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Yadav S, Senapati S, Kumar S, Gahlaut SK, Singh JP. GLAD Based Advanced Nanostructures for Diversified Biosensing Applications: Recent Progress. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1115. [PMID: 36551082 PMCID: PMC9775079 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) is a technique for the fabrication of sculpted micro- and nanostructures under the conditions of oblique vapor flux incident and limited adatom diffusion. GLAD-based nanostructures are emerging platforms with broad sensing applications due to their high sensitivity, enhanced optical and catalytic properties, periodicity, and controlled morphology. GLAD-fabricated nanochips and substrates for chemical and biosensing applications are replacing conventionally used nanomaterials due to their broad scope, ease of fabrication, controlled growth parameters, and hence, sensing abilities. This review focuses on recent advances in the diverse nanostructures fabricated via GLAD and their applications in the biomedical field. The effects of morphology and deposition conditions on GLAD structures, their biosensing capability, and the use of these nanostructures for various biosensing applications such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and colorimetric- and wettability-based bio-detection will be discussed in detail. GLAD has also found diverse applications in the case of molecular imaging techniques such as fluorescence, super-resolution, and photoacoustic imaging. In addition, some in vivo applications, such as drug delivery, have been discussed. Furthermore, we will also provide an overview of the status of GLAD technology as well as future challenges associated with GLAD-based nanostructures in the mentioned areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarjana Yadav
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sneha Senapati
- School of Interdisciplinary Research, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Samir Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashank K. Gahlaut
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jitendra P. Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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2
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Monaghan JW, O'Dell ZJ, Sridhar S, Paranzino B, Sundaresan V, Willets KA. Calcite-Assisted Localization and Kinetics (CLocK) Microscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10527-10533. [PMID: 36342334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Localization-based super-resolution imaging techniques have improved the spatial resolution of optical microscopy well below the diffraction limit, yet encoding additional information into super-resolved images, such as anisotropy and orientation, remains a challenge. Here we introduce calcite-assisted localization and kinetics (CLocK) microscopy, a multiparameter super-resolution imaging technique easily integrated into any existing optical microscope setup at low cost and with straightforward analysis. By placing a rotating calcite crystal in the infinity space of an optical microscope, CLocK microscopy provides immediate polarization and orientation information while maintaining the ability to localize an emitter/scatterer with <10 nm resolution. Further, kinetic information an order of magnitude shorter than the integration time of the camera is encoded in the unique point spread function of a CLocK image, allowing for new mechanistic insight into dynamic processes such as single-nanoparticle dissolution and single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Monaghan
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Zachary J O'Dell
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Sanjay Sridhar
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Bianca Paranzino
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
| | - Vignesh Sundaresan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi38677, United States
| | - Katherine A Willets
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19122, United States
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3
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Miao Y, Boutelle RC, Blake A, Chandrasekaran V, Sheehan CJ, Hollingsworth J, Neuhauser D, Weiss S. Super-resolution Imaging of Plasmonic Near-Fields: Overcoming Emitter Mislocalizations. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4520-4529. [PMID: 35576273 PMCID: PMC9150090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nano-objects have shown great potential in enhancing applications like biological/chemical sensing, light harvesting and energy transfer, and optical/quantum computing. Therefore, an extensive effort has been vested in optimizing plasmonic systems and exploiting their field enhancement properties. Super-resolution imaging with quantum dots (QDs) is a promising method to probe plasmonic near-fields but is hindered by the distortion of the QD radiation pattern. Here, we investigate the interaction between QDs and "L-shaped" gold nanoantennas and demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that this strong interaction can induce polarization-dependent modifications to the apparent QD emission intensity, polarization, and localization. Based on FDTD simulations and polarization-modulated single-molecule microscopy, we show that the displacement of the emitter's localization is due to the position-dependent interference between the emitter and the induced dipole, and can be up to 100 nm. Our results help pave a pathway for higher precision plasmonic near-field mapping and its underlying applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Miao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Robert C. Boutelle
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Anastasia Blake
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Casa Grande Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States
| | | | - Chris J. Sheehan
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Casa Grande Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States
| | - Jennifer Hollingsworth
