1
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Ma S, Yang H, Liu Y, Wu X. Quality Evaluation of Tripterygium Glycoside Tablets Based on Quantitative Band-Selective 2D 1H- 13C HSQC and 1H NMR Fingerprinting. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:27321-27328. [PMID: 38947815 PMCID: PMC11209881 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Tripterygium glycoside tablets (TGTs) are preparations extracted and purified from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F and are extensively utilized in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, variations in production processes among manufacturers can lead to challenges in quality control and clinical utilization of TGTs. A band-selective 2D 1H-13C HSQC quantification method was applied for the determination of 13 active ingredients in TGTs. This method was validated following the guidelines of USP-NF 2022. The results demonstrated that the quantitative method exhibited excellent signal resolution, as well as sufficient accuracy, sensitivity, and stability. In addition, the 1H NMR spectra of TGTs from three manufacturers underwent analysis using principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. The results revealed significant differences among the TGTs from the three manufacturers, with manufacturer 2 and manufacturer 3 demonstrating superior product consistency compared to manufacturer 1. A quality evaluation system for TGTs was developed based on band-selective 2D 1H-13C HSQC and 1H NMR, encompassing both quality markers and fingerprinting. This system offers reliable approaches and insights for enhancing the quality control of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Chen
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
- National
Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, P.R. China
| | - Yadan Wang
- National
Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- National
Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, P.R. China
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- National
Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Yang
- National
Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Xianfu Wu
- National
Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, P.R. China
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2
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Galindo-Luján R, Pont L, Quispe F, Sanz-Nebot V, Benavente F. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Combined with Chemometrics for Protein Profiling and Classification of Boiled and Extruded Quinoa from Conventional and Organic Crops. Foods 2024; 13:1906. [PMID: 38928847 PMCID: PMC11203106 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Quinoa is an Andean crop that stands out as a high-quality protein-rich and gluten-free food. However, its increasing popularity exposes quinoa products to the potential risk of adulteration with cheaper cereals. Consequently, there is a need for novel methodologies to accurately characterize the composition of quinoa, which is influenced not only by the variety type but also by the farming and processing conditions. In this study, we present a rapid and straightforward method based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to generate global fingerprints of quinoa proteins from white quinoa varieties, which were cultivated under conventional and organic farming and processed through boiling and extrusion. The mass spectra of the different protein extracts were processed using the MALDIquant software (version 1.19.3), detecting 49 proteins (with 31 tentatively identified). Intensity values from these proteins were then considered protein fingerprints for multivariate data analysis. Our results revealed reliable partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) classification models for distinguishing between farming and processing conditions, and the detected proteins that were critical for differentiation. They confirm the effectiveness of tracing the agricultural origins and technological treatments of quinoa grains through protein fingerprinting by MALDI-TOF-MS and chemometrics. This untargeted approach offers promising applications in food control and the food-processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Galindo-Luján
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.-L.); (L.P.); (V.S.-N.)
| | - Laura Pont
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.-L.); (L.P.); (V.S.-N.)
- Serra Húnter Program, Generalitat de Catalunya, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fredy Quispe
- National Institute of Agricultural Innovation (INIA), Lima 15024, Peru;
| | - Victoria Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.-L.); (L.P.); (V.S.-N.)
| | - Fernando Benavente
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA·UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.-L.); (L.P.); (V.S.-N.)
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3
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Vega-Castellote M, Sánchez MT, Torres-Rodríguez I, Entrenas JA, Pérez-Marín D. NIR Sensing Technologies for the Detection of Fraud in Nuts and Nut Products: A Review. Foods 2024; 13:1612. [PMID: 38890841 PMCID: PMC11172355 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Food fraud is a major threat to the integrity of the nut supply chain. Strategies using a wide range of analytical techniques have been developed over the past few years to detect fraud and to assure the quality, safety, and authenticity of nut products. However, most of these techniques present the limitations of being slow and destructive and entailing a high cost per analysis. Nevertheless, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and NIR imaging techniques represent a suitable non-destructive alternative to prevent fraud in the nut industry with the advantages of a high throughput and low cost per analysis. This review collects and includes all major findings of all of the published studies focused on the application of NIR spectroscopy and NIR imaging technologies to detect fraud in the nut supply chain from 2018 onwards. The results suggest that NIR spectroscopy and NIR imaging are suitable technologies to detect the main types of fraud in nuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Vega-Castellote
- Department of Bromatology and Food Technology, University of Cordoba, Rabanales Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - María-Teresa Sánchez
- Department of Bromatology and Food Technology, University of Cordoba, Rabanales Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Irina Torres-Rodríguez
- Department of Animal Production, University of Cordoba, Rabanales Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (I.T.-R.); (J.-A.E.)
| | - José-Antonio Entrenas
- Department of Animal Production, University of Cordoba, Rabanales Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (I.T.-R.); (J.-A.E.)
| | - Dolores Pérez-Marín
- Department of Animal Production, University of Cordoba, Rabanales Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (I.T.-R.); (J.-A.E.)
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4
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Viriyakitpattana N, Rattanabut C, Lertvachirapaiboon C, Pimalai D, Bamrungsap S. Layer-by-Layer Biopolymer Assembly for the In Situ Fabrication of AuNP Plasmonic Paper-A SERS Substrate for Food Adulteration Detection. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10099-10109. [PMID: 38463332 PMCID: PMC10918676 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Here, we introduce an environmentally friendly approach to fabricate a simple and cost-effective plasmonic paper for detecting food additives using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The plasmonic paper is fabricated by in situ growth of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on filter paper (FP). To facilitate this green fabrication process, we applied a double-layered coating of biopolymers, chitosan (CS) and alginate (ALG), onto the FP using a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly through electrostatic interactions. Compared to single-layer biopolymer coatings, double-layered biopolymer-coated paper, ALG/CS/FP, significantly improves the reduction properties. Consequently, effective in situ growth of AuNPs can be achieved as seen in high density of AuNP formation on the substrate. The resulting plasmonic paper provides high SERS performance with an enhancement factor (EF) of 5.7 × 1010 and a low limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1.37 × 10-12 M 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA). Furthermore, it exhibits spot-to-spot reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 8.2% for SERS analysis and long-term stability over 50 days. This paper-based SERS substrate is applied for melamine (MEL) detection with a low detection limit of 0.2 ppb, which is sufficient for monitoring MEL contamination in milk based on food regulations. Additionally, we demonstrate a simultaneous detection of β-agonists, including ractopamine (RAC) and salbutamol (SAL), exhibiting the multiplexing capability and versatility of the plasmonic paper in food contaminant analysis. The development of this simple plasmonic paper through the LbL biopolymer assembly not only paves the way for novel SERS substrate fabrication but also broadens the application of SERS technology in food contaminant monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nopparat Viriyakitpattana
- National
Nanotechnology Center, National Science
and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Thai
Packaging Centre, Thailand Institute of
Scientific and Technological Research, Phahonyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chanoknan Rattanabut
- National
Nanotechnology Center, National Science
and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chutiparn Lertvachirapaiboon
- National
Nanotechnology Center, National Science
and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Dechnarong Pimalai
- National
Nanotechnology Center, National Science
and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Suwussa Bamrungsap
- National
Nanotechnology Center, National Science
and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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5
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Wang H, Yin W, Ma H, He X, Yin G, Huang W. Benzophenoxazine-based colorimetric and fluorescent probe for highly sensitive detection of amines and food freshness. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123004. [PMID: 37348275 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we reported a chromogenic and near infrared (NIR) region fluorogenic dual-channel probe NRB, which could visually detect gaseous amines with high sensitivity (eg. 50 and 17 ppt for methylamine (MeNH2) via naked eyes and fluorescence spectrometer respectively). It exhibited a wide fluorescent emission band extending to the NIR region with a peak at 615 nm when stimulated by the MeNH2 solution. The plausible sensing mechanism was proved by mass spectrometry, where the reaction process was based on a nucleophilic substitution between the probe and amines rather than the ester group hydrolysis. Furthermore, NRB was successfully applied to monitor the food freshness (seafood and meat food), because of its low cytotoxicity and excellent photophysical properties. It was worth mentioning that real time monitoring for food quality can be realized visually by using a 365 nm UV lamp. In addition, the probe was stable during the quality guarantee period for perishable packaged food. It was believed that the applied experiments have demonstrated the value of this probe in the practical applications for food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wenzhu Yin
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, PR China
| | - Gui Yin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, PR China.
