1
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Cai S, Ma Z, Ge Z, Yang W. Recent advances in optically induced di-electrophoresis and its biomedical applications. Biomed Microdevices 2022; 24:22. [PMID: 35689721 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-022-00620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The development of the micro/nano science and technology has promoted the evolvement of human civilization tremendously. The advancement of the micro/nano science and technology highly depends on the progress of the micro/nano manipulation techniques, and the micro/nano-scaled manipulation level is the critical sign of the micro/nano science and technology. This review, aimed at the demand and the challenge of the micro/nano material and biomedical fields and related to the scientific issues and implementation techniques of the optically induced di-electrophoresis (ODEP). We explained its working principle, manipulating method, and influencing factors of ODEP force to a certain extent. A number of application fields based-ODEP technology and specific applications so far are summarized and reviewed. Finally, some perspectives are provided on current development trends, future research directions, and challenges of ODEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Cai
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Zhixing Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wenguang Yang
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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2
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Fan W, Xiong Q, Ge Y, liu T, Zeng S, Zhao J. Identifying the grade of bladder cancer cells using microfluidic chips based on impedance. Analyst 2022; 147:1722-1729. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer diagnosis is made by microfluidic chip based-on impedance analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Xiong
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
| | - Ting liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuxiong Zeng
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
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3
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Hughes MP, Kruchek EJ, Beale AD, Kitcatt SJ, Qureshi S, Trott ZP, Charbonnel O, Agbaje PA, Henslee EA, Dorey RA, Lewis R, Labeed FH. V m-related extracellular potentials observed in red blood cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19446. [PMID: 34593849 PMCID: PMC8484267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Even in nonexcitable cells, the membrane potential Vm is fundamental to cell function, with roles from ion channel regulation, development, to cancer metastasis. Vm arises from transmembrane ion concentration gradients; standard models assume homogeneous extracellular and intracellular ion concentrations, and that Vm only exists across the cell membrane and has no significance beyond it. Using red blood cells, we show that this is incorrect, or at least incomplete; Vm is detectable beyond the cell surface, and modulating Vm produces quantifiable and consistent changes in extracellular potential. Evidence strongly suggests this is due to capacitive coupling between Vm and the electrical double layer, rather than molecular transporters. We show that modulating Vm changes the extracellular ion composition, mimicking the behaviour if voltage-gated ion channels in non-excitable channels. We also observed Vm-synchronised circadian rhythms in extracellular potential, with significant implications for cell–cell interactions and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pycraft Hughes
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Emily J Kruchek
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Andrew D Beale
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.,MRC Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Stephen J Kitcatt
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Sara Qureshi
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Zachary P Trott
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Oriane Charbonnel
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.,School of Engineering, École Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134, Écully, France
| | - Paul A Agbaje
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Erin A Henslee
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.,Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, 55 Vine St, Wake Downtown, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Robert A Dorey
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Rebecca Lewis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Fatima H Labeed
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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4
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Dielectrophoresis as a Tool to Reveal the Potential Role of Ion Channels and Early Electrophysiological Changes in Osteoarthritis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12080949. [PMID: 34442571 PMCID: PMC8402151 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) are commonly characterized at the molecular scale by gene expression and subsequent protein production; likewise, the effects of pharmaceutical interventions are typically characterized by the effects of molecular interactions. However, these phenomena are usually preceded by numerous precursor steps, many of which involve significant ion influx or efflux. As a consequence, rapid assessment of cell electrophysiology could play a significant role in unravelling the mechanisms underlying drug interactions and progression of diseases, such as OA. In this study, we used dielectrophoresis (DEP), a technique that allows rapid, label-free determination of the dielectric parameters to assess the role of potassium ions on the dielectric characteristics of chondrocytes, and to investigate the electrophysiological differences between healthy chondrocytes and those from an in vitro arthritic disease model. Our results showed that DEP was able to detect a significant decrease in membrane conductance (6191 ± 738 vs. 8571 ± 1010 S/m2), membrane capacitance (10.3 ± 1.47 vs. 14.5 ± 0.01 mF/m2), and whole cell capacitance (5.4 ± 0.7 vs. 7.5 ± 0.3 pF) following inhibition of potassium channels using 10 mM tetraethyl ammonium, compared to untreated healthy chondrocytes. Moreover, cells from the OA model had a different response to DEP force in comparison to healthy cells; this was seen in terms of both a decreased membrane conductivity (782 S/m2 vs. 1139 S/m2) and a higher whole cell capacitance (9.58 ± 3.4 vs. 3.7 ± 1.3 pF). The results show that DEP offers a high throughput method, capable of detecting changes in membrane electrophysiological properties and differences between disease states.
