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Ding Y, Hou D, Yin Y, Chen K, He J, Yan S, Li H, Xiong Y, Zhou W, Li M. Genetic dissection of Brassica napus seed vigor after aging. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:141. [PMID: 38789698 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Stable and novel QTLs that affect seed vigor under different storage durations were discovered, and BnaOLE4, located in the interval of cqSW-C2-3, increased seed vigor after aging. Seed vigor is an important trait in crop breeding; however, the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms governing this trait in rapeseed remain largely unknown. In the present study, vigor-related traits were analyzed in seeds from a doubled haploid (DH) rapeseed (Brassica napus) population grown in 2 different environments using seeds stored for 7, 5, and 3 years under natural storage conditions. A total of 229 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified and were found to explain 3.78%-17.22% of the phenotypic variance for seed vigor-related traits after aging. We further demonstrated that seed vigor-related traits were positively correlated with oil content (OC) but negatively correlated with unsaturated fatty acids (FAs). Some pleiotropic QTLs that collectively regulate OC, FAs, and seed vigor, such as uq.A8, uq.A3-2, uq.A9-2, and uq.C3-1, were identified. The transcriptomic results from extreme pools of DH lines with distinct seed vigor phenotypes during accelerated aging revealed that various biological pathways and metabolic processes (such as glutathione metabolism and reactive oxygen species) were involved in seed vigor. Through integration of QTL analysis and RNA-Seq, a regulatory network for the control of seed vigor was constructed. Importantly, a candidate (BnaOLE4) from cqSW-C2-3 was selected for functional analysis, and transgenic lines overexpressing BnaOLE4 showed increased seed vigor after artificial aging. Collectively, these results provide novel information on QTL and potential candidate genes for molecular breeding for improved seed storability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Ding
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dalin Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jianjie He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuxiang Yan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yiyi Xiong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weixian Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Ding Y, Li H, Liu X, Cheng X, Chen W, Wu M, Chen L, He J, Chao H, Jia H, Fu C, Li M. Multi-Omics Analysis Revealed the AGR-FC.C3 Locus of Brassica napus as a Novel Candidate for Controlling Petal Color. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:507. [PMID: 38498487 PMCID: PMC10892695 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Variations in the petal color of Brassica napus are crucial for ornamental value, but the controlled loci for breeding remain to be unraveled. Here, we report a candidate locus, AGR-FC.C3, having conducted a bulked segregant analysis on a segregating population with different petal colors. Our results showed that the locus covers 9.46 Mb of the genome, harboring 951 genes. BnaC03.MYB4, BnaC03.MYB85, BnaC03.MYB73, BnaC03.MYB98, and BnaC03.MYB102 belonging to MYB TFs families that might regulate the petal color were observed. Next, a bulk RNA sequencing of white and orange-yellow petals on three development stages was performed to further identify the possible governed genes. The results revealed a total of 51 genes by overlapping the transcriptome data and the bulked segregant analysis data, and it was found that the expression of BnaC03.CCD4 was significantly up-regulated in the white petals at three development stages. Then, several novel candidate genes such as BnaC03.ENDO3, BnaC03.T22F8.180, BnaC03.F15C21.8, BnaC03.Q8GSI6, BnaC03.LSD1, BnaC03.MAP1Da, BnaC03.MAP1Db, and BnaC03G0739700ZS putative to controlling the petal color were identified through deeper analysis. Furthermo re, we have developed two molecular markers for the reported functional gene BnaC03.CCD4 to discriminate the white and orange-yellow petal colors. Our results provided a novel locus for breeding rapeseed with multi-color petals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Ding
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingli Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liurong Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianjie He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Haibo Jia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chunhua Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.D.); (H.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (W.C.); (M.W.); (L.C.); (J.H.); (H.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
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Zhang L, Liu L, Li H, He J, Chao H, Yan S, Yin Y, Zhao W, Li M. 3D genome structural variations play important roles in regulating seed oil content of Brassica napus. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100666. [PMID: 37496273 PMCID: PMC10811347 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Dissecting the complex regulatory mechanism of seed oil content (SOC) is one of the main research goals in Brassica napus. Increasing evidence suggests that genome architecture is linked to multiple biological functions. However, the effect of genome architecture on SOC regulation remains unclear. Here, we used high-throughput chromatin conformation capture to characterize differences in the three-dimensional (3D) landscape of genome architecture of seeds from two B. napus lines, N53-2 (with high SOC) and Ken-C8 (with low SOC). Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that differentially accessible regions and differentially expressed genes between N53-2 and Ken-C8 were preferentially enriched in regions with quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/associated genomic regions (AGRs) for SOC. A multi-omics analysis demonstrated that expression of SOC-related genes was tightly correlated with genome structural variations in QTLs/AGRs of B. napus. The candidate gene BnaA09g48250D, which showed structural variation in a QTL/AGR on chrA09, was identified by fine-mapping of a KN double-haploid population derived from hybridization of N53-2 and Ken-C8. Overexpression and knockout of BnaA09g48250D led to significant increases and decreases in SOC, respectively, in the transgenic lines. Taken together, our results reveal the 3D genome architecture of B. napus seeds and the roles of genome structural variations in SOC regulation, enriching our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of SOC regulation from the perspective of spatial chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Wuhan Frasergen Bioinformatics Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianjie He
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuxiang Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yontai Yin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Alam B, Liu R, Gong J, Li J, Yan H, Ge Q, Xiao X, Pan J, Shang H, Shi Y, Yuan Y, Gong W. Hub Genes in Stable QTLs Orchestrate the Accumulation of Cottonseed Oil in Upland Cotton via Catalyzing Key Steps of Lipid-Related Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16595. [PMID: 38068920 PMCID: PMC10706765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Upland cotton is the fifth-largest oil crop in the world, with an average supply of nearly 20% of vegetable oil production. Cottonseed oil is also an ideal alternative raw material to be efficiently converted into biodiesel. However, the improvement in kernel oil content (KOC) of cottonseed has not received sufficient attention from researchers for a long time, due to the fact that the main product of cotton planting is fiber. Previous studies have tagged QTLs and identified individual candidate genes that regulate KOC of cottonseed. The regulatory mechanism of oil metabolism and accumulation of cottonseed are still elusive. In the current study, two high-density genetic maps (HDGMs), which were constructed based on a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 231 individuals, were used to identify KOC QTLs. A total of forty-three stable QTLs were detected via these two HDGM strategies. Bioinformatic analysis of all the genes harbored in the marker intervals of the stable QTLs revealed that a total of fifty-one genes were involved in the pathways related to lipid biosynthesis. Functional analysis via coexpression network and RNA-seq revealed that the hub genes in the co-expression network that also catalyze the key steps of fatty acid synthesis, lipid metabolism and oil body formation pathways (ACX4, LACS4, KCR1, and SQD1) could jointly orchestrate oil accumulation in cottonseed. This study will strengthen our understanding of oil metabolism and accumulation in cottonseed and contribute to KOC improvement in cottonseed in the future, enhancing the security and stability of worldwide food supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena Alam
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Ruixian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Juwu Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junwen Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haoliang Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qun Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Jingtao Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Haihong Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuzhen Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Youlu Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wankui Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
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Zhu J, Dai W, Chen B, Cai G, Wu X, Yan G. Research Progress on the Effect of Nitrogen on Rapeseed between Seed Yield and Oil Content and Its Regulation Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14504. [PMID: 37833952 PMCID: PMC10572985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in China. Improving the oil production of rapeseed is an important way to ensure the safety of edible oil in China. Oil production is an important index that reflects the quality of rapeseed and is determined by the oil content and yield. Applying nitrogen is an important way to ensure a strong and stable yield. However, the seed oil content has been shown to be reduced in most rapeseed varieties after nitrogen application. Thus, it is critical to screen elite germplasm resources with stable or improved oil content under high levels of nitrogen, and to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the regulation by nitrogen of oil accumulation. However, few studies on these aspects have been published. In this review, we analyze the effect of nitrogen on the growth and development of rapeseed, including photosynthetic assimilation, substance distribution, and the synthesis of lipids and proteins. In this process, the expression levels of genes related to nitrogen absorption, assimilation, and transport changed after nitrogen application, which enhanced the ability of carbon and nitrogen assimilation and increased biomass, thus leading to a higher yield. After a crop enters the reproductive growth phase, photosynthates in the body are transported to the developing seed for protein and lipid synthesis. However, protein synthesis precedes lipid synthesis, and a large number of photosynthates are consumed during protein synthesis, which weakens lipid synthesis. Moreover, we suggest several research directions, especially for exploring genes involved in lipid and protein accumulation under nitrogen regulation. In this study, we summarize the effects of nitrogen at both the physiological and molecular levels, aiming to reveal the mechanisms of nitrogen regulation in oil accumulation and, thereby, provide a theoretical basis for breeding varieties with a high oil content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guixin Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (J.Z.)
