1
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Hastman DA, Hooe S, Chiriboga M, Díaz SA, Susumu K, Stewart MH, Green CM, Hildebrandt N, Medintz IL. Multiplexed DNA and Protease Detection with Orthogonal Energy Transfer on a Single Quantum Dot Scaffolded Biosensor. ACS Sens 2024; 9:157-170. [PMID: 38160434 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Almost all pathogens, whether viral or bacterial, utilize key proteolytic steps in their pathogenesis. The ability to detect a pathogen's genomic material along with its proteolytic activity represents one approach to identifying the pathogen and providing initial evidence of its viability. Here, we report on a prototype biosensor design assembled around a single semiconductor quantum dot (QD) scaffold that is capable of detecting both nucleic acid sequences and proteolytic activity by using orthogonal energy transfer (ET) processes. The sensor consists of a central QD assembled via peptidyl-PNA linkers with multiple DNA sequences that encode complements to genomic sequences originating from the Ebola, Influenza, and COVID-19 viruses, which we use as surrogate targets. These are hybridized to complement strands labeled with a terbium (Tb) chelate, AlexaFluor647 (AF647), and Cy5.5 dyes, giving rise to two potential FRET cascades: the first includes Tb → QD → AF647 → Cy5.5 (→ = ET step), which is detected in a time-gated modality, and QD → AF647 → Cy5.5, which is detected from direct excitation. The labeled DNA-displaying QD construct is then further assembled with a RuII-modified peptide, which quenches QD photoluminescence by charge transfer and is recognized by a protease to yield the full biosensor. Each of the labeled DNAs and peptides can be ratiometrically assembled to the QD in a controllable manner to tune each of the ET pathways. Addition of a given target DNA displaces its labeled complement on the QD, disrupting that FRET channel, while protease addition disrupts charge transfer quenching of the central QD scaffold and boosts its photoluminescence and FRET relay capabilities. Along with characterizing the ET pathways and verifying biosensing in both individual and multiplexed formats, we also demonstrate the ability of this construct to function in molecular logic and perform Boolean operations; this highlights the construct's ability to discriminate and transduce signals between different inputs or pathogens. The potential application space for such a sensor device is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hastman
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington ,District of Columbia20375, United States
- American Society for Engineering Education, Washington ,District of Columbia20036, United States
| | - Shelby Hooe
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington ,District of Columbia20375, United States
| | - Matthew Chiriboga
- Northrop Grumman Corporation, Mission Systems, Baltimore, Maryland, 21240, United States
| | - Sebastián A Díaz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington ,District of Columbia20375, United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington ,District of Columbia20375, United States
| | - Michael H Stewart
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington ,District of Columbia20375, United States
| | - Christopher M Green
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington ,District of Columbia20375, United States
| | - Niko Hildebrandt
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington ,District of Columbia20375, United States
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2
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Neutens P, Zinoviev K, Jimenez Valencia AM, Woronoff G, Jansen R, Hosseini N, Uribe AJ, Goheen J, Kryszak LA, Stakenborg T, Clarke WA, Van Roy W. Toward point-of-care diagnostics: Running enzymatic assays on a photonic waveguide-based sensor chip with a portable, benchtop measurement system. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300279. [PMID: 37703421 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a portable, compact system to perform absorption-based enzymatic assays at a visible wavelength of 639 nm on a photonic waveguide-based sensor chip, suitable for lab-on-a-chip applications. The photonic design and fabrication of the sensor are described, and a detailed overview of the portable measurement system is presented. In this publication, we use an integrated photonic waveguide-based absorbance sensor to run a full enzymatic assay. An assay to detect creatinine in plasma is simultaneously performed on both the photonic sensor on the portable setup and on a commercial microplate reader for a clinically relevant creatinine concentration range. We observed a high correlation between the measured waveguide propagation loss and the optical density measurement from the plate reader and measured a limit-of-detection of 4.5 μM creatinine in the sensor well, covering the relevant clinical range for creatinine detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Neutens
- Life Science Technologies Department, Imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Angela M Jimenez Valencia
- Laboratory for Integrated Nanodiagnostics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Roelof Jansen
- Life Science Technologies Department, Imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Naser Hosseini
- Life Science Technologies Department, Imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Joshua Goheen
- Laboratory for Integrated Nanodiagnostics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lindsay A Kryszak
- Laboratory for Integrated Nanodiagnostics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tim Stakenborg
- Life Science Technologies Department, Imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - William A Clarke
- Laboratory for Integrated Nanodiagnostics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Willem Van Roy
- Life Science Technologies Department, Imec, Leuven, Belgium
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3
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Rafique Q, Rehman A, Afghan MS, Ahmad HM, Zafar I, Fayyaz K, Ain Q, Rayan RA, Al-Aidarous KM, Rashid S, Mushtaq G, Sharma R. Reviewing methods of deep learning for diagnosing COVID-19, its variants and synergistic medicine combinations. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107191. [PMID: 37354819 PMCID: PMC10281043 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the development of reliable diagnostic methods for accurately detecting the novel coronavirus and its variants. Deep learning (DL) techniques have shown promising potential as screening tools for COVID-19 detection. In this study, we explore the realistic development of DL-driven COVID-19 detection methods and focus on the fully automatic framework using available resources, which can effectively investigate various coronavirus variants through modalities. We conducted an exploration and comparison of several diagnostic techniques that are widely used and globally validated for the detection of COVID-19. Furthermore, we explore review-based studies that provide detailed information on synergistic medicine combinations for the treatment of COVID-19. We recommend DL methods that effectively reduce time, cost, and complexity, providing valuable guidance for utilizing available synergistic combinations in clinical and research settings. This study also highlights the implication of innovative diagnostic technical and instrumental strategies, exploring public datasets, and investigating synergistic medicines using optimised DL rules. By summarizing these findings, we aim to assist future researchers in their endeavours by providing a comprehensive overview of the implication of DL techniques in COVID-19 detection and treatment. Integrating DL methods with various diagnostic approaches holds great promise in improving the accuracy and efficiency of COVID-19 diagnostics, thus contributing to effective control and management of the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qandeel Rafique
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal, 57040, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Rehman
- Department of General Medicine Govt. Eye and General Hospital Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Sher Afghan
- Department of Internal Medicine District Headquarter Hospital Faislaabad, 62300, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Muhamad Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine District Headquarter Hospital Bahawalnagar, 62300, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Zafar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Virtual University Pakistan, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Kompal Fayyaz
- Department of National Centre for Bioinformatics, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Quratul Ain
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, 03822, Pakistan.
| | - Rehab A Rayan
- Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 21526, Egypt.
| | - Khadija Mohammed Al-Aidarous
- Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Arts in Sharurah, Najran University, 51730, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gohar Mushtaq
- Center for Scientific Research, Faculty of Medicine, Idlib University, Idlib, Syria.