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5
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Mahesh K, Varma M, Sen P. Double-peak signal features in microfluidic impedance flow cytometry enable sensitive measurement of cell membrane capacitance. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4296-4309. [PMID: 33094786 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00744g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The probing of individual cells at specific frequency regimes in a microfluidic impedance flow cytometer led to the observation of unusual "double peak" features in the reactive component of the resulting signal. The phenomenon was restricted to the lower frequencies (400-800 kHz) of the β-dispersion regime and its occurrence was facilitated by the co-planar microelectrode geometry in the device. To understand the reasons for this anomalous behaviour, the system was modelled using COMSOL. The simulated model agreed well with experimental observations and provided insight into the origins of this signal profile and the effect of various parameters on its behaviour. One of the most significant observations of this study was the high sensitivity of the features in the "double peak" profile to changes in cell membrane capacitance (CMC), compared to conventional "single peaks" of reactive impedance. This was consequently exploited to accurately distinguish populations of normal and glutaraldehyde treated erythrocytes based on variations in their CMC, indicating a drastic decrease in the CMC of treated cells. Additionally, we demonstrate the applicability of using this double peak effect to identify cell populations within a mixture of PBMCs. This study is an improvement over conventional approaches of measuring CMC via impedance flow cytometry by enabling the measurement of both cell size and cell membrane properties at a single frequency rather than using multiple frequencies. Using a single frequency significantly simplifies the system and reduces the associated costs. Additionally, this technique enables the measurement of CMC at relatively low frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Mahesh
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Manoj Varma
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India. and Robert Bosch Centre for Cyber Physical Systems (RBCCPS), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Prosenjit Sen
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India.
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6
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Henslee EA. Review: Dielectrophoresis in cell characterization. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1915-1930. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin A. Henslee
- Department of Engineering Wake Forest University 455 Vine St. Winston‐Salem USA
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7
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Habibi S, Joshi PU, Mi X, Heldt CL, Minerick AR. Changes in Membrane Dielectric Properties of Porcine Kidney Cells Provide Insight into the Antiviral Activity of Glycine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8344-8356. [PMID: 32614601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability to monitor the status and progression of viral infections is important for development and screening of new antiviral drugs. Previous research illustrated that the osmolyte glycine (Gly) reduced porcine parvovirus (PPV) infection in porcine kidney (PK-13) cells by stabilizing the capsid protein and preventing virus capsid assembly into viable virus particles. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) was examined herein as a noninvasive, electric field- and frequency-dependent tool for real-time monitoring of PK-13 cell responses to obtain information about membrane barrier functionality and polarization. DEP responses of PK-13 cells were compared to those of PPV-infected cells in the absence and presence of the osmolyte glycine. With infection progression, PK-13 DEP spectra shifted toward lower frequencies, reducing crossover frequencies (fCO). The spherical single-shell model was used to extract PK-13 cell dielectric properties. Upon PPV infection, specific membrane capacitance increased over the time progression of virus attachment, penetration, and capsid protein production and assembly. Following glycine treatment, the DEP spectra displayed attenuated fCO and specific membrane capacitance values shifted back toward uninfected PK-13 cell values. These results suggest that DEP can be used to noninvasively monitor the viral infection cycle and screen antiviral compounds. DEP can augment traditional tools by elucidating membrane polarization changes related to drug mechanisms that interrupt the virus infection cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Habibi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Pratik U Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Xue Mi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Caryn L Heldt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Adrienne R Minerick
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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8
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Liang W, Yang X, Wang J, Wang Y, Yang W, Liu L. Determination of Dielectric Properties of Cells using AC Electrokinetic-based Microfluidic Platform: A Review of Recent Advances. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E513. [PMID: 32438680 PMCID: PMC7281274 DOI: 10.3390/mi11050513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell dielectric properties, a type of intrinsic property of cells, can be used as electrophysiological biomarkers that offer a label-free way to characterize cell phenotypes and states, purify clinical samples, and identify target cancer cells. Here, we present a review of the determination of cell dielectric properties using alternating current (AC) electrokinetic-based microfluidic mechanisms, including electro-rotation (ROT) and dielectrophoresis (DEP). The review covers theoretically how ROT and DEP work to extract cell dielectric properties. We also dive into the details of differently structured ROT chips, followed by a discussion on the determination of cell dielectric properties and the use of these properties in bio-related applications. Additionally, the review offers a look at the future challenges facing the AC electrokinetic-based microfluidic platform in terms of acquiring cell dielectric parameters. Our conclusion is that this platform will bring biomedical and bioengineering sciences to the next level and ultimately achieve the shift from lab-oriented research to real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China; (X.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Xieliu Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China; (X.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Junhai Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China; (X.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Yuechao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
| | - Wenguang Yang
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;
| | - Lianqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
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9
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Can Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and BMI be a Prognostic Tool in Head and Neck Cancer Patients? A Review of the Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030557. [PMID: 32121058 PMCID: PMC7139769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition can significantly affect disease progression and patient survival. The efficiency of weight loss and bioimpedance analysis (BIA)-derived measures in the evaluation of malnutrition, and disease progression and prognosis in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) are an important area of research. Method: The PubMed database was thoroughly searched, using relative keywords in order to identify clinical trials that investigated the role of BIA-derived measures and weight loss on the disease progression and prognosis of patients with HNC. Twenty-seven studies met the criteria. More specifically, six studies examined the prognostic role of the tissue electrical properties in HNC patients; five examined the role of the tissue electrical properties on identifying malnutrition; four studies looked at the changes in the tissue electrical properties of HNC patients; and 12 examined the prognostic role of weight loss on survival and/or treatment outcomes. Results: Several studies have investigated the role of nutritional status tools on prognosis in HNC patients. Current studies investigating the potential of BIA-derived raw data have shown that phase angle (PA) and capacitance of the cell membrane may be considered prognostic factors of survival. Weight loss may be a prognostic factor for treatment toxicity and survival, despite some conflicting evidence. Conclusions: Further studies are recommended to clarify the role of BIA-derived measures on patients’ nutritional status and the impact of PA on clinical outcomes as well as the prognostic role of weight loss.
