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El-Gindy YM, Zahran SM, Ahmed MH, Ali AM, Mohamed AZ, Morshedy SAR. Counteract severe heat stress by including different forms of zinc in the rabbit bucks' diet. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12987. [PMID: 37563192 PMCID: PMC10415321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39928-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The harmful influences of global warming on rabbit reproduction and industry attract global attention. Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element with a wide list of functions in the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of different forms of zinc supplementation, as organic (Zn methionine), nano (nano Zn oxide) as indirect way to minimized it impact on environment, and inorganic (Zn sulphate) on physiological parameters, semen quality, anti-oxidative status, hormonal profiles of male rabbits subjected to server heat stress. Thirty-six V-line bucks (6-7 months old, 2842.29 ± 34.46 g weight) were randomly distributed to 4 groups, bucks in 1st group (control group, Con) fed basal diet without Zn supplementation, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups fed basial diet with 30 mg/kg of zinc methionine (Zn-Met), nano zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), and zinc sulphate (Zn-S), respectively for a period of 10 weeks suffered from severe heat stress of environmental ambient temperature (over 32 of temperature humidity index, THI). Semen samples were collected and evaluated for volume, pH, motility, concentration, viability, initial fructose, and seminal plasma antioxidant concentration. Liver, kidney function, hormonal and antioxidant profile were measured in blood serum. The results revealed that, compared to control, all forms of Zn supplementation used significantly improved kidney function (creatinine), serum antioxidant (SOD and CAT), physiological parameters, especially on 1st month of the experiment, and seminal plasma antioxidant (SOD and CAT) of heat stressed bucks. Likewise, semen quality in terms of sperm concentration, sperm viability, and initial fructose enhanced significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by ZnO-NPs supplementation. Zinc methionine supplementation significantly improved liver function and decreased seminal plasma TBARs. Treatments with Zn-Met and ZnO-NPs increased seminal TAC and blood testosterone levels with reduced blood cortisol levels compared to other groups. Severe heat stress could be counteract by inclusion Zn with studied forms Zn-Met and ZnO-NPs at recommended dose (30 mg/kg diet) to improve semen quality and antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassmine Moemen El-Gindy
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Soliman Mohamed Zahran
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hassan Ahmed
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Ali
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asamaa Zaid Mohamed
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sabrin Abdel-Rahman Morshedy
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria, Egypt
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2
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Pardo Z, Lara L, Nieto R, Fernández-Fígares I, Seiquer I. Muscle quality traits and oxidative status of Iberian pigs supplemented with zinc and betaine under heat stress. Meat Sci 2023; 198:109119. [PMID: 36669318 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The study analyzed the effect of supplemental zinc and betaine on meat quality and redox status of muscles (longissimus lumborum and gluteus medius) from heat- stressed pigs. Twenty-four pure Iberian pigs were assigned to one of three treatments (n = 8): control diet, Zn supplemented diet (120 mg/kg) and betaine supplemented diet (5 g/kg) that were all exposed to 30 °C during 28 days. No significant differences were observed in chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the muscles. The Zn diet improved the water retention capacity of longissimus, increased the antioxidant properties (ABTS and FRAP) and the glutathione peroxidase activity, and reduced the level of MDA. No significant effects associated to the betaine diet were observed in quality traits and antioxidant markers of muscles. These findings suggest that Zn supplementation may be used as a nutritional strategy to improve the antioxidant properties of meat of Iberian pigs subjected to heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaira Pardo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Producción Animal Sostenible, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, San Miguel 101, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Lara
- Departamento de Nutrición y Producción Animal Sostenible, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, San Miguel 101, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Nieto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Producción Animal Sostenible, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, San Miguel 101, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández-Fígares
- Departamento de Nutrición y Producción Animal Sostenible, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, San Miguel 101, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Seiquer
- Departamento de Nutrición y Producción Animal Sostenible, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, San Miguel 101, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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3
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Levard C, Le Bars M, Formentini T, Legros S, Doelsch E. Organic waste-borne ZnS nanoparticles: The forgotten ones. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119629. [PMID: 35709918 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Levard
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, 13545, Aix-en-Provence, France.
