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Fattahi M, Rahdan F, Shaterabadi D, Zamani Sani M, Alizadeh M, Khatami SH, Taheri-Anganeh M, Movahedpour A, Ghasemi H. MicroRNA biosensors for the detection of liver cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117796. [PMID: 38272250 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the deadliest types worldwide and early diagnosis is highly important for successful treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop rapid, sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical tools for its detection. MicroRNAs (miRNA) represent unique biomarkers whose expression in biofluids is strongly associated with cancer in general and miR-21, -31, -122, -145, -146a, -200c, -221, -222, and -223 in liver cancer, specifically. Various biosensors for miRNA detection have been developed. These include electrochemical biosensors based on amperometric, potentiometric, conductometric and impedimetric technology. Furthermore, the use of advanced nanomaterials with enhanced chemical stability, conductivity and electrocatalytic activity have greatly increased the sensitivity and specificity of these devices. The present review focuses on recent advances in electrochemical biosensors for miRNA detection in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Fereshteh Rahdan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Donya Shaterabadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zamani Sani
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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2
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Arman S, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ. A review of electrochemical impedance as a tool for examining cell biology and subcellular mechanisms: merits, limits, and future prospects. Analyst 2024; 149:269-289. [PMID: 38015145 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein the development of cellular impedance biosensors, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the general principles and terms associated with the cell-electrode interface is reviewed. This family of techniques provides quantitative and sensitive information into cell responses to stimuli in real-time with high temporal resolution. The applications of cell-based impedance biosensors as a readout in cell biology is illustrated with a diverse range of examples. The current state of the field, its limitations, the possible available solutions, and the potential benefits of developing biosensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedyousef Arman
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
- Australia Centre for Nanomedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
- Australia Centre for Nanomedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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3
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Paxson AI, Chang LH, Gard JMC, Harryman WL, Nelson CS, Salmon SB, Marr KD, Wachsmuth LM, Ramanathan A, Ran J, Kapoor A, Marugan JJ, Henderson MJ, Sanchez TW, Cress AE. Phenotype plasticity and altered sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents in aggressive prostate cancer cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1285372. [PMID: 38046670 PMCID: PMC10690371 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1285372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2023, approximately 288,300 new diagnoses of prostate cancer will occur, with 34,700 disease-related deaths. Death from prostate cancer is associated with metastasis, enabled by progression of tumor phenotypes and successful extracapsular extension to reach Batson's venous plexus, a specific route to the spine and brain. Using a mouse-human tumor xenograft model, we isolated an aggressive muscle invasive cell population of prostate cancer, called DU145J7 with a distinct biophysical phenotype, elevated histone H3K27, and increased matrix metalloproteinase 14 expression as compared to the non-aggressive parent cell population called DU145WT. Our goal was to determine the sensitivities to known chemotherapeutic agents of the aggressive cells as compared to the parent population. High-throughput screening was performed with 5,578 compounds, comprising of approved and investigational drugs for oncology. Eleven compounds were selected for additional testing, which revealed that vorinostat, 5-azacitidine, and fimepinostat (epigenetic inhibitors) showed 2.6-to-7.5-fold increases in lethality for the aggressive prostate cancer cell population as compared to the parent, as judged by the concentration of drug to inhibit 50% cell growth (IC50). On the other hand, the DU145J7 cells were 2.2-to-4.0-fold resistant to mitoxantrone, daunorubicin, and gimatecan (topoisomerase inhibitors) as compared to DU145WT. No differences in sensitivities between cell populations were found for docetaxel or pirarubicin. The increased sensitivity of DU145J7 prostate cancer cells to chromatin modifying agents suggests a therapeutic vulnerability occurs after tumor cells invade into and through muscle. Future work will determine which epigenetic modifiers and what combinations will be most effective to eradicate early aggressive tumor populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan I. Paxson
- Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Loren H. Chang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Jaime M. C. Gard
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - William L. Harryman
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Colin S. Nelson
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Stella B. Salmon
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Kendra D. Marr
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Medical Scientist Training MD/PhD Program, College of Medicine Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Leah M. Wachsmuth
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Anita Ramanathan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Jing Ran
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Abhijeet Kapoor
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Juan J. Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Mark J. Henderson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Tino W. Sanchez
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Anne E. Cress
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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4
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Marr KD, Gard JMC, Harryman WL, Keeswood EJ, Paxson AI, Wolgemuth C, Knudsen BS, Nagle RB, Hazlehurst L, Sorbellini M, Cress AE. Biophysical phenotype mixtures reveal advantages for tumor muscle invasion in vivo. Biophys J 2023; 122:4194-4206. [PMID: 37766428 PMCID: PMC10645557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder, colon, gastric, prostate, and uterine cancers originate in organs surrounded by laminin-coated smooth muscle. In human prostate cancer, tumors that are organ confined, without extracapsular extension through muscle, have an overall cancer survival rate of up to 97% compared with 32% for metastatic disease. Our previous work modeling extracapsular extension reported the blocking of tumor invasion by mutation of a laminin-binding integrin called α6β1. Expression of the α6AA mutant resulted in a biophysical switch from cell-ECM (extracellular matrix) to cell-cell adhesion with drug sensitivity properties and an inability to invade muscle. Here we used different admixtures of α6AA and α6WT cells to test the cell heterogeneity requirements for muscle invasion. Time-lapse video microscopy revealed that tumor mixtures self-assembled into invasive networks in vitro, whereas α6AA cells assembled only as cohesive clusters. Invasion of α6AA cells into and through live muscle occurred using a 1:1 mixture of α6AA and α6WT cells. Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing measurements revealed that compared with α6AA cells, invasion-competent α6WT cells were 2.5-fold faster at closing a cell-ECM or cell-cell wound, respectively. Cell-ECM rebuilding kinetics show that an increased response occurred in mixtures since the response was eightfold greater compared with populations containing only one cell type. A synthetic cell adhesion cyclic peptide called MTI-101 completely blocked electric cell-substrate impedance sensing cell-ECM wound recovery that persisted in vitro up to 20 h after the wound. Treatment of tumor-bearing animals with 10 mg/kg MTI-101 weekly resulted in a fourfold decrease of muscle invasion by tumor and a decrease of the depth of invasion into muscle comparable to the α6AA cells. Taken together, these data suggest that mixed biophysical phenotypes of tumor cells within a population can provide functional advantages for tumor invasion into and through muscle that can be potentially inhibited by a synthetic cell adhesion molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra D Marr
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | | | - Elijah J Keeswood
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona; Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Allan I Paxson
- Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Beatrice S Knudsen
- Department of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Raymond B Nagle
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Lori Hazlehurst
- Associate Director of Basic Research, Co-Leader Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | | | - Anne E Cress
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
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5
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Tupper LL, Keese CR, Matteson DS. Classifying contaminated cell cultures using time series features. J Appl Stat 2023; 51:1210-1226. [PMID: 38628445 PMCID: PMC11018005 DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2023.2248413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
We examine the use of time series data, derived from Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS), to differentiate between standard mammalian cell cultures and those infected with a mycoplasma organism. With the goal of easy visualization and interpretation, we perform low-dimensional feature-based classification, extracting application-relevant features from the ECIS time courses. We can achieve very high classification accuracy using only two features, which depend on the cell line under examination. Initial results also show the existence of experimental variation between plates and suggest types of features that may prove more robust to such variation. Our paper is the first to perform a broad examination of ECIS time course features in the context of detecting contamination; to combine different types of features to achieve classification accuracy while preserving interpretability; and to describe and suggest possibilities for ameliorating plate-to-plate variation.
