1
|
Deng T, Lu W, Zhao X, Wang H, Zheng Y, Zheng A, Shen Z. Chondroitin sulfate/silk fibroin hydrogel incorporating graphene oxide quantum dots with photothermal-effect promotes type H vessel-related wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 334:121972. [PMID: 38553198 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wounds with bacterial infection present formidable clinical challenges. In this study, a versatile hydrogel dressing with antibacterial and angiogenic activity composite of silk fibroin (SF), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) is fabricated. GOQDs@SF/CS (GSC) hydrogel is rapidly formed through the enzyme catalytic action of horseradish peroxidase. With the incorporation of GOQDs both gelation speed and mechanical properties have been enhanced, and the photothermal characteristics of GOQDs in GSC hydrogel enabled bacterial killing through photothermal treatment (PTT) at ∼51 °C. In vitro studies show that the GSC hydrogels demonstrate excellent antibacterial performance and induce type H vessel differentiation of endothelial cells via the activated ERK1/2 signaling pathway and upregulated SLIT3 expression. In vivo results show that the hydrogel significantly promotes type H vessels formation, which is related to the collagen deposition, epithelialization and, ultimately, accelerates the regeneration of infected skin defects. Collectively, this multifunctional GSC hydrogel, with dual action of antibacterial efficacy and angiogenesis promotion, emerges as an innovative skin dressing with the potential for advancing in infected wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanjun Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaoxian Zhao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Dermatology Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yumeng Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ao Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Zhengyu Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Snyder D, Emrick T. Embedding Thiols into Choline Phosphate Polymer Zwitterions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300690. [PMID: 38207336 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The compositional scope of polymer zwitterions has grown significantly in recent years and now offers designer synthetic materials that are broadly applicable across numerous areas, including supracolloidal structures, electronic materials interfaces, and macromolecular therapeutics. Among recent developments in polymer zwitterion syntheses are those that allow insertion of reactive functionality directly into the zwitterionic moiety, yielding new monomer and polymer structures that hold potential for maximizing the impact of zwitterions on the macromolecular materials chemistry field. This manuscript describes the preparation of zwitterionic choline phosphate (CP) methacrylates containing either aromatic or aliphatic thiols embedded directly into the zwitterionic moiety. The polymerization of these functional CP methacrylates by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer methodology yields polymeric zwitterionic thiols containing protected thiol functionality in the zwitterionic units. After polymerization, the protected thiols are liberated to yield thiol-rich polymer zwitterions which serve as precursors to subsequent reactions that produce polymer networks as well as polymer-protein bioconjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Snyder
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kellermann L, Gupta R. Photoactive hydrogels for pre-concentration, labelling, and controlled release of proteins. Analyst 2023; 148:4127-4137. [PMID: 37493470 PMCID: PMC10440800 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00811h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel hydrogel for pre-concentration, fluorescent labelling, and light-triggered release of proteins for detection of low abundance biomarkers. The hydrogel was a co-polymer of acrylamide/bisacrylamide and methacrylamide attached to fluorescein isothiocyanate via a light cleavable bond and a poly(ethylene glycol) spacer arm of molecular weight of 3400 g mol-1. Unlike previous work, proteins were captured by an irreversible chemical reaction rather than by non-covalent affinity binding or physical entrapment. Because the protein-reactive group was attached to fluorescein, which in turn was coupled to the hydrogel by a photocleavable bond, on release the protein was labelled with fluorescein. Our hydrogel offered a pre-concentration factor of up to 236 for a model protein, streptavidin. Each protein molecule was labelled with 85 fluorescein molecules, and 50% of the proteins in the hydrogel were released after UV exposure for ∼100 s. The proteins released from the hydrogel were captured in biotinylated microtitre plates and detected by fluorescence, allowing measurement of at least 0.01 ppm (or ∼166 pM) of protein in sample solutions. The reported hydrogel is promising for detection of low abundance proteins while being less laborious than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and less affected by changes in environmental conditions than label-free biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Kellermann
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abed HF, Abuwatfa WH, Husseini GA. Redox-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems: A Chemical Perspective. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3183. [PMID: 36144971 PMCID: PMC9503659 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the widespread global impact of cancer on humans and the extensive side effects associated with current cancer treatments, a novel, effective, and safe treatment is needed. Redox-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged as a potential cancer treatment with minimal side effects and enhanced site-specific targeted delivery. This paper explores the physiological and biochemical nature of tumors that allow for redox-responsive drug delivery systems and reviews recent advances in the chemical composition and design of such systems. The five main redox-responsive chemical entities that are the focus of this paper are disulfide bonds, diselenide bonds, succinimide-thioether linkages, tetrasulfide bonds, and platin conjugates. Moreover, as disulfide bonds are the most commonly used entities, the review explored disulfide-containing liposomes, polymeric micelles, and nanogels. While various systems have been devised, further research is needed to advance redox-responsive drug delivery systems for cancer treatment clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba F. Abed
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waad H. Abuwatfa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu H, Deng Z, Li T, Bu J, Wang D, Wang J, Liu M, Li J, Yang Y, Zhong S. Fabrication, GSH-responsive drug release, and anticancer properties of thioctic acid-based intelligent hydrogels. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112703. [PMID: 35853394 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels are potential local drug delivery systems since they contain plenty of water and soft like biological tissues. Such hydrogels could be injected directly into the tumor site where the drug is released under the tumor microenvironment. However, drug loaded hydrogels for cancer treatment based on lipoic acid (natural small molecule) have not been exploited. Here, a novel poly(lipoic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PTA) hydrogels were prepared through a two-step reaction. The hydrogels contained disulfide bonds, so they could be degraded via the thiol exchange reaction with the abundant GSH in the tumor microenvironment, and subsequently release the drug. The results in vitro and at cellular level showed that the hydrogels were degraded and released the drugs only in the presence of GSH. Therefore, the injectable GSH-responsive hydrogels are promising to be served as an intelligent drug delivery system for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - Zhiwei Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - Tianhao Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - Jiaqi Bu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - De Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China; Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine Jiont Laboratory of GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine and Central South University, Gui Ke Ji Zi [2021] No. 238, PR China.