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6
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Cebi N, Bekiroglu H, Erarslan A. Nondestructive Metabolomic Fingerprinting: FTIR, NIR and Raman Spectroscopy in Food Screening. Molecules 2023; 28:7933. [PMID: 38067662 PMCID: PMC10707828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been renewed interest in the maintenance of food quality and food safety on the basis of metabolomic fingerprinting using vibrational spectroscopy combined with multivariate chemometrics. Nontargeted spectroscopy techniques such as FTIR, NIR and Raman can provide fingerprint information for metabolomic constituents in agricultural products, natural products and foods in a high-throughput, cost-effective and rapid way. In the current review, we tried to explain the capabilities of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy techniques combined with multivariate analysis for metabolic fingerprinting and profiling. Previous contributions highlighted the considerable potential of these analytical techniques for the detection and quantification of key constituents, such as aromatic amino acids, peptides, aromatic acids, carotenoids, alcohols, terpenoids and flavonoids in the food matrices. Additionally, promising results were obtained for the identification and characterization of different microorganism species such as fungus, bacterial strains and yeasts using these techniques combined with supervised and unsupervised pattern recognition techniques. In conclusion, this review summarized the cutting-edge applications of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy techniques equipped with multivariate statistics for food analysis and foodomics in the context of metabolomic fingerprinting and profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Cebi
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Hatice Bekiroglu
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sirnak University, 73300 Sirnak, Turkey
| | - Azime Erarslan
- Bioengineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey;
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7
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Hamilton AN, Gibson KE, Amalaradjou MA, Callahan CW, Millner PD, Ilic S, Lewis Ivey ML, Shaw AM. Cultivating Food Safety Together: Insights About the Future of Produce Safety in the U.S. Controlled Environment Agriculture Sector. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100190. [PMID: 37926289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlled environment agriculture (CEA) is a rapidly growing sector that presents unique challenges and opportunities in ensuring food safety. This manuscript highlights critical gaps and needs to promote food safety in CEA systems as identified by stakeholders (n=47) at the Strategizing to Advance Future Extension andResearch (S.A.F.E.R.) CEA conference held in April 2023 at The Ohio State University's Ohio CEA Research Center. Feedback collected at the conference was analyzed using an emergent thematic analysis approach to determine key areas of focus. Research-based guidance is specific to the type of commodity, production system type, and size. Themes include the need for improved supply chain control, cleaning, and sanitization practices, pathogen preventive controls and mitigation methods and training and education. Discussions surrounding supply chain control underscored the significance of the need for approaches to mitigate foodborne pathogen contamination. Effective cleaning and sanitization practices are vital to maintaining a safe production environment, with considerations such as establishing standard operating procedures, accounting for hygienic equipment design, and managing the microbial communities within the system. Data analysis further highlights the need for risk assessments, validated pathogen detection methods, and evidence-based guidance in microbial reduction. In addition, training and education were identified as crucial in promoting a culture of food safety within CEA. The development of partnerships between industry, regulatory, and research institutions are needed to advance data-driven guidance and practices across the diverse range of CEA operations and deemed essential for addressing challenges and advancing food safety practices in CEA. Considering these factors, the CEA industry can enhance food safety practices, foster consumer trust, and support its long-term sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson N Hamilton
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, 1371 West Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Kristen E Gibson
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, 1371 West Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Mary Anne Amalaradjou
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, George White Bldg, Room 212 B, Storrs, CT 06169 USA
| | - Christopher W Callahan
- UVM Extension, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Vermont, PO Box 559, Bennington VT 05201, USA
| | - Patricia D Millner
- Environmental Microbial & Food Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Avenue Building 001 BARC-West, Room 140, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Sanja Ilic
- Human Nutrition, Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Melanie L Lewis Ivey
- Department of Plant Pathology College of Food, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Angela M Shaw
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 42141, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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8
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Kolobaric A, Orrell-Trigg R, Orloff S, Fraser V, Chapman J, Cozzolino D. The Use of a Droplet Collar Accessory Attached to a Portable near Infrared Instrument to Identify Methanol Contamination in Whisky. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8969. [PMID: 37960668 PMCID: PMC10647224 DOI: 10.3390/s23218969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of a droplet collar accessory attached to a portable near-infrared (NIR) instrument to characterize the artificial contamination of methanol in commercial whisky samples. Unadulterated samples (n = 12) were purchased from local bottle shops where adulterated samples were created by adding methanol (99% pure methanol) at six levels (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% v/v) to the commercial whisky samples (controls). Samples were analyzed using a drop collar accessory attached to a MicroNIR Onsite instrument (900-1650 nm). Partial least squares (PLS) cross-validation statistics obtained for the prediction of all levels of methanol (from 0 to 5%) addition were considered adequate when the whole adulteration range was used, coefficient of determination in cross-validation (R2cv: 0.95) and standard error in cross of validation (SECV: 0.35% v/v). The cross-validation statistics were R2cv: 0.97, SECV: 0.28% v/v after the 0.5% and 1% v/v methanol addition was removed. These results showed the ability of using a new sample presentation attachment to a portable NIR instrument to analyze the adulteration of whisky with methanol. However, the low levels of methanol adulteration (0.5 and 1%) were not well predicted using the NIR method evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kolobaric
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (R.O.-T.); (S.O.); (V.F.)
| | - Rebecca Orrell-Trigg
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (R.O.-T.); (S.O.); (V.F.)
| | - Seth Orloff
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (R.O.-T.); (S.O.); (V.F.)
| | - Vanessa Fraser
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia; (A.K.); (R.O.-T.); (S.O.); (V.F.)