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10
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Ten-Second Electrophysiology: Evaluation of the 3DEP Platform for high-speed, high-accuracy cell analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19153. [PMID: 31844107 PMCID: PMC6915758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical correlates of the physiological state of a cell, such as membrane conductance and capacitance, as well as cytoplasm conductivity, contain vital information about cellular function, ion transport across the membrane, and propagation of electrical signals. They are, however, difficult to measure; gold-standard techniques are typically unable to measure more than a few cells per day, making widespread adoption difficult and limiting statistical reproducibility. We have developed a dielectrophoretic platform using a disposable 3D electrode geometry that accurately (r2 > 0.99) measures mean electrical properties of populations of ~20,000 cells, by taking parallel ensemble measurements of cells at 20 frequencies up to 45 MHz, in (typically) ten seconds. This allows acquisition of ultra-high-resolution (100-point) DEP spectra in under two minutes. Data acquired from a wide range of cells – from platelets to large cardiac cells - benchmark well with patch-clamp-data. These advantages are collectively demonstrated in a longitudinal (same-animal) study of rapidly-changing phenomena such as ultradian (2–3 hour) rhythmicity in whole blood samples of the common vole (Microtus arvalis), taken from 10 µl tail-nick blood samples and avoiding sacrifice of the animal that is typically required in these studies.
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11
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Thermal Shock Response of Yeast Cells Characterised by Dielectrophoresis Force Measurement. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19235304. [PMID: 31810237 PMCID: PMC6928774 DOI: 10.3390/s19235304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis is an electric force experienced by particles subjected to non-uniform electric fields. Recently, several technologies have been developed focused on the use of dielectrophoretic force (DEP) to manipulate and detect cells. On the other hand, there is no such great development in the field of DEP-based cell discrimination methods. Despite the demand for methods to differentiate biological cell states, most DEP developed methods have been focused on differentiation through geometric parameters. The novelty of the present work relies upon the point that a DEP force cell measurement is used as a discrimination method, capable of detecting heat killed yeast cells from the alive ones. Thermal treatment is used as an example of different biological state of cells. It comes from the fact that biological properties have their reflection in the electric properties of the particle, in this case a yeast cell. To demonstrate such capability of the method, 279 heat-killed cells were measured and compared with alive cells data from the literature. For each cell, six speeds were taken at different points in its trajectory inside a variable non-uniform electric field. The electric parameters in cell wall conductivity, cell membrane conductivity, cell membrane permittivity of the yeast cell from bibliography explains the DEP experimental force measured. Finally, alive and heat-treated cells were distinguished based on that measure. Our results can be explained through the well-known damage of cell structure characteristics of heat-killed cells.
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12
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Characterization of Simple and Double Yeast Cells Using Dielectrophoretic Force Measurement. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19173813. [PMID: 31484453 PMCID: PMC6749354 DOI: 10.3390/s19173813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoretic force is an electric force experienced by particles subjected to non-uniform electric fields. In recent years, plenty of dielectrophoretic force (DEP) applications have been developed. Most of these works have been centered on particle positioning and manipulation. DEP particle characterization has been left in the background. Likewise, these characterizations have studied the electric properties of particles from a qualitative point of view. This article focuses on the quantitative measurement of cells’ dielectric force, specifically yeast cells. The measures are obtained as the results of a theoretical model and an instrumental method, both of which are developed and described in the present article, based on a dielectrophoretic chamber made of two V-shaped placed electrodes. In this study, 845 cells were measured. For each one, six speeds were taken at different points in its trajectory. Furthermore, the chamber design is repeatable, and this was the first time that measurements of dielectrophoretic force and cell velocity for double yeast cells were accomplished. To validate the results obtained in the present research, the results have been compared with the dielectric properties of yeast cells collected in the pre-existing literature.
