1
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Dang C, Wang Z, Hughes-Riley T, Dias T, Qian S, Wang Z, Wang X, Liu M, Yu S, Liu R, Xu D, Wei L, Yan W, Zhu M. Fibres-threads of intelligence-enable a new generation of wearable systems. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8790-8846. [PMID: 39087714 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Fabrics represent a unique platform for seamlessly integrating electronics into everyday experiences. The advancements in functionalizing fabrics at both the single fibre level and within constructed fabrics have fundamentally altered their utility. The revolution in materials, structures, and functionality at the fibre level enables intimate and imperceptible integration, rapidly transforming fibres and fabrics into next-generation wearable devices and systems. In this review, we explore recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in smart fibre-enabled fabrics. We examine common challenges and bottlenecks in fibre materials, physics, chemistry, fabrication strategies, and applications that shape the future of wearable electronics. We propose a closed-loop smart fibre-enabled fabric ecosystem encompassing proactive sensing, interactive communication, data storage and processing, real-time feedback, and energy storage and harvesting, intended to tackle significant challenges in wearable technology. Finally, we envision computing fabrics as sophisticated wearable platforms with system-level attributes for data management, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and closed-loop intelligent networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Theodore Hughes-Riley
- Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Dryden Street, Nottingham, NG1 4GG, UK.
| | - Tilak Dias
- Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Dryden Street, Nottingham, NG1 4GG, UK.
| | - Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Xingbei Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Mingyang Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Senlong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Rongkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Dewen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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2
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Wang J, He L, Zhang Y, Nong H, Li S, Wu Q, Tan J, Liu B. Locally Strained 2D Materials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2314145. [PMID: 38339886 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
2D materials are promising for strain engineering due to their atomic thickness and exceptional mechanical properties. In particular, non-uniform and localized strain can be induced in 2D materials by generating out-of-plane deformations, resulting in novel phenomena and properties, as witnessed in recent years. Therefore, the locally strained 2D materials are of great value for both fundamental studies and practical applications. This review discusses techniques for introducing local strains to 2D materials, and their feasibility, advantages, and challenges. Then, the unique effects and properties that arise from local strain are explored. The representative applications based on locally strained 2D materials are illustrated, including memristor, single photon emitter, and photodetector. Finally, concluding remarks on the challenges and opportunities in the emerging field of locally strained 2D materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Wang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Liqiong He
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yunhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Nong
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qinke Wu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Junyang Tan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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3
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Wang X, Dai X, Chen Y. Sonopiezoelectric Nanomedicine and Materdicine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2301693. [PMID: 37093550 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous electric field is ubiquitous in a multitude of important living activities such as bone repair, cell signal transduction, and nerve regeneration, signifying that regulating the electric field in organisms is highly beneficial to maintain organism health. As an emerging and promising research direction, piezoelectric nanomedicine and materdicine precisely activated by ultrasound with synergetic advantages of deep tissue penetration, remote spatiotemporal selectivity, and mechanical-electrical energy interconversion, have been progressively utilized for disease treatment and tissue repair by participating in the modulation of endogenous electric field. This specific nanomedicine utilizing piezoelectric effect activated by ultrasound is typically regarded as "sonopiezoelectric nanomedicine". This comprehensive review summarizes and discusses the substantially employed sonopiezoelectric nanomaterials and nanotherapies to provide an insight into the internal mechanism of the corresponding biological behavior/effect of sonopiezoelectric biomaterials in versatile disease treatments. This review primarily focuses on the sonopiezoelectric biomaterials for biosensing, drug delivery, tumor therapy, tissue regeneration, antimicrobia, and further illuminates the underlying sonopiezoelectric mechanism. In addition, the challenges and developments/prospects of sonopiezoelectric nanomedicine are analyzed for promoting the further clinical translation. It is earnestly expected that this kind of nanomedicine/biomaterials-enabled sonopiezoelectric technology will provoke the comprehensive investigation and promote the clinical development of the next-generation multifunctional materdicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Dai
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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4
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Qian S, Wang X, Yan W. Piezoelectric fibers for flexible and wearable electronics. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2023; 16:3. [PMID: 36944822 PMCID: PMC10030726 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable electronics represent paramount technologies offering revolutionized solutions for medical diagnosis and therapy, nerve and organ interfaces, fabric computation, robot-in-medicine and metaverse. Being ubiquitous in everyday life, piezoelectric materials and devices play a vital role in flexible and wearable electronics with their intriguing functionalities, including energy harvesting, sensing and actuation, personal health care and communications. As a new emerging flexible and wearable technology, fiber-shaped piezoelectric devices offer unique advantages over conventional thin-film counterparts. In this review, we survey the recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in thermally drawn piezoelectric fibers and fiber-enabled intelligent fabrics. We highlight the fiber materials, fiber architecture, fabrication, device integration as well as functions that deliver higher forms of unique applications across smart sensing, health care, space security, actuation and energy domains. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities that will be important for the continued progress of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtai Qian
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xingbei Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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5
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Bößl F, Menzel VC, Chatzisymeon E, Comyn TP, Cowin P, Cobley AJ, Tudela I. Effect of frequency and power on the piezocatalytic and sonochemical degradation of dyes in water. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2023.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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6
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Sekhar MC, Veena E, Kumar NS, Naidu KCB, Mallikarjuna A, Basha DB. A Review on Piezoelectric Materials and Their Applications. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202200130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madunuri Chandra Sekhar
- Department of Physics Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana 500075 India
| | - Eshwarappa Veena
- Department of Physics PC Jabin Science College Hubbali Hubbali 580031 India
| | - Nagasamudram Suresh Kumar
- Department of Physics JNTUA College of Engineering Anantapur Anantapuramu Andhra Pradesh 515002 India
| | | | - Allam Mallikarjuna
- Department of Physics Audisankara College of Engineering and Technology Gudur Andhra Pradesh 524101 India
| | - Dudekula Baba Basha
- Department of Information SciencesMajmaah University Al'Majmaah 11952Al'MajmaahSaudi Arabia
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7
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Dynamic Analysis of a Piezoelectrically Layered Perforated Nonlocal Strain Gradient Nanobeam with Flexoelectricity. MATHEMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/math10152614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a mathematical size-dependent model capable of investigating the dynamic behavior of a sandwich perforated nanobeam incorporating the flexoelectricity effect. The nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory is developed for both continuum mechanics and flexoelectricity. Closed forms of the equivalent perforated geometrical variables are developed. The Hamiltonian principle is exploited to derive the governing equation of motion of the sandwich beam including the flexoelectric effect. Closed forms for the eigen values are derived for different boundary conditions. The accuracy of the developed model is verified by comparing the obtained results with the available published results. Parametric studies are conducted to explore the effects of the perforation parameters, geometric dimensions, nonclassical parameters, flexoelectric parameters, as well as the piezoelectric parameters on the vibration behavior of a piezoelectric perforated sandwich nanobeam. The obtained results demonstrate that both the flexoelectric and piezoelectric parameters increased the vibration frequency of the nanobeam. The nonlocal parameter reduced the natural vibration frequency due to a decrease in the stiffness of the structures. However, the strain gradient parameter increased the stiffness of the structures and hence increased the natural vibration frequency. The natural vibration frequency based on the NSGT can be increased or decreased, depending on the ration of the value of the nonlocal parameter to the strain gradient parameter. This model can be employed in the analysis and design of NEMS, nanosensors, and nanoactuators.