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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4
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Rodrigues RDR, Pellosi DS, Louarn G, Péres LO. Nanocomposite Films of Silver Nanoparticles and Conjugated Copolymer in Natural and Nano-Form: Structural and Morphological Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103663. [PMID: 37241290 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of conjugated polymers (CPs) and metallic nanoparticles is an interesting way to form nanocomposites with improved optical properties. For instance, a nanocomposite with high sensitivity can be produced. However, the hydrophobicity of CPs may hamper applications due to their low bioavailability and low operability in aqueous media. This problem can be overcome by forming thin solid films from an aqueous dispersion containing small CP nanoparticles. So, in this work we developed the formation of thin films of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PDOF-co-PEDOT) from its natural and nano form (NCP) from aqueous solution. These copolymers were then blended in films with triangular and spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNP) for future applicability as a SERS sensor of pesticides. TEM characterization showed that the AgNP were adsorbed on the NCP surface, forming a nanostructure with an average diameter of 90 nm (value according to that obtained by DLS) and with a negative potential zeta. These nanostructures were transferred to a solid substrate, forming thin and homogeneous films with different morphology of PDOF-co-PEDOT films, as observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). XPS data demonstrated the presence of the AgNP in the thin films, as well as evidence that films with NCP are more resistant to the photo-oxidation process. Raman spectra showed characteristic peaks of the copolymer in the films prepared with NCP. It should also be noted the enhancement effect of Raman bands observed on films containing AgNP, a strong indication of the SERS effect induced by the metallic nanoparticles. Furthermore, the different geometry of the AgNP influences the way in which the adsorption between the NCP and the metal surface occurs, with a perpendicular adsorption between the NCP chains and the surface of the triangular AgNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca da Rocha Rodrigues
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Campus Diadema, São Paulo 09913-030, Brazil
- Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes Université, CNRS, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Diogo Silva Pellosi
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Campus Diadema, São Paulo 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Guy Louarn
- Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, Nantes Université, CNRS, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Laura Oliveira Péres
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Campus Diadema, São Paulo 09913-030, Brazil
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5
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Hasan MR, Sharma P, Suleman S, Mukherjee S, Celik EG, Timur S, Pilloton R, Narang J. Papertronics: Marriage between Paper and Electronics Becoming a Real Scenario in Resource-Limited Settings. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1368-1379. [PMID: 36926800 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Integrating electronic applications with paper, placed next to or below printed images or graphics, can further expand the possible uses of paper substrates. Consuming paper as a substrate in the field of electronics can lead to significant innovations toward papertronics applications as paper comprises various advantages like being disposable, inexpensive, biodegradable, easy to handle, simple to use, and easily available. All of these advantages will definitely spur the advancement of the electronics field, but unfortunately, putting electronics on paper is not an easy task because, compared to plastics, the paper surface is not just rough but also porous. For example, in the case of lateral flow assay testing the sensor response is delayed if the pore size of the paper is enormous. This might be a disadvantage for most electrical devices printed directly on paper. Still, some methods make it compatible when fit with a rough, absorbent surface of the paper. Building electronic devices on a standard paper substrate have sparked much interest because of its lightweight, environmental friendliness, minimal cost, and simple fabrication. A slew of improvements have been achieved in recent years to make paper electronics perform better in various applications, including transistors, batteries, and displays. In addition, flexible electronics have gained much interest in human-machine interaction and wireless sensing. This review briefly examines the origins and fabrication of paper electronics and then moves on to applications and exciting possible paths for paper-based electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rahil Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Pradakshina Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Shariq Suleman
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Shouvik Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Emine Guler Celik
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Suna Timur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.,Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Roberto Pilloton
- CNR-IC, Area della Ricerca di RM1, Via Salaria km 29.3, Monterotondo, Rome I-00015, Italy
| | - Jagriti Narang
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
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6
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Green CM, Spangler J, Susumu K, Stenger DA, Medintz IL, Díaz SA. Quantum Dot-Based Molecular Beacons for Quantitative Detection of Nucleic Acids with CRISPR/Cas(N) Nucleases. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20693-20704. [PMID: 36378103 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Strategies utilizing the CRISPR/Cas nucleases Cas13 and Cas12 have shown great promise in the development of highly sensitive and rapid diagnostic assays for the detection of pathogenic nucleic acids. The most common approaches utilizing fluorophore-quencher molecular beacons require strand amplification strategies or highly sensitive optical setups to overcome the limitations of the readout. Here, we demonstrate a flexible strategy for assembling highly luminescent and colorimetric quantum dot-nucleic acid hairpin (QD-HP) molecular beacons for use in CRISPR/Cas diagnostics. This strategy utilizes a chimeric peptide-peptide nucleic acid (peptide-PNA) to conjugate fluorescently labeled DNA or RNA hairpins to ZnS-coated QDs. QDs are particularly promising alternatives for molecular beacons due to their greater brightness, strong UV absorbance with large emission offset, exceptional photostability, and potential for multiplexing due to their sharp emission peaks. Using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), we have developed ratiometric reporters capable of pM target detection (without nucleotide amplification) for both target DNA and RNA, and we further demonstrated their capabilities for multiplexing and camera-phone detection. The flexibility of this system is imparted by the dual functionality of the QD as both a FRET donor and a central nanoscaffold for arranging nucleic acids and fluorescent acceptors on its surface. This method also provides a generalized approach that could be applied for use in other CRISPR/Cas nuclease systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Green
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
| | - Joseph Spangler
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
- Jacobs Corporation, Hanover, Maryland21076, United States
| | - David A Stenger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
| | - Sebastián A Díaz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
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7
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Grazon C, Chern M, Lally P, Baer RC, Fan A, Lecommandoux S, Klapperich C, Dennis AM, Galagan JE, Grinstaff MW. The quantum dot vs. organic dye conundrum for ratiometric FRET-based biosensors: which one would you chose? Chem Sci 2022; 13:6715-6731. [PMID: 35756504 PMCID: PMC9172442 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06921g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a widely used and ideal transduction modality for fluorescent based biosensors as it offers high signal to noise with a visibly detectable signal. While intense efforts are ongoing to improve the limit of detection and dynamic range of biosensors based on biomolecule optimization, the selection of and relative location of the dye remains understudied. Herein, we describe a combined experimental and computational study to systematically compare the nature of the dye, i.e., organic fluorophore (Cy5 or Texas Red) vs. inorganic nanoparticle (QD), and the position of the FRET donor or acceptor on the biomolecular components. Using a recently discovered transcription factor (TF)-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) biosensor for progesterone, we examine four different biosensor configurations and report the quantum yield, lifetime, FRET efficiency, IC50, and limit of detection. Fitting the computational models to the empirical data identifies key molecular parameters driving sensor performance in each biosensor configuration. Finally, we provide a set of design parameters to enable one to select the fluorophore system for future intermolecular biosensors using FRET-based conformational regulation in in vitro assays and new diagnostic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Grazon
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA .,University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629 F-33600 Pessac France .,University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 F-33400 Talence France
| | - Margaret Chern
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Patrick Lally
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - R. C. Baer
- Department of Microbiology, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02118USA,National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02118USA
| | - Andy Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
| | | | | | - Allison M. Dennis
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA
| | - James E. Galagan
- Department of Microbiology, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02118USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA,National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02118USA
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Department of Chemistry, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA,Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA
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8
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Xiao Z, Darwish GH, Susumu K, Medintz IL, Algar WR. Prototype Smartphone-Based Device for Flow Cytometry with Immunolabeling via Supra-nanoparticle Assemblies of Quantum Dots. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:57-66. [PMID: 36785592 PMCID: PMC9838726 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.1c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methods for the detection, enumeration, and typing of cells are important in many areas of research and healthcare. In this context, flow cytometers are a widely used research and clinical tool but are also an example of a large and expensive instrument that is limited to specialized laboratories. Smartphones have been shown to have excellent potential to serve as portable and lower-cost platforms for analyses that would normally be done in a laboratory. Here, we developed a prototype smartphone-based flow cytometer (FC). This compact 3D-printed device incorporated a laser diode and a microfluidic flow cell and used the built-in camera of a smartphone to track immunofluorescently labeled cells in suspension and measure their color. This capability was enabled by high-brightness supra-nanoparticle assemblies of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (SiO2@QDs) as well as a support vector machine (SVM) classification algorithm. The smartphone-based FC device detected and enumerated target cells against a background of other cells, simultaneously and selectively counted two different cell types in a mixture, and used multiple colors of SiO2@QD-antibody conjugates to screen for and identify a particular cell type. The potential limits of multicolor detection are discussed alongside ideas for further development. Our results suggest that innovations in materials and engineering should enable eventual smartphone-based FC assays for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Xiao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H. Darwish
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- Jacobs
Corporation, Hanover, Maryland 21076, United
States
- Optical
Sciences Division, Code 5600, U.S. Naval
Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center
for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - W. Russ Algar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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9
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Bialy RM, Mainguy A, Li Y, Brennan JD. Functional nucleic acid biosensors utilizing rolling circle amplification. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9009-9067. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00613h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids regulate rolling circle amplification to produce multiple detection outputs suitable for the development of point-of-care diagnostic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger M. Bialy
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
| | - Alexa Mainguy
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - John D. Brennan
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4O3, Canada
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10