| | - Shian Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083 PR China; Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine Jiont Laboratory of GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine and Central South University, Gui Ke Ji Zi [2021] No. 238, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Miksch CE, Skillin NP, Kirkpatrick BE, Hach GK, Rao VV, White TJ, Anseth KS. 4D Printing of Extrudable and Degradable Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Microgel Scaffolds for Multidimensional Cell Culture. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200951. [PMID: 35732614 PMCID: PMC9463109 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Granular synthetic hydrogels are useful bioinks for their compatibility with a variety of chemistries, affording printable, stimuli-responsive scaffolds with programmable structure and function. Additive manufacturing of microscale hydrogels, or microgels, allows for the fabrication of large cellularized constructs with percolating interstitial space, providing a platform for tissue engineering at length scales that are inaccessible by bulk encapsulation where transport of media and other biological factors are limited by scaffold density. Herein, synthetic microgels with varying degrees of degradability are prepared with diameters on the order of hundreds of microns by submerged electrospray and UV photopolymerization. Porous microgel scaffolds are assembled by particle jamming and extrusion printing, and semi-orthogonal chemical cues are utilized to tune the void fraction in printed scaffolds in a logic-gated manner. Scaffolds with different void fractions are easily cellularized post printing and microgels can be directly annealed into cell-laden structures. Finally, high-throughput direct encapsulation of cells within printable microgels is demonstrated, enabling large-scale 3D culture in a macroporous biomaterial. This approach provides unprecedented spatiotemporal control over the properties of printed microporous annealed particle scaffolds for 2.5D and 3D tissue culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connor E Miksch
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Nathaniel P Skillin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Bruce E Kirkpatrick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Grace K Hach
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Varsha V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Timothy J White
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Altinbasak I, Kocak S, Sanyal R, Sanyal A. Fast-Forming Dissolvable Redox-Responsive Hydrogels: Exploiting the Orthogonality of Thiol-Maleimide and Thiol-Disulfide Exchange Chemistry. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3525-3534. [PMID: 35696518 PMCID: PMC9472223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Fast-forming yet
easily dissolvable hydrogels (HGs) have potential
applications in wound healing, burn incidences, and delivery of therapeutic
agents. Herein, a combination of a thiol–maleimide conjugation
and thiol–disulfide exchange reaction is employed to fabricate
fast-forming HGs which rapidly dissolve upon exposure to dithiothreitol
(DTT), a nontoxic thiol-containing hydrophilic molecule. In particular,
maleimide disulfide-terminated telechelic linear poly(ethylene glycol)
(PEG) polymer and PEG-based tetrathiol macromonomers are employed
as gel precursors, which upon mixing yield HGs within a minute. The
selectivity of the thiol–maleimide conjugation in the presence
of a disulfide linkage was established through 1H NMR spectroscopy
and Ellman’s test. Rapid degradation of HGs in the presence
of thiol-containing solution was evident from the reduction in storage
modulus. HGs encapsulated with fluorescent dye-labeled dextran polymers
and bovine serum albumin were fabricated, and their cargo release
was investigated under passive and active conditions upon exposure
to DTT. One can envision that the rapid gelation and fast on-demand
dissolution under relatively benign conditions would make these polymeric
materials attractive for a range of biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Altinbasak
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Salli Kocak
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Rana Sanyal
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey.,Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Amitav Sanyal
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey.,Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
LeValley PJ, Parsons AL, Sutherland BP, Kiick KL, Oakey JS, Kloxin AM. Microgels Formed by Spontaneous Click Chemistries Utilizing Microfluidic Flow Focusing for Cargo Release in Response to Endogenous or Exogenous Stimuli. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1062. [PMID: 35631649 PMCID: PMC9145542 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein therapeutics have become increasingly popular for the treatment of a variety of diseases owing to their specificity to targets of interest. However, challenges associated with them have limited their use for a range of ailments, including the limited options available for local controlled delivery. To address this challenge, degradable hydrogel microparticles, or microgels, loaded with model biocargoes were created with tunable release profiles or triggered burst release using chemistries responsive to endogenous or exogeneous stimuli, respectively. Specifically, microfluidic flow-focusing was utilized to form homogenous microgels with different spontaneous click chemistries that afforded degradation either in response to redox environments for sustained cargo release or light for on-demand cargo release. The resulting microgels were an appropriate size to remain localized within tissues upon injection and were easily passed through a needle relevant for injection, providing means for localized delivery. Release of a model biopolymer was observed over the course of several weeks for redox-responsive formulations or triggered for immediate release from the light-responsive formulation. Overall, we demonstrate the ability of microgels to be formulated with different materials chemistries to achieve various therapeutic release modalities, providing new tools for creation of more complex protein release profiles to improve therapeutic regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paige J. LeValley
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (P.J.L.); (B.P.S.)
| | - Amanda L. Parsons
- Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA;
| | - Bryan P. Sutherland
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (P.J.L.); (B.P.S.)
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - John S. Oakey
- Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA;
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (P.J.L.); (B.P.S.)
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao Y, Xue P, Lin G, Tong M, Yang J, Zhang Y, Ran K, Zhuge D, Yao Q, Xu H. A KPV-binding double-network hydrogel restores gut mucosal barrier in an inflamed colon. Acta Biomater 2022; 143:233-252. [PMID: 35245681 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) usually occurs in the superficial mucosa of the colorectum. Here, a double-network hydrogel (PMSP) was constructed from maleimided γ-polyglutamic acid and thiolated γ-polyglutamic acid through crosslinking of thiol-maleimide and self-oxidized thiols. PMSP with a negative charge specifically adhered to the inflamed mucosa with positively charged proteins rather than to the healthy mucosa. PMSP exhibited good mechanical strength with storage modulus (G') of 17.6 Pa and a linear viscoelastic region (LVR) of 107.2% strain. Moreover, PMSP showed a stronger bio-adhesive force toward the inflamed tissue-mimicking substrate than toward its healthy counterpart. In vivo imaging confirmed that PMSP specifically adhered to the inflamed colonic mucosa of rats with TNBS-induced UC. KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) as a model drug was easily captured by PMSP through electrostatic interactions, thus retaining its bioactivity for a longer time under high temperature conditions. Moreover, the alleviating effect of KPV on rats with TNBS-induced colitis was significantly improved by PMSP after intracolonic administration. The epithelial barrier of the colon also effectively recovered following PMSP-KPV treatment. PMSP-KPV also modulated the gut flora, markedly augmenting the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in gut homeostasis. The mechanism by which PMSP-KPV induces a therapeutic effect may be associated with the inhibition of oxidative stress. Conclusively, the PMSP hydrogel seems to be a promising rectal delivery system for the therapy of UC. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and relapsing disease of the gastrointestinal tract. A key therapeutic approach to treat UC is to repair the mucosal barriers. Here, a double-network hydrogel (PMSP) was constructed from maleimided and thiolated γ-polyglutamic acid through crosslinking of thiol-maleimide and self-oxidized thiols. The negatively charged PMSP specifically adhered to the inflamed colon rather than its healthy counterpart and was retained for a longer time. KPV as a model drug was easily captured by PMSP, which provided better stability to KPV when exposed to high temperature of 50 °C. The epithelial mucosal barrier of the colon was effectively recovered by the rectal administration of PMSP-KPV to rats with TNBS-induced UC. Moreover, PMSP-KPV modulated the gut flora of colitic rats, markedly augmenting the abundance of beneficial microorganisms. Conclusively, PMSP seems to be a promising rectal delivery system for UC therapy.