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Bilgrami S, Darzi Ramandi H, Farokhzadeh S, Rousseau-Gueutin M, Sobhani Najafabadi A, Ghaderian M, Huang P, Liu L. Meta-analysis of seed weight QTLome using a consensus and highly dense genetic map in Brassica napus L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:161. [PMID: 37354229 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We report here the discovery of high-confidence MQTL regions and of putative candidate genes associated with seed weight in B. napus using a highly dense consensus genetic map and by comparing various large-scale multiomics datasets. Seed weight (SW) is a direct determinant of seed yield in Brassica napus and is controlled by many loci. To unravel the main genomic regions associated with this complex trait, we used 13 available genetic maps to construct a consensus and highly dense map, comprising 40,401 polymorphic markers and 9191 genetic bins, harboring a cumulative length of 3047.8 cM. Then, we performed a meta-analysis using 639 projected SW quantitative trait loci (QTLs) obtained from studies conducted since 1999, enabling the identification of 57 meta-QTLS (MQTLs). The confidence intervals of our MQTLs were 9.8 and 4.3 times lower than the average CIs of the original QTLs for the A and C subgenomes, respectively, resulting in the detection of some key genes and several putative novel candidate genes associated with SW. By comparing the genes identified in MQTL intervals with multiomics datasets and coexpression analyses of common genes, we defined a more reliable and shorter list of putative candidate genes potentially involved in the regulation of seed maturation and SW. As an example, we provide a list of promising genes with high expression levels in seeds and embryos (e.g., BnaA03g04230D, BnaC03g08840D, BnaA10g29580D and BnaA03g27410D) that can be more finely studied through functional genetics experiments or that may be useful for MQTL-assisted breeding for SW. The high-density genetic consensus map and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) physical map generated from the latest B. napus cv. Darmor-bzh v10 assembly will be a valuable resource for further mapping and map-based cloning of other important traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayedehsaba Bilgrami
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hadi Darzi Ramandi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Sara Farokhzadeh
- Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Sobhani Najafabadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran - Isfahan Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghaderian
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Pu Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Liezhao Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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7
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Guo L, Chao H, Yin Y, Li H, Wang H, Zhao W, Hou D, Zhang L, Zhang C, Li M. New insight into the genetic basis of oil content based on noninvasive three-dimensional phenotyping and tissue-specific transcriptome in Brassica napus. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:88. [PMID: 37221547 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing seed oil content is the most important breeding goal in Brassica napus, and phenotyping is crucial to dissect its genetic basis in crops. To date, QTL mapping for oil content has been based on whole seeds, and the lipid distribution is far from uniform in different tissues of seeds in B. napus. In this case, the phenotype based on whole seeds was unable to sufficiently reveal the complex genetic characteristics of seed oil content. RESULTS Here, the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of lipid was determined for B. napus seeds by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3D quantitative analysis, and ten novel oil content-related traits were obtained by subdividing the seeds. Based on a high-density genetic linkage map, 35 QTLs were identified for 4 tissues, the outer cotyledon (OC), inner cotyledon (IC), radicle (R) and seed coat (SC), which explained up to 13.76% of the phenotypic variation. Notably, 14 tissue-specific QTLs were reported for the first time, 7 of which were novel. Moreover, haplotype analysis showed that the favorable alleles for different seed tissues exhibited cumulative effects on oil content. Furthermore, tissue-specific transcriptomes revealed that more active energy and pyruvate metabolism influenced carbon flow in the IC, OC and R than in the SC at the early and middle seed development stages, thus affecting the distribution difference in oil content. Combining tissue-specific QTL mapping and transcriptomics, 86 important candidate genes associated with lipid metabolism were identified that underlie 19 unique QTLs, including the fatty acid synthesis rate-limiting enzyme-related gene CAC2, in the QTLs for OC and IC. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides further insight into the genetic basis of seed oil content at the tissue-specific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxing Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dalin Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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8
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Starosta E, Szwarc J, Niemann J, Szewczyk K, Weigt D. Brassica napus Haploid and Double Haploid Production and Its Latest Applications. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4431-4450. [PMID: 37232751 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed is one of the most important oil crops in the world. Increasing demand for oil and limited agronomic capabilities of present-day rapeseed result in the need for rapid development of new, superior cultivars. Double haploid (DH) technology is a fast and convenient approach in plant breeding as well as genetic research. Brassica napus is considered a model species for DH production based on microspore embryogenesis; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying microspore reprogramming are still vague. It is known that morphological changes are accompanied by gene and protein expression patterns, alongside carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Novel, more efficient methods for DH rapeseed production have been reported. This review covers new findings and advances in Brassica napus DH production as well as the latest reports related to agronomically important traits in molecular studies employing the double haploid rapeseed lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Starosta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Justyna Szwarc
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Janetta Niemann
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szewczyk
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Weigt
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
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9
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He J, Zhang K, Yan S, Tang M, Zhou W, Yin Y, Chen K, Zhang C, Li M. Genome-scale targeted mutagenesis in Brassica napus using a pooled CRISPR library. Genome Res 2023; 33:798-809. [PMID: 37290935 PMCID: PMC10317123 DOI: 10.1101/gr.277650.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The recently constructed mutant libraries of diploid crops by the CRISPR-Cas9 system have provided abundant resources for functional genomics and crop breeding. However, because of the genome complexity, it is a big challenge to accomplish large-scale targeted mutagenesis in polyploid plants. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of using a pooled CRISPR library to achieve genome-scale targeted editing in an allotetraploid crop of Brassica napus A total of 18,414 sgRNAs were designed to target 10,480 genes of interest, and afterward, 1104 regenerated transgenic plants harboring 1088 sgRNAs were obtained. Editing interrogation results revealed that 93 of the 178 genes were identified as mutated, thus representing an editing efficiency of 52.2%. Furthermore, we have discovered that Cas9-mediated DNA cleavages tend to occur at all the target sites guided by the same individual sgRNA, a novel finding in polyploid plants. Finally, we show the strong capability of reverse genetic screening for various traits with the postgenotyped plants. Several genes, which might dominate the fatty acid profile and seed oil content and have yet to be reported, were unveiled from the forward genetic studies. Our research provides valuable resources for functional genomics, elite crop breeding, and a good reference for high-throughput targeted mutagenesis in other polyploid plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjie He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuxiang Yan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mi Tang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Weixian Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
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10
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Dissecting the Meiotic Recombination Patterns in a Brassica napus Double Haploid Population Using 60K SNP Array. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054469. [PMID: 36901901 PMCID: PMC10003086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Meiotic recombination not only maintains the stability of the chromosome structure but also creates genetic variations for adapting to changeable environments. A better understanding of the mechanism of crossover (CO) patterns at the population level is useful for crop improvement. However, there are limited cost-effective and universal methods to detect the recombination frequency at the population level in Brassica napus. Here, the Brassica 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array (Brassica 60K array) was used to systematically study the recombination landscape in a double haploid (DH) population of B. napus. It was found that COs were unevenly distributed across the whole genome, and a higher frequency of COs existed at the distal ends of each chromosome. A considerable number of genes (more than 30%) in the CO hot regions were associated with plant defense and regulation. In most tissues, the average gene expression level in the hot regions (CO frequency of greater than 2 cM/Mb) was significantly higher than that in the regions with a CO frequency of less than 1 cM/Mb. In addition, a bin map was constructed with 1995 recombination bins. For seed oil content, Bin 1131 to 1134, Bin 1308 to 1311, Bin 1864 to 1869, and Bin 2184 to 2230 were identified on chromosomes A08, A09, C03, and C06, respectively, which could explain 8.5%, 17.3%, 8.6%, and 3.9% of the phenotypic variation. These results could not only deepen our understanding of meiotic recombination in B. napus at the population level, and provide useful information for rapeseed breeding in the future, but also provided a reference for studying CO frequency in other species.
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11
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Chen K, Yin Y, Ding Y, Chao H, Li M. Characterization of Oil Body and Starch Granule Dynamics in Developing Seeds of Brassica napus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044201. [PMID: 36835614 PMCID: PMC9967339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassica napus is the most important oilseed crop in the world, and the lipid was stored in the oil body (OB) in the form of triacylglycerol. At present, most of studies on the relationship between oil body morphology and seed oil content in B. napus was focused on mature seeds. In the present study, the OBs in different developing seeds of B. napus with relatively high oil content (HOC) of about 50% and low oil content (LOC) of about 39% were analyzed. It was revealed that the size of OBs was first increased and then decreased in both materials. And in late seed developmental stages, the average OB size of rapeseed with HOC was higher than that of LOC, while it was reversed in the early seed developmental stages. No significant difference was observed on starch granule (SG) size in HOC and LOC rapeseed. Further results indicated that the expression of genes that involved in malonyl-CoA metabolism, fatty acid carbon chain extension, lipid metabolism, and starch synthesis in the rapeseed with HOC was higher than that of rapeseed with LOC. These results give some new insight for understanding the dynamics of OBs and SGs in embryos of B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yiran Ding
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence:
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12
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Shi H, Wu Y, Yi L, Hu H, Su F, Wang Y, Li D, Hou J. Analysis of QTL mapping for germination and seedling response to drought stress in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.). PeerJ 2023; 11:e15275. [PMID: 37159834 PMCID: PMC10163870 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sunflower is an important oilseed crop across the world. It is considered as a moderately drought tolerant plant, however, its yield is still negatively affected by drought stress. Improving drought tolerance is of the outmost important for breeding. Although several studies have documented the relationship between the sunflower phenotype and genotype under drought stress, but relatively few studies have simultaneously investigated the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance in the sunflower at different growth stages. In this study, we conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for different sunflower traits during the germination and seedling stages. Eighteen phenotypic traits were evaluated under well-watered and drought stress conditions. We determined that the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and root-to-shoot ratio can be used as effective indexes for drought tolerance selection and breeding. A total of 33 QTLs were identified on eight chromosomes (PVE: 0.016%-10.712% with LOD: 2.017-7.439). Within the confidence interval of the QTL, we identified 60 putative drought-related genes. Four genes located on chromosome 13 may function in both germination and seedling stages for drought response. Genes LOC110898128, LOC110898092, LOC110898071, and LOC110898072 were annotated as aquaporin SIP1-2-like, cytochrome P450 94C1, GABA transporter 1-like, and GABA transporter 1-like isoform X2, respectively. These genes will be used for further functional validation. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of the sunflower's in response to drought stress. At the same time, it lays a foundation for sunflower drought tolerance breeding and genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Shi
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
| | - Liuxi Yi
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
| | - Haibo Hu
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
| | - Feiyan Su
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
| | - Jianhua Hou
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Huhhot, China
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13
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Cheng X, Liu X, He J, Tang M, Li H, Li M. The genome wide analysis of Tryptophan Aminotransferase Related gene family, and their relationship with related agronomic traits in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1098820. [PMID: 36618649 PMCID: PMC9811149 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1098820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan Aminotransferase of Arabidopsis1/Tryptophan Aminotransferase-Related (TAA1/TAR) proteins are the enzymes that involved in auxin biosynthesis pathway. The TAA1/TAR gene family has been systematically characterized in several plants but has not been well reported in Brassica napus. In the present study, a total of 102 BnTAR genes with different number of introns were identified. It was revealed that these genes are distributed unevenly and occurred as clusters on different chromosomes except for A4, A5, A10 and C4 in B. napus. Most of the these BnTAR genes are conserved despite of existing of gene loss and gene gain. In addition, the segmental replication and whole-genome replication events were both play an important role in the BnTAR gene family formation. Expression profiles analysis indicated that the expression of BnTAR gene showed two patterns, part of them were mainly expressed in roots, stems and leaves of vegetative organs, and the others were mainly expressed in flowers and seeds of reproductive organs. Further analysis showed that many of BnTAR genes were located in QTL intervals of oil content or seed weight, for example BnAMI10 was located in cqOC-C5-4 and cqSW-A2-2, it indicated that some of the BnTAR genes might have relationship with these two characteristics. This study provides a multidimensional analysis of the TAA1/TAR gene family and a new insight into its biological function in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjie He
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mi Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, the Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, China
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14
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Xiao Z, Zhang C, Qu C, Wei L, Zhang L, Yang B, Lu K, Li J. Identification of candidate genes regulating seed oil content by QTL mapping and transcriptome sequencing in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1067121. [PMID: 36570918 PMCID: PMC9779944 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1067121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing oil production is a major goal in rapeseed (Brassica napus) molecular breeding programs. Identifying seed oil content (SOC)-related candidate genes is an important step towards achieving this goal. We performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of SOC in B. napus using a high-density SNP genetic map constructed from recombinant inbred lines and the Illumina InfiniumTM 60K SNP array. A total of 26 QTLs were detected in three years on A01, A03, A05, A06, A09, C01, C03 and C05, which accounted for 3.69%~18.47% of the phenotypic variation in SOC. Of these, 13 QTLs are reported here for the first time. 1713 candidate genes in the 26 QTLs confidence interval were obtained. We then identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the high- and low-SOC accessions, to narrow down our focus to 21 candidate genes (Y1-Y21) related to SOC, and we will focus on 11 (Y1-Y11) candidate genes that contribute to the formation of high-SOC. In addition to providing insight into the genetic basis of SOC in B. napus, the loci identified and candidate genes in this study can be used in molecular breeding strategies to increase SOC in this important seed crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biological Genetic Resources Mining and Molecular Breeding of Qianxinan Prefecture, College of Biology and Chemistry, Minzu Normal University of Xingyi, Xingyi, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Guizhou Oil Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Jia Y, Yao M, He X, Xiong X, Guan M, Liu Z, Guan C, Qian L. Transcriptome and Regional Association Analyses Reveal the Effects of Oleosin Genes on the Accumulation of Oil Content in Brassica napus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3140. [PMID: 36432869 PMCID: PMC9698637 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed stores lipids in the form of oil bodies. Oil bodies in the seeds of higher plants are surrounded by oleosins. Adjusting oleosin protein levels can prevent the fusion of oil bodies and maintain oil body size during seed development. However, oil contents are affected by many factors, and studies on the complex molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the variations in seed oil contents of B. napus are limited. In this study, a total of 53 BnOLEO (B. napus oleosin) genes were identified in the genome of B. napus through a genome-wide analysis. The promoter sequences of oleosin genes consisted of various light-, hormone-, and stress-related cis-acting elements, along with transcription factor (TF) binding sites, for 25 TF families in 53 BnOLEO genes. The differentially expressed oleosin genes between two high- and two low-oil-content accessions were explored. BnOLEO3-C09, BnOLEO4-A02, BnOLEO4-A09, BnOLEO2-C04, BnOLEO1-C01, and BnOLEO7-A03 showed higher expressions in the high-oil-content accessions than in low-oil-content accessions, at 25, 35, and 45 days after pollination (DAP) in two different environments. A regional association analysis of 50 re-sequenced rapeseed accessions was used to further analyze these six BnOLEO genes, and it revealed that the nucleotide variations in the BnOLEO1-C01 and BnOLEO7-A03 gene regions were related to the phenotypic variations in seed oil content. Moreover, a co-expression network analysis revealed that the BnOLEO genes were directly linked to lipid/fatty acid metabolism, TF, lipid transport, and carbohydrate genes, thus forming a molecular network involved in seed oil accumulation. These favorable haplotypes can be utilized in molecular marker-assisted selection in order to further improve seed oil contents in rapeseed.