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Geißler D, Nirmalananthan-Budau N, Scholtz L, Tavernaro I, Resch-Genger U. Analyzing the surface of functional nanomaterials-how to quantify the total and derivatizable number of functional groups and ligands. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:321. [PMID: 34482449 PMCID: PMC8418596 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials (NM) of different size, shape, chemical composition, and surface chemistry are of increasing relevance for many key technologies of the twenty-first century. This includes polymer and silica or silica-coated nanoparticles (NP) with covalently bound surface groups, semiconductor quantum dots (QD), metal and metal oxide NP, and lanthanide-based NP with coordinatively or electrostatically bound ligands, as well as surface-coated nanostructures like micellar encapsulated NP. The surface chemistry can significantly affect the physicochemical properties of NM, their charge, their processability and performance, as well as their impact on human health and the environment. Thus, analytical methods for the characterization of NM surface chemistry regarding chemical identification, quantification, and accessibility of functional groups (FG) and surface ligands bearing such FG are of increasing importance for quality control of NM synthesis up to nanosafety. Here, we provide an overview of analytical methods for FG analysis and quantification with special emphasis on bioanalytically relevant FG broadly utilized for the covalent attachment of biomolecules like proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides and address method- and material-related challenges and limitations. Analytical techniques reviewed include electrochemical titration methods, optical assays, nuclear magnetic resonance and vibrational spectroscopy, as well as X-ray based and thermal analysis methods, covering the last 5-10 years. Criteria for method classification and evaluation include the need for a signal-generating label, provision of either the total or derivatizable number of FG, need for expensive instrumentation, and suitability for process and production control during NM synthesis and functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geißler
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nithiya Nirmalananthan-Budau
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Scholtz
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabella Tavernaro
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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11
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Zhong H, Li Y, Liu G, Xu T, Suo Y, Wang Z. Study on covalent coupling process and flow characteristics of antibody on the surface of immunoassay microfluidic chip. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:424-432. [PMID: 34383625 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1958344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The immune response system of immunoassay microfluidic chips is a dynamic reaction process that continuously sends reactants to the surface of a solid carrier. Signal acquisition results from the heterogeneous immune reactions and reactant transport. Antibody immobilization is the most important part of heterogeneous immune reactions, and reactant transport is reflected in the form of fluid velocity. Here, we reported several surface modification processes on polystyrene substrates that are employed to study the relationship between the antibody immobilization and flow behavior in heterogeneous immune response processes. The antibody was immobilized using covalent grafting. Based on the mechanism of sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, a fluorescence quantitative detection method was used to evaluate the immune response process. The effects of different surface modification processes on immune response and flow behavior were studied. We identified an optimal flow velocity in the dynamic immune response system in the microfluidic chip. The immune response signal was the strongest when the average flow velocity was approximately 0.2 mm/s in the procalcitonin detection system. Compared with the amino and aldehyde group substrates, the epoxy group substrate has the highest antibody immobilization efficiency; compared with the surface modified by small molecular groups, the introduction of Poly-L-Lysine can increase the amount of antibody immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhong
- Beijing Key Lab of Precision/Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipments and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,AVIC Jincheng Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft System, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Precision/Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipments and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tianjin Research Institute for Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Precision/Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipments and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Tianjin Research Institute for Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiping Suo
- Tianjin Research Institute for Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Precision/Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipments and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tianjin Research Institute for Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Tianjin, China
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12
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Algar WR, Massey M, Rees K, Higgins R, Krause KD, Darwish GH, Peveler WJ, Xiao Z, Tsai HY, Gupta R, Lix K, Tran MV, Kim H. Photoluminescent Nanoparticles for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Imaging. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9243-9358. [PMID: 34282906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research related to the development and application of luminescent nanoparticles (LNPs) for chemical and biological analysis and imaging is flourishing. Novel materials and new applications continue to be reported after two decades of research. This review provides a comprehensive and heuristic overview of this field. It is targeted to both newcomers and experts who are interested in a critical assessment of LNP materials, their properties, strengths and weaknesses, and prospective applications. Numerous LNP materials are cataloged by fundamental descriptions of their chemical identities and physical morphology, quantitative photoluminescence (PL) properties, PL mechanisms, and surface chemistry. These materials include various semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, carbon dots, nanodiamonds, luminescent metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles and downshifting nanoparticles, triplet-triplet annihilation nanoparticles, persistent-luminescence nanoparticles, conjugated polymer nanoparticles and semiconducting polymer dots, multi-nanoparticle assemblies, and doped and labeled nanoparticles, including but not limited to those based on polymers and silica. As an exercise in the critical assessment of LNP properties, these materials are ranked by several application-related functional criteria. Additional sections highlight recent examples of advances in chemical and biological analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and cellular, tissue, and in vivo imaging and theranostics. These examples are drawn from the recent literature and organized by both LNP material and the particular properties that are leveraged to an advantage. Finally, a perspective on what comes next for the field is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rehan Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J Peveler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Zhujun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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13
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Tzepos RG, Raman E, Toote LE, Wright DW, Gerdon AE. Signal Amplification with Co(III) Protoporphyrin IX Nanoparticles and Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G. Tzepos
- Emmanuel College Department of Chemistry and Physics 400 Fenway Boston MA 02115
| | - Easwer Raman
- Emmanuel College Department of Chemistry and Physics 400 Fenway Boston MA 02115
| | - Lauren E. Toote
- Elizabethtown College Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 1 Alpha Drive Elizabethtown PA 17022
| | - David W. Wright
- Vanderbilt University Department of Chemistry 7330 Stevenson Center Nashville TN 37235
| | - Aren E. Gerdon
- Emmanuel College Department of Chemistry and Physics 400 Fenway Boston MA 02115
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14
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Sun BR, Zhou AG, Li X, Yu HZ. Development and Application of Mobile Apps for Molecular Sensing: A Review. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1731-1744. [PMID: 33955727 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Modern smartphone-based sensing devices are generally standalone detection platforms that can transduce signals (via the built-in USB port, audio jack, or camera), perform analysis through mobile applications (apps), and display results on the screen/user interface. The advancement toward this ultimate form of on-site chemical analysis and point-of-care diagnosis is tied closely with the evolution of mobile technology. Previous reviews in the field mainly focused on the physical platforms while overlooking the role of mobile apps in such devices. There exist three general stages throughout the development: (1) early generation telemedicine, (2) mobile phone-assisted clinical diagnosis (without apps), and (3) mobile app-based sensing devices for various analytes. This review presents the key breakthroughs during each stage, recent development, remaining challenges, and future perspectives of the field. Representative examples, spanning from the pioneering point-of-care testing to the latest devices with integrated mobile apps, are classified by their sensing mechanisms. The review also discusses the scarcity of open-source apps dedicated to molecular sensing. With the introduction of more open-source and commercial apps, the mobile app-based detection system is anticipated to dominate point-of-care diagnosis and on-site molecular sensing in our opinion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta R. Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Alvin G. Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Xiaochun Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Zhong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P.R. China
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15
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Vu DT, Le TTV, Hsu CC, Lai ND, Hecquet C, Benisty H. Positive role of the long luminescence lifetime of upconversion nanophosphors on resonant surfaces for ultra-compact filter-free bio-assays. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1-19. [PMID: 33659069 PMCID: PMC7899508 DOI: 10.1364/boe.405759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a compact array fluorescence sensor principle that takes advantage of the long luminescence lifetimes of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to deploy a filter-free, optics-less contact geometry, advantageous for modern biochemical assays of biomolecules, pollutants or cells. Based on technologically mature CMOS chips for ∼10 kHz technical/scientific imaging, we propose a contact geometry between assayed molecules or cells and a CMOS chip that makes use of only a faceplate or direct contact, employing time-window management to reject the 975 nm excitation light of highly efficient UCNPs. The chip surface is intended to implement, in future devices, a resonant waveguide grating (RWG) to enhance excitation efficiency, aiming at the improvement of upconversion luminescence emission intensity of UCNP deposited atop of such an RWG structure. Based on mock-up experiments that assess the actual chip rejection performance, we bracket the photometric figures of merit of such a promising chip principle and predict a limit of detection around 10-100 nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Tu Vu
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry, CNRS, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91127, France
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha-Dong District, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces (LuMIn), FRE 2036, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Thanh-Thu Vu Le
- Department of Physics and Center for Nano Bio-Detection, National Chung Cheng University, Ming Hsiung, Chia Yi, 621, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Hsu
- Department of Physics and Center for Nano Bio-Detection, National Chung Cheng University, Ming Hsiung, Chia Yi, 621, Taiwan
| | - Ngoc Diep Lai
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces (LuMIn), FRE 2036, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Christophe Hecquet
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry, CNRS, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91127, France
| | - Henri Benisty
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry, CNRS, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91127, France
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16
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Call ZD, Carrell CS, Jang I, Geiss BJ, Dandy DS, Henry CS. Paper-based pump-free magnetophoresis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5177-5185. [PMID: 33073789 PMCID: PMC7666097 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01523g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic magnetophoresis is a powerful technique that is used to separate and/or isolate cells of interest from complex matrices for analysis. However, mechanical pumps are required to drive flow, limiting portability and making translation to point-of-care (POC) settings difficult. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) offer an alternative to traditional microfluidic devices that do not require external pumps to generate flow. However, μPADs are not typically used for particle analysis because most particles become trapped in the porous fiber network. Here we report the ability of newly developed fast-flow microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (ffPADs) to perform magnetophoresis. ffPADs use capillary action in a gap between stacked layers of paper and transparency sheets to drive flow at higher velocities than traditional μPADs. The multi-layer ffPADs allow particles and cells to move through the gap without being trapped in the paper layers. We first demonstrate that ffPADs enable magnetic particle separations in a μPAD with a neodymium permanent magnet and study key factors that affect performance. To demonstrate utility, E. coli was used as a model analyte and was isolated from human urine before detection with a fluorescently labeled antibody. A capture efficiency of 61.5% was then obtained of E. coli labeled magnetic beads in human urine. Future studies will look at the improvement of the capture efficiency and to make this assay completely off-chip without the need of a fluorescent label. The assay and device described here demonstrate the first example of magnetophoresis in a paper based, pump free microfluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D Call
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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17
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Laghrib F, Saqrane S, El Bouabi Y, Farahi A, Bakasse M, Lahrich S, El Mhammedi MA. Current progress on COVID-19 related to biosensing technologies: New opportunity for detection and monitoring of viruses. Microchem J 2020; 160:105606. [PMID: 33052148 PMCID: PMC7543751 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 infection poses a serious risk to human life by causing acute lung damage. Various techniques used to identify and quantify COVID-19 infection. Major challenges for containing the spread of COVID-19 is the ability to identify asymptomatic cases. Currently available diagnostic methods, biosensing technology developed during COVID-19 infection.