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8
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Zhang M, Liang R, Li K, Chen T, Li S, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Chen X. Dual-emitting metal-organic frameworks for ratiometric fluorescence detection of fluoride and Al 3+ in sequence. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 271:120896. [PMID: 35121473 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride (F-) and Al3+ are two common ions existing in drinking water and natural water bodies. Excessive intake of F- can lead to serious health issues such as fluorosis and bone diseases while accumulated consumption of Al3+ may cause neurotoxicity-based diseases. Developing a fast, reliable, and sensitive sensor for visually detecting both F- and Al3+ is of great significance. In the present work, a ratiometric fluorescence sensor was constructed by incorporating rhodamine B (RhB) in situ into a zirconium-based metal-organic framework, UiO-66-NH2. The obtained nanocomposite UiO-66-NH2@RhB exhibited similar octahedral structure to UiO-66-NH2 with high BET surface area, and showed two emission peaks at 450 nm and 585 nm. The blue fluorescence from UiO-66-NH2 was enhanced by the addition of F- while subsequent Al3+ addition diminished the increased fluorescence intensity, and the red emission from RhB as the reference remained unchangeable to improve the detection precision. Under optimal conditions, detection of limits as low as 1.55 μM for F- and 0.54 μM for Al3+ in aqueous solution were achieved with good selectivity. High recoveries in drinking water samples were also acquired, showing potential applications of this ratiometric fluorescence sensor for practical evaluation of F- and Al3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ting Chen
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shuangjun Li
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Dieqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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9
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Analysis of the Piezoelectric Properties of Aligned Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112912. [PMID: 34835676 PMCID: PMC8617926 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies reveal that carbon nanostructures show anomalous piezoelectric properties when the central symmetry of their structure is violated. Particular focus is given to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with initial significant curvature of the graphene sheet surface, which leads to an asymmetric redistribution of the electron density. This paper presents the results of studies on the piezoelectric properties of aligned multi-walled CNTs. An original technique for evaluating the effective piezoelectric coefficient of CNTs is presented. For the first time, in this study, we investigate the influence of the growth temperature and thickness of the catalytic Ni layer on the value of the piezoelectric coefficient of CNTs. We establish the relationship between the effective piezoelectric coefficient of CNTs and their defectiveness and diameter, which determines the curvature of the graphene sheet surface. The calculated values of the effective piezoelectric coefficient of CNTs are shown to be between 0.019 and 0.413 C/m2, depending on the degree of their defectiveness and diameter.
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10
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Bößl F, Comyn TP, Cowin PI, García-García FR, Tudela I. Piezocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water: Importance of catalyst size, poling and excitation mode. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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11
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Chi Q, Zhu G, Jia D, Ye W, Wang Y, Wang J, Tao T, Xu F, Jia G, Li W, Gao P. Built-in electric field for photocatalytic overall water splitting through a TiO 2/BiOBr P-N heterojunction. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4496-4504. [PMID: 33599650 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08928a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic overall water splitting to simultaneously obtain abundant hydrogen and oxygen is still the mountain that stands in the way for the practical applications of hydrogen energy, in which composite semiconductor photocatalysts are critical for providing both electrons and holes to promote the following redox reaction. However, the interface between different components forms a deplete layer to hinder the charge transfer to a large extent. In order to enhance the charger transfer from an interface to the surface and promote the spatial separation of electron-hole pairs, a built-in electric field induced by a p-n heterojunction emerges as the best choice. As a touchstone, a p-n heterojunction of TiO2/BiOBr with a strong built-in electric field has been constructed, which presents a wide spectrum response owing to its interleaved band gaps after composition. The built-in electric field greatly enhances the separation and transportation of photogenerated carriers, resulting in fluorescence quenching due to the carrier recombination. The sample also displayed exceptional photoelectron responses: its photocurrent density (43.3 μA cm-2) was over 10 times that of TiO2 (3.5 μA cm-2) or BiOBr (4.2 μA cm-2). In addition, the sample with a molar ratio of 3 : 1 between TiO2 and BiOBr showed the best photocatalytic overall water splitting performance under visible light (λ > 420 nm): the hydrogen and oxygen production rate were 472.7 μmol gcat.-1 h-1 and 95.7 μmol gcat.-1 h-1, respectively, which are the highest values under visible light without other cocatalysts to have been reported in literature for the photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chi
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Genping Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Dongmei Jia
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Ye
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Yikang Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Tao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Fuchun Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Gan Jia
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Wenhao Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
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12
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Zhang J. Phase transformation and its effect on the piezopotential in a bent zinc oxide nanowire. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:075404. [PMID: 33105120 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc49f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Most piezotronic nanodevices rely on the piezopotential generated by the bending of their component piezoelectric nanowires (NWs). The mechanical behaviours and piezopotential properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) NWs under lateral bending are investigated in this paper by using a multiscale modelling technique combining first-principles calculations, molecular dynamics simulations and finite-element calculations. Two phase transformation processes are successively found in ZnO NWs by increasing the bending force. As a result, the inner and outer surfaces of bent ZnO NWs transform from the parent wurtzite (WZ) structure to a hexagonal (HX) structure and a body-centred-tetragonal (BCT-4) structure, respectively. Different material properties are found among the WZ, BCT-4, and HX structures, which result in a significant change in the piezopotential distribution in bent ZnO NWs after the phase transformation. Meanwhile, the piezopotential generated in bent ZnO NWs can be enhanced by an order of magnitude due to the phase transformation. Moreover, a significant increase in the electronic band gap is found in the transformed HX structure, which implies that the phase transformation may also affect the piezopotential in bent ZnO NWs by modifying their semiconducting properties especially when the doping level of NWs is large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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13