| | - James Chapman
- Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia;
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation(QAAFI), University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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9
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Nguyen-Quang T, Bui-Quang M, Pham-Van T, Le-Van N, Nguyen-Hoang K, Nguyen-Minh D, Phung-Thi T, Le-Viet A, Tran-Ha Minh D, Nguyen-Tien D, Hoang-Le TA, Truong-Ngoc M. Classification of Vietnamese Cashew Nut ( Anacardium occidentale L.) Products Using Statistical Algorithms Based on ICP/MS Data: A Study of Food Categorization. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2023; 2023:1465773. [PMID: 37928250 PMCID: PMC10622188 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1465773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Fingerprinting techniques, which utilize the unique chemical and physical properties of food samples, have emerged as a promising approach for food authentication and traceability. Recent studies have demonstrated significant advancements in food authentication through the use of fingerprinting methods, such as multivariate statistical analysis techniques applied to trace elements and isotope ratios. However, further research is required to optimize these methods and ensure their validity and reliability in real-world applications. In this study, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analytical method was employed to determine the content of 21 elements in 300 cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) samples from 5 brands. Multivariate statistical methods, such as principal components analysis (PCA), were employed to analyze the data obtained and establish the provenance of the cashew nuts. While cashew nuts are widely marketed in many countries, no universal method has been utilized to differentiate the origin of these nuts. Our study represents the initial step in identifying the geographical origin of commercial cashew nuts marketed in Vietnam. The analysis showed significant differences in the means of 21 of the 40 analyzed elements among the cashew nut samples from the 5 brands, including 7Li, 11B, 24Mg, 27Al, 44Ca, 48Ti, 51V, 52Cr, 55Mn, 57Fe, 60Ni, 63Cu, 66Zn, 93Nb, 98Mo, 111Cd, 115In, 121Sb, 138Ba, 208Pb, and 209Bi. The PCA analysis indicated that the cashew nut samples can be accurately classified according to their original locations. This research serves as a prerequisite for future studies involving the combination of elemental composition analysis with statistical classification methods for the accurate establishment of cashew nut provenance, which involves the identification of key markers for the original discrimination of cashew nuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Nguyen-Quang
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Bui-Quang
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thinh Pham-Van
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam
| | - Nhan Le-Van
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khanh Nguyen-Hoang
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Nguyen-Minh
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tinh Phung-Thi
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Le-Viet
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Tran-Ha Minh
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dat Nguyen-Tien
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tuan-Anh Hoang-Le
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Truong-Ngoc
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
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10
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Daszykowski M, Kula M, Stanimirova I. Quantification and Detection of Ground Garlic Adulteration Using Fourier-Transform Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectra. Foods 2023; 12:3377. [PMID: 37761086 PMCID: PMC10528397 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the rapid and cost-effective possibility of quantifying adulterant amounts (corn flour or corn starch) in ground and dried garlic samples. Prepared mixtures with different concentrations of selected adulterant were effectively characterized using Fourier-transform near-infrared reflectance spectra (FT-NIR), and multivariate calibration models were developed using two methods: principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). They were constructed for optimally preprocessed FT-NIR spectra, and PLSR models generally performed better regarding model fit and predictions than PCR. The optimal PLSR model, built to estimate the amount of corn flour present in the ground and dried garlic samples, was constructed for the first derivative spectra obtained after Savitzky-Golay smoothing (fifteen sampling points and polynomial of the second degree). It demonstrated root mean squared errors for calibration and validation samples equal to 1.8841 and 1.8844 (i.e., 1.88% concerning the calibration range), respectively, and coefficients of determination equal to 0.9955 and 0.9858. The optimal PLSR model constructed for spectra after inverse scattering correction to assess the amount of corn starch had root mean squared errors for calibration and validation samples equal to 1.7679 and 1.7812 (i.e., 1.77% and 1.78% concerning the calibration range), respectively, and coefficients of determination equal to 0.9961 and 0.9873. It was also possible to discriminate samples adulterated with corn flour or corn starch using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The optimal PLS-DA model had a very high correct classification rate (99.66%), sensitivity (99.96%), and specificity (99.36%), calculated for external validation samples. Uncertainties of these figures of merit, estimated using the Monte Carlo validation approach, were relatively small. One-class classification partial least squares models, developed to detect the adulterant type, presented very optimistic sensitivity for validation samples (above 99%) but low specificity (64% and 45.33% for models recognizing corn flour or corn starch adulterants, respectively). Through experimental investigation, chemometric data analysis, and modeling, we have verified that the FT-NIR technique exhibits the required sensitivity to quantify adulteration in dried ground garlic, whether it involves corn flour or corn starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Daszykowski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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11
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Velázquez R, Rodríguez A, Hernández A, Casquete R, Benito MJ, Martín A. Spice and Herb Frauds: Types, Incidence, and Detection: The State of the Art. Foods 2023; 12:3373. [PMID: 37761082 PMCID: PMC10528162 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a necessity to protect the quality and authenticity of herbs and spices because of the increase in the fraud and adulteration incidence during the last 30 years. There are several aspects that make herbs and spices quite vulnerable to fraud and adulteration, including their positive and desirable sensorial and health-related properties, the form in which they are sold, which is mostly powdered, and their economic relevance around the world, even in developing countries. For these reasons, sensitive, rapid, and reliable techniques are needed to verify the authenticity of these agri-food products and implement effective adulteration prevention measures. This review highlights why spices and herbs are highly valued ingredients, their economic importance, and the official quality schemes to protect their quality and authenticity. In addition to this, the type of frauds that can take place with spices and herbs have been disclosed, and the fraud incidence and an overview of scientific articles related to fraud and adulteration based on the Rapid Alert System Feed and Food (RASFF) and the Web of Science databases, respectively, during the last 30 years, is carried out here. Next, the methods used to detect adulterants in spices and herbs are reviewed, with DNA-based techniques and mainly spectroscopy and image analysis methods being the most recommended. Finally, the available adulteration prevention measurements for spices and herbs are presented, and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Velázquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Medio Agronómico y Forestal, Investigación Aplicada en Hortofruticultura y Jardinería, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Rocío Casquete
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María J. Benito
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alberto Martín
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (A.H.); (R.C.); (M.J.B.); (A.M.)
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
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12
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Safdar LB, Dugina K, Saeidan A, Yoshicawa GV, Caporaso N, Gapare B, Umer MJ, Bhosale RA, Searle IR, Foulkes MJ, Boden SA, Fisk ID. Reviving grain quality in wheat through non-destructive phenotyping techniques like hyperspectral imaging. Food Energy Secur 2023; 12:e498. [PMID: 38440412 PMCID: PMC10909436 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A long-term goal of breeders and researchers is to develop crop varieties that can resist environmental stressors and produce high yields. However, prioritising yield often compromises improvement of other key traits, including grain quality, which is tedious and time-consuming to measure because of the frequent involvement of destructive phenotyping methods. Recently, non-destructive methods such as hyperspectral imaging (HSI) have gained attention in the food industry for studying wheat grain quality. HSI can quantify variations in individual grains, helping to differentiate high-quality grains from those of low quality. In this review, we discuss the reduction of wheat genetic diversity underlying grain quality traits due to modern breeding, key traits for grain quality, traditional methods for studying grain quality and the application of HSI to study grain quality traits in wheat and its scope in breeding. Our critical review of literature on wheat domestication, grain quality traits and innovative technology introduces approaches that could help improve grain quality in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqman B. Safdar
- International Flavour Research Centre, Division of Food, Nutrition and DieteticsUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
- International Flavour Research Centre (Adelaide), School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and Waite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
- Plant Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Kateryna Dugina
- International Flavour Research Centre, Division of Food, Nutrition and DieteticsUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
| | - Ali Saeidan
- International Flavour Research Centre, Division of Food, Nutrition and DieteticsUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
| | - Guilherme V. Yoshicawa
- Plant Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | | | - Brighton Gapare
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
| | - M. Jawad Umer
- Cotton Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangChina
| | - Rahul A. Bhosale
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
| | - Iain R. Searle
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - M. John Foulkes
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
| | - Scott A. Boden
- Plant Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ian D. Fisk
- International Flavour Research Centre, Division of Food, Nutrition and DieteticsUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughUK
- International Flavour Research Centre (Adelaide), School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and Waite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSouth AustraliaAustralia
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13