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6
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Jiang D, Wei X, Zhu Y, Qiu Y, Liu X, Kong L, Li F, Liu J, Zhuang L, Wan H, Ying K, Wang P. Evaluating the efficacy and cardiotoxicity of EGFR-TKI AC0010 with a novel multifunctional biosensor. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:57. [PMID: 37180453 PMCID: PMC10172296 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have dramatically improved the life expectancy of patients with NSCLC, concerns about TKI-induced cardiotoxicities have increased. AC0010, a novel third-generation TKI, was developed to overcome drug resistance induced by EGFR-T790M mutation. However, the cardiotoxicity of AC0010 remains unclear. To evaluate the efficacy and cardiotoxicity of AC0010, we designed a novel multifunctional biosensor by integrating microelectrodes (MEs) and interdigital electrodes (IDEs) to comprehensively evaluate cell viability, electrophysiological activity, and morphological changes (beating of cardiomyocytes). The multifunctional biosensor can monitor AC0010-induced NSCLC inhibition and cardiotoxicity in a quantitative, label-free, noninvasive, and real-time manner. AC0010 was found to significantly inhibit NCI-H1975 (EGFR-L858R/T790M mutation), while weak inhibition was found for A549 (wild-type EGFR). Negligible inhibition was found in the viabilities of HFF-1 (normal fibroblasts) and cardiomyocytes. With the multifunctional biosensor, we found that 10 μM AC0010 significantly affected the extracellular field potential (EFP) and mechanical beating of cardiomyocytes. The amplitude of EFP continuously decreased after AC0010 treatment, while the interval decreased first and then increased. We analyzed the change in the systole time (ST) and diastole time (DT) within a beating interval and found that the DT and DT/beating interval rate decreased within 1 h after AC0010 treatment. This result probably indicated that the relaxation of cardiomyocytes was insufficient, which may further aggravate the dysfunction. Here, we found that AC0010 significantly inhibited EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells and impaired cardiomyocyte function at low concentrations (10 μM). This is the first study in which the risk of AC0010-induced cardiotoxicity was evaluated. In addition, novel multifunctional biosensors can comprehensively evaluate the antitumor efficacy and cardiotoxicity of drugs and candidate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Jiang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310053 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
| | - Xinwei Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Xin Liu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Liubing Kong
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Fengheng Li
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009 China
| | - Liujing Zhuang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
| | - Hao Wan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310053 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
| | - Kejing Ying
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027 China
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310053 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 China
- State Key Laboratory for Sensor Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 China
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7
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Zhang W, Griffin M, Matteson DS. Modeling a nonlinear biophysical trend followed by long-memory equilibrium with unknown change point. Ann Appl Stat 2023. [DOI: 10.1214/22-aoas1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Zhang
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University
| | - Maryclare Griffin
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst
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8
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Satsuka A, Hayashi S, Yanagida S, Ono A, Kanda Y. Contractility assessment of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes by using a motion vector system and measuring cell impedance. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2022; 118:107227. [PMID: 36243255 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Predicting drug-induced cardiotoxicity during the non-clinical stage is important to avoid severe consequences in the clinical trials of new drugs. Human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) hold great promise for cardiac safety assessments in drug development. To date, multi-electrode array system (MEA) has been a widely used as a tool for the assessment of proarrhythmic risk with hiPSC-CMs. Recently, new methodologies have been proposed to assess in vitro contractility, such as the force and velocity of cell contraction, using hiPSC-CMs. Herein, we focused on an imaging-based motion vector system (MV) and an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system (IMP). We compared the output signals of hiPSC-CMs from MV and IMP in detail and observed a clear correlation between the parameters. In addition, we assessed the effects of isoproterenol and verapamil on hiPSC-CM contraction and identified a correlation in the contractile change of parameters obtained with MV and IMP. These results suggest that both assay systems could be used to monitor hiPSC-CM contraction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Satsuka
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Sayo Hayashi
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Shota Yanagida
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduated School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduated School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kanda
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduated School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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9
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Walter Y, Hubbard A, Benoit A, Jank E, Salas O, Jordan D, Ekpenyong A. Development of In Vitro Assays for Advancing Radioimmunotherapy against Brain Tumors. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081796. [PMID: 35892697 PMCID: PMC9394411 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. Due to high resistance to treatment, local invasion, and a high risk of recurrence, GBM patient prognoses are often dismal, with median survival around 15 months. The current standard of care is threefold: surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). However, patient survival has only marginally improved. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a fourth modality under clinical trials and aims at combining immunotherapeutic agents with radiotherapy. Here, we develop in vitro assays for the rapid evaluation of RIT strategies. Using a standard cell irradiator and an Electric Cell Impedance Sensor, we quantify cell migration following the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy with TMZ and RIT with durvalumab, a PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. We measure cell survival using a cloud-based clonogenic assay. Irradiated T98G and U87 GBM cells migrate significantly (p < 0.05) more than untreated cells in the first 20−40 h post-treatment. Addition of TMZ increases migration rates for T98G at 20 Gy (p < 0.01). Neither TMZ nor durvalumab significantly change cell survival in 21 days post-treatment. Interestingly, durvalumab abolishes the enhanced migration effect, indicating possible potency against local invasion. These results provide parameters for the rapid supplementary evaluation of RIT against brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Walter
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (Y.W.); (A.H.); (A.B.); (E.J.); (O.S.)
| | - Anne Hubbard
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (Y.W.); (A.H.); (A.B.); (E.J.); (O.S.)
| | - Allie Benoit
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (Y.W.); (A.H.); (A.B.); (E.J.); (O.S.)
| | - Erika Jank
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (Y.W.); (A.H.); (A.B.); (E.J.); (O.S.)
| | - Olivia Salas
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (Y.W.); (A.H.); (A.B.); (E.J.); (O.S.)
| | - Destiny Jordan
- Department of Biology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
| | - Andrew Ekpenyong
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (Y.W.); (A.H.); (A.B.); (E.J.); (O.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-280-2208
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10
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Lee D, Naikar JS, Chan SSY, Meivita MP, Li L, Tan YS, Bajalovic N, Loke DK. Ultralong recovery time in nanosecond electroporation systems enabled by orientational-disordering processes. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:7934-7942. [PMID: 35603889 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing importance of applications based on molecular medicine and genetic engineering is driving the need to develop high-performance electroporation technologies. The electroporation phenomenon involves disruption of the cell for increasing membrane permeability. Although there is a multitude of research focused on exploring new electroporation techniques, the engineering of programming schemes suitable for these electroporation methods remains a challenge. Nanosecond stimulations could be promising candidates for these techniques owing to their ability to generate a wide range of biological responses. Here we control the membrane permeabilization of cancer cells using different numbers of electric-field pulses through orientational disordering effects. We then report our exploration of a few-volt nanosecond alternating-current (AC) stimulation method with an increased number of pulses for developing electroporation systems. A recovery time of ∼720 min was achieved, which is above the average of ∼76 min for existing electroporation methods using medium cell populations, as well as a previously unreported increased conductance with an increase in the number of pulses using weak bias amplitudes. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal the orientation-disordering-facilitated increase in the degree of permeabilization. These findings highlight the potential of few-volt nanosecond AC-stimulation with an increased number of pulse strategies for the development of next-generation low-power electroporation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Lee
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372.
| | - J Shamita Naikar
- Office of Innovation, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, 529889
| | - Sophia S Y Chan
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372.
| | - Maria Prisca Meivita
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372.
| | - Lunna Li
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372.
| | - Yaw Sing Tan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138671
| | - Natasa Bajalovic
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372.
| | - Desmond K Loke
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372.
- Office of Innovation, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, 529889
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11
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Designing of various biosensor devices for determination of apoptosis: A comprehensive review. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 578:42-62. [PMID: 34536828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a type of cell death caused by the occurrence of both pathological and physiological conditions triggered by ligation of death receptors outside the cell or triggered by DNA damage and/or cytoskeleton disruption. Timely monitoring of apoptosis can effectively help early diagnosis of related diseases and continuous assessment of the effectiveness of drugs. Detecting caspases, a protease family closely related to cellular apoptosis, and its identification as markers of apoptosis is a popular procedure. Biosensors are used for early diagnosis and play a very important role in preventing disease progression in various body sections. Recently, there has been a widespread increase in the desire to use materials made of paper (e.g. nitrocellulose membrane) for Point-of-Care (POC) testing systems since paper and paper-like materials are cheap, abundant and degradable. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are highly promising as they are cost-effective, easy to use, fast, precise and sustainable over time and under different environmental conditions. In this review, we focused our efforts on compiling the different approaches on identifying apoptosis pathway while giving brief information about apoptosis and biosensors. This review includes recent advantages in biosensing techniques to simply determine what happened in the cell life and which direction it would continue. As a conclusion, we believed that the review may help to researchers to compare/update the knowledge about diagnosis of the apoptosis pathway while reminding the basic definitions about the apoptosis and biosensor technologies.