The technologies used for coronavirus testing consist of a pre-existing device developed to examine different pathologies, such as bacterial infections, or cancer biomarkers. However, for the 2019 pandemic, researchers knew that their technology could be modified to detect a low viral load at an early stage. Today, countries around the world are working to control the new coronavirus disease (n-SARS-CoV-2). From this perspective, laboratories, universities, and companies around the world have embarked on a race to develop and produce much-needed test kits. This review has been developed to provide an overview of current trends and strategies in n-SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics based on traditional and new emerging assessment technologies, to continuous innovation. It focuses on recent trends in biosensors to build a fast, reliable, more sensitive, accessible, user-friendly system and easily adaptable technology n-SARS-CoV-2 detection and monitoring. On the whole, we have addressed and identified research evidence supporting the use of biosensors on the premise that screening people for n-SARS-CoV-2 is the best way to contain its spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Laghrib
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Chemistry, Modeling and Environmental Sciences, Polydisciplinary Faculty, 25 000 Khouribga, Morocco
| | - S Saqrane
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Chemistry, Modeling and Environmental Sciences, Polydisciplinary Faculty, 25 000 Khouribga, Morocco
| | - Y El Bouabi
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Chemistry, Modeling and Environmental Sciences, Polydisciplinary Faculty, 25 000 Khouribga, Morocco
| | - A Farahi
- Ibn Zohr University, Team of Catalysis and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, BP 8106 Agadir, Morocco
| | - M Bakasse
- Chouaib Doukkali University, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Organic Bioorganic Chemistry and Environment, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - S Lahrich
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Chemistry, Modeling and Environmental Sciences, Polydisciplinary Faculty, 25 000 Khouribga, Morocco
| | - M A El Mhammedi
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Chemistry, Modeling and Environmental Sciences, Polydisciplinary Faculty, 25 000 Khouribga, Morocco
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18
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Chern M, Garden PM, Baer RC, Galagan JE, Dennis AM. Transcription Factor Based Small‐Molecule Sensing with a Rapid Cell Phone Enabled Fluorescent Bead Assay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Chern
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - Padric M. Garden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - R C. Baer
- Department of Microbiology Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - James E. Galagan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA
- Department of Microbiology Boston University Boston MA USA
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - Allison M. Dennis
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA
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19
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Chern M, Garden PM, Baer RC, Galagan JE, Dennis AM. Transcription Factor Based Small-Molecule Sensing with a Rapid Cell Phone Enabled Fluorescent Bead Assay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21597-21602. [PMID: 32945589 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, allosteric transcription factors (TFs) were identified as a novel class of biorecognition elements for in vitro sensing, whereby an indicator of the differential binding affinity between a TF and its cognate DNA exhibits dose-dependent responsivity to an analyte. Described is a modular bead-based biosensor design that can be applied to such TF-DNA-analyte systems. DNA-functionalized beads enable efficient mixing and spatial separation, while TF-labeled semiconductor quantum dots serve as bright fluorescent indicators of the TF-DNA bound (on bead) and unbound states. The prototype sensor for derivatives of the antibiotic tetracycline exhibits nanomolar sensitivity with visual detection of bead fluorescence. Facile changes to the sensor enable sensor response tuning without necessitating changes to the biomolecular affinities. Assay components self-assemble, and readout by eye or digital camera is possible within 5 minutes of analyte addition, making sensor use facile, rapid, and instrument-free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Chern
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Padric M Garden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R C Baer
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James E Galagan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allison M Dennis
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Chern M, Toufanian R, Dennis AM. Quantum dot to quantum dot Förster resonance energy transfer: engineering materials for visual color change sensing. Analyst 2020; 145:5754-5767. [PMID: 32715305 PMCID: PMC8275315 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, quantum dots (QDs) of various heterostructured compositions and shell thicknesses are used as Förster or fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) donors and acceptors to optimize QD-QD FRET sensing through materials design. While several reports have highlighted the advantages of using QD-dye, rather than dye-dye, FRET in sensing applications, QD-QD FRET has lagged behind in development as a result of high background signal from direct acceptor excitation. However, in designing sensors for longitudinal studies, QD-dye sensors are limited by the photostability of the fluorescent dye. While fluorescence generally affords higher sensitivity than absorbance-based readouts, the instrumentation needed for detecting fluorescence can be expensive, motivating the development of sensors bright enough to be seen by eye or imaged with cheap consumer electronics. Harnessing the exceptional brightness of QDs, our study focuses on the development of QD-QD FRET pairs where color change is achieved for visual readout and instrument-free sensing. We demonstrate that bulk semiconductor material characteristics can be used to a priori predict and tailor the behavior of QD-QD FRET systems, and our findings show that it is possible to create QD donors that are brighter than their acceptors through concerted compositional and morphological choices in heterostructured QDs. This is significant for developing visual sensors, as we show that the most profound color change occurs when the direct acceptor emission is lower than that of the donor. Finally, the use of an optimal cadmium-free QD-QD FRET pair is presented in a pH sensor that shows a large range of pH-dependent color change with bright, instrument-free readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Chern
- Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215 USA.