| | - M Le Bars
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, 13545, Aix-en-Provence, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - T Formentini
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7014, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Legros
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, 18524, Dakar, Senegal; CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - E Doelsch
- Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398, Montpellier, France
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4
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Hu Y, Wang C, Wu W, Qu Y, Zhang W, Li D, Zhu L, Gao F, Wu B, Zhang L, Cui X, Li T, Geng Y, Luo X. Organic zinc with moderate chelation strength enhances zinc absorption in the small intestine and expression of related transporters in the duodenum of broilers. Front Physiol 2022; 13:952941. [PMID: 35936908 PMCID: PMC9355254 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.952941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that the absorption of zinc (Zn) from the organic Zn proteinate with moderate chelation strength was significantly higher than that of Zn from the inorganic Zn sulfate in the in situ ligated duodenal segment of broilers, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effect of organic Zn with moderate chelation strength and inorganic Zn on the Zn absorption in the small intestine and the expression of related transporters in the duodenum of broilers. The Zn-deficient broilers (13 days old) were fed with the Zn-unsupplemented basal diets (control) containing 25.72 and 25.64 mg Zn/kg by analysis or the basal diets supplemented with 60 mg Zn/kg as the Zn sulfate or the Zn proteinate with moderate chelation strength (Zn-Prot M) for 26 days. The results showed that the plasma Zn contents from the hepatic portal vein of broilers at 28 days and 39 days of age were increased (p < 0.05) by Zn addition and greater (p < 0.05) in the Zn-Prot M than in the Zn sulfate. On d 28, Zn addition upregulated (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of zinc transporter 1 (ZnT1), Zrt-irt-like protein 5 (ZIP5), y + L-type amino transporter 2 (y + LAT2) and b0,+-type amino acid transporter (rBAT), zinc transporter 4 (ZnT4) protein expression, and zinc transporter 9 (ZnT9) mRNA and protein expression in the duodenum. Moreover, ZnT9 mRNA expression, ZnT4, ZIP5, and rBAT protein expression, zinc transporter 7 (ZnT7), and y + LAT2 mRNA and protein expression in the duodenum of broilers on 28 days were higher (p < 0.05) in the Zn-Prot M than in the Zn sulfate. On d 39, supplemental Zn increased (p < 0.05) peptide-transporter 1 (PepT1) mRNA expression and y + LAT2 protein expression, while the mRNA expression of ZnT7 and Zrt-irt-like protein 3 (ZIP3) were higher (p < 0.05) for the Zn-Prot M than for the Zn sulfate in the duodenum. It was concluded that the Zn-Prot M enhanced the Zn absorption in the small intestine partially via upregulating the expression of ZnT4, ZnT7, ZnT9, ZIP3, ZIP5, y + LAT2, and rBAT in the duodenum of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chuanlong Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Qu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyun Zhang
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ding Li
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feiyu Gao
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bingxin Wu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cui
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanqiang Geng
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xugang Luo,
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5
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Le Bars M, Legros S, Levard C, Chevassus-Rosset C, Montes M, Tella M, Borschneck D, Guihou A, Angeletti B, Doelsch E. Contrasted fate of zinc sulfide nanoparticles in soil revealed by a combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy, diffusive gradient in thin films and isotope tracing. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118414. [PMID: 34728325 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Incidental zinc sulfide nanoparticles (nano-ZnS) are spread on soils through organic waste (OW) recycling. Here we performed soil incubations with synthetic nano-ZnS (3 nm crystallite size), representative of the form found in OW. We used an original set of techniques to reveal the fate of nano-ZnS in two soils with different properties. 68Zn tracing and nano-DGT were combined during soil incubation to discriminate the available natural Zn from the soil, and the available Zn from the dissolved nano-68ZnS. This combination was crucial to highlight the dissolution of nano-68ZnS as of the third day of incubation. Based on the extended X-ray absorption fine structure, we revealed faster dissolution of nano-ZnS in clayey soil (82% within 1 month) than in sandy soil (2% within 1 month). However, the nano-DGT results showed limited availability of Zn released by nano-ZnS dissolution after 1 month in the clayey soil compared with the sandy soil. These results highlighted: (i) the key role of soil properties for nano-ZnS fate, and (ii) fast dissolution of nano-ZnS in clayey soil. Finally, the higher availability of Zn in the sandy soil despite the lower nano-ZnS dissolution rate is counterintuitive. This study demonstrated that, in addition to nanoparticle dissolution, it is also essential to take the availability of released ions into account when studying the fate of nanoparticles in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Le Bars