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Ceniti C, Spina AA, Piras C, Oppedisano F, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Britti D, Morittu VM. Recent Advances in the Determination of Milk Adulterants and Contaminants by Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy. Foods 2023; 12:2917. [PMID: 37569186 PMCID: PMC10418805 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of chemical contaminants, toxins, or veterinary drugs in milk, as well as the adulteration of milk from different species, has driven the development of new tools to ensure safety and quality. Several analytical procedures have been proposed for the rapid screening of hazardous substances or the selective confirmation of the authenticity of milk. Mid-infrared spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared have been two of the most relevant technologies conventionally employed in the dairy industry. These fingerprint methodologies can be very powerful in determining the trait of raw material without knowing the identity of each constituent, and several aspects suggest their potential as a screening method to detect adulteration. This paper reviews the latest advances in applying mid-infrared spectroscopy for the detection and quantification of adulterants, milk dilution, the presence of pathogenic bacteria, veterinary drugs, and hazardous substances in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Anna Antonella Spina
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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14
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Zhu L, Yang S, Xiao Z, Huang H, Yan K, Wang S. A portable Raspberry Pi-based spectrometer for on-site spectral testing. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [PMID: 37335311 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00464c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
We designed a portable Raspberry Pi-based spectrometer, which mainly consists of a white LED acting as the wide-spectrum source, a reflection grating for light dispersion, and a CMOS imaging chip aiming at spectral recording. All the optical elements and Raspberry Pi were integrated using 3-D printing structures with a size of 118 mm × 92 mm × 84 mm, and home-built software was also designed for spectral recording, calibration, analysis, and display implemented with a touch LCD. Additionally, the portable Raspberry Pi-based spectrometer was equipped with an internal battery, thus supporting on-site applications. Tested by a series of verifications and applications, the portable Raspberry Pi-based spectrometer could reach a spectral resolution of 0.065 nm per pixel within the visible band and provide spectral detection with high accuracy. Therefore, it can be used for on-site spectral testing in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuit Reliability Technology and Testing System, Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214105 China
- OptiX+ Laboratory, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214105 China
- Computational Optics Laboratory, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Shuwei Yang
- School of Intelligent Science and Information Engineering, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710125, China
- Advanced Institute of Micro-Nano Intelligent Sensing (AIMNIS), School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhibo Xiao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuit Reliability Technology and Testing System, Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214105 China
- OptiX+ Laboratory, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214105 China
- Computational Optics Laboratory, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Huachuan Huang
- School of Manufacture Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Keding Yan
- Advanced Institute of Micro-Nano Intelligent Sensing (AIMNIS), School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuit Reliability Technology and Testing System, Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214105 China
- OptiX+ Laboratory, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214105 China
- Single Molecule Nanobiology Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
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15
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Oliveira MM, Badaró AT, Esquerre CA, Kamruzzaman M, Barbin DF. Handheld and benchtop vis/NIR spectrometer combined with PLS regression for fast prediction of cocoa shell in cocoa powder. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 298:122807. [PMID: 37148660 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The fermented and dried cocoa beans are peeled, either before or after the roasting process, as peeled nibs are used for chocolate production, and shell content in cocoa powders may result from economically motivated adulteration (EMA), cross-contamination or misfits in equipment in the peeling process. The performance of this process is carefully evaluated, as values above 5% (w/w) of cocoa shell can directly affect the sensory quality of cocoa products. In this study chemometric methods were applied to near-infrared (NIR) spectra from a handheld (900-1700 nm) and a benchtop (400-1700 nm) spectrometers to predict cocoa shell content in cocoa powders. A total of 132 binary mixtures of cocoa powders with cocoa shell were prepared at several proportions (0 to 10% w/w). Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to develop the calibration models and different spectral preprocessing were investigated to improve the predictive performance of the models. The ensemble Monte Carlo variable selection (EMCVS) method was used to select the most informative spectral variables. Based on the results obtained with both benchtop (R2P = 0.939, RMSEP = 0.687% and RPDP = 4.14) and handheld (R2P = 0.876, RMSEP = 1.04% and RPDP = 2.82) spectrometers, NIR spectroscopy combined with the EMCVS method proved to be a highly accurate and reliable tool for predicting cocoa shell in cocoa powder. Even with a lower predictive performance than the benchtop spectrometer, the handheld spectrometer has potential to specify whether the amount of cocoa shell present in cocoa powders is in accordance with the Codex Alimentarius specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Oliveira
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A T Badaró
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Esquerre
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - M Kamruzzaman
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - D F Barbin
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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16
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Cebi N, Bekiroglu H, Erarslan A, Rodriguez-Saona L. Rapid Sensing: Hand-Held and Portable FTIR Applications for On-Site Food Quality Control from Farm to Fork. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093727. [PMID: 37175136 PMCID: PMC10179800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, one of the world's biggest problems is the assurance of food integrity from farm to fork. Economically motivated food adulteration and food authenticity problems are increasing daily with considerable health and economic effects. Early detection and prevention of food integrity-related problems could be provided by the application of effective on-site food analysis technologies. FTIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics can be used for the rapid quality control of a wide variety of food products with fast, high-throughput, accurate and nondestructive analysis advantages. In particular, hand-held and portable FTIR instruments have the potential to surveil food quality and food safety in various critical segments of the food supply chain. In this review, we explore the abilities of hand-held and portable FTIR spectrometers combined with multivariate statistics to conduct a quality evaluation of various food products in terms of food adulteration and authenticity issues. An examination of the literature showed that comparable results were obtained based on detection limits, correlation coefficient (R2) values, standard error values and discrimination power by using both portable/hand-held FTIR spectrometers and benchtop FTIR spectrometers. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential usefulness of portable and hand-held FTIR spectrometers combined with chemometrics for maintaining the food quality through the presentation of various applications that may shed light for on-site food control at any point of the food supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Cebi
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Bekiroglu
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Azime Erarslan
- Bioengineering Department, Chemical-Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Luis Rodriguez-Saona
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 100 Parker Food Science and Technology 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Al-Sharifi HKR, Rajan A, Sruthi SL, Deepthi A. Tryptanthrin-malononitrile adduct for highly efficient turn-off fluorescent sensing of aniline. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 297:122755. [PMID: 37087813 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence quenching of 2-(8-chloro-12-oxo-12H-indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6-ylidene)-malononitrile (5a) by aniline was studied in detail. Time correlated single photon counting measurements (TCSPC) indicated that the quenching involved both static and dynamic mechanisms without ground state complex formation. The selectivity towards aniline sensing in presence of other amines/aromatics and the anti-interference studies together with the low LOD value indicates the potential of 5a as a molecular probe for aniline sensing which is unaffected by pH alteration as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arsha Rajan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Trivandrum 695581, India
| | - S L Sruthi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Trivandrum 695581, India
| | - Ani Deepthi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Trivandrum 695581, India.
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18
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Liu Z, Zhou H, Huang M, Zhu Q, Qin J, Kim MS. Packaged butter adulteration evaluation based on spatially offset Raman spectroscopy coupled with FastICA. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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19
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Aslam R, Sharma SR, Kaur J, Panayampadan AS, Dar OI. A systematic account of food adulteration and recent trends in the non-destructive analysis of food fraud detection. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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20
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Using HPLC with In-Column Derivatization to Authenticate Coffee Samples. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041651. [PMID: 36838639 PMCID: PMC9962210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the world's most popular beverages, with the global coffee capsule market worth over USD 4 billion and growing. The incidence of coffee fraud is estimated to be up to one in five coffees being contaminated with cheaper blends of coffee. Given the worsening extent of climate change, coffee crop yields are harder to maintain, while demand is increasing. The 2021 Brazil frost delaying or destroying many coffee crops is an example. Hence, the incidence of coffee fraud is expected to increase, and as the market becomes more complex, there needs to be faster, easier, and more robust means of real-time coffee authentication. In this study, we propose the use of novel approaches to postcolumn derivatization (termed herein as in-column derivatization) to visualize the antioxidant profiles of coffee samples, to be later used as indicators for authentication purposes. We propose three simple mathematical similarity metrics for the real-time identification of unknown coffee samples from a sample library. Using the CUPRAC assay, and these metrics, we demonstrate the capabilities of the technique to identify unknown coffee samples from within our library of thirty.