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Ren X, Ghassemi P, Strobl JS, Agah M. Biophysical phenotyping of cells via impedance spectroscopy in parallel cyclic deformability channels. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2019; 13:044103. [PMID: 31341524 PMCID: PMC6639115 DOI: 10.1063/1.5099269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a new microfluidic biosensor with capabilities of studying single cell biophysical properties. The chip contains four parallel sensing channels, where each channel includes two constriction regions separated by a relaxation region. All channels share a pair of electrodes to record the electrical impedance. Single cell impedance magnitudes and phases at different frequencies were obtained. The deformation and transition time information of cells passing through two sequential constriction regions were gained from the time points on impedance magnitude variations. Constriction channels separated by relaxation regions have been proven to improve the sensitivity of distinguishing single cells. The relaxation region between two sequential constriction channels provides extra time stamps that can be identified in the impedance plots. The new chip allows simultaneous measurement of the biophysical attributes of multiple cells in different channels, thereby increasing the overall throughput of the chip. Using the biomechanical parameters represented by the time stamps in the impedance results, breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and the normal epithelial cells (MCF-10A) could be distinguished by 85%. The prediction accuracy at the single-cell level reached 97% when both biomechanical and bioelectrical parameters were utilized. While the new label-free assay has been tested to distinguish between normal and cancer cells, its application can be extended to include cell-drug interactions and circulating tumor cell detection in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Masoud Agah
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Telephone: (540) 231-2653
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14
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Alinezhadbalalami N, Douglas TA, Balani N, Verbridge SS, Davalos RV. The feasibility of using dielectrophoresis for isolation of glioblastoma subpopulations with increased stemness. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:2592-2600. [PMID: 31127957 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are aggressive subpopulations with increased stem-like properties. CSCs are usually resistant to most standard therapies and are responsible for tumor repropagation. Similar to normal stem cells, isolation of CSCs is challenging due to the lack of reliable markers. Antigen-based sorting of CSCs usually requires staining with multiple markers, making the experiments complicated, expensive, and sometimes unreliable. Here, we study the feasibility of using dielectrophoresis (DEP) for isolation of glioblastoma cells with increased stemness. We culture a glioblastoma cell line in the form of neurospheres as an in vitro model for glioblastoma stem cells. We demonstrate that spheroid forming cells have higher expression of stem cell marker, nestin. Next, we show that dielectric properties of neurospheres change as a result of changing culture conditions. Our results indicate that spheroid forming cells need higher voltages to experience the same DEP force magnitude compared to normal monolayer cultures of glioblastoma cell line. This study confirms the possibility of using DEP to isolate glioblastoma stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Alinezhadbalalami
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Lab, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Laboratory of Integrative Tumor Ecology, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Temple A Douglas
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Lab, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Nikita Balani
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Lab, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Scott S Verbridge
- Laboratory of Integrative Tumor Ecology, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Bioelectromechanical Systems Lab, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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15
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Afshar S, Salimi E, Fazelkhah A, Braasch K, Mishra N, Butler M, Thomson DJ, Bridges GE. Progression of change in membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity of cells during controlled starvation using dual-frequency DEP cytometry. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1059:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Sukowati CHC, Anfuso B, Fiore E, Ie SI, Raseni A, Vascotto F, Avellini C, Mazzolini G, Tiribelli C. Hyaluronic acid inhibition by 4-methylumbelliferone reduces the expression of cancer stem cells markers during hepatocarcinogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4026. [PMID: 30858465 PMCID: PMC6411988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan of extracellular matrix related to cell surface which interacts with various cell types. To understand the role of HA during hepatocarcinogenesis, we assessed the effect of the inhibition of HA deposition and its association with heterogeneous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In this study, we used transgenic mice C57BL/6J-Tg(Alb1HBV)44Bri/J (HBV-TG) and normal C57BL/6 J (WT) for in vivo study, while HCC cells Huh7 and JHH6 as in vitro models. Both models were treated with an HA inhibitor 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU). We observed that 4MU treatments in animal model down-regulated the mRNA expressions of HA-related genes Has3 and Hyal2 only in HBV-TG but not in normal WT. As observed in vivo, in HCC cell lines, the HAS2 mRNA expression was down-regulated in Huh7 while HAS3 in JHH6, both with or without the presence of extrinsic HA. Interestingly, in both models, the expressions of various cancer stem cells (CD44, CD90, CD133, and EpCAM) were also decreased. Further, histological analysis showed that 4MU treatment with dose 25 mg/kg/day reduced fibrosis, inflammation, and steatosis in vivo, in addition to be pro-apoptotic. We concluded that the inhibition of HA reduced the expressions of HA-related genes and stem cells markers in both models, indicating a possible modulation of cells-to-cells and cells-to-matrix interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caecilia H C Sukowati