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16
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Liu X, Wei R, Tian M, Liu J, Ruan Y, Sun C, Liu C. Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiling Provide Insights into Cold Responses in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) Genotypes with Contrasting Cold-Stress Sensitivity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13546. [PMID: 36362332 PMCID: PMC9657917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Low temperature is a major environmental factor, which limits rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) growth, development, and productivity. So far, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of rapeseed responses to cold stress are not fully understood. Here, we explored the transcriptome and metabolome profiles of two rapeseed genotypes with contrasting cold responses, i.e., XY15 (cold-sensitive) and GX74 (cold-tolerant). The global metabolome profiling detected 545 metabolites in siliques of both genotypes before (CK) and after cold-stress treatment (LW). The contents of several sugar metabolites were affected by cold stress with the most accumulated saccharides being 3-dehydro-L-threonic acid, D-xylonic acid, inositol, D-mannose, D-fructose, D-glucose, and L-glucose. A total of 1943 and 5239 differentially expressed genes were identified from the transcriptome sequencing in XY15CK_vs_XY15LW and GX74CK_vs_GX74LW, respectively. We observed that genes enriched in sugar metabolism and biosynthesis-related pathways, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species scavenging, phytohormone, and MAPK signaling were highly expressed in GX74LW. In addition, several genes associated with cold-tolerance-related pathways, e.g., the CBF-COR pathway and MAPK signaling, were specifically expressed in GX74LW. Contrarily, genes in the above-mentioned pathways were mostly downregulated in XY15LW. Thus, our results indicate the involvement of these pathways in the differential cold-stress responses in XY15 and GX74.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Minyu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jinchu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chuanxin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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17
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Ahmad N, Ibrahim S, Tian Z, Kuang L, Wang X, Wang H, Dun X. Quantitative trait loci mapping reveals important genomic regions controlling root architecture and shoot biomass under nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium stress in rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994666. [PMID: 36172562 PMCID: PMC9511887 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants rely on root systems for nutrient uptake from soils. Marker-assisted selection helps breeders to select desirable root traits for effective nutrient uptake. Here, 12 root and biomass traits were investigated at the seedling stage under low nitrogen (LN), low phosphorus (LP), and low potassium (LK) conditions, respectively, in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, which was generated from Brassica napus L. Zhongshuang11 and 4D122 with significant differences in root traits and nutrient efficiency. Significant differences for all the investigated traits were observed among RILs, with high heritabilities (0.43-0.74) and high correlations between the different treatments. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping identified 57, 27, and 36 loci, explaining 4.1-10.9, 4.6-10.8, and 4.9-17.4% phenotypic variances under LN, LP, and LK, respectively. Through QTL-meta analysis, these loci were integrated into 18 significant QTL clusters. Four major QTL clusters involved 25 QTLs that could be repeatedly detected and explained more than 10% phenotypic variances, including two NPK-common and two specific QTL clusters (K and NK-specific), indicating their critical role in cooperative nutrients uptake of N, P, and K. Moreover, 264 genes within the four major QTL clusters having high expressions in roots and SNP/InDel variations between two parents were identified as potential candidate genes. Thirty-eight of them have been reported to be associated with root growth and development and/or nutrient stress tolerance. These key loci and candidate genes lay the foundation for deeper dissection of the NPK starvation response mechanisms in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Sani Ibrahim
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Lieqiong Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinfa Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Dun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
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18
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Chao H, Li H, Yan S, Zhao W, Chen K, Wang H, Raboanatahiry N, Huang J, Li M. Further insight into decreases in seed glucosinolate content based on QTL mapping and RNA-seq in Brassica napus L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:2969-2991. [PMID: 35841418 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The QTL hotspots determining seed glucosinolate content instead of only four HAG1 loci and elucidation of a potential regulatory model for rapeseed SGC variation. Glucosinolates (GSLs) are amino acid-derived, sulfur-rich secondary metabolites that function as biopesticides and flavor compounds, but the high seed glucosinolate content (SGC) reduces seed quality for rapeseed meal. To dissect the genetic mechanism and further reduce SGC in rapeseed, QTL mapping was performed using an updated high-density genetic map based on a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from two parents that showed significant differences in SGC. In 15 environments, a total of 162 significant QTLs were identified for SGC and then integrated into 59 consensus QTLs, of which 32 were novel QTLs. Four QTL hotspot regions (QTL-HRs) for SGC variation were discovered on chromosomes A09, C02, C07 and C09, including seven major QTLs that have previously been reported and four novel major QTLs in addition to HAG1 loci. SGC was largely determined by superimposition of advantage allele in the four QTL-HRs. Important candidate genes directly related to GSL pathways were identified underlying the four QTL-HRs, including BnaC09.MYB28, BnaA09.APK1, BnaC09.SUR1 and BnaC02.GTR2a. Related differentially expressed candidates identified in the minor but environment stable QTLs indicated that sulfur assimilation plays an important rather than dominant role in SGC variation. A potential regulatory model for rapeseed SGC variation constructed by combining candidate GSL gene identification and differentially expressed gene analysis based on RNA-seq contributed to a better understanding of the GSL accumulation mechanism. This study provides insights to further understand the genetic regulatory mechanism of GSLs, as well as the potential loci and a new route to further diminish the SGC in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Chao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuxiang Yan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Nadia Raboanatahiry
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jinyong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Zhang K, He J, Yin Y, Chen K, Deng X, Yu P, Li H, Zhao W, Yan S, Li M. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase 2 and 5 commonly, but differently, promote seed oil accumulation in Brassica napus. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:83. [PMID: 35962411 PMCID: PMC9375321 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Increasing seed oil content (SOC) of Brassica napus has become one of the main plant breeding goals over the past decades. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAT) performs an important molecular function by regulating the production of phosphatidic acid (PA), a key intermediate in the synthesis of membrane and storage lipids. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of LPAT on the SOC of B. napus remains unclear. Results In the present study, significant elevation of SOC was achieved by overexpressing BnLPAT2 and BnLPAT5 in B. napus. RNAi and CRISPR–Cas9 were also successfully used to knock down and knock out these two genes in B. napus where SOC significantly decreased. Meanwhile, we found an accumulation of lipid droplets and oil bodies in seeds of BnLPAT2 and BnLPAT5 overexpression lines, whereas an increase of sugar and protein in Bnlpat2 and Bnlpat5 mutant seeds. Sequential transcriptome analysis was further performed on the developing seeds of the BnLPAT2 and BnLPAT5 overexpression, knockdown, and knockout rapeseed lines. Most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were expressed in the middle and late stages of seed development were enriched in photosynthesis and lipid metabolism, respectively. The DEGs involved in fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis were active in the overexpression lines but were relatively inactive in the knockdown and knockout lines. Further analysis revealed that the biological pathways related to fatty acid/lipid anabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were specifically enriched in the BnLPAT2 overexpression lines. Conclusions BnLPAT2 and BnLPAT5 are essential for seed oil accumulation. BnLPAT2 preferentially promoted diacylglycerol synthesis to increase SOC, whereas BnLPAT5 tended to boost PA synthesis for membrane lipid generation. Taken together, BnLPAT2 and BnLPAT5 can jointly but differently promote seed oil accumulation in B. napus. This study provides new insights into the potential mechanisms governing the promotion of SOC by BnLPAT2 and BnLPAT5 in the seeds of B. napus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02182-2.