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Liu Z, Wang W, Liu X. Automated characterization and identification of microplastics through spectroscopy and chemical imaging in combination with chemometric: Latest developments and future prospects. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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22
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Mondal DD, Chakraborty U, Bera M, Ghosh S, Kar D. An overview of nutritional profiling in foods: Bioanalytical techniques and useful protocols. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1124409. [PMID: 37025612 PMCID: PMC10070841 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1124409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a nutritious diet is essential for humans if they want to live a healthier life. Several food businesses and food safety organizations play a significant role and offer useful ways for improving nutritional quality that assists consumers in making informed selections. Making poor food choices and consuming unhealthy meals are the main causes of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Nutritional profiling (NP) models are developed to evaluate the nutritional value, calorie content, and the amount of micronutrients and macronutrients contained in a given food accompanied by additional details on the nutritional anomaly provided by published standard nutrients and nutritional databases. To construct an ideal nutritional model that can facilitate food consumption, bioanalytical methods such as chromatography, microscopic techniques, molecular assays, and metabolomics can be applied. With the use of these technologies, one can learn more about the health advantages of nutrition and how to prevent disease. A wider element of NP is also provided by the developing technologies in the area of nutrition research, such as nanotechnology, proteomics, and microarray technology. In this review, we are focusing on the different bioanalytical techniques and the various protocols of NP and their application and refinement of the models. We have evaluated various NP techniques currently used in the food industry for the detection of different components present in food items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deb Duhita Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Ushashi Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Manotosh Bera
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhrojyoti Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Debasish Kar
- Department of Biotechnology, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Debasish Kar
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23
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Wang D, Qian L, Zhang F, Mallires K, Tipparaju VV, Yu J, Forzani E, Jia C, Yang Q, Tao N, Xian X. Multiplexed Chemical Sensing CMOS Imager. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3335-3342. [PMID: 36269087 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A miniaturized and multiplexed chemical sensing technology is urgently needed to empower mobile devices and robots for various new applications such as mobile health and Internet of Things. Here, we show that a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imager can be turned into a multiplexed colorimetric sensing chip by coating micron-scale sensing spots on the CMOS imager surface. Each sensing spot contains nanocomposites of colorimetric sensing probes and silica nanoparticles that enhance sensing signals by several orders of magnitude. The sensitivity is spot-size-invariant, and high-performance gas sensing can be achieved on sensing spots as small as ∼10 μm. This great scalability combined with millions of pixels of a CMOS imager offers a promising platform for highly integrated chemical sensors. To prove its compatibility with mobile electronics, we have built a smartphone accessory based on this chemical CMOS sensor and demonstrated that personal health management can be achieved through the detection of gaseous biomarkers and pollutants. We anticipate that this new platform will pave the way for the widespread application of chemical sensing in mobile electronics and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China.,Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Libin Qian
- Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Fenni Zhang
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kyle Mallires
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Vishal Varun Tipparaju
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Erica Forzani
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Changku Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.,Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China.,State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Nongjian Tao
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Xiaojun Xian
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
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Vahapoglu B, Kilicoglu O, Cebi N, Ayseli MT, Kara U, Sagdic O, Capanoglu E. Investigating the effect of gamma-ray interaction on the stability and physicochemical properties of turmeric and ginger using Monte Carlo simulation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Alomar TS, AlMasoud N, Xu Y, Lima C, Akbali B, Maher S, Goodacre R. Simultaneous Multiplexed Quantification of Banned Sudan Dyes Using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering and Chemometrics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22207832. [PMID: 36298183 PMCID: PMC9611880 DOI: 10.3390/s22207832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Azo compounds such as the Sudan dyes I-IV are frequently used illegally as colorants and added to a wide range of foods. These compounds have been linked to a number of food safety hazards. Several methods have been proposed to detect food contamination by azo compounds and most of these are laboratory based; however, the development of reliable and portable methods for the detection and quantification of food contaminated by these chemicals in low concentration is still needed due to their potentially carcinogenic properties. In this study, we investigated the ability of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) combined with chemometrics to quantify Sudan I-IV dyes. SERS spectra were acquired using a portable Raman device and gold nanoparticles were employed as the SERS substrate. As these dyes are hydrophobic, they were first dissolved in water: acetonitrile (1:10, v/v) as single Sudan dyes (I-IV) at varying concentrations. SERS was performed at 785 nm and the spectra were analyzed by using partial least squares regression (PLS-R) with double cross-validations. The coefficient of determination (Q2) were 0.9286, 0.9206, 0.8676 and 0.9705 for Sudan I to IV, respectively; the corresponding limits of detection (LOD) for these dyes were estimated to be 6.27 × 10-6, 5.35 × 10-5, 9.40 × 10-6 and 1.84 × 10-6 M. Next, quadruplex mixtures were made containing all four Sudan dyes. As the number of possible combinations needed to cover the full concentration range at 5% intervals would have meant collecting SERS spectra from 194,481 samples (214 combinations) we used a sustainable solution based on Latin hypercubic sampling and reduced the number of mixtures to be analyzed to just 90. After collecting SERS spectra from these mixture PLS-R models with bootstrapping validations were employed. The results were slightly worse in which the Q2 for Sudan I to IV were 0.8593, 0.7255, 0.5207 and 0.5940 when PLS1 models (i.e., one model for one dye) was employed and they changed to 0.8329, 0.7288, 0.5032 and 0.5459 when PLS2 models were employed (i.e., four dyes were modelled simultaneously). These results showed the potential of SERS to be used as a high-throughput, low-cost, and reliable methods for detecting and quantifying multiple Sudan dyes in low concentration from illegally adulterated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghrid S. Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Najla AlMasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Yun Xu
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Cassio Lima
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Baris Akbali
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GJ, UK
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Simon Maher
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GJ, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
- Correspondence:
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26
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Bhandari SD, Gallegos-Peretz T, Wheat T, Jaudzems G, Kouznetsova N, Petrova K, Shah D, Hengst D, Vacha E, Lu W, Moore JC, Metra P, Xie Z. Amino Acid Fingerprinting of Authentic Nonfat Dry Milk and Skim Milk Powder and Effects of Spiking with Selected Potential Adulterants. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182868. [PMID: 36140996 PMCID: PMC9498471 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A collaborative study was undertaken in which five international laboratories participated to determine amino acid fingerprints in 39 authentic nonfat dry milk (NFDM)/skim milk powder (SMP) samples. A rapid method of amino acid analysis involving microwave-assisted hydrolysis followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (UHPLC-UV) was used for quantitation of amino acids and to calculate their distribution. The performance of this rapid method of analysis was evaluated and was used to determine the amino acid fingerprint of authentic milk powders. The distribution of different amino acids and their predictable upper and lower tolerance limits in authentic NFDM/SMP samples were established as a reference. Amino acid fingerprints of NFDM/SMP were compared with selected proteins and nitrogen rich compounds (proteins from pea, soy, rice, wheat, whey, and fish gelatin) which can be potential economically motivated adulterants (EMA). The amino acid fingerprints of NFDM/SMP were found to be affected by spiking with pea, soy, rice, whey, fish gelatin and arginine among the investigated adulterants but not by wheat protein and melamine. The study results establish an amino acid fingerprint of authentic NFDM/SMP and demonstrate the utility of this method as a tool in verifying the authenticity of milk powders and detecting their adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneh D. Bhandari