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France; UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
| | - Samuel Legros
- Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, 18524, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Clément Levard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Claire Chevassus-Rosset
- UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Montes
- UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Tella
- CIRAD, US Analyses, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Analyses, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Daniel Borschneck
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Abel Guihou
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Bernard Angeletti
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Emmanuel Doelsch
- UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
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6
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Choi YY, Lee SJ, Lee YJ, Kim HS, Eom JS, Kim SC, Kim ET, Lee SS. New challenges for efficient usage of Sargassum fusiforme for ruminant production. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19655. [PMID: 33184385 PMCID: PMC7661511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum fusiforme, which is a type of brown algae, can provide fiber and minerals to ruminant diets. In this study, dried S. fusiforme was tested in vitro at four different doses 1, 3, 5, and 10% of the total ration for its effect on ruminal fermentation characteristics, and gas profiles when incubated for 72 h. At a level of 1 and 10%, S. fusiforme supplementation augmented total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations compared to that with 0% supplementation. In addition, total gas, methane, and carbon dioxide emissions significantly decreased at 3 and 24 h of incubation at this dose. An in situ trial was performed for 72 h with S. fusiforme to evaluate it as a potential feed ingredient by comparing its degradation parameters with timothy hay (Phleum pretense). 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy profiling was used to identify and quantify metabolites of S. fusiforme. Mannitol, guanidoacetate and ethylene glycol were largely accumulated in S. fusiforme. Moreover, nutritious minerals for feed ingredients were present in S. fusiforme. Whereas a high concentration of arsenic was found in S. fusiforme, it was within the allowable limit for ruminants. Our results suggest that S. fusiforme could represent an alternative, renewable feed ingredient for ruminant diets, with nutritional, as well as environmental, benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Young Choi
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Shin Ja Lee
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science and University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Ye Jun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sang Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Jun Sik Eom
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Sam Churl Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Eun Tae Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Cheonan, 31000, South Korea
| | - Sung Sill Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science and University-Centered Labs, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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7
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Hodomihou NR, Feder F, Legros S, Formentini TA, Lombi E, Doelsch E. Zinc Speciation in Organic Waste Drives Its Fate in Amended Soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:12034-12041. [PMID: 32852945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recycling of organic waste (OW) as fertilizer on farmland is a widespread practice that fosters sustainable development via resource reuse. However, the advantages of OW fertilization should be weighed against the potentially negative environmental impacts due to the presence of contaminants such as zinc (Zn). Current knowledge on the parameters controlling the environmental fate of Zn following OW application on cultivated soils is scant. We addressed this shortcoming by combining soil column experiments and Zn speciation characterization in OWs and amended soils. Soil column experiments were first carried out using two contrasted soils (sandy soil and sandy clay loam) that were amended with sewage sludge or poultry manure and cropped with lettuce. The soil columns were irrigated with identical amounts of water twice a week, and the leachates collected at the column outlet were monitored and analyzed. This scheme (OW application and lettuce crop cycle) was repeated for each treatment. Lettuce yields and Zn uptake were assessed at the end of each cycle. The soil columns were dismantled and seven soil layers were sampled and analyzed at the end of the second cycle (total experiment time: 12 weeks). X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses were then conducted to assess Zn speciation in OW and OW-amended soils. The results of this study highlighted that (i) the fate of Zn in water-soil-plant compartments was similar, regardless of the type of soil and OW, (ii) >97.6% of the Zn input from OW accumulated in the soil surface layer, (iii) Zn uptake by lettuce increased with repeated OW applications, and (iv) no radical change in Zn speciation was observed at the end of the 12-week experiment, and phosphate was found to drive Zn speciation in both OW and amended soils (i.e., amorphous Zn-phosphate and Zn sorbed on hydoxylapatite). These results suggest that Zn speciation in OW is a key determinant controlling the environmental fate of this element in OW-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nounagnon Richard Hodomihou
- UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, 18524 Dakar, Senegal
- Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Feder
- UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, 18524 Dakar, Senegal
- Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Samuel Legros
- UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, 18524 Dakar, Senegal
- Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Thiago Augusto Formentini
- Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Doelsch
- Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
- UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, F-34398 Montpellier, France
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8
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Ford L, Stratakos AC, Theodoridou K, Dick JTA, Sheldrake GN, Linton M, Corcionivoschi N, Walsh PJ. Polyphenols from Brown Seaweeds as a Potential Antimicrobial Agent in Animal Feeds. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:9093-9103. [PMID: 32363261 PMCID: PMC7191560 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds offer a natural source of antimicrobials that may help curb antibiotic resistance in livestock. The antibacterial activity of phlorotannin extracts isolated from two brown seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus serratus was tested. The mechanism of action of phlorotannin extracts against Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella agona, and Streptococcus suis was elucidated by observing cell membrane permeability and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The two extracts were effective at killing three foodborne pathogens without negatively affecting the pig intestinal cells. A. nodosum minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range for the different pathogens was between 1.56 and 0.78 mg/mL, whereas F. serratus was 3.13 mg/mL for all pathogens tested. A. nodosum was found to be much more potent compared to F. serratus. The difference in potency in the seaweeds may be a result of the phlorotannins' structural linkages. The antimicrobial properties of the seaweed extracts tested may provide alternative and complementary treatments to antibiotics and zinc oxide in animal feeds. The seasonal screening was performed on both species to assess the availability of phenolics throughout the year using two quantification methods, the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The variation between the methods highlights the challenges involved in the quantification of complex phenolic structures. However, both methods show that the phenolics are subject to seasonal variation, which may prove problematic to the animal feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Ford
- School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Alexandros Ch. Stratakos
- Centre
for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England Bristol, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
| | - Katerina Theodoridou
- Institute
for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Jaimie T. A. Dick
- Institute
for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Gary N. Sheldrake
- School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Mark Linton
- Veterinary
Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences
Institute, Bacteriology Branch, 12 Stoney Road, Belfast BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Veterinary
Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences
Institute, Bacteriology Branch, 12 Stoney Road, Belfast BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Pamela J. Walsh
- School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, U.K.
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9
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Le Bars M, Legros S, Levard C, Chaurand P, Tella M, Rovezzi M, Browne P, Rose J, Doelsch E. Drastic Change in Zinc Speciation during Anaerobic Digestion and Composting: Instability of Nanosized Zinc Sulfide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:12987-12996. [PMID: 30339368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a potentially toxic trace element that is present in large amounts in organic wastes (OWs) spread on agricultural lands as fertilizer. Zn speciation in OW is a crucial parameter to understand its fate in soil after spreading and to assess the risk associated with agricultural recycling of OW. Here, we investigated changes in Zn speciation from raw OWs up to digestates and/or composts for a large series of organic wastes sampled in full-scale plants. Using extended X-ray absorption fine structure, we show that nanosized Zn sulfide (nano-ZnS) is a major Zn species in raw liquid OWs and a minor species in raw solid OWs. Whatever the characteristics of the raw OW, anaerobic digestion always favors the formation of nano-ZnS (>70% of zinc in digestates). However, after 1 to 3 months of composting of OWs, nano-ZnS becomes a minor species (<10% of zinc). In composts, Zn is mostly present as amorphous Zn phosphate and Zn sorbed to ferrihydrite. These results highlight (i) the influence of OW treatment on Zn speciation and (ii) the chemical instability of nano-ZnS formed in OW in anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Le Bars
- CIRAD , UPR Recyclage et Risque , F-34398 Montpellier , France , Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Samuel Legros