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Carlos C, Wang Y, Wang J, Li J, Wang X. Thickness-Dependent Piezoelectric Property from Quasi-Two-Dimensional Zinc Oxide Nanosheets with Unit Cell Resolution. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:1519340. [PMID: 33728409 PMCID: PMC7936626 DOI: 10.34133/2021/1519340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative understanding of the nanoscale piezoelectric property will unlock many application potentials of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon under quantum confinement. In this work, we present an atomic force microscopy- (AFM-) based approach to the quantification of the nanometer-scale piezoelectric property from single-crystalline zinc oxide nanosheets (NSs) with thicknesses ranging from 1 to 4 nm. By identifying the appropriate driving potential, we minimized the influences from electrostatic interactions and tip-sample coupling, and extrapolated the thickness-dependent piezoelectric coefficient (d 33). By averaging the measured d 33 from NSs with the same number of unit cells in thickness, an intriguing tri-unit-cell relationship was observed. From NSs with 3n unit cell thickness (n = 1, 2, 3), a bulk-like d 33 at a value of ~9 pm/V was obtained, whereas NSs with other thickness showed a ~30% higher d 33 of ~12 pm/V. Quantification of d 33 as a function of ZnO unit cell numbers offers a new experimental discovery toward nanoscale piezoelectricity from nonlayered materials that are piezoelectric in bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey Carlos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Yizhan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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14
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Jung YH, Hong SK, Wang HS, Han JH, Pham TX, Park H, Kim J, Kang S, Yoo CD, Lee KJ. Flexible Piezoelectric Acoustic Sensors and Machine Learning for Speech Processing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1904020. [PMID: 31617274 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Flexible piezoelectric acoustic sensors have been developed to generate multiple sound signals with high sensitivity, shifting the paradigm of future voice technologies. Speech recognition based on advanced acoustic sensors and optimized machine learning software will play an innovative interface for artificial intelligence (AI) services. Collaboration and novel approaches between both smart sensors and speech algorithms should be attempted to realize a hyperconnected society, which can offer personalized services such as biometric authentication, AI secretaries, and home appliances. Here, representative developments in speech recognition are reviewed in terms of flexible piezoelectric materials, self-powered sensors, machine learning algorithms, and speaker recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hoon Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kwang Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seung Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Trung Xuan Pham
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsin Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyeong Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghun Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang D Yoo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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15
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Zhang Y, Kim H, Wang Q, Jo W, Kingon AI, Kim SH, Jeong CK. Progress in lead-free piezoelectric nanofiller materials and related composite nanogenerator devices. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3131-3149. [PMID: 36134257 PMCID: PMC9418676 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00809h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Current piezoelectric device systems need a significant reduction in size and weight so that electronic modules of increasing capacity and functionality can be incorporated into a great range of applications, particularly in energy device platforms. The key question for most applications is whether they can compete in the race of down-scaling and an easy integration with highly adaptable properties into various system technologies such as nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS). Piezoelectric NEMS have potential to offer access to a parameter space for sensing, actuating, and powering, which is inflential and intriguing. Fortunately, recent advances in modelling, synthesis, and characterization techniques are spurring unprecedented developments in a new field of piezoelectric nano-materials and devices. While the need for looking more closely at the piezoelectric nano-materials is driven by the relentless drive of miniaturization, there is an additional motivation: the piezoelectric materials, which are showing the largest electromechanical responses, are currently toxic lead (Pb)-based perovskite materials (such as the ubiquitous Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, PZT). This is important, as there is strong legislative and moral push to remove toxic lead compounds from commercial products. By far, the lack of viable alternatives has led to continuing exemptions to allow their temporary use in piezoelectric applications. However, the present exemption will expire soon, and the concurrent improvement of lead-free piezoelectric materials has led to the possibility that no new exemption will be granted. In this paper, the universal approaches and recent progresses in the field of lead-free piezoelectric nano-materials, initially focusing on hybrid composite materials as well as individual nanoparticles, and related energy harvesting devices are systematically elaborated. The paper begins with a short introduction to the properties of interest in various piezoelectric nanomaterials and a brief description of the current state-of-the-art for lead-free piezoelectric nanostructured materials. We then describe several key methodologies for the synthesis of nanostructure materials including nanoparticles, followed by the discussion on the critical current and emerging applications in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 117575 Singapore
| | - Hyunseung Kim
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering, Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Jeonbuk 54896 Republic of Korea
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Wook Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jülich-UNIST Joint Leading Institute for Advanced Energy Research (JULIA), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Angus I Kingon
- School of Engineering, Brown University Providence RI 02912 USA
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- School of Engineering, Brown University Providence RI 02912 USA
| | - Chang Kyu Jeong
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering, Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Jeonbuk 54896 Republic of Korea
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Jeonbuk 54896 Republic of Korea
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Pan-shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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17