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21
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Darwish GH, Asselin J, Tran MV, Gupta R, Kim H, Boudreau D, Algar WR. Fully Self-Assembled Silica Nanoparticle-Semiconductor Quantum Dot Supra-Nanoparticles and Immunoconjugates for Enhanced Cellular Imaging by Microscopy and Smartphone Camera. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:33530-33540. [PMID: 32672938 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing need for brighter luminescent materials to improve the detection and imaging of biomarkers. Relevant contexts include low-abundance biomarkers and technology-limited applications, where an example of the latter is the emerging use of smartphones and other nonoptimal but low-cost and portable devices for point-of-care diagnostics. One approach to achieving brighter luminescent materials is incorporating multiple copies of a luminescent material into a larger supra-nanoparticle (supra-NP) assembly. Here, we present a facile method for the preparation and immunoconjugation of supra-NP assemblies (SiO2@QDs) that comprised many quantum dots (QDs) around a central silica nanoparticle (SiO2 NP). The assembly was entirely driven by spontaneous affinity interactions between the constituent materials, which included imidazoline-functionalized silica nanoparticles, ligand-coated QDs, imidazole-functionalized dextran, and tetrameric antibody complexes (TACs). The physical and optical properties of the SiO2@QDs were characterized at both the ensemble and single-particle levels. Notably, the optical properties of the QDs were preserved upon assembly into supra-NPs, and single SiO2@QDs were approximately an order of magnitude brighter than single QDs and nonblinking. In proof-of-concept applications, including selective immunolabeling of breast cancer cells, the SiO2@QDs provided higher sensitivity and superior signal-to-background ratios whether using research-grade fluorescence microscopy or smartphone-based imaging. Overall, the SiO2@QDs are promising materials for enhanced bioanalysis and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jérémie Asselin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Département de chimie et Centre d'optique, photonique et laser (COPL), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Denis Boudreau
- Département de chimie et Centre d'optique, photonique et laser (COPL), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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22
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Chung YJ, Kim J, Park CB. Photonic Carbon Dots as an Emerging Nanoagent for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6470-6497. [PMID: 32441509 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As a class of carbon-based nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted enormous attention because of their tunable optical and physicochemical properties, such as absorptivity and photoluminescence from ultraviolet to near-infrared, high photostability, biocompatibility, and aqueous dispersity. These characteristics make CDs a promising alternative photonic nanoagent to conventional fluorophores in disease diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare managements. This review describes the fundamental photophysical properties of CDs and highlights their recent applications to bioimaging, photomedicine (e.g., photodynamic/photothermal therapies), biosensors, and healthcare devices. We discuss current challenges and future prospects of photonic CDs to give an insight into developing vibrant fields of CD-based biomedicine and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Jung Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Beum Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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23
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Magro M, Venerando A, Macone A, Canettieri G, Agostinelli E, Vianello F. Nanotechnology-Based Strategies to Develop New Anticancer Therapies. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E735. [PMID: 32397196 PMCID: PMC7278173 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The blooming of nanotechnology has made available a limitless landscape of solutions responding to crucial issues in many fields and, nowadays, a wide choice of nanotechnology-based strategies can be adopted to circumvent the limitations of conventional therapies for cancer. Herein, the current stage of nanotechnological applications for cancer management is summarized encompassing the core nanomaterials as well as the available chemical-physical approaches for their surface functionalization and drug ligands as possible therapeutic agents. The use of nanomaterials as vehicles to delivery various therapeutic substances is reported emphasizing advantages, such as the high drug loading, the enhancement of the pay-load half-life and bioavailability. Particular attention was dedicated to highlight the importance of nanomaterial intrinsic features. Indeed, the ability of combining the properties of the transported drug with the ones of the nano-sized carrier can lead to multifunctional theranostic tools. In this view, fluorescence of carbon quantum dots, optical properties of gold nanoparticle and superparamagnetism of iron oxide nanoparticles, are fundamental examples. Furthermore, smart anticancer devices can be developed by conjugating enzymes to nanoparticles, as in the case of bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO) and gold nanoparticles. The present review is aimed at providing an overall vision on nanotechnological strategies to face the threat of human cancer, comprising opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Andrea Venerando
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Alberto Macone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Canettieri
- Pasteur Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy;
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Agostinelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, A. Rossi Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; (M.M.); (A.V.)
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
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24
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Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang X, Li X, Yu HZ. Indirect Competitive Immunoassay on a Blu-ray Disc for Digitized Quantitation of Food Toxins. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1239-1245. [PMID: 32237719 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a Blu-ray disc technology enabled immunoassay (namely, assay-on-a-Blu-ray) protocol for the quantitation of food toxins. In particular, commercial Blu-ray discs (BDs) are activated as substrates to create indirect competitive immunoassays with the aid of microfluidic channel plates for the quantitation of aflatoxins; an unmodified Blu-ray drive is employed to read the digitized signal (error counts generated from gold/silver-particle-enhanced binding sites); and a free disc-quality control software is adapted to process the raw data. The performance of this BD-based digital detection platform has been tested for the quantitation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in spiked corn samples and validated with standard high-performance liquid chromatography measurements. The detection limit attained is as low as 0.27 ppb with a dynamic response range up to 200 ppb, which meets the standards established by government agencies worldwide for food products. We truly believe that the application potential of such a BD-technology-based, portable device for multiplex on-site quantitative analysis of food products as well as environmental and biomedical samples in real time is unlimited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Hairong Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
| | - Xiaochun Li
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
| | - Hua-Zhong Yu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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25
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Tran MV, Susumu K, Medintz IL, Algar WR. Supraparticle Assemblies of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots for Selective Cell Isolation and Counting on a Smartphone-Based Imaging Platform. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11963-11971. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael V. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- KeyW Corporation, Hanover, Maryland 21076, United States
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - W. Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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26
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Gupta R, Peveler WJ, Lix K, Algar WR. Comparison of Semiconducting Polymer Dots and Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Smartphone-Based Fluorescence Assays. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10955-10960. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J. Peveler
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - W. Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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27
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Geng Y, Peveler WJ, Rotello VM. Array-based "Chemical Nose" Sensing in Diagnostics and Drug Discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5190-5200. [PMID: 30347522 PMCID: PMC6800156 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Array-based sensor "chemical nose/tongue" platforms are inspired by the mammalian olfactory system. Multiple sensor elements in these devices selectively interact with target analytes, producing a distinct pattern of response and enabling analyte identification. This approach offers unique opportunities relative to "traditional" highly specific sensor elements such as antibodies. Array-based sensors excel at distinguishing small changes in complex mixtures, and this capability is being leveraged for chemical biology studies and clinical pathology, enabled by a diverse toolkit of new molecular, bioconjugate and nanomaterial technologies. Innovation in the design and analysis of arrays provides a robust set of tools for advancing biomedical goals, including precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Geng
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst MA 01003, U.S.A
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst MA 01003, U.S.A
| | - William J. Peveler
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst MA 01003, U.S.A
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28
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Geng Y, Peveler WJ, Rotello VM. Array‐basierte Sensorik mit der “chemischen Nase” in der Diagnostik und Wirkstoffentdeckung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Geng
- Molecular and Cellular Biology ProgramUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - William J. Peveler
- Division of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringUniversity of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8LT Großbritannien
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Kanada
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
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29
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Tortajada-Genaro LA, Yamanaka ES, Maquieira Á. Consumer electronics devices for DNA genotyping based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification and array hybridisation. Talanta 2019; 198:424-431. [PMID: 30876582 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Consumer electronic technologies offer practical performances to develop compact biosensing systems intended for the point-of-care testing of DNA biomarkers. Herein a discrimination method for detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms, based on isothermal amplification and on-chip hybridisation, was developed and integrated into user-friendly optical devices: e.g., USB digital microscope, flatbed scanner, smartphone and DVD drive. In order to adequately identify a single base change, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was employed, with high yields (8 orders) within 45 min. Subsequently, products were directly hybridised to the allele-specific probes attached to plastic chips in an array format. After colorimetric staining, four consumer electronic techniques were compared. Sensitive precise measurements were taken (high signal-to-noise ratios, 10-μm image resolution, 99% scan-to-scan reproducibility). These features confirmed their potential as analytical tools, are a competitive alternative to fluorescence scanners, and incorporate additional advantages, such as user-friendly interface and connectivity for telemedicine needs. The analytical performances of the integrated platform (assay and reader) in the human samples were also excellent, with a low detection limit (100 genomic DNA copies), and reproducible (<15%) and cheap assays (< 10 €/test). The correct genotyping of a genetic biomarker (single-nucleotide polymorphism located in the GRIK4 gene) was achieved as the assigned genotypes agreed with those determined by using sequencing. The portability, favourable discriminating and read-out capabilities reveal that the implementation of mass-produced low-cost devices into minimal-specialised clinical laboratories is closer to becoming a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Tortajada-Genaro
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, E46022 Valencia, Spain; Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-La Fe, Nanomedicine and Sensors, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Eric Seiti Yamanaka
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, E46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Maquieira