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20
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Zuma LK, Gasa NL, Makhoba XH, Pooe OJ. Protein PEGylation: Navigating Recombinant Protein Stability, Aggregation, and Bioactivity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8929715. [PMID: 35924267 PMCID: PMC9343206 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8929715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes play a powerful role as catalysts with high specificity and activity under mild environmental conditions. Significant hurdles, such as reduced solubility, reduced shelf-life, aggregate formation, and toxicity, are still ongoing struggles that scientists come across when purifying recombinant proteins. Over the past three decades, PEGylation techniques have been utilized to significantly overcome low solubility; increased protein stability, shelf-life, and bioactivity; and prevented protein aggregate formation. This review seeks to highlight the impact of PEG-based formulations that are significantly utilized to obtain favourable protein physiochemical properties. The authors further discuss other techniques that can be employed such as coexpression studies and nanotechnology-based skills to obtaining favourable protein physiochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindiwe Khumbuzile Zuma
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Westville, 3629 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Nothando Lovedale Gasa
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Westville, 3629 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Xolani Henry Makhoba
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Alice, 5700 Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Ofentse Jacob Pooe
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Westville, 3629 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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21
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Bhinder G, Sharma S, Kaur H, Akhatar J, Mittal M, Sandhu S. Genomic Regions Associated With Seed Meal Quality Traits in Brassica napus Germplasm. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:882766. [PMID: 35909769 PMCID: PMC9333065 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.882766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The defatted Brassica napus (rapeseed) meal can be high-protein feed for livestock as the protein value of rapeseed meal is higher than that of the majority of other vegetable proteins. Extensive work has already been carried out on developing canola rapeseed where the focus was on reducing erucic acid and glucosinolate content, with less consideration to other antinutritional factors such as tannin, phytate, sinapine, crude fiber, etc. The presence of these antinutrients limits the use and marketing of rapeseed meals and a significant amount of it goes unused and ends up as waste. We investigated the genetic architecture of crude protein, methionine, tryptophan, total phenols, β-carotene, glucosinolates (GLSs), phytate, tannins, sinapine, and crude fiber content of defatted seed meal samples by conducting a genome-wide association study (GWAS), using a diversity panel comprising 96 B. napus genotypes. Genotyping by sequencing was used to identify 77,889 SNPs, spread over 19 chromosomes. Genetic diversity and phenotypic variations were generally high for the studied traits. A total of eleven genotypes were identified which showed high-quality protein, high antioxidants, and lower amount of antinutrients. A significant negative correlation between protein and limiting amino acids and a significant positive correlation between GLS and phytic acid were observed. General and mixed linear models were used to estimate the association between the SNP markers and the seed quality traits and quantile-quantile (QQ) plots were generated to allow the best-fit algorithm. Annotation of genomic regions around associated SNPs helped to predict various trait-related candidates such as ASP2 and EMB1027 (amino acid biosynthesis); HEMA2, GLU1, and PGM (tryptophan biosynthesis); MS3, CYSD1, and MTO1 (methionine biosynthesis); LYC (β-carotene biosynthesis); HDR and ISPF (MEP pathway); COS1 (riboflavin synthesis); UGT (phenolics biosynthesis); NAC073 (cellulose and hemicellulose biosynthesis); CYT1 (cellulose biosynthesis); BGLU45 and BGLU46 (lignin biosynthesis); SOT12 and UGT88A1 (flavonoid pathway); and CYP79A2, DIN2, and GSTT2 (GLS metabolism), etc. The functional validation of these candidate genes could confirm key seed meal quality genes for germplasm enhancement programs directed at improving protein quality and reducing the antinutritional components in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | | | - Javed Akhatar
- Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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22
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Zhao C, Xie M, Liang L, Yang L, Han H, Qin X, Zhao J, Hou Y, Dai W, Du C, Xiang Y, Liu S, Huang X. Genome-Wide Association Analysis Combined With Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping and Dynamic Transcriptome Unveil the Genetic Control of Seed Oil Content in Brassica napus L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:929197. [PMID: 35845656 PMCID: PMC9283957 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.929197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed, an allotetraploid oil crop, provides vegetable oil for human consumption. The growing demand for oilseeds has necessitated the development of rapeseed varieties with improved quality. Therefore, a clear understanding of the genetic basis underlying the seed oil content (SOC) is required. In this study, a natural population comprising 204 diverse accessions and recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from Brassica napus and Sinapis alba via distant hybridization were collected for genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of the SOC trait, respectively. The variable coefficient of the RIL and natural populations ranged from 7.43 to 10.43% and 8.40 to 10.91%. Then, a high-density linkage map was constructed based on whole genome re-sequencing (WGS); the map harbored 2,799 bin markers and covered a total distance of 1,835.21 cM, with an average marker interval of 0.66 cM. The QTLs for SOC on chromosome A07 were stably detected in both single and multiple environments. Finally, a novel locus qA07.SOC was identified as the major QTL for SOC based on the GWAS and RIL populations. In addition, the RNA-seq results showed that photosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis proteins, fatty acid metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis were significantly different between the developed seeds of the two parents of the RIL population. By comparing the variation information and expression levels of the syntenic genes within qA07.SOC and its syntenic genomic regions, as well as through haplotype analysis via GWAS, BnaA07.STR18, BnaA07.NRT1, and BnaA07g12880D were predicted as candidate genes in the qA07.SOC interval. These stable QTLs containing candidate genes and haplotypes can potentially provide a reliable basis for marker-assisted selection in B. napus breeding for SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanji Zhao
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Meili Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Longbing Liang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Biosystematics Group, Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hongshi Han
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinrong Qin
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Jixian Zhao
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Hou
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Wendong Dai
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Caifu Du
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianqun Huang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
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23
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Schilbert HM, Pucker B, Ries D, Viehöver P, Micic Z, Dreyer F, Beckmann K, Wittkop B, Weisshaar B, Holtgräwe D. Mapping‑by‑Sequencing Reveals Genomic Regions Associated with Seed Quality Parameters in Brassica napus. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071131. [PMID: 35885914 PMCID: PMC9317104 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop and has the potential to serve as a highly productive source of protein. This protein exhibits an excellent amino acid composition and has high nutritional value for humans. Seed protein content (SPC) and seed oil content (SOC) are two complex quantitative and polygenic traits which are negatively correlated and assumed to be controlled by additive and epistatic effects. A reduction in seed glucosinolate (GSL) content is desired as GSLs cause a stringent and bitter taste. The goal here was the identification of genomic intervals relevant for seed GSL content and SPC/SOC. Mapping by sequencing (MBS) revealed 30 and 15 new and known genomic intervals associated with seed GSL content and SPC/SOC, respectively. Within these intervals, we identified known but also so far unknown putatively causal genes and sequence variants. A 4 bp insertion in the MYB28 homolog on C09 shows a significant association with a reduction in seed GSL content. This study provides insights into the genetic architecture and potential mechanisms underlying seed quality traits, which will enhance future breeding approaches in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Marie Schilbert
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, CeBiTec & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (H.M.S.); (B.P.); (D.R.); (P.V.); (B.W.)
- Graduate School DILS, Bielefeld Institute for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (BIBI), Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Boas Pucker
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, CeBiTec & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (H.M.S.); (B.P.); (D.R.); (P.V.); (B.W.)
- Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Plant Biology & Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), TU Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - David Ries
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, CeBiTec & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (H.M.S.); (B.P.); (D.R.); (P.V.); (B.W.)
| | - Prisca Viehöver
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, CeBiTec & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (H.M.S.); (B.P.); (D.R.); (P.V.); (B.W.)
| | - Zeljko Micic
- Deutsche Saatveredelung AG, Weissenburger Straße 5, 59557 Lippstadt, Germany;
| | - Felix Dreyer
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, Hohenlieth-Hof 1, 24363 Holtsee, Germany; (F.D.); (K.B.)
| | - Katrin Beckmann
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, Hohenlieth-Hof 1, 24363 Holtsee, Germany; (F.D.); (K.B.)
| | - Benjamin Wittkop
- Department of Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Bernd Weisshaar
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, CeBiTec & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (H.M.S.); (B.P.); (D.R.); (P.V.); (B.W.)
| | - Daniela Holtgräwe
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, CeBiTec & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (H.M.S.); (B.P.); (D.R.); (P.V.); (B.W.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Zhao H, Savin KW, Li Y, Breen EJ, Maharjan P, Tibbits JF, Kant S, Hayden MJ, Daetwyler HD. Genome-wide association studies dissect the G × E interaction for agronomic traits in a worldwide collection of safflowers ( Carthamus tinctorius L.). MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:24. [PMID: 37309464 PMCID: PMC10248593 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies were conducted using a globally diverse safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genebank collection for grain yield (YP), days to flowering (DF), plant height (PH), 500 seed weight (SW), seed oil content (OL), and crude protein content (PR) in four environments (sites) that differed in water availability. Phenotypic variation was observed for all traits. YP exhibited low overall genetic correlations (rGoverall) across sites, while SW and OL had high rGoverall and high pairwise genetic correlations (rGij) across all pairwise sites. In total, 92 marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified using three methods, single locus genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a mixed linear model (MLM), the Bayesian multi-locus method (BayesR), and meta-GWAS. MTAs with large effects across all sites were detected for OL, SW, and PR, and MTAs specific for the different water stress sites were identified for all traits. Five MTAs were associated with multiple traits; 4 of 5 MTAs were variously associated with the three traits of SW, OL, and PR. This study provided insights into the phenotypic variability and genetic architecture of important safflower agronomic traits under different environments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01295-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhao
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Keith W. Savin
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Yongjun Li
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Edmond J. Breen
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Pankaj Maharjan
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400 Australia
| | - Josquin F. Tibbits
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Surya Kant
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400 Australia
| | - Matthew J. Hayden
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Hans D. Daetwyler
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
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25
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Chao H, Guo L, Zhao W, Li H, Li M. A major yellow-seed QTL on chromosome A09 significantly increases the oil content and reduces the fiber content of seed in Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:1293-1305. [PMID: 35084514 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A major yellow-seed QTL on chromosome A09 significantly increases the oil content and reduces the fiber content of seed in Brassica napus. The yellow-seed trait (YST) has always been a main breeding objective for rapeseed because yellow-seeded B. napus generally contains higher oil contents, fewer pigments and polyphenols and lower fiber content than black-seeded B. napus, although the mechanism controlling this correlation remains unclear. In this study, QTL mapping was implemented for YST based on a KN double haploid population derived from the hybridization of yellow-seeded B. napus N53-2 with a high oil content and black-seeded Ken-C8 with a relatively low oil content. Ten QTLs were identified, including four stable QTLs that could be detected in multiple environments. A major QTL, cqSC-A09, on chromosome A09 was identified by both QTL mapping and BSR-Seq technology, and explained more than 41% of the phenotypic variance. The major QTL cqSC-A09 for YST not only controls the seed color but also affects the oil and fiber contents in seeds. More importantly, the advantageous allele could increase the oil content and reduce the pigment and fiber content at the same time. This is the first QTL reported to control seed color, oil content and fiber content simultaneously with a large effect and has great application value for breeding high oil varieties with high seed quality. Important candidate genes, including BnaA09. JAZ1, BnaA09. GH3.3 and BnaA09. LOX3, were identified for cqSC-A09 by combining sequence variation annotation, expression differences and an interaction network, which lays a foundation for further cloning and breeding applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Chao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Liangxing Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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26
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Raboanatahiry N, Chao H, He J, Li H, Yin Y, Li M. Construction of a Quantitative Genomic Map, Identification and Expression Analysis of Candidate Genes for Agronomic and Disease-Related Traits in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862363. [PMID: 35360294 PMCID: PMC8963808 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed is the second most important oil crop in the world. Improving seed yield and seed oil content are the two main highlights of the research. Unfortunately, rapeseed development is frequently affected by different diseases. Extensive research has been made through many years to develop elite cultivars with high oil, high yield, and/or disease resistance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis has been one of the most important strategies in the genetic deciphering of agronomic characteristics. To comprehend the distribution of these QTLs and to uncover the key regions that could simultaneously control multiple traits, 4,555 QTLs that have been identified during the last 25 years were aligned in one unique map, and a quantitative genomic map which involved 128 traits from 79 populations developed in 12 countries was constructed. The present study revealed 517 regions of overlapping QTLs which harbored 2,744 candidate genes and might affect multiple traits, simultaneously. They could be selected to customize super-rapeseed cultivars. The gene ontology and the interaction network of those candidates revealed genes that highly interacted with the other genes and might have a strong influence on them. The expression and structure of these candidate genes were compared in eight rapeseed accessions and revealed genes of similar structures which were expressed differently. The present study enriches our knowledge of rapeseed genome characteristics and diversity, and it also provided indications for rapeseed molecular breeding improvement in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Raboanatahiry
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianjie He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhang Z, Gong J, Zhang Z, Gong W, Li J, Shi Y, Liu A, Ge Q, Pan J, Fan S, Deng X, Li S, Chen Q, Yuan Y, Shang H. Identification and analysis of oil candidate genes reveals the molecular basis of cottonseed oil accumulation in Gossypium hirsutum L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:449-460. [PMID: 34714356 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03975-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on the integration of QTL-mapping and regulatory network analyses, five high-confidence stable QTL regions, six candidate genes and two microRNAs that potentially affect the cottonseed oil content were discovered. Cottonseed oil is increasingly becoming a promising target for edible oil with its high content of unsaturated fatty acids. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) cotton population was constructed to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the cottonseed oil content. A total of 39 QTLs were detected across eight different environments, of which five QTLs were stable. Forty-three candidate genes potentially involved in carbon metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol biosynthesis processes were further obtained in the stable QTL regions. Transcriptome analysis showed that nineteen of these candidate genes expressed during the developing cottonseed ovules and may affect the cottonseed oil content. Besides, transcription factor (TF) and microRNA (miRNA) co-regulatory network analyses based on the nineteen candidate genes suggested that six genes, two core miRNAs (ghr-miR2949b and ghr-miR2949c), and one TF GhHSL1 were considered to be closely associated with the cottonseed oil content. Moreover, four vital genes were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These results provide insights into the oil accumulation mechanism in developing cottonseed ovules through the construction of a detailed oil accumulation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Juwu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Xinjiang Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830001, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Wankui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Junwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Yuzhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Aiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Qun Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Jingtao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Senmiao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaoying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Shaoqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Quanjia Chen
- Xinjiang Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830001, China
| | - Youlu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
- Xinjiang Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830001, China.