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Zhang J. On the piezotronic behaviours of wurtzite core-shell nanowires. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:095407. [PMID: 31739302 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The piezotronic behaviours of wurtzite core-shell nanowires (NWs) are studied in this paper by using a multiscale modelling technique. A difference between piezopotentials obtained from molecular dynamics simulations and finite element calculations indicates that due to the influence of small-scale effects the widely used conventional electromechanical theory is not accurate in describing the piezopotential properties of the present core-shell NWs. Although the residual strains intrinsically existing in core-shell NWs and the structural reconstruction at their surface and interface both account for these small-scale effects, the latter is found to play the dominate role, which makes the material properties of core-shell NWs significantly depend on their geometric size. A novel core-interface-shell-surface model is proposed here to analytically describe the size dependence of the material properties and thus the small-scale effects on the piezopotential of core-shell NWs. Besides possessing a good piezoelectric performance, our density functional theory calculations also show that the core-shell NWs under external loading can retain the semiconducting properties, which confirms the existence of piezotronic effects in them. However, owing to the intrinsic asymmetric Schottky barriers at the source and drain contacts induced by residual piezopotentials in core-shell NWs, the piezotronic effects of core-shell NWs are different to those of their conventional single-component counterparts. The superb piezopotential properties and unique piezotronic behaviours observed in wurtzite core-shell NWs make them good candidates for high performance components in novel piezotronic nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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18
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Ghasemian MB, Daeneke T, Shahrbabaki Z, Yang J, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Peculiar piezoelectricity of atomically thin planar structures. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:2875-2901. [PMID: 31984979 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08063e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of piezoelectricity in two-dimensional (2D) materials has represented a milestone towards employing low-dimensional structures for future technologies. 2D piezoelectric materials possess unique and unprecedented characteristics that cannot be found in other morphologies; therefore, the applications of piezoelectricity can be substantially extended. By reducing the thickness into the 2D realm, piezoelectricity might be induced in otherwise non-piezoelectric materials. The origin of the enhanced piezoelectricity in such thin planes is attributed to the loss of centrosymmetry, altered carrier concentration, and change in local polarization and can be efficiently tailored via surface modifications. Access to such materials is important from a fundamental research point of view, to observe the extraordinary interactions between free charge carriers, phonons and photons, and also with respect to device development, for which planar structures provide the required compatibility with the large-scale fabrication technologies of integrated circuits. The existence of piezoelectricity in 2D materials presents great opportunities for applications in various fields of electronics, optoelectronics, energy harvesting, sensors, actuators and biotechnology. Additionally, 2D flexible nanostructures with superior piezoelectric properties are distinctive candidates for integration into nano-scale electromechanical systems. Here we fundamentally review the state of the art of 2D piezoelectric materials from both experimental and theoretical aspects and report the recent achievements in the synthesis, characterization and applications of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B Ghasemian
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney Campus, NSW 2052, Australia.
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19
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Nan Y, Tan D, Zhao J, Willatzen M, Wang ZL. Shape- and size dependent piezoelectric properties of monolayer hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:470-477. [PMID: 36133984 PMCID: PMC9417271 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00643e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We use molecular dynamics simulations (MD) to study piezoelectric properties of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) and reveal how piezoelectric properties depend on size and shape. We first analyze how the macroscopic shape affects the full 2D structure symmetry and its piezoelectric tensor. In particular, we demonstrate that a hexagonal (rectangular)-shaped BNNS belongs to the hexagonal 6̄m2 (monoclinic m) point group. Our simulation results show that the piezoelectric constants of BNNS depend strongly on the macroscopic shape, in agreement with the symmetry of the structure, but are nearly independent of the macroscopic size. The present study provides a detailed understanding of the piezoelectric properties of finite size BNNS and guidance to future experiments and optimization of 2D piezoelectric materials in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Nan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University 200234 Shanghai China
| | - Dan Tan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Junqi Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University 200234 Shanghai China
| | - Morten Willatzen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0245 USA
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20
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Song Q, Chai L, Liu W, Ma Q, Li Y, Hu M. THz polarization-sensitive characterization of a large-area multilayer rhenium diselenide nanofilm. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:505203. [PMID: 31509805 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab4377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, rhenium diselenide (ReSe2) has attracted considerable attention due to its high anisotropy in the layer plane, which makes it a promising candidate for wide applications in electronics and optoelectronics. In this paper, we focus on the polarization-sensitive characteristics of a large-area multilayer ReSe2 nanofilm in the terahertz (THz) region under passive and active conditions by means of THz time-domain spectroscopy. We demonstrate the passive ReSe2 nanofilm with intrinsic THz polarization anisotropy. Maximum transmittance occurs only when the polarization direction of the incident THz wave is along the Re-chains direction. More importantly, THz polarization properties of the active ReSe2 nanofilm by an external electric field applied in a selected directions are also demonstrated. The modulation depth of the THz transmission is up to 16% and the response time is on the order of picoseconds. In addition, a comparative experiment is performed on three kinds of THz polarizers, i.e., ReSe2 nanofilm, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and wire-gird, respectively. The results prove that the performance of the polarizer based on the active ReSe2 nanofilm is comparable with those of CNTs and the THz wire-gird polarizer. Based on these studies, we believe that the polarization-sensitive ReSe2 nanofilm can find important applications in ultrafast switches, filters and modulation devices in the THz region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Song
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology (Ministry of Education), Ultrafast Laser Laboratory, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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21
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Miller NC, Grimm HM, Horne WS, Hutchison GR. Accurate electromechanical characterization of soft molecular monolayers using piezo force microscopy. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4834-4843. [PMID: 36133108 PMCID: PMC9416907 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00638a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a new methodology for the electromechanical characterization of organic monolayers based on the implementation of dual AC resonance tracking piezo force microscopy (DART-PFM) combined with a sweep of an applied DC field under a fixed AC field. This experimental design allows calibration of the electrostatic component of the tip response and enables the use of low spring constant levers in the measurement. Moreover, the technique is shown to determine both positive and negative piezo response. The successful decoupling of the electrostatic component from the mechanical response will enable more quantitative electromechanical characterization of molecular and biomaterials and should generate new design principles for soft bio-compatible piezoactive materials. To highlight the applicability, our new methodology was used to successfully characterize the piezoelectric coefficient (d 33) of a variety of piezoactive materials, including self-assembled monolayers made of small molecules (dodecane thiol, mercaptoundecanoic acid) or macromolecules (peptides, peptoids), as well as a variety of inorganic materials, including lead zirconate titanate [PZT], quartz, and periodically poled lithium niobate [PPLN]. Due to high differential capacitance, the soft organic monolayers demonstrated exceedingly large electromechanical response (as high as 250 pm V-1) but smaller d 33 piezocoefficients. Finally, we find that the capacitive electrostatic response of the organic monolayers studied are significantly larger than conventional inorganic piezoelectric materials (e.g., PZT, PPLN, quartz), suggesting organic electromechanical materials applications can successfully draw from both piezo and electrostatic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel C Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Haley M Grimm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - W Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