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, E46022 Valencia, Spain; Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Unidad Mixta UPV-La Fe, Nanomedicine and Sensors, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Chern M, Kays JC, Bhuckory S, Dennis AM. Sensing with photoluminescent semiconductor quantum dots. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:012005. [PMID: 30530939 PMCID: PMC7233465 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aaf6f8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent sensors benefit from high signal-to-noise and multiple measurement modalities, enabling a multitude of applications and flexibility of design. Semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) are excellent fluorophores for sensors because of their extraordinary optical properties. They have high thermal and photochemical stability compared to organic dyes or fluorescent proteins and are extremely bright due to their large molar cross-sections. In contrast to organic dyes, QD emission profiles are symmetric, with relatively narrow bandwidths. In addition, the size tunability of their emission color, which is a result of quantum confinement, make QDs exceptional emitters with high color purity from the ultra-violet to near infrared wavelength range. The role of QDs in sensors ranges from simple fluorescent tags, as used in immunoassays, to intrinsic sensors that utilize the inherent photophysical response of QDs to fluctuations in temperature, electric field, or ion concentration. In more complex configurations, QDs and biomolecular recognition moieties like antibodies are combined with a third component to modulate the optical signal via energy transfer. QDs can act as donors, acceptors, or both in energy transfer-based sensors using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), nanometal surface energy transfer (NSET), or charge or electron transfer. The changes in both spectral response and photoluminescent lifetimes have been successfully harnessed to produce sensitive sensors and multiplexed devices. While technical challenges related to biofunctionalization and the high cost of laboratory-grade fluorimeters have thus far prevented broad implementation of QD-based sensing in clinical or commercial settings, improvements in bioconjugation methods and detection schemes, including using simple consumer devices like cell phone cameras, are lowering the barrier to broad use of more sensitive QD-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Chern
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, United States of America
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31
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Markwalter C, Kantor AG, Moore CP, Richardson KA, Wright DW. Inorganic Complexes and Metal-Based Nanomaterials for Infectious Disease Diagnostics. Chem Rev 2019; 119:1456-1518. [PMID: 30511833 PMCID: PMC6348445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases claim millions of lives each year. Robust and accurate diagnostics are essential tools for identifying those who are at risk and in need of treatment in low-resource settings. Inorganic complexes and metal-based nanomaterials continue to drive the development of diagnostic platforms and strategies that enable infectious disease detection in low-resource settings. In this review, we highlight works from the past 20 years in which inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology were implemented in each of the core components that make up a diagnostic test. First, we present how inorganic biomarkers and their properties are leveraged for infectious disease detection. In the following section, we detail metal-based technologies that have been employed for sample preparation and biomarker isolation from sample matrices. We then describe how inorganic- and nanomaterial-based probes have been utilized in point-of-care diagnostics for signal generation. The following section discusses instrumentation for signal readout in resource-limited settings. Next, we highlight the detection of nucleic acids at the point of care as an emerging application of inorganic chemistry. Lastly, we consider the challenges that remain for translation of the aforementioned diagnostic platforms to low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David W. Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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32
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Abstract
Until very recently, handheld spectrometers were the domain of major analytical and security instrument companies, with turnkey analyzers using spectroscopic techniques from X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for elemental analysis (metals), to Raman, mid-infrared, and near-infrared (NIR) for molecular analysis (mostly organics). However, the past few years have seen rapid changes in this landscape with the introduction of handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), smartphone spectroscopy focusing on medical diagnostics for low-resource areas, commercial engines that a variety of companies can build up into products, hyphenated or dual technology instruments, low-cost visible-shortwave NIR instruments selling directly to the public, and, most recently, portable hyperspectral imaging instruments. Successful handheld instruments are designed to give answers to non-scientist operators; therefore, their developers have put extensive resources into reliable identification algorithms, spectroscopic libraries or databases, and qualitative and quantitative calibrations. As spectroscopic instruments become smaller and lower cost, "engines" have emerged, leading to the possibility of being incorporated in consumer devices and smart appliances, part of the Internet of Things (IOT). This review outlines the technologies used in portable spectroscopy, discusses their applications, both qualitative and quantitative, and how instrument developers and vendors have approached giving actionable answers to non-scientists. It outlines concerns on crowdsourced data, especially for heterogeneous samples, and finally looks towards the future in areas like IOT, emerging technologies for instruments, and portable hyphenated and hyperspectral instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C. Sun
- Electrical and Computer Engineering; University of California in; San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Drew A. Hall
- Electrical and Computer Engineering; University of California in; San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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34
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Zhu J, Wen M, Wen W, Du D, Zhang X, Wang S, Lin Y. Recent progress in biosensors based on organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 120:175-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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35
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Walper SA, Lasarte Aragonés G, Sapsford KE, Brown CW, Rowland CE, Breger JC, Medintz IL. Detecting Biothreat Agents: From Current Diagnostics to Developing Sensor Technologies. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1894-2024. [PMID: 30080029 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although a fundamental understanding of the pathogenicity of most biothreat agents has been elucidated and available treatments have increased substantially over the past decades, they still represent a significant public health threat in this age of (bio)terrorism, indiscriminate warfare, pollution, climate change, unchecked population growth, and globalization. The key step to almost all prevention, protection, prophylaxis, post-exposure treatment, and mitigation of any bioagent is early detection. Here, we review available methods for detecting bioagents including pathogenic bacteria and viruses along with their toxins. An introduction placing this subject in the historical context of previous naturally occurring outbreaks and efforts to weaponize selected agents is first provided along with definitions and relevant considerations. An overview of the detection technologies that find use in this endeavor along with how they provide data or transduce signal within a sensing configuration follows. Current "gold" standards for biothreat detection/diagnostics along with a listing of relevant FDA approved in vitro diagnostic devices is then discussed to provide an overview of the current state of the art. Given the 2014 outbreak of Ebola virus in Western Africa and the recent 2016 spread of Zika virus in the Americas, discussion of what constitutes a public health emergency and how new in vitro diagnostic devices are authorized for emergency use in the U.S. are also included. The majority of the Review is then subdivided around the sensing of bacterial, viral, and toxin biothreats with each including an overview of the major agents in that class, a detailed cross-section of different sensing methods in development based on assay format or analytical technique, and some discussion of related microfluidic lab-on-a-chip/point-of-care devices. Finally, an outlook is given on how this field will develop from the perspective of the biosensing technology itself and the new emerging threats they may face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Guillermo Lasarte Aragonés
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- College of Science, George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Kim E. Sapsford
- OMPT/CDRH/OIR/DMD Bacterial Respiratory and Medical Countermeasures Branch, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Carl W. Brown
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- College of Science, George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Clare E. Rowland
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20036, United States
| | - Joyce C. Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
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36
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Stavra E, Petrou PS, Koukouvinos G, Kiritsis C, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M, Goustouridis D, Economou A, Misiakos K, Raptis I, Kakabakos SE. Simultaneous determination of paraquat and atrazine in water samples with a white light reflectance spectroscopy biosensor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 359:67-75. [PMID: 30014916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An optical immunosensor based on White Light Reflectance Spectroscopy for the simultaneous determination of the herbicides atrazine and paraquat in drinking water samples is demonstrated. The biosensor allows for the label-free real-time monitoring of biomolecular interactions taking place onto a SiO2/Si chip by transforming the shift in the reflected interference spectrum due to reaction to effective biomolecular layer thickness. Dual-analyte determination is accomplished by functionalizing spatially distinct areas of the chip with protein conjugates of the two herbicides and scanning the surface with an optical reflection probe. A competitive immunoassay format was adopted, followed by reaction with secondary antibodies for signal enhancement. The sensor was highly sensitive with detection limits of 40 and 50 pg/mL for paraquat and atrazine, respectively, and the assay duration was 12 min. Recovery values ranging from 90.0 to 110% were determined for the two pesticides in spiked bottled and tap water samples, demonstrating the sensor accuracy. In addition, the sensor could be regenerated and re-used at least 20 times without significant effect on the assay characteristics. Its excellent analytical performance and short analysis time combined with the small sensor size should be helpful for fast on-site determinations of these analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Stavra
- Immunoassays-Immunosensors Lab, INRASTES, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; Analytical Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Zografou, Greece
| | - Panagiota S Petrou
- Immunoassays-Immunosensors Lab, INRASTES, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
| | - Georgios Koukouvinos
- Immunoassays-Immunosensors Lab, INRASTES, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Christos Kiritsis
- Radiopharmaceuticals Lab, INRASTES, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Ioannis Pirmettis
- Radiopharmaceuticals Lab, INRASTES, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Minas Papadopoulos
- Radiopharmaceuticals Lab, INRASTES, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Goustouridis
- ThetaMetrisis S.A., Polydefkous 14, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; Electronics Department, TEI of Piraeus, 12244 Egaleo, Greece
| | - Anastasios Economou
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Zografou, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Misiakos
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Ioannis Raptis
- ThetaMetrisis S.A., Polydefkous 14, 12243 Egaleo, Greece
| | - Sotirios E Kakabakos
- Immunoassays-Immunosensors Lab, INRASTES, NCSR "Demokritos", 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
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Matsumura Y, Enomoto Y, Takahashi M, Maenosono S. Metal (Au, Pt) Nanoparticle-Latex Nanocomposites as Probes for Immunochromatographic Test Strips with Enhanced Sensitivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:31977-31987. [PMID: 30184422 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of a sensitive and rapid diagnostic test for early detection of infectious viruses is urgently required to defend against pandemic and infectious diseases including seasonal influenza. In this study, we developed noble metal (Au, Pt) nanoparticle-latex nanocomposite particles for use as probes for immunochromatographic test (ICT) strips. The nanocomposite particles were conjugated with monoclonal antibody (mAb) to detect an influenza A (H1N1) antigen. For comparison, Au nanoparticles conjugated with mAb were also prepared. The lowest detectable concentrations of the influenza A antigen were found to be 6.25 × 10-3 and 2.5 × 10-2 HAU/mL for Au nanoparticle-latex and Pt nanoparticle-latex nanocomposite particles, respectively, whereas it was 4.0 × 10-1 HAU/mL for Au nanoparticles. These results clearly demonstrated that the nanocomposite probes were more sensitive than conventional nanoparticle-based probes for ICT. To expand the versatility of the nanocomposite probes, the surfaces of the probes were functionalized with biotinylated proteins to enable modification of their surfaces with desired biotinylated antibodies through biotin-avidin binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Matsumura