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12
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Zhao Y, Lou J, Zhang H, Sun H, Zhang M, Wang S, Sha X, Zhan Z, Wang Y, Ma C, Li WJ. Measurement methods of single cell drug response. Talanta 2021; 239:123035. [PMID: 34839926 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, a wide multitude of research activity has been focused on the development of new drugs, and devoted to overcome the challenges of high cost and low efficiency in drug evaluation. The measurement of drug response at the single cell level is a quicker, more direct and more accurate way to reflect drug efficacy, which can shorten the drug development period and reduce research costs. Therefore, the single cell drug response (SCDR) measurement technology has aroused extensive attention from researchers, and has become a hot topic in the fields of drug research and cell biology. Recent years have seen the emergence of various SCDR measurement technologies that feature different working principles and different levels of measurement performance. To better examine, compare and summarize the characteristics and functions of these technologies, we select signal-to-noise ratio, throughput, content, invasion, and device complexity as the criteria to evaluate them from the drug efficacy perspective. This review aims to highlight sixteen kinds of SCDR measurement technologies, including patch-clamp technique, live-cell interferometry, capillary electrophoresis, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and more, and report widespread representative examples of SCDR measurement the recent approaches for over the past forty years. Based on their reaction principles, these technologies are classified into four categories: electrical, optical, electrochemical, and mass spectrometry, and a detailed comparison is made between them. After in-depth understanding of these technologies, it is expected to improve or integrate these technologies to propose better SCDR measurement strategies, and explore methods in new drug development and screening, as well as disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Jiazhi Lou
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Menglin Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Shuyu Wang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Xiaopeng Sha
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Zhikun Zhan
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Cuihua Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Wen Jung Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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13
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Wan H, Zhao J, Huang Y, Tao F, Fu Y. Rapid quantitative detection of glucose using biological sensor system as combined with electrochemical data treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1949343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifang Wan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Yanming Huang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Fan Tao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Yunbin Fu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
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14
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Gradient-based impedance synthesis for breast and lung cancer cell screening deploying planar and nano-structured electrodes. Med Biol Eng Comput 2021; 59:1709-1721. [PMID: 34235607 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-021-02382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
World Health Organization articulated 9.8 million casualties globally in 2018 due to cancer. Cancer, as the world's second most fatal disease, can be recuperated well if diagnosed at an early stage. In this work, a gradient-based impedance synthesis of normal and cancerous cells of breast and lungs, is demonstrated numerically for early-stage cancer detection. Low-voltage single-cell level examination is employed for indomitable diagnosis. MCF-7 and MCF-10A are utilized as breast cancer and breast normal cells, respectively; likewise, SK-MES and NL-20 are utilized as lung cancer and lung normal cell. Pre-examination numerical setup validity ensured with multiple test regimes. Micro-scaled planar and nano-structured electrodes are employed individually to witness the effect of the electrode's structure during electrical impedance examination of cancer and non-cancer cell. Frequency range, at which differential impedance effect is found detectable, for breast and lung cancer cell pairs is determined to be 107 Hz and 108 Hz, respectively. By surpassing the conventional impedance spectroscopy with tedious data fitting formalities, the gradient synthesis technique for cancer detection is introduced. The gradient synthesis for cancer detection is found independent of electrode shape effect. Gradient for breast cancer cell is found to be 2 times greater than the normal breast cell while for lung cancer cell it is found to be 1.5 times greater than the normal lung cell. Our results suggest that as the frequency of applied electrical stimulus increases, impedance of cancerous cell falls at the rate almost double than its counterpart normal cell. This work provides a theoretical basis for further experimental exploration of gradient-based impedance synthesis in cancer therapy and serves as a design tool for performance optimization. Figure 1 (a) Represents electrical Impedance analysis of breast normal cell MCF-10A and breast cancer cell MCF-7 using micro-scaled planar and nano-structured electrodes. (b) Gradient impedance synthesis performed, for breast normal cell (MCF-10A) and breast cancer cell (MCF-7) likewise for lungs normal cell (NL-20) and lungs cancer cell (SK-MES), which assures clear differential effect for cancer screening. Surpassing the conventional and tedious data fitting impedance spectroscopies, a novel gradient-based impedance spectroscopy for early cancer detection is introduced. It clearly detects cancer without any data fitting formalities to find parameter of identification. Planar and nano structure electrodes are used to witness the impact of electrode shape on cell impedance. Breast normal MCF-10A and cancer cell MCF-7 as well as lungs normal NL-20 and cancer cell SK-MES are examined to reflect the efficacy of our work. Single cell level examination is performed for authenticated results.
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15
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Schneider L, Liu J, Zhang C, Azoitei A, Meessen S, Zheng X, Cremer C, Gorzelanny C, Kempe-Gonzales S, Brunner C, Wezel F, Bolenz C, Gunes C, John A. The Role of Interleukin-1-Receptor-Antagonist in Bladder Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115875. [PMID: 34070905 PMCID: PMC8198563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The interleukin-1-receptor antagonist IL1RA (encoded by the IL1RN gene) is a potent competitive antagonist to interleukin-1 (IL1) and thereby is mainly involved in the regulation of inflammation. Previous data indicated a role of IL1RA in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) as well as an IL1-dependent decrease in tissue barrier function, potentially contributing to cancer cell invasion. Objective: Based on these observations, here we investigated the potential roles of IL1RA, IL1A, and IL1B in bladder cancer cell invasion in vitro. Methods: Cell culture, real-time impedance sensing, invasion assays (Boyden chamber, pig bladder model), qPCR, Western blot, ELISA, gene overexpression. Results: We observed a loss of IL1RA expression in invasive, high-grade bladder cancer cell lines T24, UMUC-3, and HT1197 while IL1RA expression was readily detectable in the immortalized UROtsa cells, the non-invasive bladder cancer cell line RT4, and in benign patient urothelium. Thus, we modified the invasive human bladder cancer cell line T24 to ectopically express IL1RA, and measured changes in cell migration/invasion using the xCELLigence Real-Time-Cell-Analysis (RTCA) system and the Boyden chamber assay. The real-time observation data showed a significant decrease of cell migration and invasion in T24 cells overexpressing IL1RA (T24-IL1RA), compared to cells harboring an empty vector (T24-EV). Concurrently, tumor cytokines, e.g., IL1B, attenuated the vascular endothelial barrier, which resulted in a reduction of the Cell Index (CI), an impedance-based dimensionless unit. This reduction could be reverted by the simultaneous incubation with IL1RA. Moreover, we used an ex vivo porcine organ culture system to evaluate cell invasion capacity and showed that T24-IL1RA cells showed significantly less invasive capacity compared to parental T24 cells or T24-EV. Conclusions: Taken together, our results indicate an inverse correlation between IL1RA expression and tumor cell invasive capacity and migration, suggesting that IL1RA plays a role in bladder carcinogenesis, while the exact mechanisms by which IL1RA influences tumor cells migration/invasion remain to be clarified in future studies. Furthermore, we confirmed that real-time impedance sensing and the porcine ex vivo organ culture methods are powerful tools to discover differences in cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schneider
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Junnan Liu
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Anca Azoitei
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Sabine Meessen
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Xi Zheng
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Catharina Cremer
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | | | - Sybille Kempe-Gonzales
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.K.-G.); (C.B.)
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (S.K.-G.); (C.B.)
| | - Felix Wezel
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Christian Bolenz
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
| | - Cagatay Gunes
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-731-500-58019
| | - Axel John
- Department of Urology, Ulm University Hospital, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.S.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (X.Z.); (C.C.); (F.W.); (C.B.); (A.J.)