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, SS14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy. .,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale M. Kolbe 1, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Anfuso
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, SS14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Esteban Fiore
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500, B1629ODT, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susan I Ie
- Laboratory of Hepatitis and Emerging Diseases, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jl. Diponegoro 69, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alan Raseni
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - Institute for Research and Health Care Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria, 65, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvia Vascotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - Institute for Research and Health Care Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria, 65, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Avellini
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Avenida Presidente Perón 1500, B1629ODT, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, SS14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
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17
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Wang K, Chang CC, Chiu TK, Zhao X, Chen D, Chou WP, Zhao Y, Wang HM, Wang J, Wu MH, Chen J. Membrane capacitance of thousands of single white blood cells. J R Soc Interface 2018; 14:rsif.2017.0717. [PMID: 29212758 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As label-free biomarkers, the electrical properties of single cells are widely used for cell type classification and cellular status evaluation. However, as intrinsic cellular electrical markers, previously reported membrane capacitances (e.g. specific membrane capacitance Cspec and total membrane capacitance Cmem) of white blood cells were derived from tens of single cells, lacking statistical significance due to low cell numbers. In this study, white blood cells were first separated into granulocytes and lymphocytes by density gradient centrifugation and were then aspirated through a microfluidic constriction channel to characterize both Cspec and Cmem Thousands of granulocytes (ncell = 3327) and lymphocytes (ncell = 3302) from 10 healthy blood donors were characterized, resulting in Cspec values of 1.95 ± 0.22 µF cm-2 versus 2.39 ± 0.39 µF cm-2 and Cmem values of 6.81 ± 1.09 pF versus 4.63 ± 0.57 pF. Statistically significant differences between granulocytes and lymphocytes were located for both Cspec and Cmem In addition, neural network-based pattern recognition was used to classify white blood cells, producing successful classification rates of 78.1% for Cspec and 91.3% for Cmem, respectively. These results indicate that as intrinsic bioelectrical markers, membrane capacitances may contribute to the classification of white blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Chieh Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Keng Chiu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Pin Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hung-Ming Wang
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China .,Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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18
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Catterton MA, Dunn AF, Pompano RR. User-defined local stimulation of live tissue through a movable microfluidic port. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:2003-2012. [PMID: 29904762 PMCID: PMC6039252 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00204e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Many in vivo tissue responses begin locally, yet most in vitro stimuli are delivered globally. Microfluidics has a unique ability to provide focal stimulation to tissue samples with precise control over fluid location, flow rate, and composition. However, previous devices utilizing fixed ports beneath the tissue required manual alignment of the tissue over the ports, increasing the risk of mechanical damage. Here we present a novel microfluidic device that allows the user to define the location of fluid delivery to a living tissue slice without manipulating the tissue itself. The device utilized a two-component SlipChip design to create a mobile port beneath the tissue slice. A culture chamber perforated by an array of ports housed a tissue slice and was separated by a layer of fluorocarbon oil from a single delivery port, fed by a microfluidic channel in the movable layer below. We derived and validated a physical model, based on interfacial tension and flow resistance, to predict the conditions under which fluid delivery occurred without leakage into the gap between layers. Aqueous solution was delivered reproducibly to samples of tissue and gel, and the width of the delivery region was controlled primarily by convection. Tissue slice viability was not affected by stimulation on the device. As a proof-of-principle, we showed that live slices of lymph node tissue could be sequentially targeted for precise stimulation. In the future this device may serve as a platform to study the effects of fluid flow in tissues and to perform local drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Catterton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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19
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20
