandr Ovsianikov
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Research Group 3D Printing and Biofabrication, Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/E308, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Emma Petiot
- 3d.FAB - ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 and University of Lyon, 1 rue Victor Grignard, Villeurbanne, 69100, France
| | - Sophia Read
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering & Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Leonardo Surdo
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Space Applications Services NV/SA for the European Space Agency (ESA), Keplerlaan 1, Noordwijk, 2201AG, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska Str. 141, Warsaw, 02-507, Poland
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Information Engineering (DII) and Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Johannes Windisch
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- ESA Topical Team on "3D Bioprinting of living tissue for utilization in space exploration and extraterrestrial human settlements", 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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Fernández-Galiana Á, Bibikova O, Vilms Pedersen S, Stevens MM. Fundamentals and Applications of Raman-Based Techniques for the Design and Development of Active Biomedical Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2210807. [PMID: 37001970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is an analytical method based on light-matter interactions that can interrogate the vibrational modes of matter and provide representative molecular fingerprints. Mediated by its label-free, non-invasive nature, and high molecular specificity, Raman-based techniques have become ubiquitous tools for in situ characterization of materials. This review comprehensively describes the theoretical and practical background of Raman spectroscopy and its advanced variants. The numerous facets of material characterization that Raman scattering can reveal, including biomolecular identification, solid-to-solid phase transitions, and spatial mapping of biomolecular species in bioactive materials, are highlighted. The review illustrates the potential of these techniques in the context of active biomedical material design and development by highlighting representative studies from the literature. These studies cover the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of both natural and synthetic biomaterials, including engineered tissue constructs, biopolymer systems, ceramics, and nanoparticle formulations, among others. To increase the accessibility and adoption of these techniques, the present review also provides the reader with practical recommendations on the integration of Raman techniques into the experimental laboratory toolbox. Finally, perspectives on how recent developments in plasmon- and coherently-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can propel Raman from underutilized to critical for biomaterial development are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Galiana
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Olga Bibikova
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Simon Vilms Pedersen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
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7
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Czamara K, Majka Z, Stanek E, Hachlica N, Kaczor A. Raman studies of the adipose tissue: Current state-of-art and future perspectives in diagnostics. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 87:101183. [PMID: 35961483 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The last decades revealed that the adipose tissue shows an unexplored therapeutic potential. In particular, targeting the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), that surrounds blood vessels, can prevent cardiovascular pathologies and browning of the adipose tissue can become an effective strategy against obesity. Therefore, new analytical tools are necessary to analyze this tissue. This review reports on the recent developments of various Raman-based techniques for the identification and quantification of the adipose tissue compared to conventional analytical methods. In particular, the emphasis is on analysis of PVAT, investigation of pathological changes of the adipose tissue in model systems and possibilities for its characterization in the clinical context. Overall, the review critically discusses the potential and limitations of Raman techniques in adipose tissue-targeted diagnostics and possible future anti-obesity therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Zuzanna Majka
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Stanek
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Hachlica
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Jagiellonian Centre of Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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8
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Majka Z, Czamara K, Janus J, Kępczyński M, Kaczor A. Prominent hypertrophy of perivascular adipocytes due to short-term high fat diet. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166315. [PMID: 34875367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Excessive lipid accumulation is a serious problem in obesity leading to adipose tissue (AT) overgrowth, chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and elevated risk of cardiovascular complications. In this work, Raman techniques coupled with fluorescence imaging were applied to characterize the effects of short-term (2 weeks) and extended (up to 8 weeks) high-fat diet (HFD) feeding on various depots of the adipose tissue of young and mature mice. Our results proved the synergistic effect of age and HFD-induced obesity manifested by changes in the morphology of adipocytes and the chemical composition of lipids. After 2 weeks of HFD feeding of young animals, substantial hypertrophy of adipocytes but only for the periaortic adipose tissue was detected with a significant decrease in lipid unsaturation degree solely in the epididymal white adipose tissue. The periaortic AT did not altered chemically due to short-term HFD feeding, however, it changed with age and with prolonged exposure to harmful factors. For older animals only brown AT remains resistant on HFD underlying its protective role and highlighting its potential as a target in obesity therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Majka
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Janus
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kępczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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9
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Assessment of Skin Deep Layer Biochemical Profile Using Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skin cancer is currently the most common type of cancer with millions of cases diagnosed worldwide yearly. The current gold standard for clinical diagnosis of skin cancer is an invasive and relatively time-consuming procedure, consisting of visual examination followed by biopsy collection and histopathological analysis. Raman spectroscopy has been shown to efficiently aid the non-invasive diagnosis of skin cancer when probing the surface of the skin. In this study, we employ a recent development of Raman spectroscopy (Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy, SORS) which is able to look deeper in tissue and create a deep layer biochemical profile of the skin in areas where cancer lesions subtly evolve. After optimizing the measurement parameters on skin tissue phantoms, we then adopted SORS on human skin tissue from different anatomical areas to investigate the contribution of the different skin layers to the recorded Raman signal. Our results show that using a diffuse beam with zero offset to probe a sampling volume where the lesion is typically included (surface to epidermis-dermis junction), provides the optimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and may be employed in future skin cancer screening applications.