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16
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PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors for electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing down to single cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 180:113101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Lei KF, Ho YC, Huang CH, Huang CH, Pai PC. Characterization of stem cell-like property in cancer cells based on single-cell impedance measurement in a microfluidic platform. Talanta 2021; 229:122259. [PMID: 33838770 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of stem cell-like property in cancer cells is important for the development of new therapeutic drugs targeting at malignant tumors. Currently, the standard approach for identifying cancer stem cell-like cells relies on the recognition of stem cell surface markers. However, the reliability remains controversial among biologists. In the current work, a dielectrophoretic and impedimetric hybrid microfluidic platform was developed for capturing single cells and characterizing their stem cell-like property. Single cells were captured in 20 μm trapping wells by dielectrophoretic force and their impedance spectra were measured by an impedance analyzer. The result showed that different cancer cell lines could be differentiated by impedance magnitude ranging between 2 and 20 kHz. Moreover, cancer cells and cancer stem cell-like cells could be categorized by a 2-dimensional graph of the impedance magnitudes at 2 and 20 kHz. The stem cell-like property in cancer cells was verified by stem cell surface markers and single-cell derived colony assay. Comparing with bio-chemical approach, i.e., surface markers, bio-physical approach, i.e., cell impedance, is a label-free technique to identify cancer stem cell-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Fong Lei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Ho
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ping Ching Pai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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18
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Yang X, Li X, Khochare SD, Ruchhoeft P, Shih WC, Shan X. Imaging the Electrochemical Impedance of Single Cells via Conductive Polymer Thin Film. ACS Sens 2021; 6:485-492. [PMID: 33251805 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many fundamentally important biological phenomena involve the cells to establish and break down the adhesive interactions with the substrate. Here, we report a novel optical method that could directly image the electrochemical impedance of cell-substrate interactions at the single cell level with conventional microscopes and cameras. A thin conductive polymer layer on top of the ITO substrate (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS) is used as the impedance imaging and sensing layer. A sinusoidal electrochemical potential is applied to the conductive polymer film, and the ion intercalation and transportation in the PEDOT:PSS layer will change the absorption spectrum of the polymer film. The attachment of the cells to the substrate will block and affect the ion doping and dedoping process, and therefore change the color of the polymer film. This process can be captured by any upright or inverted microscope with a simple camera. Utilizing this method, we have successfully imaged the impedance of single-cell attachment, observed the variations of cell-substrate interactions, and measured the impedance changes at different stages of the attachment process. This paper has proposed and successfully demonstrated a new strategy that translates the electrochemical impedance information to an optical signal that could be imaged and used to quantify the local responses. In addition, this method does not need any specially designed optical setup, which may lead to its broad applications in the clinics and biological research laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Suraj D. Khochare
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Paul Ruchhoeft
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Wei-Chuan Shih
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Xiaonan Shan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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19
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Optimization, fabrication, and characterization of four electrode-based sensors for blood impedance measurement. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:9. [PMID: 33449205 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an optimized, non-invasive four electrode-based impedimetric sensors have been designed, fabricated, and characterized for measuring the impedance of a biological cell. The impedimetric sensors having four mono-polar electrodes were fabricated utilizing the photolithography technique with gold as the electrode material. Furthermore, the impedance of the electrolyte/electrode interface was simulated by optimizing different parameters, including applied voltage, PBS thickness, and diameter, using COMSOL Multiphysics software for a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz. Next, the impedance of the fabricated device was measured experimentally using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. Then, the COMSOL data was equated with the impedance obtained from the fabricated devices to realize the feasibility and error percentage (RSE < 5%) of the sensor. The equivalent circuit model for the measured impedance data of PBS was obtained utilizing the ZsimpWin software. Besides, the mathematical relations between the impedance, phase angle and the area of the electrode were interpreted for the fabricated impedimetric sensors. Later on, a real blood sample was also characterized to demonstrate the feasibility and the validity of the proposed technique and the fabricated devices in cell diagnosis.
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20
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Gheorghiu M. A short review on cell-based biosensing: challenges and breakthroughs in biomedical analysis. J Biomed Res 2020; 35:255-263. [PMID: 33888671 PMCID: PMC8383170 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.34.20200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current cell-based biosensors have progressed substantially from mere alternatives to molecular bioreceptors into enabling tools for interfacing molecular machineries and gene circuits with microelectronics and for developing groundbreaking sensing and theragnostic platforms. The recent literature concerning whole-cell biosensors is reviewed with an emphasis on mammalian cells, and the challenges and breakthroughs brought along in biomedical analyses through novel biosensing concepts and the synthetic biology toolbox. These recent innovations allow development of cell-based biosensing platforms having tailored performances and capable to reach the levels of sensitivity, dynamic range, and stability suitable for high analytic/medical relevance. They also pave the way for the construction of flexible biosensing platforms with utility across biological research and clinical applications. The work is intended to stimulate interest in generation of cell-based biosensors and improve their acceptance and exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Gheorghiu
- Biosensors Department, International Centre of Biodynamics, Bucharest 060101, Romania
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21
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Saffioti NA, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Pallarola D. Biosensors for Studies on Adhesion-Mediated Cellular Responses to Their Microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:597950. [PMID: 33262979 PMCID: PMC7685988 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.597950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells interact with their microenvironment by constantly sensing mechanical and chemical cues converting them into biochemical signals. These processes allow cells to respond and adapt to changes in their environment, and are crucial for most cellular functions. Understanding the mechanism underlying this complex interplay at the cell-matrix interface is of fundamental value to decipher key biochemical and mechanical factors regulating cell fate. The combination of material science and surface chemistry aided in the creation of controllable environments to study cell mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. Biologically inspired materials tailored with specific bioactive molecules, desired physical properties and tunable topography have emerged as suitable tools to study cell behavior. Among these materials, synthetic cell interfaces with built-in sensing capabilities are highly advantageous to measure biophysical and biochemical interaction between cells and their environment. In this review, we discuss the design of micro and nanostructured biomaterials engineered not only to mimic the structure, properties, and function of the cellular microenvironment, but also to obtain quantitative information on how cells sense and probe specific adhesive cues from the extracellular domain. This type of responsive biointerfaces provides a readout of mechanics, biochemistry, and electrical activity in real time allowing observation of cellular processes with molecular specificity. Specifically designed sensors based on advanced optical and electrochemical readout are discussed. We further provide an insight into the emerging role of multifunctional micro and nanosensors to control and monitor cell functions by means of material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Andrés Saffioti
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
| | | | - Diego Pallarola
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
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22
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Chalklen T, Jing Q, Kar-Narayan S. Biosensors Based on Mechanical and Electrical Detection Techniques. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5605. [PMID: 33007906 PMCID: PMC7584018 DOI: 10.3390/s20195605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors are powerful analytical tools for biology and biomedicine, with applications ranging from drug discovery to medical diagnostics, food safety, and agricultural and environmental monitoring. Typically, biological recognition receptors, such as enzymes, antibodies, and nucleic acids, are immobilized on a surface, and used to interact with one or more specific analytes to produce a physical or chemical change, which can be captured and converted to an optical or electrical signal by a transducer. However, many existing biosensing methods rely on chemical, electrochemical and optical methods of identification and detection of specific targets, and are often: complex, expensive, time consuming, suffer from a lack of portability, or may require centralised testing by qualified personnel. Given the general dependence of most optical and electrochemical techniques on labelling molecules, this review will instead focus on mechanical and electrical detection techniques that can provide information on a broad range of species without the requirement of labelling. These techniques are often able to provide data in real time, with good temporal sensitivity. This review will cover the advances in the development of mechanical and electrical biosensors, highlighting the challenges and opportunities therein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingshen Jing
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK;
| | - Sohini Kar-Narayan
- Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK;
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23
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Interdigitated aluminium and titanium sensors for assessing epithelial barrier functionality by electric cell-substrate impedance spectroscopy (ECIS). Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:30. [PMID: 32328801 PMCID: PMC7181462 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electric cell-substrate impedance spectroscopy (ECIS) enables non-invasive and continuous read-out of electrical parameters of living tissue. The aim of the current study was to investigate the performance of interdigitated sensors with 50 μm electrode width and 50 μm inter-electrode distance made of gold, aluminium, and titanium for monitoring the barrier properties of epithelial cells in tissue culture. At first, the measurement performance of the photolithographic fabricated sensors was characterized by defined reference electrolytes. The sensors were used to monitor the electrical properties of two adherent epithelial barrier tissue models: renal proximal tubular LLC-PK1 cells, representing a normal functional transporting epithelium, and human cervical cancer-derived HeLa cells, forming non-transporting cancerous epithelial tissue. Then, the impedance spectra obtained were analysed by numerically fitting the parameters of the two different models to the measured impedance spectrum. Aluminium sensors proved to be as sensitive and consistent in repeated online-recordings for continuous cell growth and differentiation monitoring as sensors made of gold, the standard electrode material. Titanium electrodes exhibited an elevated intrinsic ohmic resistance in comparison to gold reflecting its lower electric conductivity. Analysis of impedance spectra through applying models and numerical data fitting enabled the detailed investigation of the development and properties of a functional transporting epithelial tissue using either gold or aluminium sensors. The result of the data obtained, supports the consideration of aluminium and titanium sensor materials as potential alternatives to gold sensors for advanced application of ECIS spectroscopy.