- New Materials Development Center, Research & Development Division , Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd. , 1-Tsukiji , Kisarazu , Chiba 292-0835 , Japan
| | - Yasushi Enomoto
- New Materials Development Center, Research & Development Division , Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd. , 1-Tsukiji , Kisarazu , Chiba 292-0835 , Japan
| | - Mari Takahashi
- School of Materials Science , Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 1-1 Asahidai , Nomi , Ishikawa 923-1292 , Japan
| | - Shinya Maenosono
- School of Materials Science , Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 1-1 Asahidai , Nomi , Ishikawa 923-1292 , Japan
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38
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Wang Y, Liu X, Chen P, Tran NT, Zhang J, Chia WS, Boujday S, Liedberg B. Smartphone spectrometer for colorimetric biosensing. Analyst 2018; 141:3233-8. [PMID: 27163736 DOI: 10.1039/c5an02508g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on a smartphone spectrometer for colorimetric biosensing applications. The spectrometer relies on a sample cell with an integrated grating substrate, and the smartphone's built-in light-emitting diode flash and camera. The feasibility of the smartphone spectrometer is demonstrated for detection of glucose and human cardiac troponin I, the latter in conjunction with peptide-functionalized gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore. and Wenzhou Institute of Biomedical and Engineering, CNITECH, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Liu
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore.
| | - Peng Chen
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore.
| | - Nhung Thi Tran
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore.
| | - Jinling Zhang
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore.
| | - Wei Sheng Chia
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore.
| | - Souhir Boujday
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore. and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, UMR CNRS 7197, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, F75005 Paris, France
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore.
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39
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Peveler WJ, Landis RF, Yazdani M, Day JW, Modi R, Carmalt CJ, Rosenberg WM, Rotello VM. A Rapid and Robust Diagnostic for Liver Fibrosis Using a Multichannel Polymer Sensor Array. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800634. [PMID: 29797373 PMCID: PMC6433391 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease is the fifth most common cause of premature death in the Western world, with the irreversible damage caused by fibrosis, and ultimately cirrhosis, a primary driver of mortality. Early detection of fibrosis would facilitate treatment of the underlying liver disease to limit progression. Unfortunately, most cases of liver disease are diagnosed late, with current strategies reliant on invasive biopsy or fragile lab-based antibody technologies. A robust, fully synthetic fluorescent-polymer sensor array is reported, which, rapidly (in 45 minutes), detects liver fibrosis from low-volume serum samples with clinically relevant specificity and accuracy, using an easily readable diagnostic output. The simplicity, rapidity, and robustness of this method make it a promising platform for point-of-care diagnostics for detecting and monitoring liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Peveler
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ryan F. Landis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Mahdieh Yazdani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - James W. Day
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, University College London, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Raakesh Modi
- iQur Ltd, LBIC, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - William M. Rosenberg
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, University College London, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
- iQur Ltd, LBIC, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
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40
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Fu G, Sanjay ST, Zhou W, Brekken RA, Kirken RA, Li X. Exploration of Nanoparticle-Mediated Photothermal Effect of TMB-H 2O 2 Colorimetric System and Its Application in a Visual Quantitative Photothermal Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5930-5937. [PMID: 29641893 PMCID: PMC6177380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of new physical and chemical properties of materials and their innovative application in different fields are of great importance to advance analytical chemistry, material science, and other important fields. Herein, we, for the first time, discovered the photothermal effect of an iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated TMB (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine)-H2O2 colorimetric system, and applied it toward the development of a new NP-mediated photothermal immunoassay platform for visual quantitative biomolecule detection using a thermometer as the signal reader. Using a sandwich-type proof-of-concept immunoassay, we found that the charge transfer complex of the iron oxide NPs-mediated one-electron oxidation product of TMB (oxidized TMB) exhibited not only color changes, but also a strong near-infrared (NIR) laser-driven photothermal effect. Hence, oxidized TMB was explored as a new sensitive photothermal probe to convert the immunoassay signal into heat through the near-infrared laser-driven photothermal effect, enabling simple photothermal immunoassay using a thermometer. Based on the new iron oxide NPs-mediated TMB-H2O2 photothermal immunoassay platform, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a model biomarker can be detected at a concentration as low as 1.0 ng·mL-1 in normal human serum. The discovered photothermal effect of the colorimetric system and the developed new photothermal immunoassay platform open up a new horizon for affordable detection of disease biomarkers and have great potential for other important material and biomedical applications of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Sharma T. Sanjay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Wan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Rolf A. Brekken
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Robert A. Kirken
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - XiuJun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
- Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
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41
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Giedraityte Z, Tuomisto M, Lastusaari M, Karppinen M. Three- and Two-Photon NIR-to-Vis (Yb,Er) Upconversion from ALD/MLD-Fabricated Molecular Hybrid Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:8845-8852. [PMID: 29446918 PMCID: PMC6168183 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report blue, green, and red upconversion emissions with strongly angular-dependent intensities for a new type of hybrid (Y,Yb,Er)-pyrazine thin films realized using the atomic/molecular layer deposition thin-film fabrication technology. The luminescence emissions in our amorphous (Y,Yb,Er)-pyrazine thin films of a controllable nanothickness originate from three- and two-photon NIR-to-vis excitation processes. In addition to shielding the lanthanide ions from nonradiative de-excitation, the network of interconnected organic molecules serves as an excellent matrix for the Yb3+-to-Er3+ excitation energy transfer. This suggests a new approach to achieve efficient upconverting molecular materials with the potential to be used for next-generation medical diagnostics, waveguides, and surface-sensitive detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivile Giedraityte
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Minnea Tuomisto
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Doctoral
Programme in Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS), FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Lastusaari
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Turku
University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf), FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Maarit Karppinen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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42
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He E, Cao T, Cai L, Guo D, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Li Z. A disposable microcapsule array chip fabricated by ice printing combined with isothermal amplification for Salmonella DNA detection. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39561-39566. [PMID: 35558039 PMCID: PMC9090901 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07045h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel microcapsule array chip was fabricated for the detection of Salmonella DNA by integrating an ice-printing technique with DNA isothermal amplification. Reaction solutions were previously sealed in the microcapsule array chip via ice printing. To protect the relatively fragile DNA isothermal amplification system, an extra polystyrene (PS) film was introduced to isolate the reaction solution from photopolymer precursor, which was proved to be a vital step for providing a clean and stable environment for DNA amplification reaction. Detection operation can be done by simply injecting sample DNA into the microcapsule by an easily accessible syringe, and the result can be directly obtained through color change within 90 minutes. This method shows good sensitivity, specificity and stability. An ice printing fabricated microcapsule array chip is demonstrated based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification for visual salmonella DNA detection.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqi He
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Ting Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Liangyuan Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Dan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Yinglin Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Xinxiang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Zhihong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication
- Institute of Microelectronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
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43
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Microfluidic paper-based device for colorimetric determination of glucose based on a metal-organic framework acting as peroxidase mimetic. Mikrochim Acta 2017; 185:47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2575-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Han Y, Noor MO, Sedighi A, Uddayasankar U, Doughan S, Krull UJ. Inorganic Nanoparticles as Donors in Resonance Energy Transfer for Solid-Phase Bioassays and Biosensors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12839-12858. [PMID: 28759726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioassays for the rapid detection and quantification of specific nucleic acids, proteins, and peptides are fundamental tools in many clinical settings. Traditional optical emission methods have focused on the use of molecular dyes as labels to track selective binding interactions and as probes that are sensitive to environmental changes. Such dyes can offer good detection limits based on brightness but typically have broad emission bands and suffer from time-dependent photobleaching. Inorganic nanoparticles such as quantum dots and upconversion nanoparticles are photostable over prolonged exposure to excitation radiation and tend to offer narrow emission bands, providing a greater opportunity for multiwavelength multiplexing. Importantly, in contrast to molecular dyes, nanoparticles offer substantial surface area and can serve as platforms to carry a large number of conjugated molecules. The surface chemistry of inorganic nanoparticles offers both challenges and opportunities for the control of solubility and functionality for selective molecular interactions by the assembly of coatings through coordination chemistry. This report reviews advances in the compositional design and methods of conjugation of inorganic quantum dots and upconversion nanoparticles and the assembly of combinations of nanoparticles to achieve energy exchange. Our interest is the exploration of configurations where the modified nanoparticles can be immobilized to solid substrates for the development of bioassays and biosensors that operate by resonance energy transfer (RET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - M Omair Noor
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Abootaleb Sedighi
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Uvaraj Uddayasankar
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Samer Doughan
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Ulrich J Krull
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
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45
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Guha S, Jamal FI, Wenger C. A Review on Passive and Integrated Near-Field Microwave Biosensors. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2017; 7:bios7040042. [PMID: 28946617 PMCID: PMC5746765 DOI: 10.3390/bios7040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we review the advancement of passive and integrated microwave biosensors. The interaction of microwave with biological material is discussed in this paper. Passive microwave biosensors are microwave structures, which are fabricated on a substrate and are used for sensing biological materials. On the other hand, integrated biosensors are microwave structures fabricated in standard semiconductor technology platform (CMOS or BiCMOS). The CMOS or BiCMOS sensor technology offers a more compact sensing approach which has the potential in the future for point of care testing systems. Various applications of the passive and the integrated sensors have been discussed in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Guha
- IHP, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.