Collapse
|
10
|
Shahi S, Roghani-Mamaqani H, Talebi S, Mardani H. Stimuli-responsive destructible polymeric hydrogels based on irreversible covalent bond dissociation. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01066b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Covalently crosslinked stimuli-destructible hydrogels with the ability of irreversible bond dissociation have attracted great attentions due to their biodegradability, stability against hydrolysis, and controlled solubility upon insertion of desired triggers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Shahi
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeid Talebi
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Mardani
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, PO Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Barbosa MAG, Xavier CPR, Pereira RF, Petrikaitė V, Vasconcelos MH. 3D Cell Culture Models as Recapitulators of the Tumor Microenvironment for the Screening of Anti-Cancer Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:190. [PMID: 35008353 PMCID: PMC8749977 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, innovative three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models have been proposed as viable and biomimetic alternatives for initial drug screening, allowing the improvement of the efficiency of drug development. These models are gaining popularity, given their ability to reproduce key aspects of the tumor microenvironment, concerning the 3D tumor architecture as well as the interactions of tumor cells with the extracellular matrix and surrounding non-tumor cells. The development of accurate 3D models may become beneficial to decrease the use of laboratory animals in scientific research, in accordance with the European Union's regulation on the 3R rule (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement). This review focuses on the impact of 3D cell culture models on cancer research, discussing their advantages, limitations, and compatibility with high-throughput screenings and automated systems. An insight is also given on the adequacy of the available readouts for the interpretation of the data obtained from the 3D cell culture models. Importantly, we also emphasize the need for the incorporation of additional and complementary microenvironment elements on the design of 3D cell culture models, towards improved predictive value of drug efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie A. G. Barbosa
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.G.B.); (C.P.R.X.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Cristina P. R. Xavier
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.G.B.); (C.P.R.X.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rúben F. Pereira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Biofabrication Group, INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vilma Petrikaitė
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus g 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - M. Helena Vasconcelos
- Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.G.B.); (C.P.R.X.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP—Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sustained Delivery of Lactoferrin Using Poloxamer Gels for Local Bone Regeneration in a Rat Calvarial Defect Model. MATERIALS 2021; 15:ma15010212. [PMID: 35009359 PMCID: PMC8745849 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a multifunctional milk glycoprotein that promotes bone regeneration. Local delivery of LF at the bone defect site is a promising approach for enhancement of bone regeneration, but efficient systems for sustained local delivery are still largely missing. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the poloxamers for sustained delivery of LF to enhance local bone regeneration. The developed LF/poloxamer formulations were liquid at room temperature (20 °C) transforming to a sustained releasing gel depot at body temperature (37 °C). In vitro release studies demonstrated an initial burst release (~50%), followed by slower release of LF for up to 72 h. Poloxamer, with and without LF, increased osteoblast viability at 72 h (p < 0.05) compared to control, and the immune response from THP-1 cells was mild when compared to the suture material. In rat calvarial defects, the LF/poloxamer group had lower bone volume than the controls (p = 0.0435). No difference was observed in tissue mineral density and lower bone defect coverage scores (p = 0.0267) at 12 weeks after surgery. In conclusion, LF/poloxamer formulations support cell viability and do not induce an unfavourable immune response; however, LF delivery via the current formulation of LF200/poloxamer gel did not demonstrate enhanced bone regeneration and was not compatible with the rat calvarial defect model.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ghassemi Z, Ruesing S, Leach JB, Zustiak SP. Stability of proteins encapsulated in Michael-type addition polyethylene glycol hydrogels. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4840-4853. [PMID: 34606089 PMCID: PMC8585711 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Degradable polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels are excellent vehicles for sustained drug release due to their biocompatibility, tunable physical properties, and customizable degradation. However, protein therapeutics are unstable under physiological conditions and releasing degraded or inactive therapeutics can induce immunogenic effects. While controlling protein release from PEG hydrogels has been extensively investigated, few studies have detailed protein stability long-term or under stress conditions. Here, lysozyme and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) stability were explored upon encapsulation in PEG hydrogels formed through Michael-type addition. The stability and structure of the two model proteins were monitored by measuring the free energy of unfolding and fluoresce quenching when confined in a hydrogel and compared to PEG solution and buffer. Hydrogels destabilized lysozyme structure at low denaturant concentrations but prevented complete unfolding at high concentrations. ADH was stabilized as the confining mesh size approached the protein radius of gyration. Both proteins retained enzymatic activity within the hydrogels under stress conditions, including denaturant, high temperature, and agitation. Conjugation between lysozyme and PEG-acrylate was identified at long reaction times but no conjugation was observed in the time required for complete gelation. Studies of protein stability in PEG hydrogels, as the one detailed here, can lead to designer technologies for the improved formulation, storage, and delivery of protein therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghassemi
- Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Engineering 314, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Sam Ruesing
- Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, 3507 Lindell Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Jennie B Leach
- Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Engineering 314, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Silviya P Zustiak
- Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, 3507 Lindell Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shi SY, Zhang GY. Click-formed polymer gels with aggregation-induced emission and dual stimuli-responsive behaviors. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2006090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-yu Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guo-ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fish MB, Banka AL, Braunreuther M, Fromen CA, Kelley WJ, Lee J, Adili R, Holinstat M, Eniola-Adefeso O. Deformable microparticles for shuttling nanoparticles to the vascular wall. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe0143. [PMID: 33883129 PMCID: PMC8059934 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Vascular-targeted drug carriers must localize to the wall (i.e., marginate) and adhere to a diseased endothelium to achieve clinical utility. The particle size has been reported as a critical physical property prescribing particle margination in vitro and in vivo blood flows. Different transport process steps yield conflicting requirements-microparticles are optimal for margination, but nanoparticles are better for intracellular or tissue delivery. Here, we evaluate deformable hydrogel microparticles as carriers for transporting nanoparticles to a diseased vascular wall. Depending on microparticle modulus, nanoparticle-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel microparticles delivered significantly more 50-nm nanoparticles to the vessel wall than freely injected nanoparticles alone, resulting in >3000% delivery increase. This work demonstrates the benefit of optimizing microparticles' efficient margination to enhance nanocarriers' transport to the vascular wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret B Fish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alison L Banka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Margaret Braunreuther
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Catherine A Fromen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - William J Kelley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jonathan Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Reheman Adili
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Samuel and Jean Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang H, Song L, Zou Y, Sun D, Wang L, Yu Z, Guo J. Role of Hyaluronic Acids and Potential as Regenerative Biomaterials in Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:311-324. [PMID: 35014286 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The skin can protect the body from external harm, sense environmental changes, and maintain physiological homeostasis. Cutaneous repair and regeneration associated with surgical wounds, acute traumas, and chronic diseases are a central concern of healthcare. Patients may experience the failure of current treatments due to the complexity of the healing process; therefore, emerging strategies are needed. Hyaluronic acids (HAs, also known as hyaluronan), a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) of the extracellular matrix (ECM), play key roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration throughout tissue development and regeneration. Recently, HA derivatives have been developed as regenerative biomaterials for treating skin damage and injury. In this review, the healing process, namely, hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation, is described and the role of HAs in the healing process is discussed. This review also provides recent examples in the development of HA derivatives for wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yifang Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of FAW, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shmidov Y, Zhu Y, Matson JB, Bitton R. Effect of Crosslinker Topology on Enzymatic Degradation of Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3279-3286. [PMID: 32702239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of hydrogels in biomedical applications, little is known regarding the effect of crosslinker topology on hydrogel degradation. Dendritic and linear elastin-like peptides (ELPs) were used as crosslinkers for hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels, and their enzymatic degradation was studied using trypsin. Rheological studies revealed that hydrogels crosslinked with ELP dendrimers (HA_denELPs) degraded more slowly than those crosslinked with the otherwise equivalent linear ELPs (i.e., both molecules have the same number of pentamers and peripheral lysine residues). The origin of this phenomenon was evaluated using solution studies in which various dendritic and linear ELPs were treated with trypsin. Apart from the expected steric hindrances due to the dendritic topology, we identified the dual directionality of the peptide sequences (generated by a central branching lysine residue) and the likelihood of cleaving a productive crosslinking point as two additional contributors to the lesser degradability of HA_denELPs. Overall, these results highlight how the molecular design of crosslinker topology represents a novel strategy to tune the degradation rate of hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Shmidov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - John B Matson