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24
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Gheorghiu M, Stănică L, Ghinia Tegla MG, Polonschii C, Bratu D, Popescu O, Badea T, Gheorghiu E. Cellular sensing platform with enhanced sensitivity based on optogenetic modulation of cell homeostasis. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 154:112003. [PMID: 32056953 PMCID: PMC7685521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.112003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new biosensing concept with impact on the development of rapid, point of need cell based sensing with boosted sensitivity and wide relevance for bioanalysis. It involves optogenetic stimulation of cells stably transfected to express light sensitive protein channels for optical control of membrane potential and of ion homeostasis. Time-lapse impedance measurements are used to reveal cell dynamics changes encompassing cellular responses to bioactive stimuli and optically induced homeostasis disturbances. We prove that light driven perturbations of cell membrane potential induce homeostatic reactions and modulate transduction mechanisms that amplify cellular response to bioactive compounds. This allows cell based biosensors to respond more rapidly and sensitively to low concentrations of bioactive/toxic analytes: statistically relevant impedance changes are recorded in less than 30 min, in comparison with >8 h in the best alternative reported tests for the same low concentration (e.g. a concentration of 25 μM CdCl2, lower than the threshold concentration in classical cellular sensors). Comparative analysis of model bioactive/toxic compounds (ouabain and CdCl2) demonstrates that cellular reactivity can be boosted by light driven perturbations of cellular homeostasis and that this biosensing concept is able to discriminate analytes with different modes of action (i.e. CdCl2 toxicity versus ion pump inhibition by ouabain), a significant advance against state of the art cell based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Gheorghiu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, Intr. Portocalelor 1 B, 060101, Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 050095, Romania.
| | - Luciana Stănică
- International Centre of Biodynamics, Intr. Portocalelor 1 B, 060101, Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 050095, Romania
| | - Miruna G Ghinia Tegla
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Molecular Biology Center, Babes-Bolyai-University, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Retinal Circuit Development & Genetics Unit N-NRL/NEI/NIH 6 Center Drive Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, United States
| | - Cristina Polonschii
- International Centre of Biodynamics, Intr. Portocalelor 1 B, 060101, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Dumitru Bratu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, Intr. Portocalelor 1 B, 060101, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Octavian Popescu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Molecular Biology Center, Babes-Bolyai-University, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Institute of Biology, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tudor Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development & Genetics Unit N-NRL/NEI/NIH 6 Center Drive Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, United States.
| | - Eugen Gheorghiu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, Intr. Portocalelor 1 B, 060101, Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 050095, Romania.
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25
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Zhang H, Vreeken D, Junaid A, Wang G, Sol WMPJ, de Bruin RG, van Zonneveld AJ, van Gils JM. Endothelial Semaphorin 3F Maintains Endothelial Barrier Function and Inhibits Monocyte Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041471. [PMID: 32098168 PMCID: PMC7073048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In normal physiology, endothelial cells (ECs) form a vital barrier between the blood and underlying tissue controlling leukocyte diapedesis and vascular inflammation. Emerging data suggest that neuronal guidance cues, typically expressed during development, have roles outside the nervous system in vascular biology and immune responses. In particular, Class III semaphorins have been reported to affect EC migration and angiogenesis. While ECs express high levels of semaphorin 3F (SEMA3F), little is known about its function in mature ECs. Here we show that SEMA3F expression is reduced by inflammatory stimuli and increased by laminar flow. Endothelial cells exposed to laminar flow secrete SEMA3F, which subsequently binds to heparan sulfates on the surface of ECs. However, under pro-inflammatory conditions, reduced levels of SEMA3F make ECs more prone to monocyte diapedesis and display impaired barrier function as measured with an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system and a microfluidic system. In addition, we demonstrate that SEMA3F can directly inhibit the migration of activated monocytes. Taken together, our data suggest an important homeostatic function for EC-expressed SEMA3F, serving as a mediator of endothelial quiescence.
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26
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Morgan K, Gamal W, Samuel K, Morley SD, Hayes PC, Bagnaninchi P, Plevris JN. Application of Impedance-Based Techniques in Hepatology Research. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010050. [PMID: 31878354 PMCID: PMC7019217 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a variety of end-point assays and techniques available to monitor hepatic cell cultures and study toxicity within in vitro models. These commonly focus on one aspect of cell metabolism and are often destructive to cells. Impedance-based cellular assays (IBCAs) assess biological functions of cell populations in real-time by measuring electrical impedance, which is the resistance to alternating current caused by the dielectric properties of proliferating of cells. While the uses of IBCA have been widely reported for a number of tissues, specific uses in the study of hepatic cell cultures have not been reported to date. IBCA monitors cellular behaviour throughout experimentation non-invasively without labelling or damage to cell cultures. The data extrapolated from IBCA can be correlated to biological events happening within the cell and therefore may inform drug toxicity studies or other applications within hepatic research. Because tight junctions comprise the blood/biliary barrier in hepatocytes, there are major consequences when these junctions are disrupted, as many pathologies centre around the bile canaliculi and flow of bile out of the liver. The application of IBCA in hepatology provides a unique opportunity to assess cellular polarity and patency of tight junctions, vital to maintaining normal hepatic function. Here, we describe how IBCAs have been applied to measuring the effect of viral infection, drug toxicity /IC50, cholangiopathies, cancer metastasis and monitoring of the gut-liver axis. We also highlight key areas of research where IBCAs could be used in future applications within the field of hepatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Morgan
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Wesam Gamal
- James Nasmyth Building, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, Heriot-Watt University School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK;
| | - Kay Samuel
- The Jack Copland Centre, Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, 52 Research Avenue North, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK;
| | - Steven D. Morley
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
| | - Peter C. Hayes
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
| | - Pierre Bagnaninchi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK;
| | - John N. Plevris
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
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27
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A Review of Electrical Impedance Characterization of Cells for Label-Free and Real-Time Assays. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-019-3401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Gheorghiu M, Stanica L, Polonschii C, David S, Ruckenstein A, Popescu O, Badea T, Gheorghiu E. Modulation of Cellular Reactivity for Enhanced Cell-Based Biosensing. Anal Chem 2019; 92:806-814. [PMID: 31751507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based sensing platforms provide functional information on cellular effects of bioactive or toxic compounds in a sample. Current challenges concern the rather extended length of the assays as well as their limited reproducibility and sensitivity. We present a biosensing method capable of appraising, on a short time scale and with exquisite sensitivity, the occurrence and the magnitude of cellular alterations induced by low levels of a bioactive/toxic compound. Our method is based on integrating optogenetic control of non-electrogenic human cells, modified to express light sensitive protein channels, into a non-invasive electro-optical analytical platform enabling quantitative assessment of the stimulus dependent, dynamical cellular response. Our system exploits the interplay between optogenetic stimulation and time lapse fast impedance assays in boosting the platform sensitivity when exposing cells to a model exogenous stimulus, under both static and flow conditions. The proposed optogenetically modulated cell-based sensing platform is suitable for in field applications and provides a new paradigm for impedance-based sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Gheorghiu
- International Centre of Biodynamics , Intrarea Portocalelor 1 B , 060101 Bucharest , Romania.,Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , 91-95 Splaiul Independentei , Bucharest 050095 , Romania
| | - Luciana Stanica
- International Centre of Biodynamics , Intrarea Portocalelor 1 B , 060101 Bucharest , Romania.,Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , 91-95 Splaiul Independentei , Bucharest 050095 , Romania
| | - Cristina Polonschii
- International Centre of Biodynamics , Intrarea Portocalelor 1 B , 060101 Bucharest , Romania
| | - Sorin David
- International Centre of Biodynamics , Intrarea Portocalelor 1 B , 060101 Bucharest , Romania
| | - Andrei Ruckenstein
- Department of Physics , Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Octavian Popescu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Molecular Biology Center , Babes-Bolyai-University , 400084 Cluj-Napoca , Romania.,Institute of Biology Bucharest , Romanian Academy , 296 Splaiul Independentei , 060031 Bucharest , Romania
| | - Tudor Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development & Genetics Unit , Neurobiology Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health (N-NRL/NEI/NIH) , 6 Center Drive , Bethesda 20892 , Maryland , United States
| | - Eugen Gheorghiu
- International Centre of Biodynamics , Intrarea Portocalelor 1 B , 060101 Bucharest , Romania.,Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , 91-95 Splaiul Independentei , Bucharest 050095 , Romania
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29
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Abstract