- CIRAD , UPR Recyclage et Risque , 18524 Dakar , Senegal , Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Clément Levard
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Perrine Chaurand
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Marie Tella
- CIRAD , US Analyse , F-34398 Montpellier , France , Analyse, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Mauro Rovezzi
- Univ Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IRD, Irstea, Météo France, OSUG, FAME , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | | | - Jérôme Rose
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Emmanuel Doelsch
- CIRAD , UPR Recyclage et Risque , F-34398 Montpellier , France , Recyclage et Risque, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
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Wang W, Van Noten N, Degroote J, Romeo A, Vermeir P, Michiels J. Effect of zinc oxide sources and dosages on gut microbiota and integrity of weaned piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 103:231-241. [PMID: 30298533 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) supplied at pharmacological dosage in diets of weaned piglets improves growth performance. However, it causes environmental contamination and induces bacterial antibiotic resistance, yet this practice is debated. The effects on gut microbiota and integrity in weaned piglets of conventional ZnO at nutritional and pharmacological dosage (110 and 2,400 mg/kg Zn, respectively) were compared to an alternative ZnO source at 110 and 220 mg/kg Zn. Each of the four treatments was applied to four pens (two piglets/pen; weaning age, 20 days) for 15 days, and piglets were sampled on day 15 to determine indices of gut integrity. Feeding conventional ZnO at 2,400 mg/kg Zn reduced coliforms and Escherichia coli in distal small intestine as compared to conventional ZnO at 110 mg/kg (-1.7 and -1.4 log10 cfu/g, respectively), whereas the alternative ZnO reduced only coliforms, irrespective of dosage (-1.6 to -1.7 log10 cfu/g). Transepithelial electrical resistance of distal small intestinal mucosa was higher for pigs fed the alternative ZnO source as compared with groups fed 110 mg/kg Zn of conventional ZnO, in line with a trend for higher gene expression of claudin-1 and zona occludens-1. Interestingly, the alternative ZnO source at 110 and 220 mg/kg Zn increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene transcript as compared to conventional ZnO at 110 mg/kg Zn, whereas the alternative ZnO source at 110 mg/kg Zn exhibited higher Zn concentrations in mucosa (2,520 μg/g) as compared to conventional ZnO at 110 mg/kg Zn (1,211 μg/g). However, assessing alkaline phosphatase activity, no significant effects were found. In conclusion, the alternative ZnO reduced digesta Enterobacteriaceae numbers and improved gut integrity, albeit similar or better, depending on the dosage, to the effects of pharmacological dosage of conventional ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Noémie Van Noten
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Degroote
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Pieter Vermeir
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Joris Michiels
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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Zhang Y, Ward TL, Ji F, Peng C, Zhu L, Gong L, Dong B. Effects of zinc sources and levels of zinc amino acid complex on growth performance, hematological and biochemical parameters in weanling pigs. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 31:1267-1274. [PMID: 29268570 PMCID: PMC6043427 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of zinc amino acid complex (ZnAA) on growth performance, hematological and biochemical parameters in weanling pigs. Methods In Exp. 1, a total of 216 Duroc×Landrace×Large White weanling pigs were assigned randomly to 6 dietary treatments. Each treatment had 6 replicates (pens) with 6 pigs each. The diets were corn-soybean meal based with supplementation of 0, 20, 40, 80, 120 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA or 40 mg Zn/kg from feed-grade zinc sulfate. The experiment lasted 42 days. In Exp. 2, a total of 180 weanling pigs were assigned randomly to 3 dietary treatments supplemented with 0, 80, or 800 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA. Results In Exp. 1, pigs fed 40 to 80 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA had higher (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) than the unsupplemented group during d 0 to 14. During d 0 to 42, the pigs fed 20 to 120 mg Zn/kg from ZnAA had increased (p<0.05) ADG. Pigs fed 20 to 120 mg/kg Zn from ZnAA had lower feed:gain (p<0.05), increased the activity of serum Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase on d 14, and increased serum Zn levels on d 42 (p<0.05). In Exp. 2, pigs fed diets with 800 mg Zn/kg had increased average daily feed intake during d 15 to 28 (p<0.05) compared to the unsupplemented group. During d 0 to 28, the pigs fed supplemental Zn had increased ADG (p<0.05). On d 14 and d 28, pigs fed supplemental Zn had higher the serum alkaline phosphatase activities (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the hematological parameters and organ indices. Conclusion Supplementation with 20 to 80 mg/kg Zn from ZnAA improved the growth performance in weaned pigs. The piglets can tolerate up to 800 mg/kg Zn from ZnAA with limited potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | | | - Fei Ji