- Merieux NutriSciences, 3600 Eagle Nest Drive, Crete, IL 60417, USA
| | | | - Thomas Wheat
- Waters Corporation, 34 Maple Street, Milford, MA 01757, USA
| | - Gregory Jaudzems
- Nestlé Quality Assurance Center, 6625 Eiterman Rd., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Natalia Kouznetsova
- United States Pharmacopeia (USP), 12601 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Katya Petrova
- United States Pharmacopeia (USP), 12601 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Dimple Shah
- Waters Corporation, 34 Maple Street, Milford, MA 01757, USA
| | - Daniel Hengst
- Eurofins Food Integrity and Innovation, Madison, WI 53704, USA
| | - Erika Vacha
- Eurofins Food Integrity and Innovation, Madison, WI 53704, USA
| | - Weiying Lu
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jeffrey C. Moore
- United States Pharmacopeia (USP), 12601 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Pierre Metra
- Merieux NutriSciences Corporation, 113 Route de Paris, 69160 Tassin la Demi-Lune, France
| | - Zhuohong Xie
- United States Pharmacopeia (USP), 12601 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-221-2052
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Gajek M, Pawlaczyk A, Maćkiewicz E, Albińska J, Wysocki P, Jóźwik K, Szynkowska-Jóźwik MI. Assessment of the Authenticity of Whisky Samples Based on the Multi-Elemental and Multivariate Analysis. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182810. [PMID: 36140938 PMCID: PMC9498178 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two hundred and five samples of whisky, including 170 authentic and 35 fake products, were analyzed in terms of their elemental profiles in order to distinguish them according to the parameter of their authenticity. The study of 31 elements (Ag, Al, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Te, Tl, U, V, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, P, S, Ti and Zn) was performed using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Cold Vapor-Atomic Absorption (CVAAS) techniques. Additionally, the pH values of all samples were determined by pH-meter, and their isotopic ratios of 88Sr/86Sr, 84Sr/86Sr, 87Sr/86Sr and 63Cu/65Cu were assessed, based on the number of counts by ICP-MS. As a result of conducted research, elements, such as Mn, K, P and S, were identified as markers of whisky adulteration related to the age of alcohol. The concentrations of manganese, potassium and phosphorus were significantly lower in the fake samples (which were not aged, or the aging period was much shorter than legally required), compared to the original samples (in all cases subjected to the aging process). The observed differences were related to the migration of these elements from wooden barrels to the alcohol contained in them. On the other hand, the sulfur concentration in the processed samples was much higher in the counterfeit samples than in the authentic ones. The total sulfur content, such as that of alkyl sulfides, decreases in alcohol with aging in the barrels. Furthermore, counterfeit samples can be of variable origin and composition, so they cannot be characterized as one group with identical or comparable features. Repeatedly, the element of randomness dominates in the production of these kinds of alcohols. However, as indicated in this work, the extensive elemental analysis supported by statistical tools can be helpful, especially in the context of detecting age-related adulteration of whisky. The results presented in this paper are the final part of a comprehensive study on the influence of selected factors on the elemental composition of whisky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gajek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-631-30-95
| | - Aleksandra Pawlaczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Maćkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Albińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Wysocki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jóźwik
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Turbomachinery, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 219/223, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jóźwik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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Khanna A, Jain S, Burgio A, Bolshev V, Panchenko V. Blockchain-Enabled Supply Chain platform for Indian Dairy Industry: Safety and Traceability. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172716. [PMID: 36076901 PMCID: PMC9455752 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional food supply chains are centralized in nature and possess challenges pertaining to a single point of failure, product irregularities, quality compromises, and loss of data. Numerous cases of food fraud, contamination, and adulteration are daily reported from multiple parts of India, suggesting the absolute need for an upgraded decentralized supply chain model. A country such as India, where its biggest strength is its demographic dividend, cannot afford to malnutrition a large population of its children by allowing them to consume contaminated and adulterated dairy products. In view of the gravity of the situation, we propose a blockchain-enabled supply chain platform for the dairy industry. With respect to the supply chain platform, the dairy products of choice include milk, cheese, and butter. Blockchain is one of the fastest growing technologies having widespread acceptance across multiple industry verticals. Blockchain possesses the power to transform traditional supply chains into decentralized, robust, transparent, tamper proof, and sustainable supply chains. The proposed supply chain platform goes beyond the aspect of food traceability and focuses on maintaining the nutritional values of dairy products, identification of adulteration and contamination in dairy products, the increasing economic viability of running a dairy farm, preventing counterfeit dairy products, and enhancing the revenue of the dairy company. The paper collates the mentioned functionalities into four distinct impact dimensions: social, economic, operations, and sustainability. The proposed blockchain-enabled dairy supply chain platform combines the use of smart contracts, quick response code (QR code) technology, and IoT and has the potential to redefine the dairy supply chains on socio-economic, operational, and sustainability parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirup Khanna
- Department of Systemics, School of Computer Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sapna Jain
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities (Chemistry), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Energy Acres, Dehradun 248007, India
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (V.B.); Tel.: +91-9990049256 (S.J.); +7-499-174-8595 (V.B.)
| | | | - Vadim Bolshev
- Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow 109428, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (V.B.); Tel.: +91-9990049256 (S.J.); +7-499-174-8595 (V.B.)
| | - Vladimir Panchenko
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Russian University of Transport, Moscow 127994, Russia
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29
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Chen R, Mei J, Du G, Shi Y, Huang Y. Convenient detection of white pepper adulteration by portable NIRS and spectral imaging with chemometrics. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Mialon N, Roig B, Capodanno E, Cadiere A. Untargeted metabolomic approaches in food authenticity: a review that showcases biomarkers. Food Chem 2022; 398:133856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Yashwantrao G, Shetty P, Maleikal PJ, Badani P, Saha S. Dehydrative Substitution Reaction in Water for the Preparation of Unsymmetrically Substituted Triarylmethanes: Synthesis, Aggregation‐Enhanced Emission, and Mechanofluorochromism. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200150. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gauravi Yashwantrao
- ICT Mumbai: Institute of Chemical Technology Speciality Chemicals Technology INDIA
| | - Prapti Shetty
- Institute of Chemical Technology Speciality Chemicals Technology INDIA
| | | | - Purav Badani
- University of Mumbai - Kalina Campus Chemistry INDIA
| | - Satyajit Saha
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai Department of Dyestuff Technology Nathelal parekh Marg400019India 400019 Matunga, 2010 INDIA
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Abstract
A lab-made electronic nose (Enose) with vacuum sampling and a sensor array, comprising nine metal oxide semiconductor Figaro gas sensors, was tested for the quantitative analysis of vapor–liquid equilibrium, described by Henry’s law, of aqueous solutions of organic compounds: three alcohols (i.e., methanol, ethanol, and propanol) or three chemical compounds with different functional groups (i.e., acetaldehyde, ethanol, and ethyl acetate). These solutions followed a fractional factorial design to guarantee orthogonal concentrations. Acceptable predictive ridge regression models were obtained for training, with RSEs lower than 7.9, R2 values greater than 0.95, slopes varying between 0.84 and 1.00, and intercept values close to the theoretical value of zero. Similar results were obtained for the test data set: RSEs lower than 8.0, R2 values greater than 0.96, slopes varying between 0.72 and 1.10, and some intercepts equal to the theoretical value of zero. In addition, the total mass of the organic compounds of each aqueous solution could be predicted, pointing out that the sensors measured mainly the global contents of the vapor phases. The satisfactory quantitative results allowed to conclude that the Enose could be a useful tool for the analysis of volatiles from aqueous solutions containing organic compounds for which Henry’s law is applicable.