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Sabuncu AC, Shen J, Zaki MH, Beskok A. Changes in the dielectric spectra of murine colon during neoplastic progression. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aaad81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Liang W, Zhao Y, Liu L, Wang Y, Li WJ, Lee GB. Determination of Cell Membrane Capacitance and Conductance via Optically Induced Electrokinetics. Biophys J 2017; 113:1531-1539. [PMID: 28978446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane capacitance and conductance are key pieces of intrinsic information correlated with the cellular dielectric parameters and morphology of the plasma membrane; these parameters have been used as electrophysiological biomarkers to characterize cellular phenotype and state, and they have many associated clinical applications. Here, we present our work on the non-invasive determination of cell membrane capacitance and conductance by an optically activated microfluidics chip. The model for determining the cell membrane capacitance and conductance was established by a single layer of the shell-core polarization model. Three-dimensional finite-element analyses of the positive and negative optically induced dielectrophoresis forces generated by the projected light arrays of spots were performed, thus providing a theoretical validation of the feasibility of this approach. Then, the crossover frequency spectra for four typical types of cells (Raji cells, MCF-7 cells, HEK293 cells, and K562 cells) were experimentally investigated by using a micro-vision based motion-tracking technique. The different responses of these cells to the positive and negative ODEP forces were studied under four different liquid conductivities by automatic observation and tracking of the cellular trajectory and texture during the cells' translation. The cell membrane capacitance and conductance were determined from the curve-fitted spectra, which were 11.1 ± 0.9 mF/m2 and 782 ± 32 S/m2, respectively, for Raji cells, 11.5 ± 0.8 mF/m2 and 114 ± 28 S/m2 for MCF-7 cells, 9.0 ± 0.9 mF/m2 and 187 ± 22 S/m2 for HEK293 cells, and 10.2 ± 0.7 mF/m2 and 879 ± 24 S/m2 for K562 cells. Furthermore, as an application of this technique, the membrane capacitances of MCF-7 cells treated with four different concentrations of drugs were acquired. This technique introduces a determination of cell membrane capacitance and conductance that yields statistically significant data while allowing information from individual cells to be obtained in a non-invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Lianqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yuechao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen Jung Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China; Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Gwo-Bin Lee
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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22
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Farashi S. Interaction between pancreatic β cell and electromagnetic fields: A systematic study toward finding the natural frequency spectrum of β cell system. Electromagn Biol Med 2017; 36:341-356. [PMID: 29087732 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2017.1389751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Interaction between biological systems and environmental electric or magnetic fields has gained attention during the past few decades. Although there are a lot of studies that have been conducted for investigating such interaction, the reported results are considerably inconsistent. Besides the complexity of biological systems, the important reason for such inconsistent results may arise due to different excitation protocols that have been applied in different experiments. In order to investigate carefully the way that external electric or magnetic fields interact with a biological system, the parameters of excitation, such as intensity or frequency, should be selected purposefully due to the influence of these parameters on the system response. In this study, pancreatic β cell, the main player of blood glucose regulating system, is considered and the study is focused on finding the natural frequency spectrum of the system using modeling approach. Natural frequencies of a system are important characteristics of the system when external excitation is applied. The result of this study can help researchers to select proper frequency parameter for electrical excitation of β cell system. The results show that there are two distinct frequency ranges for natural frequency of β cell system, which consist of extremely low (or near zero) and 100-750 kHz frequency ranges. There are experimental works on β cell exposure to electromagnetic fields that support such finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Farashi
- a Faculty of Medicine , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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23
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Abd Rahman N, Ibrahim F, Yafouz B. Dielectrophoresis for Biomedical Sciences Applications: A Review. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17030449. [PMID: 28245552 PMCID: PMC5375735 DOI: 10.3390/s17030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a label-free, accurate, fast, low-cost diagnostic technique that uses the principles of polarization and the motion of bioparticles in applied electric fields. This technique has been proven to be beneficial in various fields, including environmental research, polymer research, biosensors, microfluidics, medicine and diagnostics. Biomedical science research is one of the major research areas that could potentially benefit from DEP technology for diverse applications. Nevertheless, many medical science research investigations have yet to benefit from the possibilities offered by DEP. This paper critically reviews the fundamentals, recent progress, current challenges, future directions and potential applications of research investigations in the medical sciences utilizing DEP technique. This review will also act as a guide and reference for medical researchers and scientists to explore and utilize the DEP technique in their research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhaslina Abd Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Fatimah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Bashar Yafouz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Taiz University, 6803 Taiz, Yemen.