Cancer drug resistance mechanisms such as tumor heterogeneity and adaptable feedback loops are prevalent issues facing cancer therapy development. Drug resistance can be unique to a cancer type and, most importantly, to each individual cancer patient. Consequently, testing different dosages and therapeutics directly on each individual patient sample (i.e., tumor and cancer cells) has compelling advantages compared to large scale in vitro drug testing and is a step toward personalized drug selection and effective treatment development. Recently, microfluidic-based chemo-sensitivity assays on patient biopsies have been proposed. Despite their novelty, these platforms usually rely on optical labels, optical equipment, or complex microfabricated channel geometries and structures. In this work, we proposed a novel lab on a chip platform capable of real-time and continuous screening of drug efficacy on (cancer) cell subpopulations without the need of labels or bulky readout optical equipment. In this platform, several label-free and rapid techniques have been implemented for the precise capturing of cells of interest in parallel with the real-time measurement and characterization of the effectiveness of candidate therapeutic agents. To demonstrate the utility of the platform, the effect of an apoptotic inducer, topoisomerase I inhibitor, 7-ethyl-10-hydrocamptothecin (SN38) on human colorectal carcinoma cancer cells (HCT 116) was used as a study model. Additionally, electrical results were optically verified to examine the continuous measurements of the biological mechanisms, specifically, apoptosis and necrosis, during therapeutic agent characterizations. The proposed device is a versatile platform which can also be easily redesigned for the automated and arrayed analysis of cell-drug interaction down to the single cell level. Our platform is another step toward enabling the personalized screening of drug efficacy on individual patients' samples that potentially leads to a better understanding of drug resistance and the optimization of patients' treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Velasco
- Biochemistry Department , Stanford University , Palo Alto , California 94305 , United States
| | - Kushal Joshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of California Irvine , Irvine , California 92617 , United States
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology , Stanford University School of Medicine , Palo Alto , California 94305 , United States
| | - Rahim Esfandyarpour
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Irvine , Irvine , California 92617 , United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of California Irvine , Irvine , California 92617 , United States.,Henry Samueli School of Engineering , University of California Irvine , Irvine , California 92617 , United States
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30
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Senevirathna B, Lu S, Dandin M, Basile J, Smela E, Abshire P. High resolution monitoring of chemotherapeutic agent potency in cancer cells using a CMOS capacitance biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 142:111501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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31
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Dan Q, Shi Y, Rabani R, Venugopal S, Xiao J, Anwer S, Ding M, Speight P, Pan W, Alexander RT, Kapus A, Szászi K. Claudin-2 suppresses GEF-H1, RHOA, and MRTF, thereby impacting proliferation and profibrotic phenotype of tubular cells. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15446-15465. [PMID: 31481470 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight junctional pore-forming protein claudin-2 (CLDN-2) mediates paracellular Na+ and water transport in leaky epithelia and alters cancer cell proliferation. Previously, we reported that tumor necrosis factor-α time-dependently alters CLDN-2 expression in tubular epithelial cells. Here, we found a similar expression pattern in a mouse kidney injury model (unilateral ureteral obstruction), consisting of an initial increase followed by a drop in CLDN-2 protein expression. CLDN-2 silencing in LLC-PK1 tubular cells induced activation and phosphorylation of guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1 (GEF-H1), leading to Ras homolog family member A (RHOA) activation. Silencing of other claudins had no such effects, and re-expression of an siRNA-resistant CLDN-2 prevented RHOA activation, indicating specific effects of CLDN-2 on RHOA. Moreover, kidneys from CLDN-2 knockout mice had elevated levels of active RHOA. Of note, CLDN-2 silencing reduced LLC-PK1 cell proliferation and elevated expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P27 (P27KIP1) in a GEF-H1/RHOA-dependent manner. P27KIP1 silencing abrogated the effects of CLDN-2 depletion on proliferation. CLDN-2 loss also activated myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF), a fibrogenic RHOA effector, and elevated expression of connective tissue growth factor and smooth muscle actin. Finally, CLDN-2 down-regulation contributed to RHOA activation and smooth muscle actin expression induced by prolonged tumor necrosis factor-α treatment, because they were mitigated by re-expression of CLDN-2. Our results indicate that CLDN-2 suppresses GEF-H1/RHOA. CLDN-2 down-regulation, for example, by inflammation, can reduce proliferation and promote MRTF activation through RHOA. These findings suggest that the initial CLDN-2 elevation might aid epithelial regeneration, and CLDN-2 loss could contribute to fibrotic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Dan
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Yixuan Shi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Razieh Rabani
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Shruthi Venugopal
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Jenny Xiao
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Shaista Anwer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Mei Ding
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Pam Speight
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Wanling Pan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - R Todd Alexander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - András Kapus
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Katalin Szászi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada .,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
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32
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Kim H, Kim MK, Jang H, Kim B, Kim DR, Lee CH. Sensor-Instrumented Scaffold Integrated with Microporous Spongelike Ultrabuoy for Long-Term 3D Mapping of Cellular Behaviors and Functions. ACS NANO 2019; 13:7898-7904. [PMID: 31244034 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of cellular behaviors and functions with sensor-instrumented scaffolds can provide a profound impact on fundamental studies of the underlying biophysics and disease modeling. Although quantitative measurement of predictive data for in vivo tests and physiologically relevant information in these contexts is important, the long-term reliable monitoring of cellular functions in three-dimensional (3D) environments is limited by the required set under wet cell culture conditions that are unfavorable to electronic instrument settings. Here, we introduce an ultrabuoyant 3D instrumented scaffold that can remain afloat on the surface of culture medium and thereby provides favorable environments for the entire electronic components in the air while the cells reside and grow underneath. This setting enables high-fidelity recording of electrical cell-substrate impedance and electrophysiological signals for a long period of time (weeks). Comprehensive in vitro studies reveal the utility of this platform as an effective tool for drug screening and tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjun Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering , Purdue University , 206 South Martin Jischke Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Min Ku Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering , Purdue University , 206 South Martin Jischke Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Hanmin Jang
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Republic of Korea
| | - Bongjoong Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Purdue University , 610 Purdue Mall , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Dong Rip Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hwan Lee
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering , Purdue University , 206 South Martin Jischke Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Purdue University , 610 Purdue Mall , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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33
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Young AT, Rivera KR, Erb PD, Daniele MA. Monitoring of Microphysiological Systems: Integrating Sensors and Real-Time Data Analysis toward Autonomous Decision-Making. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1454-1464. [PMID: 30964652 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems replicate human organ function and are promising technologies for discovery of translatable biomarkers, pharmaceuticals, and regenerative therapies. Because microphysiological systems require complex microscale anatomical structures and heterogeneous cell populations, a major challenge remains to manufacture and operate these products with reproducible and standardized function. In this Perspective, three stages of microphysiological system monitoring, including process, development, and function, are assessed. The unique features and remaining technical challenges for the required sensors are discussed. Monitoring of microphysiological systems requires nondestructive, continuous biosensors and imaging techniques. With such tools, the extent of cellular and tissue development, as well as function, can be autonomously determined and optimized by correlating physical and chemical sensor outputs with markers of physiological performance. Ultimately, data fusion and analyses across process, development, and function monitors can be implemented to adopt microphysiological systems for broad research and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn T. Young
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kristina R. Rivera
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Patrick D. Erb
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Michael A. Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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34
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Nabovati G, Ghafar-Zadeh E, Letourneau A, Sawan M. Smart Cell Culture Monitoring and Drug Test Platform Using CMOS Capacitive Sensor Array. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:1094-1104. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2866830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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An Y, Jin T, Zhang F, He P. Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) for profiling cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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36
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Zhou W, Graham K, Lucendo-Villarin B, Flint O, Hay DC, Bagnaninchi P. Combining stem cell-derived hepatocytes with impedance sensing to better predict human drug toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 15:77-83. [PMID: 30572740 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1558208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: The liver plays a central role in human drug metabolism. To model drug metabolism, the major cell type of the liver, the hepatocyte, is commonly used. Hepatocytes can be derived from human and animal sources, including pluripotent stem cells. Cell-based models have shown promise in modeling human drug exposure. The assays used in those studies are normally 'snap-shot' in nature, and do not provide the complete picture of human drug exposure. Research design and methods: In this study, we employ stem cell-derived hepatocytes and impedance sensing to model human drug toxicity. This impedance-based stem cell assay reports hepatotoxicity in real time after treatment with compounds provided by industry. Results: Using electric cell-substrate impedance Sensing (ECIS), we were able to accurately measure drug toxicity post-drug exposure in real time and more quickly than gold standard biochemical assays. Conclusions: ECIS is robust and non-destructive methodology capable of monitoring human drug exposure with superior performance to current gold standard 'snapshot' assays. We believe that the methodology presented within this article could prove valuable in the quest to better predict off-target effects of drugs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhou