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33
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Detection and quantification of adulteration in turmeric by spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-022-01380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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34
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Prandi B, Righetti L, Caligiani A, Tedeschi T, Cirlini M, Galaverna G, Sforza S. Assessing food authenticity through protein and metabolic markers. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 102:233-274. [PMID: 36064294 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This chapter aims to address an issue of ancient origins, but more and more topical in a globalized world in which consumers and stakeholders are increasingly aware: the authenticity of food. Foods are systems that can also be very complex, and verifying the correspondence between what is declared and the actual characteristics of the product is often a challenging issue. The complexity of the question we want to answer (is the food authentic?) means that the answer is equally articulated and makes use of many different analytical techniques. This chapter will consider the chemical analyses of foods aimed at guaranteeing their authenticity and will focus on frontier methods that have been developed in recent years to address the need to respond to ever-increasing guarantees of authenticity. Targeted and non-targeted approaches will be considered for verifying the authenticity of foods, through the study of different classes of constituents (proteins, metabolites, lipids, flavors). The numerous approaches available (proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics) and the related analytical techniques (LC-MS, GC-MS, NMR) are first described from a more general point of view, after which their specific application for the purposes of authentication of food is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Prandi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Laura Righetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Tullia Tedeschi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Cirlini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Sforza
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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35
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Varnasseri M, Xu Y, Goodacre R. Rapid detection and quantification of the adulteration of orange juice with grapefruit juice using handheld Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1663-1670. [PMID: 35322833 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Detecting food adulteration has always been an important task for food safety, especially when grapefruit is the adulterant as components in the juice have undesired interactions with many medicines. In this study we employed a handheld Raman device to detect adulteration of orange juices with grapefruit juices. Fresh fruits of orange and grapefruit were purchased from five different sources and fruit juices were made using a handheld juicer. The extracted juices were then mixed in a way that concentrations of grapefruit juices varied from 0% to 100% in 5% increments. In order to study the impact of the different sources of the fruits, three different sets of mixtures were prepared based on their spectral similarity and dissimilarity. Raman spectra were collected using a handheld instrument with an excitation laser at 785 nm and data analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), principal component-discriminant function analysis (PC-DFA) and partial least squares regression (PLS-R). PLS-R models were trained and validated on: (i) the full data set from the three different mixture sets, and (ii) each set of the three mixtures separately. The results showed that a good calibration model was obtained using full data which had a coefficient of determination (Q2) of 0.81 and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 12.5%. Such results were improved when the PLS-R model was trained and validated on the three separate mixture combinations, where the Q2 varied from 0.85 to 0.89 and RMSEP varied from 9.9% to 11.6%. Finally, we adopted a two step approach in which a partial least squares for discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was trained first to classify the three sample sources and then three different PLS-R models were subsequently trained on samples from the same source. This resulted in a Q2 of 0.83 and RMSEP of 12.0%. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy can be used as a portable and rapid analytical tool for detecting adulteration of grapefruit juice added to orange juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrvash Varnasseri
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
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36
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Farag MA, Khalifa I, Gamal M, Bakry IA. The chemical composition, production technology, authentication, and QC analysis of dried milk. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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37
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Kelis Cardoso VG, Sabin GP, Hantao LW. Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) combined with chemometrics for real-time beer analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1540-1546. [PMID: 35302124 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00063f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The beer industry plays an important role in the economy since this is the third most consumed beverage worldwide. Efficient analytical methods must be developed to ensure the quality of the product. Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) can provide molecular-level information, while enabling fast analysis. REIMS requires minimal sample preparation and it is ideal for the analysis of homogeneous liquid samples, such as beers, within only five seconds. In this article, 32 different beers were analyzed by REIMS in positive and negative ionization modes using a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The positive and negative MS spectrum blocks were augmented for data fusion. A predictive model by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to discriminate the samples (i) by their brands and (ii) by the beer type (Premium and Standard American lagers). The results showed that REIMS provided a rich fingerprint of beers, which was successfully used to discriminate the brands and types with 96.9% and 97.9% accuracy, respectively. We believe that this proof-of-concept has great potential to be applied on a larger scale for industrial purposes due to its high-throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guilherme Post Sabin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, 270 Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil.
- OpenScience, Office 916, 233 Conceição Street, Campinas, São Paulo, 13010-050, Brazil
| | - Leandro Wang Hantao
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, 270 Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil.
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38
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Mills AM, Strzalka J, Bernat A, Rao Q, Hallinan DT. Magnetic-Core/Gold-Shell Nanoparticles for the Detection of Hydrophobic Chemical Contaminants. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081253. [PMID: 35457961 PMCID: PMC9027997 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic-core/gold-shell nanoparticles (MAuNPs) are of interest for enabling rapid and portable detection of trace adulterants in complex media. Gold coating provides biocompatibility and facile functionalization, and a magnetic core affords analyte concentration and controlled deposition onto substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Iron oxide cores were synthesized and coated with gold by reduction of HAuCl4 by NH2OH. MAuNPs were grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and/or functionalized with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) and examined using a variety of microscopic, spectroscopic, magnetometric, and scattering techniques. For MAuNPs grafted with both PEG and 4-MBA, the order in which they were grafted impacted not only the graft density of the individual ligands, but also the overall graft density. Significant Raman signal enhancement of the model analyte, 4-MBA, was observed. This enhancement demonstrates the functionality of MAuNPs in direct detection of trace contaminants. The magnetic deposition rate of MAuNPs in chloroform and water was explored. The presence of 4-MBA slowed the mass deposition rate, and it was postulated that the rate disparity originated from differing NP-substrate surface interactions. These findings emphasize the importance of ligand choice in reference to the medium, target analyte, and substrate material, as well as functionalization procedure in the design of similar sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Mills
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Florida A&M University—Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA;
- Aero-Propulsion, Mechatronics, and Energy Center, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Joseph Strzalka
- Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Lemont, IL 60439, USA;
| | - Andrea Bernat
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (A.B.); (Q.R.)
| | - Qinchun Rao
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (A.B.); (Q.R.)
| | - Daniel T. Hallinan
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Florida A&M University—Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA;
- Aero-Propulsion, Mechatronics, and Energy Center, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-850-645-0131
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Zhong P, Wei X, Li X, Wei X, Wu S, Huang W, Koidis A, Xu Z, Lei H. Untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry for food authentication: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:2455-2488. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Xiaoqun Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Xiangmei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Shaozong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Weijuan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Anastasios Koidis
- Institute for Global Food Security Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
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40
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Liu Z, Wang X, Yan Z, Chu B, Wang W, Liu B. A universal primer distinguishable PCR (UP-D-PCR) method for simultaneous identification and differentiation of bovine- and ovine/caprine-derived ingredients in ruminant feeds. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-03984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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41
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Rifna EJ, Pandiselvam R, Kothakota A, Subba Rao KV, Dwivedi M, Kumar M, Thirumdas R, Ramesh SV. Advanced process analytical tools for identification of adulterants in edible oils - A review. Food Chem 2022; 369:130898. [PMID: 34455326 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the use of spectroscopic processes-based analytical tools coupled with chemometric techniques for the identification of adulterants in edible oil. Investigational approaches of process analytical tools such asspectroscopy techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), hyperspectral imaging (HSI), e-tongue and e-nose combined with chemometrics were used to monitor quality of edible oils. Owing to the variety and intricacy of edible oil properties along with the alterations in attributes of the PAT tools, the reliability of the tool used and the operating factors are the crucial components which require attention to enhance the efficiency in identification of adulterants. The combination of process analytical tools with chemometrics offers a robust technique with immense chemotaxonomic potential. These involves identification of adulterants, quality control, geographical origin evaluation, process evaluation, and product categorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Rifna
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - R Pandiselvam
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR - Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, Kerala, India.
| | - Anjineyulu Kothakota
- Agro-Processing & Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India.
| | - K V Subba Rao
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Madhuresh Dwivedi
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Rohit Thirumdas
- Department of Food Process Technology, College of Food Science and Technology, PJTSAU, Telangana, India
| | - S V Ramesh
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR - Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, Kerala, India
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42
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Agricultural Potentials of Molecular Spectroscopy and Advances for Food Authentication: An Overview. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat, fish, coffee, tea, mushroom, and spices are foods that have been acknowledged for their nutritional benefits but are also reportedly targets of fraud and tampering due to their economic value. Conventional methods often take precedence for monitoring these foods, but rapid advanced instruments employing molecular spectroscopic techniques are gradually claiming dominance due to their numerous advantages such as low cost, little to no sample preparation, and, above all, their ability to fingerprint and detect a deviation from quality. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of common molecular spectroscopic techniques and their use for agricultural and food quality management. Using multiple databases including ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, 171 research publications including research articles, review papers, and book chapters were thoroughly reviewed and discussed to highlight new trends, accomplishments, challenges, and benefits of using molecular spectroscopic methods for studying food matrices. It was observed that Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Hyperspectral imaging (his), and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) stand out in particular for the identification of geographical origin, compositional analysis, authentication, and the detection of adulteration of meat, fish, coffee, tea, mushroom, and spices; however, the potential of UV/Vis, 1H-NMR, and Raman spectroscopy (RS) for similar purposes is not negligible. The methods rely heavily on preprocessing and chemometric methods, but their reliance on conventional reference data which can sometimes be unreliable, for quantitative analysis, is perhaps one of their dominant challenges. Nonetheless, the emergence of handheld versions of these techniques is an area that is continuously being explored for digitalized remote analysis.