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24
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Zhao Y, Liu Q, Sun H, Chen D, Li Z, Fan B, George J, Xue C, Cui Z, Wang J, Chen J. Electrical Property Characterization of Neural Stem Cells in Differentiation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158044. [PMID: 27341032 PMCID: PMC4920408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical property characterization of stem cells could be utilized as a potential label-free biophysical approach to evaluate the differentiation process. However, there has been a lack of technology or tools that can quantify the intrinsic cellular electrical markers (e.g., specific membrane capacitance (Cspecific membrane) and cytoplasm conductivity (σcytoplasm)) for a large amount of stem cells or differentiated cells. In this paper, a microfluidic platform enabling the high-throughput quantification of Cspecific membrane and σcytoplasm from hundreds of single neural stem cells undergoing differentiation was developed to explore the feasibility to characterize the neural stem cell differentiation process without biochemical staining. Experimental quantification using biochemical markers (e.g., Nestin, Tubulin and GFAP) of neural stem cells confirmed the initiation of the differentiation process featured with gradual loss in cellular stemness and increased cell markers for neurons and glial cells. The recorded electrical properties of neural stem cells undergoing differentiation showed distinctive and unique patterns: 1) in the suspension culture before inducing differentiation, a large distribution and difference in σcytoplasm among individual neural stem cells was noticed, which indicated heterogeneity that may result from the nature of suspension culture of neurospheres; and 2) during the differentiation in adhering monolayer culture, significant changes and a large difference in Cspecific membrane were located indicating different expressions of membrane proteins during the differentiation process, and a small distribution difference in σcytoplasm was less significant that indicated the relatively consistent properties of cytoplasm during the culture. In summary, significant differences in Cspecific membrane and σcytoplasm were observed during the neural stem cell differentiation process, which may potentially be used as label-free biophysical markers to monitor this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qingxi Liu
- Tianjin Weikai Bioeng Ltd., Tianjin, P.R. China
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - He Sun
- Tianjin Weikai Bioeng Ltd., Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Beiyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Julian George
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chengcheng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JW); (JC)
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (JW); (JC)
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25
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Zhao Y, Jiang M, Chen D, Zhao X, Xue C, Hao R, Yue W, Wang J, Chen J. Single-Cell Electrical Phenotyping Enabling the Classification of Mouse Tumor Samples. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19487. [PMID: 26766416 PMCID: PMC4725910 DOI: 10.1038/srep19487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell electrical phenotyping (e.g., specific membrane capacitance (Cm) and cytoplasm conductivity (σp)) has long been regarded as potential label-free biophysical markers in tumor status evaluation. However, previous studies only reported the differentiation of tumor cell lines without classifying real tumor samples using cellular electrical properties. In this study, two types of mouse tumor models were constructed by injecting two types of tumor cell lines (A549 and H1299), respectively. Then tumor portions were retrieved for immunohistochemistry studies and single-cell electrical phenotyping based on home-developed microfluidic platforms. Immunohistochemistry results of tumor samples confirmed the adenocarcinoma and large-cell carcinoma characteristics for A549 and H1299 based tumor samples, respectively. Meanwhile, cellular Cm and σp were characterized as 2.25 ± 0.50 μF/cm(2) and 0.96 ± 0.20 S/m for A549 based tumor samples (ncell = 1336, Mouse I, II, III) and 1.76 ± 0.54 μF/cm(2) and 1.35 ± 0.28 S/m for H1299 based tumor samples (ncell = 1442, Mouse IV, V, VI). Significant differences in Cm and σp were observed between these two types of tumor samples, validating the feasibility of using Cm and σp for mouse tumor classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China, 101149
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China, 101149
| | - Chengcheng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Rui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Wentao Yue
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China, 101149
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 100190
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26
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Babahosseini H, Srinivasaraghavan V, Zhao Z, Gillam F, Childress E, Strobl JS, Santos WL, Zhang C, Agah M. The impact of sphingosine kinase inhibitor-loaded nanoparticles on bioelectrical and biomechanical properties of cancer cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:188-98. [PMID: 26607223 PMCID: PMC4756608 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01201e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression and physiological changes within the cells are accompanied by alterations in the biophysical properties. Therefore, the cell biophysical properties can serve as promising markers for cancer detection and physiological activities. To aid in the investigation of the biophysical markers of cells, a microfluidic chip has been developed which consists of a constriction channel and embedded microelectrodes. Single-cell impedance magnitudes at four frequencies and entry and travel times are measured simultaneously during their transit through the constriction channel. This microchip provides a high-throughput, label-free, automated assay to identify biophysical signatures of malignant cells and monitor the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Here, we monitored the dynamic cellular biophysical properties in response to sphingosine kinase inhibitors (SphKIs), and compared the effectiveness of drug delivery using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with SphKIs versus conventional delivery. Cells treated with SphKIs showed significantly higher impedance magnitudes at all four frequencies. The bioelectrical parameters extracted using a model also revealed that the highly aggressive breast cells treated with SphKIs shifted electrically towards that of a less malignant phenotype; SphKI-treated cells exhibited an increase in cell-channel interface resistance and a significant decrease in specific membrane capacitance. Furthermore, SphKI-treated cells became slightly more deformable as measured by a decrease in their channel entry and travel times. We observed no significant difference in the bioelectrical changes produced by SphKI delivered conventionally or with NPs. However, NPs-packaged delivery of SphKI decreased the cell deformability. In summary, this study showed that while the bioelectrical properties of the cells were dominantly affected by SphKIs, the biomechanical properties were mainly changed by the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Babahosseini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - Vaishnavi Srinivasaraghavan