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Donjuán-Loredo G, Espinosa-Tanguma R, León-Bejarano F, Ramírez-Elías JA, Salgado-Delgado R, González FJ, Guevara E, Ramírez-Elías MG. Raman Spectroscopy for Adipose Tissue Assessment in Rat Models of Obesity and Type 1 Diabetes. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 75:1189-1197. [PMID: 33464156 DOI: 10.1177/0003702821990357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue presents structural and functional changes in obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In obesity, the size and number of adipocytes and adipokine secretion increases. In T1DM, a loss of adipose tissue suggests changes in the metabolic activity of this tissue. A significant challenge is to find alternative noninvasive methods to evaluate molecular changes in adipose tissue related to obesity and T1DM. Recently, Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics techniques have emerged as a tool for biological tissue analysis. In this work, we propose the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize spectral differences in adipose tissue from different rat groups (control, obese, and T1DM). The Raman spectra were analyzed using direct band analysis, ratiometric analysis, and chemometric methods (principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machines (SVMs)). We found that the Raman spectra of obese rats showed significant spectral differences compared to control and diabetic groups related to fatty acids Raman bands. Also, the obese group has a significant decrease in the degree of unsaturation of lipids. The PCA-SVM models showed classification performance ranging from 71.43% to 71.79% accuracy for brown and white adipose tissue samples, respectively. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy can be used as a nondestructive method to assess adipose tissue according to a metabolic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabiola León-Bejarano
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Jordi A Ramírez-Elías
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Francisco J González
- Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Edgar Guevara
- Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
- CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
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11
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Raman Study on Lipid Droplets in Hepatic Cells Co-Cultured with Fatty Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147378. [PMID: 34298998 PMCID: PMC8307330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate molecular compositions of lipid droplets changing in live hepatic cells stimulated with major fatty acids in the human body, i.e., palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. HepG2 cells were used as the model hepatic cells. Morphological changes of lipid droplets were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) during co-cultivation with fatty acids up to 5 days. The compositional changes in the fatty chains included in the lipid droplets were analyzed via Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics. The growth curves of the cells indicated that palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids induced cell death in HepG2 cells, but oleic acid did not. Microscopic observations suggested that the rates of fat accumulation were high for oleic and linoleic acids, but low for palmitic and stearic acids. Raman analysis indicated that linoleic fatty chains taken into the cells are modified into oleic fatty chains. These results suggest that the signaling pathway of cell death is independent of fat stimulations. Moreover, these results suggest that hepatic cells have a high affinity for linoleic acid, but linoleic acid induces cell death in these cells. This may be one of the causes of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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12
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Malkovskiy AV, Van Wassenhove LD, Goltsev Y, Osei-Sarfo K, Chen CH, Efron B, Gudas LJ, Mochly-Rosen D, Rajadas J. The Effect of Ethanol Consumption on Composition and Morphology of Femur Cortical Bone in Wild-Type and ALDH2*2-Homozygous Mice. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:265-276. [PMID: 33068139 PMCID: PMC8092984 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
ALDH2 inactivating mutation (ALDH2*2) is the most abundant mutation leading to bone morphological aberration. Osteoporosis has long been associated with changes in bone biomaterial in elderly populations. Such changes can be exacerbated with elevated ethanol consumption and in subjects with impaired ethanol metabolism, such as carriers of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2)-deficient gene, ALDH2*2. So far, little is known about bone compositional changes besides a decrease in mineralization. Raman spectroscopic imaging has been utilized to study the changes in overall composition of C57BL/6 female femur bone sections, as well as in compound spatial distribution. Raman maps of bone sections were analyzed using multilinear regression with these four isolated components, resulting