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.,Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Paez JI, Farrukh A, Valbuena-Mendoza R, Włodarczyk-Biegun MK, Del Campo A. Thiol-Methylsulfone-Based Hydrogels for 3D Cell Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:8062-8072. [PMID: 31999422 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-maleimide and thiol-vinylsulfone cross-linked hydrogels are widely used systems in 3D culture models, in spite of presenting uncomfortable reaction kinetics for cell encapsulation: too fast (seconds for thiol-maleimide) or too slow (minutes-hours for thiol-vinylsulfone). Here, we introduce the thiol-methylsulfone reaction as alternative cross-linking chemistry for cell encapsulation, particularized for PEG-hydrogels. The thiol-methylsulfone reaction occurs at high conversion and at intermediate reaction speed (seconds-minutes) under physiological pH range. These properties allow easy mixing of hydrogel precursors and cells to render homogeneous cell-laden gels at comfortable experimental time scales. The resulting hydrogels are cytocompatible and show comparable hydrolytic stability to thiol-vinylsulfone gels. They allow direct bioconjugation of thiol-derivatized ligands and tunable degradation kinetics by cross-linking with degradable peptide sequences. 3D cell culture of two cell types, fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julieta I Paez
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials , Campus D2-2 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Aleeza Farrukh
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials , Campus D2-2 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Rocío Valbuena-Mendoza
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials , Campus D2-2 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
- Saarland University , Chemistry Department , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | | | - Aránzazu Del Campo
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials , Campus D2-2 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
- Saarland University , Chemistry Department , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Khan AH, Cook JK, Wortmann WJ, Kersker ND, Rao A, Pojman JA, Melvin AT. Synthesis and characterization of thiol‐acrylate hydrogels using a base‐catalyzed Michael addition for 3D cell culture applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2294-2307. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anowar H. Khan
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana
| | - Jeffery K. Cook
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Berkeley California
| | - Wayne J. Wortmann
- Cain Department of Chemical EngineeringLouisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana
| | - Nathan D. Kersker
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana
| | - Asha Rao
- Cain Department of Chemical EngineeringLouisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana
| | - John A. Pojman
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana
| | - Adam T. Melvin
- Cain Department of Chemical EngineeringLouisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mardpour S, Ghanian MH, Sadeghi-Abandansari H, Mardpour S, Nazari A, Shekari F, Baharvand H. Hydrogel-Mediated Sustained Systemic Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Improves Hepatic Regeneration in Chronic Liver Failure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:37421-37433. [PMID: 31525863 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have been widely reported as promising cell-free products that show therapeutic effects of the parental cells but not their limitations. Due to the intrinsic liver tropism of MSC-EVs, they have been widely used as therapeutics or drug carriers for treatment of liver diseases. However, rapid clearance from the target site may attenuate the efficiency of systemically administered MSC-EVs. Herein, sustained release into the peritoneum has been proposed as a new strategy to prolong the bioavailability of the MSC-EVs in the target liver. During intraperitoneal injection, clickable polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromeres were mixed with MSC-EVs to form EV-encapsulated PEG hydrogels via a fast, biocompatible click reaction. Upon biodegradation, the EV-laden hydrogels were swollen gradually to release EVs in a sustained manner over 1 month. In vivo tracking of the labeled EVs revealed that the accumulation of EVs in the liver was extended by hydrogel-mediated delivery for 1 month. Four weeks after injection in a rat model of chronic liver fibrosis, the physical and histopathological investigations of the harvested liver showed superior antifibrosis, anti-apoptosis, and regenerative effects of the EVs when delivered by the sustained systemic release (Gel-EV) to the conventional bolus injection (Free-EV). Specifically, the Gel-EV system improved the antifibrosis, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and regenerative effects of the EVs to nearly 40, 50, 40, and 50% compared to Free-EV, respectively, as was specified by quantification of the fibrotic area, α-SMA density, and caspase-3 density in the harvested tissues and ALT enzyme in serum. This study may potentiate the use of MSC-EVs as cell-free therapeutics for chronic liver failure. The sustained systemic delivery strategy may open a new paradigm to extend the effects of disease-targeting EVs over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hamid Sadeghi-Abandansari
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center , Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Isar 11, 47138-18983 Babol , Iran
| | - Saeid Mardpour
- Department of Radiology Medical Imaging Center , Imam Khomeini Hospital , 1419733141 Tehran , Iran
- Department of Radiology , Iran University of Medical Sciences , 1449614525 Tehran , Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cirillo G, Spizzirri UG, Curcio M, Nicoletta FP, Iemma F. Injectable Hydrogels for Cancer Therapy over the Last Decade. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E486. [PMID: 31546921 PMCID: PMC6781516 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The interest in injectable hydrogels for cancer treatment has been significantly growing over the last decade, due to the availability of a wide range of starting polymer structures with tailored features and high chemical versatility. Many research groups are working on the development of highly engineered injectable delivery vehicle systems suitable for combined chemo-and radio-therapy, as well as thermal and photo-thermal ablation, with the aim of finding out effective solutions to overcome the current obstacles of conventional therapeutic protocols. Within this work, we have reviewed and discussed the most recent injectable hydrogel systems, focusing on the structure and properties of the starting polymers, which are mainly classified into natural or synthetic sources. Moreover, mapping the research landscape of the fabrication strategies, the main outcome of each system is discussed in light of possible clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Manuela Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Fiore Pasquale Nicoletta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Francesca Iemma
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lu H, Yuan L, Yu X, Wu C, He D, Deng J. Recent advances of on-demand dissolution of hydrogel dressings. BURNS & TRAUMA 2018; 6:35. [PMID: 30619904 PMCID: PMC6310937 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-018-0138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Wound management is a major global challenge and a big financial burden to the healthcare system due to the rapid growth of chronic diseases including the diabetes, obesity, and aging population. Modern solutions to wound management include hydrogels that dissolve on demand, and the development of such hydrogels is of keen research interest. The formation and subsequent on-demand dissolution of hydrogels is of keen interest to scientists and clinicians. These hydrogels have excellent properties such as tissue adhesion, swelling, and water absorption. In addition, these hydrogels have a distinctive capacity to form in situ and dissolve on-demand via physical or chemical reactions. Some of these hydrogels have been successfully used as a dressing to reduce bleeding in hepatic and aortal models, and the hydrogels remove easily afterwards. However, there is an extremely wide array of different ways to synthesize these hydrogels. Therefore, we summarize here the recent advances of hydrogels that dissolve on demand, covering both chemical cross-linking cases and physical cross-linking cases. We believe that continuous exploration of dissolution strategies will uncover new mechanisms of dissolution and extend the range of applications for hydrogel dressings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400021 China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medial University), Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Xunzhou Yu
- Institute of Burn Research, South-West Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Gaotanyan Road No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Chengzhou Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Wuxi Country People’s Hospital, Chongqing, 405800 China
| | - Danfeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, South-West Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Gaotanyan Road No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Burn Research, South-West Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Gaotanyan Road No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Brusatin G, Panciera T, Gandin A, Citron A, Piccolo S. Biomaterials and engineered microenvironments to control YAP/TAZ-dependent cell behaviour. NATURE MATERIALS 2018; 17:1063-1075. [PMID: 30374202 PMCID: PMC6992423 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical signals are increasingly recognized as overarching regulators of cell behaviour, controlling stemness, organoid biology, tissue development and regeneration. Moreover, aberrant mechanotransduction is a driver of disease, including cancer, fibrosis and cardiovascular defects. A central question remains how cells compute a host of biomechanical signals into meaningful biological behaviours. Biomaterials and microfabrication technologies are essential to address this issue. Here we review a large body of evidence that connects diverse biomaterial-based systems to the functions of YAP/TAZ, two highly related mechanosensitive transcriptional regulators. YAP/TAZ orchestrate the response to a suite of engineered microenviroments, emerging as a universal control system for cells in two and three dimensions, in static or dynamic fashions, over a range of elastic and viscoelastic stimuli, from solid to fluid states. This approach may guide the rational design of technological and material-based platforms with dramatically improved functionalities and inform the generation of new biomaterials for regenerative medicine applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Brusatin
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII) and INSTM, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gandin
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII) and INSTM, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Citron
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.