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Casa Grande Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States
| | - Daniel Neuhauser
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shimon Weiss
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Physics, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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4
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Zhang H, Zhao M, Ábrahám IM, Zhang F. Super-Resolution Imaging With Lanthanide Luminescent Nanocrystals: Progress and Prospect. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:692075. [PMID: 34660546 PMCID: PMC8514657 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.692075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy has overcome a serious diffraction barrier on the optical resolution and facilitated new discoveries on detailed nanostructures in cell biology. Traditional fluorescence probes employed in the super-resolution imaging approach include organic dyes and fluorescent proteins. However, some limitations of these probes, such as photobleaching, short emission wavelengths, and high saturation intensity, still hamper the promotion of optical resolution and bio-applications. Recently, lanthanide luminescent probes with unique optical properties of non-photobleaching and sharp emissions have been applied in super-resolution imaging. In this mini-review, we will introduce several different mechanisms for lanthanide ions to achieve super-resolution imaging based on an STED-like setup. Then, several lanthanide ions used in super-resolution imaging will be described in detail and discussed. Last but not least, we will emphasize the future challenges and outlooks in hope of advancing the next-generation lanthanide fluorescent probes for super-resolution optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - István M Ábrahám
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Gao Z, Deng S, Li J, Wang K, Li J, Wang L, Fan C. Sub-diffraction-limit cell imaging using a super-resolution microscope with simplified pulse synchronization. Sci China Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-016-9028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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6
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Koenderink AF. Single-Photon Nanoantennas. ACS PHOTONICS 2017; 4:710-722. [PMID: 29354664 PMCID: PMC5770162 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Single-photon nanoantennas are broadband strongly scattering nanostructures placed in the near field of a single quantum emitter, with the goal to enhance the coupling between the emitter and far-field radiation channels. Recently, great strides have been made in the use of nanoantennas to realize fluorescence brightness enhancements, and Purcell enhancements, of several orders of magnitude. This perspective reviews the key figures of merit by which single-photon nanoantenna performance is quantified and the recent advances in measuring these metrics unambiguously. Next, this perspective discusses what the state of the art is in terms of fluoresent brightness enhancements, Purcell factors, and directivity control on the level of single photons. Finally, I discuss future challenges for single-photon nanoantennas.
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Lim K, Ropp C, Barik S, Fourkas J, Shapiro B, Waks E. Nanostructure-Induced Distortion in Single-Emitter Microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:5415-5419. [PMID: 27552289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-emitter microscopy has emerged as a promising method of imaging nanostructures with nanoscale resolution. This technique uses the centroid position of an emitter's far-field radiation pattern to infer its position to a precision that is far below the diffraction limit. However, nanostructures composed of high-dielectric materials such as noble metals can distort the far-field radiation pattern. Previous work has shown that these distortions can significantly degrade the imaging of the local density of states in metallic nanowires using polarization-resolved imaging. But unlike nanowires, nanoparticles do not have a well-defined axis of symmetry, which makes polarization-resolved imaging difficult to apply. Nanoparticles also exhibit a more complex range of distortions, because in addition to introducing a high dielectric surface, they also act as efficient scatterers. Thus, the distortion effects of nanoparticles in single-emitter microscopy remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that metallic nanoparticles can significantly distort the accuracy of single-emitter imaging at distances exceeding 300 nm. We use a single quantum dot to probe both the magnitude and the direction of the metallic nanoparticle-induced imaging distortion and show that the diffraction spot of the quantum dot can shift by more than 35 nm. The centroid position of the emitter generally shifts away from the nanoparticle position, which is in contradiction to the conventional wisdom that the nanoparticle is a scattering object that will pull in the diffraction spot of the emitter toward its center. These results suggest that dielectric distortion of the emission pattern dominates over scattering. We also show that by monitoring the distortion of the quantum dot diffraction spot we can obtain high-resolution spatial images of the nanoparticle, providing a new method for performing highly precise, subdiffraction spatial imaging. These results provide a better understanding of the complex near-field coupling between emitters and nanostructures and open up new opportunities to perform super-resolution microscopy with higher accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmook Lim
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | | | - Sabyasachi Barik
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | | | | | - Edo Waks
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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8