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Changzheng Hospital, Navy medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Karen Graham
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Baltasar Lucendo-Villarin
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Oliver Flint
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - David C Hay
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Pierre Bagnaninchi
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
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37
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Giana FE, Bonetto FJ, Bellotti MI. Assay based on electrical impedance spectroscopy to discriminate between normal and cancerous mammalian cells. Phys Rev E 2018; 97:032410. [PMID: 29776129 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.97.032410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work we present an assay to discriminate between normal and cancerous cells. The method is based on the measurement of electrical impedance spectra of in vitro cell cultures. We developed a protocol consisting on four consecutive measurement phases, each of them designed to obtain different information about the cell cultures. Through the analysis of the measured data, 26 characteristic features were obtained for both cell types. From the complete set of features, we selected the most relevant in terms of their discriminant capacity by means of conventional statistical tests. A linear discriminant analysis was then carried out on the selected features, allowing the classification of the samples in normal or cancerous with 4.5% of false positives and no false negatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Eduardo Giana
- Laboratorio de Cavitación y Biotecnología, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Río Negro, R8402AGP, Argentina.,Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo/Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Bariloche, Río Negro, R8402AGP, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - Fabián José Bonetto
- Laboratorio de Cavitación y Biotecnología, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Río Negro, R8402AGP, Argentina.,Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo/Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Bariloche, Río Negro, R8402AGP, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - Mariela Inés Bellotti
- Laboratorio de Cavitación y Biotecnología, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Río Negro, R8402AGP, Argentina
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38
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Nikshoar MS, Khosravi S, Jahangiri M, Zandi A, Miripour ZS, Bonakdar S, Abdolahad M. Distinguishment of populated metastatic cancer cells from primary ones based on their invasion to endothelial barrier by biosensor arrays fabricated on nanoroughened poly(methyl methacrylate). Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 118:51-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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39
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Vang Mouritzen M, Jenssen H. Optimized Scratch Assay for In Vitro Testing of Cell Migration with an Automated Optical Camera. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30148500 DOI: 10.3791/57691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is an important process that influences many aspects of health, such as wound healing and cancer, and it is, therefore, crucial for developing methods to study the migration. The scratch assay has long been the most common in vitro method to test compounds with anti- and pro-migration properties because of its low cost and simple procedure. However, an often-reported problem of the assay is the accumulation of cells across the edge of the scratch. Furthermore, to obtain data from the assay, images of different exposures must be taken over a period of time at the exact same spot to compare the movements of the migration. Different analysis programs can be used to describe the scratch closure, but they are labor intensive, inaccurate, and forces cycles of temperature changes. In this study, we demonstrate an optimized method for testing the migration effect, e.g. with the naturally occurring proteins Human- and Bovine-Lactoferrin and their N-terminal peptide Lactoferricin on the epithelial cell line HaCaT. A crucial optimization is to wash and scratch in PBS, which eliminates the aforementioned accumulation of cells along the edge. This could be explained by the removal of cations, which have been shown to have an effect on keratinocyte cell-cell connection. To ensure true detection of migration, pre-treating with mitomycin C, a DNA synthesis inhibitor, was added to the protocol. Finally, we demonstrate the automated optical camera, which eliminates excessive temperature cycles, manual labor with scratch closure analysis, while improving on reproducibility and ensuring analysis of identical sections of the scratch over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University;
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40
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Ediriweera MK, Tennekoon KH, Samarakoon SR. In vitro assays and techniques utilized in anticancer drug discovery. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:38-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meran Keshawa Ediriweera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; University of Colombo; Colombo 03 Sri Lanka
| | - Kamani Hemamala Tennekoon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; University of Colombo; Colombo 03 Sri Lanka
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41
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Zhang F, Jin T, Hu Q, He P. Distinguishing skin cancer cells and normal cells using electrical impedance spectroscopy. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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42
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Saxena M, Balaji SA, Deshpande N, Ranganathan S, Pillai DM, Hindupur SK, Rangarajan A. AMP-activated protein kinase promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells through Twist1 upregulation. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.208314. [PMID: 29950484 PMCID: PMC6080604 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.208314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental programme of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), involving loss of epithelial and acquisition of mesenchymal properties, plays an important role in the invasion-metastasis cascade of cancer cells. In the present study, we show that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) using A769662 led to a concomitant induction of EMT in multiple cancer cell types, as observed by enhanced expression of mesenchymal markers, decrease in epithelial markers, and increase in migration and invasion. In contrast, inhibition or depletion of AMPK led to a reversal of EMT. Importantly, AMPK activity was found to be necessary for the induction of EMT by physiological cues such as hypoxia and TGFβ treatment. Furthermore, AMPK activation increased the expression and nuclear localization of Twist1, an EMT transcription factor. Depletion of Twist1 impaired AMPK-induced EMT phenotypes, suggesting that AMPK might mediate its effects on EMT, at least in part, through Twist1 upregulation. Inhibition or depletion of AMPK also attenuated metastasis. Thus, our data underscore a central role for AMPK in the induction of EMT and in metastasis, suggesting that strategies targeting AMPK might provide novel approaches to curb cancer spread. Highlighted Article: Pharmacological and physiological activation of AMPK promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells through Twist1 upregulation and its increased nuclear localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Saxena
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Sai A Balaji
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Neha Deshpande
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Santhalakshmi Ranganathan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Mohan Pillai
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Sravanth Kumar Hindupur
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Annapoorni Rangarajan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
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43
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Lewis DM, Mavrogiannis N, Gagnon Z, Gerecht S. Microfluidic platform for the real time measurement and observation of endothelial barrier function under shear stress. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:042202. [PMID: 29861813 PMCID: PMC5953754 DOI: 10.1063/1.5026901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is a quickly advancing field to measure the barrier function of endothelial cells. Most ECIS systems that are commercially available use gold electrodes, which are opaque and do not allow for real-time imaging of cellular responses. In addition, most ECIS systems have a traditional tissue culture Petri-dish set up. This conventional set-up does not allow the introduction of physiologically relevant shear stress, which is crucial for the endothelial cell barrier function. Here, we created a new ECIS micro-bioreactor (MBR) that incorporates a clear electrode made of indium tin oxide in a microfluidic device. Using this device, we demonstrate the ability to monitor the barrier function along culture of cells under varying flow rates. We show that while two cell types align in the direction of flow in responses to high shear stress, they differ in the barrier function. Additionally, we observe a change in the barrier function in response to chemical perturbation. Following exposure to EDTA that disrupts cell-to-cell junctions, we could not observe distinct morphological changes but measured a loss of impedance that could be recovered with EDTA washout. High magnification imaging further demonstrates the loss and recovery of the barrier structure. Overall, we establish an ECIS MBR capable of real-time monitoring of the barrier function and cell morphology under shear stress and allowing high-resolution analysis of the barrier structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas Mavrogiannis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Zachary Gagnon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: . Tel.: +1-410-516-2846. Fax: +1-410-516-5510
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Martinez J, Montalibet A, McAdams E, Faivre M, Ferrigno R. Effect of electrode material on the sensitivity of interdigitated electrodes used for Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing technology. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2017:813-816. [PMID: 29059996 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8036948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the effect of the electrode material on the sensitivity of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) used in Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) technology. This technique is a label-free method to evaluate cellular activity of adherent cells. IDEs of gold (Au), indium tin oxide (ITO) and ITO functionalized with iridium oxide (IrOx) were characterized with impedance spectroscopy and their interfacial impedances were evaluated in potassium chloride (KCl) solutions. In parallel, ECIS measurements were performed on these three electrode materials during the proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. The results indicate that the difference in sensitivity to MCF-7 of the three materials might be strongly correlated to their interfacial impedances. We found that ITO electrodes coated with IrOx show slightly higher sensitivity to MCF-7 breast cancer cells while still offering transparency compared to gold, which is considered the conventional material in ECIS devices.