- IFOM-the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, .
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mutlu H, Ceper EB, Li X, Yang J, Dong W, Ozmen MM, Theato P. Sulfur Chemistry in Polymer and Materials Science. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800650. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Mutlu
- Institute for Biological Interfaces III; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Ezgi Berfin Ceper
- Department of Bioengineering; Yildiz Technical University; Esenler 34220 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesser Str. 18 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jingmei Yang
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesser Str. 18 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Fundamental Science and Frontiers; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu 610054 China
| | - Wenyuan Dong
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesser Str. 18 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Mehmet Murat Ozmen
- Department of Bioengineering; Yildiz Technical University; Esenler 34220 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Biological Interfaces III; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesser Str. 18 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Stewart SA, Coulson MB, Zhou C, Burke NAD, Stöver HDH. Synthetic hydrogels formed by thiol-ene crosslinking of vinyl sulfone-functional poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) with α,ω-dithio-polyethyleneglycol. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8317-8324. [PMID: 30288534 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01066h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer hydrogels formed by rapid thiol-ene coupling of macromolecular gel formers can offer access to versatile new matrices. This paper describes the efficient synthesis of cysteamine vinyl sulfone (CVS) trifluoroacetate, and its incorporation into poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMMAn) to form a series of CVS-functionalized poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) polymers (PMM-CVSx) containing 10 to 30 mol% pendant vinyl sulfone groups. Aqueous mixtures of these PMM-CVS and a dithiol crosslinker, α,ω-dithio-polyethyleneglycol (HS-PEG-SH, Mn = 1 kDa), gelled through crosslinking by Michael addition within seconds to minutes, depending on pH, degree of functionalization, and polymer loading. Gelation efficiency, Young's modulus, equilibrium swelling and hydrolytic stability are described, and step-wise hydrogel post-functionalization with a small molecule thiol, cysteamine, was demonstrated. Cytocompatibility of these crosslinked hydrogels towards entrapped 3T3 fibroblasts was confirmed using a live/dead fluorescence assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Stewart
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - M B Coulson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - N A D Burke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - H D H Stöver
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The conjugation of biomolecules can impart materials with the bioactivity necessary to modulate specific cell behaviors. While the biological roles of particular polypeptide, oligonucleotide, and glycan structures have been extensively reviewed, along with the influence of attachment on material structure and function, the key role played by the conjugation strategy in determining activity is often overlooked. In this review, we focus on the chemistry of biomolecule conjugation and provide a comprehensive overview of the key strategies for achieving controlled biomaterial functionalization. No universal method exists to provide optimal attachment, and here we will discuss both the relative advantages and disadvantages of each technique. In doing so, we highlight the importance of carefully considering the impact and suitability of a particular technique during biomaterial design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Spicer
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles Väg 2, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E. Thomas Pashuck
- NJ
Centre for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey United States
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles Väg 2, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yeh CJ, Hu M, Shull KR. Oxygen Inhibition of Radical Polymerizations Investigated with the Rheometric Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Joshua Yeh
- Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Room 2036, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael Hu
- Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Room 2036, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kenneth R. Shull
- Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Room 2036, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tong X, Yang F. Recent Progress in Developing Injectable Matrices for Enhancing Cell Delivery and Tissue Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701065. [PMID: 29280328 PMCID: PMC6425976 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials are key factors in regenerative medicine. Matrices used for cell delivery are especially important, as they provide support to transplanted cells that is essential for promoting cell survival, retention, and desirable phenotypes. Injectable matrices have become promising and attractive due to their minimum invasiveness and ease of use. Conventional injectable matrices mostly use hydrogel precursor solutions that form solid, cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds in situ. However, these materials are associated with challenges in biocompatibility, shear-induced cell death, lack of control over cellular phenotype, lack of macroporosity and remodeling, and relatively weak mechanical strength. This Progress Report provides a brief overview of recent progress in developing injectable matrices to overcome the limitations of conventional in situ hydrogels. Biocompatible chemistry and shear-thinning hydrogels have been introduced to promote cell survival and retention. Emerging investigations of the effects of matrix properties on cellular function in 3D provide important guidelines for promoting desirable cellular phenotypes. Moreover, several novel approaches are combining injectability with macroporosity to achieve macroporous, injectable matrices for cell delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, 94305, United States.
| | - F. Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Edwards R105, CA, 94305, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Smith NJ, Rohlfing K, Sawicki LA, Kharkar PM, Boyd SJ, Kloxin AM, Fox JM. Fast, irreversible modification of cysteines through strain releasing conjugate additions of cyclopropenyl ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2018. [PMID: 29521395 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method of cysteine alkylation using cyclopropenyl ketones is described. Due to the significant release of cyclopropene strain energy, reactions of thiols with cyclopropenyl ketones are both fast and irreversible and give rise to stable conjugate addition adducts. The resulting cyclopropenyl ketones have a low molecular weight and allow for simple attachment of amides via N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-esters. While cyclopropenyl ketones do display slow background reactivity toward water, labeling by thiols is much more rapid. The reaction of a cyclopropenyl ketone with glutathione (GSH) proceeds with a rate of 595 M-1 s-1 in PBS at pH 7.4, which is considerably faster than α-halocarbonyl labeling reagents, and competitive with maleimide/thiol couplings. The method has been demonstrated in protein conjugation, and an arylthiolate conjugate was shown to be stable upon prolonged incubation in either GSH or human plasma. Finally, cyclopropenyl ketones were used to create PEG-based hydrogels that are stable to prolonged incubation in a reducing environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalee J Smith
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Katarina Rohlfing
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Lisa A Sawicki
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Prathamesh M Kharkar
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Samantha J Boyd
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - April M Kloxin
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Joseph M Fox
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kharkar PM, Scott RA, Olney LP, LeValley PJ, Maverakis E, Kiick KL, Kloxin AM. Controlling the Release of Small, Bioactive Proteins via Dual Mechanisms with Therapeutic Potential. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6:10.1002/adhm.201700713. [PMID: 29024487 PMCID: PMC5806702 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Injectable delivery systems that respond to biologically relevant stimuli present an attractive strategy for tailorable drug release. Here, the design and synthesis of unique polymers are reported for the creation of hydrogels that are formed in situ and degrade in response to clinically relevant endogenous and exogenous stimuli, specifically reducing microenvironments and externally applied light. Hydrogels are formed with polyethylene glycol and heparin-based polymers using a Michael-type addition reaction. The resulting hydrogels are investigated for the local controlled release of low molecular weight proteins (e.g., growth factors and cytokines), which are of interest for regulating various cellular functions and fates in vivo yet remain difficult to deliver. Incorporation of reduction-sensitive linkages and light-degradable linkages affords significant changes in the release profiles of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in the presence of the reducing agent glutathione or light, respectively. The bioactivity of the released FGF-2 is comparable to pristine FGF-2, indicating the ability of these hydrogels to retain the bioactivity of cargo molecules during encapsulation and release. Further, in vivo studies demonstrate degradation-mediated release of FGF-2. Overall, our studies demonstrate the potential of these unique stimuli-responsive chemistries for controlling the local release of low molecular weight proteins in response to clinically relevant stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prathamesh M. Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Scott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Nemours - Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, Delaware 19803
| | - Laura P. Olney