| | - Haihong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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Tan Z, Xie Z, Dai L, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Tang S, Wan L, Yao X, Guo L, Hong D. Genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies reveal the genetic basis and the breeding history of seed glucosinolate content in Brassica napus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:211-225. [PMID: 34525252 PMCID: PMC8710833 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A high content of seed glucosinolates and their degradation products imposes anti-nutritional effects on livestock; therefore, persistent efforts are made to reduce the seed GSL content to increase the commercial value of rapeseed meal. Here, we dissected the genetic structure of SGC by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) combined with transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS). Fifteen reliable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified to be associated with the reduced SGC in modern B. napus cultivars by GWAS. Analysis of the selection strength and haplotypes at these QTLs revealed that low SGC was predominantly generated by the co-selection of qGSL.A02.2, qGSL.C02.1, qGSL.A09.2, and qGSL.C09.1. Integration of the results from TWAS, comprehensive bioinformatics, and POCKET algorithm analyses indicated that BnaC02.GTR2 (BnaC02g42260D) is a candidate gene underlying qGSL.C02.1. Using CRISPR/Cas9-derived Bna.gtr2s knockout mutants, we experimentally verified that both BnaC02.GTR2 and its three paralogs positively regulate seed GSL accumulation but negatively regulated vegetative tissue GSL contents. In addition, we observed smaller seeds with higher seed oil content in these Bna.gtr2 mutants. Furthermore, both RNA-seq and correlation analyses suggested that Bna.GTR2s might play a comprehensive role in seed development, such as amino acid accumulation, GSL synthesis, sugar assimilation, and oil accumulation. This study unravels the breeding selection history of low-SGC improvement and provides new insights into the molecular function of Bna.GTR2s in both seed GSL accumulation and seed development in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengdong Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhaoqi Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lihong Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuting Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shan Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lili Wan
- Institute of CropsWuhan Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Xuan Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
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29
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Breeding Canola ( Brassica napus L.) for Protein in Feed and Food. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102220. [PMID: 34686029 PMCID: PMC8539702 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Interest in canola (Brassica napus L.). In response to this interest, scientists have been tasked with altering and optimizing the protein production chain to ensure canola proteins are safe for consumption and economical to produce. Specifically, the role of plant breeders in developing suitable varieties with the necessary protein profiles is crucial to this interdisciplinary endeavour. In this article, we aim to provide an overarching review of the canola protein chain from the perspective of a plant breeder, spanning from the genetic regulation of seed storage proteins in the crop to advancements of novel breeding technologies and their application in improving protein quality in canola. A review on the current uses of canola meal in animal husbandry is presented to underscore potential limitations for the consumption of canola meal in mammals. General discussions on the allergenic potential of canola proteins and the regulation of novel food products are provided to highlight some of the challenges that will be encountered on the road to commercialization and general acceptance of canola protein as a dietary protein source.
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30
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Rahman H, Kebede B. Mapping of seed quality traits in the C genome of Brassica napus by using a population carrying genome content of B. oleracea and their effect on other traits. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20078. [PMID: 33818008 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing seed oil and protein contents and reducing the content of seed glucosinolates (GSLs) in Brassica oilseed crops are important objectives in breeding. By using an oilseed rape (B. napus L.) doubled-haploid (DH) population carrying genome content introgressed from Chinese kale (B. oleracea L.), we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for these seed quality traits and investigated their effect on other traits including seed yield. A stable QTL for seed oil content was identified on chromosome C5 at 40-42 Mb position and a QTL for seed GSL content was identified on C9 at 7-8 Mb position. The C5 and C9 QTL alleles for high oil and GSL contents were derived from Chinese kale, demonstrating that high-oil QTL allele can be found in the parental species of oilseed rape. The low-GSL QTL allele of C9 exerted a significant positive effect on seed protein content, demonstrating that selection for this QTL allele contributed to higher protein content in canola seed. These two QTL were not affected by field environmental conditions and did not exert a significant effect on days to flowering and seed yield. Thus, the genomic regions and the molecular markers identified in this study should be useful in molecular breeding of the seed quality traits in oilseed rape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Berisso Kebede
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
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31
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Li H, Hu X, Lovell JT, Grabowski PP, Mamidi S, Chen C, Amirebrahimi M, Kahanda I, Mumey B, Barry K, Kudrna D, Schmutz J, Lachowiec J, Lu C. Genetic dissection of natural variation in oilseed traits of camelina by whole-genome resequencing and QTL mapping. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20110. [PMID: 34106529 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] is an oilseed crop in the Brassicaceae family that is currently being developed as a source of bioenergy and healthy fatty acids. To facilitate modern breeding efforts through marker-assisted selection and biotechnology, we evaluated genetic variation among a worldwide collection of 222 camelina accessions. We performed whole-genome resequencing to obtain single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and to analyze genomic diversity. We also conducted phenotypic field evaluations in two consecutive seasons for variations in key agronomic traits related to oilseed production such as seed size, oil content (OC), fatty acid composition, and flowering time. We determined the population structure of the camelina accessions using 161,301 SNPs. Further, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes controlling the above field-evaluated traits by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) complemented with linkage mapping using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. Characterization of the natural variation at the genome and phenotypic levels provides valuable resources to camelina genetic studies and crop improvement. The QTL and candidate genes should assist in breeding of advanced camelina varieties that can be integrated into the cropping systems for the production of high yield of oils of desired fatty acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Li
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Computing, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - John T Lovell
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 38508, USA
| | - Paul P Grabowski
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 38508, USA
| | - Sujan Mamidi
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 38508, USA
| | - Cindy Chen
- United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Mojgan Amirebrahimi
- United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Indika Kahanda
- School of Computing, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Brendan Mumey
- School of Computing, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Kerrie Barry
- United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - David Kudrna
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Jeremy Schmutz
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 38508, USA
- United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jennifer Lachowiec
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Chaofu Lu
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
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32
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Yao M, Guan M, Yang Q, Huang L, Xiong X, Jan HU, Voss-Fels KP, Werner CR, He X, Qian W, Snowdon RJ, Guan C, Hua W, Qian L. Regional association analysis coupled with transcriptome analyses reveal candidate genes affecting seed oil accumulation in Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1545-1555. [PMID: 33677638 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Regional association analysis of 50 re-sequenced Chinese semi-winter rapeseed accessions in combination with co-expression analysis reveal candidate genes affecting oil accumulation in Brassica napus. One of the breeding goals in rapeseed production is to enhance the seed oil content to cater to the increased demand for vegetable oils due to a growing global population. To investigate the genetic basis of variation in seed oil content, we used 60 K Brassica Infinium SNP array along with phenotype data of 203 Chinese semi-winter rapeseed accessions to perform a genome-wide analysis of haplotype blocks associated with the oil content. Nine haplotype regions harbouring lipid synthesis/transport-, carbohydrate metabolism- and photosynthesis-related genes were identified as significantly associated with the oil content and were mapped to chromosomes A02, A04, A05, A07, C03, C04, C05, C08 and C09, respectively. Regional association analysis of 50 re-sequenced Chinese semi-winter rapeseed accessions combined with transcriptome datasets from 13 accessions was further performed on these nine haplotype regions. This revealed natural variation in the BnTGD3-A02 and BnSSE1-A05 gene regions correlated with the phenotypic variation of the oil content within the A02 and A04 chromosome haplotype regions, respectively. Moreover, co-expression network analysis revealed that BnTGD3-A02 and BnSSE1-A05 were directly linked with fatty acid beta-oxidation-related gene BnKAT2-C04, thus forming a molecular network involved in the potential regulation of seed oil accumulation. The results of this study could be used to combine favourable haplotype alleles for further improvement of the seed oil content in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Mei Guan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Luyao Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xinghua Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Habib U Jan
- Molecular Biology, Department of Pathology, MTI-LRH, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Kai P Voss-Fels
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Christian R Werner
- The Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Research Centre Midlothian, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Xin He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wei Qian
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rod J Snowdon
- Department of Plant Breeding, Land Use and Nutrition, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chunyun Guan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Lunwen Qian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Huang L, Li M, Cao D, Yang P. Genetic dissection of rhizome yield-related traits in Nelumbo nucifera through genetic linkage map construction and QTL mapping. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 160:155-165. [PMID: 33497846 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is a perennial aquatic plant with great value in ornamentation, nutrition, and medicine. Being a storage organ, lotus rhizome is not only used for vegetative reproduction, but also as a popular vegetable in Southeast Asia. Rhizome development, especially enlargement, largely determines its yield and hence becomes one of the major concerns in rhizome lotus breeding and cultivation. To obtain the genetic characteristic of this trait, and discover markers or genes associated with this trait, an F2 population was generated by crossing between temperate and tropical cultivars with contrasting rhizome enlargement. Based on this F2 population and Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) technique, a genetic map was constructed with 1475 bin markers containing 12,113 SNP markers. Six traits associated with rhizome yield were observed over 3 years. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified 22 QTLs that are associated with at least one of these traits, among which 9 were linked with 3 different intervals. Comparison of the genes located in these three intervals with our previous transcriptomic data showed that light and phytohormone signaling might contribute to the development and enlargement of lotus rhizome. The QTLs obtained here could also be used for marker-assisted breeding of rhizome lotus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyu Huang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, China; Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Dingding Cao
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China; Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Gad M, Chao H, Li H, Zhao W, Lu G, Li M. QTL Mapping for Seed Germination Response to Drought Stress in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:629970. [PMID: 33633753 PMCID: PMC7900748 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.629970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most environmental abiotic stresses affecting seed germination and crop growth. In the present study, the genetic characteristics of seed germination under drought stress in a Brassica napus double haploid population were analyzed. Five germination-related indexes, including germination percentage (GP), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), fresh weight (FW), and root-to-shoot length ratio (R/S) under control and drought stress, were calculated, and the drought stress index (DSI), including DSI-GP, DSI-RL, DSI-SL, DSI-FW, and DSI-R/S, was determined using the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) analysis based on high-density genetic linkage map. The phenotypic analysis indicated that the R/S is an effective morphological trait in the determination of drought tolerance in the seedling stage. Thirty-nine identified QTLs were observed for these traits and then integrated into 36 consensus QTLs, in which 18 QTLs were found to affect the DSI of four traits (GP, RL, SL, and R/S). Based on the co-linearity between genetic and physical maps of B. napus, 256 candidate genes were detected, and 128 genes have single-nucleotidepolymorphisms/insertion-deletion (SNP/InDel) variations between two parents, some of which were associated with the drought stress tolerance (for example, BnaC03g32780D, BnaC03g37030D, and BnaC09g27300D). The present results laid insights into drought tolerance and its genetic bases in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Gad