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22
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Qian W, Zhao K, Zhang D, Bowen CR, Wang Y, Yang Y. Piezoelectric Material-Polymer Composite Porous Foam for Efficient Dye Degradation via the Piezo-Catalytic Effect. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27862-27869. [PMID: 31305978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric nanomaterials have been utilized to realize effective charge separation for degrading organic pollutants in water under the action of mechanical vibrations. However, in particulate form, the nanostructured piezoelectric catalysts can flow into the aqueous pollutant and limit its recyclability and reuse. Here, we report a new method of using a barium titanate (BaTiO3, BTO)-polydimethylsiloxane composite porous foam catalyst to address the challenge of secondary pollution and reusable limits. Piezo-catalytic dye degradation activity of the porous foam can degrade a Rhodamine B (RhB) dye solution by ∼94%, and the composite material exhibits excellent stability after repeated decomposition of 12 cycles. It is suggested that under ultrasonic vibrations, the piezoelectric BTO materials create separated electron-hole pairs that react with hydroxyl ions and oxygen molecules to generate superoxide (•O2-) and hydroxyl (•OH) radicals for organic dye degradation. The degradation efficiency of RhB is associated with the piezoelectric constant, the specific surface area, and the shape of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Qian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor , Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor , Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Ding Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor , Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Chris R Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Bath , Bath BA2 7AK , U.K
| | - Yuanhao Wang
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P. R. China
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor , Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology , Guangxi University , Nanning 530004 , P. R. China
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23
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Neshchimenko V, Li C, Mikhailov M, Lv J. Optical radiation stability of ZnO hollow particles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22335-22347. [PMID: 30468228 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide has multifunctional physical properties depending on its microstructure and morphology. Herein, we reported the in situ investigations of the radiation stability of ZnO particles with hollow, ball, star and flower shapes under electron and proton irradiation. 100 keV protons with a fluence of 5 × 1015 cm-2 and 50 keV electrons with fluence ranging from 0.5 to 7 × 1016 cm-2 are employed to investigate the radiation stability of nanostructured ZnO particles. In situ reflectance, X-ray photoelectron spectra and photoluminescence were characterized in the irradiation environment to avoid the effects of the atmospheric environment on radiation induced defects. The experimental results reveal that, compared to the other shapes, the hollow structure with the best radiation stability due to the hollow structure facilitates the decrease of the accumulation of radiation defects. This study clearly demonstrates the promise of ZnO hollow particles as a plasmonic nanostructure for achieving high radiation stability, and they could be easily employed to serve as the radiation stability pigment for coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Neshchimenko
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Material Performance Evaluating in Space Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150001, China.
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24
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Li R, Cheng Y, Huang W. Recent Progress of Janus 2D Transition Metal Chalcogenides: From Theory to Experiments. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802091. [PMID: 30596407 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of graphene, 2D materials with various properties have gained increasing attention in fields such as novel electronic, optic, spintronic, and valleytronic devices. As an important derivative of 2D materials, Janus 2D materials, such as Janus transition metal chalcogenides (TMDs), have become a research hot spot in recent years. Janus 2D materials with mirror asymmetry display novel properties, such as the Rashba effect and normal piezoelectric polarization, providing great promise for their application in sensors, actuators, and other electromechanical devices. Here, the current theoretical and experimental progresses made in the development of Janus 2D TMDs, including their structure and stability, electronic properties, fabrication, and the results of their characterization are reported. Finally, the future prospects for the further development of Janus 2D materials are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yingchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
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25
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Fabris GL, Marana NL, Longo E, Sambrano JR. Piezoelectric Response of Porous Nanotubes Derived from Hexagonal Boron Nitride under Strain Influence. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:13413-13421. [PMID: 31458053 PMCID: PMC6644391 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A computational study via periodic density functional theory of porous nanotubes derived from single-layer surfaces of porous hexagonal boron nitride nanotubes (PBNNTs) and inorganic graphenylene-like boron nitride nanotubes (IGP-BNNTs) has been carried out with the main focus in its piezoelectric behavior. The simulations showed that the strain provides a meaningful improve in the piezoelectric response on the zigzag porous boron nitride nanotubes. Additionally, its stability, possible formation, elastic, and electronic properties were analyzed, and for comparison purpose, the porous graphene and graphenylene nanotubes were studied. From the elastic properties study, it was found that IGP-BNNTs exhibited a higher rigidity because of the influence of the superficial porous area, as compared to PBNNTs. The present study provides evidence that the strain is a way to maximize the piezoelectric response and make this material a good candidate for electromechanical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme
S. L. Fabris
- Modeling
and Molecular Simulation Group—CDMF, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naiara L. Marana
- Modeling
and Molecular Simulation Group—CDMF, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elson Longo
- Chemistry
Institute—CDMF, Federal University
of São Carlos, P.O. Box 14801-907, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio R. Sambrano
- Modeling
and Molecular Simulation Group—CDMF, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, São
Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Zhang J, Zhou J. Piezoelectric effects on the resonance frequencies of boron nitride nanosheets. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:395703. [PMID: 29978831 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad1b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
By using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we find in this work that due to the piezoelectric characteristic of boron nitride (BN) nanosheets their resonance frequencies can be efficiently tuned by applying an external electric field. This finding suggests that BN nanosheet can be treated as a good building block for designing novel piezoelectrically tunable two-dimensional nanoresonators. As BN nanosheets possess an inversely stacked structure, the applied electric field has different effects on the resonance frequency of BN nanosheets with odd and even layers. The influence of piezoelectric effect on the vibration behaviours observed in MD simulations is found to significantly deviate from the prediction of the conventional Euler-Bernoulli beam model (EBM), since the EBM cannot account for the weak van der Waals interaction between neighbouring layers in BN nanosheets. To take into account the interlayer interaction in the mathematical modelling of the piezoelectric effect on the vibration of BN nanosheets, we propose here a novel multiple beam model (MBM), which can account for both interlayer stretching and shearing deformations. The MBM result is found to be in a good agreement with the MD result without any additional parameters fitting, which indicates that the present MBM can be treated as a more precise theoretical model in the future study of the vibration properties of BN nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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27
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Chae I, Jeong CK, Ounaies Z, Kim SH. Review on Electromechanical Coupling Properties of Biomaterials. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:936-953. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inseok Chae
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Chang Kyu Jeong
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Zoubeida Ounaies
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Seong H. Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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28
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Piezoelectric Response of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11040638. [PMID: 29690497 PMCID: PMC5951522 DOI: 10.3390/ma11040638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies in nanopiezotronics have indicated that strained graphene may exhibit abnormal flexoelectric and piezoelectric properties. Similar assumptions have been made with regard to the properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), however, this has not so far been confirmed. This paper presents the results of our experimental studies confirming the occurrence of a surface piezoelectric effect in multi-walled CNTs under a non-uniform strain. Using atomic force microscopy, we demonstrated the piezoelectric response of multi-walled CNTs under compression and bending. The current generated by deforming an individual CNT was shown to be −24 nA. The value of the surface potential at the top of the bundle of strained CNTs varied from 268 mV to −110 mV, depending on strain type and magnitude. We showed that the maximum values of the current and the surface potential can be achieved when longitudinal strain predominates in a CNT. However, increasing the bending strain of CNTs does not lead to a significant increase in current and surface potential, due to the mutual compensation of piezoelectric charges concentrated on the CNT side walls. The results of the study offer a number of opportunities and challenges for further fundamental research on the piezoelectric properties of carbon nanotubes as well as for the development of advanced CNT-based nanopiezotronic devices.
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29
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El Kacimi A, Pauliac-Vaujour E, Eymery J. Flexible Capacitive Piezoelectric Sensor with Vertically Aligned Ultralong GaN Wires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:4794-4800. [PMID: 29338171 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple and scalable fabrication process of flexible capacitive piezoelectric sensors using vertically aligned gallium nitride (GaN) wires as well as their physical principles of operation. The as-grown N-polar GaN wires obtained by self-catalyst metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy are embedded into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix and directly peeled off from the sapphire substrate before metallic electrode contacting. This geometry provides an efficient control of the wire orientation and an additive contribution of the individual piezoelectric signals. The device output voltage and efficiency are studied by finite element calculations for compression mechanical loading as a function of the wire geometrical growth parameters (length and density). We demonstrate that the voltage output level and sensitivity increases as a function of the wire length and that a conical shape is not mandatory for potential generation as it was the case for horizontally assembled devices. The optimal design to improve the overall device response is also optimized in terms of wire positioning inside PDMS, wire density, and total device thickness. Following the results of these calculations, we have fabricated experimental devices exhibiting outputs of several volts with a very good reliability under cyclic mechanical excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine El Kacimi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus , 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Joël Eymery
- Nanostructures and Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-MEM , 38000 Grenoble, France
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Ghosh SK, Xie M, Bowen CR, Davies PR, Morgan DJ, Mandal D. A hybrid strain and thermal energy harvester based on an infra-red sensitive Er 3+ modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) ferroelectret structure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16703. [PMID: 29196713 PMCID: PMC5711940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a novel infra-red (IR) sensitive Er3+ modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) (Er-PVDF) film is developed for converting both mechanical and thermal energies into useful electrical power. The addition of Er3+ to PVDF is shown to improve piezoelectric properties due to the formation of a self-polarized ferroelectric β-phase and the creation of an electret-like porous structure. In addition, we demonstrate that Er3+ acts to enhance heat transfer into the Er-PVDF film due to its excellent infrared absorbance, which, leads to rapid and large temperature fluctuations and improved pyroelectric energy transformation. We demonstrate the potential of this novel material for mechanical energy harvesting by creating a durable ferroelectret energy harvester/nanogenerator (FTNG). The high thermal stability of the β-phase enables the FTNG to harvest large temperature fluctuations (ΔT ~ 24 K). Moreover, the superior mechanosensitivity, SM ~ 3.4 VPa-1 of the FTNG enables the design of a wearable self-powered health-care monitoring system by human-machine integration. The combination of rare-earth ion, Er3+ with the ferroelectricity of PVDF provides a new and robust approach for delivering smart materials and structures for self-powered wireless technologies, sensors and Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Kumar Ghosh
- Organic Nano-Piezoelectric Device Laboratory (ONPDL), Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Mengying Xie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | | | - Philip R Davies
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - David J Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Dipankar Mandal
- Organic Nano-Piezoelectric Device Laboratory (ONPDL), Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali, 160062, India.