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - Zongmin Zhao
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - Frank Gillam
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | | | - Jeannine S. Strobl
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - Webster L. Santos
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA
| | - Chenming Zhang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - Masoud Agah
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
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27
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Sapkota D, Bruland O, Parajuli H, Osman TA, Teh MT, Johannessen AC, Costea DE. S100A16 promotes differentiation and contributes to a less aggressive tumor phenotype in oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:631. [PMID: 26353754 PMCID: PMC4564982 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Altered expression of S100A16 has been reported in human cancers, but its biological role in tumorigenesis is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and functional role of S100A16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) suppression. Methods S100A16 mRNA and/or protein levels were examined by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in whole- and laser microdissected-specimens of normal human oral mucosa (NHOM, n = 65), oral dysplastic lesions (ODL, n = 21), OSCCs (n = 132) and positive cervical nodes (n = 17). S100A16 protein expression in OSCC was examined for correlations with clinicopathological variables and patient survival. S100A16 was over-expressed and knocked-down in OSCC-derived (CaLH3 and H357) cells by employing retroviral constructs to investigate its effects on cell proliferation, sphere formation and three dimensional (3D)-organotypic invasive abilities in vitro and tumorigenesis in a mouse xenograft model. Results Both S100A16 mRNA and protein levels were found to be progressively down-regulated from NHOM to ODL and OSCC. Low S100A16 protein levels in OSCC significantly correlated with reduced 10-year overall survival and poor tumor differentiation. Analysis of two external OSCC microarray datasets showed a positive correlation between the mRNA expression levels of S100A16 and keratinocyte differentiation markers. CaLH3 and H357 cell fractions enriched for differentiated cells either by lack of adherence to collagen IV or FACS sorting for low p75NTR expression expressed significantly higher S100A16 mRNA levels than the subpopulations enriched for less differentiated cells. Corroborating these findings, retroviral mediated S100A16 over-expression and knock-down in CaLH3 and H357 cells led to respective up- and down-regulation of differentiation markers. In vitro functional studies showed significant reduction in cell proliferation, sphere formation and 3D-invasive abilities of CaLH3 and H357 cells upon S100A16 over-expression. These functional effects were associated with concomitant down-regulation of self-renewal (Bmi-1 and Oct 4A) and invasion related (MMP1 and MMP9) molecules. S100A16 over-expression also suppressed tumorigenesis of H357 cells in a mouse xenograft model and the resulting tumor xenografts displayed features/expression of increased differentiation and reduced proliferation/self-renewal. Conclusions These results indicate that S100A16 is a differentiation promoting protein and might function as a tumor suppressor in OSCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1622-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Sapkota
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ove Bruland
- Center of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Himalaya Parajuli
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Tarig A Osman
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Muy-Teck Teh
- Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, England, UK.
| | - Anne C Johannessen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Daniela Elena Costea
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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Microfluidic impedance flow cytometry enabling high-throughput single-cell electrical property characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:9804-30. [PMID: 25938973 PMCID: PMC4463619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16059804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reviews recent developments in microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for high-throughput electrical property characterization of single cells. Four major perspectives of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for single-cell characterization are included in this review: (1) early developments of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for single-cell electrical property characterization; (2) microfluidic impedance flow cytometry with enhanced sensitivity; (3) microfluidic impedance and optical flow cytometry for single-cell analysis and (4) integrated point of care system based on microfluidic impedance flow cytometry. We examine the advantages and limitations of each technique and discuss future research opportunities from the perspectives of both technical innovation and clinical applications.
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Classification of Cells with Membrane Staining and/or Fixation Based on Cellular Specific Membrane Capacitance and Cytoplasm Conductivity. MICROMACHINES 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/mi6020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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30
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Dielectrophoresis for bioparticle manipulation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18281-309. [PMID: 25310652 PMCID: PMC4227216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As an ideal method to manipulate biological particles, the dielectrophoresis (DEP) technique has been widely used in clinical diagnosis, disease treatment, drug development, immunoassays, cell sorting, etc. This review summarizes the research in the field of bioparticle manipulation based on DEP techniques. Firstly, the basic principle of DEP and its classical theories are introduced in brief; Secondly, a detailed introduction on the DEP technique used for bioparticle manipulation is presented, in which the applications are classified into five fields: capturing bioparticles to specific regions, focusing bioparticles in the sample, characterizing biomolecular interaction and detecting microorganism, pairing cells for electrofusion and separating different kinds of bioparticles; Thirdly, the effect of DEP on bioparticle viability is analyzed; Finally, the DEP techniques are summarized and future trends in bioparticle manipulation are suggested.
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