- Department of Biotechnology, Collage of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, Collage of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Collage of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, Collage of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Faculty of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Collage of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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35
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Rolletschek H, Schwender J, König C, Chapman KD, Romsdahl T, Lorenz C, Braun HP, Denolf P, Van Audenhove K, Munz E, Heinzel N, Ortleb S, Rutten T, McCorkle S, Borysyuk T, Guendel A, Shi H, Vander Auwermeulen M, Bourot S, Borisjuk L. Cellular Plasticity in Response to Suppression of Storage Proteins in the Brassica napus Embryo. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2383-2401. [PMID: 32358071 PMCID: PMC7346569 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The tradeoff between protein and oil storage in oilseed crops has been tested here in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) by analyzing the effect of suppressing key genes encoding protein storage products (napin and cruciferin). The phenotypic outcomes were assessed using NMR and mass spectrometry imaging, microscopy, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, immunological assays, and flux balance analysis. Surprisingly, the profile of storage products was only moderately changed in RNA interference transgenics. However, embryonic cells had undergone remarkable architectural rearrangements. The suppression of storage proteins led to the elaboration of membrane stacks enriched with oleosin (sixfold higher protein abundance) and novel endoplasmic reticulum morphology. Protein rebalancing and amino acid metabolism were focal points of the metabolic adjustments to maintain embryonic carbon/nitrogen homeostasis. Flux balance analysis indicated a rather minor additional demand for cofactors (ATP and NADPH). Thus, cellular plasticity in seeds protects against perturbations to its storage capabilities and, hence, contributes materially to homeostasis. This study provides mechanistic insights into the intriguing link between lipid and protein storage, which have implications for biotechnological strategies directed at improving oilseed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Rolletschek
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Jörg Schwender
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Christina König
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Kent D Chapman
- University of North Texas, BioDiscovery Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Denton, Texas 76203
| | - Trevor Romsdahl
- University of North Texas, BioDiscovery Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Denton, Texas 76203
| | - Christin Lorenz
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Universität Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Denolf
- BASF Innovation Center Ghent, 9052-Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Eberhard Munz
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Nicolas Heinzel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Stefan Ortleb
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Twan Rutten
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Sean McCorkle
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - André Guendel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Hai Shi
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research OT Gatersleben, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
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36
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Nikzad A, Kebede B, Pinzon J, Bhavikkumar J, Wang X, Yang RC, Rahman H. Potential of the C Genome of the Different Variants of Brassica oleracea for Heterosis in Spring B. napus Canola. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1691. [PMID: 32010170 PMCID: PMC6978715 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The genetic base of Brassica napus canola need to be broadened for exploitation of heterosis at a greater level in the breeding of F1 hybrid canola cultivars. In this study, we evaluated 228 inbred B. napus canola lines derived from six B. napus × B. oleracea interspecific crosses and following two breeding methods (F2- and BC1-derived lines) to understand the effect of the B. oleracea alleles on heterosis for different agronomic and seed quality traits. Test hybrids of the inbreds derived from crosses involving vars. botrytis (cauliflower), alboglabra (Chinese kale) and capitata (cabbage) cv. Badger Shipper, on an average, gave about 10% mid-parent heterosis (MPH), and about 67% of the test hybrids gave higher seed yield than the common B. napus parent indicating that B. oleracea alleles can contribute to heterosis for seed yield in spring B. napus canola hybrids. This was also evident from a positive correlation of the genetic distance of the inbred lines from the common B. napus parent with MPH for seed yield (r = 0.31) as well as with hybrid yield (r = 0.26). Almost no correlation was found between genetic distance and MPH for seed oil and protein content as well as with the performance of the test hybrids for these two traits. The occurrence of positive correlation between seed yield of the inbred lines and test hybrids suggested the importance of the genes exerting additive effect for high seed yield in the hybrids. Very little or almost no heterosis was found for the other agronomic traits as well as for seed oil and protein content. While comparing the two breeding methods, no significant difference was found for seed yield of the test hybrids or the level of MPH; however, the BC1-derived inbred and test hybrid populations flowered and matured earlier and had longer grain-filling period than the F2-derived population. Thus, the results suggested that the B. oleracea gene pool can be used in the breeding of spring B. napus canola to improve seed yield in hybrid cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Nikzad
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Berisso Kebede
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jaime Pinzon
- Northern Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jani Bhavikkumar
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rong-Cai Yang
- Crop Research and Extension Division, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Zhao W, Chao H, Zhang L, Ta N, Zhao Y, Li B, Zhang K, Guan Z, Hou D, Chen K, Li H, Zhang L, Wang H, Li M. Integration of QTL Mapping and Gene Fishing Techniques to Dissect the Multi-Main Stem Trait in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1152. [PMID: 31616451 PMCID: PMC6764107 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. Improving the production of rapeseed is beneficial to relieve the shortage of edible vegetable oil. As the organ of support and transport, the main stem of rapeseed controls the plant architecture, transports the water and nutrients, and determines the number of inflorescence. Increasing the number of main stems would be helpful for the yield improvement in Brassica napus (B. napus). This attractive multi-main stem (MMS) trait was observed in the KN DH population. We investigated not only the frequency of MMS traits but also dissected the genetic basis with QTL mapping analysis and Gene-Fishing technique. A total of 43 QTLs were identified for MMS based on high-density linkage map, which explained 2.95-14.9% of the phenotypic variation, among which two environmental stable QTLs (cqMMS.A3-2 and cqMMS.C3-5) were identified in winter and semi-winter environments. Epistatic interaction analysis indicated cqMMS.C3-5 was an important loci for MMS. According to the functional annotation, 159 candidate genes within QTL confidence intervals, corresponding to 148 Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) homologous genes, were identified, which regulated lateral bud development and tiller of stem, such as shoot meristemless (STM), WUSCHEL-regulated-related genes, cytokinin response factors (CRF5), cytokinin oxidase (CKX4), gibberellin-regulated (RDK1), auxin-regulated gene (ARL, IAR4), and auxin-mediated signaling gene (STV1). Based on Gene-Fishing analysis between the natural plants and the double-main stem (DMS) plant, 31 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were also obtained, which were related to differentiation and formation of lateral buds, biotic stimulus, defense response, drought and salt-stress responses, as well as cold-response functional genes. In addition, by combining the candidate genes in QTL regions with the DEGs that were obtained by Gene-Fishing technique, six common candidate genes (RPT2A, HLR, CRK, LRR-RLK, AGL79, and TCTP) were identified, which might probably be related to the formation of MMS phenotype. The present results not only would give a new insight into the genetic basis underlying the regulation of MMS but also would provide clues for plant architecture breeding in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Ta
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhoubo Guan
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Dalin Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Xiao Z, Zhang C, Tang F, Yang B, Zhang L, Liu J, Huo Q, Wang S, Li S, Wei L, Du H, Qu C, Lu K, Li J, Li N. Identification of candidate genes controlling oil content by combination of genome-wide association and transcriptome analysis in the oilseed crop Brassica napus. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:216. [PMID: 31528204 PMCID: PMC6737612 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing seed oil content is one of the most important targets for rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding. However, genetic mechanisms of mature seed oil content in Brassica napus (B. napus) remain little known. To identify oil content-related genes, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using 588 accessions. RESULTS High-throughput genome resequencing resulted in 385,692 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) with a minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.05. We identified 17 loci that were significantly associated with seed oil content, among which 12 SNPs were distributed on the A3 (11 loci) and A1 (one loci) chromosomes, and five novel significant SNPs on the C5 (one loci) and C7 (four loci) chromosomes, respectively. Subsequently, we characterized differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the seeds and silique pericarps on main florescences and primary branches of extremely high- and low-oil content accessions (HO and LO). A total of 64 lipid metabolism-related DEGs were identified, 14 of which are involved in triacylglycerols (TAGs) biosynthesis and assembly. Additionally, we analyzed differences in transcription levels of key genes involved in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in the plastid, TAGs assembly and lipid droplet packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) between high- and low-oil content B. napus accessions. CONCLUSIONS The combination of GWAS and transcriptome analyses revealed seven candidate genes located within the confidence intervals of significant SNPs. Current findings provide valuable information for facilitating marker-based breeding for higher seed oil content in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchun Xiao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Fang Tang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Bo Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Jingsen Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Qiang Huo
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Shengting Li
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Hai Du
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Nannan Li
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715 China
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King K, Li H, Kang J, Lu C. Mapping quantitative trait loci for seed traits in Camelina sativa. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:2567-2577. [PMID: 31177293 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Genetic dissection of oil content and seed size in Camelina sativa was conducted by QTL mapping using a SNP-based linkage map and a recombinant inbred population. Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) is an oilseed crop that has great potential to provide sustainable feedstock for biofuel production and to improve dryland agriculture. A major breeding objective for camelina is to increase seed size and oil content. Understanding the genetics behind variations of seed size and associated traits such as oil content would help breeders develop varieties of increased oil yield that are more robust, easier to plant and harvest, and better for oil processing. In this study, we developed a recombinant inbred population derived from the two camelina accessions, Suneson and Pryzeth, with contrasting traits, especially seed size and oil content. Using 189 lines, a genetic map was constructed containing 2376 single nucleotide polymorphism markers spanning 2034.6 cM of 20 linkage groups with an average density of 1.5 cM per locus. Field trials were conducted for 2 years (2017 and 2018) in two environments (dryland and irrigated) in Bozeman, Montana. The results revealed important correlations of seed size with other associated traits such as oil content, pod size and seed number per pod. Significant QTLs were also discovered for these traits. The results of this study are the first step to isolate genes controlling seed development and oil accumulation and to develop advanced varieties of camelina better adapted to modern agriculture by marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin King
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717-3150, USA
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717-3150, USA
| | - Jinling Kang
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717-3150, USA
| | - Chaofu Lu
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717-3150, USA.