- Zinpro (Wuxi) Additives Bio-Technology Co., LTD., Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Chucai Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Limin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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12
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Poole K. At the Nexus of Antibiotics and Metals: The Impact of Cu and Zn on Antibiotic Activity and Resistance. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25:820-832. [PMID: 28526548 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental influences on antibiotic activity and resistance can wreak havoc with in vivo antibiotic efficacy and, ultimately, antimicrobial chemotherapy. In nature, bacteria encounter a variety of metal ions, particularly copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), as contaminants in soil and water, as feed additives in agriculture, as clinically-used antimicrobials, and as components of human antibacterial responses. Importantly, there is a growing body of evidence for Cu/Zn driving antibiotic resistance development in metal-exposed bacteria, owing to metal selection of genetic elements harbouring both metal and antibiotic resistance genes, and metal recruitment of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Many classes of antibiotics also form complexes with metal cations, including Cu and Zn, and this can hinder (or enhance) antibiotic activity. This review highlights the ways in which Cu/Zn influence antibiotic resistance development and antibiotic activity, and in so doing impact in vivo antibiotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Poole
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6.
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Effect of dietary zinc on morphological characteristics and apoptosis related gene expression in the small intestine of Bama miniature pigs. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:235-243. [PMID: 28174029 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of dietary zinc (Zn) on small intestinal mucosal epithelium, 6-month-old male Bama miniature pigs were randomly allocated into three groups and treated with three levels of Zn (Control, T1, and T2 diet supplemented with 0, 50, and 1500mg/kg Zn, respectively, as zinc sulfate) for 38days. The samples of small intestine tissues, serum, and feces were collected. The results showed that Zn concentrations of small intestine in the T2 group were higher than those in the control and T1 groups (p<0.05). In the T2 group, the pharmacological dose of dietary Zn treatment caused marked damage to the small intestinal epithelium. The expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-8 were increased in the duodenum and the jejunum of the T2 group (p<0.05). The mRNA transcript levels of BAX, CYCS and CASP3 genes were upregulated in the duodenum and the jejunum of the T2 group. We concluded that a diet with a pharmacological dose of Zn increased the accumulation of Zn and the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-8, which might activate the apoptosis and lead to the marked injury of porcine small intestinal epithelium.
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Valorisation of post-sorption materials: Opportunities, strategies, and challenges. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 242:35-58. [PMID: 28256201 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption is a facile, economic, eco-friendly and low-energy requiring technology that aims to separate diverse compounds (ions and molecules) from one phase to another using a wide variety of adsorbent materials. To date, this technology has been used most often for removal/recovery of pollutants from aqueous solutions; however, emerging post-sorption technologies are now enabling the manufacture of value-added key adsorption products that can subsequently be used for (i) fertilizers, (ii) catalysis, (iii) carbonaceous metal nanoparticle synthesis, (iv) feed additives, and (v) biologically active compounds. These new strategies ensure the sustainable valorisation of post-sorption materials as an economically viable alternative to the engineering of other green chemical products because of the ecological affability, biocompatibility, and widespread accessibility of post-sorption materials. Fertilizers and feed additives manufactured using sorption technology contain elements such as N, P, Cu, Mn, and Zn, which improve soil fertility and provide essential nutrients to animals and humans. This green and effective approach to managing post-sorption materials is an important step in reaching the global goals of sustainability and healthy human nutrition. Post-sorbents have also been utilized for the harvesting of metal nanoparticles via modern catalytic pyrolysis techniques. The resulting materials exhibited a high surface area (>1000m2/g) and are further used as catalysts and adsorbents. Together with the above possibilities, energy production from post-sorbents is under exploration. Many of the vital 3E (energy, environment, and economy) problems can be addressed using post-sorption materials. In this review, we summarize a new generation of applications of post-adsorbents as value-added green chemical products. At the end of each section, scientific challenges, further opportunities, and issues related to toxicity are discussed. We believe this critical evaluation not only delivers essential contextual information to researchers in the field but also stimulates new ideas and applications to further advance post-sorbent applications.