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Boutelle RC, Neuhauser D, Weiss S. Far-Field Super-resolution Detection of Plasmonic Near-Fields. ACS NANO 2016; 10:7955-7962. [PMID: 27501216 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b03873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a far-field single molecule super-resolution method that maps plasmonic near-fields. The method is largely invariant to fluorescence quenching (arising from probe proximity to a metal), has reduced point-spread-function distortion compared to fluorescent dyes (arising from strong coupling to nanoscopic metallic features), and has a large dynamic range (of 2 orders of magnitude) allowing mapping of plasmonic field-enhancements regions. The method takes advantage of the sensitivity of quantum dot (QD) stochastic blinking to plasmonic near-fields. The modulation of the blinking characteristics thus provides an indirect measure of the local field strength. Since QD blinking can be monitored in the far-field, the method can measure localized plasmonic near-fields at high throughput using a simple far-field optical setup. Using this method, propagation lengths and penetration depths were mapped-out for silver nanowires of different diameters and for different dielectric environments, with a spatial accuracy of ∼15 nm. We initially use sparse sampling to ensure single molecule localization for accurate characterization of the plasmonic near-field with plans to increase density of emitters in further studies. The measured propagation lengths and penetration depths values agree well with Maxwell finite-difference time-domain calculations and with published literature values. This method offers advantages such as low cost, high throughput, and superresolved mapping of localized plasmonic fields at high sensitivity and fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shimon Weiss
- Department of Physics, Bar Ilan University , Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
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9
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Abalde-Cela S, Carregal-Romero S, Coelho JP, Guerrero-Martínez A. Recent progress on colloidal metal nanoparticles as signal enhancers in nanosensing. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 233:255-270. [PMID: 26094082 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal metal nanoparticles present very special optical and electromagnetic properties at the nanoscale range. Such plasmonic properties have derived in a huge research field that encompasses the understanding of nanoparticle formation mechanisms for the ultimate goal of developing novel materials for real-life applications. Plasmonic sensing is experiencing a rapid transition by taking advantage of the characteristic properties of colloidal metal nanoparticles. However, a rational design of novel nanoplasmonic substrates, which gathers as much as the required properties for a substrate to be a 'good' sensor is critical through the development of applications that can be effectively transferred as applied technologies. Also, the chosen sensing technique is a key factor when planning the design of a new plasmonic-based sensor. Several factors such as composition, shape, size, particle interactions or stability among others will define the final quality of the nanomaterial as sensing platform. Herein, we review the latest and most promising state-of-the art of nanoplasmonic-based sensors in four differentiated areas regarding the surface-enhanced spectroscopy detection technique being LSPR-, SERS- and SEIRA-, and SEF based platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abalde-Cela
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Susana Carregal-Romero
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Oncology Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - João Paulo Coelho
- Departamento de Química Física I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Guerrero-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Física I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Chen B, Wood A, Pathak A, Mathai J, Bok S, Zheng H, Hamm S, Basuray S, Grant S, Gangopadhyay K, Cornish PV, Gangopadhyay S. Plasmonic gratings with nano-protrusions made by glancing angle deposition for single-molecule super-resolution imaging. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12189-201. [PMID: 27250765 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr09165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution imaging has been advantageous in studying biological and chemical systems, but the required equipment and platforms are expensive and unable to observe single-molecules at the high (μM) fluorophore concentrations required to study protein interaction and enzymatic activity. Here, a plasmonic platform was designed that utilized an inexpensively fabricated plasmonic grating in combination with a scalable glancing angle deposition (GLAD) technique using physical vapor deposition. The GLAD creates an abundance of plasmonic nano-protrusion probes that combine the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) from the periodic gratings with the localized SPR of these nano-protrusions. The resulting platform enables simultaneous imaging of a large area without point-by-point scanning or bulk averaging for the detection of single Cyanine-5 molecules in dye concentrations ranging from 50 pM to 10 μM using epifluorescence microscopy. Combining the near-field plasmonic nano-protrusion probes and super-resolution technique using localization microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to resolve grain sizes down to 65 nm. This plasmonic GLAD grating is a cost-effective super-resolution imaging substrate with potential applications in high-speed biomedical imaging over a wide range of fluorescent concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - A Wood
- Department of Bioengineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - A Pathak
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - J Mathai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - S Bok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - H Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - S Hamm
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - S Basuray
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - S Grant