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46
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Chan HN, Tan MJA, Wu H. Point-of-care testing: applications of 3D printing. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2713-2739. [PMID: 28702608 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00397h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) devices fulfil a critical need in the modern healthcare ecosystem, enabling the decentralized delivery of imperative clinical strategies in both developed and developing worlds. To achieve diagnostic utility and clinical impact, POCT technologies are immensely dependent on effective translation from academic laboratories out to real-world deployment. However, the current research and development pipeline is highly bottlenecked owing to multiple restraints in material, cost, and complexity of conventionally available fabrication techniques. Recently, 3D printing technology has emerged as a revolutionary, industry-compatible method enabling cost-effective, facile, and rapid manufacturing of objects. This has allowed iterative design-build-test cycles of various things, from microfluidic chips to smartphone interfaces, that are geared towards point-of-care applications. In this review, we focus on highlighting recent works that exploit 3D printing in developing POCT devices, underscoring its utility in all analytical steps. Moreover, we also discuss key advantages of adopting 3D printing in the device development pipeline and identify promising opportunities in 3D printing technology that can benefit global health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Nam Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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47
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Hassan MM, Ranzoni A, Cooper MA. A nanoparticle-based method for culture-free bacterial DNA enrichment from whole blood. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 99:150-155. [PMID: 28753457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are one of the quick and sensitive detection approaches used in current clinical applications, but always face a performance tradeoff between time-to-result and assay sensitivity. One critical setting where these limitations are evident is the detection of sepsis, where 6-10mL of whole blood may contain as little as one bacterial colony forming unit (cfu). The large sample volume, complex nature of the sample and low analyte concentration necessitates signal enhancement using culture-based or molecular amplification techniques. In the time-critical diagnosis of sepsis, waiting for up to 24h to produce sufficient DNA for analysis is not possible. As a consequence, there is a need for integrated sample preparation methods that could enable shorter detection times, whilst maintaining high analytical performance. We report the development of a culture-free bacterial enrichment method to concentrate bacteria from whole blood in less than 3h. The method relies on triple-enrichment steps to magnetically concentrate bacterial cells and their DNA with a 500-fold reduction in sample volume (from 10 to 0.02mL). Using this sample preparation method, sensitive qPCR detection of the extracted S. aureus bacterial DNA was achieved with a detection limit of 5±0.58cfu/mL within a total elapsed time of 4h; much faster than conventional culture-based approaches. The method could be fully automated for integration into clinical practice for point-of-care or molecular detection of bacterial DNA from whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Hassan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrea Ranzoni
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew A Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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48
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Kappi FA, Papadopoulos GA, Tsogas GZ, Giokas DL. Low-cost colorimetric assay of biothiols based on the photochemical reduction of silver halides and consumer electronic imaging devices. Talanta 2017; 172:15-22. [PMID: 28602288 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This work describes a new approach for the determination of free biothiols in biological fluids that exploits some of the basic principles of early photographic chemistry - that was based on silver-halide recording materials - and uses broadly-available imaging devices (i.e. flatbed scanners) as detectors. Specifically, the proposed approach relies on the ability of biothiols to bind to silver ions and dissociate the silver halide crystals thus changing the photosensitivity of silver halide crystal suspension. The changes induced by biothiols on the light intensity transmitted through the silver halide suspension, after photochemical reduction, were measured with a simplified photometric approach that employs a flatbed scanner operating in transmittance mode. The overall analytical procedure for the determination of biothiols was easily executable, fast and could be applied with inexpensive and commercially available materials and reagents. What is more, physiologically relevant biothiol levels could be inspected even by the unattended eye. The developed assay was successfully applied to the determination of biothiols in urine and blood plasma samples with detection limits as low as 10μM, satisfactory recoveries (92-97%), good reproducibility (6.7-8.8%) and high selectivity against other major components of biological fluids. The utility of the method to the determination of reduced/oxidized thiol ratio's as well as its application under natural light illumination, without external energy sources, was also demonstrated and is discussed with regard to point-of need applications in facility-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini A Kappi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - George Z Tsogas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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49
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Dot immunoassay for the simultaneous determination of postvaccination immunity against pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:3831-3842. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Paterson AS, Raja B, Mandadi V, Townsend B, Lee M, Buell A, Vu B, Brgoch J, Willson RC. A low-cost smartphone-based platform for highly sensitive point-of-care testing with persistent luminescent phosphors. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1051-1059. [PMID: 28154873 PMCID: PMC5476460 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Through their computational power and connectivity, smartphones are poised to rapidly expand telemedicine and transform healthcare by enabling better personal health monitoring and rapid diagnostics. Recently, a variety of platforms have been developed to enable smartphone-based point-of-care testing using imaging-based readout with the smartphone camera as the detector. Fluorescent reporters have been shown to improve the sensitivity of assays over colorimetric labels, but fluorescence readout necessitates incorporating optical hardware into the detection system, adding to the cost and complexity of the device. Here we present a simple, low-cost smartphone-based detection platform for highly sensitive luminescence imaging readout of point-of-care tests run with persistent luminescent phosphors as reporters. The extremely bright and long-lived emission of persistent phosphors allows sensitive analyte detection with a smartphone by a facile time-gated imaging strategy. Phosphors are first briefly excited with the phone's camera flash, followed by switching off the flash, and subsequent imaging of phosphor luminescence with the camera. Using this approach, we demonstrate detection of human chorionic gonadotropin using a lateral flow assay and the smartphone platform with strontium aluminate nanoparticles as reporters, giving a detection limit of ≈45 pg mL-1 (1.2 pM) in buffer. Time-gated imaging on a smartphone can be readily adapted for sensitive and potentially quantitative testing using other point-of-care formats, and is workable with a variety of persistent luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Paterson
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA. and Luminostics, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Balakrishnan Raja
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA. and Luminostics, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vinay Mandadi
- Luminostics, Inc., Houston, TX, USA and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, USA
| | | | | | - Alex Buell
- Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, USA
| | - Binh Vu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA.
| | | | - Richard C Willson
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, USA. and Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, USA and Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Mexico
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