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31
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Song X, Hui F, Gilmore K, Wang B, Jing G, Fan Z, Grustan-Gutierrez E, Shi Y, Lombardi L, Hodge SA, Ferrari AC, Lanza M. Enhanced piezoelectric effect at the edges of stepped molybdenum disulfide nanosheets. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:6237-6245. [PMID: 28338700 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09275f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of piezoelectric layered materials may be one of the key elements enabling expansion of nanotechnology, as they offer a solution for the construction of efficient transducers for a wide range of applications, including self-powered devices. Here, we investigate the piezoelectric effect in multilayer (ML) stepped MoS2 flakes obtained by liquid-phase exfoliation, which is especially interesting because it may allow the scalable fabrication of electronic devices using large area deposition techniques (e.g. solution casting, spray coating, inkjet printing). By using a conductive atomic force microscope we map the piezoelectricity of the MoS2 flakes at the nanoscale. Our experiments demonstrate the presence of electrical current densities above 100 A cm-2 when the flakes are strained in the absence of bias, and the current increases proportional to the bias. Simultaneously collected topographic and current maps demonstrate that the edges of stepped ML MoS2 flakes promote the piezoelectric effect, where the largest currents are observed. Density functional theory calculations are consistent with the ring-like piezoelectric potential generated when the flakes are strained, as well as the enhanced piezoelectric effect at edges. Our results pave the way to the design of piezoelectric devices using layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nanoscience and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Genchi GG, Marino A, Grillone A, Pezzini I, Ciofani G. Remote Control of Cellular Functions: The Role of Smart Nanomaterials in the Medicine of the Future. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28338285 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The remote control of cellular functions through smart nanomaterials represents a biomanipulation approach with unprecedented potential applications in many fields of medicine, ranging from cancer therapy to tissue engineering. By actively responding to external stimuli, smart nanomaterials act as real nanotransducers able to mediate and/or convert different forms of energy into both physical and chemical cues, fostering specific cell behaviors. This report describes those classes of nanomaterials that have mostly paved the way to a "wireless" control of biological phenomena, focusing the discussion on some examples close to the clinical practice. In particular, magnetic fields, light irradiation, ultrasound, and pH will be presented as means to manipulate the cellular fate, due to the peculiar physical/chemical properties of some smart nanoparticles, thus providing realistic examples of "nanorobots" approaching the visionary ideas of Richard Feynman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Graziana Genchi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Attilio Marino
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Agostina Grillone
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, The BioRobotics Institute, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Ilaria Pezzini
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, The BioRobotics Institute, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera (Pisa), Italy
- Politecnico di Torino, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
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33
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Pyroelectrically Induced Pyro-Electro-Chemical Catalytic Activity of BaTiO3 Nanofibers under Room-Temperature Cold–Hot Cycle Excitations. METALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/met7040122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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34
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Yan Z, Jiang L. Modified Continuum Mechanics Modeling on Size-Dependent Properties of Piezoelectric Nanomaterials: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7020027. [PMID: 28336861 PMCID: PMC5333012 DOI: 10.3390/nano7020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Piezoelectric nanomaterials (PNs) are attractive for applications including sensing, actuating, energy harvesting, among others in nano-electro-mechanical-systems (NEMS) because of their excellent electromechanical coupling, mechanical and physical properties. However, the properties of PNs do not coincide with their bulk counterparts and depend on the particular size. A large amount of efforts have been devoted to studying the size-dependent properties of PNs by using experimental characterization, atomistic simulation and continuum mechanics modeling with the consideration of the scale features of the nanomaterials. This paper reviews the recent progresses and achievements in the research on the continuum mechanics modeling of the size-dependent mechanical and physical properties of PNs. We start from the fundamentals of the modified continuum mechanics models for PNs, including the theories of surface piezoelectricity, flexoelectricity and non-local piezoelectricity, with the introduction of the modified piezoelectric beam and plate models particularly for nanostructured piezoelectric materials with certain configurations. Then, we give a review on the investigation of the size-dependent properties of PNs by using the modified continuum mechanics models, such as the electromechanical coupling, bending, vibration, buckling, wave propagation and dynamic characteristics. Finally, analytical modeling and analysis of nanoscale actuators and energy harvesters based on piezoelectric nanostructures are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yan
- Department of Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Liying Jiang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
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Wu W, Wang L, Yu R, Liu Y, Wei SH, Hone J, Wang ZL. Piezophototronic Effect in Single-Atomic-Layer MoS 2 for Strain-Gated Flexible Optoelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8463-8468. [PMID: 27486923 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Strain-gated flexible optoelectronics are reported based on monolayer MoS2 . Utilizing the piezoelectric polarization created at the metal-MoS2 interface to modulate the separation/transport of photogenerated carriers, the piezophototronic effect is applied to implement atomic-layer-thick phototransistor. Coupling between piezoelectricity and photogenerated carriers may enable the development of novel optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Ruomeng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
| | - Yuanyue Liu
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Su-Huai Wei
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - James Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA.
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083, Beijing, China.
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36
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Huang S, Zhang W, Cui S, Wei W, Chen W, Mi L. Large-scale Uniform 3D composite Fe3O4@CF for High-performance Supercapacitors Design. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Huang
- Center For Advanced Materials Research; Zhongyuan University Of Technology; Henan 450007 P. R. China
| | - Wangxi Zhang
- Center For Advanced Materials Research; Zhongyuan University Of Technology; Henan 450007 P. R. China
| | - Shizhong Cui
- Center For Advanced Materials Research; Zhongyuan University Of Technology; Henan 450007 P. R. China
| | - Wutao Wei
- Center For Advanced Materials Research; Zhongyuan University Of Technology; Henan 450007 P. R. China
| | - Weihua Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Liwei Mi
- Center For Advanced Materials Research; Zhongyuan University Of Technology; Henan 450007 P. R. China
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37
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Muñoz-Tabares JA, Bejtka K, Lamberti A, Garino N, Bianco S, Quaglio M, Pirri CF, Chiodoni A. Nanostructural evolution of one-dimensional BaTiO₃ structures by hydrothermal conversion of vertically aligned TiO₂ nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:6866-6876. [PMID: 26955909 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07283b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of TiO2 nanotube (NT) arrays as templates for hydrothermal conversion of one-dimensional barium titanate (BaTiO3) structures is considered a promising synthesis approach, even though the formation mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Herein we report a nanostructural study by means of XRD and (HR)TEM of high aspect ratio TiO2-NTs hydrothermally converted into BaTiO3. The nanostructure shows two different and well-defined regions: at the top the conversion involves complete dissolution of NTs and subsequent precipitation of BaTiO3 crystals by homogeneous nucleation, followed by the growth of dendritic structures by aggregation and oriented attachment mechanisms. Instead, at the bottom, the low liquid/solid ratio, due to the limited amount of Ba solution that infiltrates the NTs, leads to the rapid crystallization of such a solution into BaTiO3, thus allowing the NTs to act as a template for the formation of highly oriented one-dimensional nanostructures. The in-depth analysis of the structural transformations that take place during the formation of the rod-like arrays of BaTiO3 could help elucidate the conversion mechanism, thus paving the way for the optimization of the synthesis process in view of new applications in energy harvesting devices, where easy and low temperature processing, controlled composition, morphology and functional properties are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Muñoz-Tabares
- Center for Space Human Robotics (CSHR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino 10129, Italy.