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Paige J. LeValley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19711
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Hydrogels mimic many of the physical properties of soft tissue and are widely used biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Synthetic hydrogels have been developed to recapitulate many of the healthy and diseased states of native tissues and can be used as a cell scaffold to study the effect of matricellular interactions in vitro. However, these matrices often fail to capture the dynamic and heterogenous nature of the in vivo environment, which varies spatially and during events such as development and disease. To address this deficiency, a variety of manufacturing and processing techniques are being adapted to the biomaterials setting. Among these, photochemistry is particularly well suited because these reactions can be performed in precise three-dimensional space and at specific moments in time. This spatiotemporal control over chemical reactions can also be performed over a range of cell- and tissue-relevant length scales with reactions that proceed efficiently and harmlessly at ambient conditions. This review will focus on the use of photochemical reactions to create dynamic hydrogel environments, and how these dynamic environments are being used to investigate and direct cell behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobin E Brown
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rehmann MS, Skeens KM, Kharkar PM, Ford EM, Maverakis E, Lee KH, Kloxin AM. Tuning and Predicting Mesh Size and Protein Release from Step Growth Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3131-3142. [PMID: 28850788 PMCID: PMC6699171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based depots are of growing interest for release of biopharmaceuticals; however, a priori selection of hydrogel compositions that will retain proteins of interest and provide desired release profiles remains elusive. Toward addressing this, in this work, we have established a new tool for the facile assessment of protein release from hydrogels and applied it to evaluate the effectiveness of mesh size estimations on predicting protein retention or release. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel depots were formed by photoinitiated step growth polymerization of four-arm PEG functionalized with norbornene (PEG-norbornene, 4% w/w to 20% w/w, Mn ∼ 5 to 20 kDa) and different dithiol cross-linkers (PEG Mn ∼ 1.5 kDa or enzymatically degradable peptide), creating well-defined, robust materials with a range of mesh sizes estimated with Flory-Rehner or rubber elasticity theory (∼5 to 15 nm). A cocktail of different model proteins was released from compositions of interest, and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to facilely and quantitatively analyze temporal release profiles. Mesh size was predictive of retention of relatively large proteins and release of relatively small proteins. Proteins with diameters comparable to the mesh size, which is often the case for growth factors, were released by hindered diffusion and required experimental assessment of retention and release. With this knowledge, hydrogels were designed for the controlled release of a therapeutically relevant growth factor, PDGF-BB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Rehmann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kelsi M. Skeens
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Prathamesh M. Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Eden M. Ford
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Kelvin H. Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19711
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liang Y, Li L, Scott RA, Kiick KL. Polymeric Biomaterials: Diverse Functions Enabled by Advances in Macromolecular Chemistry. Macromolecules 2017; 50:483-502. [PMID: 29151616 PMCID: PMC5687278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials have been extensively used to leverage beneficial outcomes in various therapeutic applications, such as providing spatial and temporal control over the release of therapeutic agents in drug delivery as well as engineering functional tissues and promoting the healing process in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This perspective presents important milestones in the development of polymeric biomaterials with defined structures and properties. Contemporary studies of biomaterial design have been reviewed with focus on constructing materials with controlled structure, dynamic functionality, and biological complexity. Examples of these polymeric biomaterials enabled by advanced synthetic methodologies, dynamic chemistry/assembly strategies, and modulated cell-material interactions have been highlighted. As the field of polymeric biomaterials continues to evolve with increased sophistication, current challenges and future directions for the design and translation of these materials are also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Linqing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Scott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Nemours-Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Department of Biomedical Research, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, DE, 19711, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ceccaldi C, Strandman S, Hui E, Montagnon E, Schmitt C, Hadj Henni A, Lerouge S. Validation and application of a nondestructive and contactless method for rheological evaluation of biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2565-2573. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ceccaldi
- Department of mechanical engineering; École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Notre-Dame Street West; Montreal QC H3C 1K3 Canada
- Laboratory of biomaterials and endovascular implants (LBEV); Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 St Denis; Montreal QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Satu Strandman
- Rheolution Inc., 5333 Avenue Casgrain, suite 712; Montreal QC H2T1X3 Canada
| | - Eve Hui
- Department of mechanical engineering; École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Notre-Dame Street West; Montreal QC H3C 1K3 Canada
- Laboratory of biomaterials and endovascular implants (LBEV); Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 St Denis; Montreal QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Emmanuel Montagnon
- Rheolution Inc., 5333 Avenue Casgrain, suite 712; Montreal QC H2T1X3 Canada
| | - Cédric Schmitt
- Rheolution Inc., 5333 Avenue Casgrain, suite 712; Montreal QC H2T1X3 Canada
| | - Anis Hadj Henni
- Rheolution Inc., 5333 Avenue Casgrain, suite 712; Montreal QC H2T1X3 Canada
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Department of mechanical engineering; École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Notre-Dame Street West; Montreal QC H3C 1K3 Canada
- Laboratory of biomaterials and endovascular implants (LBEV); Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 St Denis; Montreal QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
You J, Cao J, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Zhou J, Chen Y. Improved Mechanical Properties and Sustained Release Behavior of Cationic Cellulose Nanocrystals Reinforeced Cationic Cellulose Injectable Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:2839-48. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun You
- Department
of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry
of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- CAS
Key Lab of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and
Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jinfeng Cao
- Department
of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry
of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yanteng Zhao
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry
of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinping Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry
of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hilderbrand AM, Ovadia EM, Rehmann MS, Kharkar PM, Guo C, Kloxin AM. Biomaterials for 4D stem cell culture. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2016; 20:212-224. [PMID: 28717344 PMCID: PMC5510611 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells reside in complex three-dimensional (3D) environments within the body that change with time, promoting various cellular functions and processes such as migration and differentiation. These complex changes in the surrounding environment dictate cell fate yet, until recently, have been challenging to mimic within cell culture systems. Hydrogel-based biomaterials are well suited to mimic aspects of these in vivo environments, owing to their high water content, soft tissue-like elasticity, and often-tunable biochemical content. Further, hydrogels can be engineered to achieve changes in matrix properties over time to better mimic dynamic native microenvironments for probing and directing stem cell function and fate. This review will focus on techniques to form hydrogel-based biomaterials and modify their properties in time during cell culture using select addition reactions, cleavage reactions, or non-covalent interactions. Recent applications of these techniques for the culture of stem cells in four dimensions (i.e., in three dimensions with changes over time) also will be discussed for studying essential stem cell processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Hilderbrand
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Elisa M. Ovadia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Matthew S. Rehmann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Prathamesh M. Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark DE 19716, USA
| | - Chen Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark DE 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Carlini A, Adamiak L, Gianneschi NC. Biosynthetic Polymers as Functional Materials. Macromolecules 2016; 49:4379-4394. [PMID: 27375299 PMCID: PMC4928144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of functional polymers encoded with biomolecules has been an extensive area of research for decades. As such, a diverse toolbox of polymerization techniques and bioconjugation methods has been developed. The greatest impact of this work has been in biomedicine and biotechnology, where fully synthetic and naturally derived biomolecules are used cooperatively. Despite significant improvements in biocompatible and functionally diverse polymers, our success in the field is constrained by recognized limitations in polymer architecture control, structural dynamics, and biostabilization. This Perspective discusses the current status of functional biosynthetic polymers and highlights innovative strategies reported within the past five years that have made great strides in overcoming the aforementioned barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea
S. Carlini
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lisa Adamiak
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kharkar PM, Rehmann MS, Skeens KM, Maverakis E, Kloxin AM. Thiol-ene click hydrogels for therapeutic delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:165-179. [PMID: 28361125 PMCID: PMC5369354 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are of growing interest for the delivery of therapeutics to specific sites in the body. For use as a delivery vehicle, hydrophilic precursors are usually laden with bioactive moieties and then directly injected to the site of interest for in situ gel formation and controlled release dictated by precursor design. Hydrogels formed by thiol-ene click reactions are attractive for local controlled release of therapeutics owing to their rapid reaction rate and efficiency under mild aqueous conditions, enabling in situ formation of gels with tunable properties often responsive to environmental cues. Herein, we will review the wide range of applications for thiol-ene hydrogels, from the prolonged release of anti-inflammatory drugs in the spine to the release of protein-based therapeutics in response to cell-secreted enzymes, with a focus on their clinical relevance. We will also provide a brief overview of thiol-ene click chemistry and discuss the available alkene chemistries pertinent to macromolecule functionalization and hydrogel formation. These chemistries include functional groups susceptible to Michael type reactions relevant for injection and radically-mediated reactions for greater temporal control of formation at sites of interest using light. Additionally, mechanisms for the encapsulation and controlled release of therapeutic cargoes are reviewed, including i) tuning the mesh size of the hydrogel initially and temporally for cargo entrapment and release and ii) covalent tethering of the cargo with degradable linkers or affinity binding sequences to mediate release. Finally, myriad thiol-ene hydrogels and their specific applications also are discussed to give a sampling of the current and future utilization of this chemistry for delivery of therapeutics, such as small molecule drugs, peptides, and biologics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prathamesh M. Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Matthew S. Rehmann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kelsi M. Skeens
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, 3301 C St, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liang Y, Kiick KL. Liposome-Cross-Linked Hybrid Hydrogels for Glutathione-Triggered Delivery of Multiple Cargo Molecules. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:601-14. [PMID: 26751084 PMCID: PMC4992983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel, liposome-cross-linked hybrid hydrogels cross-linked by the Michael-type addition of thiols with maleimides were prepared via the use of maleimide-functionalized liposome cross-linkers and thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. Gelation of the materials was confirmed by oscillatory rheology experiments. These hybrid hydrogels are rendered degradable upon exposure to thiol-containing molecules such as glutathione (GSH), via the incorporation of selected thioether succinimide cross-links between the PEG polymers and liposome nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) characterization confirmed that intact liposomes were released upon network degradation. Owing to the hierarchical structure of the network, multiple cargo molecules relevant for chemotherapies, namely doxorubicin (DOX) and cytochrome c, were encapsulated and simultaneously released from the hybrid hydrogels, with differential release profiles that were driven by degradation-mediated release and Fickian diffusion, respectively. This work introduces a facile approach for the development of advanced, hybrid drug delivery vehicles that exhibit novel chemical degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
De France KJ, Chan KJW, Cranston ED, Hoare T. Enhanced Mechanical Properties in Cellulose Nanocrystal–Poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) Injectable Nanocomposite Hydrogels through Control of Physical and Chemical Cross-Linking. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:649-60. [PMID: 26741744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. De France
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Katelyn J. W. Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
McGann CL, Akins RE, Kiick KL. Resilin-PEG Hybrid Hydrogels Yield Degradable Elastomeric Scaffolds with Heterogeneous Microstructure. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:128-40. [PMID: 26646060 PMCID: PMC4850080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels derived from resilin-like polypeptides (RLPs) have shown outstanding mechanical resilience and cytocompatibility; expanding the versatility of RLP-based materials via conjugation with other polypeptides and polymers would offer great promise in the design of a range of materials. Here, we present an investigation of the biochemical and mechanical properties of hybrid hydrogels composed of a recombinant RLP and a multiarm PEG macromer. These hybrid hydrogels can be rapidly cross-linked through a Michael-type addition reaction between the thiols of cysteine residues on the RLP and vinyl sulfone groups on the multiarm PEG. Oscillatory rheology and tensile testing confirmed the formation of elastomeric hydrogels with mechanical resilience comparable to aortic elastin; hydrogel stiffness was easily modulated through the cross-linking ratio. Macromolecular phase separation of the RLP-PEG hydrogels offers the unique advantage of imparting a heterogeneous microstructure, which can be used to localize cells, through simple mixing and cross-linking. Assessment of degradation of the RLP by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) illustrated the specific proteolysis of the polypeptide in both its soluble form and when cross-linked into hydrogels. Finally, the successful encapsulation and viable three-dimensional culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) demonstrated the cytocompatibility of the RLP-PEG gels. Overall, the cytocompatibility, elastomeric mechanical properties, microheterogeneity, and degradability of the RLP-PEG hybrid hydrogels offer a suite of promising properties for the development of cell-instructive, structured tissue engineering scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. McGann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Robert E. Akins
- Nemours – Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Department of Biomedical Research, Wilmington, DE 19803, United States
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fang JY, Lin YK, Wang SW, Yu YC, Lee RS. Dual-stimuli-responsive glycopolymer bearing a reductive and photo-cleavable unit at block junction. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22207b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-stimuli-cleavable glycopolymers bearing a reductive and photo-cleavable unit at block junction were synthesized and characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-You Fang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products
- Chang Gung University
- Tao-Yuan
- Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ku Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung
- Keelung
- Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wei Wang
- Division of Natural Science
- Center of General Education
- Chang Gung University
- Tao-Yuan 33302
- Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ching Yu
- Division of Natural Science
- Center of General Education
- Chang Gung University
- Tao-Yuan 33302
- Taiwan
| | - Ren-Shen Lee
- Division of Natural Science
- Center of General Education
- Chang Gung University
- Tao-Yuan 33302
- Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cai XY, Li JZ, Li NN, Chen JC, Kang ET, Xu LQ. PEG-based hydrogels prepared by catalyst-free thiol–yne addition and their post-antibacterial modification. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1663-1672. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00395h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PEG-based hydrogels were prepared via nucleophilic thiol–yne addition and post-functionalized with an antimicrobial peptide for antibacterial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan Cai
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- Faculty of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- 400715 P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhi Li
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- Faculty of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- 400715 P.R. China
| | - Ning Ning Li
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- Faculty of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- 400715 P.R. China
| | - Jiu Cun Chen
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- Faculty of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- 400715 P.R. China
| | - En-Tang Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Singapore