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Kumar S, D'Souza RN, Corno M, Ullrich MS, Kuhnert N, Hütt MT. Cocoa bean fingerprinting via correlation networks. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:5. [PMID: 35075143 PMCID: PMC8786884 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-021-00120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocoa products have a remarkable chemical and sensory complexity. However, in contrast to other fermentation processes in the food industry, cocoa bean fermentation is left essentially uncontrolled and is devoid of standardization. Questions of food authenticity and food quality are hence particularly challenging for cocoa. Here we provide an illustration how network science can support food fingerprinting and food authenticity research. Using a large dataset of 140 cocoa samples comprising three cocoa fermentation/processing stages and eight countries, we obtain correlation networks between the cocoa samples by computing measures of pairwise correlation from their liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) profiles. We find that the topology of correlation networks derived from untargeted LC-MS profiles is indicative of the fermentation and processing stage as well as the origin country of cocoa samples. Progressively increasing the correlation threshold firstly reveals network clusters based on processing stage and later country-based clusters. We present both, qualitative and quantitative evidence through network visualization, network statistics and concepts from machine learning. In our view, this network-based approach for classifying mass spectrometry data has broad applicability beyond cocoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhust Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Roy N D'Souza
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marcello Corno
- Barry Callebaut AG, Westpark, Pfingstweidstrasse 60, Zurich, 8005, Switzerland
| | - Matthias S Ullrich
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marc-Thorsten Hütt
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany.
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44
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Manthou E, Karnavas A, Fengou LC, Bakali A, Lianou A, Tsakanikas P, Nychas GJE. Spectroscopy and imaging technologies coupled with machine learning for the assessment of the microbiological spoilage associated to ready-to-eat leafy vegetables. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 361:109458. [PMID: 34743052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Based on both new and previously utilized experimental data, the present study provides a comparative assessment of sensors and machine learning approaches for evaluating the microbiological spoilage of ready-to-eat leafy vegetables (baby spinach and rocket). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), near-infrared (NIR), visible (VIS) spectroscopy and multispectral imaging (MSI) were used. Two data partitioning approaches and two algorithms, namely partial least squares regression and support vector regression (SVR), were evaluated. Concerning baby spinach, when model testing was performed on samples randomly selected, the performance was better than or similar to the one attained when testing was performed based on dynamic temperatures data, depending on the applied analytical technology. The two applied algorithms yielded similar model performances for the majority of baby spinach cases. Regarding rocket, the random data partitioning approach performed considerably better results in almost all cases of sensor/algorithm combination. Furthermore, SVR algorithm resulted in considerably or slightly better model performances for the FTIR, VIS and NIR sensors, depending on the data partitioning approach. However, PLSR algorithm provided better models for the MSI sensor. Overall, the microbiological spoilage of baby spinach was better assessed by models derived mainly from the VIS sensor, while FTIR and MSI were more suitable in rocket. According to the findings of this study, a distinct sensor and computational analysis application is needed for each vegetable type, suggesting that there is not a single combination of analytical approach/algorithm that could be applied successfully in all food products and throughout the food supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia Manthou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos Karnavas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Lemonia-Christina Fengou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Bakali
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Lianou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; Division of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsakanikas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - George-John E Nychas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
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45
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Pradana-López S, Pérez-Calabuig AM, Cancilla JC, Otero L, Torrecilla JS. Single-digit ppm quantification of melamine in powdered milk driven by computer vision. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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46
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Lixourgioti P, Goggin KA, Zhao X, Murphy DJ, van Ruth S, Koidis A. Authentication of cinnamon spice samples using FT-IR spectroscopy and chemometric classification. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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47
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Delatour T, Becker F, Krause J, Romero R, Gruna R, Längle T, Panchaud A. Handheld Spectral Sensing Devices Should Not Mislead Consumers as Far as Non-Authentic Food Is Concerned: A Case Study with Adulteration of Milk Powder. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010075. [PMID: 35010202 PMCID: PMC8750415 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rising trend of consumers being offered by start-up companies portable devices and applications for checking quality of purchased products, it appears of paramount importance to assess the reliability of miniaturized sensors embedded in such devices. Here, eight sensors were assessed for food fraud applications in skimmed milk powder. The performance was evaluated with dry- and wet-blended powders mimicking adulterated materials by addition of either ammonium sulfate, semicarbazide, or cornstarch in the range 0.5-10% of profit. The quality of the spectra was assessed for an adequate identification of the outliers prior to a deep assessment of performance for both non-targeted (soft independent modelling of class analogy, SIMCA) and targeted analyses (partial least square regression with orthogonal signal correction, OPLS). Here, we show that the sensors have generally difficulties in detecting adulterants at ca. 5% supplementation, and often fail in achieving adequate specificity and detection capability. This is a concern as they may mislead future users, particularly consumers, if they are intended to be developed for handheld devices available publicly in smartphone-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Delatour
- Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.R.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Florian Becker
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Julius Krause
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Roman Romero
- Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Robin Gruna
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Thomas Längle
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Alexandre Panchaud
- Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.R.); (A.P.)
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48
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Detection of Monilia Contamination in Plum and Plum Juice with NIR Spectroscopy and Electronic Tongue. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9120355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plums are one of the commercially important stone fruits that are available on the market in both fresh and processed form and the most sought-after products are prunes, cans, jams, and juices. Maturity, harvest, and post-harvest technologies fundamentally determine the relatively short shelf life of plums which is often threatened by Monilinia spp. Causing brown rot worldwide. The aim of the present research was to use advanced analytical techniques, such as hand-held near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electronic tongue (e-tongue) to detect M. fructigena fungal infection on plums and quantify this fungal contamination in raw plum juices. For this purpose, plums were inoculated with fungal mycelia in different ways (control, intact, and through injury) and stored under different conditions (5 °C, and 24 °C) for eight days. The results obtained with the two instruments were analyzed with chemometric methods, such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). The NIRS-based method proved successful when detectability before the appearance of visible signs of the infection was studied. E-tongue was able to detect and quantify the concentration of juice derived from plum developed with M. fructigena with RMSECV lower than 5% w/w. Overall, the two methods proved to be suitable for discriminating between the treatment groups, however, the classification accuracy was higher for samples stored at 24 °C. The research results show both NIRS and e-tongue are beneficial methods to reduce food waste by providing rapid determination of fruit quality.
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49
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Cuadros-Rodríguez L, Ortega-Gavilán F, Martín-Torres S, Arroyo-Cerezo A, Jiménez-Carvelo AM. Chromatographic Fingerprinting and Food Identity/Quality: Potentials and Challenges. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14428-14434. [PMID: 34813301 PMCID: PMC8896688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chromatograms are a valuable source of information about the chemical composition of the food being analyzed. Sometimes, this information is not explicit and appears in a hidden or not obvious way. Thus, the use of chemometric tools and data-mining methods to extract it is required. The fingerprint provided by a chromatogram offers the possibility to perform both identity and quality testing of foodstuffs. This perspective is aimed at providing an updated opinion of chromatographic fingerprinting methodology in the field of food authentication. Furthermore, the limitations, its absence in official analytical methods, and the future directions of this methodology are discussed.
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50
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Pan R, Li G, Liu S, Zhang X, Liu J, Su Z, Wu Y. Emerging nanolabels-based immunoassays: Principle and applications in food safety. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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