| | - K Bejtka
- Center for Space Human Robotics (CSHR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino 10129, Italy.
| | - A Lamberti
- Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - N Garino
- Center for Space Human Robotics (CSHR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino 10129, Italy.
| | - S Bianco
- Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - M Quaglio
- Center for Space Human Robotics (CSHR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino 10129, Italy.
| | - C F Pirri
- Center for Space Human Robotics (CSHR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino 10129, Italy. and Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - A Chiodoni
- Center for Space Human Robotics (CSHR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino 10129, Italy.
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38
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Gupta MK, Kim SW, Kumar B. Flexible High-Performance Lead-Free Na0.47K0.47Li0.06NbO3 Microcube-Structure-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:1766-1773. [PMID: 26735739 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead-free piezoelectric nano- and microstructure-based generators have recently attracted much attention due to the continuous demand of self-powered body implantable devices. We report the fabrication of a high-performance flexible piezoelectric microgenerator based on lead-free inorganic piezoelectric Na0.47K0.47Li0.06NbO3 (NKLN) microcubes for the first time. The composite generator is fabricated using NKLN microcubes and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer on a flexible substrate. The flexible device exhibits excellent performance with a large recordable piezoelectric output voltage of 48 V and output current density of 0.43 μA/cm(2) under vertical compressive force of 2 kgf, for which an energy conversion efficiency of about 11% has been achieved. Piezoresponse and ferroelectric studies reveal that NKLN microcubes exhibited high piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33) as high as 460 pC/N and a well-defined hysteresis loops with remnant polarization and coercive field of 13.66 μC/cm(2) and 19.45 kV/cm, respectively. The piezoelectric charge generation mechanism from NKLN microgenerator are discussed in the light of the high d33 and alignment of electric dipoles in polymer matrix and dielectric constant of NKLN microcubes. It has been demonstrated that the developed power generator has the potential to generate high electric output power under mechanical vibration for powering biomedical devices in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Bhopal, I.T.I. (Gas Rahat) Building, Govindpura, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462023, India
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Center for Human Interface Nanotechnology (HINT),and IBS Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Binay Kumar
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi , Delhi 110007, India
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39
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Noor-A-Alam M, Shin YH. Switchable polarization in an unzipped graphene oxide monolayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:20443-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04242b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Unzipped graphene oxide monolayers have polar configurations that are more stable than the flat ones, when the unit cell is doubled along the y axis, the antiferroelectric-like non-polar configuration is more stable than the polar one.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Han Shin
- Department of Physics
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 44610
- Republic of Korea
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40
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Piezoelectric effect in chemical vapour deposition-grown atomic-monolayer triangular molybdenum disulfide piezotronics. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7430. [PMID: 26109177 PMCID: PMC4491182 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-performance piezoelectricity in monolayer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides is highly desirable for the development of nanosensors, piezotronics and photo-piezotransistors. Here we report the experimental study of the theoretically predicted piezoelectric effect in triangle monolayer MoS2 devices under isotropic mechanical deformation. The experimental observation indicates that the conductivity of MoS2 devices can be actively modulated by the piezoelectric charge polarization-induced built-in electric field under strain variation. These polarization charges alter the Schottky barrier height on both contacts, resulting in a barrier height increase with increasing compressive strain and decrease with increasing tensile strain. The underlying mechanism of strain-induced in-plane charge polarization is proposed and discussed using energy band diagrams. In addition, a new type of MoS2 strain/force sensor built using a monolayer MoS2 triangle is also demonstrated. Our results provide evidence for strain-gating monolayer MoS2 piezotronics, a promising avenue for achieving augmented functionalities in next-generation electronic and mechanical–electronic nanodevices. Two-dimensional transition-metal-dichalcogenide materials should have strong piezoelectric properties, making them useful for nanosensors and piezotronics. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate the piezoelectric effect in monolayer molybdenum disulfide and show how this can modulate conductivity.
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41
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Domingo N, López-Mir L, Paradinas M, Holy V, Železný J, Yi D, Suresha SJ, Liu J, Rayan Serrao C, Ramesh R, Ocal C, Martí X, Catalan G. Giant reversible nanoscale piezoresistance at room temperature in Sr2IrO4 thin films. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:3453-3459. [PMID: 25649123 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Layered iridates have been the subject of intense scrutiny on account of their unusually strong spin-orbit coupling, which opens up a narrow bandgap in a material that would otherwise be a metal. This insulating state is very sensitive to external perturbations. Here, we show that vertical compression at the nanoscale, delivered using the tip of a standard scanning probe microscope, is capable of inducing a five orders of magnitude change in the room temperature resistivity of Sr2IrO4. The extreme sensitivity of the electronic structure to anisotropic deformations opens up a new angle of interest on this material, with the giant and fully reversible perpendicular piezoresistance rendering iridates as promising materials for room temperature piezotronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Domingo
- ICN2-Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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