| | - Li Qun Xu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- Faculty of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- 400715 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hacker MC, Nawaz HA. Multi-Functional Macromers for Hydrogel Design in Biomedical Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27677-706. [PMID: 26610468 PMCID: PMC4661914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary biomaterials are expected to provide tailored mechanical, biological and structural cues to encapsulated or invading cells in regenerative applications. In addition, the degradative properties of the material also have to be adjustable to the desired application. Oligo- or polymeric building blocks that can be further cross-linked into hydrogel networks, here addressed as macromers, appear as the prime option to assemble gels with the necessary degrees of freedom in the adjustment of the mentioned key parameters. Recent developments in the design of multi-functional macromers with two or more chemically different types of functionalities are summarized and discussed in this review illustrating recent trends in the development of advanced hydrogel building blocks for regenerative applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Str. 15a, D-04317 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hafiz Awais Nawaz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Str. 15a, D-04317 Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kharkar PM, Kiick KL, Kloxin AM. Design of Thiol- and Light-sensitive Degradable Hydrogels using Michael-type Addition Reactions. Polym Chem 2015; 6:5565-5574. [PMID: 26284125 PMCID: PMC4536978 DOI: 10.1039/c5py00750j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Injectable depots that respond to exogenous and endogenous stimuli present an attractive strategy for tunable, patient-specific drug delivery. Here, the design of injectable and multimodal degradable hydrogels that respond to externally applied light and physiological stimuli, specifically aqueous and reducing microenvironments, is reported. Rapid hydrogel formation was achieved using a thiol-maleimide click reaction between multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) macromers. Hydrogel degradation kinetics in response to externally applied cytocompatible light, reducing conditions, and hydrolysis were characterized, and degradation of the gel was controlled over multiple time scales from seconds to days. Further, tailored release of an encapsulated model cargo, fluorescent nanobeads, was demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prathamesh M. Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liang Y, Coffin MV, Manceva SD, Chichester JA, Jones RM, Kiick KL. Controlled release of an anthrax toxin-neutralizing antibody from hydrolytically degradable polyethylene glycol hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015. [PMID: 26223817 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hydrophilic and hydrolytically degradable poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels were formed via Michael-type addition and employed for sustained delivery of a monoclonal antibody against the protective antigen of anthrax. Taking advantage of the PEG-induced precipitation of the antibody, burst release from the matrix was avoided. These hydrogels were able to release active antibodies in a controlled manner from 14 days to as long as 56 days in vitro by varying the polymer architectures and molecular weights of the precursors. Analysis of the secondary and tertiary structure and the in vitro activity of the released antibody showed that the encapsulation and release did not affect the protein conformation or functionality. The results suggest the promise for developing PEG-based carriers for sustained release of therapeutic antibodies against toxins in various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716
| | - Megan V Coffin
- Fraunhofer USA, Center for Molecular Biotechnology, 9 Innovation Way, Newark, DE, 19711
| | - Slobodanka D Manceva
- Fraunhofer USA, Center for Molecular Biotechnology, 9 Innovation Way, Newark, DE, 19711
| | - Jessica A Chichester
- Fraunhofer USA, Center for Molecular Biotechnology, 9 Innovation Way, Newark, DE, 19711
| | - R Mark Jones
- Fraunhofer USA, Center for Molecular Biotechnology, 9 Innovation Way, Newark, DE, 19711
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Boehnke N, Cam C, Bat E, Segura T, Maynard HD. Imine Hydrogels with Tunable Degradability for Tissue Engineering. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2101-8. [PMID: 26061010 PMCID: PMC4583069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A shortage of available organ donors has created a need for engineered tissues. In this context, polymer-based hydrogels that break down inside the body are often used as constructs for growth factors and cells. Herein, we report imine cross-linked gels where degradation is controllable by the introduction of mixed imine cross-links. Specifically, hydrazide-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) reacts with aldehyde-functionalized PEG (PEG-CHO) to form hydrazone linked hydrogels that degrade quickly in media. The time to degradation can be controlled by changing the structure of the hydrazide group or by introducing hydroxylamines to form nonreversible oxime linkages. Hydrogels containing adipohydrazide-functionalized PEG (PEG-ADH) and PEG-CHO were found to degrade more rapidly than gels formed from carbodihydrazide-functionalized PEG (PEG-CDH). Incorporating oxime linkages via aminooxy-functionalized PEG (PEG-AO) into the hydrazone cross-linked gels further stabilized the hydrogels. This imine cross-linking approach should be useful for modulating the degradation characteristics of 3D cell culture supports for controlled cell release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Boehnke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Cynthia Cam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Erhan Bat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and the California NanoSystems Institute, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5531 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Heather D. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mahadevaiah S, Robinson KG, Kharkar PM, Kiick KL, Akins RE. Decreasing matrix modulus of PEG hydrogels induces a vascular phenotype in human cord blood stem cells. Biomaterials 2015; 62:24-34. [PMID: 26016692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Adult and congenital cardiovascular diseases are significant health problems that are often managed using surgery. Bypass grafting is a principal therapy, but grafts fail at high rates due to hyperplasia, fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. Biocompatible, cellularized materials that attenuate these complications and encourage healthy microvascularization could reduce graft failure, but an improved understanding of biomaterial effects on human stem cells is needed to reach clinical utility. Our group investigates stem-cell-loaded biomaterials for placement along the adventitia of at-risk vessels and grafts. Here, the effects of substrate modulus on human CD34+ stem cells from umbilical cord blood were evaluated. Cells were isolated by immunomagnetic separation and encapsulated in 3, 4, and 6 weight% PEG hydrogels containing 0.032% gelatin and 0.0044% fibronectin. Gels reached moduli of 0.34, 4.5, and 9.1 kPa. Cell viability approached 100%. Cell morphologies appeared similar across gels, but proliferation was significantly lower in 6 wt% gels. Expression profiling using stem cell signaling arrays indicated enhanced self-renewal and differentiation into vascular endothelium among cells in the lower weight percent gels. Thus, modulus was associated with cell proliferation and function. Gels with moduli in the low kilopascal range may be useful in stimulating cell engraftment and microvascularization of graft adventitia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Mahadevaiah
- Nemours - Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Department of Biomedical Research, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, United States; Nemours - Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Critical Care Department, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, United States
| | - Karyn G Robinson
- Nemours - Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Department of Biomedical Research, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, United States
| | - Prathamesh M Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 Du Pont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 Du Pont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Robert E Akins
- Nemours - Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Department of Biomedical Research, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu S, Dicker KT, Jia X. Modular and orthogonal synthesis of hybrid polymers and networks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5218-37. [PMID: 25572255 PMCID: PMC4359094 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09568e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials scientists strive to develop polymeric materials with distinct chemical make-up, complex molecular architectures, robust mechanical properties and defined biological functions by drawing inspirations from biological systems. Salient features of biological designs include (1) repetitive presentation of basic motifs; and (2) efficient integration of diverse building blocks. Thus, an appealing approach to biomaterials synthesis is to combine synthetic and natural building blocks in a modular fashion employing novel chemical methods. Over the past decade, orthogonal chemistries have become powerful enabling tools for the modular synthesis of advanced biomaterials. These reactions require building blocks with complementary functionalities, occur under mild conditions in the presence of biological molecules and living cells and proceed with high yield and exceptional selectivity. These chemistries have facilitated the construction of complex polymers and networks in a step-growth fashion, allowing facile modulation of materials properties by simple variations of the building blocks. In this review, we first summarize features of several types of orthogonal chemistries. We then discuss recent progress in the synthesis of step growth linear polymers, dendrimers and networks that find application in drug delivery, 3D cell culture and tissue engineering. Overall, orthogonal reactions and modulular synthesis have not only minimized the steps needed for the desired chemical transformations but also maximized the diversity and functionality of the final products. The modular nature of the design, combined with the potential synergistic effect of the hybrid system, will likely result in novel hydrogel matrices with robust structures and defined functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Truong VX, Ablett MP, Richardson SM, Hoyland JA, Dove AP. Simultaneous Orthogonal Dual-Click Approach to Tough, in-Situ-Forming Hydrogels for Cell Encapsulation. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1618-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ja511681s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinh X. Truong
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P. Ablett
- Centre
for Tissue Injury and Repair, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. Richardson
- Centre
for Tissue Injury and Repair, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Judith A. Hoyland
- Centre
for Tissue Injury and Repair, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
- NIHR
Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|