in maps of their relative distribution. A 15-week treatment of both wild-type (WT) and ALDH2*2/*2 mice with 20% ethanol in the drinking water resulted in a significantly lower mineral content (p < 0.05) in the bones. There was no significant change in mineral and collagen content due to the mutation alone (p > 0.4). Highly localized islets of elongated adipose tissue were observed on most maps. Elevated fat content was found in ALDH2*2 knock-in mice consuming ethanol (p < 0.0001) and this effect appeared cumulative. This work conclusively demonstrates that that osteocytes in femurs of older female mice accumulate fat, as has been previously theorized, and that fat accumulation is likely modulated by levels of acetaldehyde, the ethanol metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Malkovskiy
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Lauren D Van Wassenhove
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yury Goltsev
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kwame Osei-Sarfo
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Bradley Efron
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Medical School, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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13
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Gardner B, Matousek P, Stone N. Self-absorption corrected non-invasive transmission Raman spectroscopy (of biological tissue). Analyst 2021; 146:1260-1267. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01940b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Higher contrast of subsurface Raman spectra is achievable with self-absorption corrected transmission Raman spectroscopy. (Desired signal in red, interfering matrix artefacts in blue.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gardner
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Exeter
- Exeter
- UK
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Pavel Matousek
- Central Laser Facility
- Research Complex at Harwell
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- Harwell Oxford
- UK
| | - Nicholas Stone
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Exeter
- Exeter
- UK
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust
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14
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Brimas G, Skaudzius R, Brimiene V, Vaitkus R, Kareiva A. Microstructural features of lyophilized adipose - A new concept to estimate the metabolic symptoms for obese patients. Med Hypotheses 2019; 136:109526. [PMID: 31855681 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of different morphological features in different layers of lyophilized adipose tissue. In this work the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was adopted for investigation of lyophilized adipose tissue taken from obese patients. The adipose tissue was taken from subcutaneous (SAT), preperitoneal (PAT) and visceral (VAT) layers of adipose tissue. The obtained results of the main microstructural features provided information about morphological features of subcutaneous, preperitoneal and visceral layers in obese people. The obtained SEM results possibly could be used for the estimation of metabolic symptoms and prediction different diseases. The SEM method was never used before to investigate morphology of SAT, PAT and VAT layers of lyophilized human adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintautas Brimas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Vilnius University, Siltnamiu 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Skaudzius
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Brimiene
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Abdominal Surgery, Vilnius University, Santariskiu 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Vaitkus
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aivaras Kareiva
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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15
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Meksiarun P, Aoki PHB, Van Nest SJ, Sobral-Filho RG, Lum JJ, Brolo AG, Jirasek A. Breast cancer subtype specific biochemical responses to radiation. Analyst 2018; 143:3850-3858. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00345a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
External beam radiotherapy is a common form of treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiranuphon Meksiarun
- Department of Physics
- I.K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences
- University of British Columbia – Okanagan
- Kelowna
- Canada
| | - Pedro H. B. Aoki
- São Paulo State University (UNESP)
- School of Sciences
- Humanities and Languages
- Campus Assis
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Julian J. Lum
- University of Victoria
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology
- Victoria
- Canada
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre
| | | | - Andrew Jirasek
- Department of Physics
- I.K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences
- University of British Columbia – Okanagan
- Kelowna
- Canada
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