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Chen K, Yin Y, Liu S, Guo Z, Zhang K, Liang Y, Zhang L, Zhao W, Chao H, Li M. Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of oleosin genes in Brassica napus L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:294. [PMID: 31272381 PMCID: PMC6610931 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1891-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapeseed is the third largest oil seed crop in the world. The seeds of this plant store lipids in oil bodies, and oleosin is the most important structural protein in oil bodies. However, the function of oleosin in oil crops has received little attention. RESULTS In the present study, 48 oleosin sequences from the Brassica napus genome were identified and divided into four lineages (T, U, SH, SL). Synteny analysis revealed that most of the oleosin genes were conserved, and all of these genes experienced purifying selection during evolution. Three and four important oleosin genes from Arabidopsis and B. napus, respectively, were cloned and analyzed for function in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of these oleosin genes in Arabidopsis increased the seed oil content slightly, except for BnaOLE3. Further analysis revealed that the average oil body size of the transgenic seeds was slightly larger than that of the wild type (WT), except for BnaOLE1. The fatty acid profiles showed that the linoleic acid content (13.3% at most) increased and the peanut acid content (11% at most) decreased in the transgenic lines. In addition, the seed size and thousand-seed weight (TSW) also increased in the transgenic lines, which could lead to increased total lipid production. CONCLUSION We identified oleosin genes in the B. napus genome, and overexpression of oleosin in Arabidopsis seeds increased the seed weight and linoleic acid content (13.3% at most).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Si Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Zhenyi Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
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Miao L, Chao H, Chen L, Wang H, Zhao W, Li B, Zhang L, Li H, Wang B, Li M. Stable and novel QTL identification and new insights into the genetic networks affecting seed fiber traits in Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1761-1775. [PMID: 30830267 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
QTL mapping for fiber-related traits and elucidation of a stable and novel QTL affecting seed lignin content, cellulose content and seed oil content. Dissection of the genetic networks for fiber biosynthesis is important for improving the seed oil content and meal value of Brassica napus. In this study, the genetic basis of seed fiber biosynthesis in B. napus was investigated via quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis using a doubled haploid population derived from 'KenC-8' crossed with 'N53-2.' Seed lignin content (LC), cellulose content (CC) and hemicellulose content (HC) were significantly negatively correlated with seed oil content (OC). Co-localization QTLs among LC, CC, HC and OC on A09 were found with contributions ranging from 9.87 to 48.50%. Seven co-localization QTLs involved in the fiber component and OC were further verified by bulked segregant analysis (BSA). The unique QTL uqA9-12 might be a real and new QTL that was commonly identified by QTL mapping and BSA and simultaneously affected LC, CC and OC with opposite additive effects. A potential regulatory network controlling seed fiber biosynthesis was constructed to dissect the complex mechanism of seed fiber and oil accumulation, and numerous candidate genes were identified in the fiber-related QTL regions. These results provided an enrichment of QTLs and potential candidates for fiber biosynthesis, as well as useful new information for understanding the complex genetic mechanism underlying rapeseed seed fiber accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Miao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Genome-Wide Identification and Comparative Expression Profile Analysis of the Long-Chain Acyl-CoA synthetase (LACS) Gene Family in Two Different Oil Content Cultivars of Brassica napus. Biochem Genet 2019; 57:781-800. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-019-09921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Chao H, Raboanatahiry N, Wang X, Zhao W, Chen L, Guo L, Li B, Hou D, Pu S, Zhang L, Wang H, Wang B, Li M. Genetic dissection of harvest index and related traits through genome-wide quantitative trait locus mapping in Brassica napus L. BREEDING SCIENCE 2019; 69:104-116. [PMID: 31086488 PMCID: PMC6507709 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.18115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The harvest index (HI) is the ratio of grain yield to the total biomass and represents the harvestable yield of crops. In Brassica napus, the HI is lower than that of other economically important crops, and limited relevant studies have been carried out regarding this issue. In this study, phenotypic analyses of 11 related traits showed the complexity of HI and the feasibility of cultivating desirable varieties with high HI. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping based on a high-density genetic map identified 160 QTL, 163 epistatic loci pairs for HI and three closely related traits: seed yield (SY), biomass yield (BY) and plant height (PH), including two, five and three major QTL for HI, SY and PH, respectively. The related candidate genes underlying the QTL and epistatic loci with coding region variation were identified and investigated, including BnaA02g14010D, homologous to OsTB1, which functions as a negative regulator for lateral branching, and BnaA02g18890D, homologous to OsGW2, which controls grain width and weight. The complex correlation of HI with related traits, numerous QTL and epistatic loci and the candidate genes identified here provide new insights into the genetic architecture of HI, which might further enhance effective breeding strategies for yield improvement in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University,
Huanggang, 438000,
China
| | - Nadia Raboanatahiry
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Nanjing, 210014,
China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement,
Yangling, 712100,
China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
| | - Liangxing Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
| | - Baojun Li
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement,
Yangling, 712100,
China
| | - Dalin Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
| | - Shi Pu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement,
Yangling, 712100,
China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University,
Jinan, 250000,
China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, 430074,
China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University,
Huanggang, 438000,
China
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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Zhu YN, Wang LZ, Li CC, Cui Y, Wang M, Lin YJ, Zhao RP, Wang W, Xiang H. Artificial selection on storage protein 1 possibly contributes to increase of hatchability during silkworm domestication. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1007616. [PMID: 30668559 PMCID: PMC6358105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Like other domesticates, the efficient utilization of nitrogen resources is also important for the only fully domesticated insect, the silkworm. Deciphering the way in which artificial selection acts on the silkworm genome to improve the utilization of nitrogen resources and to advance human-favored domestication traits, will provide clues from a unique insect model for understanding the general rules of Darwin's evolutionary theory on domestication. Storage proteins (SPs), which belong to a hemocyanin superfamily, basically serve as a source of amino acids and nitrogen during metamorphosis and reproduction in insects. In this study, through blast searching on the silkworm genome and further screening of the artificial selection signature on silkworm SPs, we discovered a candidate domestication gene, i.e., the methionine-rich storage protein 1 (SP1), which is clearly divergent from other storage proteins and exhibits increased expression in the ova of domestic silkworms. Knockout of SP1 via the CRISPR/Cas9 technique resulted in a dramatic decrease in egg hatchability, without obvious impact on egg production, which was similar to the effect in the wild silkworm compared with the domestic type. Larval development and metamorphosis were not affected by SP1 knockout. Comprehensive ova comparative transcriptomes indicated significant higher expression of genes encoding vitellogenin, chorions, and structural components in the extracellular matrix (ECM)-interaction pathway, enzymes in folate biosynthesis, and notably hormone synthesis in the domestic silkworm, compared to both the SP1 mutant and the wild silkworm. Moreover, compared with the wild silkworms, the domestic one also showed generally up-regulated expression of genes enriched in the structural constituent of ribosome and amide, as well as peptide biosynthesis. This study exemplified a novel case in which artificial selection could act directly on nitrogen resource proteins, further affecting egg nutrients and eggshell formation possibly through a hormone signaling mediated regulatory network and the activation of ribosomes, resulting in improved biosynthesis and increased hatchability during domestication. These findings shed new light on both the understanding of artificial selection and silkworm breeding from the perspective of nitrogen and amino acid resources. Like other domesticates, nitrogen resources are also important for the only fully domesticated insect, the silkworm. Deciphering the way in which artificial selection acts on the silkworm genome to improve the utilization of nitrogen resources, thereby advancing human-favored domestication traits, will provide clues from a unique insect model for understanding the general rules of Darwin's theory on artificial selection. However, the mechanisms of domestication in the silkworm remain largely unknown. In this study, we focused on one important nitrogen resource, the storage protein (SP). We discovered that the methionine-rich storage protein 1 (SP1), which is divergent from other SPs, is the only target of artificial selection. Based on functional evidence, together with key findings from the comprehensive comparative transcriptome, we propose that artificial selection favored higher expression of SP1 in the domestic silkworm, which would influence the genes or pathways vital for egg development and eggshell formation. Artificial selection also consistently favored activated ribosome activities and improved amide and peptide biosynthesis in the ova, like what they may act in the silk gland to increase silk-cocoon yield. We highlighted a novel case in which artificial selection could directly act on a nitrogen resource protein associated with a human-desired domestication trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Li-Zhi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cen-Cen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Jian Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruo-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, Northwestern Poly-technical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- * E-mail:
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Bieker S, Riester L, Doll J, Franzaring J, Fangmeier A, Zentgraf U. Nitrogen Supply Drives Senescence-Related Seed Storage Protein Expression in Rapeseed Leaves. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E72. [PMID: 30678241 PMCID: PMC6410074 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In general, yield and fruit quality strongly rely on efficient nutrient remobilization during plant development and senescence. Transcriptome changes associated with senescence in spring oilseed rape grown under optimal nitrogen supply or mild nitrogen deficiency revealed differences in senescence and nutrient mobilization in old lower canopy leaves and younger higher canopy leaves [1]. Having a closer look at this transcriptome analyses, we identified the major classes of seed storage proteins (SSP) to be expressed in vegetative tissue, namely leaf and stem tissue. Expression of SSPs was not only dependent on the nitrogen supply but transcripts appeared to correlate with intracellular H₂O₂ contents, which functions as well-known signaling molecule in developmental senescence. The abundance of SSPs in leaf material transiently progressed from the oldest leaves to the youngest. Moreover, stems also exhibited short-term production of SSPs, which hints at an interim storage function. In order to decipher whether hydrogen peroxide also functions as a signaling molecule in nitrogen deficiency-induced senescence, we analyzed hydrogen peroxide contents after complete nitrogen depletion in oilseed rape and Arabidopsis plants. In both cases, hydrogen peroxide contents were lower in nitrogen deficient plants, indicating that at least parts of the developmental senescence program appear to be suppressed under nitrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bieker
- Centre of Molecular Biology of Plants, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Lena Riester
- Centre of Molecular Biology of Plants, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Jasmin Doll
- Centre of Molecular Biology of Plants, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Franzaring
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Andreas Fangmeier
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Zentgraf
- Centre of Molecular Biology of Plants, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Evolutionary aspects of direct or indirect selection for seed size and seed metabolites in Brassica juncea and diploid progenitor species. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:1227-1238. [PMID: 30637624 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Seed size and seed metabolites have been the targets of direct or indirect selection during domestication and subsequent crop breeding. Understanding these traits and associated genetics can prove very useful for plant translational research. Large germplasm assemblage (235) of Brassica juncea and its progenitor species (B. rapa and B. nigra) was evaluated to establish seed trait variations for seed size and seed metabolites. Seeds were smallest in B. nigra and largest in B. juncea. Australian B. juncea and Indian B. rapa var brown sarson types averaged more seed oil content. Seed size and oil content were generally higher in modern cultivars in comparison to the land races. Allelic diversity for known associated genes for seed-size and oil-content (AP2, ARF2, TTG2, GRF2, GL2, CYP78A5, CYP78A6, MINI3, IKU2, IKU1, BRI1, DGAT, GPDH, LPAAT, GPAT and DA1) was studied so as to infer the effect of domestication on seed traits. Three genes (IKU1, IKU2, AP2) in B. rapa, two (TTG2 and GL2) in B. nigra and two (IKU1 and GRF2) in natural B. juncea were identified as targets of selection on the basis of Fst outlier and/or sequence diversity tests. We report parallel divergence for seed traits between B. juncea and B. rapa. Directional selection appeared stronger for seed-size as compared to correlated seed metabolites. Positive selection on seed-size is likely to have played a significant role in structuring regional variation in the germplasm.