- Department of Bioengineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - K Gangopadhyay
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - P V Cornish
- Department of Biochemistry, 117 Schweitzer Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - S Gangopadhyay
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 139 and 141A Engineering Building West, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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11
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Zheng X, Zong C, Xu M, Wang X, Ren B. Raman Imaging from Microscopy to Nanoscopy, and to Macroscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3395-3406. [PMID: 25873340 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201403804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy can not only provide intrinsic fingerprint information about a sample, but also utilize the merits of the narrow bandwidth and low background of Raman spectra, offering itself as a promising multiplex analytical technique. Raman microscopy has become particularly attractive recently because it has demonstrated itself as an important imaging technique for various samples, from biological samples and chemical systems to industrially important silicon-based wafers. In this Concept article, some of the most recent advances in Raman imaging techniques are critically reviewed, and the advantages and problems associated with the current techniques are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on its future directions, from both the technical and application sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Cheng Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Mengxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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12
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Nanoscale probing of image-dipole interactions in a metallic nanostructure. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6558. [PMID: 25790228 PMCID: PMC4383001 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An emitter near a surface induces an image dipole that can modify the observed emission intensity and radiation pattern. These image-dipole effects are generally not taken into account in single-emitter tracking and super-resolved imaging applications. Here we show that the interference between an emitter and its image dipole induces a strong polarization anisotropy and a large spatial displacement of the observed emission pattern. We demonstrate these effects by tracking the emission of a single quantum dot along two orthogonal polarizations as it is deterministically positioned near a silver nanowire. The two orthogonally polarized diffraction spots can be displaced by up to 50 nm, which arises from a Young’s interference effect between the quantum dot and its induced image dipole. We show that the observed spatially varying interference fringe provides a useful measure for correcting image-dipole-induced distortions. These results provide a pathway towards probing and correcting image-dipole effects in near-field imaging applications. An emitter near a surface induces an image dipole that alters the emission pattern and creates errors in single-particle imaging applications. Here, Ropp et al. show that an image dipole can distort the polarization and measured position of an emitter, and that these distortions can be corrected.
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13
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Kitahama Y, Araki D, Yamamoto YS, Itoh T, Ozaki Y. Different behaviour of molecules in dark SERS state on colloidal Ag nanoparticles estimated by truncated power law analysis of blinking SERS. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:21204-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05070c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Power law analysis of blinking SERS can estimate the behaviour of thiacyanine in dark SERS state on the Ag surface with a large or small amount of citrate anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Kitahama
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Sanda
- Japan
| | - Daichi Araki
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Sanda
- Japan
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- Faculty of Engineering
- Kagawa University
- Takamatsu
- Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Tamitake Itoh
- Nano-bioanalysis Research Group
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu
- Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Sanda
- Japan
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14
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Ertsgaard CT, McKoskey RM, Rich IS, Lindquist NC. Dynamic placement of plasmonic hotspots for super-resolution surface-enhanced Raman scattering. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10941-10946. [PMID: 25268457 DOI: 10.1021/nn504776b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate dynamic placement of locally enhanced plasmonic fields using holographic laser illumination of a silver nanohole array. To visualize these focused "hotspots", the silver surface was coated with various biological samples for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) imaging. Due to the large field enhancements, blinking behavior of the SERS hotspots was observed and processed using a stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy algorithm enabling super-resolution localization of the hotspots to within 10 nm. These hotspots were then shifted across the surface in subwavelength (<100 nm for a wavelength of 660 nm) steps using holographic illumination from a spatial light modulator. This created a dynamic imaging and sensing surface, whereas static illumination would only have produced stationary hotspots. Using this technique, we also show that such subwavelength shifting and localization of plasmonic hotspots has potential for imaging applications. Interestingly, illuminating the surface with randomly shifting SERS hotspots was sufficient to completely fill in a wide field of view for super-resolution chemical imaging.