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Formentini TA, Legros S, Fernandes CVS, Pinheiro A, Le Bars M, Levard C, Mallmann FJK, da Veiga M, Doelsch E. Radical change of Zn speciation in pig slurry amended soil: Key role of nano-sized sulfide particles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:495-503. [PMID: 28063709 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Spreading livestock manure as fertilizer on farmlands is a widespread practice. It represents the major source of heavy metal(loid)s (HM) input in agricultural soils. Since zinc (Zn) is present at high concentrations in manure, it poses special environmental concerns related to phytotoxicity, groundwater contamination, and introduction in the food chain. Therefore, investigations on the fate and behavior of manure-borne Zn, when it enters the soil environment, are necessary to predict the environmental effects. Nevertheless, long-term field studies assessing Zn speciation in the organic waste matrix, as well as within the soil after manure application, are lacking. This study was designed to fill this gap. Using SEM-EDS and XAS analysis, we reported the following new results: (i) ZnS made up 100% of the Zn speciation in the pig slurry (the highest proportion of ZnS ever observed in organic waste); and (ii) ZnS aggregates were about 1-μm diameter (the smallest particle size ever reported in pig slurry). Moreover, the pig slurry containing ZnS was spread on the soil over an 11-year period, totaling 22 applications, and the resulting Zn speciation within the amended soil was analyzed. Surprisingly, ZnS, i.e. the only species responsible for a nearly 2-fold increase in the Zn concentration within the amended soil, was not detected in this soil. Based on SEM-EDS and XAS observations, we put forward the hypothesis that Zn in the pig slurry consisted of nano-sized ZnS crystallites that further aggregated. The low stability of ZnS nanoparticles within oxic and complex environments such as the studied soil was the key explanation for the radical change in pig slurry-borne Zn speciation after long-term amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Augusto Formentini
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Samuel Legros
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, 18524 Dakar, Senegal; CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Adilson Pinheiro
- Environmental Engineering Program, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), 89030-000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Maureen Le Bars
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Clément Levard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
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Tella M, Bravin MN, Thuriès L, Cazevieille P, Chevassus-Rosset C, Collin B, Chaurand P, Legros S, Doelsch E. Increased zinc and copper availability in organic waste amended soil potentially involving distinct release mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 212:299-306. [PMID: 26854699 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the fate of trace elements (TE) following soil organic waste (OW) application. We used a unique combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses, to determine TE speciation, with incubation experiments for in situ monitoring of TE availability patterns over a time course with the technique of the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). We showed that copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) availability were both increased in OW-amended soil, but their release was controlled by distinct mechanisms. Zn speciation in OW was found to be dominated by an inorganic species, i.e. Zn sorbed on Fe oxides. Zn desorption from Fe oxides could explain the increase in Zn availability in OW-amended soil. Cu speciation in OW was dominated by organic species. Cu release through the mineralization of organic carbon from OW was responsible for the increase in Cu availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Tella
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, CEREGE UMR 7330, F-13545, Aix en Provence cedex 4, France
| | - Matthieu N Bravin
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-97408, Saint-Denis, Réunion, France
| | - Laurent Thuriès
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-97408, Saint-Denis, Réunion, France
| | | | | | - Blanche Collin
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, CEREGE UMR 7330, F-13545, Aix en Provence cedex 4, France; CEA, IBEB, Laboratory of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere and Extreme Environments, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Perrine Chaurand
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, CEREGE UMR 7330, F-13545, Aix en Provence cedex 4, France
| | - Samuel Legros
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398, Montpellier, France
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