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45
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Xie L, Zhang L, Wang C, Wang X, Xu YM, Yu H, Wu P, Li S, Han L, Gunatilaka AAL, Wei X, Lin M, Molnár I, Xu Y. Methylglucosylation of aromatic amino and phenolic moieties of drug-like biosynthons by combinatorial biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E4980-E4989. [PMID: 29760061 PMCID: PMC5984488 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716046115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a prominent strategy to optimize the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drug-like small-molecule scaffolds by modulating their solubility, stability, bioavailability, and bioactivity. Glycosyltransferases applicable for "sugarcoating" various small-molecule acceptors have been isolated and characterized from plants and bacteria, but remained cryptic from filamentous fungi until recently, despite the frequent use of some fungi for whole-cell biocatalytic glycosylations. Here, we use bioinformatic and genomic tools combined with heterologous expression to identify a glycosyltransferase-methyltransferase (GT-MT) gene pair that encodes a methylglucosylation functional module in the ascomycetous fungus Beauveria bassiana The GT is the founding member of a family nonorthologous to characterized fungal enzymes. Using combinatorial biosynthetic and biocatalytic platforms, we reveal that this GT is a promiscuous enzyme that efficiently modifies a broad range of drug-like substrates, including polyketides, anthraquinones, flavonoids, and naphthalenes. It yields both O- and N-glucosides with remarkable regio- and stereospecificity, a spectrum not demonstrated for other characterized fungal enzymes. These glucosides are faithfully processed by the dedicated MT to afford 4-O-methylglucosides. The resulting "unnatural products" show increased solubility, while representative polyketide methylglucosides also display increased stability against glycoside hydrolysis. Upon methylglucosidation, specific polyketides were found to attain cancer cell line-specific antiproliferative or matrix attachment inhibitory activities. These findings will guide genome mining for fungal GTs with novel substrate and product specificities, and empower the efficient combinatorial biosynthesis of a broad range of natural and unnatural glycosides in total biosynthetic or biocatalytic formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Xie
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85706
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85706
| | - Ya-Ming Xu
- Natural Products Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85706
| | - Hefen Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenglan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lida Han
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China;
| | - István Molnár
- Natural Products Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85706;
| | - Yuquan Xu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China;
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Wang X, Liu A, Xing Y, Duan H, Xu W, Zhou Q, Wu H, Chen C, Chen B. Three-dimensional graphene biointerface with extremely high sensitivity to single cancer cell monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 105:22-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tang S, Shen H, Hao Y, Huang Z, Tao Y, Peng Y, Guo Y, Xie G, Feng W. A novel cytosensor based on Pt@Ag nanoflowers and AuNPs/Acetylene black for ultrasensitive and highly specific detection of Circulating Tumor Cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 104:72-78. [PMID: 29324284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), as the cellular origin of metastasis, are cancer cells that break away from a primary tumor and circulate in the peripheral blood. And they provide a wealth of information about tumor phenotype. Here, this work reported a novel ultrasensitive immunoassay protocol for the detection of CTCs by using Pt@Ag nanoflowers (Pt@AgNFs) and AuNPs/Acetylene black (AuNPs/AB) nanomaterial. In the established approach, AuNPs/AB nanomaterial was used as substrate material to increase the specific surface area and enhance the conductivity of the gold electrode. Protein G was used for oriented immobilization of capture antibody, which strongly improved the capture efficiency of MCF-7 cells. The innovatively synthesized Pt@AgNFs by our group with high specific surface area and good biocompatibility were not only as the carriers of signal antibodies (Ab2) but also catalyzed the reduction of H2O2, which effectually amplified the current signal. A linear relationship between current signals and the concentrations of CTCs was obtained in the range from 20 to 1×106 cells mL-1 and the detection limit is as low as 3 cells mL-1 on condition of acceptable stability and reproducibility. Furthermore, the as-proposed cytosensor showed excellent performance in the detection of CTCs in human blood samples. These results suggest that the proposed cytosensor will be a promising application for accurately quantitative detection of CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Huawei Shen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400021, PR China
| | - Yixiong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhenglan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yiyi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yongcan Guo
- Clinical Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Guoming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Wenli Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics of Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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48
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Mansor AFM, Ibrahim I, Zainuddin AA, Voiculescu I, Nordin AN. Modeling and development of screen-printed impedance biosensor for cytotoxicity studies of lung carcinoma cells. Med Biol Eng Comput 2017; 56:173-181. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-017-1756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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RGD peptide doped polypyrrole film as a biomimetic electrode coating for impedimetric sensing of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. J Appl Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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50
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Stanica L, Gheorghiu M, Stan M, Polonschii C, David S, Bratu D, Dinischiotu A, Supuran CT, Gheorghiu E. Quantitative assessment of specific carbonic anhydrase inhibitors effect on hypoxic cells using electrical impedance assays. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:1079-1090. [PMID: 28783982 PMCID: PMC6010035 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1355306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is an important orchestrator of hypoxic tumour environment, associated with tumour progression, high incidence of metastasis and poor response to therapy. Due to its tumour specificity and involvement in associated pathological processes: tumourigenesis, angiogenesis, inhibiting CA IX enzymatic activity has become a valid therapeutic option. Dynamic cell-based biosensing platforms can complement cell-free and end-point analyses and supports the process of design and selection of potent and selective inhibitors. In this context, we assess the effectiveness of recently emerged CA IX inhibitors (sulphonamides and sulphocoumarins) and their antitumour potential using an electrical impedance spectroscopy biosensing platform. The analysis allows discriminating between the inhibitory capacities of the compounds and their inhibition mechanisms. Microscopy and biochemical assays complemented the analysis and validated impedance findings establishing a powerful biosensing tool for the evaluation of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors potency, effective for the screening and design of anticancer pharmacological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Stanica
- a International Centre of Biodynamics , Bucharest , Romania.,b Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | | | - Miruna Stan
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | | | - Sorin David
- a International Centre of Biodynamics , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Dumitru Bratu
- a International Centre of Biodynamics , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- d Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze) , Italy
| | - Eugen Gheorghiu
- a International Centre of Biodynamics , Bucharest , Romania.,b Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
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