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Gu J, Hou D, Li Y, Chao H, Zhang K, Wang H, Xiang J, Raboanatahiry N, Wang B, Li M. Integration of proteomic and genomic approaches to dissect seed germination vigor in Brassica napus seeds differing in oil content. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:21. [PMID: 30634904 PMCID: PMC6329107 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapeseed (Brassica napus, B. napus) is an important oil seed crop in the world. Previous studies showed that seed germination vigor might be correlated with seed oil content in B. napus, but the regulation mechanism for seed germination has not yet been explained clearly. Dissecting the regulation mechanism of seed germination and germination vigor is necessary. RESULTS Here, proteomic and genomic approaches were used to analyze the germination process in B. napus seeds with different oil content. The identification of 165 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the germinating seeds of B. napus with high and low oil content was accomplished by two-dimensional fluorescence difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). The comparative proteomic results revealed that seeds with high oil content had higher metabolic activity, especially for sulfur amino acid metabolism. Thirty-one unique genes were shown to be significantly changed during germination between the seeds with high and low oil content, and thirteen of these genes were located within the confidence interval of germination-related quantitative trait locus (QTLs), which might play an important role in regulating seed germination vigor. CONCLUSIONS The present results are of importance for the understanding of the regulation mechanism for seed germination vigor in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Gu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Institute of New Socialist Countryside Development, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China
| | - Dalin Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
| | - Nadia Raboanatahiry
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
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Zhang K, Nie L, Cheng Q, Yin Y, Chen K, Qi F, Zou D, Liu H, Zhao W, Wang B, Li M. Effective editing for lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase 2/5 in allotetraploid rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) using CRISPR-Cas9 system. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:225. [PMID: 31548867 PMCID: PMC6753616 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica napus is one of the most important oilseed crops, and can supply considerable amounts of edible oil as well as provide raw materials for the production of biodiesel in the biotechnology industry. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAT), a key enzyme in the Kennedy pathway, catalyses fatty acid chains into 3-phosphoglycerate and promotes further production of oil in the form of triacylglycerol. However, because B. napus is an allotetraploid with two subgenomes, the precise genes which involved in oil production remain unclear due to the intractability of efficiently knocking out all copies with high genetic redundancy. Therefore, a robust gene editing technology is necessary for gene function analysis. RESULTS An efficient gene editing technology was developed for the allotetraploid plant B. napus using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Previous studies showed poor results in either on-target or off-target activity in B. napus. In the present study, four single-gRNAs and two multi-gRNAs were deliberately designed from the conserved coding regions of BnLPAT2 which has seven homologous genes, and BnLPAT5, which has four homologous genes. The mutation frequency was found to range from 17 to 68%, while no mutation was observed in the putative off-target sites. The seeds of the Bnlpat2/Bnlpat5 mutant were wizened and showed enlarged oil bodies, disrupted distribution of protein bodies and increased accumulation of starch in mature seeds. The oil content decreased, with an average decrease of 32% for Bnlpat2 lines and 29% for Bnlpat5 lines in single-gRNA knockout lines, and a decline of 24% for Bnlpat2 mutant lines (i.e., g123) and 39% for Bnlpat2/Bnlpat5 double mutant lines (i.e., g134) in multi-gRNA knockout lines. CONCLUSIONS Seven BnLPAT2 homologous genes and four BnLPAT5 homologous genes were cleaved completely using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, which indicated that it is effective for editing all homologous genes in allotetraploid rapeseed, despite the relatively low sequence identities of both gene families. The size of the oil bodies increased significantly while the oil content decreased, confirming that BnLPAT2 and BnLPAT5 play a role in oil biosynthesis. The present study lays a foundation for further oil production improvement in oilseed crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
| | - Liluo Nie
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiqi Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuyu Qi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dashan Zou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250000 China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
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Li B, Zhao W, Li D, Chao H, Zhao X, Ta N, Li Y, Guan Z, Guo L, Zhang L, Li S, Wang H, Li M. Genetic dissection of the mechanism of flowering time based on an environmentally stable and specific QTL in Brassica napus. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 277:296-310. [PMID: 30466595 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time is an important agronomic trait that is highly influenced by the environment. To elucidate the genetic mechanism of flowering time in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a genome-wide QTL analysis was performed in a doubled haploid population grown in winter, semi-winter and spring ecological conditions. Fifty-five consensus QTLs were identified after combining phenotype and genomic data, including 12 environment-stable QTLs and 43 environment-specific QTLs. Importantly, six major QTLs for flowering time were identified, of which two were considered environment-specific QTLs in spring ecological condition and four were considered environment-stable QTLs in winter and semi-winter ecological conditions. Through QTL comparison, 18 QTLs were colocalized with QTLs from six other published studies. Combining the candidate genes with their functional annotation, in 49 of 55 consensus QTLs, 151 candidate genes in B. napus corresponding to 95 homologous genes in Arabidopsis thaliana related to flowering were identified, including BnaC03g32910D (CO), BnaA02g12130D (FT) and BnaA03g13630D (FLC). Most of the candidate genes were involved in different flowering regulatory pathways. Based on re-sequencing and differences in sequence annotation between the two parents, we found that regions containing some candidate genes have numerous non-frameshift InDels and many non- synonymous mutations, which might directly lead to gene functional variation. Flowering time was negativly correlated with seed yield and thousand seed weight based on a QTL comparison of flowering time and seed yield traits, which has implications in breeding new early-maturing varieties of B. napus. Moreover, a putative flowering regulatory network was constructed, including the photoperiod, circadian clock, vernalization, autonomous and gibberellin pathways. Multiple copies of genes led to functional difference among the different copies of homologous genes, which also increased the complexity of the flowering regulatory networks. Taken together, the present results not only provide new insights into the genetic regulatory network underlying the control of flowering time but also improve our understanding of flowering time regulatory pathways in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojun Li
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dianrong Li
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China.
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhao
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China.
| | - Na Ta
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China.
| | - Yonghong Li
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China.
| | - Zhoubo Guan
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China.
| | - Liangxing Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shisheng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rape Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, China.
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China.
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Elferjani R, Soolanayakanahally R. Canola Responses to Drought, Heat, and Combined Stress: Shared and Specific Effects on Carbon Assimilation, Seed Yield, and Oil Composition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1224. [PMID: 30214451 PMCID: PMC6125602 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic assimilation is remarkably altered by heat and drought, and this depends on the individual or combined occurrence of stressors and their respective intensities and durations. Abiotic stressors may also alter the nutritional quality and economic value of crops. In this controlled greenhouse study, we evaluated the response of Brassica napus L., from flowering to seed development, to two temperature and water treatments and a combination of these treatments. The diffusional limitations of stomatal conductance and mesophyll conductance on photosynthesis, as well as resource-use efficiency (particularly water and nitrogen), were assessed. In addition, the effects of stressors on the seed fatty acid content and composition and the total protein content were examined. The results showed that the reduction in the net photosynthetic assimilation rate was caused by combinations of heat and drought (heat + drought) treatments, by drought alone, and, to a lesser extent, by heat alone. The stomatal conductance decreased under drought and heat + drought treatments but not under heat. Conversely, the mesophyll conductance was reduced significantly in the plants exposed to heat and heat + drought but not in the plants exposed to drought alone. The carboxylation efficiency rate and the electron transport rate were reduced under the heat treatment. The seed yield was reduced by 85.3% under the heat treatment and, to a lesser extent, under the drought treatment (31%). This emphasizes the devastating effects of hotter weather on seed formation and development. Seed oil content decreased by 52% in the plants exposed to heat, the protein content increased under all the stress treatments. Heat treatment had a more deleterious effect than drought on the seed oil composition, leading to enhanced levels of saturated fatty oils and, consequently, desaturation efficiency, a measure of oil frying ability. Overall, this study showed that except for the photosynthetic assimilation rate and stomatal conductance, heat, rather than drought, negatively affected the photosynthetic capacity, yield, and oil quality attributes when imposed during the flowering and silique-filling stages. This result highlights the necessity for a better understanding of heat tolerance mechanisms in crops to help to create germplasms that are adapted to rapid climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raju Soolanayakanahally
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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