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15
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Christensen T, Yan W, Raza S, Jauho AP, Mortensen NA, Wubs M. Nonlocal response of metallic nanospheres probed by light, electrons, and atoms. ACS NANO 2014; 8:1745-1758. [PMID: 24437380 DOI: 10.1021/nn406153k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by recent measurements on individual metallic nanospheres that cannot be explained with traditional classical electrodynamics, we theoretically investigate the effects of nonlocal response by metallic nanospheres in three distinct settings: atomic spontaneous emission, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and light scattering. These constitute two near-field and one far-field measurements, with zero-, one-, and two-dimensional excitation sources, respectively. We search for the clearest signatures of hydrodynamic pressure waves in nanospheres. We employ a linearized hydrodynamic model, and Mie-Lorenz theory is applied for each case. Nonlocal response shows its mark in all three configurations, but for the two near-field measurements, we predict especially pronounced nonlocal effects that are not exhibited in far-field measurements. Associated with every multipole order is not only a single blueshifted surface plasmon but also an infinite series of bulk plasmons that have no counterpart in a local-response approximation. We show that these increasingly blueshifted multipole plasmons become spectrally more prominent at shorter probe-to-surface separations and for decreasing nanosphere radii. For selected metals, we predict hydrodynamic multipolar plasmons to be measurable on single nanospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Christensen
- Department of Photonics Engineering, ‡Center for Nanostructured Graphene, §Center for Electron Nanoscopy, and ⊥Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Roxworthy BJ, Toussaint KC. Simultaneously tuning the electric and magnetic plasmonic response using capped bi-metallic nanoantennas. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:2270-2274. [PMID: 24407278 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr05536a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel, capped bowtie nanoantenna capable of achieving simultaneous enhancement of electric and magnetic fields in a broad spectrum spanning visible to near-infrared frequencies. By controlling parameters including nanoantenna array spacing, cap thickness, and bowtie gap spacing, we show magnetic enhancements in excess of 3000 times the incident field, which are among the highest values reported to date. Further, electric field enhancements >10(4) are obtained across the full parameter range. This is in contrast to diabolo antenna designs that achieve strong magnetic enhancement at the expense of mitigating the electrical resonance. We further show that this architecture achieves refractive index sensitivities of ∼700 nm RIU(-1). The combination of large, tunable electric and magnetic-field enhancements makes the capped-nanoantenna platform highly attractive for magnetic plasmonics, metamaterial engineering, nonlinear optics, and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Roxworthy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Wilson AJ, Willets KA. Visualizing site-specific redox potentials on the surface of plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates with superlocalization SERS microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:939-45. [PMID: 24460095 DOI: 10.1021/nl404347a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we demonstrate site-specific redox potentials for Nile Blue adsorbed to Ag nanoparticle electrodes using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) superlocalization microscopy. Nile Blue is electrochemically modulated between its oxidized and reduced form, which can be optically read out through a corresponding gain or loss in SERS intensity. SERS emission centroids are calculated by fitting the diffraction-limited SERS emission to a two-dimensional Gaussian to determine the approximate location of the emitter with 5-10 nm precision. With molecular coverage above the single molecule level, the SERS centroid trajectories shift reversibly with applied potential over multiple reduction and oxidation cycles. A mechanism is proposed to explain the centroid trajectories based on site-specific redox potentials on the nanoparticle electrode surface, where the first molecule reduced is the last to be oxidized, consistent with reversible electrochemical behavior of redox probes adsorbed to electrode surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Abstract
Super-resolution imaging defeats the diffraction-limit of light, allowing the spatial origin and intensity of SERS signals to be determined with <5 nm resolution.
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Zhang D, Zhu M, Zhu L, Xu Q, Chen J. Controlling the polarization orientation of highly confined and enhanced surface plasmon polaritons. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11699b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We show the manipulation of the overall polarization orientation of the enhanced and confined surface plasmon polaritons near the nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System
- Ministry of Education
- Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
| | - Mengjun Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System
- Ministry of Education
- Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
| | - Linwei Zhu
- School of Physics and Optical-Electrical Engineering
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025, China
| | - Qinfeng Xu
- School of Physics
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing, China
| | - Jiannong Chen
- School of Physics and Optical-Electrical Engineering
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025, China
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Wei H, Xu H. Hot spots in different metal nanostructures for plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:10794-805. [PMID: 24113688 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02924g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanostructures are able to concentrate light into small volumes, which enhances greatly the local electromagnetic (EM) field near the metal nanostructures. The areas with greatly enhanced EM field become "hot spots" for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which utilizes the field enhancement properties of metal nanostructures to amplify the usually weak Raman scattering signals. The preparation of metal nanostructures with superior SERS performances is one of the main topics in the SERS field and is important for the applications of SERS in sensing and analysis. In this feature article, we review several different kinds of metal structures for SERS, including coupled metal nanostructures, nanostructure arrays, nano/micro structures with textured surfaces and graphene-mediated SERS substrates. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) using the metal tip of the scanning tunneling microscope is also discussed. Besides the intensity enhancement in SERS and TERS, some less studied aspects are highlighted; for example, the remote excitation technique, tuning the nanogap of gold nanorod dimers through strain control on an elastomeric substrate, manipulating Raman emission polarization using asymmetric nanoantennas, and investigating plasmon-enhanced chemical reactions by TERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Box 603-146, Beijing 100190, China.
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Willets KA. New Tools for Investigating Electromagnetic Hot Spots in Single‐Molecule Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3186-95. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Willets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Welch Hall 1.202,105 E 24th ST, A5300, Austin TX 78712 (USA), Fax: (+1) 512‐471‐0985
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